An in vitro universal orienter for blind locking of intramedullary nails in limb fractures

Abstract

The present invention provides an in vitro universal orienter for blind locking of intramedullary nails for limb fractures, relating to the technical field of medical devices, comprising: an intramedullary nail, wherein the intramedullary nail is fixedly installed inside the bone at the fracture site of the patient, a positioning frame of a positioning module can freely change the use position, thereby being able to rotate along the axial position of the intramedullary nail to change the use and positioning position, and at the same time the guiding direction of the guide module can also be freely changed, and when the guiding of the guide module is adjusted, rapid coarse adjustment and precise fine adjustment operations can be achieved, and the use is convenient, and at the same time the positioning component can also be adapted to the matching treatment use with different intramedullary nails, thereby solving the problem that the position of the guide hole groove inside the proximal guide rod of the existing intramedullary nail orienter is fixed, one type of proximal guide rod can only be fixed and used with the intramedullary nail matched therewith, and different intramedullary needles require different types of proximal guide rods when in use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to an in vitro universal orienter for blind locking of intramedullary nails for limb fractures. Background Art

[0002] At present, intramedullary nail fixation is needed to treat patients with limb fractures. Intramedullary nail fixation is a surgery in which a medullary nail of appropriate size and length is inserted into the bone marrow cavity on both sides of the fracture end to fix the fracture. During intramedullary nail fixation treatment, a director is needed to fix the intramedullary nail and other medical devices inside the bone of the patient's affected area.

[0003] However, as far as the current intramedullary nail director is concerned, the position of the guide hole groove inside the rod body of the proximal guide rod is fixed, so that one type of proximal guide rod can only be fixed and used with the intramedullary nail that matches it. Different intramedullary needles require different types of proximal guide rods when used, which is inconvenient to use, has poor adaptability, and is not practical. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an in vitro universal orienter for blind locking of intramedullary nails for limb fractures, which has a positioning component, wherein the positioning frame of the positioning module can freely change the use position, so that it can be rotated along the axial position of the intramedullary nail to change the use and positioning position, and the guiding direction of the guide module can also be freely changed, and when the guiding direction of the guide module is adjusted, fast coarse adjustment and precise fine adjustment operations can be achieved, and it is easy to use. At the same time, through the positioning component, it can also be adapted to the matching treatment use with different intramedullary nails, and it has strong flexibility, adaptability and practicality.

[0005] The present invention provides an in vitro universal orienter for blind locking of intramedullary nails for limb fractures, specifically comprising: an intramedullary nail, which is fixedly installed inside the bone at the fracture site of the patient; an orienting component, which is composed of a positioning module and a guiding module, the positioning module comprising a mounting frame, an adjusting ring and a positioning frame, the mounting frame is fixedly installed at one end of the intramedullary nail, and the adjusting ring is fixedly installed on the side of the mounting frame, and the positioning frame is plugged into the side of the adjusting ring; the guiding module comprises a positioning block, a functional rod and a guiding block, the positioning block is plugged into the outside of the positioning frame, and the functional rod is plugged into the inside of the positioning block, and the guiding block is rotatably connected to the inside of the positioning block.

[0006] Optionally, the adjusting ring is designed as a semicircular ring body, and the axis position of the adjusting ring and the axis position of the intramedullary nail are on the same straight line.

[0007] Optionally, a track groove is provided inside the adjustment ring, and the frame shape of the positioning frame is "U"-shaped, the positioning frame is composed of an adjustment block and a retaining frame, and a track block is provided inside the adjustment block, the track block is inserted into the track groove, and the adjustment block is positioned and installed on the outside of the adjustment ring by a positioning screw.

[0008] Optionally, two symmetrical “L”-shaped positioning plates are provided at the front end of the positioning block, and the positioning plates are plugged into the outside of the retaining frame, and the positioning plates are positioned and installed on the outside of the retaining frame through guide screws.

