Automatic configuration method for ship transmission device

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for automatically configuring a ship transmission, belonging to the technical field of transmissions. The method comprises the following steps: determining the total transmission ratio from each engine to a propeller and the maximum number of transmission stages allowed by the transmission; obtaining the optimal number of transmission stages from each engine to a propeller based on the maximum number of transmission stages; selecting the maximum number of transmission stages k among the optimal number of transmission stages from each engine to a propeller; arranging the vertices of a transmission graph model using k+3 as the total number of vertex layers in the graph model; connecting the arranged graph model vertices by vertex layer; determining the unit type and the numbering method for the edges of the graph model, and numbering the vertices and edges of the graph model; screening the generated graph models and retaining those that conform to logic; and mapping the user-selected transmission graph model into a transmission configuration. This method can automatically generate graph models for all transmissions, effectively improving the design efficiency of ship transmissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of transmission devices, and in particular relates to an automatic configuration method for a ship transmission device. Background Art

[0002] The ship design process encompasses conceptual design, preliminary design, and overall schematic design. The cost of the product design phase can account for up to 90% of the product's entire lifecycle cost, with conceptual design accounting for approximately 70%-80%. Currently, conceptual design of transmissions has yet to be addressed in the ship design field. Research on these systems primarily focuses on key parameter calculations, vibration and noise reduction methods, and impact resistance, with little research on their conceptual design. Furthermore, the complex structure of ship transmissions creates a diversity and uncertainty in transmission configuration options.

[0003] Due to the lack of research on ship transmission design, designers' own design biases, and limitations in knowledge, experience, design methods and means, there are relatively few transmission schemes that have been put into use, and many potential schemes that meet design requirements have been ignored or omitted, resulting in insufficient innovation in ship transmission research and a lack of independent research and development capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for automatically configuring a ship transmission device. This method, based on the characteristics of the ship transmission device, first summarizes the method for generating a graph theory model framework for the ship transmission device, including determining the number of transmission stages of the transmission device, generating candidate solutions, and formulating a composition method for the graph theory model units in the ship transmission device, including the transmission unit group type, graph theory model unit composition description, and graph theory model edge and vertex numbering rules. After obtaining the candidate solutions, the candidate solutions are screened by formulating a ship transmission device graph theory model screening rule. Finally, the desired configuration is obtained according to the formulated graph theory model-configuration mapping rule. The present invention can realize fully automatic configuration and rapid innovative design of ship transmission devices, effectively improve the design efficiency of ship transmission devices, and adapt to the competitive needs of the future shipbuilding industry.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for automatically configuring a ship transmission device comprises the following steps:

[0007] Determine the total transmission ratio from each engine to the propeller and the maximum number of gear stages allowed by the transmission;

[0008] Obtaining an optimal transmission level from each engine to the propeller according to the maximum transmission level;

[0009] Select the maximum transmission level k among the optimal transmission levels from each engine to the propeller;

[0010] Arrange the vertices of the transmission graph model with k+3 as the total number of layers of the graph model vertices;

[0011] Connect the arranged graph model vertices according to the vertex layer;

[0012] Determine the unit type and the numbering method of the graph model edges, and number the vertices and edges of the graph model;

[0013] Screen the generated graph theory models and retain the logical graph theory models;

[0014] Mapping graph theoretical models into transmission configurations.

[0015] Preferably, the minimum weight method is used to determine the optimal number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] According to the maximum level max input by the user, the range of level i is determined to be 0 <i≤max;

[0017] The weight m of the gear transmission device under different transmission stages is calculated according to the gear transmission device weight calculation function f(i,a), where i is the transmission stage and a is the total transmission ratio of the transmission device;

[0018] The transmission level i corresponding to the minimum transmission weight m within the transmission level range is taken as the optimal transmission level.

[0019] Preferably, the vertices of the graph model are arranged in layers, and the vertices of each layer are arranged from top to bottom. According to the maximum number of transmission levels k, the total number of layers is determined to be k+3 layers, where the first layer is the engine layer with n1 vertices. The vertex arrangement rules are as follows:

[0020] a. The number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller is the same

[0021] The k+3th layer is the propeller layer with n vertices. k+3 , the second layer vertices should be components directly connected to the engine vertices, so the number of vertices in the second layer n2 = n1;

[0022] The k+2th layer is the component directly connected to the propeller, so the number of vertices in this layer is n k+2 =n k+3 ,The branch with the maximum power considered is the 3-way splitting case, so except for the 2nd and k+2th layers, the maximum number of vertices in each layer does not exceed 3 times the total number of vertices in the previous layer;

