Temperature control circuit, ambient wind information measuring device and system

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a temperature control circuit, an environmental wind information measuring device and a system, and belongs to the field of electronic circuits.The temperature control circuit comprises a switching module, a compensation module and a temperature control module.The compensation module is used for connecting a temperature sensing module, outputs an adjusting signal according to a measured temperature signal of a heated body obtained by the temperature sensing module, the temperature control module is used for controlling the on-off of the switching module according to the adjusting signal, and the switching module is used for connecting a heating module used for heating the heated body.Thus, the on time and on moment of the heating switching module can be controlled in time, the heating time and heating power of the heating device to the heated body can be adjusted in time, the hysteresis of the temperature system of the environmental wind information measuring device using the heat conduction principle is reduced, and the performance of the environmental wind information measuring device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electronic circuits, and more specifically, to a temperature control circuit, an environmental wind information measurement device and system. Background Technology

[0002] In meteorological measurements, instruments used to measure wind speed and direction mainly include mechanical rotating shaft sensors, ultrasonic anemometers, and sensors utilizing the principle of heat conduction. Sensors utilizing the principle of heat conduction primarily create a thermal field distribution based on this principle, converting the thermal field distribution into an electrical signal to construct the corresponding electric field distribution relationship. The current wind speed and direction values ​​are then calculated based on the electric field density.

[0003] However, in practical use, the temperature system has a large hysteresis, which leads to poor performance of sensors that utilize the principle of heat conduction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a temperature control circuit, an environmental wind information measurement device and system, which can improve the poor performance of current wind speed and direction measurement devices that utilize the principle of heat conduction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a temperature control circuit, including a switching module, a compensation module, and a temperature control module;

[0007] The compensation module is used to connect to the temperature sensing module and output an adjustment signal based on the measured temperature signal of the heated body obtained by the temperature sensing module.

[0008] The temperature control module is used to control the on / off state of the switching module according to the adjustment signal;

[0009] The heating switch module is used to connect to a heating module for heating the heated body.

[0010] Furthermore, the compensation module includes a PID unit and a filtering unit. The two input terminals of the PID unit are respectively used to receive the set temperature signal and the measured temperature signal obtained by the temperature sensing module. The output terminal of the PID unit is connected to the input terminal of the filtering unit and the temperature control module.

[0011] Furthermore, the PID unit includes an operational amplifier, an integrator subunit, and a micro-molecule unit;

[0012] The input terminal of the integrator is connected to the measured temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensing module, and the two output terminals of the integrator are respectively connected to the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier.

[0013] The input terminal of the micro-molecular unit is connected to the measured temperature signal obtained by the temperature sensing module, and the two output terminals of the micro-molecular unit are respectively connected to the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier.

[0014] The non-inverting input of the operational amplifier is used to receive the set temperature signal, and the output of the operational amplifier serves as the output of the PID unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the temperature control module includes a pulse generator, a pulse width modulation unit, and a fusion unit;

[0016] The two input terminals of the pulse width modulation unit are respectively connected to the output terminal of the pulse generator and the output terminal of the compensation module, and the pulse width modulation unit is used to output a first level signal according to the output of the pulse generator and the output of the compensation module.

[0017] The two input terminals of the fusion unit are respectively connected to the output terminal of the pulse width modulation unit and the set PWM signal. The output terminal of the fusion unit is connected to the input terminal of the switching module. The fusion unit is used to output a signal to turn on the switching module when both the set PWM signal and the first level signal are high.

[0018] Furthermore, the fusion unit includes an AND gate circuit;

[0019] The two input terminals of the AND gate circuit are used to receive the set PWM signal and the first level signal, respectively, and the output terminal of the AND gate circuit is used to output a switch control signal for controlling the switching module to turn on or off.

[0020] Furthermore, the fusion unit also includes a comparator;

[0021] One input terminal of the comparator is used to connect to the output terminal of the AND gate circuit, and the other input terminal is used to connect to the operating power supply of the AND gate circuit through a voltage divider resistor.

[0022] The output of the comparator is used to output the switch control signal.

[0023] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an environmental wind information measuring device, including a temperature sensing module, a heating module, a data acquisition module, a processing module, and a temperature control circuit as described in the first aspect, which are disposed on the measured body.

[0024] The temperature sensing module is used to detect the actual temperature of the tested body in order to obtain a measured temperature signal;

[0025] The acquisition module is used to sample the measured temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensing module;

[0026] The processing module is used to input a set PWM signal to the temperature control module and obtain the ambient wind information of the area where the tested body is located based on the measured temperature signal collected by the acquisition module.

[0027] The heating module is electrically connected to the temperature control circuit, and the temperature control circuit controls whether to heat the tested body.

