A method, device and electronic device for processing OVT gathers of PS wave seismic trace data

Abstract

The present invention provides an OVT gather processing method, device, and electronic device for PS wave seismic trace data. The method includes: mapping the PS wave seismic trace data onto a CCP bin grid, and determining a virtual shot checkpoint of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid with the projection point of the imaging point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the surface as the center, wherein the virtual shot checkpoint has the same shot offset as the original shot checkpoint of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid. Based on the travel time of the virtual shot checkpoint reflected by the PS wave seismic trace data on the bin grid, the time-distance curve of the PS wave seismic trace data is corrected to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship, so that the conversion point reflected by the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is located at the common center point of the corrected seismic trace data. The PS wave seismic trace data is mapped onto an OVT shot check line grid, and an OVT gather extraction is performed on the PS wave seismic trace data to obtain an OVT gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein the extracted information includes: offset, azimuth, coordinates of the CMP point, and travel time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This document relates to the field of seismic exploration technology, and in particular to an OVT gather processing method, device and electronic equipment for PS wave seismic trace data. Background Art

[0002] Wide-azimuth, high-density seismic exploration has become a significant development in seismic exploration technology. OVT (Open Vertical Transformation) is a novel bin extraction and stacking technique for wide-azimuth seismic data. It represents the minimum data volume for uniformly illuminated subsurface imaging, preserving offset and azimuth information from wide-azimuth acquisitions. It has already achieved successful application in PP-wave imaging. However, mature technologies for PS-wave imaging are still lacking. This is primarily due to the following two factors: 1) PS waves, with their downlinks being P-waves and their uplinks being S-waves, create asymmetric ray paths, making the PP-wave OVT technique impractical. 2) The PS-wave transition point varies with depth, making OVT unsuitable for this point.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to develop the application of OVT gathers for PS waves to image underground structural features from a new data perspective. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of this specification is to provide a method, device and electronic equipment for processing PS wave seismic trace data, which can extract OVT traces from PS wave seismic trace data, thereby obtaining seismic trace data at a completely new angle to image underground geological bodies.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of this specification are implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, a gather processing method for PS wave seismic trace data is provided, comprising:

[0007] Mapping PS wave seismic trace data on a CCP bin grid, and determining a virtual shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid with a projection point of an imaging point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the ground surface as a center, wherein the virtual shot check point has the same offset as an original shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid;

[0008] Based on the travel time of the virtual shot check point reflected by the PS wave seismic trace data on the bin grid, the time-distance curve of the PS wave seismic trace data is corrected from a non-hyperbolic time-distance relationship to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship, so that the transition point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is located at the common center point of the corrected PS wave seismic trace data;

[0009] The PS wave seismic trace data corrected by the time-distance curve is mapped on the shot detection line grid of the OVT, and an OVT track gather is extracted from the PS wave seismic trace data to obtain an OVT track gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein the information extracted from the OVT track gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of the CMP point, ordinate of the CMP point, and travel time.

[0010] In a second aspect, a gather processing device for PS wave seismic trace data is provided, comprising:

[0011] A CCP gather extraction module is configured to map PS-wave seismic trace data onto a CCP bin grid and determine a virtual shot check point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid, with the projection point of the imaging point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the ground surface as the center. The virtual shot check point has the same offset as the original shot check point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid.

[0012] a timing correction module for correcting the time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic trace data to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship based on the travel time of the virtual shot check point reflected by the PS-wave seismic trace data on the bin grid, so that the transition point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is located at a common center point of the corrected PS-wave seismic trace data;

[0013] An OVT gather extraction module is used to map the PS wave seismic trace data corrected by the time-distance curve on the shot detection line grid of the OVT, perform OVT gather extraction on the PS wave seismic trace data, and obtain the OVT gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein the information extracted from the OVT gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of the CMP point, ordinate of the CMP point, and travel time.

