A QoS guarantee method for mobile ad hoc networks based on packet multiplexing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a mobile ad hoc network QoS guarantee method based on packet multiplexing. When the service transmission is formally initiated, based on the current service data volume and the self-organizing network node resource evaluation, the transmission of service data can make full use of the available resources of each node in the self-organizing network. When it is found that the mobile ad hoc network node resources need to be shared with other services, the available resources of the self-organizing network nodes can be flexibly allocated according to the service priority division in the form of data packet multiplexing, while ensuring the minimum resources of the original service QoS communication quality, so as to quickly realize the concurrency of multiple services. The adoption of this scheme can not only ensure the service quality of various services, but also make full use of the sending resources, improve the data transmission efficiency, and avoid the routing reselection process caused by insufficient node remaining resources or the resulting service establishment failure as much as possible, so as to meet the demand for reliable data transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communications, and in particular to a method for ensuring quality of service (QoS) of a mobile ad hoc network. Background Art

[0002] The difficulty of QoS guarantee in mobile ad hoc networks lies in the fact that network resources are limited, wireless transmission bandwidth is relatively narrow, and wireless channels are susceptible to various interferences. The lack of ad hoc network resources can easily lead to network congestion, and the poor quality of wireless channels will greatly increase the probability of data transmission errors. Although stronger coding, increased signal strength, and changed routing can improve the quality of wireless channels, they will also occupy more bandwidth, increase the probability of data transmission collisions, increase the burden on the network, and further reduce the available resources of the network.

[0003] Existing solutions have layered processing for QoS in mobile ad hoc networks, which are divided into application layer, QoS support layer, QoS coding layer, QoS routing layer, QoS forwarding layer, QoS transmission layer and bottom layer. This solution determines whether the data receives ACK, encodes the data, selects the route, selects the unicast / multicast transmission mode, controls the data transmission, and finally sends the data from the bottom layer. When the QoS threshold is not met, the signal is processed by adjusting the signal power, modulation mode, detecting other channels, etc. Although the QoS selection, transmission mode and transmission guarantee when the QoS threshold is not met are emphasized, the full utilization of the node resources of the mobile ad hoc network is still not considered. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to realize QoS guarantee of mobile ad hoc network by adopting the method of QoS resource reservation combined with packet multiplexing.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A QoS guarantee method for a mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing comprises the following steps:

[0007] (1) Before establishing a service or changing the route of a service in a mobile ad hoc network, the source node uses the QoS resource reservation mechanism to reserve node resources on the preferred available route according to the resource requirements that at least meet the service QoS threshold. If the QoS resource reservation fails, the source node initiates the QoS resource reservation mechanism on the next available route and the alternative available route in turn. If there is no other available route and the QoS resource reservation on the alternative available route fails, the service establishment or service route change fails; otherwise, the node resource reservation on the available route is successful.

[0008] (2) Determine whether a node on the available route has multiple service data to be transmitted. If yes, execute step (4) for the corresponding node; otherwise, execute step (3);

[0009] (3) In a mobile ad hoc network, a source node initiates service establishment or service route change on an available route for which QoS resources have been successfully reserved, and service transmission resources between nodes are allocated according to the minimum value between the maximum resource required by the service and the maximum remaining resource of the node;

[0010] (4) reserving resources for multiple service data to be transmitted on the same node according to the corresponding service QoS threshold resources;

[0011] (5) The remaining resources of the node after deducting all service QoS threshold resources are allocated according to the priority of the service data.

[0012] Furthermore, in step (1), the service QoS threshold is the minimum threshold that meets the service transmission requirements based on available bandwidth, bit error rate, end-to-end delay and jitter, number of hops and service priority; an available route refers to a link that has not been marked as an unavailable route by the mobile ad hoc network source node and can be connected from the source node to the target node; an alternative available route refers to an available route previously selected by the source node whose QoS resource reservation failed due to a service conflict.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (1), the QoS resource reservation mechanism refers to a mechanism that uses a QoS resource request message to compare the resources that meet the service QoS threshold with the reservable resources of each node in the selected route, determines whether the resource requirements for the service data to be transmitted are met, and feeds back the success or failure of the resource reservation through a QoS resource request response message.

[0014] Furthermore, the transmission of the QoS resource request message and the QoS resource request response message is achieved through out-of-band signaling or in-band signaling; out-of-band signaling means that the message is transmitted by a separate control packet for maintaining routing information, and in-band signaling means that the message is arranged together with the data for transmission.

