Slot antenna and terminal device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication, and discloses a slot antenna and a terminal device. The slot antenna comprises: a dielectric substrate, an antenna radiator formed on the dielectric substrate, and a metal ground; the metal ground has a feeding end, and the metal ground is electrically connected to the antenna radiator through the feeding end; the antenna radiator comprises a first slot and a second slot, the first end of the second slot intersects with the first slot, and the second end intersects with the edge of the antenna radiator, so that the antenna radiator forms a first comb-shaped structure and a second comb-shaped structure at the second slot; the second slot is a bent slot, which is used to reduce the size of the antenna and expand the antenna bandwidth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communications, and in particular to a slot antenna and a terminal device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of IoT technology and the continuous enrichment of product types and application scenarios, IoT terminals have higher and higher performance requirements for wireless communication modules, especially the space reserved for antennas in miniaturized IoT terminal products is constantly decreasing, which makes it a huge challenge for engineers to design high-performance antennas. One solution is to use three-dimensional space to design the antenna as a 3D structure. On the one hand, this method increases the manufacturing cost of the antenna, and on the other hand, it reduces the generalization ability of the antenna due to its dependence on plastic brackets or shells. Another solution is to use ceramic materials to encapsulate the antenna as a chip antenna. Although it reduces the size of the antenna, it also increases the cost of the antenna and the terminal. Therefore, antenna miniaturization has become a difficulty in the design of IoT terminal products.

[0003] On the other hand, traditional IoT terminals are generally based on communication protocols such as NB-IOT, ZigBee, and Wi-Fi, which require antennas to operate in the 2400-2483.5MHz and 5150-5850MHz frequency bands. However, in recent years, technologies such as Wi-Fi6E and UWB have gradually become popular. Such communication protocols require antennas to operate in the 2400-2483.5MHz, 5150-7125MHz, 6250-6750MHz, and 7750-8250MHz frequency bands. New technologies have put forward higher requirements on antenna bandwidth, and traditional antenna design solutions cannot meet multi-band requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention discloses a slot antenna and terminal equipment, which are used to reduce the size of the antenna and expand the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a slot antenna, comprising: a dielectric substrate, an antenna radiator formed on the dielectric substrate, and a metal ground;

[0007] The metal ground has a feeding end, and the metal ground is electrically connected to the antenna radiator through the feeding end;

[0008] The antenna radiator comprises a first slot and a second slot, wherein a first end of the second slot intersects with the first slot, and a second end intersects with an edge of the antenna radiator, so that the antenna radiator forms a first comb-shaped structure and a second comb-shaped structure at the second slot;

[0009] The second slot is a bent slot, and the first comb-shaped structure and the second comb-shaped structure are cross-coupled at the bent slot.

[0010] In the above-mentioned slot antenna, the antenna radiator and the metal ground are formed on the dielectric substrate and electrically connected through the feeding end. The antenna radiator is formed with a first slot and a second slot. The first slot extends the current path, thereby reducing the size of the entire antenna, making the length of the antenna much smaller than a quarter wavelength. The second slot divides the part of the antenna radiator near the second slot into a first comb-shaped structure and a second comb-shaped structure. The first comb-shaped structure and the second comb-shaped structure are not directly connected at the second slot, but play the role of a low-pass filter through cross-coupling, allowing low-frequency signals to pass through and blocking high-frequency signals, thus realizing the function of expanding the antenna bandwidth.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first slot includes a first strip-shaped slot and a second strip-shaped slot. The first strip-shaped slot extends along a first direction, and the second strip-shaped slot extends along a second direction. Wherein, the second direction is the direction from the antenna radiator to the metal ground, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first slot further includes a third strip-shaped slot connected to the second strip-shaped slot;

[0013] The third strip-shaped slot is parallel to the first strip-shaped slot, and the third strip-shaped slot is located between the first strip-shaped slot and the metal ground.