[0014] According to a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program is executed by the processor:

[0015] Mapping PS wave seismic trace data on a CCP bin grid, and determining a virtual shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid with a projection point of an imaging point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the ground surface as a center, wherein the virtual shot check point has the same offset as an original shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid;

[0016] Correcting a time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic trace data to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship based on the travel time of a virtual shot check point reflected by the bin grid, such that a transition point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is located at a common center point of the corrected PS-wave seismic trace data;

[0017] The PS wave seismic trace data corrected by the time-distance curve is mapped on the shot detection line grid of the OVT, and an OVT track gather is extracted from the PS wave seismic trace data to obtain an OVT track gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein the information extracted from the OVT track gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of the CMP point, ordinate of the CMP point, and travel time.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0019] Mapping PS wave seismic trace data on a bin grid of the CCP, and determining a virtual shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid, wherein the virtual shot check point has the same offset as an original shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid, and is centered at a projection point of an imaging point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the ground surface;

[0020] Correcting a time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic trace data to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship based on the travel time of a virtual shot check point reflected by the bin grid, such that a transition point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is located at a common center point of the corrected PS-wave seismic trace data;

[0021] The PS wave seismic trace data corrected by the time-distance curve is mapped on the shot detection line grid of the OVT, and an OVT track gather is extracted from the PS wave seismic trace data to obtain an OVT track gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein the information extracted from the OVT track gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of the CMP point, ordinate of the CMP point, and travel time.

[0022] The present invention first extracts CCP gathers from the PS wave, and then, based on the CCP gathers, corrects the time-distance curve of the PS wave to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship, so that the position of the PS wave transition point is consistent with the center point of the virtual shot checkpoint. The center point of the virtual shot checkpoint can be used to represent the position of the transition point, and thus, on the shot check line grid of the OVT, the PS wave seismic trace data after time-distance curve correction is mapped using the PP wave method, so that it is suitable for extracting OVT gathers from the PS wave seismic trace data, and a uniformly covered PS wave OVT gather can be obtained. The present invention not only images and characterizes underground structural features from a new data perspective, but also, if superimposed imaging is performed based on the extracted PS wave OVT gathers, the dimensional information is greater than that of the traditional common offset migration imaging method, and thus has higher imaging accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a gather processing method for PS wave seismic trace data provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of CCP gather extraction.

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of equivalent C wave conversion.

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the OVT gather of PS wave seismic data.

[0028] Figure 5 This is the OVT bin offset and azimuth distribution map.

[0029] Figure 6 is the PSV wave migration profile.

[0030] Figure 7 This is the OVT bin coverage frequency map of PS wave seismic trace data.

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the OVT azimuth gather of PS wave seismic channel data.

[0032] Figure 9 This is the migration profile after anisotropy correction of each PS wave seismic trace data.

[0033] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the OVT imaging point gather of the PS wave seismic trace data model.

[0034] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the actual OVT imaging gather of PS wave seismic trace data.

[0035] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the imaging profile comparison of PS wave seismic trace data.

[0036] Figure 13 This is a comparison view of the fast and slow shear wave profiles of PS wave seismic trace data.

[0037] Figure 14 A schematic structural diagram of a gather processing device for PS wave seismic trace data provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 15 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to help those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0040] As mentioned above, the current lack of mature technology for PS wave imaging in OVT traces is mainly due to the following two aspects: 1) First, the downlink wave of the PS wave is the P wave, and the uplink wave is the S wave. The corresponding ray path is asymmetric, and the PP wave OVT technology cannot be directly applied; 2) Second, the position of the PS wave transition point changes with depth, and the PP wave OVT technology cannot be applied to this point.

[0041] To address these issues, the present invention proposes an OVT gather application solution for PS waves. Specifically, it extracts OVT gathers with uniform PS wave coverage for stacked imaging. This approach not only provides a new perspective on subsurface structures but also offers higher imaging accuracy compared to traditional common-offset PS wave imaging due to the increased dimensionality.

[0042] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gather processing method for PS wave seismic trace data. Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the gather processing method, which includes the following steps:

[0043] S102, mapping the PS wave seismic trace data onto the CCP bin grid, and determining a virtual shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid with the projection point of the imaging point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the surface as the center. The virtual shot check point has the same shot offset as the original shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid.