[0023] In summary, the number of fixed points n at each layer is determined according to the characteristics of the ship transmission device. i The value range of is:

[0024]

[0025] b. The number of transmission stages from the engine to the propeller is not exactly the same

[0026] Assume that the number of engines in the transmission system is 2, and the transmission stages from the two engines to the propellers are k1 and k2 respectively, and k1>k2, k1-k2=k Δ According to the above conditions, the total number of vertex layers is k1+3. Engine 1→propeller should have vertices in each layer, and engine 2→propeller should have vertices in 2~k layers. Δ There are no vertices in the +1 layer. According to the characteristics of the ship transmission device, the engine is only connected to one vertex in the graph theory model. Therefore, in the kth layer, Δ +2 levels of vertex count

[0027] When the number of engines is n and n ≥ 3, the number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller is k1>k2>k3…>k n At this time, according to the method described in the previous paragraph, the first-level vertex arrangement of engine 2 is performed first, then the first-level vertex arrangement of engine 3, and so on, finally arranging the first-level vertex layer of engine n.

[0028] Preferably, the step of connecting the arranged graph theory model vertices by vertex layer comprises the following steps:

[0029] After determining the vertex arrangement of the graph model, the edges connecting the vertices of each layer in the model are generated in order from the lowest to the highest layer. Since there are two types of vertex arrangement rules, the connection methods between vertices should also be divided into the following two cases:

[0030] a. The number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller is the same

[0031] According to the relationship between the number of vertices in two adjacent layers, the connection mode and edge layout between vertices are divided into the following cases for consideration, where i and i+1 represent the layer numbers of the two adjacent layers of vertices respectively;

[0032] 1)n i+1 =n i When , each vertex in layer i is connected to the vertex in layer i+1 in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0033] 2)n i+1 =2n i When , each vertex in layer i is connected to the two adjacent vertices in layer i+1 to achieve power splitting;

[0034] 3)ni+1 =3n i When , the vertex in layer i is sequentially connected to the three adjacent vertices in layer i+1 to achieve power splitting;

[0035] 4)n i+1 = 1, all vertices in layer i are connected to the only vertex in layer i+1 to achieve power confluence;

[0036] 5)1 <n i+1 <n i When n i Divide by n i+1 The quotient is x and the remainder is y. The first y vertices in the i+1 layer are connected to the adjacent x+1 vertices in the i layer, and the remaining vertices in the i+1 layer are connected to the adjacent x vertices in the i layer.

[0037] 6)n i <n i+1 <2n i In order to make the power and torque evenly transmitted to the greatest extent possible, the first n i+1 -n i Each vertex is connected to the two adjacent vertices in the i+1 layer, and the remaining vertices in the i layer are connected one-to-one with the remaining vertices in the i+1 layer;

[0038] 7)2n i <n i+1 <3n i When n i+1 Divide by n i The quotient is x and the remainder is y. The first y vertices in layer i are connected to the x+1 adjacent vertices in layer i+1, and the remaining vertices in layer i are connected to the x adjacent vertices in layer i+1. For the remaining vertices in layer i and layer i+1, connect them according to the steps in step 6).

[0039] Starting from the input layer, determine the connection between the vertices of two adjacent layers in sequence until the output layer, and set the arrows of all connections to point from the vertices of the previous layer to the vertices of the next layer;

[0040] b. The number of transmission stages from the engine to the propeller is not exactly the same

[0041] For this case, assume that the number of engines in the transmission device is 2, and the transmission levels from engine 1 and engine 2 to the propeller are k1 and k2 respectively, and k1>k2, k1-k2=k Δ , the connection rules are as follows:

[0042] 1) The number of vertices in the second layer should be equal to the number of engines with the maximum number of transmission stages. For this example, the number of vertices in the second layer is 1, 3~k Δ +1 layer vertices are connected according to the rules in a;

[0043] 2) When engine 2 and k Δ +1 layer vertices and k Δ +2 layers of unique vertex connections to achieve power confluence;

[0044] 3) When k Δ +1 layer vertices follow the rules in a and k Δ +2 layers of vertices are connected, engine 2 and k Δ +Connect any one of the 2nd layer vertices;

[0045] 4) When k Δ +1 layer vertices and k Δ +2 layers of front and center The vertices are connected according to the rules in a, and engine 2 and k Δ +2nd floor Vertex, that is, the last vertex is connected;

[0046] When the number of engines is n and n ≥ 3, the number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller is k1>k2>k3…>k n First, connect engine 2 with its first-level vertex according to the rules described in the previous paragraph, then connect engine 3 with its first-level vertex, and so on until connecting engine n.

