Methods, systems, mobile nodes, and circuitry for link adaptation

Abstract

A method of configuring transmissions in a mobile telecommunication network based on a target error rate of the transmissions, the transmissions being between a first mobile node of the mobile telecommunication network and a second mobile node of the mobile telecommunication network. The method comprises, in an initialization phase, the first mobile node and the second mobile node communicating (S801) according to a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate, measuring (S802) an initial transmission quality associated with the transmissions in the initialization phase, determining (S803) a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration, and, in a stable phase, the first mobile node and the second mobile node communicating (S804) according to the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

Description

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority under the Paris Convention to European patent application EP20167597.2, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to methods, systems, mobile nodes, and circuits for configuring transmissions in mobile telecommunications networks, particularly based on error rates. Background Technology

[0004] The “background” description provided herein is intended to provide a general context for this disclosure. To the extent described in this background section, the work of the currently named inventors and aspects of the description that may not be considered prior art at the time of filing are neither explicitly nor implicitly considered to be prior art to this invention.

[0005] Third and fourth generation mobile telecommunications systems (e.g., mobile telecommunications systems based on the UMTS and LTE architectures defined by 3GPP) are capable of supporting more complex services than the simple voice and messaging services offered by previous generations of mobile telecommunications systems. For example, through the improved radio interface and enhanced data rates provided by LTE systems, users can enjoy high-data-rate applications such as mobile video streaming and mobile video conferencing, which were previously only available via fixed-line data connections. Therefore, the demand for deploying such networks is significant, and the coverage areas of these networks—i.e., the geographical locations where network access is available—are expected to increase rapidly.

[0006] Future wireless communication networks are expected to routinely and efficiently support communication with a wider range of devices than currently optimized for, associated with a broader range of data traffic profiles and types. For example, future wireless communication networks are expected to efficiently support communication with devices including reduced-complexity devices, machine-type communication (MTC) devices, high-resolution video displays, virtual reality headsets, and so on. Some of these different types of devices can be deployed in large numbers, for example, low-complexity devices to support the “Internet of Things”, and can typically be associated with the transmission of smaller amounts of data with higher latency tolerance.

[0007] In view of this, it is expected that future wireless communication networks, such as those that may be called 5G or New Radio (NR) systems / New Radio Access Technology (RAT) systems [1], as well as future iterations / versions of existing systems, will effectively support the connection of various devices associated with different applications and different data traffic profiles.

[0008] One example of this new service is called Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC), which, as the name suggests, requires data units or packets to communicate with high reliability and low latency. Therefore, URLLC represents a challenging example for both LTE-type and 5G / NR communication systems.

[0009] PCT application PCT / EP2017 / 071636, with publication number WO2018050431 and entitled “Wireless Telecommunications Equipment and Methods”, provides a discussion of low-latency transmission (e.g., URLLC transmission) that may be of interest to readers in the art.

[0010] The increasing use of different types of communication devices associated with different business profiles presents new challenges for effectively handling communications in wireless telecommunications systems, which need to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The invention is defined in the appended claims.

[0012] According to a first example of this disclosure, a method is provided for configuring transmissions in a mobile telecommunications network based on a target error rate, the transmissions occurring between a first mobile node and a second mobile node (sometimes also referred to as a "functional node") in the mobile telecommunications network. The method includes: in an initialization phase, the first and second mobile nodes communicating according to a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than a target error rate. The method also includes, for example, an initial transmission quality associated with the transmissions during the initialization phase, such as those from the second mobile node, measured by the first node. Based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration, a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate is determined. In a stabilization phase, the first and second mobile nodes communicating according to the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0013] The initialization phase can be terminated once N (N>1) unsuccessful transmissions are detected in the communication between the first and second mobile nodes. The number N of unsuccessful transmissions can be set based on a first error rate or a target error rate.

[0014] During the initialization phase, the first mobile node and the second mobile node can communicate based on an intermediate communication configuration associated with an intermediate error rate lower than a first error rate. For example, the intermediate error rate can be lower than the first error rate and higher than the target error rate.

[0015] The downlink transmission sub-time slots in the first communication configuration can be shorter than those in the second communication configuration. This allows for shorter communication cycles (which, for example, enables the use of repetition and / or retransmission) and / or shorter cycles for updating the communication configuration.

[0016] The method may include measuring further transmission quality associated with transmissions in the stabilization phase. Initial transmission quality may be associated with measurements of a first set of resource units, and further transmission quality may be associated with measurements of a second set of resource units, wherein a first ratio of the number of resource units in the first set to the number of resource units in the transmission during the initialization phase is greater than a second ratio of the number of resource units in the second set to the number of resource units in the transmission during the stabilization phase. In this case, resource units may be, for example, physical bits, physical resource blocks, resource elements, or any other suitable resource unit.

[0017] The method may include identifying unsuccessful transmissions from a second mobile node to a first mobile node, and identifying whether the identified transmission occurred during an initialization phase. If the identified transmission occurred during the initialization phase, the first mobile node may transmit an aperiodic quality indicator to the second mobile node. For example, if the identified transmission did not occur during the initialization phase, such as during a stabilization phase, the first mobile node may not transmit an aperiodic quality indicator to the second mobile node. The aperiodic quality indicator may, for example, be A-CSI.

[0018] The method may include identifying unsuccessful transmissions from a second mobile node to a first mobile node. If the identified transmission occurs during an initialization phase, the first mobile node may transmit a first type of aperiodic quality indicator to the second mobile node, and if the identified transmission occurs during a stable phase, the first mobile node may transmit a second type of aperiodic quality indicator to the second mobile node, the second type of aperiodic quality indicator being different from the first type of aperiodic quality indicator.

[0019] The method may include: a first mobile node estimating the number of retransmissions or repetitions required to achieve a target error rate based on measured initial transmission quality; the first mobile node reporting the estimated number of retransmissions or repetitions to a second mobile node; and the second mobile node determining a second communication configuration based on the reported estimated number of retransmissions or repetitions.

[0020] Compared to the allocation format or window in the second communication configuration, the allocation format or window for the uplink control channel used to report the success of downlink transmissions in the first communication configuration can be smaller. For example, this format could correspond to a physical uplink control channel format that provides more bits for ACK / NACK reports and / or provides more frequent bits for ACK / NACK reports. Alternatively, the size of the physical uplink control channel window can be reduced to allow for faster acknowledgment feedback and / or faster scheduling of retransmissions (if used).

[0021] During the initialization phase, the first mobile node can use a first number of acknowledgment messages to acknowledge each transmission from the second mobile node, and during the stabilization phase, the first mobile node can use a second number of acknowledgment messages to acknowledge each transmission from the second mobile node, the second number of acknowledgment messages being different from and fewer than the first number of acknowledgment messages.

[0022] For example, during the initialization phase, the number of acknowledgment messages used to confirm a given transmission from the second mobile node may include a first acknowledgment message corresponding to a first repetition of the given transmission and a second acknowledgment message corresponding to a combination of the first repetition and the second repetition of the given transmission.

[0023] Alternatively, during the initialization phase, the number of acknowledgment messages used to confirm a given transmission from the second mobile node may include acknowledgment messages corresponding to a decoding attempt using a first coding rate and another acknowledgment message corresponding to another decoding attempt using a different coding rate than the first coding rate.

[0024] Alternatively, during the initialization phase, the first mobile node may be configured to measure the initial transmission quality associated with transmissions in the initialization phase using: a full decoding attempt to decode the first transmission received from the second mobile node during the initialization phase using all symbols or physical bits of the first transmission; and partial decoding attempts to decode the first transmission using some, but not all, symbols or physical bits of the first transmission, respectively. The method also includes transmitting a first acknowledgment message associated with the full decoding attempt and a second acknowledgment message associated with the partial decoding attempt.

[0025] The first communication configuration may be associated with two or more repetitions of at least some transmissions, and the second communication configuration may be associated with the deactivation of the repetitions of the transmissions.

[0026] Measuring the initial transmission quality may include the error rate detected by the first mobile node for each of a plurality of coding rates for at least one transmission.

[0027] For example, the error rate detected for each of a plurality of coding rates for at least one transmission may include a first mobile node puncturing at least one transmission to simulate receiving at least one transmission at different coding rates.

[0028] Alternatively or additionally, at least one transmission may include two or more parts, wherein a first part is encoded using a first coding rate, and wherein another part is encoded using a different coding rate than the first coding rate. The first mobile node may then determine an error rate associated with the first part and a second error rate associated with the second part.

[0029] Alternatively or additionally, the first mobile node may transmit an error rate report indicating the error rate detected for each of a plurality of coding rates; and / or derive a recommended coding rate for achieving the target error rate based on the target error rate and the error rate detected for each of the plurality of coding rates, and transmit a recommendation report indicating the recommended coding rate.

[0030] Alternatively or additionally, the method may include a first mobile node or a second mobile node determining one or more interpolation parameters based on transmission quality information from a plurality of mobile nodes, wherein the interpolation parameters are used to determine the configuration of the transmission parameters based on a desired error rate of a known error rate from other configurations of the transmission parameters. For example, the method may include at least one of the first and second mobile nodes storing one or more determined interpolation parameters; and upon detecting a reconnection event between the first and second mobile nodes, using the stored interpolation parameters to determine the configuration of the transmission parameters based on a desired error rate for communication between the first mobile node and the functional node. For example, parameters may be stored first (e.g., when initially determined or when the first mobile node disconnects from the cell, etc.) for use when the first mobile node reconnects to the second mobile node. Additionally or alternatively, the first or second mobile node may transmit one or more interpolation parameters respectively.

[0031] The method may further include reporting the transmission quality of measurements associated with a first communication configuration; and further transmission quality associated with the measurements (e.g., by a first mobile node) and transmissions in a stable phase (e.g., from a second mobile node). The first communication configuration may be associated with a first timing configuration for reporting the transmission quality of measurements, and the second communication configuration may be associated with a second timing configuration for reporting the further transmission quality of measurements. The first timing configuration may indicate reporting opportunities that are more frequent than those indicated in the second timing configuration.

[0032] For example, a report on the measured transmission quality can be based on the transmission quality relative to a first error rate, and a report on the measured further transmission quality can be based on the transmission quality relative to a target error rate.

[0033] Alternatively or additionally, the report of measured transmission quality is based on transmission quality relative to a first error rate and transmission quality relative to a second error rate different from the first error rate (e.g., the second error rate may be a target error rate, or it may be an error rate lower than the first error rate but higher than the target error rate). Further reports of measured transmission quality may be based on transmission quality relative to the target error rate.

[0034] In some examples, the method may also include reporting measured transmission quality associated with a first communication configuration, wherein reporting the measured transmission quality includes transmitting a first transmission quality report based on the measured transmission quality; determining whether a predetermined timer has expired since the previous transmission quality report was transmitted; and transmitting a further transmission quality report based on the measured transmission quality. In this example, if the predetermined timer has expired since the previous transmission quality report was transmitted, the further transmission quality report is based on a first error rate, and if the predetermined timer has not expired since the previous transmission quality report was transmitted, the further transmission quality report is based on a target error rate.

[0035] The method may further include a first mobile node reporting the transmission quality of the measurement associated with the first communication configuration by: firstly reporting the transmission quality of the measurement associated with the first communication configuration based on a first mapping table, wherein the first mapping table associates the transmission quality measurement with one or more reported values; and later reporting the transmission quality of the measurement based on the measured transmission quality, based on a second mapping table that associates the transmission quality measurement with one or more reported values, the second mapping table being different from the first mapping table.

[0036] For example, the second mobile node can instruct the first mobile node to report the measured transmission quality based on a second correspondence table.