[0009] Optionally, a guide groove is provided inside the guide block, and a fan-shaped avoidance groove is provided inside the block body of the positioning block.

[0010] Optionally, a locking gear is provided at the bottom of the functional rod, and a locking top spring is provided inside the locking gear, and two ends of the locking top spring respectively abut against the inside of the locking gear and the inside of the top rotating shaft of the guide block.

[0011] Optionally, a synchronous locking mechanism is installed inside the positioning block, and the synchronous locking mechanism consists of a locking worm gear and an adjusting worm. The locking worm gear is rotationally connected to the inside of the positioning block, and the adjusting worm gear is rotationally connected to the inside of the positioning block, and the locking worm gear and the adjusting worm gear are transmission connected.

[0012] Optionally, the top shaft of the guide block is rotatably connected to the inside of the locking worm gear, and a synchronous tooth groove is provided inside the guide block, and the bottom of the locking gear is inserted into the inside of the synchronous tooth groove.

[0013] Optionally, a locking tooth groove is provided inside the locking worm gear, and the top of the locking gear is inserted into the locking tooth groove.

[0014] Beneficial Effects

[0015] When the device is in use, the positioning frame of the positioning module can freely change the use position, so that it can be rotated along the axial position of the intramedullary nail to change the use and positioning position. At the same time, the guiding direction of the guide module can also be freely changed, and when the guiding direction of the guide module is adjusted, rapid coarse adjustment and precise fine adjustment operations can be achieved. It is easy to use, and through the positioning component, it can also be adapted to the use of different intramedullary nails for treatment, thereby improving the flexibility, adaptability and practicality of the device.

[0016] In addition, the track block of the adjustment block can rotate freely inside the track groove to change the use position, and the use position of the adjustment block can be positioned by the positioning screw, thereby realizing the needs of positioning and changing the use position of the positioning frame. At the same time, the design that the axial position of the adjustment ring is on the same straight line as the axial position of the intramedullary nail makes it possible to guide, open holes and install various fixing devices through the guide module when the positioning frame changes its use position. It is flexible and convenient to use, and multiple sets of positioning modules can be installed to realize the positioning of medical operations on the reserved installation holes in different directions and angles inside the intramedullary nail through the guide module, which has strong adaptability.

[0017] In addition, the guide block of the guide module can realize the function of rotating inside the positioning block to adjust the use angle and positioning guide angle through the functional rod, thereby realizing the guiding effect on medical devices such as sleeves and drill bits. At the same time, the use position of the guide module on the retaining frame can also be adjusted through the guide screw, which can adapt to the guidance of the reserved installation holes with different inclination angles of the intramedullary nail. The same guide module can also be set in multiple groups on the frame of the retaining frame for guiding use, which further facilitates various medical operations during fracture treatment. At the same time, it can also adapt to the use with different types of intramedullary nails, further improving the adaptability of the device.

[0018] In addition, the guide block has two adjustment modes: fast coarse adjustment and precise fine adjustment. When the device is in the reset state, it is in the precise fine adjustment mode, and the device can automatically lock the use state of the guide block in the reset state. When the device is in the reset state, the locking gear is synchronously located inside the locking tooth groove and the synchronous tooth groove. The locking worm wheel and the adjusting worm have the characteristics of one-way transmission, so that the guide block will not accidentally move and change the guide angle when in use. When it is necessary to fine-tune the use guide angle of the guide block, the function of adjusting the guide angle of the guide block can only be achieved by rotating the adjusting worm. When the adjusting worm is rotated, the adjusting worm can drive the locking worm wheel to rotate. When the locking worm wheel rotates, the locking tooth groove drives the locking gear to rotate synchronously. When the locking gear rotates, it can drive the guide block to rotate through the synchronous tooth groove to change the guide direction of the guide groove. It is easy to use, accurate to adjust, and stable to use.