[0044] S104, based on the travel time of the virtual shot check point reflected by the PS wave seismic trace data on the bin grid, the time-distance curve of the PS wave seismic trace data is corrected from a non-hyperbolic time-distance relationship to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship, so that the conversion point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is located on the common center point of the corrected PS wave seismic trace data.

[0045] It should be understood that the common center point of the corrected seismic trace data is the common center point of the equivalent C wave.

[0046] S106, mapping the PS wave seismic trace data corrected by the time-distance curve onto the OVT shot inspection line grid, performing OVT gather extraction on the PS wave seismic trace data, and obtaining an OVT gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein the information extracted from the OVT gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of the CMP point, ordinate of the CMP point, and travel time.

[0047] The method of the embodiment of the present invention first extracts CCP gathers from the PS wave, and then corrects the time-distance curve of the PS wave to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship based on the CCP gathers, so that the position of the PS wave transition point is consistent with the center point of the virtual shot checkpoint. The center point of the virtual shot checkpoint can be used to represent the position of the transition point, and thus the PS wave seismic trace data after time-distance curve correction is mapped on the OVT shot check line grid using the PP wave method, so as to be suitable for extracting OVT gathers from the PS wave seismic trace data, and obtain a uniformly covered PS wave OVT gather. The present invention not only images and characterizes underground structural features from a new data perspective, but also, if superimposed imaging is performed based on the extracted PS wave OVT gathers, the dimensional information is greater than that of the traditional common offset migration imaging method, and thus has higher imaging accuracy.

[0048] The principle of the method according to the embodiment of the present invention is introduced below.

[0049] This invention aims to provide a novel method for extracting and imaging PS-wave OVT gathers (hereinafter referred to as PS-wave seismic data) based on precise transition points. This method improves imaging accuracy while also enabling the use of similar techniques for PS waves. The main aspects of this method include: 1) precise transition point calculation and equivalent C-wave conversion; and 2) PS-wave OVT gather extraction and imaging.

[0050] (1) Calculation of accurate PS wave conversion points and equivalent C wave conversion

[0051] The location of the PS wave transition point changes with depth, and the projection of the transition point on the plane also changes with depth. In the process of extracting PS wave CCP gathers, the general approach is to use the binning method to find the transition point and quickly extract the CCP gathers.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, after mapping PS wave seismic data to the CCP bin grid, the lines connecting the asymptotic conversion points (ACP) and the receivers (Receivers) with the imaging grid define a series of intersections. Each intersection serves as a conversion point, and the bins between two intersections are seismic wave reflection bins (such as the shaded bins in the figure). Based on the conversion point trajectory equation in the depth domain (shown as the curve in the figure), the PS wave reflection time t corresponding to each intersection can be calculated as the traveltime of that intersection.

[0053] The formula for calculating travel time t is as follows:

[0054] t ,in, P-wave root mean square velocity, Z0 is the depth of the transition point, is the distance between the conversion point and the source point in the original shot check point, is the distance between the conversion point and the detection point in the original shot detection point. Seismic data with different reflection times are divided into different bins.

[0055] Since the conversion point is not the midpoint of the gun-detection line and there is more than one, the cross arrangement cannot be determined directly using the gun line and detection line where the gun-detection point is located. The equivalent C wave method is used to construct a virtual gun-detection point to solve this problem. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the seismic wave excited by source S reflects from the underground imaging point O and travels to the surface geophone R. The projection of point O on the surface is point C, with a depth of Z0 and a shot offset of 2h. Keeping the shot offset constant, the shot point is translated toward the geophone to positions S' and R', where S' and R' are virtual points S and R, respectively, and C is the midpoint between S' and R'. Assuming the travel time of the original shot point is t, the travel time of the seismic wave excited by the virtual source S', propagating to the imaging point O, and then reflecting back to the surface virtual geophone R' is t'. The calculation formula is:

[0056]

[0057] in, , , is the P-wave velocity, is the S-wave velocity, is the depth of the conversion point.

