Temperature and pressure feedback type temperature control multi-parameter comprehensive probe rod suitable for polar engineering

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of in-situ exploration, and particularly relates to a temperature-pressure feedback type temperature control multi-parameter comprehensive probe rod suitable for polar engineering. The outer side of the probe rod is coated with a heat preservation coating; the tip of the cone head is provided with a cone tip hole pressure sensor, and the cone head is further provided with a cone tip sensor; from bottom to top, the inside of the rod body is provided with a cone shoulder hole pressure sensor, a high-precision miniature camera, a temperature probe, a side friction force sensor, a soil pressure sensor, a multi-parameter geochemical sensor, an acoustic wave sensor, an information comprehensive processing module, a power supply module and a vacuum pump, and a sealing ring is arranged between each component; a temperature control core column is fixedly arranged in the center of the rod body, one end of the temperature control core column towards the cone tip is provided with a connecting screw, and the temperature control core column is fixedly connected with the cone tip through the external thread of the end portion. The probe rod can protect the ecology in cold regions, improve the detection accuracy, and realize in-situ collection of the physical and mechanical property parameters of polar frozen geological materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of in-situ exploration technology, and in particular to a temperature- and pressure-feedback type temperature-controlled multi-parameter integrated probe suitable for polar engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Resource exploration and development in cryosphere regions place increasingly higher demands on the serviceability, stability, and bearing capacity of building sites or foundations. The composition, structure, and properties of frozen geological materials are spatially diverse, making them difficult to sample, test, and classify. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a new in-situ testing method.

[0003] Compared to laboratory tests, in-situ tests often yield more accurate and consistent results without the need for sampling. Cone penetration testing (CPT) is widely used in geotechnical engineering for in-situ testing due to its economic, rapid, and efficient advantages. It can directly or indirectly obtain soil property profiles at a certain depth, and theoretical derivation and inversion of soil parameters can be performed using a large amount of in-situ test data to accurately classify soil layers and identify soil types. Currently, CPT technology and sensing technology are relatively mature in ordinary soil layers and shallow marine areas, but their application in polar regions is still in its early stages, with many technological gaps remaining.

[0004] Currently, researchers have improved conventional CPT equipment to make it suitable for geological exploration in polar permafrost regions. Field trials have been conducted in Antarctica, and attempts have been made to assess avalanches and the carrying capacity of snowfields, verifying the feasibility of penetration testing technology in frozen and permafrost regions such as polar snow, land ice, sea ice, and permafrost. However, current CPT probes suffer from problems such as limited testing parameters, shallow detection depth, low detection intensity, and significant impact on the surrounding environment due to penetration heat generation. They can only obtain limited in-situ physical and mechanical properties of materials at shallow depths, failing to adequately meet the comprehensive exploration and development needs of cryosphere sites. Furthermore, the heat exchange between the probe and the ice during penetration can further exacerbate secondary damage caused by in-situ testing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the existing technology and to propose a temperature-pressure feedback type temperature-controlled multi-parameter integrated probe suitable for polar engineering. It can protect the ecology of cold regions, improve the detection accuracy, and realize the in-situ acquisition of the physical and mechanical properties parameters of polar frozen geological materials.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a temperature and pressure feedback type temperature control multi-parameter integrated probe suitable for polar engineering, including a cone head and a rod body, wherein the cone head is fixed at the bottom end of the rod body, and the outer side of the probe is coated with a heat insulation coating.

[0007] A cone tip pressure sensor is installed at the tip of the cone, and a cone tip sensor is also installed on the cone.