[0028] Furthermore, the acquisition module includes a first-stage operational amplifier circuit and a second-stage operational amplifier circuit;

[0029] The two input terminals of the first-stage operational amplifier circuit are respectively used to receive a set temperature signal and a preset bias signal, wherein the set temperature signal is used to characterize the reference temperature of the measured body.

[0030] The two input terminals of the second-stage operational amplifier circuit are respectively connected to the measured temperature signal and the signal output by the first-stage operational amplifier circuit, and the output terminal of the second-stage operational amplifier circuit is used to electrically connect to the input terminal of the processing module.

[0031] Furthermore, the temperature sensing module includes four temperature sensing elements, two of which are arranged opposite to each other and connected in series to form an X-axis temperature sensing component for characterizing the X-axis in the electrical coordinate system, and the other two are arranged opposite to each other and connected in series to form a Y-axis temperature sensing component for characterizing the Y-axis in the electrical coordinate system.

[0032] The acquisition module is provided in two parts, and the two acquisition modules correspond one-to-one with the X-axis temperature sensing component and the Y-axis temperature sensing component, respectively;

[0033] In this configuration, one end of any temperature sensing component is connected to the operating power supply, and the other end is grounded. The series connection between the two temperature sensing elements contained therein is used for electrical connection with the input terminal of the corresponding acquisition module.

[0034] Furthermore, the measured temperature signal includes a first signal value and a second signal value;

[0035] The step of the processing module obtaining the environmental wind information of the area where the measured body is located based on the measured temperature signal collected by the acquisition module includes:

[0036] The first signal value acquired by the acquisition module corresponding to the X-axis temperature sensing component is used as the abscissa value of the current ambient wind in the electric coordinate system.

[0037] The second signal value acquired by the acquisition module corresponding to the Y-axis temperature sensing component is used as the ordinate value of the current ambient wind in the electric coordinate system.

[0038] The wind speed and wind direction information are obtained by processing the horizontal and vertical coordinate values.

[0039] Further, the step of processing the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​to obtain wind speed and wind direction information includes:

[0040] The sum of the squares of the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​is used as the wind speed value to obtain wind speed information;

[0041] The arctangent of the ratio of the vertical coordinate value to the horizontal coordinate value is used as the wind direction angle information, and the wind direction azimuth information is determined based on the position of the coordinate point formed by the vertical coordinate value and the horizontal coordinate value in the electrical coordinate system.

[0042] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an environmental wind information material system, including a test body and an environmental wind information measuring device as described in the second aspect; the temperature sensing module and the heating module are both disposed on the test body.

[0043] Furthermore, the tested body has a cavity, the bottom plate of the tested body is a ceramic plate, and the heating module and the temperature sensing module are both located in the cavity and are both disposed on the ceramic plate.

[0044] Furthermore, the cavity is filled with insulating cotton.

[0045] The temperature control circuit, environmental wind information measurement device, and system provided in this invention have a compensation module that outputs an adjustment signal to the temperature control module based on the measured temperature signal of the heated body obtained by the temperature sensing module. The temperature control module controls the on / off state of the switching module according to the adjustment signal, thereby enabling timely control of the on / off time of the switching module based on the measured temperature signal of the heated body. This allows for timely adjustment of the heating time and heating power of the heating module on the heated body, thereby reducing the hysteresis of the temperature system of the environmental wind information measurement device that utilizes the principle of heat conduction. Consequently, the sensitivity and measurement range of the environmental wind information measurement device are improved, thus enhancing wind performance.

[0046] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0048] Figure 1 A block diagram of a temperature control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0049] Figure 2 The second block diagram of the temperature control circuit provided in the embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0050] Figure 3 The third block diagram of the temperature control circuit provided in the embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0051] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a possible circuit structure of the compensation module provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0052] Figure 5 The fourth block diagram of the temperature control circuit provided in the embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0053] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a possible circuit structure of the pulse generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0054] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a possible circuit structure of the pulse width modulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0055] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a possible circuit structure of the fusion unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0056] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a possible circuit structure of the switching module provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0057] Figure 10 A block diagram of an environmental wind information measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0058] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a possible circuit structure of the acquisition module provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0059] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tested object provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0060] Figure reference numerals: 10-Temperature control circuit; 11-Compensation module; 12-PID unit; 121-Operational amplifier; 122-Integrator sub-unit; 123-Micro-molecular unit; 13-Filtering unit; 14-Temperature control module; 15-Pulse generator; 16-Pulse width modulation unit; 17-Fusion unit; 18-Switch module; 19-Ambient wind information measurement device; 20-Temperature sensing module; 201-Temperature sensing element; 21-Heating module; 22-Acquisition module; 23-Processing module; 30-Measured body; 31-Insulation cotton. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0062] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0063] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0064] Wind speed and direction sensors utilizing the principle of heat conduction create a thermal field on the sensor body. Based on the thermal field distribution within the measurement area, this distribution is converted into an electrical signal to construct the corresponding electric field distribution. The current wind speed and direction are then calculated based on the electric field density. In other words, the wind speed and direction in the area are calculated by observing the heat dissipation from the sensor body.