[0058] By constructing an equivalent C wave and moving the value of the point corresponding to time t to the point corresponding to time t′, the PS wave time-distance curve is transformed from non-hyperbolic to hyperbolic.

[0059] 2) PS wave seismic data OVT gather extraction and imaging

[0060] The center point of the shifted shot coordinates is the reflection point, which remains within the CCP imaging bin before the shot shift. Using this shifted shot coordinate information, OVT gathers can be extracted using PP-wave seismic data. Unlike PP-wave seismic data, the projection of the reflection point on the plane shifts laterally with depth, resulting in seismic data from the same shot pair being assigned to different cross arrangements.

[0061] Figure 4The following diagram illustrates the extraction of OVT gathers from PS-wave seismic data. Assuming the reflection point is located within bin 1, after translating the shot-detection coordinates, the shot and detection lines corresponding to the virtual shot and detection points can be found, and the corresponding cross arrangement center 1' can be determined. Similarly, when the reflection point is located in bins 2, 3, 4, and so on, the centers of the cross arrangements determined are located at the shaded circles. Through this method, seismic data from the same shot-detection pair are assigned to different cross arrangements.

[0062] By extracting the PS wave OVT gathers, the three-dimensional seismic data (longitudinal CMPx, transverse CMPy, time t) is sorted into five dimensions (offset, azimuth, CMPx, CMPy, t). The stacking imaging formula for PS wave seismic data based on the OVT cross-arranged grid is:

[0063] [T T # (x, )] ;

[0064] in, For self-motivation and self-collection when traveling -The relationship image between the spatial coordinates X=(x,y,z), k is the shot line number, l is the detection line number, i is the number of the conversion point element, The horizontal coordinate of the CMP point, The epicenter , detection point In space The amplitude weighted function at , u is the seismic data, δ() is the pulse function, is the speed of the equivalent C wave at the spatial coordinate X , the time from the source point to the imaging point and then to the detection point.

[0065] Based on the stacking imaging results of the PS wave seismic trace data corresponding to the OVT gather, while retaining the azimuth and offset information, the underground structural features can also be identified.

[0066] 3) PS wave azimuthal anisotropy correction

[0067] When PS waves propagate into anisotropic media, shear wave splitting occurs, generating fast shear wave PS1 and slow shear wave PS2. For HTI media containing a single set of vertical cracks, shear wave splitting is also azimuth-dependent. In order to further improve the imaging quality, the influence of anisotropy needs to be corrected. Assuming the crack orientation is ϕ , in the gun inspection direction θ When , the relationship between the R component, T component and the split PS1 wave and PS2 wave is:

[0068] ,in, represents the fast shear wave after splitting, represents the slow shear wave after splitting, is the time delay between PS1 and PS2 waves, and the crack orientation Yes The result of extreme value solution is For the travel time of earthquake waves, They are the PS wave seismic data received along the radial and tangential directions respectively.

[0069] Based on the above formula, the fast shear waves and slow shear waves in the PS wave seismic trace data can be separated to achieve the correction of PS wave anisotropy;

[0070] in, ϕ and Δt The objective function can be solved by parameter scanning. u T ( t, θ ) E ( ϕ,Δt ) to obtain:

[0071] ;

[0072] In order to maintain the time difference between PS1 wave and PS2 wave, the crack direction ϕ Substitute the relationship formula between PS1 wave and PS2 wave to obtain the split PS1 wave and PS2 wave.

[0073] The technical process of extracting and stacking OVT gathers of PS wave seismic data is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in Figure 2, this paper uses the equivalent C-wave hypothesis to extract OVT gathers from PS-wave seismic data based on the calculation of precise conversion points. This method establishes a connection between PS-wave OVT processing and PP-wave OVT processing, providing a convenient and efficient new implementation method and technical route for PS-wave OVT processing.

[0074] Under the guidance of the method principles and technical processes, the present invention uses theoretical simulation data and actual data to conduct tests, and further proves the feasibility and superiority of the method by comparing and analyzing it with traditional processing.