[0008] The rod body is equipped with, from bottom to top, a cone shoulder bore pressure sensor, a high-precision miniature camera, a temperature probe, a side friction resistance sensor, a soil pressure sensor, a multi-parameter geochemical sensor, an acoustic sensor, an information processing module, a power supply module, and a vacuum pump. Each component is equipped with a sealing ring. A temperature control core column is fixed through the center of the rod body. The end of the temperature control core column facing the cone tip is equipped with a connecting screw. The temperature control core column is fixedly connected to the cone tip through the external thread at its end. The cone shoulder bore pressure sensor, side friction resistance sensor, soil pressure sensor, multi-parameter geochemical sensor, acoustic sensor, power supply module, and temperature control core column are all electrically connected to the information processing module.

[0009] The cone shoulder pressure sensor is fixedly pressed between the cone tip and the high-precision miniature camera. The high-precision miniature camera is fixed on the rotating ring, which rotates 360° around the rod. The rotating ring is connected to the connecting screw at the end of the temperature control core column through the internal thread on its inner surface.

[0010] The temperature probe is positioned above the high-precision miniature camera and is evenly spaced along the same height direction around the rod. One end of the temperature probe is fixedly connected to the temperature control core column.

[0011] Several annular storage chambers are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the rod. Each annular storage chamber is equipped with a partition, which divides the annular storage chamber into a water collection chamber and a gas collection chamber. Both the water collection chamber and the gas collection chamber have openings on their side walls, and each opening of the water collection chamber and the gas collection chamber has a sealing door. The sealing door of the water collection chamber has a filter membrane inside, and the sealing door of the gas collection chamber has a waterproof and breathable microporous membrane inside. The various annular storage chambers on the rod are connected by a gas guide pipe. The gas guide pipe is located at the center of the temperature control core column, and the top of the gas guide pipe is connected to a vacuum pump located at the top of the rod. The vacuum pump has an exhaust port.

[0012] In this invention, the high-precision miniature camera includes a high-definition lens, a zoom aperture, and a light source. When the probe is inserted, the high-precision miniature camera can adjust the zoom aperture to achieve contact imaging of the surrounding geological materials. The high-precision miniature camera can rotate to any angle with the rotating ring to take pictures, and if necessary, the camera light source can be turned on for supplementary lighting.

[0013] The earth pressure sensors are evenly spaced along the circumference of the pole at equal heights.

[0014] The multi-parameter geochemical sensor adopts a semi-permeable sidewall, and several through holes are arranged at intervals on the sidewall of the rod outside the multi-parameter geochemical sensor. The multi-parameter geochemical sensor has an internal ion-selective electrode.

[0015] Dual-frequency piezoelectric transducers are installed at the upper and lower ends of the acoustic wave sensor. The transducer above the acoustic wave sensor is the dual-frequency acoustic wave transmitter, and the transducer below the acoustic wave sensor is the dual-frequency acoustic wave receiver. During penetration, the dual-frequency acoustic wave transmitter above the acoustic wave sensor alternately emits high-frequency and low-frequency acoustic waves, and the dual-frequency acoustic wave receiver below the acoustic wave sensor receives the signals.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] (1) The probe is a temperature and pressure feedback type probe: the polar strata are relatively strong. In order to ensure uniform penetration, the pressure needs to be dynamically adjusted continuously. The rate can be accurately controlled through pressure feedback. At the same time, the heat generated by the probe penetration will significantly affect the surrounding environment. The overall temperature of the probe can be adjusted through temperature feedback to minimize the environmental impact.

[0018] (2) The probe uses a cone made of high-strength material to penetrate frozen geological materials with high hardness, which fills the technical limitations of in-situ exploration technology in the cryosphere;