[0019] In addition, the guide block of the device also has the function of quick coarse adjustment, which is convenient for quickly positioning the use angle of the guide block. When the function lever is pressed, the top of the locking gear disengages from the inside of the locking tooth groove. Therefore, when the function lever is turned at this time, the locking gear can drive the guide block to quickly rotate and adjust the guide direction and angle through the synchronous tooth groove, which is convenient and fast. After the adjustment is completed and the function lever is released, the locking gear can automatically reset and restore the locking state of the guide block under the action of the locking top spring, so as to continue to fine-tune or locate the guide direction of the guide block by adjusting the worm, which is convenient for the doctor's treatment operation, stable to use, and convenient and quick to adjust. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiment are briefly introduced below.

[0021] The drawings described below are only related to some embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] In the attached picture:

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram on the left side of the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure inside the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the structure of the guide module after disassembly of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning module after disassembly is shown;

[0028] Figure 6 It shows a schematic structural diagram of the invention after the reserved hole of the intramedullary nail is oriented;

[0029] Figure 7 The present invention is shown Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the enlarged part A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 8 The present invention is shown Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B in the middle.

[0031] Reference numerals list

[0032] 1. Intramedullary nail; 2. Positioning module; 201. Mounting frame; 202. Adjusting ring; 2021. Track groove; 203. Positioning frame; 231. Adjusting block; 2311. Track block; 2312. Positioning screw; 232. Retaining frame; 3. Guide module; 301. Positioning block; 3011. Positioning plate; 30111. Guide screw; 3012. Avoidance groove; 302. Functional rod; 3021. Locking gear; 3022. Locking top spring; 303. Guide block; 3031. Guide groove; 3032. Synchronous tooth groove; 4. Synchronous locking mechanism; 401. Locking worm wheel; 4011. Locking tooth groove; 402. Adjusting worm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, scheme and advantages of the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings of the specific embodiments of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the terms used herein have the usual meanings in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same components.

[0034] Example: Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 :

[0035] The present invention proposes an in vitro universal orienter for blind locking of intramedullary nails for limb fractures, comprising: an intramedullary nail 1, which is fixedly installed inside the bone of the patient's fracture site; an orienting assembly, which is composed of a positioning module 2 and a guiding module 3, wherein the positioning module 2 comprises a mounting frame 201, an adjusting ring 202 and a positioning frame 203, wherein the mounting frame 201 is fixedly installed at one end of the intramedullary nail 1, and the adjusting ring 202 is fixedly installed on the side of the mounting frame 201, and the positioning frame 203 is plugged into the side of the adjusting ring 202; the guiding module 3 comprises a positioning block 301, a function block 302 and a positioning block 303. The function rod 302, the guide block 303, and the positioning block 301 are inserted into the outside of the positioning frame 203, and the function rod 302 is inserted into the inside of the positioning block 301, and the guide block 303 is rotatably connected to the inside of the positioning block 301; a synchronous locking mechanism 4 is installed inside the positioning block 301, and the synchronous locking mechanism 4 consists of a locking worm gear 401 and an adjusting worm 402, the locking worm gear 401 is rotatably connected to the inside of the positioning block 301, and the adjusting worm 402 is rotatably connected to the inside of the positioning block 301, and the locking worm gear 401 and the adjusting worm 402 are transmission connected.

[0036] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the interior of the adjusting ring 202 is provided with a track groove 2021, and the frame shape of the positioning frame 203 is "U"-shaped. The positioning frame 203 is composed of an adjusting block 231 and a retaining frame 232, and the interior of the adjusting block 231 is provided with a track block 2311, the track block 2311 is inserted into the interior of the track groove 2021, and the adjusting block 231 is positioned and installed on the outside of the adjusting ring 202 through a positioning screw 2312. In use, the track block 2311 of the adjusting block 231 can be freely rotated inside the track groove 2021 to change the use position, and the use position of the adjusting block 231 can be positioned by the positioning screw 2312, so that The need for positioning and changing the use position of the positioning frame 203 is realized. The adjusting ring 202 is designed as a semicircular ring body, and the axial position of the adjusting ring 202 is on the same straight line as the axial position of the intramedullary nail 1. The design that the axial position of the adjusting ring 202 is on the same straight line as the axial position of the intramedullary nail 1 makes it possible to guide, open holes and install various fixing devices through the guide module 3 when the use position of the positioning frame 203 is changed. It is flexible and convenient to use. At the same time, by installing multiple sets of positioning modules 2, the reserved installation holes in different directions and angles inside the intramedullary nail 1 can be positioned for medical operations through the guide module 3, and the adaptability is extremely strong.