[0037] Alternatively or additionally, both the first and second mapping tables may associate modulation and coding schemes with corresponding reported values. The first mobile node reports measured transmission quality, including selecting a modulation and coding scheme based on the expected error rate and reporting values ​​corresponding to the selected modulation scheme. The first and second mapping tables are associated with the same expected error rate, and the second mapping table provides a finer-grained description of the modulation and coding schemes surrounding the one first reported using the first mapping table.

[0038] In some examples, the first communication configuration includes one or more of the following: sub-slot size; number of symbols in each sub-slot; number of resource blocks in the sub-slot; modulation and coding scheme; and allocation size of the uplink control channel for reporting whether downlink transmission is successful.

[0039] The second communication configuration may include one or more of the following: sub-slot size; number of symbols in each sub-slot; number of resource blocks in the sub-slot; modulation and coding scheme; and allocation size of the uplink control channel used to report whether downlink transmission is successful.

[0040] For example, in the first configuration relative to the second configuration, the sub-slot size may be shorter, the number of symbols per sub-slot may be fewer, the number of resource blocks in the sub-slot may be fewer, the modulation and coding scheme may be less efficient, and the allocation size of the uplink control channel used to report whether the downlink transmission is successful may be larger.

[0041] The first mobile node can be one or more of a mobile terminal, UE, mobile station, and relay station.

[0042] The second mobile node can be one or more of a base station, relay station, remote radio head, mobile station (e.g., in a device-to-device environment), and transmit / receive point. The second mobile node can be, for example, a mobile node that provides a radio interface to the first mobile node for communicating with a mobile telecommunications network, such as communicating with the core network of the mobile telecommunications network and / or mobile stations within the mobile telecommunications network.

[0043] In some examples, the target error rate is one or more of the following: less than or equal to 10 -2 Less than or equal to 10 -3 Less than or equal to 10 -4 Less than or equal to 10 -5 Less than or equal to 10 -6 .

[0044] According to a second example of this disclosure, a method is provided for operating a first mobile node in a mobile telecommunications network and configuring transmissions based on a target error rate, the transmissions occurring between the first mobile node and a second mobile node in the mobile telecommunications network. The method includes the first mobile node: in an initialization phase, communicating with a second mobile node according to a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate; measuring an initial transmission quality associated with the transmissions in the initialization phase; determining a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration; and in a stabilization phase, communicating with the second mobile node according to the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0045] According to a third example of this disclosure, a mobile node is provided for use in a mobile telecommunications network and for configuring transmissions based on a target error rate, the transmissions occurring between the mobile node and a second mobile node in the mobile telecommunications network. The mobile node is configured to: during an initialization phase, communicate with the second mobile node according to a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate; measure an initial transmission quality associated with the transmissions during the initialization phase; determine a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate, wherein the second communication configuration is based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration; and during a stabilization phase, communicate with the second mobile node according to the target error rate and the second communication configuration. The mobile node may, for example, use one or more configurations, which may be determined by the mobile node itself or based on signals or indications from the second node. For example, between the initialization and stabilization phases, mobile nodes may use different sub-slot sizes (e.g., configured or indicated by the network and / or the second mobile node), decode received transmissions using different MCSs (e.g., selected by the network or the second mobile node to correspond to higher or lower error rate targets), use reporting schemes associated with different error rate targets, and so on.

[0046] According to a fourth example of this disclosure, a circuit for a mobile node is provided for use in a mobile telecommunications network and for configuring transmission based on a target error rate, the transmission occurring between the mobile node and a second mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network via a radio access interface of the mobile telecommunications network. The circuit includes: a transmitter circuit configured to transmit signals via the radio access interface; a receiver circuit configured to receive signals via the radio access interface; and a controller circuit configured to control the transmitter and receiver to: communicate with the second mobile node according to a first error rate and a first communication configuration during an initialization phase, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate; measure an initial transmission quality associated with the transmission during the initialization phase; determine a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration; and communicate with the second mobile node according to the target error rate and the second communication configuration during a stabilization phase.

[0047] According to a fifth example of this disclosure, a method is provided for operating a functional node (e.g., a second node above or below) in a mobile telecommunications network and configuring transmissions based on a target error rate, the transmissions occurring between a first mobile node and a functional node in the mobile telecommunications network. The method includes the functional node: in an initialization phase, communicating with the first mobile node according to a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate; determining a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate based on initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration; and in a stabilization phase, communicating with the first mobile node according to the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0048] The method may include a functional node receiving one or more interpolation parameters from a first mobile node for determining a configuration of the transmission parameters based on a desired error rate and a known error rate based on other configurations of the transmission parameters; receiving one or more further interpolation parameters from at least one further mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network for determining a configuration of the transmission parameters based on the desired error rate and a known error rate based on other configurations of the transmission parameters; averaging the received one or more interpolation parameters and the received one or more further interpolation parameters to determine one or more average interpolation parameters; and determining a configuration of the transmission parameters based on the one or more average interpolation parameters.

[0049] In some examples, the method may include the functional node receiving a recommended coding rate from the first mobile node to achieve the target error rate; and determining a second communication configuration based on the recommended coding rate.

[0050] The method may include receiving one or more interpolation parameters from a first mobile node for determining the configuration of the transmission parameters based on a desired error rate and a known error rate based on other configurations of the transmission parameters. One or more interpolation parameters may be received, for example, during an initialization phase, for example, based at least on a first error rate and a first communication configuration during the initialization phase, possibly with additional error rates and / or communication configurations.

[0051] According to a sixth example of this disclosure, a functional node is provided for use in a mobile telecommunications network and for configuring transmissions based on a target error rate, the transmissions occurring between a first mobile node and the functional node in the mobile telecommunications network. The functional node is configured to: in an initialization phase, communicate with the first mobile node according to a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate; determine a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate, wherein the second communication configuration is based on an initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration; and in a stabilization phase, communicate with the first mobile node according to the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0052] According to a seventh example of this disclosure, a circuit for a functional node is provided for use in a mobile telecommunications network and for configuring transmission based on a target error rate, the transmission occurring between a first mobile node and the functional node in the mobile telecommunications network via a radio access interface of the mobile telecommunications network. The circuit includes: a transmitter circuit configured to transmit signals via the radio access interface; a receiver circuit configured to receive signals via the radio access interface; and a controller circuit configured to control the transmitter and receiver: in an initialization phase, communicating with the first mobile node based on a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate; determining a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate, wherein the second communication configuration is based on an initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration; and in a stabilization phase, communicating with the first mobile node based on the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0053] According to an eighth example of this disclosure, a system for use in a mobile telecommunications network is provided, the system including a first mobile node and a second mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network, and the system being configured to configure transmission based on a target error rate of transmission between the first mobile node and the second mobile node. The first mobile node and the second mobile node are configured to: communicate according to a first error rate and a first communication configuration during an initialization phase, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate; and communicate according to the target error rate and a second communication configuration during a stabilization phase. At least one of the first mobile node and the second mobile node is configured to measure an initial transmission quality associated with transmission during the initialization phase; and at least one of the first mobile node and the second mobile node is configured to determine a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration.

[0054] The appended claims define various aspects and features of this disclosure.

[0055] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are merely illustrative and not limiting of the techniques and teachings of this disclosure. While this disclosure includes exemplary arrangements that fall within the scope of the claims (and while other exemplary arrangements may also fall within the scope of the claims), it may also include exemplary arrangements that do not necessarily fall within the scope of the claims but which are helpful in understanding the teachings and techniques provided herein. Attached Figure Description

[0056] A more complete understanding of the present disclosure and its many accompanying advantages will be readily obtained when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by referring to the following detailed description, in which the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts in several views, and:

[0057] Figure 1 These illustrations represent aspects of an LTE-type wireless telecommunications system that can be configured to operate according to certain embodiments of this disclosure.

[0058] Figure 2 The illustrations represent some aspects of a novel Radio Access Technology (RAT) wireless telecommunication system that can be configured to operate according to certain embodiments of this disclosure.

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of example infrastructure equipment and communication devices configured according to example embodiments;

[0060] Figure 4 An example frame structure for eMBB transmission is shown;

[0061] Figure 5 An example frame structure for URLLC transmission is shown;

[0062] Figure 6 An example CQI outer loop in a base station is shown;

[0063] Figure 7 An example variation of the correction factor "CF" in the CQI outer loop is shown;

[0064] Figure 8 An example method for configuring transport in a mobile network is shown; and

[0065] Figure 9 An example estimation of the modulation and coding scheme for the target error rate is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0066] Long Term Evolution (LTE) Advanced Wireless Access Technology (4G)

[0067] Figure 1 A schematic diagram is provided illustrating some basic functions of a mobile telecommunications network / system 100 that typically operates according to LTE principles. However, the mobile telecommunications network / system 100 may also support other radio access technologies and may be adapted to implement embodiments of this disclosure as described herein. Figure 1Certain aspects of the various components and their corresponding operating modes are well known and defined in relevant standards managed by the 3GPP (RTM) organization, and described in numerous books on the subject, such as Holma H. ​​and Toskala A[2]. It should be understood that the operational aspects of telecommunications networks not specifically described herein (e.g., regarding specific communication protocols and physical channels used for communication between different components) can be implemented according to any known technology, such as, based on relevant standards and known proposed modifications and additions to relevant standards.

[0068] Network 100 includes multiple base stations 101 connected to core network portion 102. Each base station provides a coverage area 103 (e.g., a cell) within which data can be transmitted to and from communication devices 104. Data is transmitted from base station 101 to communication device 104 via a wireless downlink within its respective coverage area 103. Data is transmitted from communication device 104 to base station 101 via a wireless uplink. Core network portion 102 routes data to and from communication devices 104 via the respective base stations 101 and provides functions such as authentication, mobility management, and billing. Communication devices may also be referred to as mobile stations, mobile terminal (MT) user equipment (UE), user terminals, mobile radios, terminal devices, etc. A base station is an example of network infrastructure equipment / network access nodes and may also be referred to as a transceiver station / nodeB / e-nodeB, g-nodeB (gNB), etc. In this respect, different terms are often associated with different generations of wireless telecommunications systems to provide elements with broadly comparable functions. However, the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure can be equivalently implemented in different generations of wireless telecommunication systems (e.g., 5G or newer radios as explained below), and for simplicity, certain terms may be used regardless of the underlying network architecture. That is, the use of specific terms associated with certain example implementations is not intended to indicate that these implementations are limited to the specific generation of networks that are most relevant to that specific term.

[0069] New wireless access technology (5G)

[0070] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the network architecture of a new RAT wireless communication network / system 200 based on previously proposed methods, which can also be applied to provide functionality according to the disclosed embodiments described herein. Figure 2The new RAT network 200, as shown in the diagram, includes a first communication cell 201 and a second communication cell 202. Each communication cell 201, 202 includes control nodes (centralized units) 221, 222 that communicate with the core network component 210 via corresponding wired or wireless links 251, 252. Each control node 221, 222 also communicates with multiple distributed units (radio access nodes / remote transmit and receive points (TRPs)) 211, 212 within its corresponding cell. These communications can also be conducted via corresponding wired or wireless links. Distributed units 211, 212 are responsible for providing radio access interfaces for communication devices connected to the network. Each distributed unit 211, 212 has a coverage area (radio access footprint) 241, 242, wherein the sum of the coverage areas of the distributed units under the control of the control nodes collectively defines the coverage range of the corresponding communication cell 201, 202. Each distributed unit 211, 212 includes transceiver circuitry for transmitting and receiving wireless signals and processor circuitry configured to control the respective distributed unit 211, 212.