[0047] Preferably, the determining of the unit type and the numbering method of the edges of the graph theory model, and numbering the vertices and edges of the graph theory model, specifically comprises the following steps:

[0048] Determine the type of ship transmission unit;

[0049] Determine the vertex labeling rules for the graph theory model of ship transmission;

[0050] The connection numbers of various transmission units are specified as follows:

[0051] The line connecting the herringbone gear pair is numbered 1, the line connecting the helical gear pair is numbered 2, the line connecting the bevel gear pair is numbered 3, the line connecting the planetary gear train is numbered 4, and the line connecting the engine to the first-level vertex and the line connecting the second-to-last vertex to the propeller are not numbered;

[0052] When numbering the lines in the graph theory model, each line needs to be labeled to distinguish different configurations. When numbering the lines from vertices other than those connected to the engine and propeller, in addition to the connection type of the vertex, the serial number of the transmission unit connected to it in the shaft system and the serial number of the transmission unit connected to it in the shaft system are added;

[0053] The first digit of each edge number indicates the connection type, the second digit is the position number of the component connected by the edge in its shaft system, and the serial numbers increase from left to right. The third digit indicates the position number of the component connected by the edge on its shaft system, and the serial numbers increase from left to right. The line connecting shaft system A to shaft system C is numbered 1①①, indicating that the first herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system A is connected to the first herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system C. The line connecting shaft system B to shaft system C is numbered 1②③, indicating that the second herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system B is connected to the third herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system C. The line connecting shaft system C to shaft system D is numbered 1②①, indicating that the second herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system C is connected to the first herringbone gear on shaft system D. All configurations are comprehensively listed through this numbering method.

[0054] Preferably, the types of the ship transmission unit include: herringbone gear pair, helical gear pair, bevel gear pair, and planetary gear train.

[0055] Preferably, the generated graph theory model is screened, and the screening rules specifically include:

[0056] According to the connectivity screening of the graph theory model, the output power of each engine can flow to each propeller, so that the failure of a certain engine will not cause the propeller to stop rotating. This is reflected in the graph theory model as the path between the input layer vertex and the output layer vertex is connected;

[0057] The multi-engine ship transmission system has a flow-dividing and flow-converging structure. By summarizing the configuration of the ship transmission device, it is found that the number of converging structures in the ship transmission device should be equal to the number of propellers. That is, there is a converging deceleration before the power is transmitted to each propeller. This situation is reflected in the graph theory model. In the graph theory model of each ship transmission device, the number of points with an in-degree greater than 1 should be equal to the number of propellers.

[0058] Screening according to the connection logic of the transmission unit shows that different types of gear pairs are directly connected during the generation of the graph theory model of the ship transmission device. This type of graph theory model does not conform to the connection logic of the transmission unit, so the graph theory model containing this situation should be deleted.

[0059] Preferably, the mapping of the graph theory model to the transmission device configuration includes the following mapping rules:

[0060] The type of the driving gear or driven gear contained in the vertex corresponds to the first digit of the number of the incoming or outgoing line of the vertex;

[0061] The number of gears on the shaft system represented by each vertex should be equal to the maximum value of the third digit of all the numbers of the lines connected to the vertex and the third digit of all the numbers of the lines connected to the vertex;

[0062] When arranging gears on the shaft system, they should be arranged from left to right. First, the vertex incoming line number is numbered according to the third digit and the outgoing line number is numbered according to the second digit. All vertex connecting line numbers are sorted from small to large, and the gears are arranged from left to right on the shaft system according to the type of meshing pair.

[0063] For the vertex connected to the propeller, if the first digit of the line number is 4, then the vertex represents a planetary gear train;

[0064] When the graph theory model is mapped to a configuration, each gear is automatically connected to a bearing, that is, each gear in the configuration is a gear with a bearing.

[0065] The automatic configuration method of a ship transmission device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0066] The automatic configuration method provided by the present invention can automatically generate all logical transmission configurations by simply providing basic parameters such as the engine speed, propeller speed and the maximum number of transmission stages allowed by the transmission. Compared with the current method of manually generating ship transmission configurations, the present invention can obtain more potential solutions that meet design requirements.