[0019] (3) The probe rod can establish a three-dimensional physical-mechanical geological model of the area under test by combining multiple sensors, thus promoting the intelligent development of in-situ integrated detection technology. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a high-precision miniature camera.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Conical tip orifice pressure sensor; 2. Conical tip sensor; 3. Conical shoulder orifice pressure sensor; 4. Rotary ring; 5. Side friction resistance sensor; 6. Waterproof and breathable microporous membrane; 7. Gas collection chamber; 8. Annular storage chamber; 9. Soil pressure sensor; 10. Multi-parameter geochemical sensor; 11. Dual-frequency acoustic wave receiver; 12. Dual-frequency acoustic wave transmitter; 13. Information processing module; 14. Power supply module; 15. Thermal insulation coating; 17. Acoustic wave sensor; 18. Sealing ring; 19. Water collection chamber; 20. Sealing door; 21. Filter membrane; 22. Temperature probe; 23. Light source; 24. High-precision miniature camera; 25. Connecting screw; 26. Vacuum pump; 27. Exhaust port; 28. Air guide tube; 29. ​​Temperature control core column; 27' High-definition lens; 28' Zoom aperture. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention can be practiced in many ways other than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the temperature-pressure feedback type temperature-controlled multi-parameter integrated probe rod suitable for polar engineering of the present invention includes a cone head and a rod body, with the cone head fixed to one end of the rod body. The entire outer side of the probe rod is coated with a thermal insulation coating 15, which can provide thermal insulation and effectively prevent the heat generated during the probe rod penetration process from exchanging heat with the surrounding polar environment. The probe rod is made of high-strength, ultra-hard, corrosion-resistant material to meet the penetration requirements of hard frozen geological materials in polar regions. A cone tip borehole pressure sensor 1 is installed at the tip of the cone head, and a cone tip sensor 2 is also installed on the cone head. From bottom to top, the rod body is equipped with a cone shoulder borehole pressure sensor 3, a high-precision miniature camera 24, a temperature probe 22, a side friction resistance sensor 5, an earth pressure sensor 9, a multi-parameter geochemical sensor 10, an acoustic sensor 17, an information processing module 13, a power supply module 14, and a vacuum pump 26. A temperature control core column 29 is fixed through the center of the rod. Several annular storage chambers 8 are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the rod. Each of the above components is provided with a sealing ring 18 to ensure that the other parts, except for the water collection component, remain dry.

[0027] In this embodiment, the end of the temperature control core column 29 facing the cone tip is provided with a connecting screw 25. The temperature control core column 29 is fixedly connected to the cone tip through the external thread at its end, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the rod body and the cone tip.

[0028] A cone-shaped hole pressure sensor 3 is located at the bottom of the rod. The sensor is fixed between the cone tip and the high-precision miniature camera 24 by the pressure between the cone tip and the rod body. The high-precision miniature camera 24 is fixed on a rotating ring 4, which can rotate 360° around the rod. In this embodiment, the rotating ring 4 is threadedly connected to the connecting screw 25 at the end of the temperature control core 29 via its internal thread. When the angle of the rotating ring 4 needs to be adjusted, it is rotated to any angle, simultaneously causing the high-precision miniature camera 24 to rotate a certain angle for image capture. Figure 3 As shown, the high-precision miniature camera 24 includes a high-definition lens 27', a zoom aperture 28', and a light source 23. When the probe is inserted, the high-precision miniature camera 24 can adjust the zoom aperture 28' to achieve contact imaging of the surrounding geological materials. The high-precision miniature camera 24 can also rotate with the rotating ring 4 to any angle for imaging. If necessary, the camera light source 23 can be turned on for supplementary lighting imaging.

[0029] A temperature probe 22 is provided between the rotating ring 4 and the side friction sensor 5. In this embodiment, the temperature probes 22 are evenly spaced along the same height direction around the rod. In this embodiment, eight temperature probes 22 are evenly spaced along the rod. One end of the temperature probe 22 is fixedly connected to the temperature control core column 29. The temperature control core column 29 is electrically connected to the information processing module 13. The temperature probe 22 feeds back the temperature of the surrounding geological material it detects to the information processing module 13 through the temperature control core column. During the penetration process, the temperature probe 22 monitors in real time the temperature change of the rod body caused by the heat generated during the penetration of the probe and the temperature difference between the rod body and the external environment, and feeds the data back to the information processing module 13. After processing and analysis, the temperature control information is fed back to the temperature control core column 29 to dynamically adjust and reduce the temperature of the probe to balance it with the ambient temperature. At the same time, the heat insulation coating 15 brushed on the surface of the probe can further play a role in heat insulation, which can effectively prevent the heat generated by the probe from exchanging heat with the surrounding polar environment, accelerate the cooling speed of the probe and make it quickly reach the set temperature.