[0065] In wind speed and direction sensors utilizing the principle of heat conduction, the part that constructs the thermal field is called the temperature system, which is a crucial factor affecting the sensor's measurement performance. Currently, in practical applications, wind speed and direction sensors utilizing the principle of heat conduction suffer from significant hysteresis in the temperature system due to the intrinsic thermal resistance of the sensor material, the resistance of the heating source to changes in the sensor's temperature field, and the obstructive effects of the sensor itself. This results in reduced sensor sensitivity, a smaller measurement range, and consequently, poor performance for wind speed and direction sensors utilizing the principle of heat conduction.

[0066] Based on the above considerations, embodiments of the present invention provide a temperature control scheme to improve the poor performance of wind speed and direction sensors caused by the hysteresis of the temperature system. The temperature control scheme is described below.

[0067] In one implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the temperature control circuit 10 provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a switching module 18, a compensation module 11, and a temperature control module 14. This temperature control circuit 10 can be applied to the temperature regulation of an environmental wind information measurement device.

[0068] The compensation module 11 is used to connect to the temperature sensing module 20 and output an adjustment signal based on the measured temperature signal of the heated body obtained by the temperature sensing module 20.

[0069] Temperature control module 14 is used to control the on / off state of switch module 18 according to adjustment signal.

[0070] The switch module 18 is used to connect to the heating module 21 used to heat the heated body.

[0071] Among them, the heated body refers to the measured body 30 in the environmental wind information measuring device 19 that utilizes the principle of heat conduction.

[0072] The temperature of the measured body 30 affects the thermal field of the environmental wind information measurement device, thus significantly impacting the measurement accuracy and precision of the device.

[0073] In traditional environmental wind information measurement devices that utilize the principle of heat conduction, the temperature system heats the heater or heating element when the device is started and stops heating after a preset duration. Due to the hysteresis of the temperature system, the actual heating duration is generally not equal to the preset duration, and the temperature of the heated body is not equal to the set temperature value after heating stops.

[0074] In this invention, the compensation module 11 outputs an adjustment signal to the temperature control module 14 based on the measured temperature signal of the heated body obtained by the temperature sensing module 20. The temperature control module 14 controls the on / off state of the switch module 18 according to the adjustment signal, thereby enabling timely control of the conduction time and timing of the switch module 18 based on the measured temperature signal of the heated body. This timely adjustment of the heating time and heating power of the heating module 21 on the heated body reduces the hysteresis of the temperature system of the environmental wind information measuring device based on the principle of heat conduction, thereby improving the sensitivity and measurement range of the environmental wind information measuring device and enhancing its performance.

[0075] The compensation module 11 is used to output an adjustment signal that drives the temperature control module 14 to control the on / off state of the switch module 18 based on the relationship between the set temperature signal and the measured temperature signal of the heated body, so as to control the heating time and heating duration of the heated body.

[0076] The compensation module 11 can perform a series of compensation functions such as differential action, integral action, and proportional amplification action. In this embodiment, it is not limited to a single function.

[0077] For example, in one implementation, refer to Figure 2 The compensation module 11 may include a PID unit 12 and a filter unit 13. The two input terminals of the PID unit 12 are respectively used to receive the set temperature signal and the measured temperature signal obtained by the temperature sensing module 20. The output terminal of the PID unit 12 is connected to the input terminal of the filter unit 13 and the temperature control module 14.

[0078] It should be noted that, Figure 2 In the input field, input 1 indicates that it is used to connect to the temperature sensing module 20, and input 2 indicates that it is used to connect to the set temperature signal.

[0079] The set temperature signal represents the expected temperature of the heated body, a value obtained from numerous experiments. When the temperature of the heated body is the set temperature signal, the thermal field generated by the heated body enables the environmental wind information measurement device to perform at its optimal state.

[0080] The PID unit 12 performs differential, integral, and proportional amplification functions. It performs differential, integral, and proportional amplification processes on the set temperature signal and the measured temperature signal of the heated body to obtain an adjustment signal related to the differential and integral quantities of the error between the set temperature signal and the measured temperature signal.

[0081] The integral action can eliminate steady-state errors during the temperature change process of the heated body. When the integral action is combined with the proportional amplification action, the error between the set temperature signal and the measured temperature signal can be amplified. Thus, the adjustment signal output by the PID unit 12, combined with the temperature control module 14, can accelerate the temperature adjustment of the heated body and achieve the effect of suppressing static numerical changes.

