NFT management method based on account chain and guardian chain DAG structure

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of blockchain technology and discloses an NFT management method based on the account chain and guardian chain DAG structure. In the management of the entire life cycle of NFT, including the casting, authorization, ownership transfer, and destruction of NFT, the transaction of NFT is processed in parallel through the account chain, which improves the TPS performance. There is no handling fee for the casting and authorization of NFT, and the ownership transfer and destruction require a small amount of execution fees for smart contracts, saving the handling fee of NFT management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of blockchain technology, and in particular to an NFT management method based on an account chain and a guardian chain DAG structure. Background Art

[0002] NFT is a method of marking the ownership of native digital assets. It is a unique and irreplaceable digital asset. The ownership of the asset circulates on the blockchain (such as Ethereum and Flow public chain), and users can view the ownership information on the chain.

[0003] However, when NFTs are minted, authorized, transferred, and destroyed on existing public chains (such as Ethereum, Flow, etc.), the transaction speed is slow, the transaction TPS (Transactions Per Second, the number of transactions processed per second by the blockchain system) performance is not high, and the handling fees are high, which seriously affects the minting and circulation of NFTs and does not utilize the full life cycle management of NFTs.

[0004] The above contents are only used to assist in understanding the technical solution of the present invention and do not constitute an admission that the above contents are prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of this invention is to provide an NFT management method based on the account chain and guardian chain DAG structure, aiming to solve the technical problems of slow transaction speed, low transaction TPS performance and high handling fees in the blockchain NFT transaction process in the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an NFT management method based on the account chain and guardian chain DAG structure, the method comprising:

[0007] When NFT of digital assets is minted, account chain A obtains the attribute characteristics of the digital assets, and creates NFT casting blocks through the casting smart contract according to the attribute characteristics of the digital assets to complete the NFT casting of the digital assets, wherein account chain A is any one of all account chains in the blockchain;

[0008] When casting NFTs of physical assets, account chain A obtains the asset data and attribute characteristics of the physical assets, and creates an NFT casting block through a casting smart contract based on the asset data and attribute characteristics of the physical assets to complete the NFT casting of the physical assets, wherein the account chain A is any one of all account chains in the blockchain.

[0009] Optionally, after completing the NFT casting of the physical asset or the digital asset, the process further includes:

[0010] When the ownership of the NFT is transferred, the account chain A obtains the account information of the account chain B, and creates an NFT transfer block based on the account information of the account chain B and the NFT, wherein the account chain B is any one of all the account chains in the blockchain;

[0011] The account chain B creates a receiving block and receives the ownership of the NFT based on the NFT transfer block and the receiving block to complete the transfer of ownership of the NFT.

[0012] Optionally, after completing the transfer of ownership of the NFT, the process further includes:

[0013] When authorizing the NFT, the account chain B obtains the account information of the account chain C and the account chain D, and creates an authorization execution block based on the account information of the account chain C and the account chain D and the NFT to complete the authorization of the NFT, wherein the account chain C is any one of all the account chains in the blockchain, and the account chain D is any one of all the account chains in the blockchain.

[0014] Optionally, after completing the authorization of the NFT, the method further includes:

[0015] When the ownership of the NFT is transferred, the account chain C creates a transfer execution block E based on the NFT. TC , the account chain D creates a transfer execution block E based on the NFT TD ;

[0016] The guard chain obtains the transfer execution block E TC priority, and obtain the transfer execution block E TD The priority of the transfer execution block E TC The priority and transfer execution block E TD The priority of the execution block E is transferred from TC And the transfer execution block E TD Select a target transfer execution block with a high priority so that the target transfer execution block completes the transfer of ownership of the NFT.

[0017] Optionally, after completing the NFT casting of the physical asset or the digital asset, the process further includes:

[0018] When the NFT is destroyed, account chain A creates an NFT destruction block based on the NFT through the destruction smart contract;

[0019] The guardian chain confirms the NFT destruction block so that the NFT destruction block completes the destruction of the NFT.

[0020] Optionally, the NFT transfer block, the receiving block, the authorization execution block, the transfer execution block E TC And the transfer execution block E TD The DAG structure is formed by linking them through block keys.