[0015] Furthermore, the reservable resources of the node are: all available resources of the node when there is no business on the node; the remaining resources of the node excluding the sum of resources required by the QoS thresholds of the respective services corresponding to the existing services on the node when there is already business on the node and the business priority of the resources to be reserved is not lower than the priority of the existing services on the node; the remaining resources of the node excluding resources occupied by the existing services on the node when there is already business on the node and the business priority of the resources to be reserved is lower than the priority of the existing services on the node.

[0016] Further, it is determined whether the resource requirements of the service data to be transmitted are met, and the success or failure of resource reservation is fed back through a QoS resource request response message. The specific process is as follows:

[0017] When there is no service on the node or there is service on the node and there is no service data with a higher priority than the service data of the resources to be reserved, if the QoS threshold resources of the service to be reserved are higher than the reservable resources of the node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message failure message, and the reason is insufficient resources;

[0018] When there is a service on the node and there is service data with a higher priority than the service data of the resources to be reserved, if the QoS threshold resources of the service to be reserved are higher than the reservable resources of the node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message failure message, and the reason is service conflict;

[0019] When the QoS threshold resource of the service to be reserved is not higher than the node's reservable resource, and the node is the target node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message success message;

[0020] When the source node receives a QoS resource request response message due to insufficient resources, the route is marked as an unavailable route; when the source node receives a QoS resource request response message due to service conflict, the route is marked as an alternative available route; when the source node initiates a QoS resource request again on the alternative available route, the service priority is temporarily defaulted to the highest priority.

[0021] Furthermore, the specific implementation process of step (5) is as follows:

[0022] The remaining resources after deducting all service QoS threshold resources will give priority to meeting the data transmission needs of high-priority services. If there are any remaining resources, they will meet the data transmission needs of second-priority services, and so on, until all resources are used up; if there are multiple service data with the same priority and the resources required by the remaining service data are higher than the averagely allocated resources, fair scheduling will be used to evenly allocate resources; if there are multiple service data with the same priority and the resources required by the remaining data of a certain service are not higher than the averagely allocated resources, after the service resources are met, fair scheduling will be used to evenly allocate the remaining resources; if the resources required by all service data do not exceed the maximum transmission resources, they will be allocated according to the actual resource size required by the service data.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] 1) Through the QoS resource reservation mechanism, the QoS communication resources required for new mobile ad hoc network services or service route changes can be effectively guaranteed, thereby improving the success rate of service communications.

[0025] 2) During business transmission, the data transmission of the business can be completed as quickly as possible based on the negotiation between the business volume and the remaining resources of the node.

[0026] 3) The service data grouping mechanism can effectively guarantee the QoS transmission quality when multiple services are concurrently running in the mobile ad hoc network.

[0027] 4) The service data reuse mechanism can maximize the utilization of mobile ad hoc network node resources and reduce the probability of network congestion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of QoS resource reservation for services of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of service data group multiplexing of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] A QoS guarantee method for a mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing comprises the following steps:

[0032] (1) Before establishing a service or changing the route of a service in a mobile ad hoc network, the source node uses the QoS resource reservation mechanism to reserve node resources on the preferred available route according to the resource requirements that at least meet the service QoS threshold. If the QoS resource reservation fails, the source node initiates the QoS resource reservation mechanism on the next available route and the alternative available route in turn. If there is no other available route and the QoS resource reservation on the alternative available route fails, the service establishment or service route change fails; otherwise, the node resource reservation on the available route is successful.

[0033] Specific:

[0034] 1.1 The service QoS threshold is the minimum threshold that meets the service transmission requirements based on available bandwidth, bit error rate, end-to-end delay and jitter, number of hops and service priority;

[0035] 1.2 An available route refers to a link that is not marked as an unavailable route by the source node of the mobile ad hoc network and can be connected from the source node to the target node;

[0036] 1.3 The alternative available route refers to the available route previously selected by the source node whose QoS resource reservation fails due to service conflict.

[0037] 1.4 The QoS resource reservation mechanism refers to the use of QoS resource request messages to compare the resources that meet the service QoS threshold with the reservable resources of each node in the selected route, determine whether the resource requirements of the service data to be transmitted are met, and feedback the success or failure of resource reservation through a QoS resource request response message.

[0038] 1.4.1 The transmission of QoS resource request message and QoS resource request response message is realized through out-band signaling or in-band signaling; out-band signaling means that the message is transmitted by a separate control packet to maintain routing information, and in-band signaling means that the message is transmitted together with the data.

[0039] 1.4.2 The reservable resources of a node are: all available resources of the node when there is no business on the node; the remaining resources of the node excluding the sum of the resources required for the QoS thresholds of the existing services on the node when there is business on the node and the business priority of the resources to be reserved is not lower than the priority of the existing services on the node; the remaining resources of the node excluding the resources occupied by the existing services on the node when there is business on the node and the business priority of the resources to be reserved is lower than the priority of the existing services on the node.