[0082] When the differential action and the proportional amplification action are combined, they can reflect the changes in the measured temperature signal and generate a forward control action. This allows the obtained adjustment signal to be combined with the temperature control module 14 to control the transient overshoot.

[0083] The filtering module filters the PID unit 12 to improve the accuracy of the control signal.

[0084] Reference Figure 3 The PID unit 12 may include an operational amplifier 121, an integrator 122, and a micro-molecule unit 123.

[0085] The input terminal of the integrator 122 is connected to the measured temperature signal obtained by the temperature sensing module 20, and the two output terminals of the integrator 122 are respectively connected to the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier 121.

[0086] The input terminal of the micro-molecular unit 123 is connected to the measured temperature signal obtained by the temperature sensing module, and the two output terminals of the micro-molecular unit 123 are respectively connected to the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier 121.

[0087] The non-inverting input of operational amplifier 121 is used to receive the set temperature signal, and the output of operational amplifier 121 is used as the output of PID unit 12.

[0088] Operational amplifier 121 acts as a proportional amplifier. When combined with integrator 122 and micro-molecule 123, the PID output adjustment signal can accelerate temperature regulation and advance control.

[0089] In one possible implementation, the compensation module 11 can be used as follows: Figure 4 The PID circuit shown is implemented as follows. Here, REG_REF represents the input terminal for the set temperature signal, REG_CUP represents the input terminal for the measured temperature signal, and REG_OUT represents the output terminal for the adjustment signal.

[0090] In this PID circuit, the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U1 is used to receive the set temperature signal, and the output of operational amplifier U1 serves as the output of PID unit 12.

[0091] The integrating resistor RI, the integrating differential resistor RP, and the integrating capacitor CI are connected in series to form the integrating sub-unit 122. The end of the integrating resistor RI connected to the integrating differential resistor RP is the first output terminal of the integrating sub-unit 122, and the other end of the integrating resistor RI serves as the input terminal of the integrating sub-unit 122, which is used to connect to the temperature sensing module 20. The end of the integrating capacitor CI connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is the second output terminal of the integrating sub-unit 122.

[0092] The differential capacitor CD, differential resistor RD, and integral differential resistor RP are connected in series to form a micro-molecular unit 123. The end of the integral differential resistor RP connected to the differential resistor RD is the first output terminal of the micro-molecular unit 123, and the other end of the integral differential resistor RP is the second output terminal of the micro-molecular unit 123. The end of the differential capacitor CD not connected to the differential resistor RD is the input terminal of the micro-molecular unit 123, which is used to connect to the temperature sensing module 20.

[0093] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 In micro-molecular unit 123, inductor L1 is used for high-frequency filtering, capacitor C1 in the PID circuit is used to suppress excessive AC gain, and resistor R1 in the PID circuit is used to suppress DC gain to avoid saturation. Additionally, diode Df, resistor Rf, and capacitor Cf constitute filter unit 13.

[0094] It should be understood that the micro-molecule unit 123, the integrator unit 122, and the filter unit 13 in the PID circuit are not the only limitations, and can be adjusted according to the actual situation in practical applications.

[0095] The compensation module 11 adds the differential and integral quantities between the set temperature signal and the measured temperature signal to the temperature control circuit 10, thereby enabling the temperature control circuit 10 to control the heating overshoot of the heated body. This helps the environmental wind information measuring device to operate in an environment with a small overshoot, thereby improving the measurement sensitivity and expanding the measurement range.

[0096] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 5 The temperature control module 14 includes a pulse generator 15, a pulse width modulation unit 16, and a fusion unit 17.

[0097] The two input terminals of the pulse width modulation unit 16 are connected to the output terminal of the pulse generator 15 and the output terminal of the compensation module 11, respectively, and the pulse width modulation unit 16 is used to output a first level signal according to the output amount of the pulse generator 15 and the output amount of the compensation module 11.

[0098] The two input terminals of the fusion unit 17 are respectively connected to the output terminal of the pulse width modulation unit 16 and the set PWM signal. The output terminal of the fusion unit 17 is connected to the input terminal of the switch module 18. The fusion unit 17 is used to output a signal to turn on the switch module 18 when both the set PWM signal and the first level signal are high.

[0099] In the temperature control module 14, the introduction of a PWM signal in the fusion unit 17 stage can effectively increase the response sensitivity and measurement range of the environmental wind information measurement device. Experiments show that by introducing a PWM signal, the sensitivity and measurement range of the environmental wind information measurement device based on the principle of heat conduction can be improved.

[0100] The pulse generator 15 can be a pulse generating circuit or a signal generator, and no specific limitation is made in this embodiment. In one embodiment, the pulse generator 15 can be as follows: Figure 6 The circuit shown is composed of two operational amplifiers 121, and its output is a triangular wave. TRIANGLE_MAVE represents the pulse signal output terminal.