[0037] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the front end of the positioning block 301 is provided with two symmetrical "L"-shaped positioning plates 3011, and the positioning plates 3011 are inserted into the outside of the retaining frame 232. The positioning plates 3011 are positioned and installed on the outside of the retaining frame 232 through the guide screw 30111. During use, the positioning plates 3011 can limit the moving trajectory of the positioning block 301, so that the positioning block 301 will not be skewed or twisted during movement, resulting in the phenomenon of the device being stuck and failing. The guide block 303 has two adjustment modes: fast coarse adjustment and precise fine adjustment. The use position of the guide module 3 on the retaining frame 232 can also be adjusted by the guide screw 30111. At the same time, the guide module 3 can also be set in multiple groups on the frame of the retaining frame 232 for guiding use, which further facilitates various medical operations during fracture treatment and can be adapted for use with different types of intramedullary nails 1, further improving the adaptability of the device.

[0038] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, a guide groove 3031 is provided inside the guide block 303, and a fan-shaped avoidance groove 3012 is provided inside the block body of the positioning block 301. During use, the fan-shaped design of the avoidance groove 3012 facilitates the operation of placing various medical devices into the guide groove 3031 after the guide block 303 adjusts the guide angle. The guide block 303 can realize the function of rotating and adjusting the use angle and positioning the guide angle inside the positioning block 301 through the functional rod 302, thereby realizing the guiding effect on medical devices such as sleeves and drill bits.

[0039] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, a locking gear 3021 is provided at the bottom of the functional rod 302, and a locking top spring 3022 is provided inside the locking gear 3021, and the two ends of the locking top spring 3022 are respectively against the inside of the locking gear 3021 and the inside of the top rotating shaft of the guide block 303. In use, when the device is in the reset state, it is in the precise fine-tuning mode, and the device can automatically lock the use state of the guide block 303 in the reset state. When the device is in the reset state, the top rotating shaft of the guide block 303 is rotatably connected to the inside of the locking worm gear 401, and a synchronous tooth groove 3032 is provided inside the guide block 303, and the bottom of the locking gear 3021 is inserted into the inside of the synchronous tooth groove 3032, and the locking gear 3021 is synchronously located at the locking tooth groove 4011 and the synchronous tooth groove Inside 3032, the locking worm wheel 401 and the adjusting worm 402 have the characteristics of one-way transmission, so that the guide block 303 will not accidentally move and change the guide angle when in use. When it is necessary to fine-tune the guide angle of the guide block 303, the function of adjusting the guide angle of the guide block 303 can only be achieved by rotating the adjusting worm 402. When the adjusting worm 402 is rotated, the adjusting worm 402 can drive the locking worm wheel 401 to rotate. When the locking worm wheel 401 rotates, the locking tooth groove 4011 drives the locking gear 3021 to rotate synchronously. When the locking gear 3021 rotates, it can drive the guide block 303 to rotate through the synchronous tooth groove 3032 to change the guiding direction of the guide groove 3031. It is easy to use, accurate to adjust, and stable to use.