[0030] The side friction resistance sensor 5 is used to monitor the side friction resistance during the probe penetration process in real time.

[0031] In this embodiment, an annular storage chamber 8 is provided between the side friction sensor 5 and the soil pressure sensor 9. The annular storage chamber 8 is divided into two chambers by a partition: a water collection chamber 19 and a gas collection chamber 7. Both the water collection chamber 19 and the gas collection chamber 7 have openings on their side walls. A filter membrane 21 is installed at the opening of the water collection chamber 19. When the water collection chamber 19 collects liquid from the in-situ soil near the probe, the filter membrane 21 effectively prevents solid matter from entering the water collection chamber 19, ensuring that only liquid from the soil can enter. A waterproof and breathable microporous membrane 6 is installed at the opening of the gas collection chamber 7. When the gas collection chamber 7 collects gas from the in-situ soil near the probe, the waterproof and breathable microporous membrane 6 effectively prevents liquid or solid matter from entering the gas collection chamber 7, ensuring that only gas from the soil can enter the gas collection chamber 7. Both the water collection chamber 19 and the gas collection chamber 7 have sealing doors 20 at their openings. These sealing doors 20 can slide left and right, opening and closing during this process. In this application, the various annular storage chambers 8 on the rod are connected by air guide pipes 28. The air guide pipes 28 are located at the center of the temperature control core column 29, and their tops are connected to a vacuum pump 26 located at the top of the rod. The vacuum pump 26 has exhaust ports 27. When the vacuum pump 26 is working, it evacuates each annular storage chamber 8 through the air guide pipes 28. When the probe is in its initial working state, the sealing doors 20 are closed, and the vacuum pump 26 evacuates each annular storage chamber 8, creating a negative pressure vacuum in each water collection chamber 19 and gas collection chamber 7.

[0032] Before the probe is inserted, all annular storage chambers 8 are evacuated to a vacuum state by vacuum pump 26. After the insertion is completed, the probe remains stationary in the formation. The sealing doors 21 of water collection chamber 19 and gas collection chamber 7 are opened. Under the negative pressure in the water collection chamber and gas collection chamber, liquid and gas samples are sucked into the corresponding chambers, realizing the collection of liquid and gas samples at equal insertion depths.

[0033] In this application, the soil pressure sensors 9 are evenly spaced along the same height direction around the pole. In this embodiment, four soil pressure sensors 9 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the pole. The soil pressure sensors 9 are electrically connected to the information processing module 13. The soil pressure sensors 9 feed back the detected pressure value in the soil to the information processing module 13 in real time.

[0034] The multi-parameter geochemical sensor 10 employs a semi-permeable sidewall, meaning that several through holes are spaced apart on the external rod sidewall of the sensor 10, enabling it to fully detect various ions in the environment. The multi-parameter geochemical sensor 10 incorporates an ion-selective electrode, fulfilling the functional requirements of fully detecting chemical ions in the surrounding environment and protecting the chemical electrode. The multi-parameter geochemical sensor 10 is electrically connected to the information processing module 13, obtaining a one-dimensional profile of all detected ions at the penetration depth.