[0021] The present invention manages the entire life cycle of NFT, including the casting, authorization, ownership transfer, and destruction of NFT, and processes NFT transactions in parallel through the account chain, thereby improving TPS performance. There is no handling fee for the casting and authorization of NFT transactions, and the transfer and destruction of ownership require a small amount of smart contract execution fees, saving NFT management fees. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the NFT management method based on the account chain and guardian chain DAG structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an NFT casting flow chart of an embodiment of an NFT management method based on an account chain and a guardian chain DAG structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a DAG structure diagram of an embodiment of the NFT management method based on the account chain and guardian chain DAG structure of the present invention.

[0025] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] The embodiment of the present invention provides an NFT management method based on the account chain and the guardian chain DAG structure, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the NFT management method based on the account chain and guardian chain DAG structure of the present invention.

[0028] In this embodiment, the NFT management method based on the account chain and guardian chain DAG structure includes the following steps:

[0029] Step S10: When the NFT of a digital asset is minted, account chain A obtains the attribute characteristics of the digital asset, and creates an NFT casting block through a casting smart contract based on the attribute characteristics of the digital asset to complete the NFT casting of the digital asset, wherein the account chain A is any one of all account chains in the blockchain; when the NFT of a physical asset is minted, account chain A obtains the asset data and attribute characteristics of the physical asset, and creates an NFT casting block through a casting smart contract based on the asset data and attribute characteristics of the physical asset to complete the NFT casting of the physical asset, wherein the account chain A is any one of all account chains in the blockchain.

[0030] It should be noted that the account chain is a separate accounting for each account, with a single transaction as a single block, forming a chain structure in sequence. The entire blockchain can contain multiple account chains, and the number of account chains is determined by the number of registered users.

[0031] In the specific implementation, non-fungible tokens (NFT) can be used to represent items with unique intrinsic value (including but not limited to artworks, blind boxes, real estate, cars, etc.). They have the characteristics of unique scarcity, non-interchangeability, indivisibility, and transferability.

[0032] It can be understood that digital assets refer to non-monetary assets in the form of electronic data owned or controlled by an enterprise or individual and held in daily activities for sale or in the production process. The attribute characteristics of digital assets refer to the ownership and control rights of digital assets. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when casting the NFT of digital assets, the attribute characteristics of the digital assets need to be uploaded and stored in the distributed file storage system first, and the address where the attribute characteristics of the digital assets are stored in the distributed file storage system is calculated by the hash algorithm to obtain the non-homogeneous token ID. The hash algorithm can be SHA256. The non-homogeneous token ID can be used to distinguish different NFTs.

[0033] It can be understood that when the account corresponding to account chain A needs to create an NFT of a digital asset, an NFT casting block is created on account chain A through the casting smart contract and the non-homogeneous token ID of the digital asset, thereby completing the creation process of the NFT of the digital asset.

[0034] In the specific implementation, Figure 2As shown, when physical assets are minted into NFTs, the physical assets need to be photographed or identified first to obtain the asset data of the physical assets, which includes image data, signed certificates and other data. The attribute characteristics of physical assets include the custody of physical assets. The asset data and attribute characteristics of physical assets are uploaded and stored in a distributed file storage system. The address where the asset data and attribute characteristics of physical assets are stored in the distributed file storage system is calculated by a hash algorithm to obtain a non-homogeneous token ID.

[0035] It can be understood that when the account corresponding to account chain A needs to create an NFT of a physical asset, an NFT casting block is created on account chain A through the casting smart contract and the non-homogeneous token ID of the physical asset, thereby completing the creation process of the NFT of the physical asset.

[0036] Step S20: When the ownership of the NFT is transferred, the account chain A obtains the account information of the account chain B, and creates an NFT transfer block based on the account information of the account chain B and the NFT, wherein the account chain B is any one of all the account chains in the blockchain; the account chain B creates a receiving block, and receives the ownership of the NFT based on the NFT transfer block and the receiving block to complete the transfer of ownership of the NFT.

[0037] In the specific implementation, the ownership of NFT can only belong to one account chain at a specific moment. For example, the current ownership of NFT belongs to the account corresponding to account chain A, and the accounts corresponding to other account chains cannot own this NFT, but the ownership of NFT can be transferred. When account chain A needs to transfer the ownership of NFT to account chain B, the account information of account chain B is first determined. The account information includes the account number and identification code of the account chain, which can be used to distinguish different account chains. After determining the account information of account chain B and the NFT whose ownership needs to be transferred, create the corresponding NFT transfer block.

