Methods, devices, electronic equipment, and storage media for estimating the frequency of surface micro-waves

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for estimating the frequency of a water surface micro-wave, which is applied to the field of communication technology, and includes: collecting a radar echo signal, which is obtained by applying a radar to the water surface to detect the water surface micro-wave generated by an underwater sound source, extracting phase information from the radar echo signal, and using a nonlinear least squares criterion to obtain the frequency of the water surface micro-wave based on the phase information. The present application also discloses a water surface micro-wave frequency estimation device, an electronic device, and a storage medium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-amplitude waves. Background Art

[0002] Cross-medium communication is the basis of many important applications, especially in the field of underwater resource exploration and biological population monitoring. Surface micro-wave frequency detection is the key to cross-medium communication. Underwater sound source information can be inverted through surface micro-wave frequency information. However, the extraction of surface micro-wave frequency information encounters many challenges in practical environments, such as low resolution and non-stationarity. These problems will lead to inaccurate estimation of surface micro-wave frequency.

[0003] In recent years, some research groups have used traditional periodograms (FFT) to estimate the frequency of micro-waves on the water surface based on their own radar prototypes. However, the periodogram method has the essential problems of tailing and spectrum leakage. The tailing will not be able to separate two similar signals, and the spectrum leakage will cause the sidelobes of the strong signal to overwhelm the weak signal, making the periodogram often unable to obtain accurate micro-vibration spectrum estimation results. At the same time, the periodogram method is not suitable for non-stationary signals. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-waves, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a method for estimating the frequency of a water surface micro-amplitude wave, comprising:

[0006] The method for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-waves is characterized by comprising:

[0007] Collecting radar echo signals, wherein the radar echo signals are obtained by applying a radar to the water surface to detect water surface micro-amplitude waves generated by underwater sound sources;

[0008] Extracting phase information from the radar echo signal;

[0009] The frequency of the water surface micro-wave is obtained based on the phase information by utilizing a nonlinear least squares criterion.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, extracting the phase information from the radar echo signal includes:

[0011] Performing pulse compression processing on the radar echo signal to obtain scattering intensity information of each range gate;

[0012] Selecting a target range gate according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate, wherein the target range gate contains surface microwave vibration information;

[0013] Accumulating a plurality of continuous radar echo signals within the target range gate to obtain accumulated data;

[0014] Phase extraction is performed on the accumulated data to obtain phase information of the radar echo signal.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the obtaining of the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave based on the phase information by using the nonlinear least squares criterion includes:

[0016]

[0017] Wherein, y(n) is the phase information, N is the number of sampling points of the radar echo signal, n={1, 2, ..., N}, a k is the complex amplitude of the kth water surface micro-wave, f k is the frequency of the kth water surface micro-wave, and e(n) is the complex Gaussian noise.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, before performing phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain the phase information of the radar echo signal, the method includes:

[0019] Obtaining the frequency range of the signal sent by the underwater source;

[0020] The accumulated data is filtered according to the frequency range.

[0021] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a water surface micro-wave frequency estimation device, comprising:

[0022] A collection module, used for collecting radar echo signals, wherein the radar echo signals are obtained by applying a radar to the water surface to detect the water surface micro-waves generated by underwater sound sources;

[0023] An extraction module, used to extract phase information from the radar echo signal;

[0024] The calculation module is used to obtain the frequency of the water surface micro-wave based on the phase information by using a nonlinear least squares criterion.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the extraction module includes:

[0026] A pulse processing submodule, used to perform pulse compression processing on the radar echo signal to obtain scattering intensity information of each range gate;

[0027] A selection submodule, used to select a target range gate according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate, wherein the target range gate contains surface microwave vibration information;

[0028] An accumulation submodule, used for accumulating a plurality of continuous radar echo signals within the target range gate to obtain accumulated data;

[0029] The phase extraction submodule is used to perform phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain phase information of the radar echo signal.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the calculation module is implemented using the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] Wherein, y(n) is the phase information, N is the number of sampling points of the radar echo signal, n={1, 2, ..., N}, a k is the complex amplitude of the kth water surface micro-wave, f k is the frequency of the kth water surface micro-wave, and e(n) is the complex Gaussian noise.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the device further includes:

[0034] An acquisition module, used to acquire the frequency range of the signal sent by the underwater source;

[0035] A filtering module is used to filter the accumulated data according to the frequency range.

[0036] A third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an electronic device, including:

[0037] A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-waves provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application when executing the program.

[0038] A fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-amplitude waves provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application is implemented.