[0101] The pulse width modulation unit 16 compares and modulates the output (i.e., adjustment signal) of the compensation module 11 with the pulse signal output by the pulse generator 15, and outputs a modulated comparison signal. It can be understood that the comparison signal output by the pulse width modulation unit 16 is essentially the signal after adjusting the duty cycle of the output of the compensation module 11.

[0102] The pulse width modulation unit 16 can be a comparator or a comparison circuit. In one possible implementation, the pulse width modulation unit 16 can be as follows: Figure 7 The circuit shown consists of a single operational amplifier 121. REG_OUT represents the adjustment signal input terminal of the compensation module 11, TRIANGLE_MAVE represents the pulse signal input terminal, and CTL_DUTY represents the first-level signal output terminal.

[0103] In one possible implementation, the fusion unit 17 includes an AND gate circuit. The two input terminals of the AND gate circuit are used to receive a setting PWM signal and a first level signal, respectively, and the output terminal of the AND gate circuit is used to output a switching control signal for controlling the on / off state of the switching module 18.

[0104] Due to the inherent limitations of AND gate circuits, and considering that the output signal from an AND gate is often not well-conducted when it is between 0.3V and 3.3V, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figure 8 The fusion unit 17 may also include a comparator U2.

[0105] One input of comparator U2 is connected to the output of an AND gate circuit, and the other input is connected to the operating power supply of the AND gate circuit through a voltage divider resistor. The output of comparator U2 is used to output a switch control signal.

[0106] In one possible implementation, the fusion unit 17 can be as follows: Figure 8 The circuit shown includes a current-limiting resistor Rm, a first voltage-dividing resistor R2, a second voltage-dividing resistor R3, a first switching diode D2, a second switching diode D3, and a comparator U2.

[0107] Among them, PWM_OUT is one input terminal of the fusion unit 17, used to input the set PWM signal. CTL_DUTY is the other input terminal of the fusion unit 17, used to input the first level signal. PWM_MIX is the output terminal of the fusion unit 17.

[0108] The first switching diode D2 has its anode used to receive the set PWM signal, and its cathode connected to the cathode of the second switching diode D3, the non-inverting input of comparator U2, and one end of the current-limiting resistor Rm.

[0109] The anode of the second switching diode D3 is connected to the output terminal of the pulse width modulation unit 16.

[0110] The other end of the current-limiting resistor Rm is connected to one end of the first voltage divider resistor R2 and the positive power supply terminal of the comparator U2.

[0111] The other end of the first voltage divider resistor R2 is connected to the inverting input of comparator U2 and one end of the second voltage divider resistor R3.

[0112] The output of comparator U2 is connected to the input of heating switch module 18, and the other end of the second voltage divider resistor R3 is grounded.

[0113] In this circuit, the first switching diode D2 and the second switching diode D3 form an AND gate circuit.

[0114] It should be understood that the circuit of the above-mentioned fusion unit 17 is merely an example, and not the only limitation.

[0115] The switch module 18 can be a switch element or a switch chip, and no specific limitation is made in this embodiment.

[0116] In one possible implementation, the switch module 18 can be used as follows: Figure 9The diagram shows an N-channel MOSFET circuit, where PIM_MIX is the input terminal for the switch control signal. This N-channel MOSFET circuit is the ground loop controlling the power supply loop of the heating module 21. When the N-channel MOSFET in this circuit is turned on, it begins to heat the heating module 21. It should be understood that the N-channel MOSFET can be replaced by other switching transistors.

[0117] In the aforementioned temperature control circuit 10, the compensation module 11 introduces integral and differential operations to process the error between the measured temperature signal and the set temperature signal. The temperature control module 14 performs pulse width modulation on the adjustment signal output by the compensation module 11, and fuses the first level signal obtained after pulse width modulation with the set PWM signal through an AND gate operation to obtain the switching control signal of the control switch module 18. This allows the switching control signal to both accelerate the adjustment and provide advanced control, thereby enabling timely adjustment of the temperature of the heated body, improving the stability of the thermal field based on the heat conduction principle, and ultimately enhancing the performance of the environmental wind information measurement device based on the heat conduction principle. Simultaneously, by introducing PWM signals for fusion, the sensitivity and measurement range when measuring environmental wind information can be improved.

[0118] Based on the concept of the temperature control circuit 10 described above, in one embodiment, referring to... Figure 10 The present invention also provides an environmental wind information measuring device 19. The environmental wind information measuring device 19 includes a temperature sensing module 20, a heating module 21, a data acquisition module 22, a processing module 23, and a temperature control circuit 10 provided in the above embodiments, which are disposed on the measured body 30.

[0119] The temperature sensing module 20 is used to detect the actual temperature of the tested body 30 in order to obtain the measured temperature signal.