[0067] This invention utilizes computers to design marine power plants, significantly shortening the design cycle and costs while improving design quality. Leveraging the computer's powerful computing capabilities, transmission solutions can be exhaustively enumerated, thus avoiding the omissions that occur during manual design. Furthermore, programming methods can be used to build a "knowledge base" that unifies and organizes the rules for marine transmission solutions, enabling the selection and revision of transmission solutions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and its design, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for this embodiment. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0069] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for automatically configuring a ship transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 2 Flowchart for determining the optimal number of transmission stages using the minimum weight method;

[0071] Figure 3 There are multiple configurations corresponding to a graph theory model;

[0072] Figure 4 An example diagram of edge numbering. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention and to be able to implement it, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] The present invention provides a method for automatically configuring a ship transmission device, specifically as follows Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0076] Step 1: Determine the working conditions.

[0077] 1) Enter the RPM of each engine and the RPM of the propeller to determine the overall gear ratio of each engine to the propeller.

[0078] 2) Enter the maximum number of transmission stages allowed by the transmission device.

[0079] Step 2: Determine the transmission level of the transmission device.

[0080] Based on the total transmission ratio of each engine to propeller obtained in step (1) and the maximum transmission level allowed by the transmission device, the minimum weight method is used to determine the optimal transmission level of each engine to propeller. The minimum weight method for determining the optimal transmission level is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0081] According to the maximum level max input by the user, the range of level i is determined to be 0 <i≤max。

[0082] The weight m of the gear transmission device under different transmission stages is calculated according to the weight calculation function f(i,a) of the gear transmission device. In the weight calculation function f(i,a), i is the transmission stage and a is the total transmission ratio of the transmission device.

[0083] The transmission level i corresponding to the minimum transmission weight m within the transmission level range is taken as the optimal transmission level.

[0084] Step 3: Select the maximum transmission level k among the optimal transmission levels from each engine to the propeller.

[0085] Step 4: Formulate vertex arrangement rules and vertex connection rules for the transmission device graph theory model.

[0086] In the present invention, the vertices of the graph model are arranged in layers, with the vertices of each layer arranged from top to bottom. Based on the maximum transmission level k obtained in step 3, the total number of layers can be determined to be k+3 layers, of which the first layer is the engine layer (i.e., the input layer) with n1 vertices. However, in a multi-engine ship transmission, different engines may have different transmission levels to propellers, which makes it difficult to determine the number of vertices in a certain layer. Therefore, the present invention considers the vertex arrangement rules for these two situations respectively. The vertex arrangement rules are as follows:

[0087] a. The number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller is the same

[0088] The k+3th layer is the propeller layer (i.e. the output layer) and the number of vertices is n k+3 The second layer of vertices should be components directly connected to the engine, so the number of vertices in the second layer is n2 = n1. The k+2 layer is a component directly connected to the propeller, so the number of vertices in this layer is n k+2 =n k+3 Through summarizing the configurations of various types of ship transmission devices, the present invention considers the maximum power branch as a 3-way split. Therefore, except for the 2nd and k+2nd layers, the maximum number of vertices in each layer does not exceed 3 times the total number of vertices in the previous layer. In summary, according to the characteristics of the ship transmission device, the number of fixed points in each layer n can be determined. i The value range of is:

[0089]

[0090] b. The number of transmission stages from the engine to the propeller is not exactly the same

[0091] Assume that the number of engines in the transmission system is 2, and the transmission stages from the two engines to the propellers are k1 and k2 respectively, and k1>k2, k1-k2=k Δ According to the above conditions, the total number of vertex layers is k1+3. Engine 1→propeller should have vertices in each layer, and engine 2→propeller should have vertices in 2~k layers. Δ There are no vertices in the +1 layer. According to the characteristics of the ship transmission device, the engine is only connected to one vertex in the graph theory model. Therefore, in the kth layer, Δ +2 levels of vertex count

[0092] When the number of engines is n and n ≥ 3, the number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller is k1>k2>k3…>k n At this time, according to the method described in the previous paragraph, the first-level vertex arrangement of engine 2 is performed first, then the first-level vertex arrangement of engine 3, and so on, finally arranging the first-level vertex layer of engine n.

[0093] Step 5: Establish vertex connection rules for the transmission device graph theory model.

[0094] After determining the vertex arrangement of the graph model, generate the edges connecting the vertices of each layer in the model in order from the lowest to the highest layer. Since there are two types of vertex arrangement rules, the connection methods between vertices should also be divided into the following two cases:

[0095] a. The number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller is the same

[0096] According to the relationship between the number of vertices in two adjacent layers, the connection method and edge layout between vertices are divided into the following cases for consideration, where i and i+1 represent the layer numbers of the two adjacent layers of vertices respectively.