[0039] It can be seen from the above embodiments of the present application that the surface micro-wave frequency estimation method, device, electronic device and storage medium provided by the present application can achieve a smaller frequency interval time, thereby improving the cross-medium communication rate. When the underwater sound source frequency simultaneously sends two signals with a large frequency difference, since the amplitude of the surface micro-wave is inversely proportional to the frequency, it is verified that when a strong signal covers a weak signal, the surface micro-wave frequency estimation method disclosed in the present invention is superior to the existing method, and still has the ability to effectively detect weak signals, and can achieve a smaller detectable frequency range, thereby improving the frequency point utilization rate of underwater narrow bands. At the same time, combined with the generalized inner product principle, the intervals of different frequency signals can be realized, which is suitable for processing non-stationary signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-waves provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 The estimation results of the periodogram method and the disclosed method provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG3( a ) is a traditional periodogram estimation result proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] FIG3( b ) is a traditional RELAX algorithm estimation result proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] FIG3( c ) is a result of estimating the frequency of micro-waves on the water surface proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] FIG4( a ) is a traditional periodogram estimation result proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] FIG4( b ) is a result of estimating the frequency of micro-amplitude waves on the water surface proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a water surface micro-wave frequency estimation device provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1A flow chart of a method for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-waves provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided. The method can be applied to electronic devices, including: mobile phones, tablet computers, laptops, smart watches, smart glasses and other electronic devices that can process data on the move, as well as desktop computers, all-in-one machines, smart TVs and other electronic devices that cannot process data on the move. The method mainly includes the following steps:

[0052] S101, collecting radar echo signals, where the radar echo signals are obtained by applying a radar to the water surface to detect water surface micro-waves generated by underwater sound sources.

[0053] In the present disclosure, the transmission information is encoded with sound source information, and the coding modulation method can adopt KOO, QPSK, OFDM, etc., and then the transmission information is converted into audio information and transmitted through the underwater sound source.

[0054] In the present disclosure, water surface data is acquired by an electromagnetic wave sensing device (such as a millimeter wave radar), and the water surface data includes scene information within the operating range of the electromagnetic wave sensing device.

[0055] S102: Extract phase information from the radar echo signal.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, operation S102 extracts the phase information in the radar echo signal, including: performing pulse compression processing on the radar echo signal to obtain scattering intensity information of each range gate; selecting a target range gate according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate, the target range gate containing surface microwave vibration information; accumulating multiple continuous radar echo signals in the target range gate to obtain accumulated data; performing phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain the phase information of the radar echo signal. It can be understood that the signal of the underwater sound source exciting the water surface vibration is contained in the phase.

[0057] In the present disclosure, a range gate containing surface microwave vibration information is selected based on the scattering intensity information of each range gate after pulse compression. When the actual scene is more complicated, other auxiliary equipment (such as an altimeter) can be used to obtain the range gate of the surface microwave vibration information.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, before extracting the phase of the accumulated data to obtain the phase information of the radar echo signal, the method includes: obtaining the frequency range of the signal sent by the underwater source, and filtering the accumulated data according to the frequency range. The construction of the filter can be determined by the surface microwave characteristics caused by the underwater sound source.

[0059] S103, using a nonlinear least squares criterion and based on the phase information, obtaining the frequency of the water surface micro-wave.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, operation S103 uses a nonlinear least squares criterion to obtain the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave based on the phase information, including:

[0061]

[0062] Wherein, y(n) is the phase information, N is the number of sampling points of the radar echo signal, n={1, 2, ..., N}, a k is the complex amplitude of the kth water surface micro-wave, f k is the frequency of the kth water surface micro-wave, and e(n) is the complex Gaussian noise.

[0063] In the present disclosure, the nonlinear least squares criterion can be obtained:

[0064]

[0065] in,

[0066] Assuming that the amplitude, frequency and other parameters of the first p water surface micro-amplitude waves have been estimated, the remaining signals including the pth water surface micro-amplitude wave signal can be expressed as:

[0067]

[0068] Combining equation (3) and minimizing equation (2), we can get the estimated value of the pth water surface micro-wave signal parameter:

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] The convergence of the above formula is mainly determined by the difference between two iterations of formula (5), when it is less than a preset threshold.

[0072] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for estimating the frequency of water micro-waves provided by the present disclosure can achieve a smaller frequency interval time, thereby improving the cross-medium communication rate. When the underwater sound source frequency simultaneously sends two signals with a large frequency difference, since the amplitude of the surface micro-wave is inversely proportional to the frequency, it is verified that when a strong signal masks a weak signal, the surface micro-wave frequency estimation method disclosed in the present disclosure is superior to the existing method, and still has the ability to effectively detect weak signals, and can achieve a smaller detectable frequency range, thereby improving the frequency point utilization rate of underwater narrowbands. At the same time, combined with the generalized inner product principle, the intervals of different frequency signals can be realized, so that it is suitable for processing non-stationary signals.