[0014] In some embodiments, the third strip-shaped slot, the second strip-shaped slot, and the first strip-shaped slot are connected to form a "dry" shaped structure; or,

[0015] The connection position of the second slot and the first slot is located on the side of the first strip-shaped slot away from the metal ground; or,

[0016] The connection position of the second slot and the first slot is located between the first strip-shaped slot and the third strip-shaped slot; or,

[0017] The connection position of the second slot and the first slot is located between the third strip-shaped slot and the metal ground.

[0018] In some embodiments, the width of the first strip-shaped slot and / or the second strip-shaped slot and / or the third strip-shaped slot is 0.5 - 1 mm; and / or,

[0019] The width of the second slot is 0.2 - 0.4 mm.

[0020] In some embodiments, the second gap is in a periodic zigzag and / or curved shape; or,

[0021] The second gap is in a non-periodic zigzag and / or curved shape; or,

[0022] The second gap includes a plurality of segments, and the plurality of segments are arranged along a first direction and connected to form a serpentine gap; or,

[0023] The second slot includes a plurality of n-shaped segments, and the plurality of n-shaped segments are arranged and connected along a second direction.

[0024] In some embodiments, the dielectric substrate includes a first board edge and a second board edge, and the feeding end is located between the first board edge and the second board edge; the first board edge and the second board edge both extend along the second direction, and the first board edge and the second board edge are arranged along the first direction;

[0025] The second gap is located at a side of the first gap close to the first plate edge; or,

[0026] The second gap is located on a side of the first gap close to the second plate edge.

[0027] In some embodiments, the outer contour of the first slit is a polygon, and the number of sides of the polygon is greater than or equal to four; or,

[0028] The outer contour of the first slot is circular.

[0029] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator on the dielectric substrate is a circle; or,

[0030] The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator on the dielectric substrate is an ellipse; or,

[0031] The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator on the dielectric substrate is a polygon, and the number of sides of the polygon is greater than or equal to four.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a terminal device, comprising any slot antenna as described in the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.18 A schematic diagram of the structure of another slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of a cross-coupling structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig. 20 is the return loss curve of the slot antenna;

[0053] Fig.21 This is the far-field pattern of the slot antenna operating at 2.45 GHz;

[0054] Fig. 22 This is the far-field pattern of the slot antenna operating at 5.5 GHz;

[0055] Fig.23 The surface current distribution of the slot antenna when it works at 2.45 GHz;

[0056] Fig.24 Surface current distribution of the slot antenna operating at 6.5 GHz.

[0057] Icon: 100-dielectric substrate; 200-antenna radiator; 300-metal ground; 110-first board edge; 120-second board edge; 210-first gap; 220-second gap; 230-first comb-shaped structure; 240-second comb-shaped structure; 310-feeding end; 211-first strip gap; 212-second strip gap; 213-third strip gap; 231-first coupling branch; 241-second coupling branch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] First, as Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a slot antenna, comprising: a dielectric substrate 100, an antenna radiator 200 formed on the dielectric substrate 100, and a metal ground 300; the metal ground 300 has a feeding end 310, and the metal ground 300 is electrically connected to the antenna radiator 200 through the feeding end 310; the antenna radiator 200 comprises a first slot 210 and a second slot 220, the first end of the second slot 220 intersects with the first slot 210, and the second end intersects with the edge of the antenna radiator 200, so that the antenna radiator 200 forms a first comb-shaped structure 230 and a second comb-shaped structure 240 at the second slot 220; the second slot 220 is a bent slot.

[0060] In the slot antenna, the antenna radiator 200 and the metal ground 300 are formed on the dielectric substrate 100 and are electrically connected through the feeding end 310. The antenna radiator 200 is formed with a first slot 210 and a second slot 220. The first slot 210 extends the current path, thereby reducing the size of the entire antenna, making the length of the antenna much less than a quarter wavelength. The second slot 220 separates the portion of the antenna radiator 200 adjacent to the second slot 220 into a first comb-shaped structure 230 and a second comb-shaped structure 240, and the first comb-shaped structure 230 and the second comb-shaped structure 240 are not directly connected at the second slot 220, but play the role of a low-pass filter through cross-coupling, allowing low-frequency signals to pass through and preventing high-frequency signals from passing through, thereby achieving the role of extending the antenna bandwidth.

