A system and method for monitoring the operating state of a high voltage bushing based on broadband acoustic

Abstract

The application is a system and method for monitoring the operation state of high-voltage bushing based on wideband acoustic, belonging to the technical field of transformer high-voltage bushing operation state monitoring; solves the problems of existing monitoring, such as contacting live equipment, lagging fault response, changing equipment structure, and measurement results being susceptible to interference; includes a linkage monitoring device and a server arranged on one side of the transformer high-voltage bushing; the linkage monitoring device includes a wideband transceiving transducer, a data acquisition module, and a communication module; the wideband transceiving transducer receives the reflected acoustic signals of the high-voltage bushing cable section, transition section, and joint section through emitting acoustic waves; the data acquisition module sends the reflected signals to the server through the communication module; the server has an analysis program built-in; the acoustic signals of the high-voltage bushing cable section, transition section, and joint section collected are drawn into a spectrum image through Fourier transform, compared with the spectrum image of the normal high-voltage bushing reflected signals, and the analysis result is obtained; the application is applied to high-voltage bushing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application provides a system and method for monitoring the operation state of a high-voltage bushing based on broadband acoustics, and belongs to the technical field of monitoring the operation state of a transformer high-voltage bushing. BACKGROUND

[0002] A high-voltage bushing is an important component of a transformer. In recent years, malignant accidents of power systems caused by bushing explosions and fires have occurred from time to time, resulting in serious economic losses. At present, the online monitoring technology for the operation state of a high-voltage bushing needs to be improved. Online monitoring technologies such as partial discharge and chromatography have few applications on bushings, and there are problems such as contacting live equipment, lagging fault response, changing the structure of the equipment, and the measurement results being susceptible to interference, and the monitoring safety and effect need to be improved.

[0003] The existing test technology for online monitoring of the insulation performance of a transformer bushing collects the current signals at the ends of the transformer bushing through a current sensor, calculates the dielectric loss difference of the transformer bushing through the current signals at the two ends, and then realizes online monitoring of the transformer bushing. This method needs to measure the voltage phase of the upstream bus of the transformer bushing to calculate the dielectric loss value, and there is an error in the process of obtaining the voltage phase, especially the collection of current signals at the ends of the voltage bushing in the electromagnetic environment of a substation.

[0004] The acoustic array monitoring does not contact live equipment and can track the changes in the operation state of the equipment in real time. Therefore, the application provides a system and method for monitoring the operation state of a high-voltage bushing based on broadband acoustics. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the application solves the technical problem of providing an improved hardware structure of a system for monitoring the operation state of a high-voltage bushing based on broadband acoustics.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the application adopts the technical scheme of a system for monitoring the operation state of a high-voltage bushing based on broadband acoustics, comprising a linkage monitoring device and a server arranged on one side of a transformer high-voltage bushing. The linkage monitoring device comprises a broadband transceiving transducer, a data acquisition module, and a communication module. The broadband transceiving transducer receives reflected acoustic wave signals of the high-voltage bushing cable section, the transition section, and the joint section through the emission of acoustic waves. The data acquisition module performs analog-to-digital conversion on the reflected signals received by the broadband transceiving transducer and sends the signals to the server through the communication module. The server has an analysis program built-in. The acoustic wave signals of the high-voltage bushing cable section, the transition section, and the joint section collected by the server are drawn into a frequency spectrum image through Fourier transform, compared with the frequency spectrum image of the reflected signals of a normal high-voltage bushing, and an analysis result is obtained.

[0007] The frequency band range of the broadband transceiving transducer can cover the audible sound and ultrasonic frequency bands.

[0008] The data acquisition module and the communication module are connected with the power module through wires respectively, and the power module comprises a lithium battery and a voltage stabilizing module.

[0009] The wideband transceiver comprises a transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter is arranged on the linkage monitoring device, the transmitted incident signal is taken as an excitation signal to be transmitted to the high-voltage bushing, and the reflected signal is collected by the receiver again.

[0010] The communication module specifically adopts a 4G module or a 5G module.