[0075] (1) Numerical model testing

[0076] In order to verify the correctness of the above method, a three-dimensional inclined fault model ( Figure 6), the model parameters are shown in Table 1. The P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity, and density of layer 1 all increase linearly, and the layer thickness interval is 80m. A three-dimensional orthogonal wide-azimuth observation system is used for acquisition, with a shot line spacing and receiver line spacing of 50m, and a shot spacing and trace spacing of 50m. A patch diagram of the observation system is shown in Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the simulation uses a 12 Hz Ricker wavelet with a sampling interval of 2 ms and a total of 1251 sampling points.

[0077] Table 1 Model parameters

[0078]

[0079] Before OVT gather stacking and imaging, the data was preprocessed using RT rotation and wavefield separation (Lu et al., 2012) to obtain converted PSV waves. Conventional processing only includes information in the offset domain, but each OVT bin has a specific offset and azimuth range, so in addition to the offset, it also includes azimuth information. Taking this model as an example, once the OVT bin size is determined, the following can be calculated based on the bin number: Figure 5 The offset and azimuth corresponding to the center position of the bin are shown.

[0080] The bin size selected for this OVT gather extraction is 100*100m. The original PSV wave data has regular shot distribution and uniform spatial sampling, so direct migration can obtain better imaging results. Figure 6 After calculating the conversion point and converting the equivalent C wave to each PSV wave seismic data, the OVT gather can be sorted. After the OVT gather is sorted, the formula is used. Imaging is performed, and the obtained imaging section Figure 6 The imaging section processed by this method is basically the same as the section processed by conventional methods, but with smaller imaging noise.

[0081] Compared with the traditional ACP point-based PS wave OVT processing method proposed by Bale et al., this method not only achieves uniform illumination in space, but also improves the imaging quality. Figure 7 The left part is the coverage frequency diagram of the PP wave OVT bin, which achieves uniform and complete coverage in the entire work area. Figure 7 The middle and right parts of the figure are the results of the OVT bin coverage times of the traditional ACP method (i.e., the PS wave OVT processing method based on ACP points) and the method. , that is, the OVT bin size is 150m*75m. By comparison, it can be found that both this method and the PP wave OVT have achieved uniform coverage in space, while the coverage times of the ACP method vary greatly at different locations. In addition, since the ACP point cannot accurately describe the position of the conversion point, the consistency of the reflection points in the OVT bin at shallow locations deteriorates, making it impossible to accurately perform in-phase superposition, thereby affecting the imaging effect. Under the combined influence of the above factors, compared with the OVT gather extraction based on the ACP point position and this method, it can be clearly observed from the imaging profile that at the first reflection interface (corresponding to Figure 6 There are obvious deficiencies in the imaging.

[0082] In addition, due to the inclusion of azimuth information, the OVT imaging gathers ( Figure 11 ) Obvious anisotropic features can also be observed. Since PS waves have the characteristics of low frequency and low signal-to-noise ratio, and the imaging gather has a relatively low signal-to-noise ratio, in order to make the calculated crack orientation more accurate, anisotropy correction was performed on the OVT azimuth gather. We selected an interval of 30° and superimposed the offset gathers. On the OVT azimuth gather, the phase axis (1800ms) appears as a "trigonometric function"-like jitter of the SV wave, such as Figure 8 As shown in the upper left part, the period is 180°, and the SH wave undergoes a phase reversal every 90°. Figure 8 As shown in the upper right part. We use the formula The fast and slow waves are separated and the time difference between the fast and slow shear waves is corrected to eliminate the influence of azimuthal anisotropy and the event axis is re-leveled. Figure 8 The lower left and lower right parts are shown. After removing the periodic jitter, the azimuth gathers are superimposed and the final result is as follows: Figure 9 The imaging section shown. After anisotropy correction, compared with the anisotropy correction before ( Figure 6 Middle part), at the last reflection interface position ( Figure 6 The vertical resolution is significantly improved (arrow in the middle).