[0071] In terms of broad top-level functions, Figure 2 The core network component 210 of the new RAT communication network, as shown in the figure, can be broadly considered to correspond to Figure 1 The core network 102, represented in the figure, and the corresponding control nodes 221, 222 and their associated distributed units / TRPs 211, 212 can be broadly considered to provide corresponding... Figure 1 The function of a base station. The term network infrastructure equipment / access node can be used for these elements that contain wireless communication systems and more traditional base station type elements. Depending on the application at hand, the responsibility for scheduling transmissions on the radio interface between the corresponding distributed unit and communication device can be undertaken by the control node / centralized unit and / or distributed unit / TRP.

[0072] Within the coverage area of ​​the first communication cell 201, in Figure 2 The symbol 260 represents a communication device, mobile terminal, or UE. The communication device 260 can therefore exchange signaling with a first control node 221 in the first communication cell via a distributed unit 221 associated with the first communication cell 201. In some cases, communication of a given communication device is routed through only one distributed unit; however, it will be understood that in some other implementations, communication associated with a given communication device can be routed through more than one distributed unit, for example, in soft handover scenarios and other scenarios.

[0073] exist Figure 2In the example, for simplicity, two communication cells 201 and 202 and one communication device 260 are shown, but it is of course understood that in practice, the system may include a large number of communication cells serving a large number of communication devices (each communication cell is supported by a corresponding control node and multiple distributed units).

[0074] It should also be understood that Figure 2 This is merely one example of the proposed architecture of the new RAT communication system, in which methods based on the principles described herein can be employed, and the functions disclosed herein can also be applied to wireless communication systems with different architectures.

[0075] Therefore, it can be based on various different architectures, for example, Figure 1 and 2 The example architectures shown implement exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure discussed herein in a wireless communication system / network. Therefore, it should be understood that in any given implementation, the specific wireless communication architecture is not important to the principles described herein. In this regard, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are typically described in the context of communication between network infrastructure devices / access nodes and communication devices, where the specific properties of the network infrastructure devices / access nodes and communication devices will depend on the network infrastructure used for the implementation at hand. For example, in some cases, the network infrastructure device / access node may include a base station, e.g., Figure 1 The LTE-type base station 101 shown herein is suitable for providing functionality according to the principles described herein, and in other examples, network infrastructure equipment may include... Figure 2 The control units / control nodes 221, 222 and / or TRPs 211, 212 of the type shown are adapted to provide functionality according to the principles described herein.

[0076] exist Figure 3 The document presents a UE / communication device 270 (which may correspond to a communication device, for example, Figure 2 Communication device 260 or Figure 1 A more detailed description of the communication device 104) and example network infrastructure device 272, which can be considered as a combination of gNB 101 or control node 221 and TRP 211. Figure 3 As shown, UE 270 is depicted transmitting uplink data to infrastructure device 272 via uplink resources of the radio access interface, as indicated by arrow 274, from UE 270 to infrastructure device 272. UE 270 can similarly be configured to receive downlink data transmitted by infrastructure device 272 via downlink resources, as indicated by arrow 288, from infrastructure device 272 to UE 270. Figure 1 and Figure 2Similarly, infrastructure device 272 is connected to core network 276 via interface 278 to controller 280 of infrastructure device 272. Infrastructure device 272 includes receiver 282 and transmitter 286 connected to antenna 284. Accordingly, UE 270 includes controller 290 connected to receiver 292, which receives signals from antenna 294, and transmitter 296 is also connected to antenna 294.

[0077] Controller 280 is configured to control infrastructure device 272 and may include processor circuitry, which in turn may include various sub-units / sub-circuits for providing the functions further explained herein. These sub-units may be implemented as appropriately configured discrete hardware elements or processor circuitry. Therefore, controller 280 may include circuitry appropriately configured / programmed to provide the desired functions for devices in a wireless telecommunications system using conventional programming / configuration techniques. Transmitter 286 and receiver 282 may include signal processing and RF filters, amplifiers, and circuitry arranged conventionally. For ease of illustration, transmitter 286, receiver 282, and controller 280 are... Figure 3 The components are schematically shown as individual elements. However, it should be understood that the functionality of these components can be provided in a variety of different ways, for example, using one or more appropriately programmed programmable computers, or one or more appropriately configured application-specific integrated circuits / circuits / chips / chipsets. It should be understood that infrastructure equipment 272 will typically include a variety of other components associated with its operational functions.

[0078] Accordingly, the controller 290 of UE 270 is configured to control transmitter 296 and receiver 292, and may include processor circuitry, which in turn may include various sub-units / sub-circuits for providing the functions further explained herein. These sub-units may be implemented as appropriately configured discrete hardware elements or processor circuitry. Therefore, controller 290 may include circuitry appropriately configured / programmed to provide the desired functions for devices in a wireless telecommunications system using conventional programming / configuration techniques. Similarly, transmitter 296 and receiver 292 may include signal processing and RF filters, amplifiers, and circuitry arranged conventionally. For ease of illustration, transmitter 296, receiver 292, and controller 290 are... Figure 3 These are schematically shown as individual components. However, it should be understood that the functionality of these components can be provided in various different ways, for example, using one or more appropriately programmed programmable computers, or one or more appropriately configured application-specific integrated circuits / circuits / chips / chipsets. It should be understood that the communication device 270 will typically include various other components associated with its operational functions, such as power supplies, user interfaces, etc., but for simplicity, these are not shown in the diagram. Figure 3 As shown in the image.

[0079] Controllers 280 and 290 can be configured to execute instructions stored on a computer-readable medium, such as non-volatile memory. The processing steps described herein can be executed, for example, by a microprocessor in conjunction with random access memory, operating according to instructions stored on the computer-readable medium.

[0080] 5G, URLLC and Industrial IoT

[0081] Systems employing NR technology are expected to support different services (or service types) characterized by varying requirements for latency, data rate, and / or reliability. For example, two specific types of services are defined as desired NR functionalities:

[0082] Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)

[0083] Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communication (URLLC)

[0084] Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) services are characterized by high capacity, requiring support up to 20Gb / s. To efficiently transmit large amounts of data at high throughput, eMBB may use time-slot-based transmission to minimize overhead. Figure 4 The diagram shows an example eMBB frame structure in the downlink, with a transmission period T. eMBB Among them, the control channel uses fewer transmission resources than the data channel.

[0085] A key requirement of URLLC is low latency, measured from the ingress of a Layer 2 packet to its egress from the network, with a suggested target of 1 ms. URLLC data is expected to be short, thus requiring shorter scheduling times, where control and data transmission have shorter durations. As a result, the frame duration used in URLLC transmissions is shorter than that of eMBB frames. For example, while a typical eMBB frame duration is 1 ms, the URLLC frame structure can use a much shorter transmission period T. URLLC (For example, 0.25ms). Figure 5 An example frame structure for URLLC transmission is shown. As a result, the control and data channels occupy a smaller time period (i.e., the transmission period T of URLLC is shorter). URLLC Compared to the transmission period T of eMBB eMBB (Small). Although the relative overhead is expected to increase with URLLC transmission, URLLC transmission is also associated with shorter latency performance (i.e., better performance and less latency) compared to eMBB transmission.

[0086] The expected goals for URLLC services also include 1-10 times the throughput of a single transmission of a 32-byte packet with a 1ms user plane latency. -5 (99.999%) or higher reliability [3]. In some scenarios, 1-10 ms with a user plane delay of 0.5ms or 1ms may be required. -6 (99.9999%) or higher reliability. Therefore, high-reliability communication is associated with a very low block error rate (BLER), for example, 10... -5 The BLER target. The typical BLER target for conventional or non-high-reliability communications is approximately 10. -1 (10%).

[0087] Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) is another example of a service that can be supported by NR-based communication networks.

[0088] In addition, the system may be expected to support further enhancements related to the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) to support services with new requirements such as high availability, high reliability, low latency, and in some cases, high-precision positioning.

[0089] Industrial automation, power distribution, and intelligent transportation systems are emerging use cases for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). In one example of industrial automation, a system might involve different distributed components working together. These components could include sensors, virtualized hardware controllers, and autonomous robots capable of initiating actions or responding to critical events occurring within a factory, and communicating via a local area network. This use case is sometimes referred to as Industry 4.0.

[0090] To achieve the BLER objective, the wireless communication between the mobile station and the communication node will be monitored, so that the wireless communication can be configured to achieve the BLER objective.

[0091] In many communication systems (e.g., HSPA, LTE, NR), the UE sends channel quality information to the base station (e.g., BTS, NodeB, eNB, gNB, etc.) to allow the base station to track fast fading and apply appropriate modulation and coding schemes in the downlink.

[0092] Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) can be signaled from the UE to the base station as the preferred modulation and coding scheme (MCS). If the base station applies the MCS, the preferred MCS signaled typically involves the MCS expected to result in a target block error rate (BLER). The CQI is usually determined by the UE based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SINR) observed at the UE. The UE typically implements a lookup table that maps the measured SNR or SINR to the reported CQI.

[0093] It is worth noting that the error rate (e.g., BLER) target can be set to any appropriate proportion, for example, based on any one or any combination of the following: per UE, per cell, per base station, per service type, per network, based on timing configuration, etc. In the current system, UEs will frequently receive different CQI tables corresponding to different BLER targets. Therefore, the CQI table that a UE will use will depend on its currently used BLER target. It should be understood that the CQI table arrangement is based on the current system, but terminals and / or base stations can use other techniques to attempt to achieve and maintain the BLER target.

[0094] It should also be noted that in the current system, CQI only involves the downlink. This is at least partly because in the current system, the gNB will configure many (if not most) downlink and uplink communication parameters, and because the gNB can measure and obtain uplink channel quality information by receiving uplink transmissions itself. However, it is conceivable that in other arrangements, at least some quality information can be reported from the network (e.g., base station, gNB) to the terminal.

[0095] UE implementations for CQI are often complex, and it is difficult to create an implementation that can accurately determine the optimal MCS to achieve 10% BLER on many different channel models.

[0096] Furthermore, the CQI specification currently addresses the MCS required to achieve a 10% BLER. However, base stations may wish to operate under different BLER targets. For example, for URLLC use cases, base stations may want to operate under a BLER target of 0.1% or lower.

[0097] Therefore, there may be situations where the gNB cannot rely on CQI reports from the UE to select the MCS for downlink transmission. For example, in the two example cases discussed above (imperfect or suboptimal UE implementation and BLER target configured in the gNB, which differs from the BLER target assumed by the UE when reporting CQI).

[0098] CQI Outer Ring

[0099] Based on the above discussion, it is clear that there are many situations in which the base station does not necessarily rely too much on the CQI report from the UE to select the MCS for downlink transmission.

[0100] In an attempt to address the aforementioned shortcomings, base stations typically implement a "CQI outer loop." The CQI outer loop is a control loop or feedback loop that controls the MCS applied to downlink transmission based on reported CQI and ACK / NACK feedback from the UE (or Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request System "HARQ" feedback).

[0101] Figure 6 An example of a CQI outer loop implemented in the base station and UE is shown. The actual implementation of the CQI outer loop functionality is not currently specified in the standards documentation. In other words, this functionality is implementation-dependent and may vary from base station to base station. Therefore, if provided, Figure 6 This is just one possible implementation of the CQI outer loop.

[0102] Figure 6 The functional descriptions of the components within the CQI outer ring are as follows:

[0103] - Conversion to SNR: The base station receives CQI reports from the UE (this can be considered an indication of the MCS required by the UE to achieve a 10% BLER). The base station can convert the CQI reports into the corresponding SNR. This conversion can be achieved using a lookup table (CQI value to SNR).

[0104] It is worth noting that, depending on the configuration from the base station, the UE can send periodic and / or non-periodic CQI reports.