[0061] In some embodiments, the dielectric substrate 100 includes a first board edge 110 and a second board edge 120, and the feeding end 310 is located between the first board edge 110 and the second board edge 120; the first board edge 110 and the second board edge 120 both extend along the second direction, and the first board edge 110 and the second board edge 120 are arranged along the first direction.

[0062] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 1 The dielectric substrate 100 is rectangular and has a Figure 1 The first plate edge 110 and the second plate edge 120 extend in the Y direction, and the first plate edge 110 and the second plate edge 120 are along Figure 1 The antenna radiator 200 and the metal ground 300 are formed on the same surface of the dielectric substrate 100 and are electrically connected through the feeding terminal 310 .

[0063] In some embodiments, the outer contour of the first slit 210 is a polygon, and the number of sides of the polygon is greater than or equal to four.

[0064] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 2 , combined with Figure 1 The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangle, the first slot 210 is a rectangle, and the first slot 210 is along Figure 2 The first slot 210 extends in the Y direction, that is, the length of the first slot 210 in the Y direction is greater than the length in the X direction, and the second slot 220 is located on the side of the first slot 210 close to the second board edge 120. The length and width of the first slot 210 can be determined according to the actual operating frequency, and the length and width of the bent slot and the number of bends can be determined according to the actual operating frequency. The length of the first slot 210 determines the low-frequency operating frequency of the slot antenna, and the number of bends and shape of the bent slot affect the high-frequency operating characteristics of the slot antenna.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first slot 210 includes a first strip-shaped slot 211 and a second strip-shaped slot 212. The first strip-shaped slot 211 extends in a first direction, and the second strip-shaped slot 212 extends in a second direction. Here, the second direction is the direction from the antenna radiator 200 to the metal ground 300, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0066] In a possible implementation, referring to Figure 3 , the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is rectangular. The first slot 210 includes a first strip-shaped slot 211 and a second strip-shaped slot 212. Both the first strip-shaped slot 211 and the second strip-shaped slot 212 are rectangular. The first strip-shaped slot 211 extends in the first direction, that is, Figure 3 the X direction in Figure 3 , that is, the length of the first strip-shaped slot 211 in the X direction is greater than the length in the Y direction; the second strip-shaped slot 212 extends in the second direction, that is,

[0067] In a possible implementation, referring to Figure 4 , compared with Figure 3 , the first strip-shaped slot 211 and the second strip-shaped slot 212 form a cross-shaped structure.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first slot 210 further includes a third strip-shaped slot 213 connected to the second strip-shaped slot 212; the third strip-shaped slot 213 is parallel to the first strip-shaped slot 211, and the third strip-shaped slot 213 is located between the first strip-shaped slot 211 and the metal ground 300.

[0069] In some embodiments, the third strip-shaped slot 213, the second strip-shaped slot 212, and the first strip-shaped slot 211 are connected to form a "dry"-shaped structure.

[0070] In a possible implementation, referring to Figure 5 , the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is rectangular. The first slot 210 includes a first strip-shaped slot 211, a second strip-shaped slot 212, and a third strip-shaped slot 213. The first strip-shaped slot 211, the second strip-shaped slot 212, and the third strip-shaped slot 213 are all rectangular. The first strip-shaped slot 211 extends in the first direction, that is, Figure 5 the X direction in Figure 5The length of the second strip slit 212 along the Y direction is greater than the length along the X direction; the third strip slit 213 along the first direction is Figure 5 The third strip slot 213 extends in the X direction, that is, the length of the third strip slot 213 along the X direction is greater than the length along the Y direction. The first strip slot 211, the second strip slot 212 and the third strip slot 213 form a stem-shaped structure. The lengths of the first strip slot 211, the second strip slot 212 and the third strip slot 213 jointly determine the low-frequency operating frequency of the slot antenna. The bending slot and the second slot 220 separate the antenna radiator 200 into two parts, namely the first comb-shaped structure 230 and the second comb-shaped structure 240. The first comb-shaped structure 230 is formed with a plurality of first coupling branches 231 on the side facing the second comb-shaped structure 240, and the second comb-shaped structure 240 is formed with a plurality of second coupling branches 241 on the side facing the first comb-shaped structure 230. The first coupling branches 231 and the second coupling branches 241 are cross-coupled. The shapes of the first comb-shaped structure 230 and the second comb-shaped structure 240 , and the number and positions of the first coupling branches 231 and the second coupling branches 241 determine the high-frequency working characteristics of the slot antenna.