[0073] In one example, the experimental system uses Ka-band millimeter wave radar to measure the vibration displacement generated by the water surface. Figure 2The estimated results of the periodogram method and the method disclosed in this disclosure. The frequency of the sound source sent underwater is 130Hz. If a complete sinusoidal waveform is to be obtained, the sampling time needs to reach 1 / 130≈0.0077s. Both the first and second groups cannot reach a complete waveform sampling time. The estimation results of the two methods have large errors. The sampling duration of the third group is 0.01s. The estimated result of the periodogram method is 125.9Hz, with an error of 3.15%. The estimated result of the method disclosed in this disclosure is 129.7Hz, with an estimated error of 0.23%. The estimated result of the method disclosed in this disclosure is better than the periodogram method. Due to the long duration of a single frequency in the fourth and fifth groups, the frequency estimated by the periodogram method is 129.7Hz, and the frequency estimated by the method disclosed in this disclosure is 130Hz. The frequency estimation results of the two are basically the same. The fewer the sampling points, the more accurate the frequency estimation, that is, the shorter the duration of a single frequency point in the frequency coding of the underwater sound source, the faster the cross-medium communication rate.

[0074] FIG3(a) is an estimation result of a traditional periodogram method proposed in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG3(b) is an estimation result of a traditional RELAX algorithm proposed in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG3(c) is an estimation result of a water surface micro-wave frequency estimation method proposed in an embodiment of the present invention (i.e., the disclosed method in the figure). Figure 3(a)-Figure 3(c) In order to verify whether the weak signal of the surface micro-wave can still monitor the surface micro-wave signal under the cover of the strong signal. Therefore, an underwater Lu source is set to send two signals of different frequencies (130Hz and 400Hz) at the same time. Since the amplitude is inversely proportional to the frequency, the amplitude of the 130Hz micro-wave is greater than the amplitude of the 400Hz signal. The periodogram estimation result shows that the 130Hz signal has a large side lobe, and its amplitude is greater than the amplitude of the 400Hz signal. The frequency of the 400Hz signal may be missed by selecting the frequency based on the maximum amplitude principle; the method disclosed in this disclosure estimates the maximum amplitude signal first, and subtracts the estimated signal from the original basis, but the side lobe of the 130Hz signal is greater than the main lobe of the 400Hz signal, so the next estimation result is the frequency of the first side lobe 144Hz, and the estimation result is incorrect; the method disclosed in this disclosure performs windowing processing on the signal in advance, which reduces the side lobe of the signal, so the estimated results are 130Hz and 400Hz, which are consistent with the underwater sound source transmission signal.

[0075] Figure 4(a) is the estimation result of the traditional periodogram method proposed in an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 4(b) is the estimation result of the surface micro-wave frequency estimation method proposed in an embodiment of the present invention (i.e., the method disclosed in the figure); Figure 4 verifies the minimum frequency interval, using a pulse repetition of 50KHz and a pulse width of 20μs. The frequency of the underwater sound source is set to start from 100Hz, and increase by 3Hz every 0.1s. The detected micro-wave signal is estimated using the periodogram method and the surface micro-wave frequency estimation. The surface micro-wave frequency estimation method provided by the present invention successfully separates two signals of different frequencies, and the estimated results are 100.022Hz and 102.996Hz, respectively, which are consistent with the actual transmission frequency.

[0076] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 : is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water surface micro-wave frequency estimation device provided by another embodiment of the present application. The device can be built into an electronic device, and the device mainly includes:

[0077] The acquisition module 510 is used to acquire radar echo signals, which are obtained by applying a radar to the water surface to detect the water surface micro-waves generated by underwater sound sources;

[0078] An extraction module 520, used to extract phase information from the radar echo signal;

[0079] The calculation module 530 is used to obtain the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave based on the phase information by using a nonlinear least squares criterion.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the extraction module 520 includes:

[0081] The pulse processing submodule is used to perform pulse compression processing on the radar echo signal to obtain the scattering intensity information of each range gate;

[0082] A selection submodule is used to select a target range gate according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate, and the target range gate contains surface microwave vibration information;

[0083] An accumulation submodule, used for accumulating a plurality of continuous radar echo signals within the target range gate to obtain accumulated data;

[0084] The phase extraction submodule is used to perform phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain the phase information of the radar echo signal.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the calculation module 530 is implemented using the following formula:

[0086]

[0087] Wherein, y(n) is the phase information, N is the number of sampling points of the radar echo signal, n={1, 2, ..., N}, a k is the complex amplitude of the kth water surface micro-wave, f k is the frequency of the kth water surface micro-wave, and e(n) is the complex Gaussian noise.