[0105] - Correction (in) Figure 6 (Displayed as circles with intersecting lines inside): The SNR value is corrected using the correction factor CF to produce a corrected SNR. An example correction function will produce the corrected SNR as shown below:

[0106] SNR corrected =SNR in X CF

[0107] - Select MCS: Based on SNR corrected Select the MCS for PDSCH transmission. For example, the MCS can be selected based on SNR using a lookup table.

[0108] - Transmit PDSCH: The base station uses the MCS determined in the previous step to transmit the PDSCH.

[0109] - PDSCH Receive Feedback: The UE receives the PDSCH and sends an ACK or NACK to the base station, for example, via the PUCCH. An ACK indicates successful transmission of the PDSCH, while a NACK indicates unsuccessful transmission.

[0110] - Update correction coefficients: The base station updates the correction coefficients based on the ACK or NACK status of previous downlink transmissions. For example:

[0111] ο Received NACK: If PDSCH has been NACKed, this indicates that the selected MCS was overly optimistic. SNR corrected It should be lower, resulting in a lower MCS for the application. Therefore, the correction factor can be reduced.

[0112] ο ACK received: If PDSCH has been ACKed, it indicates that the selected MCS is overly pessimistic. SNR corrected It should be higher, resulting in a higher MCS for the application. Therefore, the correction factor can be increased.

[0113] From one perspective, the CQI outer loop can be viewed as an attempt to control the correction coefficient (and thus the applied MCS) in order to operate with the expected BLER in consideration of varying SNR conditions.

[0114] One method of changing the correction factor CF includes using the step size parameter CF. step Based on the ACK / NACK status reported by the UE and parameter n, the following updates are applied to the correction coefficients:

[0115] -NACK: CF new =CF old -CF step

[0116] -ACK: CF new =CF old +CF step / (n-1)

[0117] In a stable environment, these updates are expected to achieve BLER = 1 / n.

[0118] Figure 7 The example shown illustrates how the correction factor "CF" in the CQI outer loop changes over time using the example algorithm described above. This illustrative example is for a 10% BLER target (making n = 10 in the algorithm above). As can be observed in this example, negative confirmation can have a significant impact, which is much larger proportionally than positive confirmation in terms of overall correction factor and transmission parameter control.

[0119] In the current system, the gNodeB typically makes any MCS scheduling decisions by considering received Channel State Information (CSI) reports and / or CQI reports, as well as the measured BLER. From one perspective, the measured BLER can be considered as the ratio of the total number of received NACKs to the total number of scheduled transmissions.

[0120] If the measured BLER is worse (higher) than the target BLER (also known as the BLER target), the gNodeB makes a more pessimistic scheduling decision than the reported CQI. That is, the gNodeB may assume that the channel conditions are worse than indicated by the reported CQI (this is sometimes described as the reported CQI "back off"). On the other hand, if the measured BLER is better (lower) than the target BLER, the gNodeB makes a more optimistic scheduling decision than the reported CQI. For example, the gNodeB may assume that the channel quality is likely better than reported or indicated in the reported CQI. This functionality is typically implemented using a CQI outer loop.

[0121] As those skilled in the art will understand, Figure 6 and 7 The above discussion is an illustrative example that helps to understand some background of this disclosure and the challenges faced when configuring transmissions or communications in mobile telecommunications networks.

[0122] For certain types of operations, such as URLLC requiring high reliability or low BLER targets, the current CQI outer loop functionality may not be effective under low BLER targets. This is partly because low BLER targets require more time to measure accurately and are generally more difficult to measure.

[0123] For example, if the BLER target is 10 -5 Furthermore, we adopt a configuration where at least 10 NACKs are waited before a statistically reasonable estimate of the BLER can be made, and 10 NACKs must be transmitted by the gNodeB before the BLER can be measured to achieve the expected accuracy. 6 Each packet. For example, if a packet is transmitted every 1ms, 1000 seconds (approximately 17 minutes) will pass before an accurate BLER is measured. In other words, the system may have to wait 17 minutes to determine whether the BLER target is met and whether the MCS (or other transport configuration) can be changed. If it is changed, the same calculations will be applied to the new configuration. This is unlikely to be satisfactory, and even less so if the communication is low-latency and highly reliable.

[0124] Therefore, providing a configuration that satisfies both the low BLER target and addresses the aforementioned limitations regarding effective transmission configuration is challenging.

[0125] Based on the teachings of this disclosure, techniques for configuring transmissions are provided, and these techniques are expected to improve the ability to meet low or very low BLER targets.

[0126] Figure 8An example method for configuring transmission in a mobile network based on a target error rate is illustrated. In step S801, during the initialization phase, a first mobile node and a second mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network communicate according to a first error rate and a first communication configuration. The first error rate is greater than the target error rate; that is, compared to communication based on the target error rate, the two mobile nodes are configured to communicate with more errors and lower reliability.

[0127] Then, in step S802, the transmission quality associated with the transmission during the initialization phase is measured, and in S803, based on the transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration measured in S802, a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate is determined. In S804, during the stabilization phase, the first mobile node and the second mobile node can communicate according to the target error rate and the second communication configuration selected in S803.

[0128] Therefore, by configuring the system to operate at a higher error rate than desired, and by intentionally and temporarily configuring communications below the desired quality level, information can be obtained that helps determine one or more communication or transmission configurations and / or parameters that are expected to enable the first mobile node and the second node to reach the target BLER in their communications. A more "optimistic" configuration is used in the initial phase, which can be used by the system to gather information about how optimistic the configuration is. In a more stable phase, a more pessimistic configuration can be used, which is expected to be closer to the optimal configuration for achieving the BLER target. Although the configuration determined in S803 can be further updated later, and although it may be insufficient to achieve the target error rate (or conversely achieve an error rate below or far below the target error rate), it is expected to accelerate convergence to the target error rate compared to other systems.

[0129] It is also worth noting that the system can operate using one or more intermediate stages, wherein transmission is based on another communication configuration and another error rate configuration, which is less than the first error rate (and optionally less than the previous error rate of another previous intermediate stage) and greater than the target error rate (and optionally greater than the later error rate of another intermediate stage).

[0130] Different techniques can be applied during the initialization phase, and / or reports can be used to determine measurements for the second configuration.

[0131] For consistency, many examples in this article will use 10. -5 Example BLER target. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the same teachings apply equally to targets that can be greater than or less than 10. -5 Other BLER targets.

[0132] Example 1: Systems based on retransmission or repeated operations

[0133] In some examples disclosed herein, the system is configured to implement 10 -5 The BLER target is set (e.g., achieved after retransmission, such as HARQ retransmission, if HARQ is used). However, the system can set a different initial BLER target, which is higher than the BLER target. Therefore, if the initial BLER target is quite high (e.g., BLER = 10% = 10...), it is more likely to cause problems. -1 If the system can target or achieve the initial BLER target, it can also target or achieve a lower actual BLER target after retransmissions or multiple transmissions. For example, if the connection is configured with low latency parameters (e.g., a 1ms requirement), it can accommodate multiple transmissions or retransmissions while meeting the 1ms requirement.

[0134] Compared to continuous operation with a low BLER target, operating with a higher initial BLER target and a lower BLER target at later stages, such as after retransmission, helps the gNodeB (1) control system operation to achieve the BLER target runpoint and / or (2) achieve a low final BLER target. By targeting or achieving the BLER target runpoint (which can be defined as the point where BLER can be achieved while reducing the number of physical bits, e.g., when selecting an MCS in a 5G / NR system), the system can utilize resources more optimally. For example, the system may not over-allocate physical resources in an attempt to achieve URLLC KPIs (e.g., by adopting a strategy of allocating fewer physical resources later once the BLER target runpoint is found), which might be necessary, for example, when operating in open-loop mode.

[0135] In this example, the initial phase corresponds to communication prior to one or more retransmissions, and includes one or more retransmissions (e.g., any number of N retransmissions, where N ≤ 10). The system can measure how successful the transmissions were in the initial phase, for example, by measuring how many successful transmissions were sent before a single transmission failure or before N transmission failures. This can give an indication of how optimistic the initial communication configuration is, for example, by measuring how quickly transmission errors are detected.

[0136] Although the system will not initially operate under the low BLER target as expected, it is anticipated to converge to the target operating point of the BLER target more quickly.

[0137] Example 1-A: gNB uses small sub-slots during the initialization phase

[0138] In this example, the gNB operates the link in two different ways:

[0139] • Initial Phase: Initial BLER target = 10% = 10 -1The gNodeB anticipates a significant number of retransmissions (e.g., if the initial BLER target is 10%, the gNodeB expects 10% of the initial transmissions to result in retransmissions). The gNodeB can quickly converge to operate with a 10% BLER target.

[0140] • Stable or steady-state phase: Stable BLER target = 10 -5 The gNodeB attempts to achieve high reliability, or URLLC, through a single transmission (without retransmission). The gNB takes longer to converge to operate with this lower BLER objective.

[0141] In this example, the gNB configures the system to operate with a smaller subslot length in the initial phase. Therefore, by operating with a smaller subslot length, the system can schedule retransmissions earlier, allowing it to operate with a higher initial transmission target BLER, which is expected to lead to faster convergence. It is also anticipated that this will simultaneously allow the URLLC BLER target to be achieved in many cases, for example, after one or more retransmissions or repetitions.

[0142] By using smaller subslot sizes, more transmissions can be performed per unit of time, resulting in more ACK / NACK feedback. Consequently, this means the initialization phase can be shorter. More importantly, in situations where a low BLER target is associated with low latency requirements (e.g., in URLLC), a smaller subslot size can also mean that the system can operate with high BLER for initial transmissions and still meet the URLLC BLER target after one or more retransmissions performed within low latency tolerance.

[0143] The system can increase the sub-slot length during the steady-state phase. Therefore, operating with longer sub-slot lengths requires less control signaling, and communication is more efficient. Furthermore, the UE does not need to perform as many Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) decodings, and the speed of this decoding is less critical. For example, if the UE decodes fewer PDCCHs, and can decode them more slowly, UE power consumption can be reduced.

[0144] In some cases, the transition from the initial or initialization phase to the steady-state phase can be triggered or implemented based on events or conditions. For example, the steady-state phase can begin or start when one or any combination of the following conditions or events occurs:

[0145] - Achieve the target error rate (for example, using the example above, if 10 errors have already been sent). 6 Of the 10 or fewer transport blocks, 10 or fewer were not successfully received or resulted in a negative acknowledgment (NACK).

[0146] - Once the transmission of the first transport block has been completed, or similarly, once the transmission of a predetermined number of transport blocks has been completed (where retransmission and / or duplication can be used when transmitting the first transport block or the predetermined number of transport blocks),

[0147] - A number of cycles that reach a threshold within the transport configuration loop (e.g., CQI loop or others).

[0148] - Received a large number of negative confirmations, or

[0149] - The parameters in the transmission configuration loop reach the maximum and / or minimum threshold, where the maximum and / or minimum values ​​can be absolute or relative values ​​defined relative to another reference value (e.g., in the CQI loop example above, if the CF parameter deviates from the average or predetermined value by no more than a predetermined amount).

[0150] The sub-slot length can be reduced using one of several different methods:

[0151] • Use a higher subcarrier spacing (SCS), such as 30 kHz, 60 kHz, or 120 kHz, instead of the 15 kHz that might be used. A higher SCS can have a shorter OFDM symbol duration, which means that 14-OFDM symbol slots can be transmitted and / or scheduled in a shorter time compared to a lower SCS.

[0152] • Fewer OFDM symbols are used per sub-slot. By changing the number of OFDM symbols in a sub-slot to 2 or 7 OFDM symbols, the duration of the sub-slot can be reduced by a factor of 7 or 2, respectively.