[0071] It should be noted that the length and width of the first strip slot 211 and the second strip slot 212 can be the same or different, which is determined according to the actual working frequency. The length and width of the bending slot and the number of bending times are determined according to the actual working frequency.

[0072] In some embodiments, the connection position between the second slit 220 and the first slit 210 is located between the third strip slit 213 and the metal ground 300 .

[0073] In one possible implementation, continue to refer to Figure 5 The first strip gap 211 and the third strip gap 213 are parallel and the third strip gap 213 is located between the first strip gap 211 and the metal ground 300. The second strip gap 212 connects the first strip gap 211 and the third strip gap 213. The first strip gap 211, the second strip gap 212 and the third strip gap 213 form a "stem" structure. The second gap 220 is connected to the second strip gap 212, and the connection position between the second gap 220 and the second strip gap 212 is located on the side of the third strip gap 213 away from the first strip gap 211.

[0074] In some embodiments, the connection position between the second slit 220 and the first slit 210 is located on a side of the first strip slit 211 away from the metal ground 300 .

[0075] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 6The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangle, the first slot 210 includes a first strip slot 211, a second strip slot 212 and a third strip slot 213, the first strip slot 211, the second strip slot 212 and the third strip slot 213 are all rectangular, the first strip slot 211 and the third strip slot 213 are parallel and the third strip slot 213 is located between the first strip slot 211 and the metal ground 300, the second strip slot 212 runs through the first strip slot 211 and the third strip slot 213, the second slot 220 is connected to the second strip slot 212, and the connection position of the second slot 220 and the second strip slot 212 is located on the side of the first strip slot 211 away from the third strip slot 213.

[0076] In some embodiments, the connection position between the second slit 220 and the first slit 210 is located between the first strip slit 211 and the third strip slit 213 .

[0077] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 7 The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangle, the first slot 210 includes a first strip slot 211, a second strip slot 212 and a third strip slot 213, the first strip slot 211, the second strip slot 212 and the third strip slot 213 are all rectangular, the first strip slot 211 and the third strip slot 213 are parallel and the third strip slot 213 is located between the first strip slot 211 and the metal ground 300, the second strip slot 212 connects the first strip slot 211 and the third strip slot 213, the second slot 220 is connected to the second strip slot 212, and the connection position of the second slot 220 and the second strip slot 212 is located between the first strip slot 211 and the third strip slot 213.

[0078] It should be noted that the slot antenna can add a fourth strip slot, a fifth strip slot, or more strip slots according to the different operating frequencies of the antenna. The more and longer the strip slots are, the longer the current path is, and the lower the antenna resonant frequency is.

[0079] In some embodiments, the width of the first strip-shaped gap 211 is 0.5-1 mm; for example, it can be 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm or 1 mm.

[0080] In some embodiments, the width of the second strip-shaped gap 212 is 0.5-1 mm; for example, it can be 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm or 1 mm.

[0081] In some embodiments, the width of the third strip-shaped gap 213 is 0.5-1 mm; for example, it may be 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm or 1 mm.

[0082] In some embodiments, the width of the second gap 220 is 0.2-0.4 mm, for example, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm or 0.4 mm.

[0083] In some embodiments, the second gap 220 is in a periodic zigzag and / or curved shape; here and / or can be understood as: the second gap 220 is in a periodic zigzag shape; or, the second gap 220 is in a periodic curved shape; or, the second gap 220 is a combination of periodic zigzag and curved shapes.

