A method for predicting the rooting ability of tea varieties

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for pre-judging the rooting ability of tea varieties, comprising the following steps: collecting tea spikes from tea trees and cultivating them in an aeroponic mode, statistically analyzing the budding rate and survival rate of the tea spikes, combining the influencing factors of the spike picking season, cultivating tea branches from tea trees and conducting budding cultivation experiments in the three seasons of April-May, June-July, and September-October each year; calculating according to the statistical budding rate and survival rate of the tea spikes in the three seasons and the influencing factors of the spike picking season according to Y=M*X*S, and finally obtaining the rooting ability coefficient of the tea spikes for analysis; when the rooting ability coefficient of the tea spikes (Y) is lower than 50%, it indicates that the potential rooting ability of the tea tree is weak, when the rooting ability coefficient of the tea spikes (Y) is between 51%-70%, it indicates that the potential rooting ability of the tea tree is medium; when the rooting ability coefficient of the tea spikes (Y) exceeds 71%, it indicates that the potential rooting ability of the tea tree is strong. After the rooting strength of the cuttings of the variety is pre-judged according to the method of the present invention, in the subsequent large-scale cutting process, the tea trees can be subjected to corresponding technical pretreatment at an early stage according to the biological characteristics of the tea trees to improve their rooting ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tea tree cultivation technology, in particular to a method for pre-judging the rooting ability of tea tree varieties. Background Art

[0002] Tea trees are important economic crops in mountainous areas of my country. Cultivating high-quality tea seedlings plays an important basic role in promoting the development of the tea industry. At present, cutting propagation is the main way to propagate asexual tea varieties, and it is also one of the key steps in the selection of asexual tea varieties. After cutting propagation, excellent individual plants enter the pre-selection nursery, variety comparison test, regional test, production test and other processes. However, some selected rare and excellent varieties and endangered tea resources have problems such as difficulties in breeding and promotion. For example, the Tea Institute of Lishui Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences has collected germplasm resources for many years and bred some tea varieties with excellent traits. The resources are rare and the rooting rate of cuttings is low, which makes it difficult to promote them on a large scale in suitable planting areas. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the rooting ability of the tea variety at an early stage, and then carry out corresponding technical treatment on the tea tree to improve the rooting rate of cuttings, which can greatly save maternal resources and seedling raising cycle, which is especially necessary for the selection of excellent, rare and difficult-to-propagate tea varieties. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a method for pre-judging the rooting ability of tea varieties by pre-treating tea trees in a targeted manner at an early stage, thereby improving their rooting ability.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for pre-judging the rooting ability of tea varieties, comprising the following steps:

[0005] (1) By cultivating the tea spikes collected from tea trees under the aeroponic culture mode, the germination rate and survival rate of the tea spikes were calculated, and the rooting ability of the tea tree variety was predicted in advance based on the factors affecting the season of picking spikes;

[0006] (2) The method of cultivating the tea spikes collected from tea trees under the aerosol cultivation mode is to cultivate the tea branches of tea trees under the aerosol cultivation environment in the three seasons of April to May, June to July, and September to October each year to carry out budding cultivation experiments, and to calculate the budding rate and survival rate of the tea spikes, specifically, to calculate the budding rate and survival rate of the tea spikes after the aerosol cultivation of the tea spikes for 30 days;

[0007] According to the statistical germination rate and survival rate of tea spikes in three seasons and the influencing factors of the spike picking season, the calculation is based on Y=M*X*S, where Y represents the rooting rate, which represents the rooting ability coefficient of the tea tree, M represents the germination rate of tea spikes, X represents the coefficient of seasonal influencing factors, and S represents the survival rate of tea spikes in aeroponic culture;

[0008] The germination rate of tea spikes refers to the number of tea spikes that have sprouted after the tea spikes are cut from the mother plant and cultured in an aerosol culture environment for 30 days. The germination standard of tea spikes is that the length of the buds is greater than 1 cm and the number of buds is greater than three.