[0097] 1)n i+1 =n i Each vertex in layer i is connected to the vertex in layer i+1 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0098] 2)n i+1 =2n i Each vertex in layer i is connected to two adjacent vertices in layer i+1 to achieve power sharing.

[0099] 3)n i+1 =3n i The vertices in layer i are sequentially connected to the three adjacent vertices in layer i+1 to achieve power sharing.

[0100] 4)n i+1 = 1. All vertices in layer i are connected to the only vertex in layer i+1 to achieve power confluence.

[0101] 5)1 <n i+1 <n i When. Let n i Divide by n i+1 The quotient is x and the remainder is y. The first y vertices in the i+1 layer are connected to the adjacent x+1 vertices in the i layer, and the remaining vertices in the i+1 layer are connected to the adjacent x vertices in the i layer.

[0102] 6)n i <n i+1 <2n i To ensure the most uniform transmission of power and torque, the first n i+1 -n i Each vertex is connected to the two adjacent vertices in the i+1 layer, and the remaining vertices in the i layer are connected one-to-one with the remaining vertices in the i+1 layer.

[0103] 7)2n i <n i+1 <3n i When. Let n i+1 Divide by n iThe quotient is x and the remainder is y. The first y vertices in layer i are connected to the x+1 adjacent vertices in layer i+1. The remaining vertices in layer i are connected to the x adjacent vertices in layer i+1. For the remaining vertices in layers i and i+1, connect them according to the steps in step 6).

[0104] Starting from the input layer, determine the connection method between the vertices of two adjacent layers in sequence until the output layer, and set the arrows of all connections to point from the vertices of the previous layer to the vertices of the next layer.

[0105] b. The number of transmission stages from the engine to the propeller is not exactly the same

[0106] For this case, assume that the number of engines in the transmission device is 2, and the transmission levels from engine 1 and engine 2 to the propeller are k1 and k2 respectively, and k1>k2, k1-k2=k Δ , the connection rules are as follows:

[0107] 1) The number of vertices in the second layer should be equal to the number of engines with the maximum number of transmission stages. For this example, the number of vertices in the second layer is 1, 3~k Δ The +1 layer vertices are connected according to the rules in a.

[0108] 2) When engine 2 and k Δ +1 layer vertices and k Δ +2 layers of unique vertex connections to achieve power confluence.

[0109] 3) Hours. k Δ +1 layer vertices follow the rules in a and k Δ +2 layers of vertices are connected, engine 2 and k Δ +Connect any of the 2nd level vertices.

[0110] 4) Hours. k Δ +1 layer vertices and k Δ +2 layers of front and center The vertices are connected according to the rules in a, and engine 2 and k Δ +2nd floor The last vertex is connected.

[0111] When the number of engines is n and n ≥ 3, the number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller is k1>k2>k3…>k n First, connect engine 2 and its first-level vertex according to the rules described in the previous paragraph, then connect engine 3 and its first-level vertex, and so on until connecting engine n.

[0112] Step 5: Determine the unit type and the numbering method of the edges of the graph theory model, and number the vertices and edges of the graph theory model according to the established rules.

[0113] 5.1 Determine the type of ship transmission unit. According to the summary of ship transmission configuration, its gear transmission unit types include: herringbone gear pair, helical gear pair, bevel gear pair, and planetary gear train.

[0114] 5.2 Determine the vertex numbering rules for the ship transmission device graph theory model and stipulate that the connection lines of various transmission units are numbered as follows:

[0115] The connection line of the herringbone gear pair is numbered 1, the connection line of the helical gear pair is numbered 2, the connection line of the bevel gear pair is numbered 3, the connection line of the planetary gear system is numbered 4, and the connection line from the engine to the first-level vertex and the connection line from the second-to-last vertex to the propeller are not numbered.

[0116] When mapping graph theory models and configurations, there will be a situation where one graph theory model corresponds to multiple configurations, such as Figure 3 In order to more clearly list each configuration, it is necessary to add a label to each connection in the graph model line numbering process to distinguish different configurations. When numbering the lines connected to the vertices other than those connected to the engine and propeller, in addition to the connection type of the vertex, the serial number of the transmission unit connected to it in the shaft system and the serial number of the transmission unit connected to it in the shaft system are added. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the first digit of each edge number indicates the connection type (gear pair type), the second digit is the position number of the component connected by the edge in its shaft system (the serial number increases from left to right), and the third digit indicates the position number of the component connected by the edge in its shaft system (the serial number increases from left to right). Figure 3 In the figure, the line connecting shaft system A to shaft system C is numbered 1①①, indicating that the first herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system A is connected to the first herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system C. The line connecting shaft system B to shaft system C is numbered 1②③, indicating that the second herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system B is connected to the third herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system C. The line connecting shaft system C to shaft system D is numbered 1②①, indicating that the second herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system C is connected to the first herringbone gear on shaft system D. This numbering method can comprehensively list all configurations.