[0084] In some embodiments, the second gap 220 is in a non-periodic zigzag shape and / or a curved shape; here and / or can be understood as: the second gap 220 is in a non-periodic zigzag shape; or, the second gap 220 is in a non-periodic curved shape; or, the second gap 220 is in a non-periodic zigzag shape and a combination of a non-periodic zigzag shape and a curved shape.

[0085] In some embodiments, the second gap 220 includes a plurality of segments, and the plurality of segments are arranged along the first direction and connected to form a serpentine gap.

[0086] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 2-Figure 7 The second gap 220 includes three fields arranged and connected along the X direction. The first comb-shaped structure 230 and the second comb-shaped structure 240 are arranged along the Y direction. The first comb-shaped structure 230 forms four first coupling branches 231 at the second gap 220, and a gap is formed between two adjacent first coupling branches 231, that is, the first comb-shaped structure 230 has three gaps; the second comb-shaped structure 240 forms three second coupling branches 241 at the second gap 220, and the three second coupling branches 241 correspond to the three gaps one by one. Each second coupling branch 241 is inserted into the corresponding gap to match and form a serpentine gap. Figure 7 In the X direction, the first coupling branches 231 and the second coupling branches 241 are arranged alternately, and the adjacent first coupling branches 231 and the second coupling branches 241 form a pair of cross-coupling structures. A pair of cross-coupling structures is equivalent to a capacitor, and multiple pairs of cross-coupling structures are equivalent to multiple capacitors in parallel, which play a filtering role, that is, the principle of distributed capacitance is used here.

[0087] In some embodiments, the second slit 220 includes a plurality of n-shaped segments, and the plurality of n-shaped segments are arranged and connected along the second direction.

[0088] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 8, the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangle, the second slot 220 includes three n-fields arranged and connected along the Y direction, the first comb-shaped structure 230 and the second comb-shaped structure 240 are arranged along the X direction, the second comb-shaped structure 240 forms three second coupling branches 241 at the second slot 220, and a gap is formed between two adjacent second coupling branches 241, that is, the second comb-shaped structure 240 has two gaps; the first comb-shaped structure 230 forms two first coupling branches 231 at the second slot 220, the two first coupling branches 231 correspond to the two gaps one by one, and each first coupling branch 231 is inserted into the corresponding gap to match and form a serpentine slot. Figure 8 In the Y direction, the first coupling branches 231 and the second coupling branches 241 are arranged alternately, and the adjacent first coupling branches 231 and the second coupling branches 241 form a pair of cross-coupling structures. A pair of cross-coupling structures is equivalent to a capacitor, and multiple pairs of cross-coupling structures are equivalent to multiple capacitors in parallel, which play a filtering role. That is, the principle of distributed capacitance is used here.

[0089] In some embodiments, the second slit 220 is located on a side of the first slit 210 close to the second board edge 120 .

[0090] In one possible implementation, continue to refer to Figure 8 The second slot 220 is located on the side of the first slot 210 close to the second board edge 120 , that is, the second slot 220 is located on the right side of the feeding end 310 .

[0091] In some embodiments, the second slit 220 is located on a side of the first slit 210 close to the first board edge 110 .

[0092] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig. 9 The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangle, and the second slot 220 is located on the side of the first slot 210 close to the first board edge 110 , that is, the second slot 220 is located on the left side of the feeding end 310 .

[0093] It is understandable that the first gap 210 may also be other polygons, for example, Fig.10 As shown, the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangle, the outer contour of the first slot 210 is a pentagon, the second slot 220 is a broken line, and the second slot 220 is located on the side of the first slot 210 close to the second board edge 120; Fig.11 As shown, the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangle, the outer contour of the first slot 210 is a hexagon, the second slot 220 is a broken line and the second slot 220 is located on the side of the first slot 210 close to the second board edge 120; and so on.