[0009] Tea ear germination rate (%) = number of tea ear plants that have germinated (plants) / total number of tea ear plants cultured with aerosol (plants)

[0010] The survival rate of tea spikes in aerosol culture refers to the percentage of tea spikes that survived after being cut from the mother plant and aerosol cultured for 30 days to the total number of tea spikes cultured in aerosol culture;

[0011] Tea spike survival rate (%) = number of tea spikes that survived for 30 days (strains) / total number of tea spikes cultured with aerosol (strains)

[0012] According to research, the season has a great influence on the rooting effect of tea tree cuttings. Traditionally, tea trees are basically propagated by cuttings in three time periods: April-May, June-July, and September-October. Among them, the statistical results of the research show that the germination and rooting effect of tea spike cuttings in June-July is the best; therefore, it is defined as: April-May X influence coefficient 0.8; June-July X influence coefficient 1; September-October X influence coefficient 0.6;

[0013] (3) The tea spike germination rate and survival rate of the tea tree variety in April-May, June-July, and September-October were statistically analyzed, and finally the tea spike rooting ability coefficient was obtained;

[0014] (4) When the rooting ability coefficient of tea ears (Y) is lower than 50%, it means that the tea tree has weak potential rooting ability. When the rooting ability coefficient of tea ears (Y) is between 51% and 70%, it means that the tea tree has medium potential rooting ability. When the rooting ability coefficient of tea ears (Y) exceeds 71%, it means that the tea tree has strong potential rooting ability.

[0015] The tea spikes collected from the tea tree as described above have a length of 10-20 cm, a thickness of 3-5 mm, 5 leaves, and at least 5 buds. The end close to the fuller bud is used as the upper end of the tea spike, and the full bud is 1-2 cm away from the upper incision of the tea spike. The upper end of the tea spike is cut flat, and the lower end of the tea spike is cut at an angle of 450. The upper and lower incisions of the tea spike should be smooth and not broken. The tea spike is disinfected with 0.3% carbendazim solution for 1 min, and then rinsed with distilled water. It is not treated with any plant growth regulator, and is germinated in an aerosol culture environment. The management is consistent with the production level. The tea spike material is not treated with any plant growth regulator and is cultured in an aerosol environment.

[0016] The present invention provides a method for pre-judging the rooting ability of tea tree varieties. After pre-judging the rooting strength of the variety, in the subsequent large-scale cutting process, the tea tree can be pre-treated with corresponding technologies at an early stage according to the biological characteristics of the tea tree to improve its rooting ability. The method of the present invention is conducive to production practice, improves the rooting rate of tea tree cuttings, and can greatly save maternal resources, seedling raising cycle, etc., which is particularly necessary for selecting excellent, rare, and difficult-to-breed tea tree varieties. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is further described below by way of examples.

[0018] Embodiment: This embodiment provides a method for pre-judging the rooting ability of tea varieties, comprising the following steps:

[0019] (1) By cultivating the tea spikes collected from tea trees under the aeroponic culture mode, the germination rate and survival rate of the tea spikes were calculated, and the rooting ability of the tea tree variety was predicted in advance based on the factors affecting the season of picking spikes;

[0020] (2) The method of cultivating the tea spikes collected from tea trees under the aerosol cultivation mode is to cultivate the tea branches of tea trees under the aerosol cultivation environment in the three seasons of April to May, June to July, and September to October each year to carry out budding cultivation experiments, and to calculate the budding rate and survival rate of the tea spikes, specifically, to calculate the budding rate and survival rate of the tea spikes after the aerosol cultivation of the tea spikes for 30 days;

[0021] According to the statistical germination rate and survival rate of tea spikes in three seasons and the influencing factors of the spike picking season, the calculation is based on Y=M*X*S, where Y represents the rooting rate, which represents the rooting ability coefficient of the tea tree, M represents the germination rate of tea spikes, X represents the coefficient of seasonal influencing factors, and S represents the survival rate of tea spikes in aeroponic culture;

[0022] The germination rate of tea spikes refers to the number of tea spikes that have sprouted after the tea spikes are cut from the mother plant and cultured in an aerosol culture environment for 30 days. The germination standard of tea spikes is that the length of the buds is greater than 1 cm and the number of buds is greater than three.