[0035] An acoustic sensor 17 is positioned above the multi-parameter geochemical sensor 10, and an annular storage chamber 8 is located between the multi-parameter geochemical sensor 10 and the acoustic sensor 17. The structure of the annular storage chamber 8 is identical to that between the side friction sensor 5 and the earth pressure sensor 9. Dual-frequency piezoelectric transducers are installed at the upper and lower ends of the acoustic sensor 17. In this embodiment, the transducer above the acoustic sensor 17 is a dual-frequency acoustic wave transmitter 12, and the transducer below the acoustic sensor 17 is a dual-frequency acoustic wave receiver 11. During penetration, the dual-frequency acoustic wave transmitter 12 above the acoustic sensor 17 alternately emits high-frequency and low-frequency acoustic waves, and the dual-frequency acoustic wave receiver 11 below the acoustic sensor 17 receives the signals. The information integration and processing module 13 divides the time difference between the transmitter and receiver by the propagation distance to obtain the longitudinal wave velocity of the geological structure at the penetration depth, and plots a one-dimensional profile of the longitudinal wave velocity. Then, it uses wave velocity and other basic physical properties such as soil density for extended calculations to obtain other mechanical parameters of the soil.

[0036] The information processing module 13 incorporates depth and level sensors, receiving and aggregating detection data from all other sensors to acquire data such as cone tip pore pressure, cone tip resistance, cone shoulder pore pressure, side friction resistance, real-time images, and one-dimensional continuous profiles of different ion concentrations and wave velocities in the measured area. All continuous profiles are matched with the depth coordinates obtained by the depth sensors, and multiple physical and mechanical parameters correspond one-to-one under the same depth coordinates. Furthermore, the information processing module 13 can further process and correct the measured parameters, automatically establishing a three-dimensional physical-mechanical integrated geological model of the frozen geological materials in the measured area through embedded algorithms.

[0037] In this application, the location of the annular storage compartment 8 is not limited to the location described in this embodiment, as long as the annular storage compartment 8 is set at equal intervals along the axial direction of the probe.

[0038] During the test, the probe penetrated vertically based on data from the horizontal sensor in the information processing module 13. Due to the relatively high strength of the strata in polar regions, the information processing module 13 monitored the data from the cone tip sensor 2 and the earth pressure sensor 9 in real time during penetration, dynamically adjusting the pressure values ​​to ensure uniform penetration and achieve precise control of the probe's penetration rate. When the values ​​of the cone tip sensor 2 and the earth pressure sensor 9 were too high or suddenly increased, the penetration rate would be limited if the original penetration force was maintained. In this case, the penetration force could be increased to keep the penetration rate constant. Conversely, when the values ​​of the cone tip sensor 2 and the earth pressure sensor 9 were too low or suddenly decreased, the penetration force was reduced accordingly to keep the penetration rate constant. Before penetration, all annular storage chambers were evacuated to a vacuum state using a vacuum pump. After penetration, the probe remained stationary in the strata. The sealing doors 21 of the water collection chamber 19 and the gas collection chamber 7 were opened, and liquid and gas samples were collected at equal intervals at the penetration depth under negative pressure. In addition, the information processing module 13 can acquire parameters such as the cone tip pore pressure obtained by the cone tip pore pressure sensor, the cone tip resistance obtained by the cone tip sensor 2, the cone shoulder pore pressure obtained by the cone shoulder pore pressure sensor 3, the side friction resistance obtained by the side friction resistance sensor 5, different particle concentrations obtained by the multi-parameter geochemical sensor 10, and the one-dimensional profile of the longitudinal wave velocity obtained by the acoustic wave sensor 17, and automatically establish a physical-mechanical three-dimensional integrated geological model of the frozen geological materials in the survey area. After the data acquisition is completed, the sealing door 21 is closed, the probe rod is raised, and the probe rod is retrieved.