[0094] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.12 , the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangle, the outer contour of the first slot 210 is an irregular heptagon, and the second slot 220 is located on the side of the first slot 210 close to the second board edge 120. The second slot 220 includes a V-field arranged and connected along the X direction, the first comb-shaped structure 230 and the second comb-shaped structure 240 are arranged along the Y direction, the first comb-shaped structure 230 forms four first coupling branches 231 at the second slot 220, and a gap is formed between two adjacent first coupling branches 231, that is, the first comb-shaped structure 230 has three gaps; the second comb-shaped structure 240 forms three second coupling branches 241 at the second slot 220, and the three second coupling branches 241 correspond to the three gaps one by one, and each second coupling branch 241 is inserted into the corresponding gap to match to form a zigzag slot (or a serrated slot). Along Fig.12 In the middle X direction, the first coupling branches 231 and the second coupling branches 241 are arranged in an interlaced manner, and the adjacent first coupling branches 231 and the second coupling branches 241 form a pair of cross-coupling structures. A pair of cross-coupling structures is equivalent to a capacitor, and multiple pairs of cross-coupling structures are equivalent to multiple capacitors in parallel, which play a filtering role, that is, the principle of distributed capacitance is used here. The size of the first slot 210 can be determined according to the actual operating frequency, and the length and width of the second slot 220 and the number of bends can be determined according to the actual operating frequency. The total length of the loop antenna radiator 200 determines the low-frequency operating frequency of the slot antenna, and the shape, number and position of the coupling branches of the second slot 220 affect the high-frequency operating characteristics of the slot antenna.

[0095] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.13 , the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangle, the outer contour of the first slot 210 is a heptagon, and the second slot 220 is located on the side of the first slot 210 close to the second board edge 120. The second slot 220 is in the shape of a sine-cosine curve extending along the X direction, and the first comb-shaped structure 230 and the second comb-shaped structure 240 are arranged along the Y direction. The first comb-shaped structure 230 forms a first coupling branch 231 and a notch at the second slot 220; the second comb-shaped structure 240 forms a second coupling branch 241 and a notch at the second slot 220, the first coupling branch 231 is inserted into the lower notch, and the second coupling branch 241 is inserted into the upper notch, matching to form a curved slot. Along Fig.13In the middle X direction, the first coupling branch 231 and the second coupling branch 241 are arranged alternately, and the first coupling branch 231 and the second coupling branch 241 form a pair of cross-coupling structures, which are equivalent to a capacitor and play a filtering role, that is, the principle of distributed capacitance is used here. The size of the first slot 210 can be determined according to the actual operating frequency, and the length and width of the second slot 220 and the number of bends can be determined according to the actual operating frequency. The total length of the loop antenna radiator 200 determines the low-frequency operating frequency of the slot antenna, and the shape, number and position of the coupling branches of the second slot 220 affect the high-frequency operating characteristics of the slot antenna.

[0096] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.14 The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangle, the outer contour of the first slot 210 is a dodecagon, and the second slot 220 is located on the side of the first slot 210 close to the second board edge 120 .

[0097] The second slit 220 includes V-fields arranged and connected along the X direction to form a zigzag slit.

[0098] In some embodiments, the outer contour of the first slit 210 is circular.

[0099] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.15 , the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangle, the outer contour of the first slot 210 is a circle, and the second slot 220 is located on the side of the first slot 210 close to the second board edge 120. The second slot 220 includes a V-field arranged and connected along the X direction, the first comb-shaped structure 230 and the second comb-shaped structure 240 are arranged along the Y direction, the first comb-shaped structure 230 forms four first coupling branches 231 at the second slot 220, and a gap is formed between two adjacent first coupling branches 231, that is, the first comb-shaped structure 230 has three gaps; the second comb-shaped structure 240 forms three second coupling branches 241 at the second slot 220, and the three second coupling branches 241 correspond to the three gaps one by one, and each second coupling branch 241 is inserted into the corresponding gap to match to form a zigzag slot (or a serrated slot). Along Fig.15In the middle X direction, the first coupling branches 231 and the second coupling branches 241 are arranged in an interlaced manner, and the adjacent first coupling branches 231 and the second coupling branches 241 form a pair of cross-coupling structures. A pair of cross-coupling structures is equivalent to a capacitor, and multiple pairs of cross-coupling structures are equivalent to multiple capacitors in parallel, which play a filtering role, that is, the principle of distributed capacitance is used here. The size of the first slot 210 can be determined according to the actual operating frequency, and the length and width of the second slot 220 and the number of bends can be determined according to the actual operating frequency. The total length of the loop antenna radiator 200 determines the low-frequency operating frequency of the slot antenna, and the shape, number and position of the coupling branches of the second slot 220 affect the high-frequency operating characteristics of the slot antenna.