[0011] A method for monitoring the operation state of a high-voltage bushing based on wideband acoustics, and a system for monitoring the operation state of a high-voltage bushing based on wideband acoustics, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1: arranging the linkage monitoring device on one side of the transformer high-voltage bushing, wherein the acoustic wave signals transmitted by the wideband transceiver can cover the cable section, the transition section and the joint section of the high-voltage bushing;

[0013] S2: the wideband transceiver transmits and receives pulse signals, the transmitted incident signal is taken as an excitation signal to be transmitted to the high-voltage bushing, and the reflected signal is collected by the transducer again;

[0014] S3: performing data processing and analysis on the collected reflected signals, first performing Fourier transform on the data to draw a signal spectrum image in the interval time, then taking the reflected signal spectrum of the cable section, the transition section and the joint section of the transformer high-voltage bushing under various voltages in the laboratory as a reference spectrum, comparing and analyzing the collected spectrum image of the high-voltage bushing with the reference spectrum, and obtaining an analysis result.

[0015] The collected reflected signals are sent to the server through the communication module in the linkage monitoring device, the server determines whether the three parts of the monitored transformer high-voltage bushing meet the requirement of continuing normal work by analyzing the spectrum signal of the qualified high-voltage bushing, obtains a result report, and finally determines whether the high-voltage bushing of the transformer needs to be replaced.

[0016] The reference spectrum is determined as follows:

[0017] The sampling data is subjected to Fourier frequency domain transform to draw a spectrum curve, the fundamental frequency is calculated according to the screen size and scaling definition of the equipment and the hardware sampling rate, and all the pixel points on the full screen are taken.

[0018] First, all pixels are initially screened using bubble sort to select higher points. Then, the local highest points in the spectrum are selected. The selection principle is to compare the difference between the selected point and its adjacent points. If the difference is greater than the difference between the two points, it is the local highest point. Otherwise, the larger point is selected and the above operation is repeated. Finally, the interval between adjacent local highest points is calculated and used as the fundamental frequency.

[0019] In the local highest point cluster, the difference between the first point (which is the first in the highest point order) and the last point (which is the last in the highest point order) is calculated as the frequency range difference between the two points. The number of local highest points between the two points is used as the divisor. The quotient of the two is then used to calculate the fundamental frequency of the spectrum line.

[0020] The determination of whether the three parts of the monitored transformer high-voltage bushing meet the requirements for continued normal operation is based on the acquisition of the fundamental frequency standard value of the high-voltage bushing during the experiment using qualified high-voltage bushings of different models. The frequency domain spectrum curve of the high-voltage bushing is monitored. If the fundamental frequency value deviates significantly or cannot be obtained, a high-voltage bushing hazard warning is output. The beneficial effects of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: The system provided by this invention, based on broadband acoustic monitoring of the high-voltage bushing's operating status, can cover the audible and ultrasonic frequency bands through its broadband acoustic monitoring performance. It has a good monitoring effect on defects such as loosening and discharge. Furthermore, it achieves sound source localization based on beamforming technology, providing intuitive monitoring results. This reduces the errors of previous methods that relied on current sensors to collect current signals from the transformer bushing's end screen and the voltage transformers at both ends of the same busbar to calculate the high-voltage bushing's dielectric loss difference. Simultaneously, it meets the requirement of remote monitoring of the high-voltage bushing's real-time status, effectively improving the safe operation level of the high-voltage bushing and reducing the probability of serious accidents. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A frequency domain diagram plotted by Fourier transform of the reflected signal collected after excitation by a broadband transceiver transducer for a cable section of a high-voltage bushing with severe losses.

[0024] Figure 3 The frequency domain diagram of the reflected signal collected after the broadband transceiver transducer excites the transition section of a certain type of high-voltage bushing with severe losses, and plotted using Fourier transform.

[0025] Figure 4 A frequency domain diagram plotted by Fourier transform of the reflected signal collected after excitation by a broadband transceiver transducer for the joint section of a certain type of high-voltage bushing with severe losses.