[0038] It can be understood that account chain B creates a receiving block and receives ownership of the NFT from the NFT transfer block based on the receiving block.

[0039] Step S30: When authorizing the NFT, the account chain B obtains the account information of the account chain C and the account chain D, and creates an authorization execution block based on the account information of the account chain C and the account chain D and the NFT to complete the authorization of the NFT, wherein the account chain C is any one of all the account chains in the blockchain, and the account chain D is any one of all the account chains in the blockchain.

[0040] It should be noted that NFT authorization refers to granting the transfer, destruction and other permissions of a certain NFT to another account. Multiple different accounts can have NFT permissions. When account chain B needs to authorize NFT to account chain C and account chain D, it first determines the account information of account chain C and account chain D, and creates an authorization execution block based on the account information and the NFT that needs to be authorized, thereby completing the authorization of account chain C and account chain D.

[0041] It is understandable that account chain B is not limited to granting permissions to account chain C and account chain D. Account chain B can also grant permissions to any account chain that requires authorization.

[0042] Step S40: When the ownership of the NFT is transferred, the account chain C creates a transfer execution block E based on the NFT TC , the account chain D creates a transfer execution block E based on the NFT TD ; Guardian chain obtains the transfer execution block E TC priority, and obtain the transfer execution block E TD The priority of the transfer execution block E TC The priority and transfer execution block E TD The priority of the execution block E is transferred from TC And the transfer execution block E TD Select a target transfer execution block with a high priority so that the target transfer execution block completes the transfer of ownership of the NFT.

[0043] It is understandable that after account chain C has the authority to transfer NFT, it can transfer the ownership of NFT. When account chain C needs to transfer the ownership of NFT to other account chains, it determines the account information of the account chain to which the ownership needs to be transferred, and creates a transfer execution block E based on the account information and the NFT to which the ownership needs to be transferred. TC .

[0044] Similarly, after account chain D has the authority to transfer NFT, it can transfer the ownership of NFT. When account chain D needs to transfer the ownership of NFT to other account chains, it determines the account information of the account chain to which the ownership needs to be transferred, and creates a transfer execution block E based on the account information and the NFT to which the ownership needs to be transferred. TD .

[0045] It should be noted that any account chain in the blockchain that is granted permission to use this NFT can transfer the ownership of this NFT or destroy this NFT.

[0046] In the specific implementation, there are two main types of nodes in the guardian chain: consensus nodes and witness nodes. Witness nodes generate guardian blocks through consensus to form the guardian chain. The guardian chain mainly witnesses the current account lattice state. At the same time, the account chain records the trustworthy blocks and cross-links them through cross-link bonds to form the final stable lattice structure.

[0047] In the specific implementation, when both account chain C and account chain D transfer the ownership of the same NFT, the priority of these two transactions needs to be sorted through the guardian chain, and the transaction with the higher priority is the final NFT ownership transfer transaction. TC The priority is higher than the transfer execution block E TD , then account chain C transfers the ownership of this NFT. Similarly, when the transfer execution block E TC The priority is lower than the transfer execution block E TD When the priority is reached, account chain D transfers the ownership of this NFT.

[0048] It can be understood that when multiple account chains that have authority over this NFT transfer ownership of this NFT, the transfer transaction of the account chain with the highest priority among these account chains is executed.

[0049] Step S50: When the NFT is destroyed, account chain A creates an NFT destruction block based on the NFT by destroying the smart contract; the guardian chain confirms the NFT destruction block so that the NFT destruction block completes the destruction of the NFT.

[0050] It should be noted that after the NFT is destroyed, it will no longer exist. When account chain A needs to destroy the NFT, it will destroy the NFT by destroying the smart contract to create an NFT destruction block. When destroying the NFT, the guardian chain needs to confirm the destruction transaction, and the final NFT can only be destroyed after the guardian chain confirms it. Any account chain that has permission to destroy this NFT has destroyed this NFT, but the destruction will only be destroyed after the guardian chain confirms it.

[0051] Furthermore, the NFT transfer block, the receiving block, the authorization execution block, the transfer execution block E TC And the transfer execution block E TD The DAG structure is formed by linking them through block keys.

[0052] In the specific implementation, blocks between different account chains are linked through block keys, and there is a transaction relationship between the blocks linked by block keys. For example, account chain A initiates an ownership transfer transaction to create an NFT transfer block, and account chain B initiates an ownership receiving transaction to create a receiving block, which is used to receive the ownership of the NFT from the NFT transfer block. Therefore, the block key between the NFT transfer block and the receiving block is pointed from the receiving block to the NFT transfer block.