[0120] The acquisition module 22 is used to sample the measured temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensing module 20.

[0121] The processing module 23 is used to input a set PWM signal to the temperature control module 14 and obtain the ambient wind information of the area where the measured body 30 is located based on the measured temperature signal collected by the acquisition module 22.

[0122] The processing module 23 may be, but is not limited to, any of the controllers such as MCU and CPU.

[0123] The heating module 21 is electrically connected to the temperature control circuit 10, and the temperature control circuit 10 controls whether to heat the tested body 30.

[0124] In the aforementioned environmental wind information measuring device 19, the temperature control circuit 10 controls the conduction time and timing of the switching module 18 in real time based on the measured temperature signal of the measured body 30. This allows for timely adjustment of the heating time and heating power of the heating module 21 on the measured body 30, thereby reducing the lag in temperature control of the measured body 30 and ensuring that the temperature of the measured body 30 is kept within the set temperature to a certain extent. This ensures that the environmental wind information measuring device 19 operates in an optimal temperature environment, thereby improving its sensitivity and measurement range, and ultimately enhancing its performance.

[0125] It should be noted that the principle of the environmental wind information measuring device 19 is as follows: due to the influence of wind on the thermal field, the thermal field is converted into a two-dimensional electric field plane. The electric field distribution density (i.e., the thermal field distribution density) is calculated based on the measured temperature signal obtained by the temperature sensing module 20, and the environmental wind information such as wind speed and / or wind direction in the area where the environmental wind information measuring device 19 is located is calculated.

[0126] In one possible implementation, the acquisition module 22 includes a first-stage operational amplifier circuit and a second-stage operational amplifier circuit.

[0127] The two input terminals of the first-stage operational amplifier circuit are used to receive the set temperature signal and the preset bias signal, respectively. The set temperature signal is used to characterize the reference temperature of the measured body at 30°C.

[0128] The two input terminals of the second-stage operational amplifier circuit are respectively connected to the measured temperature signal and the signal output by the first-stage operational amplifier circuit, and the output terminal of the second-stage operational amplifier circuit is used to electrically connect to the input terminal of the processing module 23.

[0129] A preset bias signal is incorporated into the first-stage operational amplifier circuit, which helps to remove hardware noise and improve the accuracy of temperature acquisition. Furthermore, the acquisition module 22 forms a dual operational amplifier through a two-stage amplifier circuit consisting of the first-stage and second-stage operational amplifier circuits. This amplifies the difference between the set temperature signal and the measured temperature signal, thereby improving the temperature control circuit 10's efficiency in regulating the temperature of the measured body 30.

[0130] It should be understood that the specific circuit structure of the acquisition module 22 can be designed according to actual conditions, and is not limited to a single one in this embodiment. In one possible implementation, the acquisition module 22 can be as follows: Figure 11 The diagram shows a two-stage operational amplifier circuit. IN1 and IN2 are the two input terminals of the first-stage operational amplifier circuit, IN3 is the input terminal for the set temperature signal, and OUT is the output terminal of the acquisition module 22.

[0131] The number of temperature sensing modules 20 and data acquisition modules 22 is related to the measurement requirements of ambient wind information.

[0132] When only the wind speed of the ambient wind needs to be measured, the temperature sensing module 20 may include a temperature sensing element 201 and the acquisition module 22 is set to one. At this time, the wind speed can be measured according to the temperature change of the temperature sensing element 201.

[0133] When at least the wind speed and direction of the ambient wind need to be measured, in one possible implementation, the temperature sensing module 20 may include four temperature sensing elements 201. Two of the four temperature sensing elements 201 are arranged opposite each other and connected in series to form an X-axis temperature sensing component for characterizing the X-axis in the electrical coordinate system, and the other two are arranged opposite each other and connected in series to form a Y-axis temperature sensing component for characterizing the Y-axis in the electrical coordinate system. Two acquisition modules 22 are provided, each corresponding to one of the X-axis temperature sensing components and the other to one of the Y-axis temperature sensing components.

[0134] In this configuration, one end of any temperature sensing component is connected to a power supply, and the other end is grounded. The series connection between the two temperature sensing elements 201 contained therein is used for electrical connection with the input terminal of the corresponding acquisition module 22.

[0135] For example, four temperature sensing elements 201 can be arranged on the measured body 30 according to the east, west, south and north directions.

[0136] The calibration of the electrical coordinate system is completed by setting four temperature sensing elements 201.

[0137] Furthermore, based on the above-mentioned four temperature sensing elements 201, since there are two acquisition modules 22, the measured temperature signal includes a first signal value and a second signal value. The processing module 23 can be implemented through the following steps.

[0138] S1, take the first signal value collected by the acquisition module 22 corresponding to the X-axis temperature sensing component as the horizontal coordinate value of the current ambient wind in the electric coordinate system.