[0023] Tea ear germination rate (%) = number of tea ear plants that have germinated (plants) / total number of tea ear plants cultured with aerosol (plants)

[0024] The survival rate of tea spikes in aerosol culture refers to the percentage of tea spikes that survived after being cut from the mother plant and aerosol cultured for 30 days to the total number of tea spikes cultured in aerosol culture;

[0025] Tea spike survival rate (%) = number of tea spikes that survived in 30 days (strains) / total number of tea spikes in aeroponic culture (strains)

[0026] According to research, the season has a great influence on the rooting effect of tea tree cuttings. Traditionally, tea trees are basically propagated by cuttings in three time periods: April-May, June-July, and September-October. Among them, the statistical results of the research show that the germination and rooting effect of tea spike cuttings in June-July is the best; therefore, it is defined as: April-May X influence coefficient 0.8; June-July X influence coefficient 1; September-October X influence coefficient 0.6;

[0027] (3) The tea spike germination rate and survival rate of the tea tree variety in April-May, June-July, and September-October were statistically analyzed, and finally the tea spike rooting ability coefficient was obtained;

[0028] (4) When the rooting ability coefficient of tea ears (Y) is lower than 50%, it means that the tea tree has weak potential rooting ability. When the rooting ability coefficient of tea ears (Y) is between 51% and 70%, it means that the tea tree has medium potential rooting ability. When the rooting ability coefficient of tea ears (Y) exceeds 71%, it means that the tea tree has strong potential rooting ability.

[0029] The tea spikes collected from the tea tree as described above have a length of 10-20 cm, a thickness of 3-5 mm, 5 leaves, and at least 5 buds. The end close to the fuller bud is used as the upper end of the tea spike, and the full bud is 1-2 cm away from the upper incision of the tea spike. The upper end of the tea spike is cut flat, and the lower end of the tea spike is cut at an angle of 450. The upper and lower incisions of the tea spike should be smooth and not broken. The tea spike is disinfected with 0.3% carbendazim solution for 1 min, and then rinsed with distilled water. It is not treated with any plant growth regulator, and is germinated in an aerosol culture environment. The management is consistent with the production level. The tea spike material is not treated with any plant growth regulator and is cultured in an aerosol environment.

[0030] The following implementation data were obtained when implementing specific tea varieties:

[0031] Implementation data 1: When a tea tree variety (line) A was cultured with aeroponics from April to May, the germination rate of tea spikes (M) was 40.3% after 30 days, the impact factor coefficient in April (X) was 0.8, and the survival rate (S) of tea spikes after 30 days of aeroponics culture was 70.3%. As a result, it can be estimated that the rooting ability coefficient (Y) of this variety is 22.7%; the germination rate of tea spikes (M) was 60.8% after 30 days of aeroponics culture from June to July, the impact factor coefficient (X) was 1.0 in June and July, and the survival rate (S) of tea spikes after 30 days of aeroponics culture was 80.2%. As a result, it can be estimated that the rooting ability coefficient (Y) of this variety is 48.8%; the aeroponics culture was carried out from September to October, the germination rate of tea spikes (M) was 52.7% after 30 days, the impact factor coefficient (X) in September and October was 0.6, and the survival rate (S) of tea spikes after 30 days of aeroponics culture was 79.4%. As a result, it can be estimated that the rooting ability coefficient (Y) of this variety is 32.2%.

[0032] The average value (Y) of the estimated average rooting ability coefficient of tea tree spikes in the three seasons of aeroponic culture is 32.2%. When the rooting rate (Y) is lower than 50%, it means that the rooting ability of the tea tree is weak. We can preliminarily judge that the potential rooting ability of this tea variety is weak. When we are preparing for large-scale cuttings of this variety, we must pre-treat the tea trees in advance, such as shading the tea trees, using growth regulators, and treating the spikes before cuttings.

[0033] Implementation data 2: When the tea spike germination rate (M) of a tea tree variety (line) B is 55.2% at 30 days in April-May, the influence factor coefficient (X) in April-May is 0.8, and the survival rate (S) of tea spikes after 30 days of aeroponic culture is 85.3%, the rooting ability coefficient (Y) of this variety can be estimated to be 37.6%; in aeroponic culture in June-July, the tea spike germination rate (M) is 88.4% at 30 days, and the influence factor coefficient (X) in June-July is 1 .0, the survival rate of tea ears after 30 days of aeroponic culture (S) was 95.2%, and the rooting ability coefficient (Y) of this variety can be estimated to be 84.2%; aeroponic culture from September to October, the germination rate of tea ears after 30 days (M) was 65.5%, the influencing factor coefficient (X) from September to October was 0.6, and the survival rate of tea ears after 30 days of aeroponic culture (S) was 90.2%, and the rooting ability coefficient (Y) of this variety can be estimated to be 35.5%.