[0040] 1.4.3 Determine whether the resource requirements of the service data to be transmitted are met, and feedback the success or failure of resource reservation through a QoS resource request response message. The specific process is as follows:

[0041] When there is no service on the node or there is service on the node and there is no service data with a higher priority than the service data of the resources to be reserved, if the QoS threshold resources of the service to be reserved are higher than the reservable resources of the node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message failure message, and the reason is insufficient resources;

[0042] When there is a service on the node and there is service data with a higher priority than the service data of the resources to be reserved, if the QoS threshold resources of the service to be reserved are higher than the reservable resources of the node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message failure message, and the reason is service conflict;

[0043] When the QoS threshold resource of the service to be reserved is not higher than the node's reservable resource, and the node is the target node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message success message;

[0044] When the source node receives a QoS resource request response message due to insufficient resources, the route is marked as an unavailable route; when the source node receives a QoS resource request response message due to service conflict, the route is marked as an alternative available route; when the source node initiates a QoS resource request again on the alternative available route, the service priority is temporarily defaulted to the highest priority.

[0045] (2) Determine whether a node on the available route has multiple service data to be transmitted. If yes, execute step (4) for the corresponding node; otherwise, execute step (3);

[0046] (3) In a mobile ad hoc network, a source node initiates service establishment or service route change on an available route for which QoS resources have been successfully reserved, and service transmission resources between nodes are allocated according to the minimum value between the maximum resource required by the service and the maximum remaining resource of the node;

[0047] (4) reserving resources for multiple service data to be transmitted on the same node according to the corresponding service QoS threshold resources;

[0048] (5) The remaining resources after deducting all service QoS threshold resources from the node are allocated according to the priority of the service data. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0049] The remaining resources after deducting all service QoS threshold resources will give priority to meeting the data transmission needs of high-priority services. If there are any remaining resources, they will meet the data transmission needs of second-priority services, and so on, until all resources are used up; if there are multiple service data with the same priority and the resources required by the remaining service data are higher than the averagely allocated resources, fair scheduling will be used to evenly allocate resources; if there are multiple service data with the same priority and the resources required by the remaining data of a certain service are not higher than the averagely allocated resources, after the service resources are met, fair scheduling will be used to evenly allocate the remaining resources; if the resources required by all service data do not exceed the maximum transmission resources, they will be allocated according to the actual resource size required by the service data.

[0050] Example:

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, assuming that 15 nodes form a mobile ad hoc network, the smaller the service priority value, the higher the service priority. The M4 node wants to establish a communication service with the M13 node. The service priority is 2. The service QoS threshold evaluation needs to occupy at least 40% of the resources of each node. The M4 node chooses to initiate QoS resource reservation on route 1 (M4, M8, M11, M13). After the resource reservation is successful, the service actually occupies 40% of the resources in the resource pool of M4, M8, M11 and M13 nodes on route 1. The M2 node wants to establish a communication service with the M12 node. The service priority is 3. The service QoS threshold evaluation needs to occupy at least 20% of the resources of each node. The M2 node chooses to initiate QoS resource reservation on route 2 (M2, M4, M8, M10, M12). After the resource reservation is successful, as shown Figure 1 When the M2 node communicates with the M12 node, based on the maximum resource required by the business and the maximum remaining resources of the node, it actually occupies 60% of the resources in the resource pool of the M2, M4, M8, M10 and M12 nodes on route 2.

[0052] like Figure 2As shown in the figure, at this time, the M5 node initiates a communication service with the M9 node, and the service priority is 1. The newly created service QoS threshold evaluation needs to occupy at least 20% of the resources of each node. The M5 node selects route 3 (M5, M4, M6, M9) to initiate QoS resource reservation, and finds that the remaining node resources are 0 at the M4 node. However, since the service QoS threshold of route 1 on the M4 node only needs to occupy 40% of the resources, and the service priority is 2; the service QoS threshold of route 2 only needs to occupy 20% of the resources, and the service priority is 3, both are lower than the service priority of route 3 newly initiated by the M5 node, the node can reserve 40% of resources. The service QoS threshold of route 3 corresponds to 20% of the resources, and the M4 node will consider the QoS resource reservation request to be successful, and continue to pass the QoS resource request to the M6 ​​node, and finally reach the M9 node. The M9 node feedbacks that the resource reservation is successful, and the subsequent M5 node can communicate normally with the M9 node. During the subsequent service transmission, the M4 node transmits the service data of routes 1, 2 and 3 by packet multiplexing. First, according to the service grouping, ensure that the QoS threshold resources corresponding to the service data of routes 1, 2 and 3 on the M4 node are allocated first. Then, according to the service priority, first ensure the transmission resources of the service data on route 3, then ensure the service data transmission resources on route 1, and finally allocate the remaining resources to the service data on route 2.