[0153] From one perspective, Example 1-A above relies on a technique in which the physical resources to be applied to the downlink (e.g., the Physical Downlink Shared Channel PDSCH) will differ between the initial operation phase and the later steady-state operation phase.

[0154] Therefore, convergence can be achieved more quickly, and the system has more information and control available when trying to determine which configuration to use when targeting a low BLER target.

[0155] Example 1-B: UE changes CQI report format or CQI measurement resources

[0156] Example 1-A involves changing the sub-slot size (e.g., by changing the number of OFDM symbols or the SCS configuration). Other changes between the initial and steady-state phases may include changing the type of physical resources applied between the initial and steady-state phases.

[0157] For example, in the initial phase, short-duration sub-slots can be used as discussed with respect to Example 1-A. To provide additional physical resources within a short duration, the gNodeB can schedule a large number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) in the frequency domain. In the steady-state phase, transmissions can be longer (e.g., when it is intended to receive via a single transmission rather than via retransmission in 99.999% of cases).

[0158] Therefore, compared to transmissions during the steady-state phase, transmissions during the initial operation phase may have more frequency diversity and less time diversity.

[0159] In this example, the CQI measurement resource changes between two (or more) operational phases. The UE can change the resource used to measure CQI or the CQI reference resource, where the CQI reference resource corresponds to the hypothetical resource involved in the CQI. Then, if the gNB wants to schedule the UE in the reference resource, the CQI effectively indicates to the UE which MCS to recommend.

[0160] During the initial operation phase, CQI reports may involve more PRBs than CQI reports during the steady-state operation phase. That is, the "reference resources" used by the UE for CQI estimation change according to the operation phase and increase during the initialization phase.

[0161] Example 1-C: The UE reports A-CSI after the first transmission.

[0162] Example 1 discusses an arrangement to achieve the URLLC BLER objective by operating in a retransmission-based mode, whereby the initial transmission has a higher efficiency than subsequent retransmissions (e.g., 10). -5 A higher BLER target (e.g., 10%).

[0163] It is also worth noting that when the gNB needs to schedule retransmissions, for low or very low error rate targets, such as when there is no time for further retransmissions within the delay budget (which is the case in many URLLC systems), sometimes the UE must correctly receive the retransmissions.

[0164] In one example, depending on the situation or implementation method, the UE can:

[0165] - After an initial transmission is not successfully received (e.g., negative), send an aperiodic channel state indication (A-CSI); or

[0166] - Use two types of A-CSI reports:

[0167] The first type (e.g., "normal") of A-CSI report used before the initial transmission or when the initial transmission is successful (e.g., when acknowledged).

[0168] ο A second type (e.g., "enhanced") of A-CSI reporting used when the initial transmission is unsuccessful (e.g., denial).

[0169] By providing more channel state information after an unsuccessful initial transmission (either by providing A-CSI according to the first option above or by providing enhanced A-CSI according to the second option above), the gNodeB is better able to make important decisions regarding the format applied to retransmissions. As mentioned above, in some cases, ensuring that the UE correctly receives the retransmission may be crucial for the gNB.

[0170] An exemplary enhanced A-CSI would be an A-CSI covering a large number of PRBs (e.g., providing CQI values ​​for multiple subsets of PRBs). This would allow the gNodeB to make better scheduling decisions about which physical resources to use for retransmissions. Enhanced A-CSI may use more uplink resources because it contains more information and is therefore only sent when a NACK is reported. In other words, aperiodic reporting in the initialization phase can involve a larger proportion of resources associated with the initial transmission compared to the proportion of resources involved in aperiodic reporting associated with stable transmissions in the stabilization phase.

[0171] Example 1-D: Report indicating the recommended number of retransmissions or repetitions

[0172] In this example, related to the system operating in retransmission or repeat mode, the CQI report from the UE indicates a recommendation from the UE regarding the number of retransmissions or repeats required for the UE to achieve a low (e.g., URLLC) BLER target.

[0173] Based on the CQI report, the gNodeB can then modify the sub-slot duration to allow for a greater number of retransmissions or repetitions within the latency period, for example, to suit the URLLC latency budget. Therefore, a low error rate can be met (or is expected to be met) while also meeting (or is expected to be met) other requirements, such as latency requirements.

[0174] In some examples, gNodeB can also change the number of PRBs allocated to each sub-slot in order to keep the amount of physical resources allocated constant for each slot.

[0175] The recommended number of retransmissions or repetitions can be based on the MCS of the reference target BLER; for example, CQI would indicate 10 based on a single transmission. -1 The target BLER's MCS, and also instructs to use the MCS to implement 10 -5The recommended number of retransmissions or repetitions for the target BLER. The reference target BLER can be predefined, for example, according to an agreed standard or configuration, configured via RRC signaling, and / or indicated in the downlink channel information (e.g., DCI) that schedules A-CSI.

[0176] In some cases, RRC signaling can be used to send reports, which contrasts with current systems that rely on physical layer CQI reporting.

[0177] Example 1-E: Report recommends single transmission or retransmission / repetition

[0178] In this example, the UE reports to the gNodeB (e.g., via RRC signaling) whether it recommends using a single transmission or attempting to achieve the BLER objective via retransmission. For example, if the UE considers the channel to be static, it can recommend using a single transmission, while if the channel is time-varying, it can recommend using a retransmission scheme (allowing retransmission if the initial transmission is fading).

[0179] From one perspective, Example 1-E corresponds to Example 1-D, where the number of duplicates or retransmissions can be reported as 0, and in some cases, no duplicates or retransmissions are recommended.

[0180] Example 2: gNB starts by using a shorter PUCCH format in the initial stage.

[0181] As in Example 1 above, this illustrative example will be based on 10 -1 Example initial target error rate and 10 -5 Example target error rate.

[0182] Therefore, as mentioned above, gNB operates the link in two different ways:

[0183] • Initial Phase: Initial BLER target = 10% = 10 -1 The gNodeB anticipates a significant number of retransmissions (e.g., if the initial BLER target is 10%, the gNodeB expects 10% of the initial transmissions to result in retransmissions). The gNodeB can quickly converge to the 10% BLER target.

[0184] • Stable or steady-state phase: Stable BLER target = 10 -5 gNodeB attempts to achieve high reliability, or URLLC, through a single transmission (without retransmission). When operating with this lower BLER target, gNB takes longer to converge.

[0185] In this example, the gNB configures the system to operate with a shorter physical uplink control channel “PUCCH” format during the initial phase and to increase the length of the PUCCH format during the steady-state phase.

[0186] When using a longer PUCCH format, more HARQ ACK / NACK bits can be multiplexed in the same PUCCH, thereby reducing signaling overhead, while a shorter PUCCH format can achieve faster ACK / NACK reporting.

[0187] Alternatively, the gNB can configure the system to operate with a short PUCCH multiplexing window during the initial phase and a longer multiplexing window during the steady-state phase. The PUCCH multiplexing window is the duration during which HARQ ACK / NACK feedback for PDSCH is multiplexed into a single PUCCH.

[0188] When using a shorter PUCCH format (e.g., size) or a shorter PUCCH multiplexing window, the time spent sending HARQACK / NACK feedback signaling can be reduced, allowing the system to schedule retransmissions more quickly. Using such a shorter PUCCH can be helpful in the initial stages when more retransmissions are expected.

[0189] Example 3: The UE sends more than one acknowledgment report related to the received transport block.

[0190] In this example, the UE can send more than one acknowledgment (e.g., ACK / NACK) report associated with a received transport block or a set of repeated received transport blocks. The first acknowledgment report may relate to a higher initial BLER target, while the second ACK / NACK report may relate to a lower (e.g., steady-state) BLER target. By operating in this dual or more general multimode approach in the initial phase, the gNodeB may be able to make more informed decisions about which communication parameters are expected to help meet the BLER target.

[0191] In one example, once the desired steady-state URLLC BLER target is reached (e.g., once the target error rate is reached), the UE can stop reporting multiple acknowledgment reports and can revert to transmitting fewer reports, e.g., transmitting a single report for each received transport block.

[0192] Further sub-examples are discussed below.

[0193] Example 3-A: Repetition

[0194] In this example, the gNB attempts to achieve the target URLLC BLER (e.g., BLER=10) by repeating transport blocks instead of using retransmissions. -5 The repetition of transport blocks can be scheduled by a single PDCCH (so that a single PDCCH schedules the first and second repetitions), which helps to meet some delay requirements.

[0195] The UE sends an acknowledgment (e.g., ACK / NACK) feedback for each repetition. Therefore, if a transport block is transmitted using two repetitions, the acknowledgment feedback will include a first acknowledgment related to the first repetition and a second acknowledgment related to the combined decoding of the first and second repetitions.

[0196] Based on the confirmation of the first repeat, the gNodeB can attempt to achieve a higher initial BLER target (e.g., since the gNB receives many NACKs, this may be helpful if the control CQI outer loop can operate fairly quickly), while achieving the URLLC BLER target when the second repeat is received.

[0197] gNodeB can also change the transmission parameters of the first and second repetitions to achieve the desired initial BLER target and a lower desired BLER target when using the second repetition.

[0198] In addition to sending acknowledgments (e.g., ACK / NACK) for individual PDSCH repeats, the UE also sends a general ACK / NACK, which is sent after a combined PDSCH repeat, as is the case in conventional systems. Therefore, the UE can be configured to send any appropriate acknowledgment based on any choice of one or more repeats for a given transmission.

[0199] In some examples, the UE may send an acknowledgment (e.g., ACK / NACK) for each cumulative duplicate. For example, if three duplicates are received (e.g., PDSCH duplicates), the UE first reports an ACK / NACK based on the first duplicate only, a second ACK / NACK based on the combination of the first and second duplicates, and a third ACK / NACK based on the combination of the first, second, and third ACK / NACKs.

[0200] It is worth noting that in some examples, the coding rates for the first and second repetitions can be different. For example, more physical resources can be allocated to the second repetition compared to the first repetition. The use of different coding rates allows the gNodeB to achieve a first BLER target for the first repetition and a second BLER target for the second repetition. The PDCCH can signal the coding rates for the first and second repetitions separately.

[0201] In some examples, the code rate for the first repetition can be signaled via a downlink control channel (e.g., PDCCH), and a scaling factor can be signaled by RRC, where the scaling factor can be used to derive or determine the code rate for the second repetition. Note that the CQI outer loop for the second repetition may operate slower than that for the first repetition (due to the low rate of NACK feedback), therefore the scaling factor for determining the code rate for the second repetition can be updated at a slower rate associated with RRC signaling.

[0202] In some cases, the gNodeB can initially operate in a mode where the initial repetition is designed to achieve a higher BLER target (e.g., BLER = 10%), and the second repetition is encoded with an MCS with redundancy expected to be sufficient to achieve the URLLC BLER target (e.g., the second repetition uses the maximum possible redundancy). This helps ensure that the URLLC reliability target is met and controls the initial BLER. If the CQI outer loop receives several NACKs that enable it to achieve a low target BLER, the gNB can transition to a steady-state operating mode, where the gNodeB can select the appropriate MCS based on the determination of the appropriate MCS by the CQI outer loop.

[0203] In some examples, the gNodeB initially uses repetition and then switches to a scheduled retransmission mode. Initially, the gNodeB may not be certain of the BLER its initial transmission will achieve, so it automatically sends at least one repetition. Once the gNodeB has gathered more information and knows the BLER its initial transmission can achieve (or can be expected to achieve), it can switch to a more resource-efficient mode that eliminates the need for repetition. Then, retransmission, as provided in many mobile networks, can be used.

[0204] Example 3-B: ACK / NACK on a transport block decoded using partial physical resources

[0205] In some examples, the UE sends ACK / NACK information based on decoding the transport block using a portion of the allocated physical resources.