[0039] The above provides a detailed description of the temperature-pressure feedback type temperature-controlled multi-parameter integrated probe suitable for polar engineering provided by this invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use this invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this invention. Therefore, this invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A temperature- and pressure-feedback type temperature-controlled multi-parameter integrated probe suitable for polar engineering, comprising a cone head and a rod body, wherein the cone head is fixed to the bottom end of the rod body, characterized in that: The outer side of the probe is coated with a heat-insulating coating (15). The tip of the cone is equipped with a cone tip orifice pressure sensor (1), and a cone tip sensor (2) is also installed on the cone. The rod body is equipped with a cone shoulder pore pressure sensor (3), a high-precision miniature camera (24), a temperature probe (22), a side friction resistance sensor (5), a soil pressure sensor (9), a multi-parameter geochemical sensor (10), an acoustic sensor (17), an information processing module (13), a power supply module (14), and a vacuum pump (26) from bottom to top. Each component is provided with a sealing ring (18). A temperature control core column (29) is fixed through the center of the rod body. A connecting screw (25) is provided at the end of the temperature control core column (29) facing the cone tip. The temperature control core column (29) is fixedly connected to the cone tip through the external thread at its end. The cone shoulder pore pressure sensor (3), the side friction resistance sensor (5), the soil pressure sensor (9), the multi-parameter geochemical sensor (10), the acoustic sensor (17), the power supply module (14), and the temperature control core column (29) are electrically connected to the information processing module (13) respectively. The cone shoulder pressure sensor (3) is fixedly pressed between the cone tip and the high-precision miniature camera (24). The high-precision miniature camera (24) is fixed on the rotating ring (4). The rotating ring (4) rotates 360° around the rod. The rotating ring (4) is connected to the connecting screw (25) at the end of the temperature control core column (29) through the internal thread on its inner surface. The temperature probe (22) is set above the high-precision miniature camera and is evenly spaced along the same height direction around the rod. One end of the temperature probe (22) is fixedly connected to the temperature control core column (29). Several annular storage chambers (8) are evenly spaced along the axial direction on the rod. Each annular storage chamber (8) is equipped with a partition, which divides the annular storage chamber (8) into a water collection chamber (19) and a gas collection chamber (7). Both the side walls of the water collection chamber (19) and the gas collection chamber (7) are provided with openings. Both the openings of the water collection chamber (19) and the gas collection chamber (7) are provided with sealing doors (20). The inner side of the sealing door of the water collection chamber (19) is provided with a filter membrane (21), and the inner side of the sealing door of the gas collection chamber (7) is provided with a waterproof and breathable microporous membrane (6). The various annular storage chambers (8) on the rod are connected by a gas guide pipe (28). The gas guide pipe (28) is located at the center of the temperature control core column (29), and the top of the gas guide pipe (28) is connected to a vacuum pump (26) located at the top of the rod. The vacuum pump (26) is provided with an exhaust port (27).

2. The temperature-pressure feedback type temperature-controlled multi-parameter integrated probe suitable for polar engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-precision miniature camera (24) includes a high-definition lens (27'), a zoom aperture (28'), and a light source (23).

3. The temperature-pressure feedback type temperature-controlled multi-parameter integrated probe for polar engineering as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The earth pressure sensors (9) are evenly spaced along the same height direction around the pole.

4. The temperature-pressure feedback type temperature-controlled multi-parameter integrated probe suitable for polar engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-parameter geochemical sensor (10) adopts a semi-permeable sidewall. Several through holes are arranged at intervals on the rod sidewall outside the multi-parameter geochemical sensor (10). The multi-parameter geochemical sensor has a built-in ion selective electrode.

5. The temperature-pressure feedback type temperature-controlled multi-parameter integrated probe suitable for polar engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acoustic wave sensor (17) is equipped with dual-frequency piezoelectric transducers at its upper and lower ends. The transducer above the acoustic wave sensor (17) is a dual-frequency acoustic wave transmitter (12), and the transducer below the acoustic wave sensor (17) is a dual-frequency acoustic wave receiver (11). During the penetration process, the dual-frequency acoustic wave transmitter (12) above the acoustic wave sensor (17) alternately emits high-frequency and low-frequency acoustic waves, and the dual-frequency acoustic wave receiver (11) below the acoustic wave sensor (17) receives the signal.

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