[0083] (2) Actual data testing

[0084] The method was applied to the PS wave processing of all-round three-dimensional three-component seismic data in Huainan Coalfield, Anhui Province. The shot spacing and trace spacing were designed to be 40m, the shot line spacing and receiver line spacing were 90m, and the shot and receiver coordinates were distributed as follows: Figure 10 Before extracting OVT gathers, the three-component seismic data was preprocessed using RT rotation and other methods. To achieve the same OVT gather extraction method as for PP waves, the OVT bin size for PS waves was set to twice the shotline spacing, i.e., 180m x 180m.

[0085] After the conversion point calculation and equivalent C wave conversion of each R component seismic data, the OVT gather can be sorted. After OVT sorting by this method, the spatial sampling becomes uniform, and the formula is used. Imaging is performed, and imaging gathers are as follows Figure 11 As shown in Figure 2, the energy difference between far and near offsets becomes smaller. The OVT processed stacked imaging section is shown in Figure 2. Figure 12 As shown in the right part, compared with Figure 12 The left part shows the stacked cross section of the direct migration, where the migration noise is reduced, the cross section is clearer, and the resolution is improved.

[0086] The actual underground medium is complex. Coal-bearing strata often have cracks of different scales and orientations from shallow to deep. The PS1 and PS2 waves split from the deep strata have undergone multiple splits from the overlying strata. Therefore, we adopted the layer stripping method of the sliding time window and used the formula The effect of anisotropy is reduced by peeling and correcting the layers layer by layer with a 60ms sliding time window. Figure 13 Compared with the R and T component imaging sections before separation, the section quality has been improved, especially the shallow layer imaging effect has been significantly improved.

[0087] In addition, for Figure 1 In addition to the method shown in the figure, the embodiment of this specification also provides a gather processing device for PS wave seismic trace data. Figure 14 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gather processing device 1400 according to an embodiment of the present specification, comprising:

[0088] The CCP gather extraction module 1410 is used to map the PS wave seismic trace data on the CCP bin grid, and determine the virtual shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid with the projection point of the imaging point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the surface as the center. The virtual shot check point has the same shot distance as the original shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid.

[0089] The timing correction module 1420 is used to correct the time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic trace data to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship based on the travel time of the virtual shot check point reflected by the bin grid of the PS-wave seismic trace data, so that the conversion point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is located at the common center point of the corrected PS-wave seismic trace data.

[0090] The OVT gather extraction module 1430 is used to map the PS wave seismic trace data corrected by the time-distance curve on the shot detection line grid of the OVT, perform OVT gather extraction on the PS wave seismic trace data, and obtain the OVT gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein the information extracted from the OVT gather includes: offset, azimuth, horizontal coordinate of the CMP point, vertical coordinate of the CMP point and travel time.

[0091] Obviously, the device of the embodiment of this specification can be used as the above Figure 1 The execution subject of the method shown can thus realize the method in Figure 1 The steps and functions implemented are not described in detail in this article because the principles are the same.

[0092] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this specification. Figure 5 At the hardware level, the electronic device includes a processor and, optionally, an internal bus, a network interface, and memory. The memory may include internal memory, such as high-speed random-access memory (RAM), or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk drive. Of course, the electronic device may also include other hardware required for its services.

[0093] The processor, network interface, and memory can be interconnected via an internal bus, which can be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, Figure 5 Only one bidirectional arrow is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0094] The memory is used to store programs. Specifically, the program may include program code, which includes computer operating instructions. The memory may include internal memory and non-volatile memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor.

[0095] The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory into the internal memory and then runs it, forming the above-mentioned PS wave seismic trace data gather processing device at the logical level. Correspondingly, the processor executes the program stored in the memory and is specifically used to perform the following operations:

[0096] The PS wave seismic trace data are mapped onto the bin grid of the CCP, and a virtual shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is determined with the projection point of the imaging point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the ground surface as the center. The virtual shot check point has the same shot offset as the original shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid.

[0097] Based on the travel time of the virtual shot check point reflected by the PS wave seismic track data on the bin grid, the time-distance curve of the PS wave seismic track data is corrected to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship, so that the conversion point of the PS wave seismic track data relative to the bin grid is located on the common center point of the corrected PS wave seismic track data.