[0206] In current mobile networks, transport blocks are typically encoded to provide a set of system bits and parity bits. These encoded bits are then mapped to physical resources. In the example of a 14-OFDM symbol slot, the encoded bits are mapped to 14 OFDM symbols.

[0207] The UE can then attempt to decode the transport block using fewer OFDM symbols than all OFDM symbols in the time slot. For example, if the time slot consists of 14 OFDM symbols and the transport block is encoded at 1 / 3 of the code rate, the UE can try to decode the transport block using the first 7 OFDM symbols. In this case, the code rate at which the UE decodes based on these 7 OFDM symbols will be 2 / 3.

[0208] Therefore, in this example, the UE can use only some of the original OFDM symbols or physical bits of the transmission to send ACK / NACK signaling indicating the ACK / NACK status associated with the decoded transmission. In most systems, more physical bits, including system bits and parity bits, are sent when transmitting a transport block. Using more parity bits can increase the reliability of the transmission, but this usually comes at the cost of effective throughput: for the same data rate at the physical layer, the data rate at the transport layer will decrease when more parity bits are used, or the physical data rate may have to be increased if the number of parity bits is to be increased while maintaining the data rate at the transport layer. As an illustrative example, in the case of transmitting 1000 transmit bits, 3000 physical bits can actually be sent at the physical layer. It is generally expected that all received bits will be decoded, for example, 3000 bits (assuming all physical bits have been received). According to the example techniques of this disclosure, the terminal can attempt to decode the transmission using fewer than all received physical bits, for example, 2000 physical bits or 1500 physical bits in this example.

[0209] For example, transport blocks can be decoded for (1) the physical resources consisting of the first 7 OFDM symbols and (2) the entire physical resources consisting of all 14 OFDM symbols. The gNB can then use the information associated with the two decoding attempts to try to derive the communication parameters for achieving the target BLER.

[0210] In some examples, the gNB can operate its CQI outer loop functionality on two ACK / NACK messages: ACK / NACK associated with a transmission decoded using partial resources can be used to provide fast convergence of the CQI outer loop, while ACK / NACK associated with a transmission decoded using all physical resources can be used to achieve the final URLLC BLER goal.

[0211] While the examples above discussed two decoding attempts, one partial decoding attempt, and one full decoding attempt, it should be understood that more than two attempts can be performed, such as two partial attempts (for two different partial sets of physical bits) and one full attempt. It is also conceivable that decoding attempts could be based solely on partial decoding attempts, rather than full decoding attempts. For example, if at least one partial decoding attempt succeeds, the terminal may not need to attempt full decoding (it can report full decoding success, but should also report whether decoding was successful).

[0212] In some cases, the gNodeB can control how the UE reports the ACK / NACK status of portions of a transport block. For example, the gNodeB can signal to the UE the coding rates (CR1 and CR2) for reporting ACK / NACK. The gNodeB can, for example, instruct the UE to send ACK / NACK status for:

[0213] • Bitrate 1 / 2 and bitrate 1 / 3; or

[0214] • Bitrate 1 / 2 and the bitrate actually used for transmission itself (local bitrate); or

[0215] Local bitrate CR native And the local code rate scaled by the scaling factor SF. For example, if the transmitted local code rate is 1 / 3 and the scaling factor is 2, the UE will report a code rate of 1 / 3 and a code rate of 2 / 3 (=SF x CR). native The ACK / NACK status of ).

[0216] In this case, the UE can:

[0217] • The entire set of physical bits (total N) related to wireless reception and PDSCH transmission Phy (bit).

[0218] • The transport block size (TBS) of the received transmission, for example, based on DCI signaling in the PDCCH.

[0219] • Receive (e.g., via RRC signaling) scaling factor SF.

[0220] · Determine CR native =TBS / N phy

[0221] • Determine CR1 = CR native And CR2 = SF x CR native

[0222] Assembly N Phy Bits and attempt to decode the transport block (this is based on the bitrate CR) native =CR1), create ACK / NACK result AN1.

[0223] Assemble a set of TBS / CR2 bits (e.g., the first TBS / CR2 physical bits received) and attempt to decode the transport block based on that number of physical bits. This decoding operation results in the ACK / NACK state AN2.

[0224] • UE reports (e.g., in physical uplink control channels such as PUCCH) AN1 and AN2.

[0225] gNodeB uses AN2 to drive the fast-running (high-speed NACK) CQI outer loop, allowing for fast convergence, and uses AN1 to drive the CQI outer loop, controlling the BLER associated with the final high-reliability goal (e.g., URLLC goal).

[0226] It is understandable that by having two distinct phases, where different ACK / NACK reports are used in the initial phase, the base station can gather additional information, which will help meet the target error rate, while using a higher error rate than the actual target will help to achieve faster convergence, especially (but not only) in the case of implementing a CQI outer loop arrangement in the base station.

[0227] Example 4: New types of reports supporting CQI operations under low BLER targets

[0228] The following examples involve the UE sending one or more new types of reports to support CQI operation under low BLER, which is particularly useful for helping to quickly converge to a low target error rate.

[0229] For example, these reports can help gNodeB achieve URLLC BLER target KPIs with a single transmission, while simultaneously operating a CQI outer loop that operates under a higher BLER target.

[0230] Now we are considering two other scenarios. That is:

[0231] -Example 4-A Considering new types of CQI reports;

[0232] Example 4-B involves sending information to help the gNodeB interpolate the MCS applied to different BLER targets, thereby identifying the MCS (or other communication configuration) to be applied in an attempt to achieve the actual BLER target.

[0233] Example 4-A: The UE determines the preferred code rate based on receiving transport blocks at multiple different coding rates.

[0234] In this example, the UE can decode the received transport blocks at multiple different code rates to determine the BLER associated with these different code rates. Then, the UE can:

[0235] Example 4-Ai: Reporting BLER at different code rates. The code rate that the UE should report can be signaled to the UE by the gNodeB (e.g., via RRC signaling). In this case, the UE will expect the gNB to perform estimation or interpolation.

[0236] Example 4-A-ii: Send a report to gNodeB indicating the bitrate required to achieve the URLLC BLER target (e.g., 10). -5 In this case, the UE will perform an estimation or interpolation and report it to the gNB.

[0237] The UE can decode a transport block at different code rates by puncturing (i.e., ignoring) different numbers of received physical bits during decoding. Punctuating, or selecting some but not all of the received physical bits, allows the UE to simulate decoding at different coding rates.

[0238] For example, if the UE is scheduled to receive a transport block containing 1000 transmit bits and receives 3000 physical bits, Table 1 describes example ways the UE can decode at different bit rates.

[0239] Bitrate TBS <![CDATA[N phy ]]> method 1 / 3 1000 3000 All received physical bits are used in the decoding process. 1 / 2 1000 2000 The first 2000 received physical bits are used in the decoding process. 2 / 3 1000 1500 The first 1500 received physical bits are used in the decoding process.

[0240] Table 1

[0241] Then, the UE can analyze the number of NACKs for each decoding bitrate, from which the BLER for each decoding bitrate can be derived. Figure 9 An example estimation of the modulation and coding scheme for the target error rate is shown. Based on the error rate of different transmission configurations, the UE (or gNB in ​​another example) can derive the expected transmission configuration when attempting to achieve the target error rate.

[0242] Figure 9 The diagram shows three BLER (crossover) measurements taken at decoding bitrates of 0.33, 0.5, and 0.67. Figure 9 As shown by the dashed line, the UE (or eNB, depending on the example) can then extrapolate the BLER based on the bitrate curve. In this example, a bitrate of, for example, 0.25 might achieve 0.00001 (10^25) bitrate. -5 BLER. It is worth noting that extrapolation does not have to be linear extrapolation.

[0243] It is worth noting that in some cases, instead of defining a set of code rates that the UE should decode the transport block, the gNodeB can define the number of OFDM symbols that the UE should decode the transport block (for example, according to Example 3-B, when decoding the transport block using 8, 10, 12, and 14 OFDM symbols respectively, the UE can be signaled to indicate BLER).

[0244] In Example 4-A-ii, the UE can then report (e.g., via PUCCH) that a bitrate of 0.25 is required to achieve BLER=10. -5 The URLLC reliability target. This report can be in the form of quantified numbers (according to traditional CSI reports). The UE can use PUCCH messages to report the BLER for each code rate to the gNodeB.

[0245] As described above, in Example 4-A-ii, the UE can interpolate / extrapolate from the BLER at the decoded bitrate in order to determine the bitrate (and MCS) that will be suitable for meeting the URLLC reliability requirements.

[0246] Example 4-A-iii: gNodeB uses different MCS to send multiple transport blocks / code blocks

[0247] In this example, the gNodeB uses different MCSs (or more generally, different transport configurations) to transmit multiple transport blocks / code blocks. This is done to help the UE determine the BLER that will be implemented in different MCSs, or to provide more accurate reporting information.

[0248] The UE can then report the BLER for different MCSs (according to Example 4-Ai) or form an interpolation curve (according to Example 4-A-ii). The gNodeB can use the following method to transmit multiple transport blocks / code blocks in different MCSs:

[0249] The allocation for the UE includes a transport block containing higher-layer data at the first MCS (e.g., suitable for an initial higher BLER target) and a pseudo-transport block containing pseudo-data at different MCSs. The pseudo-transport block is only used to allow the UE to determine the BLER when applying different MCSs (e.g., via the interpolation method discussed above).

[0250] The allocation for the UE includes a transport block containing higher-layer data (e.g., suitable for a URLLC BLER target) at the first MCS, as well as additional identical transport blocks encoded at different MCSs. When different MCSs are applied (e.g., via the interpolation methods discussed above), additional transport blocks can be used to allow the UE to determine the BLER. Additional transport blocks can also be softly combined with transport blocks encoded at the first MCS as repetitions using different redundant versions. For example, if transport blocks are transmitted using two different modulation and coding schemes, MCS1 and MCS2, the terminal can decode using physical bits configured to be transmitted for MCS1, decode using physical bits configured to be transmitted for MCS2, and also decode using a combination of physical bits received for MCS1 and MCS2. This can be used, for example, to confirm the correct decoding of the transport block, or to obtain additional information about which modulation and coding scheme was used (in some cases, decoding using each of MCS1 and MCS2 may fail, but decoding using physical bits received for both MCS1 and MCS2 may succeed).

[0251] The allocation for the UE includes transport blocks, which consist of multiple code blocks, and different code blocks are encoded using different MCSs. For example, some code blocks can be used to carry eMBB traffic (BLER target of 10%), while other code blocks can be used to carry URLLC traffic (BLER target of 10%). -5 Similarly, different coded code blocks can be used to allow the UE to determine the BLER when different MCSs are applied (e.g., via the interpolation methods discussed above).

[0252] It is worth noting that a transport block can consist of multiple code blocks. Each code block can be channel-coded independently and may be appended with a CRC. For example, if a 10,000-bit transport block is encoded into two 5,000-bit code blocks, a CRC is appended to the first 5,000 bits, which are then LDPC-encoded into the first code block, and a different CRC is appended to the second 5,000 bits, which are then LDPC-encoded into the second code block. The physical bits from the two code blocks are concatenated (and possibly interleaved) to produce the physical bit set of the transport block.

[0253] Example 4-B: Interpolation parameters

[0254] In some cases, the UE (or gNB) can determine the interpolation parameters to allow for the MCS required to achieve a first higher BLER target (e.g., BLER target = 10%) and to achieve a second lower BLER target (e.g., BLER target = 10%). -5 The required interpolation between MCSs. Interpolation parameters may include, for example:

[0255] -BLER's slope relative to the MCS curve (e.g., in Figure 9 As shown in the diagram, for a fixed modulation level, the MCS is almost proportional to the bit rate.