[0100] It should be noted that the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 may be a rectangle, or other shapes, such as a circle, an ellipse, a square, a pentagon, a hexagon or other polygons.

[0101] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a circle.

[0102] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.16 The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a circle, the outer contour of the first slot 210 is a heptagon, and the second slot 220 is located on the side of the first slot 210 close to the second board edge 120 .

[0103] The second slit 220 includes V-fields arranged and connected along the X direction to form a zigzag slit (or a sawtooth slit).

[0104] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is an ellipse.

[0105] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.17 The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is an ellipse, the outer contour of the first slot 210 is an irregular heptagon, and the second slot 220 is located on the side of the first slot 210 close to the second board edge 120. The second slot 220 includes V-fields arranged and connected along the X direction to form a zigzag slot (or a sawtooth slot). The total length of the loop antenna radiator 200 determines the low-frequency operating frequency, and the shape, number and position of the coupling branches determine the high-frequency operating characteristics.

[0106] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a polygon, and the number of sides of the polygon is greater than or equal to four.

[0107] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.18The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 is a pentagon, the outer contour of the first slot 210 is a heptagon, and the second slot 220 is located on the side of the first slot 210 close to the second board edge 120. The second slot 220 includes V-fields arranged and connected along the X direction to form a broken line slot.

[0108] It is understandable that the orthographic projection of the antenna radiator 200 on the dielectric substrate 100 may also be a polygon with other numbers of sides.

[0109] In one possible implementation, refer to Fig.19 , Fig.19 It is a typical cross-coupling structure. The second slot 220 separates the antenna radiator 200 into a first comb-shaped structure 230 and a second comb-shaped structure 240. The first coupling branch 231 of the first comb-shaped structure 230 and the second coupling branch 241 of the second comb-shaped structure 240 form a group of cross-coupling structures. The figure uses a grid-like filling to represent the coupling area. The first coupling branch 231 and the second coupling branch 241 both extend along the Y direction, that is, the length of the first coupling branch 231 and the second coupling branch 241 in the Y direction is greater than the length of the first coupling branch 231 and the second coupling branch 241 in the X direction, and along the X direction, the first coupling branch 231 and the second coupling branch 241 have an overlapping area, that is, a coupling area.

[0110] The slot antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a first slot etched on the antenna radiator in the metal plate of the planar monopole antenna, thereby changing the antenna form from a planar monopole antenna to a loop antenna. After adding the first slot, the current return path is extended, which significantly reduces the size of the antenna. In order to expand the antenna bandwidth, periodic or non-periodic curved slots are etched on the metal structure formed by the outer edge of the antenna radiator and the first slot to form a cross-coupled comb structure, thereby realizing a broadband antenna design. The advantages of the slot antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention are: small size, in the WLAN frequency band, the antenna occupies only 6mm*8mm space, which is more than 50% smaller than the traditional solution (10mm*10mm); wide bandwidth, can cover the ultra-wide frequency range of 2.4-2.5GHz, 5-10.6GHz, and can be applied to wireless communication products such as WiFi6E and UWB.