[0117] Step 6: Formulate the screening rules for graph theory models, screen the generated graph theory models according to the screening rules, and retain the graph theory models that conform to the logic.

[0118] According to the graph theory model generated by this invention, the number of generated initial graph theory model framework solutions increases exponentially when the number of input interfaces, output interfaces, or transmission stages changes. To avoid combinatorial explosion and facilitate further work, and taking into account the characteristics of ship transmission systems, this invention has developed the following screening rules to filter initial graph theory model framework solutions, eliminating those that do not meet the requirements and improving the efficiency of subsequent research.

[0119] Screening Rule 1: Screening based on the connectivity of the graph model. To improve the overall redundancy of the ship's transmission system, the output power of each engine must flow to each propeller, so that the failure of an engine will not cause the propeller to stop rotating. This is reflected in the graph model as a connected path from the input layer vertex to the output layer vertex.

[0120] Screening Rule 2: Multi-engine marine transmission systems have both splitting and merging structures (i.e., torque splitting and paralleling). A review of marine transmission configurations shows that the number of paralleling structures in a marine transmission should equal the number of propellers. This means that before power is transmitted to each propeller, there is a paralleling and merging deceleration. This is reflected in the graph model: for each marine transmission, the number of vertices with an in-degree greater than 1 in the graph model should equal the number of propellers.

[0121] Filtering rule 3: Filter by transmission unit connection logic. When generating a graph model for a ship transmission, different types of gear pairs may be directly connected, as shown in the figure. This type of graph model does not conform to the transmission unit connection logic, so graph models containing this type of connection should be deleted.

[0122] Step 7: Formulate a mapping rule between the graph theory model and the configuration, and map the transmission graph theory model selected by the user into the transmission configuration.

[0123] Under given design conditions, numerous graph theory models of ship transmission principle schemes can be generated. However, when inferring the corresponding configuration from the graph theory model, there is a problem of not being able to map one to one. When establishing a graph theory model, one point is used to represent one component, but the specific shape of the component cannot be considered. For example, a vertex in the graph theory model may have two or more configurations as shown in the figure. To this end, the present invention establishes the following rules to solve the problem of not being able to map one to one between the graph theory model and the configuration, so that each vertex in the graph theory model can uniquely correspond to the transmission configuration diagram, which is convenient for subsequent calculation and research. The graph theory model-configuration mapping of ship transmission is as follows:

[0124] 1) The type of the driving gear or driven gear contained in a vertex corresponds to the first digit of the number of the incoming or outgoing line of the vertex.

[0125] 2) The number of gears on the shaft system represented by each vertex should be equal to the maximum value of the third digit of all the numbers of the lines connected to the vertex and the third digit of all the numbers of the lines connected to the vertex.

[0126] 3) When arranging gears on the shaft system, arrange them from left to right. First, number the vertex incoming lines according to the third digit and the outgoing lines according to the second digit. Sort all the vertex line numbers from small to large, and arrange the gears on the shaft system from left to right according to the type of meshing pair.

[0127] 4) For the vertex connected to the propeller, if the first digit of the line number is 4, then the vertex represents a planetary gear train.

[0128] 5) When the graph theory model is mapped to a configuration, each gear is automatically connected to a bearing, that is, each gear in the configuration is a gear with a bearing.

[0129] The design method provided by the present invention effectively improves the design efficiency of ship transmissions. By simply providing the rotational speed of each engine and propeller and the maximum number of stages allowed by the transmission, a graph-theoretic model of all transmissions can be automatically generated. The graph-theoretic model selected by the user is then mapped to the configuration of the transmission according to established mapping rules. Due to the complex structure of ship transmissions, the configuration schemes of the transmission system are diverse and uncertain. There are generally many transmission schemes that meet the requirements, but due to the designer's own design biases and limitations in knowledge, experience, design methods and means, some potential schemes that meet the design requirements are ignored or omitted. The present invention can list all configurations as exhaustively as possible for the designer's reference.