[0053] As described above, the services on routes 1, 2, and 3 can all be successfully established at one time, supporting the concurrent transmission requirements of multiple services while ensuring the QoS of multiple services.

Claims

1. A QoS guarantee method for a mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Before establishing a service or changing the route of a service in a mobile ad hoc network, the source node uses the QoS resource reservation mechanism to reserve node resources on the preferred available route according to the resource requirements that at least meet the service QoS threshold. If the QoS resource reservation fails, the source node initiates the QoS resource reservation mechanism on the next available route and the alternative available route in turn. If there is no other available route and the QoS resource reservation on the alternative available route fails, the service establishment or service route change fails; otherwise, the node resource reservation on the available route is successful; (2) Determine whether a node on the available route has multiple service data to be transmitted. If so, execute step (4) for the corresponding node; otherwise, execute step (3); (3) In a mobile ad hoc network, the source node initiates service establishment or service route change on an available route for which QoS resources have been successfully reserved, and the service transmission resources between nodes are allocated according to the minimum value between the maximum resource required by the service and the maximum remaining resource of the node; (4) Reserving resources for multiple service data to be transmitted on the same node according to the corresponding service QoS threshold resources; (5) Allocate the remaining resources of the node after deducting all service QoS threshold resources according to the priority of the service data; Among them, in step (1), the QoS resource reservation mechanism refers to a mechanism that uses a QoS resource request message to compare the resources that meet the service QoS threshold with the reservable resources of each node of the selected route, determines whether the resource requirements of the service data to be transmitted are met, and feeds back the success or failure of resource reservation through a QoS resource request response message; Among them, it is determined whether the resource requirements of the service data to be transmitted are met, and the success or failure of resource reservation is fed back through a QoS resource request response message. The specific process is as follows: When there is no service on the node or there is service on the node and there is no service data with a higher priority than the service data of the resources to be reserved, if the QoS threshold resources of the service to be reserved are higher than the reservable resources of the node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message failure message, and the reason is insufficient resources; When there is a service on the node and there is service data with a higher priority than the service data of the resources to be reserved, if the QoS threshold resources of the service to be reserved are higher than the reservable resources of the node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message failure message, and the reason is service conflict; When the QoS threshold resource of the service to be reserved is not higher than the node's reservable resource, and the node is the target node, the node sends a QoS resource request response message success message; When the source node receives a QoS resource request response message due to insufficient resources, the route is marked as an unavailable route; when the source node receives a QoS resource request response message due to service conflict, the route is marked as an alternative available route; when the source node initiates a QoS resource request again on the alternative available route, the service priority is temporarily defaulted to the highest priority.

2. The QoS guarantee method for mobile ad hoc networks based on packet multiplexing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the service QoS threshold is the minimum threshold that meets the service transmission requirements based on available bandwidth, bit error rate, end-to-end delay and jitter, number of hops and service priority; the available route refers to the link that has not been marked as an unavailable route by the mobile ad hoc network source node and can be connected from the source node to the target node; the alternative available route refers to the available route previously selected by the source node when QoS resource reservation fails due to service conflict.

3. The QoS guarantee method for mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission of the QoS resource request message and the QoS resource request response message is achieved through out-band signaling or in-band signaling; out-band signaling means that the message is transmitted by a separate control packet for maintaining routing information, and in-band signaling means that the message is transmitted together with the data.

4. The QoS guarantee method for mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reservable resources of the node are: all available resources of the node when there is no business on the node; the remaining resources of the node excluding the sum of resources required by the QoS thresholds of the respective services corresponding to the existing services on the node when there is business on the node and the business priority of the resources to be reserved is not lower than the priority of the existing services on the node; the remaining resources of the node excluding resources occupied by the existing services on the node when there is business on the node and the business priority of the resources to be reserved is lower than the priority of the existing services on the node.

5. The QoS guarantee method for mobile ad hoc network based on packet multiplexing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific implementation process of step (5) is as follows: The remaining resources after deducting all service QoS threshold resources will give priority to meeting the data transmission needs of high-priority services. If there are any remaining resources, they will meet the data transmission needs of second-priority services, and so on, until all resources are used up; if there are multiple service data with the same priority and the resources required by the remaining service data are higher than the averagely allocated resources, fair scheduling will be used to evenly allocate resources; if there are multiple service data with the same priority and the resources required by the remaining data of a certain service are not higher than the averagely allocated resources, after the service resources are met, fair scheduling will be used to evenly allocate the remaining resources; if the resources required by all service data do not exceed the maximum transmission resources, they will be allocated according to the actual resource size required by the service data.

Images