[0111] In order to better illustrate the performance of the slot antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 20-23 For a specific slot antenna ( Figure 1 The simulation is carried out using the structure in the middle, where Fig. 20This is the return loss curve of the slot antenna. The horizontal axis represents the frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the S parameter in dB. It can be seen that the antenna resonates at 2.4GHz-2.5GHz and 7.5GHz-8.5GHz. Fig.21 This is the far-field radiation pattern of the slot antenna when it works at 2.45 GHz. It can be seen that the antenna has good omnidirectionality in the horizontal direction. Fig. 22 This is the far-field radiation pattern of the slot antenna when it works at 5.5GHz. It can be seen that the antenna has good omnidirectionality in the horizontal direction. Fig.23 This is the surface current distribution when the slot antenna operates at 2.45 GHz, where the sparseness of the arrows, the size of the arrows, and the depth of the arrow colors can all indicate the magnitude of the current intensity. For example, the current intensity is high in areas with high arrow density, or at locations where the arrows are large or at locations where the arrows are darker, and the current intensity is low in areas with low arrow density, or at locations where the arrows are small or at locations where the arrows are lighter. Fig.24 This is the surface current distribution when the slot antenna operates at 6.5 GHz, where the sparseness of the arrows, the size of the arrows, and the depth of the arrow colors can all indicate the magnitude of the current intensity. For example, the current intensity is high in areas with high arrow density, or at locations where the arrows are larger or at locations where the arrows are darker, and the current intensity is low in areas with low arrow density, or at locations where the arrows are smaller or at locations where the arrows are lighter.

[0112] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal device, comprising any slot antenna as described in the embodiment of the first aspect.

[0113] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A slot antenna, characterized in that: Comprising: A dielectric substrate, an antenna radiator formed on the dielectric substrate, and a metal ground; The metal ground has a feeding end, and the metal ground is electrically connected to the antenna radiator through the feeding end; The antenna radiator includes a first slot and a second slot. The first end of the second slot intersects with the first slot, and the second end intersects with the edge of the antenna radiator, so that the antenna radiator forms a first comb-shaped structure and a second comb-shaped structure at the second slot; The second slot is a bent slot, and the first comb-shaped structure and the second comb-shaped structure are cross-coupled at the bent slot.

2. The slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first slot includes a first strip-shaped slot and a second strip-shaped slot. The first strip-shaped slot extends along a first direction, and the second strip-shaped slot extends along a second direction. Wherein, the second direction is the direction from the antenna radiator to the metal ground, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

3. The slot antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first slot further includes a third strip-shaped slot connected to the second strip-shaped slot; The third strip-shaped slot is parallel to the first strip-shaped slot, and the third strip-shaped slot is located between the first strip-shaped slot and the metal ground.

4. The slot antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third strip-shaped slot, the second strip-shaped slot, and the first strip-shaped slot are connected to form a "dry" shaped structure; or, The connection position of the second slot and the first slot is located on the side of the first strip-shaped slot away from the metal ground; or, The connection position of the second slot and the first slot is located between the first strip-shaped slot and the third strip-shaped slot; or, The connection position of the second slot and the first slot is located between the third strip-shaped slot and the metal ground.

5. The slot antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width of the first strip-shaped slot and / or the second strip-shaped slot and / or the third strip-shaped slot is 0.5-1 mm; and / or, The width of the second slot is 0.2-0.4 mm.

6. The slot antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The second slot is a periodic zigzag and / or curved shape; or, The second slot is a non-periodic zigzag and / or curved shape; or, The second slot includes a plurality of J-shaped fields, and the plurality of J-shaped fields are arranged and connected in a snake-shaped slot along the first direction; or, The second slot includes a plurality of N-shaped segments, and the plurality of N-shaped segments are arranged and connected along the second direction.

7. The slot antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate includes a first board edge and a second board edge, and the feeding end is located between the first board edge and the second board edge; both the first board edge and the second board edge extend along the second direction, and the first board edge and the second board edge are arranged along the first direction; The second slot is located on the side of the first slot close to the first board edge; or, The second slot is located on the side of the first slot close to the second board edge.

8. The slot antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The outer contour of the first slot is a polygon, and the number of side lengths of the polygon is greater than or equal to four; or, The outer contour of the first slot is a circle.

9. The slot antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator on the dielectric substrate is a circle; or, The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator on the dielectric substrate is an ellipse; Or, The orthographic projection of the antenna radiator on the dielectric substrate is a polygon, and the number of side lengths of the polygon is greater than or equal to four.

10. A terminal device, characterized in that: Comprising the slot antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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