[0026] Figure 5The frequency domain graph drawn by Fourier transform for the reflected signal collected after a certain type of simulation qualified high voltage bushing cable section is excited by a wide frequency band transceiver;

[0027] Figure 6 The frequency domain graph drawn by Fourier transform for the reflected signal collected after a certain type of simulation qualified high voltage bushing transition section is excited by a wide frequency band transceiver;

[0028] Figure 7 The frequency domain graph drawn by Fourier transform for the reflected signal collected after a certain type of simulation qualified high voltage bushing joint section is excited by a wide frequency band transceiver;

[0029] In the figure: 1 is a high voltage bushing, 2 is a cable section, 3 is a transition section, 4 is a joint section, 5 is a wide frequency band transceiver, 6 is a data acquisition module, 7 is a communication module, and 8 is a server. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] As shown in Figures 1-7 The system for monitoring the running state of a high voltage bushing based on wide frequency acoustics includes a linkage monitoring device arranged on one side of a transformer high voltage bushing and a server. The linkage monitoring device includes a wide frequency band transceiver, a data acquisition module, and a communication module. The wide frequency band transceiver receives reflected acoustic wave signals of a high voltage bushing cable section, a transition section, and a joint section to be measured by emitting acoustic waves. The data acquisition module sends the reflected signals received by the wide frequency band transceiver to the server through the communication module after analog-to-digital conversion. The server has an analysis program built-in. The acoustic wave signals of the high voltage bushing cable section, the transition section, and the joint section collected are drawn into a frequency spectrum image by Fourier transform. The frequency spectrum image is compared with a normal high voltage bushing reflected signal frequency spectrum image to obtain an analysis result.

[0031] The frequency band range of the wide frequency band transceiver can cover audible sound and ultrasonic frequency bands.

[0032] The data acquisition module and the communication module are respectively connected to a power module through wires. The power module includes a lithium battery and a voltage stabilizing module.

[0033] The wide frequency band transceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter is arranged on the linkage monitoring device. The transmitter emits a pulse signal. The emitted incident signal is transmitted to the high voltage bushing as an excitation signal. The reflected signal of the high voltage bushing is collected by the receiver.

[0034] The communication module specifically adopts a 4G module or a 5G module.

[0035] A method for monitoring the running state of a high voltage bushing based on wide frequency acoustics adopts a system for monitoring the running state of a high voltage bushing based on wide frequency acoustics. The method includes the following steps:

[0036] S1: The linkage monitoring device is arranged at one side of the transformer high voltage bushing, wherein the acoustic wave signals emitted by the wideband transceiver can cover the cable section, transition section and joint section of the high voltage bushing;

[0037] S2: The wideband transceiver transmits and receives pulse signals, and the emitted incident signals are transmitted to the high voltage bushing, and the reflected signals are collected by the transducer again;

[0038] S3: The collected reflected signals are processed and analyzed, first, the data are Fourier transformed to draw the signal spectrum image in the interval time, then the reflected signal spectrum of the cable section, transition section and joint section of the transformer high voltage bushing under various voltages in the laboratory is taken as the reference spectrum, the collected spectrum image of the high voltage bushing is compared with the reference spectrum for analysis, and the analysis result is obtained.

[0039] The collected reflected signals are sent to the server through the communication module in the linkage monitoring device, the server analyzes and determines whether the three parts of the monitored transformer high voltage bushing meet the requirement of continuing normal work through the spectrum signal of the qualified high voltage bushing, obtains the result report, and finally determines whether the high voltage bushing of the transformer needs to be replaced.

[0040] Whether the three parts of the monitored transformer high voltage bushing meet the requirement of continuing normal work is specifically determined by comparing the reference spectrum with the collected spectrum image, and identifying the looseness and discharge defects of the high voltage bushing.

[0041] The judgment of the reference spectrum is as follows:

[0042] The sampling data is Fourier transformed in the frequency domain to draw the spectrum curve, and the fundamental frequency is calculated according to the screen size and scaling clarity of the equipment and the hardware sampling rate;

[0043] Firstly, all the pixel points are preliminarily screened by using bubble sorting, and then the local highest points in the spectrum image are selected, the selection principle is that if the difference between the selected point and the adjacent points is greater than the left and right, it is the local highest point, otherwise, the larger point is selected, and the above operation is repeated, and finally the interval between the adjacent local highest points is calculated as the fundamental frequency.

[0044] In the point stack of the local highest point, the difference between the first point with the highest point order and the last point with the highest point stack order is calculated, the frequency segment difference value between the two points is taken as the dividend, and the number of local highest points between the two points is taken as the divisor, and the quotient is further calculated to obtain the fundamental frequency of the spectrum line.

[0045] The judgment of whether three parts of the monitored transformer high-voltage bushing meet the requirement of continuing normal work is specifically based on the standard value of the fundamental frequency of the high-voltage bushing obtained in the experimental process of different types of qualified high-voltage bushings, and the frequency domain spectrum curve obtained by monitoring the transformer high-voltage bushing, if the fundamental frequency value is too large or the fundamental frequency value cannot be obtained, the high-voltage bushing hidden danger early warning prompt is output.