[0034] The average value (Y) of the estimated average rooting ability coefficient of tea tree tea spikes in three seasons of aeroponic culture is 52.5%. According to the rooting rate (Y) between 51% and 70%, it means that the rooting ability of tea trees is medium. We can preliminarily judge that the potential rooting ability of this tea tree variety is medium. When we are preparing for large-scale cuttings of this variety, we can just carry out appropriate pretreatment.

[0035] Implementation data 3: When a certain C tea tree variety (line) was cultured with aeroponics from April to May, the germination rate of tea ears (M) was 91.8% at 30 days, the influencing factor coefficient (X) in April was 0.8, and the survival rate of tea ears within 30 days of aeroponics culture (S) was 93.5%. As a result, it can be estimated that the rooting ability coefficient (Y) of this variety is 68.7%; when cultured with aeroponics from June to July, the germination rate of tea ears (M) was 95.6% at 30 days, the influencing factor coefficient (X) from June to July was 1.0, and the survival rate of tea ears within 30 days of aeroponics culture (S) was 98.7%. As a result, it can be estimated that the rooting ability coefficient (Y) of this variety is 94.4%; when cultured with aeroponics from September to October, the germination rate of tea ears (M) was 93.5% at 30 days, the influencing factor coefficient (X) from September to October was 0.6, and the survival rate of tea ears within 30 days of aeroponics culture was 93.4%. As a result, it can be estimated that the rooting ability coefficient (Y) of this variety is 52.1%.

[0036] The average value (Y) of the estimated average rooting ability coefficient of tea spikes in the three seasons of aeroponic culture is 72.3%. When the rooting ability coefficient (Y) exceeds 71%, it means that the tea tree has strong rooting ability. We can preliminarily judge that the potential rooting ability of this tea variety is strong (relatively strong). We are preparing for large-scale cuttings of this variety. We can directly collect spikes for cuttings in the three seasons of April-May, June-July, and September-October. We only need to properly handle the tea spikes.

Claims

1. A method for pre-judging the rooting ability of tea varieties, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) By cultivating the tea spikes collected from tea trees under the aeroponic culture mode, the germination rate and survival rate of the tea spikes were calculated, and the rooting ability of the tea tree varieties was predicted in advance based on the factors affecting the season of picking spikes; (2) The method of culturing tea spikes collected from tea trees in an aerosol culture mode is to culture tea branches from tea trees in an aerosol culture environment in the three seasons of April to May, June to July, and September to October each year to carry out a bud culture test, and to calculate the budding rate and survival rate of tea spikes, specifically, to calculate the budding rate and survival rate of tea spikes after the tea spikes have been cultured for 30 days; According to the statistical germination rate and survival rate of tea spikes in three seasons and the influencing factors of the picking season, the calculation is based on Y=M*X*S, where Y represents the rooting rate, which represents the rooting ability coefficient of the tea tree, M represents the germination rate of tea spikes, X represents the coefficient of seasonal influencing factors, and S represents the survival rate of tea spikes in aeroponic culture; The germination rate of tea spikes refers to the number of tea spikes that have sprouted after the tea spikes are cut from the mother plant and cultured in an aerosol culture environment for 30 days. The germination standard of tea spikes is that the length of the buds is greater than 1 cm and the number of buds is greater than three. Tea ear germination rate % = number of tea ears that have sprouted / total number of tea ears in aerosol culture The survival rate of tea spikes in aerosol culture refers to the percentage of tea spikes that survived after being cut from the mother plant and aerosol cultured for 30 days to the total number of tea spikes cultured in aerosol culture; Tea spike survival rate % = number of tea spikes surviving in 30 days / total number of tea spikes cultured in aerosol culture Among them: the X impact coefficient from April to May is 0.8; the X impact coefficient from June to July is 1; the X impact coefficient from September to October is 0.6; (3) analyzing the tea spike germination rate and survival rate of the tea tree variety in April-May, June-July, and September-October, and finally obtaining the tea spike rooting ability coefficient; (4) When the rooting ability coefficient Y of the tea ear is lower than 50%, it indicates that the tea tree has a weak potential rooting ability; when the rooting ability coefficient Y of the tea ear is between 51% and 70%, it indicates that the tea tree has a medium potential rooting ability; when the rooting ability coefficient Y of the tea ear exceeds 71%, it indicates that the tea tree has a strong potential rooting ability.