[0088] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the device further includes:

[0089] An acquisition module, used to acquire the frequency range of the signal sent by the underwater source;

[0090] The filtering module is used to filter the accumulated data according to the frequency range.

[0091] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 A hardware structure diagram of an electronic device is shown.

[0092] The electronic device described in this embodiment includes:

[0093] The memory 41, the processor 42 and the computer program stored in the memory 41 and executable on the processor, when the processor executes the program, the aforementioned Figure 1 The method for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-waves described in the illustrated embodiment.

[0094] Furthermore, the electronic device also includes:

[0095] At least one input device 43 ; at least one output device 44 .

[0096] The memory 41 , processor 42 , input device 43 and output device 44 are connected via a bus 45 .

[0097] The input device 43 may be a camera, a touch panel, a physical button or a mouse, etc. The output device 44 may be a display screen.

[0098] The memory 41 may be a high-speed random access memory (RAM) memory or a non-volatile memory, such as a disk memory. The memory 41 is used to store a set of executable program codes, and the processor 42 is coupled to the memory 41 .

[0099] Furthermore, the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be disposed in the electronic device in the above embodiments. Figure 6The electronic device in the embodiment shown. The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, implements the aforementioned Figure 1 The water surface micro-wave frequency estimation method described in the illustrated embodiment. Further, the computer storage medium may also be a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.

[0100] It should be noted that the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated modules may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules.

[0101] If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product.

[0102] It should be noted that, for the convenience of description, the aforementioned method embodiments are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present invention is not limited by the described action sequence, because according to the present invention, certain steps can be performed in other sequences or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.

[0103] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0104] The above is a description of a method, device, electronic device and readable storage medium for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-waves provided by the present invention. For those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the embodiments of the present invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-waves, characterized in that: include: Collecting radar echo signals, wherein the radar echo signals are obtained by applying a radar to the water surface to detect water surface micro-waves generated by underwater sound sources; Extracting the phase information from the radar echo signal includes: performing pulse compression processing on the radar echo signal to obtain scattering intensity information of each range gate; selecting a target range gate according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate, wherein the target range gate contains surface microwave vibration information; accumulating a plurality of continuous radar echo signals within the target range gate to obtain accumulated data; performing phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain the phase information of the radar echo signal; Using a nonlinear least squares criterion, based on the phase information, the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave is obtained, including: ； in, is the phase information, is the number of sampling points of the radar echo signal, n={1, 2, ..., N}, For the The complex amplitude of the water surface micro-wave, For the The frequency of the water surface micro-waves, is complex Gaussian noise.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before extracting the phase of the accumulated data to obtain the phase information of the radar echo signal, the method includes: Obtaining the frequency range of the signal sent by the underwater source; The accumulated data is filtered according to the frequency range.

3. A water surface micro-wave frequency estimation device, characterized in that: include: A collection module, used for collecting radar echo signals, wherein the radar echo signals are obtained by applying a radar to the water surface to detect the water surface micro-waves generated by underwater sound sources; An extraction module is used to extract phase information from the radar echo signal; the extraction module includes: a pulse processing submodule, used to perform pulse compression processing on the radar echo signal to obtain scattering intensity information of each range gate; a selection submodule, used to select a target range gate according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate, wherein the target range gate contains surface microwave vibration information; an accumulation submodule, used to accumulate multiple continuous radar echo signals within the target range gate to obtain accumulated data; a phase extraction submodule, used to perform phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain phase information of the radar echo signal; The calculation module is used to obtain the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave based on the phase information by using a nonlinear least squares criterion. The calculation module is implemented by the following formula: ； in, is the phase information, is the number of sampling points of the radar echo signal, n={1, 2, ..., N}, For the The complex amplitude of the water surface micro-wave, For the The frequency of the water surface micro-waves, is complex Gaussian noise.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The device also includes: An acquisition module, used to acquire the frequency range of the signal sent by the underwater source; A filtering module is used to filter the accumulated data according to the frequency range.

5. An electronic device comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, each step of the method for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-amplitude waves as described in any one of claims 1 to 2 is implemented.

6. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, each step of the method for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-amplitude waves as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2 is implemented.

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