[0098] The PS wave seismic trace data corrected by the time-distance curve is mapped on the shot detection line grid of the OVT, and an OVT track gather is extracted from the PS wave seismic trace data to obtain an OVT track gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein the information extracted from the OVT track gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of the CMP point, ordinate of the CMP point, and travel time.

[0099] The above is as in this manual Figure 1The methods disclosed in the illustrated embodiments can be applied to and implemented by a processor. The processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method can be performed by hardware integrated logic circuits within the processor or by software instructions. The above processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. The methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention can be directly executed by a hardware decoding processor or by a combination of hardware and software modules within the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a storage medium well-known in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0100] It should be understood that the electronic device of the embodiment of the present invention can enable the service processing device to implement the corresponding Figure 1 The steps and functions in the method shown are not repeated here because the principles are the same.

[0101] Of course, in addition to software implementation, the electronic device in this specification does not exclude other implementation methods, such as logic devices or a combination of software and hardware, etc. That is to say, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, but can also be hardware or logic devices.

[0102] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs include instructions.

[0103] When the above instructions are executed by a portable electronic device including multiple applications, the portable electronic device can execute Figure 1 The steps of the method shown include:

[0104] The PS wave seismic trace data are mapped onto the bin grid of the CCP, and a virtual shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is determined with the projection point of the imaging point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the ground surface as the center. The virtual shot check point has the same shot offset as the original shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid.

[0105] Based on the travel time of the virtual shot check point reflected by the PS wave seismic track data on the bin grid, the time-distance curve of the PS wave seismic track data is corrected from a non-hyperbolic time-distance relationship to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship, so that the conversion point of the PS wave seismic track data relative to the bin grid is located on the common center point of the corrected PS wave seismic track data.

[0106] The PS wave seismic trace data corrected by the time-distance curve is mapped on the shot detection line grid of the OVT, and an OVT track gather is extracted from the PS wave seismic trace data to obtain an OVT track gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein the information extracted from the OVT track gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of the CMP point, ordinate of the CMP point, and travel time.

[0107] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of this specification may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this specification may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, this specification may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0108] The foregoing description of this specification describes specific embodiments. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that described in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order shown or the sequential order to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0109] The above are merely examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit this specification. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of this specification are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this specification shall be included within the scope of the claims of this specification. In addition, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of this document.