[0046] The system for monitoring the operation state of the high-voltage bushing based on wideband acoustics provided by the application can cover audible sound and ultrasonic frequency bands by using a wideband acoustic transceiving transducer, has good monitoring effect on defects such as looseness and discharge, and realizes sound source positioning based on beam forming technology, so that the defect monitoring and positioning of the high-voltage bushing can be realized.

[0047] The system includes a linkage monitoring device arranged on one side of the transformer high-voltage bushing, transmits and receives pulse signals through a wideband transceiving transducer in the device, transmits the transmitted incident signals as excitation signals to the high-voltage bushing, and then collects the reflected signals through the transducer, and analyzes the collected reflected signals, first, the data is subjected to Fourier transform to draw a signal spectrum image in the interval time. Then, the reflected signal spectrum (frequency domain image) of the cable section, the transition section and the joint section of the qualified transformer high-voltage bushing under various voltages in the laboratory is taken as the basis for comparison and analysis. The collected reflected signals are transmitted to the server through the 4G / 5G module in the linkage monitoring device. The server analyzes and determines whether the three parts of the transformer bushing meet the requirement of continuing normal work by using the spectrum signal of the qualified high-voltage bushing, obtains a result report, and finally determines whether the high-voltage bushing of the transformer needs to be replaced, thereby reducing the error of calculating the high-voltage bushing die loss difference by collecting the current signals of the transformer bushing end screen and the voltage transformer two-end current signals of the same bus through the current sensor, and at the same time meeting the purpose of remote monitoring of the real-time state of the high-voltage bushing, which can effectively improve the safe operation level of the high-voltage bushing and reduce the probability of occurrence of malignant accidents.

[0048] Through Figures 2-6 The spectrum data of the qualified high-voltage bushing and the defective high-voltage bushing collected, the return data collected by the qualified bushing are simulated, and the regular spectrum image can be obtained through data processing and analysis, and the fundamental frequency data of the frequency graph can be obtained. The return data collected by the high-voltage bushing with serious loss is relatively chaotic, and the internal damage is serious.

[0049] The base frequency determination step of the present application is: the sampling data is subjected to Fourier frequency domain transformation, and a frequency spectrum curve is drawn. According to the equipment screen size and scaling resolution and the hardware sampling rate, for example, a 10.1-inch three-proofing tablet computer is used, which is 242.8 mm long, 189.7 mm wide, and 13.4 mm high, and the scaling size in the X-axis direction of the screen is 2 times, and the scaling size in the Y-axis direction of the screen is 1 time of the original size, that is, unchanged, the total 4096 points of the full screen are taken to calculate the base frequency. First, the 4096 points are subjected to preliminary screening, and the higher points are screened out by using bubble sorting to reduce the workload as much as possible, then the local (the local range can be selected as 10, 20, 30 points as a group) highest point in the frequency spectrum graph is selected, the screening principle is that the difference between the point and the adjacent points before and after is compared, if it is greater than the left and right, it is the local highest point, otherwise, the larger point is selected, and the above operation is repeated, and finally the interval between the adjacent local highest points is calculated as the base frequency. In order to reduce the error, the difference between the first point with the highest point order as the first and the last point with the highest point order as the tail in the point stack of the local highest point is calculated, the frequency segment difference value between the two points is taken as the dividend, and the number of local highest points between the two points is taken as the divisor, and the quotient is calculated, that is, the base frequency of the frequency spectrum line. Then, according to the base frequency value standard value of the high-voltage sleeve obtained in the experimental process of different types of qualified high-voltage sleeves, the frequency domain frequency spectrum curve obtained by monitoring the transformer high-voltage sleeve is obtained, if the base frequency value is too large or the base frequency value cannot be obtained, the high-voltage sleeve has a high probability of having hidden dangers.