[0053] Similarly, account chain B authorizes the NFT's rights to account chain C and account chain D, so account chain C and account chain D have the right to transfer the ownership of the NFT, thereby transferring the execution block E. TC And the transfer execution block E TD There are block keys for each authorization execution block, and each block points to the authorization execution block.

[0054] It can be understood that DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) refers to a directed acyclic graph. The directed acyclic graph chain structure formed by the above block keys enables asynchronous consensus on account chain transactions and greatly improves performance.

[0055] It should be noted that blocks in the same account chain are linked according to the time sequence of block creation. NFT casting and NFT ownership transfer are confirmed in the account chain, which increases the transaction speed and does not require handling fees. NFT authorization and NFT destruction need to be confirmed in the guardian chain through smart contracts, which requires a small amount of smart contract execution fees.

[0056] As Figure 3 For example, the guardian chain includes the genesis block G and the guardian block D. The account chain of account A includes the receiving block R, the smart contract block C, the NFT casting block M, the NFT transfer block T and the NFT destruction block B; the account chain of account B includes the receiving block R and the authorization execution block E. A ; The account chain of account C includes receiving block R and transfer execution block E T ; The account chain of account D includes receiving block R and transfer execution block E T The blocks between different account chains are linked by block keys to form a DAG chain structure.

[0057] This embodiment manages the entire life cycle of NFT, including the casting, authorization, ownership transfer, and destruction of NFT, and processes NFT transactions in parallel through the account chain, thereby improving TPS performance. There is no handling fee for NFT casting and authorization transactions, and ownership transfer and destruction require a small amount of smart contract execution fees, saving NFT management fees.

[0058] In addition, it should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or system including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or system. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or system including the element.

[0059] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0060] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as a read-only memory (ROM) / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An NFT management method based on the account chain and guardian chain DAG structure, characterized in that: The method comprises: When NFT of digital assets is minted, account chain A obtains the attribute characteristics of the digital assets, and creates NFT casting blocks through the casting smart contract according to the attribute characteristics of the digital assets to complete the NFT casting of the digital assets, wherein account chain A is any one of all account chains in the blockchain; When casting NFT of physical assets, account chain A obtains the asset data and attribute characteristics of the physical assets, and creates NFT casting blocks through casting smart contracts according to the asset data and attribute characteristics of the physical assets to complete the NFT casting of the physical assets, wherein account chain A is any one of all account chains in the blockchain; After the NFT casting of the physical asset or the digital asset is completed, it also includes: When the ownership of the NFT is transferred, the account chain A obtains the account information of the account chain B, and creates an NFT transfer block based on the account information of the account chain B and the NFT, wherein the account chain B is any one of all the account chains in the blockchain; The account chain B creates a receiving block and receives the ownership of the NFT based on the NFT transfer block and the receiving block to complete the transfer of ownership of the NFT; After completing the transfer of ownership of the NFT, it also includes: When authorizing the NFT, the account chain B obtains the account information of the account chain C and the account chain D, and creates an authorization execution block based on the account information of the account chain C and the account chain D and the NFT to complete the authorization of the NFT. The account chain C is any one of all the account chains in the blockchain, and the account chain D is any one of all the account chains in the blockchain; After completing the authorization of the NFT, it also includes: When the ownership of the NFT is transferred, the account chain C creates a transfer execution block ETC based on the NFT, and the account chain D creates a transfer execution block ETD based on the NFT; The guardian chain obtains the priority of the transfer execution block ETC and the priority of the transfer execution block ETD, and selects a target transfer execution block with a high priority from the transfer execution block ETC and the transfer execution block ETD according to the priority of the transfer execution block ETC and the priority of the transfer execution block ETD, so that the target transfer execution block completes the transfer of ownership of the NFT; After the NFT casting of the physical asset or the digital asset is completed, it also includes: When the NFT is destroyed, account chain A creates an NFT destruction block based on the NFT through the destruction smart contract; The guardian chain confirms the NFT destruction block so that the NFT destruction block completes the destruction of the NFT.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The NFT transfer block, the receiving block, the authorization execution block, the transfer execution block ETC and the transfer execution block ETD are linked by block keys to form a DAG structure.

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