Claims

1. A method for processing OVT gathers of PS wave seismic trace data, characterized in that: include: Mapping PS wave seismic trace data on a CCP bin grid, and determining a virtual shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid with a projection point of an imaging point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the ground surface as a center, wherein the virtual shot check point has the same offset as an original shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid; Based on the travel time of the virtual shot check point reflected by the PS wave seismic trace data on the bin grid, the time-distance curve of the PS wave seismic trace data is corrected from a non-hyperbolic time-distance relationship to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship, so that the transition point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is located at the common center point of the corrected PS wave seismic trace data; The PS wave seismic trace data corrected by the time-distance curve is mapped on the shot detection line grid of the OVT, and an OVT track gather is extracted from the PS wave seismic trace data to obtain an OVT track gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein the information extracted from the OVT track gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of the CMP point, ordinate of the CMP point, and travel time.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Correcting the time-distance curve of the PS wave seismic trace data based on the travel time of the virtual shot check point reflected by the bin grid includes: Determine the multiple intersections of the line connecting the asymptotic conversion point and the detection point corresponding to the PS wave seismic trace data and the bin grid as the projection of the conversion point of the PS wave seismic trace data on the ground; The travel time of the conversion point corresponding to the original shot check point in the time-distance curve of the PS wave seismic trace data is replaced by the travel time corresponding to the virtual shot check point to correct the time-distance curve of the PS wave seismic trace data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The travel time t of the conversion point corresponding to the original shot check point in the time-distance curve of the PS wave seismic channel data ,in, P-wave rms velocity, is the depth of the conversion point, is the distance between the conversion point and the source point in the original shot check point, is the distance between the conversion point and the detection point in the original shot detection point.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The travel time of the virtual shot check point corresponding to the conversion point in the time-distance curve of the PS wave seismic channel data ; in, , , is the P-wave velocity, is the S-wave velocity, is the depth corresponding to the conversion point, Offset.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Performing stack imaging on the OVT gathers of the PS wave seismic trace data; and, Based on the stacking imaging results of the PS wave seismic trace data corresponding to the OVT gather, the underground structural features are identified.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The formula for stacking and imaging the OVT gathers of PS wave seismic trace data is: [T T # (x, )] ; in, For self-motivation and self-collection when traveling -The relationship image between the spatial coordinates X=(x,y,z), k is the shot line number, l is the detection line number, i is the number of the conversion point imaging element, The horizontal coordinate of the CMP point, The vertical coordinate of the CMP point, The epicenter , detection point In space The amplitude weighted function at , u is the seismic data, δ() is the pulse function, is the speed of the equivalent C wave at the spatial coordinate X , the time from the source point to the imaging point and then to the detection point.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After obtaining the OVT gather of PS wave seismic trace data, it also includes: Based on the formula , perform azimuthal anisotropy correction on PS wave seismic trace data; in, represents the fast shear wave after splitting, represents the slow shear wave after splitting, is the time delay between PS1 and PS2 waves, and the crack orientation Yes The result of extreme value solution is For the travel time of earthquake waves, For artillery inspection direction, For and is the objective function of the input parameter, They are the PS wave seismic data received along the radial and tangential directions respectively.

8. A gather processing device for PS wave seismic trace data, characterized in that: include: A CCP gather extraction module is configured to map PS-wave seismic trace data onto a CCP bin grid and determine a virtual shot check point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid, with the projection point of the imaging point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the ground surface as the center. The virtual shot check point has the same offset as the original shot check point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid. a timing correction module for correcting the time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic trace data to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship based on the travel time of the virtual shot check point reflected by the PS-wave seismic trace data on the bin grid, so that the transition point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is located at a common center point of the corrected PS-wave seismic trace data; An OVT gather extraction module is used to map the PS wave seismic trace data corrected by the time-distance curve on the shot detection line grid of the OVT, perform OVT gather extraction on the PS wave seismic trace data, and obtain the OVT gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein the information extracted from the OVT gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of the CMP point, ordinate of the CMP point, and travel time.

9. An electronic device comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor, wherein the computer program is executed by the processor: Mapping PS wave seismic trace data on a bin grid of the CCP, and determining a virtual shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid, wherein the virtual shot check point has the same offset as an original shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid, and is centered at a projection point of an imaging point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the ground surface; Correcting a time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic trace data to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship based on the travel time of a virtual shot check point reflected by the bin grid, such that a transition point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is located at a common center point of the corrected PS-wave seismic trace data; The PS wave seismic trace data corrected by the time-distance curve is mapped on the shot detection line grid of the OVT, and an OVT track gather is extracted from the PS wave seismic trace data to obtain an OVT track gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein the information extracted from the OVT track gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of the CMP point, ordinate of the CMP point, and travel time.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps: Mapping PS wave seismic trace data on a bin grid of the CCP, and determining a virtual shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid, wherein the virtual shot check point has the same offset as an original shot check point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid, and is centered at a projection point of an imaging point of the PS wave seismic trace data relative to the ground surface; Correcting a time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic trace data to a hyperbolic time-distance relationship based on the travel time of a virtual shot check point reflected by the bin grid, such that a transition point of the PS-wave seismic trace data relative to the bin grid is located at a common center point of the corrected PS-wave seismic trace data; The PS wave seismic trace data corrected by the time-distance curve is mapped on the shot detection line grid of the OVT, and the OVT gather is extracted from the PS wave seismic trace data to obtain the OVT gather of the PS wave seismic trace data, wherein: The information extracted from the OVT gathers includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of the CMP point, ordinate of the CMP point and travel time.

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