[0256] -Parameters for higher-order interpolation between BLER and MCS (e.g., interpolation parameters can define the shape of the spline curve).

[0257] -Parameters for the piecewise linear relationship between BLER and MCS.

[0258] Since the interpolation parameters are not expected to change rapidly, these interpolation parameters can be signaled to the gNodeB by the UE using RRC signaling instead of CQI signaling (considering that RRC signaling is generally slower than RRC signaling).

[0259] The same teaching applies if gNodeB is performing interpolation for one UE (or for two or more UEs).

[0260] Example 4-Bi: gNodeB aggregates interpolation parameters from multiple UEs

[0261] In this example, gNodeB receives interpolation parameters from multiple UEs and can average these interpolation parameters.

[0262] For example, gNodeB can:

[0263] - Apply the average interpolation parameter to all UEs in the cell; and / or

[0264] - Use the average interpolation parameters for newly connected UEs to the cell; otherwise, use UE-specific interpolation parameters.

[0265] It should be noted that the average interpolation parameters can be applied to the UE, the entire cell, or a geographical area of ​​the cell. In some cases, for ease of implementation, it may be necessary to signal the UE's location, for example, by signaling location coordinates (e.g., GPS) along with the interpolation parameters.

[0266] When the long-term relationship between BLER and MCS depends on the channel characteristics of the cell, using a set of average interpolation parameters may be appropriate. For example, the first set of interpolation parameters may be suitable for cells deployed in urban scenarios, while the second set of interpolation parameters may be suitable for cells deployed in rural scenarios.

[0267] Example 4-B-ii: The UE signals previous interpolation parameters when connecting to the cell.

[0268] In this example, the UE can store interpolation parameters for one, some, or each cell it is connected to (see the discussion above). When the UE connects to a cell, those interpolation parameters are included in the connection establishment signaling. While the UE remains connected to the cell, the interpolation parameters can be updated over time, but without any additional information, these stored (historical) interpolation parameters can provide a relatively reliable first estimate of the appropriate interpolation parameters for the current situation.

[0269] Example 5: Modifying the A-CSI report based on a timer

[0270] In some examples, the method of changing the CQI table used in the A-CSI report can be used.

[0271] In traditional or current systems, there are three distinct CQI tables, each containing a different range of MCS. The CQI provides an estimate of the MCS required to achieve a specific BLER objective using a reference PDSCH. Two of the tables have an objective of 10. -1 BLER, where the target of one of the tables is 10 -5 BLER.

[0272] As mentioned above, in order to make the CQI outer loop function converge faster, it may be desirable for the CQI outer loop function to switch between the first higher target BLER and the second lower target BLER:

[0273] In one example, if UE in the past T BLER If ms sends a CQI report, then the UE sends A-CSI, where the CQI is based on a lower BLER target. Then, if it is greater than T... BLER If no CQI report is received within a certain time, the gNodeB will base its CQI outer loop on a higher BLER target (to quickly adapt to potential new channel conditions); otherwise, it will base its CQI outer loop function on a lower BLER target.

[0274] CQI can be made based on a specific BLER target (as described above) by using a CQI table suitable for that BLER target.

[0275] Note that in some more specific examples, the hysteresis parameter can be applied to switching operations between different BLER targets (e.g., if the UE is triggered to start operating with a higher BLER target, then the hysteresis parameter will be applied during time period T). BLER_hysteresis The gNodeB continues to use a higher BLER target for reporting, which ensures that it will receive enough CQI reports and ACK / NACKs to quickly converge its MCS selection function.

[0276] Example 6: Using different CSI granularities for A-CSI reports based on GC-DCI

[0277] In yet another example, the Group Common Downlink Channel Information (GC-DCI) indicates which CQI table the UE should base its A-CSI report on. In implementations, only two CQI tables can be indicated, for example, one based on 10... -1 The BLER target, another one based on 10 -5 The BLER target.

[0278] In another example, a CQI table with finer MCS granularity is introduced, and the GC-DCI instructs the UE to use such a table. The CQI is an index of a specific MCS based on the reference physical downlink shared channel “PDSCH” targeting a specific BLER. For example, Table 2 below is a CQI table where each CQI index represents a specific modulation and code rate that gives the efficiency. In this example, the GC-DCI can instruct the UE to report CQIs based on finer MCS granularity or efficiency granularity, thus focusing on a specific range of MCSs.

[0279] For example, if the UE's CQI is 8 based on Table 2, the network can ask the UE to "extend" that range, for example, by using the CQI based on Table 3, which is more focused around the range of 16QAM with a code rate of 490 / 1024 (the new, finer-grained entries are highlighted in gray in Table 3 below).

[0280] The following are various aspects of this example, excerpted from the previous paragraph:

[0281] The gNodeB operates using a first CQI table and instructs the UE to use a second CQI table based on the CQI report from that table (where multiple CQI tables can be selected).

[0282] There are two possible options:

[0283] For a given range of CQI tables, each of the multiple CQI tables has a finer MCS granularity. The "finer granularity" varies between different CQI tables: for example, one table might have a finer granularity centered on 16QAM with a code rate of 490 / 1024 (e.g., Table 3), while another CQI table might have a finer granularity centered on QPSK with a code rate of 308 / 1024; or...

[0284] The maximum and / or minimum values ​​of the MCS in different CQI tables can be different (e.g., although Table 2 spans the MCS range from QPSK rate 78 / 1024 to 64QAM rate 948 / 1024, different tables can span the MCS range from QPSK rate 78 / 1024 to 16QAM rate 490 / 1024, with finer granular step sizes between MCS); or

[0285] Different tables have structures that combine the above options (e.g., Table 3).

[0286]

[0287]

[0288] Table 2: CQI table in Table 5.2.2.1-2 of TS38.214[6]

[0289]

[0290] Table 3: CQI Tables with Finer Granularity Around 16QAM

[0291] In another example, if the UE in the past T MCS If a CQI report is sent using a coarser MCS granularity, the UE can send an A-CSI, where the CQI is based on a finer MCS granularity.

[0292] Therefore, using the teachings and techniques provided herein, communication can be configured to initially operate at a higher error rate than desired to obtain measurements (e.g., to provide an indication of performance) in the initial phase, and communication can be configured to operate at a lower error rate, wherein the configuration is based on the measurements taken in the initial phase.

[0293] It should be understood that while this disclosure focuses in some respects on implementations in 5G or NR networks, as such networks are expected to provide the primary use cases currently, the same teachings and principles can also be applied to other wireless telecommunications systems. Therefore, although the terminology used herein is generally the same as or similar to that of the 5G (or LTE) standard, the teachings are not limited to the current version of 5G (or LTE) but can be equally applied to any suitable arrangement not based on 5G / LTE, for example, any arrangement that may conform to any future version of LTE, 5G, or other standards defined by the 3GPP standardization groups or other groups.

[0294] It should be understood that the principles described herein are not only applicable to certain types of communication devices, but can be applied more generally to any type of communication device. For example, while these techniques are expected to be particularly useful for URLLC and / or IoT devices or other low-latency communication devices, those skilled in the art will understand that they can also be applied more generally to communication networks with respect to any type of communication device operating, for example, a wireless link, or to peer-to-peer transmissions (transmissions that terminate at another node in the wireless access network (e.g., a communication device or any other type of node in the network), or transmissions to or from the main network or core network and through a mesh network in the wireless access network).

[0295] It should also be understood that the principles described in this article apply not only to 5G / NR-based wireless telecommunications systems (although particularly relevant to them), but to any type of wireless telecommunications system.

[0296] It is also worth noting that the teachings on the use of 3GPP, LTE, and / or 5G / NR terminology presented herein can be applied equivalently to other systems. For example, references to ACK / NACK, CQI / CSI, or BLER can be understood more generally as references to positive / negative acknowledgments, indicators related to channel or link quality, or error rates.

[0297] Further specific and preferred aspects of the invention are set forth in the appended independent and dependent claims. It should be understood that features of the dependent claims may be combined with features of the independent claims in combinations other than those expressly set forth in the claims, provided that such combinations are technically reasonable and feasible.

[0298] Therefore, the foregoing discussion has only disclosed and described illustrative examples of this disclosure, and this disclosure is intended to illustrate rather than limit the scope of the invention. This disclosure (including any readily identifiable variations or equivalents of the teachings herein) partially defines the scope of the terms of the foregoing claims, such that no inventive subject matter is open to the public.

[0299] Furthermore, although the above examples have been described using examples of communication between a terminal and a base station, those skilled in the art will understand that communication can occur between a terminal and one or more of the following: a base station, a TRP, an RRH (Remote Radio Header), a mobile terminal (e.g., connected via a secondary link or PC5 interface), a relay station, any radio access network node, or more generally any other mobile node.

[0300] It is worth noting that, when referring to the element “pre-defined”, it should be understood that this may include, for example, configurable elements, wherein the configuration can be accomplished by any combination of manual configuration by a user or administrator or by transport communication from, for example, the network or from a service provider (e.g., device manufacturer, OS provider, etc.).

[0301] Furthermore, even when communication can be viewed from the perspective of the terminal and the base station or mobile node, in some cases, communication can also be sent through another network node, such as a relay station or next hop toward the (destination) network node.

[0302] The various features of this disclosure are defined by the following numbered items:

[0303] Item 1. A method for configuring transmission in a mobile telecommunications network based on a target error rate of transmission, said transmission occurring between a first mobile node and a second mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network, the method comprising:

[0304] During the initialization phase, the first mobile node and the second mobile node communicate according to a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate;

[0305] The initial transmission quality associated with the transmission during the measurement and initialization phase;

[0306] Based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration, a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate is determined; and

[0307] During the stable phase, the first mobile node and the second mobile node communicate according to the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0308] Item 2. The method according to Item 1, wherein the initialization phase terminates once N unsuccessful transmissions are detected in the communication between the first mobile node and the second mobile node, wherein N is equal to or greater than 1.

[0309] Item 3. The method according to Item 2, wherein the number N of unsuccessful transmissions is set based on a first error rate or a target error rate.

[0310] Item 4. The method according to any one of the preceding items further includes, during the initialization phase, the first mobile node and the second mobile node communicating according to an intermediate communication configuration associated with an intermediate error rate lower than the first error rate.

[0311] Item 5. The method according to any one of the preceding items, wherein the downlink transmission sub-time slot in the first communication configuration is shorter than the downlink transmission sub-time slot in the second communication configuration.

[0312] Item 6. The method according to any one of the preceding items, comprising measuring further transmission quality associated with transmission in a stable phase, wherein,

[0313] The initial transmission quality is correlated with the measurement of the first set of resource units.

[0314] The further transmission quality is correlated with measurements of the second set of resource units.

[0315] The first ratio of the number of resource units in the first group to the number of resource units transmitted during the initialization phase is greater than the second ratio of the number of resource units in the second group to the number of resource units transmitted during the stable phase.

[0316] Item 7. The method according to any one of the preceding items includes identifying an unsuccessful transmission from a second mobile node to a first mobile node, identifying whether the identified transmission occurred during an initialization phase, and if the identified transmission occurred during the initialization phase, the first mobile node transmits an aperiodic quality indication to the second mobile node.

[0317] Item 8. The method according to any one of the preceding items, comprising:

[0318] Identify unsuccessful transmissions from the second mobile node to the first mobile node;

[0319] If the identified transmission occurs during the initialization phase, the first mobile node transmits a first type of aperiodic quality indicator to the second mobile node.

[0320] If the identified transmission is during a stable phase, the first mobile node transmits a second type of aperiodic quality indicator to the second mobile node, the second type of aperiodic quality indicator being different from the first type of aperiodic quality indicator.