[0040] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, a locking tooth groove 4011 is provided inside the locking worm gear 401, and the top of the locking gear 3021 is inserted into the locking tooth groove 4011. During use, the quick coarse adjustment function of the guide block 303 facilitates the quick positioning of the use angle of the guide block 303. When the function lever 302 is pressed, the top of the locking gear 3021 escapes from the locking tooth groove 4011. Therefore, when the function lever 302 is rotated at this time, the locking gear 3021 can drive the guide block 303 to quickly rotate and adjust the guide direction and angle through the synchronous tooth groove 3032, which is convenient and fast. After the adjustment is completed and the function lever 302 is released, the locking gear 3021 can automatically reset and restore the locking state of the guide block 303 under the action of the locking top spring 3022, so as to continue to fine-tune or position the guide direction of the guide block 303 by adjusting the worm 402, which is convenient for the doctor's treatment operation, stable to use, and convenient and quick to adjust.

[0041] Specific usage and function of this embodiment: In the present invention, firstly, the device needs to be assembled in vitro to adjust the guide position and angle of the guide module 3, so as to realize the matching use of the positioning assembly with different intramedullary nails 1, and the intramedullary nail 1 is installed on the side of the mounting frame 201, and then the number of components used in the positioning assembly is adjusted according to the position and inclination of the reserved hole inside the intramedullary nail 1, and the guide direction and angle of the guide block 303 are adjusted according to the position and angle of the reserved hole of the intramedullary nail 1. The track block 2311 of the adjustment block 231 can freely rotate inside the track groove 2021 to change the use position, and the use position of the adjustment block 231 can be positioned by the positioning screw 2312, thereby realizing positioning and change. The design that the axis position of the adjusting ring 202 is in the same straight line with the axis position of the intramedullary nail 1 makes it possible to guide, open holes and install various fixing devices through the guide module 3 when the positioning frame 203 changes its use position. It is flexible and convenient to use. By installing multiple sets of positioning modules 2, the reserved installation holes in different directions and angles inside the intramedullary nail 1 can be positioned for medical operations through the guide module 3. The guide block 303 of the guide module 3 can be rotated inside the positioning block 301 to adjust the use angle and the positioning guide angle through the functional rod 302, thereby achieving the guiding effect on medical devices such as sleeves and drill bits. At the same time, the guide module 3 is in the retaining frame The use position on 232 can also be adjusted by the guide screw 30111, which can adapt to the guidance of the reserved installation holes of the intramedullary nail 1 with different inclination angles. The same guide module 3 can also be set in multiple groups on the frame of the retaining frame 232 for guiding use, which can adapt to the matching use with different types of intramedullary nails 1. The guide block 303 has two adjustment modes: fast coarse adjustment and precise fine adjustment. When the device is in the reset state, it is in the precise fine adjustment mode, and the device can automatically lock the use state of the guide block 303 in the reset state. When the device is in the reset state, the locking gear 3021 is synchronously located inside the locking tooth groove 4011 and the synchronous tooth groove 3032, and the locking worm wheel 401 and the adjusting worm 402 have a one-way transmission The characteristics of the guide block 303 make it possible for the guide block 303 to not accidentally move and change the guide angle when in use. When the guide angle of the guide block 303 needs to be fine-tuned, the guide angle of the guide block 303 can only be adjusted by rotating the adjusting worm 402. When the adjusting worm 402 is rotated, the adjusting worm 402 can drive the locking worm wheel 401 to rotate. When the locking worm wheel 401 rotates, the locking tooth groove 4011 drives the locking gear 3021 to rotate synchronously. When the locking gear 3021 rotates, it can drive the guide block 303 to rotate through the synchronous tooth groove 3032 to change the guiding direction of the guide groove 3031. When the function lever 302 is pressed, the top of the locking gear 3021 escapes from the interior of the locking tooth groove 4011.Therefore, when the function rod 302 is rotated at this time, the locking gear 3021 can drive the guide block 303 to quickly rotate and adjust the guide direction and angle through the synchronous tooth groove 3032, which is convenient and fast. After the adjustment is completed and the function rod 302 is released, the locking gear 3021 can automatically reset and restore the locking state of the guide block 303 under the action of the locking top spring 3022, so as to continue to fine-tune or position the guide direction of the guide block 303 by adjusting the worm 402 to facilitate the doctor's treatment operation. After the installation is completed, the intramedullary nail 1 is removed and installed on the patient's fracture site, and then the installation of the positioning component is continued. After the positioning component is installed, the guiding module 3 can be used to guide and position the remaining medical devices for treatment.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that when describing the position of each component and the matching relationship between them, the present invention usually takes one / a pair of components as an example. However, those skilled in the art should understand that such position, matching relationship, etc. are also applicable to other components / other pairs of components.