[0130] The above-described embodiments are only preferred specific implementation methods of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any simple changes or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by any technician familiar with the field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically configuring a ship transmission device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the total transmission ratio from each engine to the propeller and the maximum number of gear stages allowed by the transmission; Obtaining an optimal transmission level from each engine to the propeller according to the maximum transmission level; Select the maximum transmission level k among the optimal transmission levels from each engine to the propeller; Arrange the vertices of the transmission graph model with k+3 as the total number of layers of the graph model vertices; Connect the arranged graph model vertices according to the vertex layer; Determine the unit type and the numbering method of the graph model edges, and number the vertices and edges of the graph model; Screen the generated graph theory models and retain the logical graph theory models; Mapping graph theory models to transmission configurations; The vertices of the graph model are arranged in layers, and the vertices of each layer are arranged from top to bottom. According to the maximum transmission level k, the total number of layers is determined to be k+3 layers, of which the first layer is the engine layer with a number of vertices. , the vertex arrangement rules are as follows: a. The number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller is the same The k+3th layer is the propeller layer and the number of vertices is , the second layer of vertices should be components directly connected to the engine vertices, so the number of vertices in the second layer ; The k+2th layer is the component directly connected to the propeller, so the number of vertices in this layer is ,Considering the case where the branch with the largest power is a 3-way split, the maximum number of vertices in each layer except the 2nd and k+2th layers shall not exceed 3 times the total number of vertices in the previous layer; In summary, the number of vertices in each layer is determined according to the characteristics of the ship transmission device. The value range of is: b. The number of transmission stages from the engine to the propeller is not exactly the same Assume that the number of engines in the transmission system is 2, and the number of transmission stages from the two engines to the propellers is ,and , According to the above conditions, the total number of vertex layers is , Engine 1 → Propeller should have vertices on each layer, Engine 2 → Propeller should have vertices on each layer. There are no vertices in the layer. According to the characteristics of the ship transmission device, the engine is only connected to one vertex in the graph theory model. Layer Vertex Count ; When the number of engines is n and n , the number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller is At this time, follow the method described in the previous paragraph to arrange the first level of vertices for engine 2 first, then arrange the first level of vertices for engine 3, and so on, and finally arrange the first level of vertices for engine n; The step of connecting the arranged graph model vertices according to the vertex layer includes the following steps: After determining the vertex arrangement of the graph model, the edges connecting the vertices of each layer in the model are generated in order from the lowest to the highest layer. Since there are two types of vertex arrangement rules, the connection methods between vertices should also be divided into the following two cases: a. The number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller is the same According to the relationship between the number of vertices in two adjacent layers, the connection mode and edge layout between vertices are divided into the following cases for consideration, where i and i+1 represent the layer numbers of the two adjacent layers of vertices respectively; 1) When , each vertex in layer i is connected to the vertex in layer i+1 in a one-to-one correspondence; 2) When , each vertex in layer i is connected to the two adjacent vertices in layer i+1 to achieve power splitting; 3) When , the vertex in layer i is sequentially connected to the three adjacent vertices in layer i+1 to achieve power splitting; 4) When , all vertices in layer i are connected to the only vertex in layer i+1 to achieve power confluence; 5) When Divide by The quotient is x and the remainder is y. The first y vertices in the i+1 layer are connected to the adjacent x+1 vertices in the i layer, and the remaining vertices in the i+1 layer are connected to the adjacent x vertices in the i layer. 6) In order to make the power and torque evenly transmitted to the greatest extent, the front Each vertex is connected to the two adjacent vertices in the i+1 layer, and the remaining vertices in the i layer are connected one-to-one with the remaining vertices in the i+1 layer; 7) When Divide by The quotient is x and the remainder is y. The first y vertices in layer i are connected to the adjacent x+1 vertices in layer i+1. The remaining vertices in layer i are connected to the adjacent x vertices in layer i+1. For the remaining vertices in layers i and i+1, connect them according to the steps in 6). Starting from the input layer, determine the connection between the vertices of two adjacent layers in sequence until the output layer, and set the arrows of all connections to point from the vertices of the previous layer to the vertices of the next layer; b. The number of transmission stages from the engine to the propeller is not exactly the same In this case, assume that the number of engines in the transmission system is 2, and the number of transmission stages from engine 1 and engine 2 to the propeller is and , , the connection rules are as follows: 1) The number of vertices in the second layer should be equal to the number of engines with the largest number of transmission stages. For this example, the number of vertices in the second layer is 1, 3, and so on. The layer vertices are connected according to the rules in a; 2) When Engine 2 and Layer Vertex and The only vertex connection in each layer realizes power confluence; 3) hour, The layer vertices follow the rules in a and Layer vertices are connected, engine 2 and Connect any one of the layer vertices; 4) hour, Layer Vertex and Front of the middle layer The vertices are connected according to the rules in a, and engine 2 and Layer Vertex, that is, the last vertex is connected; When the number of engines is n and n , the number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller is First, connect engine 2 with its first-level vertex according to the rules described in the previous paragraph, then connect engine 3 with its first-level vertex, and so on until connecting engine n.