[0139] S2, take the second signal value collected by the acquisition module 22 corresponding to the Y-axis temperature sensing component as the ordinate value of the current ambient wind in the electric coordinate system.

[0140] S3 processes the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​to obtain wind speed and wind direction information.

[0141] For S3, in more detail, the sum of the squares of the horizontal and vertical coordinates is used as the wind speed value to obtain wind speed information, the arctangent of the ratio of the vertical and horizontal coordinates is used as the wind direction angle information, and the wind direction information is determined based on the position of the coordinate point formed by the vertical and horizontal coordinates in the electrical coordinate system.

[0142] In practical applications, after the four temperature sensing elements 201 form an electrical coordinate system, it can be bound to the electronic compass according to the actual installation position of the environmental wind information measuring device 19 to achieve calibration of the electrical coordinate system. For example, the actual directions corresponding to the X and Y axes can be calibrated according to the direction of the electronic compass. It should be understood that the calibrated electrical coordinate system is essentially a two-dimensional wind information coordinate system.

[0143] After calibrating the electrical coordinate system, the coordinate point in the electrical coordinate system can be determined based on the x-axis data and y-axis data acquired by the signal acquisition module 22. The modulus of this coordinate point in the coordinate system (i.e., The x-axis represents the wind speed, and the angle between the line connecting this coordinate point to the origin and the x-axis represents the wind direction. Since the x and y coordinates are already bound to the actual direction of the electronic compass, once the angle is obtained, it can be determined as arctan(y / x) degrees in a certain direction based on the relationship between the angle and the x-axis or y-axis, such as 30° east of north.

[0144] Based on the above concept, in one embodiment, the present invention also provides an environmental wind information measurement system, including a measured body 30 and an environmental wind measurement device provided in the above embodiment, wherein the temperature sensing module 20 and the heating module 21 are both installed on the measured body 30.

[0145] The temperature sensing module 20 of the ambient wind measurement device is located inside the measured body 30, that is, the four temperature sensing elements 201 form an electric coordinate system inside the measured body 30.

[0146] The environmental wind measuring device, in conjunction with the measured body 30, uses the temperature control circuit 10 to control the conduction time and timing of the switching module 18 in real time based on the measured temperature signal of the measured body 30. This allows for timely adjustment of the heating time and heating power of the heating module 21 on the measured body 30, thereby reducing the lag in temperature control of the measured body 30 and, to a certain extent, keeping the temperature of the measured body 30 at the set temperature. This ensures that the environmental wind information measuring device 19 operates in an excellent temperature environment, thereby improving the sensitivity and measurement range of the environmental wind information measuring device 19 and enhancing the measurement accuracy of environmental wind information.

[0147] In some embodiments, to better utilize the performance of the environmental wind information measurement system, refer to Figure 12 The tested body 30 has a cavity inside. Figure 12 Based on the visual orientation shown, the bottom plate of the tested body 30 is a ceramic plate, and the heating module 21 and the temperature sensing module 20 are both located inside the cavity and are both set on the ceramic plate.

[0148] In some embodiments, the temperature control circuit 10 can be disposed on the base plate of the measured body 30. Based on this, since the measured body 30 uses ceramic as a substrate, circuitry can be directly printed on the ceramic surface without the need for an insulating layer. Furthermore, ceramic offers the most efficient conductivity, exhibiting superior conductivity compared to traditional copper or aluminum substrates. In addition, ceramics possess significant advantages in stability and corrosion resistance, enabling the environmental wind information measurement system to perform exceptionally well.

[0149] Furthermore, in order to reduce the heat dissipation rate of the tested object 30 itself and thus improve measurement accuracy, please continue to refer to... Figure 12 The cavity can be filled with thermal insulation cotton 31, that is, the cavity of the tested body 30 is filled with thermal insulation cotton 31.

[0150] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A temperature control circuit, characterized in that, Includes a switching module, a compensation module, and a temperature control module; The compensation module is used to connect to the temperature sensing module and output an adjustment signal based on the measured temperature signal of the heated body obtained by the temperature sensing module. The temperature control module is used to control the on / off state of the switching module according to the adjustment signal; The switching module is used to connect to a heating module for heating the heated body. The temperature control module includes a pulse generator, a pulse width modulation unit, and a fusion unit; The two input terminals of the pulse width modulation unit are respectively connected to the output terminal of the pulse generator and the output terminal of the compensation module, and the pulse width modulation unit is used to output a first level signal according to the output of the pulse generator and the output of the compensation module. The two input terminals of the fusion unit are respectively connected to the output terminal of the pulse width modulation unit and the set PWM signal. The output terminal of the fusion unit is connected to the input terminal of the switching module. The fusion unit is used to output a signal to turn on the switching module when both the set PWM signal and the first level signal are high.