[0043] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An in vitro universal orienter for blind locking of intramedullary nails in limb fractures. It is characterized in that include: An intramedullary nail (1), the intramedullary nail (1) being fixedly installed inside a bone at a fracture site of a patient; An orientation assembly, the orientation assembly comprising a positioning module (2) and a guiding module (3), the positioning module (2) comprising a mounting frame (201), an adjusting ring (202) and a positioning frame (203), the mounting frame (201) being fixedly mounted on one end of an intramedullary nail (1), the adjusting ring (202) being fixedly mounted on a side of the mounting frame (201), and the positioning frame (203) being plugged into a side of the adjusting ring (202); the guiding module (3) comprising a positioning block (301), a functional rod (302) and a guiding block (303), the positioning block (301) being plugged into the outside of the positioning frame (203), the functional rod (302) being plugged into the inside of the positioning block (301), and the guiding block (303) being rotatably connected to the inside of the positioning block (301); The adjusting ring (202) is provided with a track groove (2021) inside, and the frame body of the positioning frame (203) is in a "U" shape. The positioning frame (203) is composed of an adjusting block (231) and a retaining frame (232). The adjusting block (231) is provided with a track block (2311) inside, and the track block (2311) is inserted into the track groove (2021). The adjusting block (231) is positioned and installed on the outside of the adjusting ring (202) by means of a positioning screw (2312); A locking gear (3021) is provided at the bottom of the functional rod (302), and a locking top spring (3022) is provided inside the locking gear (3021), and two ends of the locking top spring (3022) respectively abut against the inside of the locking gear (3021) and the inside of the top rotating shaft of the guide block (303); A synchronous locking mechanism (4) is installed inside the positioning block (301), and the synchronous locking mechanism (4) is composed of a locking worm wheel (401) and an adjusting worm (402), the locking worm wheel (401) is rotatably connected to the inside of the positioning block (301), and the adjusting worm (402) is rotatably connected to the inside of the positioning block (301), and the locking worm wheel (401) and the adjusting worm (402) are transmission-connected; The top rotating shaft of the guide block (303) is rotatably connected to the inside of the locking worm gear (401), and a synchronous tooth groove (3032) is provided inside the guide block (303), and the bottom of the locking gear (3021) is inserted into the inside of the synchronous tooth groove (3032); The locking worm wheel (401) is provided with a locking tooth groove (4011) inside, and the top of the locking gear (3021) is inserted into the locking tooth groove (4011).

2. An in vitro universal orienter for blind locking of intramedullary nails for limb fractures as claimed in claim 1, Features: The adjusting ring (202) is designed as a semicircular ring, and the axis position of the adjusting ring (202) and the axis position of the intramedullary nail (1) are on the same straight line.

3. An in vitro universal orienter for blind locking of intramedullary nails for limb fractures as claimed in claim 1, Features: The front end of the positioning block (301) is provided with two symmetrical "L"-shaped positioning plates (3011), and the positioning plates (3011) are plugged into the outside of the retaining frame (232). The positioning plates (3011) are positioned and installed on the outside of the retaining frame (232) via guide screws (30111).

4. An in vitro universal orienter for blind locking of intramedullary nails for limb fractures as claimed in claim 1, Features: The guide block (303) is provided with a guide groove (3031) inside, and the block body of the positioning block (301) is provided with a fan-shaped avoidance groove (3012) inside.

Images