2. A method for automatically configuring a ship transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum weight method is used to determine the optimal number of transmission stages from each engine to the propeller. The specific steps include: According to the maximum level max input by the user, the range of level i is determined to be 0 <i≤max; The weight m of the gear transmission device under different transmission stages is calculated according to the gear transmission device weight calculation function f(i,a), where i is the transmission stage and a is the total transmission ratio of the transmission device; The transmission level i corresponding to the minimum transmission weight m within the transmission level range is taken as the optimal transmission level.

3. The method for automatically configuring a ship transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of determining the unit type and the numbering method of the edges of the graph theory model, and numbering the vertices and edges of the graph theory model, specifically includes the following steps: Determine the type of ship transmission unit; Determine the vertex labeling rules for the graph theory model of ship transmission; The connection numbers of various transmission units are specified as follows: The line connecting the herringbone gear pair is numbered 1, the line connecting the helical gear pair is numbered 2, the line connecting the bevel gear pair is numbered 3, the line connecting the planetary gear train is numbered 4, and the line connecting the engine to the first-level vertex and the line connecting the second-to-last vertex to the propeller are not numbered; When numbering the lines in the graph theory model, each line needs to be labeled to distinguish different configurations. When numbering the lines from vertices other than those connected to the engine and propeller, in addition to the connection type of the vertex, the serial number of the transmission unit connected to it in the shaft system and the serial number of the transmission unit connected to it in the shaft system are added; The first digit of each edge number indicates the connection type, the second digit is the position number of the component connected by the edge in its shaft system, and the serial numbers increase from left to right. The third digit indicates the position number of the component connected by the edge on its shaft system, and the serial numbers increase from left to right. The line connecting shaft system A to shaft system C is numbered 1①①, indicating that the first herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system A is connected to the first herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system C. The line connecting shaft system B to shaft system C is numbered 1②③, indicating that the second herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system B is connected to the third herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system C. The line connecting shaft system C to shaft system D is numbered 1②①, indicating that the second herringbone gear from left to right on shaft system C is connected to the first herringbone gear on shaft system D. All configurations are comprehensively listed through this numbering method.

4. A method for automatically configuring a ship transmission device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The types of ship transmission unit include: herringbone gear pair, helical gear pair, bevel gear pair, and planetary gear train.

5. The method for automatically configuring a ship transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generated graph theory model is screened, and the screening rules specifically include: According to the connectivity screening of the graph theory model, the output power of each engine can flow to each propeller, so that the failure of a certain engine will not cause the propeller to stop rotating. This is reflected in the graph theory model as the path between the input layer vertex and the output layer vertex is connected; The multi-engine ship transmission system has a flow-dividing and flow-converging structure. By summarizing the configuration of the ship transmission device, it is found that the number of converging structures in the ship transmission device should be equal to the number of propellers. That is, there is a converging deceleration before the power is transmitted to each propeller. This situation is reflected in the graph theory model. In the graph theory model of each ship transmission device, the number of points with an in-degree greater than 1 should be equal to the number of propellers. Screening according to the connection logic of the transmission unit shows that different types of gear pairs are directly connected during the generation of the graph theory model of the ship transmission device. This type of graph theory model does not conform to the connection logic of the transmission unit, so the graph theory model containing this situation should be deleted.

6. The method for automatically configuring a ship transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mapping of the graph theory model to the transmission device configuration specifically includes the following mapping rules: The type of the driving gear or driven gear contained in the vertex corresponds to the first digit of the number of the incoming or outgoing line of the vertex; The number of gears on the shaft system represented by each vertex should be equal to the maximum value of the third digit of all the numbers of the lines connected to the vertex and the third digit of all the numbers of the lines connected to the vertex; When arranging gears on the shaft system, they should be arranged from left to right. First, the vertex incoming line number is numbered according to the third digit and the outgoing line number is numbered according to the second digit. All vertex connecting line numbers are sorted from small to large, and the gears are arranged from left to right on the shaft system according to the type of meshing pair. For the vertex connected to the propeller, if the first digit of the line number is 4, then the vertex represents a planetary gear train; When the graph theory model is mapped to a configuration, each gear is automatically connected to a bearing, that is, each gear in the configuration is a gear with a bearing.

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