2. The temperature control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compensation module includes a PID unit and a filtering unit. The two input terminals of the PID unit are respectively used to receive the set temperature signal and the measured temperature signal obtained by the temperature sensing module. The output terminal of the PID unit is connected to the input terminal of the filtering unit and the temperature control module.

3. The temperature control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The PID unit includes an operational amplifier, an integrator subunit, and a micro-molecule unit; The input terminal of the integrator is connected to the measured temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensing module, and the two output terminals of the integrator are respectively connected to the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier. The input terminal of the micro-molecular unit is connected to the measured temperature signal obtained by the temperature sensing module, and the two output terminals of the micro-molecular unit are respectively connected to the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier. The non-inverting input of the operational amplifier is used to receive the set temperature signal, and the output of the operational amplifier serves as the output of the PID unit.

4. The temperature control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fusion unit includes an AND gate circuit; The two input terminals of the AND gate circuit are used to receive the set PWM signal and the first level signal, respectively, and the output terminal of the AND gate circuit is used to output a switch control signal for controlling the switching module to turn on or off.

5. The temperature control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fusion unit also includes a comparator; One input terminal of the comparator is used to connect to the output terminal of the AND gate circuit, and the other input terminal is used to connect to the operating power supply of the AND gate circuit through a voltage divider resistor. The output of the comparator is used to output the switch control signal.

6. An environmental wind information measurement device, characterized in that, It includes a temperature sensing module, a heating module, a data acquisition module, a processing module, and a temperature control circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, which are disposed on the tested body. The temperature sensing module is used to detect the actual temperature of the tested body in order to obtain a measured temperature signal; The acquisition module is used to sample the measured temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensing module; The processing module is used to input a set PWM signal to the temperature control module and obtain the ambient wind information of the area where the tested body is located based on the measured temperature signal collected by the acquisition module. The heating module is electrically connected to the temperature control circuit, and the temperature control circuit controls whether to heat the tested body.

7. The environmental wind information measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The acquisition module includes a first-stage operational amplifier circuit and a second-stage operational amplifier circuit; The two input terminals of the first-stage operational amplifier circuit are respectively used to receive a set temperature signal and a preset bias signal, wherein the set temperature signal is used to characterize the reference temperature of the measured body. The two input terminals of the second-stage operational amplifier circuit are respectively connected to the measured temperature signal and the signal output by the first-stage operational amplifier circuit, and the output terminal of the second-stage operational amplifier circuit is used to electrically connect to the input terminal of the processing module.

8. The environmental wind information measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature sensing module includes four temperature sensing elements. Two of the four temperature sensing elements are arranged opposite to each other and connected in series to form an X-axis temperature sensing component for characterizing the X-axis in the electric coordinate system. The other two are arranged opposite to each other and connected in series to form a Y-axis temperature sensing component for characterizing the Y-axis in the electric coordinate system. The acquisition module is provided in two parts, and the two acquisition modules correspond one-to-one with the X-axis temperature sensing component and the Y-axis temperature sensing component, respectively; In this configuration, one end of any temperature sensing component is connected to the operating power supply, and the other end is grounded. The series connection between the two temperature sensing elements contained therein is used for electrical connection with the input terminal of the corresponding acquisition module.

9. The environmental wind information measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The measured temperature signal includes a first signal value and a second signal value; The step of the processing module obtaining the environmental wind information of the area where the measured body is located based on the measured temperature signal collected by the acquisition module includes: The first signal value acquired by the acquisition module corresponding to the X-axis temperature sensing component is used as the abscissa value of the current ambient wind in the electric coordinate system. The second signal value acquired by the acquisition module corresponding to the Y-axis temperature sensing component is used as the ordinate value of the current ambient wind in the electric coordinate system. The wind speed and wind direction information are obtained by processing the horizontal and vertical coordinate values.

10. The environmental wind information measuring device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of processing the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​to obtain wind speed and wind direction information includes: The sum of the squares of the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​is used as the wind speed value to obtain wind speed information; The arctangent of the ratio of the vertical coordinate value to the horizontal coordinate value is used as the wind direction angle information, and the wind direction azimuth information is determined based on the position of the coordinate point formed by the vertical coordinate value and the horizontal coordinate value in the electrical coordinate system.

11. An environmental wind information measurement system, characterized in that, It includes the tested body and the environmental wind information measuring device as described in any one of claims 6 to 10; the temperature sensing module and the heating module are both disposed on the tested body.

12. The environmental wind information measurement system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The tested body has a cavity, the bottom plate of the tested body is a ceramic plate, and the heating module and the temperature sensing module are both located in the cavity and are both disposed on the ceramic plate.

13. The environmental wind information measurement system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The cavity is filled with insulating cotton.

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