[0050] It should be noted that the connection relationship between the components and modules used in the present application is definite and can be realized. Except for the special description in the embodiments, the specific connection relationship can bring corresponding technical effects, and based on the premise of not relying on the execution of the corresponding software program, the technical problems proposed by the present application are solved. The model, connection mode of the components, modules, and specific components appearing in the present application are all existing technologies that can be obtained by the skilled in the art before the filing date, such as published patents, published journal papers, or common knowledge, and do not need to be described in detail. Therefore, the technical solutions provided by the present application are clear, complete, and realizable, and the corresponding entity products can be reproduced or obtained according to the technical means.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the operating state of a high-voltage bushing based on broadband acoustics, using a system for monitoring the operating state of a high-voltage bushing based on broadband acoustics, characterized in that: The system comprises a linkage monitoring device and a server arranged on one side of the transformer high-voltage bushing, the linkage monitoring device comprises a wideband transceiver, a data acquisition module and a communication module, the wideband transceiver receives reflected acoustic wave signals of the high-voltage bushing cable section, transition section and joint section by emitting acoustic waves, the data acquisition module sends the reflected signals received by the wideband transceiver to the server through the communication module after analog-to-digital conversion, and the server is internally provided with an analysis program, which draws a frequency spectrum image of the collected acoustic wave signals of the high-voltage bushing cable section, transition section and joint section through Fourier transform, compares the frequency spectrum image with a normal high-voltage bushing reflected signal frequency spectrum image, and obtains an analysis result; The frequency band range of the wideband transceiver can cover audible sound and ultrasonic frequency bands. The method comprises the following steps: S1: arranging the linkage monitoring device on one side of the transformer high-voltage bushing, wherein the acoustic wave signals emitted by the wideband transceiver can cover the high-voltage bushing cable section, transition section and joint section; S2: the wideband transceiver transmits and receives pulse signals, transmits the emitted incident signals as excitation signals to the high-voltage bushing, and then collects the reflected signals of the high-voltage bushing through the transceiver; S3: performing data processing and analysis on the collected reflected signals, first performing Fourier transform on the data to draw a signal frequency spectrum image in the interval time, then taking the reflected signal frequency spectrum of the cable section, transition section and joint section of the transformer high-voltage bushing in the laboratory as a reference frequency spectrum, comparing and analyzing the collected frequency spectrum image of the high-voltage bushing with the reference frequency spectrum, and obtaining an analysis result; The judgment of the reference frequency spectrum is as follows: After the sampling data is subjected to Fourier frequency domain transform, a frequency spectrum curve is drawn, the fundamental frequency is calculated by taking all the pixel points of the full screen according to the screen size of the equipment, the scaling clarity and the hardware sampling rate; First, all the pixel points are preliminarily screened by using bubble sort to screen out higher points, then the local maximum points in the frequency spectrum image are selected, the screening principle is to compare the difference between the selected point and the adjacent points, if the difference is greater than the left and right, it is the local maximum point, otherwise, the larger point is selected, the above operation is repeated, and finally the interval between the adjacent local maximum points is calculated as the fundamental frequency; In the point stack of the local maximum point, the difference between the first point with the highest point order and the last point with the tail order of the highest point stack is calculated, the difference value between the frequency of the two points is taken as the dividend, and the number of local maximum points between the two points is taken as the divisor, and the quotient is further calculated to obtain the fundamental frequency of the frequency spectrum line.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: The data acquisition module and the communication module are respectively connected with the power module through wires, and the power module comprises a lithium battery and a voltage stabilizing module.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: The wideband transceiver comprises a transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter is arranged on the linkage monitoring device, emits pulse signals through the transmitter, transmits the emitted incident signals as excitation signals to the high-voltage bushing, and then collects the reflected signals of the high-voltage bushing through the receiver.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: The communication module specifically adopts a 4G module or a 5G module.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: The collected reflection signal is sent to the server through the communication module in the linkage monitoring device, the server determines whether the three parts of the monitored transformer high-voltage sleeve meet the requirement of continuing normal work through the analysis of the homogenous high-voltage sleeve qualified spectrum signal, obtains a result report, and finally determines whether the high-voltage sleeve of the transformer needs to be replaced.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: The determination of whether the three parts of the monitored transformer high-voltage sleeve meet the requirement of continuing normal work is specifically based on the standard value of the fundamental frequency of the high-voltage sleeve obtained in the experimental process of different types of qualified high-voltage sleeves, and the frequency domain spectrum curve obtained by monitoring the transformer high-voltage sleeve. If the fundamental frequency value deviates too much or the fundamental frequency value cannot be obtained, a high-voltage sleeve hidden danger early warning prompt is output.

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