[0321] Item 9. The method according to any one of the preceding items further includes:

[0322] The first mobile node estimates the number of retransmissions or repetitions required to achieve the target error rate based on the measured initial transmission quality.

[0323] The first mobile node reports the estimated number of retransmissions or repetitions to the second mobile node; and

[0324] The second mobile node determines the second communication configuration based on the reported estimated number of retransmissions or repetitions.

[0325] Item 10. The method according to any one of the preceding items, wherein, in the first communication configuration, the allocation format or window for reporting whether the downlink transmission is successful is smaller than that in the second communication configuration.

[0326] Item 11. The method according to any one of the preceding items, wherein, in the initialization phase, the first mobile node uses a first number of acknowledgment messages to acknowledge each transmission from the second mobile node, and in the stabilization phase, the first mobile node uses a second number of acknowledgment messages to acknowledge each transmission from the second mobile node, the second number of acknowledgment messages being different from and less than the first number of acknowledgment messages.

[0327] Item 12. The method according to Item 11, wherein, during the initialization phase, the number of acknowledgment messages for confirming a given transmission from the second mobile node includes a first acknowledgment message corresponding to a first repetition of the given transmission and a second acknowledgment message corresponding to a combination of the first repetition and the second repetition of the given transmission.

[0328] Item 13. The method according to Item 11 or 12, wherein, during the initialization phase, the number of acknowledgment messages for confirming a given transmission from the second mobile node includes acknowledgment messages corresponding to a decoding attempt using a first coding rate and another acknowledgment message corresponding to another decoding attempt using a different coding rate than the first coding rate.

[0329] Item 14. The method according to Items 11, 12, or 13, wherein, during the initialization phase, the first mobile node is configured to use the following to measure the initial transmission quality associated with transmissions during the initialization phase:

[0330] A full decoding attempt is performed to decode the first transmission received from the second mobile node during the initialization phase using all symbols or physical bits of the first transmission; and

[0331] Partial decoding attempts are made to decode the first transmission using some, but not all, of the symbols or physical bits of the first transmission;

[0332] The method further includes transmitting a first confirmation message related to a complete decoding attempt and a second confirmation message related to a partial decoding attempt.

[0333] Item 15. The method according to any one of the preceding items, wherein the first communication configuration is associated with two or more repetitions of at least some transmissions, and wherein the second communication configuration is associated with deactivation of the repetitions of the transmissions.

[0334] Item 16. The method according to any one of the preceding items, wherein measuring the initial transmission quality includes the error rate detected by the first mobile node for each of a plurality of coding rates for at least one transmission.

[0335] Item 17. The method according to Item 16, wherein the error rate detected for each of a plurality of coding rates for the at least one transmission comprises: the first mobile node puncturing the at least one transmission to simulate receiving the at least one transmission at different coding rates.

[0336] Item 18. The method according to item 16 or 17, wherein the at least one transmission comprises two or more portions, wherein a first portion is encoded using a first coding rate, and wherein another portion is encoded using a different coding rate than the first coding rate, and

[0337] The first mobile node determines the error rate associated with the first part and the second error rate associated with the second part.

[0338] Item 19. The method according to any one of items 16 to 18, further comprising: the first mobile node:

[0339] The transmission indicates an error rate report for each detected error rate among multiple coding rates; and / or

[0340] Based on the target error rate and the detected error rate for each of the multiple coding rates, a recommended coding rate for achieving the target error rate is derived, and a recommendation report indicating the recommended coding rate is transmitted.

[0341] Item 20. The method according to any one of items 16 to 19, further comprising the first mobile node or the second mobile node determining one or more interpolation parameters based on transmission quality information from at least one mobile node, wherein the interpolation parameters are used to determine the configuration of the transmission parameters based on a desired error rate and a known error rate based on other configurations of the transmission parameters.

[0342] Item 21. The method according to Item 20, comprising:

[0343] At least one of the first mobile node and the second mobile node stores one or more interpolation parameters as determined; and

[0344] When a reconnection event is detected between the first mobile node and the second mobile node, the configuration of the transmission parameters is determined using the stored interpolation parameters based on the expected error rate for communication between the first mobile node and the second mobile node.

[0345] Item 22. The method according to item 20 or 21 further includes the first mobile node or the second mobile node transmitting one or more interpolation parameters respectively.

[0346] Item 23. The method according to any one of the preceding items further includes:

[0347] The report describes the transmission quality of measurements associated with the first communication configuration;

[0348] Further transmission quality is measured in relation to the transmission during the stable phase.

[0349] Wherein, the first communication configuration is associated with a first timing configuration for reporting the transmission quality of measurements, and the second communication configuration is associated with a second timing configuration for reporting further transmission quality of measurements; and

[0350] The first timing configuration indicates a reporting opportunity that is more frequent than the reporting opportunity indicated in the second timing configuration.

[0351] Item 24. The method according to Item 23, wherein,

[0352] The report of the measured transmission quality is based on the transmission quality relative to a first error rate, and

[0353] The report on further transmission quality of the measurement is based on transmission quality relative to the target error rate.

[0354] Item 25. The method according to item 23 or 24, wherein,

[0355] The report of the measured transmission quality is based on the transmission quality relative to the first error rate and the transmission quality relative to a second error rate different from the first error rate; and

[0356] The report on further transmission quality of the measurement is based on transmission quality relative to the target error rate.

[0357] Item 26. The method according to any one of the preceding items further includes:

[0358] The report describes the transmission quality of measurements associated with the first communication configuration;

[0359] The transmission quality measured in the report includes:

[0360] Based on the measured transmission quality, a first transmission quality report is transmitted;

[0361] Determine whether the scheduled timer has expired since the previous transmission quality report was transmitted; and

[0362] Based on the measured transmission quality, a further transmission quality report is transmitted, wherein,

[0363] If the timer scheduled since the transmission of the previous transmission quality report has expired, the further transmission quality report is based on the first error rate;

[0364] If the timer scheduled since the previous transmission quality report has not expired, the further transmission quality report is based on the target error rate.

[0365] Item 27. The method according to any one of the preceding items further includes the first mobile node reporting the transmission quality of the measurement associated with the first communication configuration in such a way as follows:

[0366] First, the transmission quality of the measurement associated with the first communication configuration is reported based on a first mapping table, wherein the first mapping table associates the transmission quality measurement with one or more reported values;

[0367] Based on the measured transmission quality, the transmission quality of the measurement is later reported based on a second correspondence table that associates the transmission quality measurement with one or more reported values, the second correspondence table being different from the first correspondence table.

[0368] Item 28. The method according to Item 27, comprising the second mobile node instructing the first mobile node to report the transmission quality of the measurement based on a second correspondence table, based on the transmission quality of the first reported measurement.

[0369] Item 29. The method according to Item 27 or 28, wherein,

[0370] Each of the first and second correspondence tables associates the modulation and coding scheme with the corresponding reported value;

[0371] The first mobile node reports the measured transmission quality, including selecting a modulation and coding scheme based on the expected error rate and reporting the value corresponding to the selected modulation scheme; and

[0372] The first and second correspondence tables are associated with the same expected error rate, and the second correspondence table provides a finer-grained modulation and coding scheme around the modulation and coding scheme first reported using the first correspondence table.

[0373] Item 30. The method according to any one of the preceding items, wherein the first communication configuration includes one or more of the following: sub-slot size; number of symbols in each sub-slot; number of resource blocks in the sub-slot; modulation and coding scheme; and allocation size of uplink control channel for reporting whether downlink transmission is successful.

[0374] Item 31. The method according to any one of the preceding items, wherein the second communication configuration includes one or more of the following: sub-slot size; number of symbols in each sub-slot; number of resource blocks in the sub-slot; modulation and coding scheme; and allocation size of uplink control channel for reporting whether downlink transmission is successful.

[0375] Item 32. The method according to any of the preceding items, wherein the first mobile node is one or more of a mobile terminal, a UE, a mobile station, and a relay station.

[0376] Item 33. The method according to any one of the preceding items, wherein the second mobile node is one or more of a base station, a relay station, a remote radio head, a mobile station, and a transmission / reception point.

[0377] Item 34. The method according to any one of the preceding items, wherein the target error rate is one or more of the following: less than or equal to 10 -2 Less than or equal to 10 -3 Less than or equal to 10 -4 Less than or equal to 10 -5 Less than or equal to 10 6 .

[0378] Item 35. A method for operating a first mobile node in a mobile telecommunications network and configuring transmission based on a target error rate of the transmission, said transmission occurring between a first mobile node and a second mobile node in the mobile telecommunications network, the method comprising the first mobile node:

[0379] During the initialization phase, communication is established with the second mobile node based on a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate;

[0380] The initial transmission quality associated with the transmission during the measurement and initialization phase;

[0381] Based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration, a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate is determined; and

[0382] During the stabilization phase, communication is established with the second mobile node based on the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0383] Item 36. The method according to 35 further includes, during the initialization phase, the first mobile node communicating with the second mobile node according to an intermediate communication configuration associated with an intermediate error rate lower than the first error rate.

[0384] Item 37. The method according to item 35 or 36, comprising the first mobile node measuring further transmission quality associated with transmission during the stabilization phase, wherein,

[0385] The initial transmission quality is correlated with the measurement of the first set of resource units.

[0386] The further transmission quality is correlated with measurements of the second set of resource units.

[0387] The first ratio of the number of resource units in the first group to the number of resource units transmitted during the initialization phase is greater than the second ratio of the number of resource units in the second group to the number of resource units transmitted during the stable phase.

[0388] Item 38. The method according to any one of items 35 to 37 further includes a first mobile node identifying an unsuccessful transmission from a second mobile node, and the first mobile node identifying whether the identified transmission occurred during an initialization phase, and if the identified transmission occurred during the initialization phase, the first mobile node transmitting an aperiodic quality indication to the second mobile node.

[0389] Item 39. The method according to any one of items 35 to 38, comprising:

[0390] The first mobile node identifies unsuccessful transmissions from the second mobile node to the first mobile node;

[0391] If the identified transmission occurs during the initialization phase, the first mobile node transmits a first type of aperiodic quality indicator to the second mobile node.

[0392] If the identified transmission is during a stable phase, the first mobile node transmits a second type of aperiodic quality indicator to the second mobile node, the second type of aperiodic quality indicator being different from the first type of aperiodic quality indicator.

[0393] Item 40. The method according to any one of items 35 to 39, further comprising:

[0394] The first mobile node estimates the number of retransmissions or repetitions required to achieve the target error rate based on the measured initial transmission quality; and

[0395] The first mobile node reports the estimated number of retransmissions or repetitions to the second mobile node.

[0396] Item 41. The method according to any one of items 35 to 40, wherein, in the initialization phase, the first mobile node uses a first number of acknowledgment messages to acknowledge each transmission from the second mobile node, and in the stabilization phase, the first mobile node uses a second number of acknowledgment messages to acknowledge each transmission from the second mobile node, the second number of acknowledgment messages being different from and less than the first number of acknowledgment messages.

[0397] Item 42. The method according to any one of items 35 to 41, wherein the first mobile node measuring the initial transmission quality includes the error rate detected by the first mobile node for each of a plurality of coding rates for at least one transmission.

[0398] Item 43. The method according to item 42 further includes the first mobile node determining one or more interpolation parameters based on transmission quality information from a plurality of mobile nodes, wherein the interpolation parameters are used to determine the configuration of the transmission parameters based on an expected error rate of a known error rate from other configurations of the transmission parameters.

[0399] Item 44. The method according to item 42 or 43 further includes a first mobile node:

[0400] Store one or more defined interpolation parameters; and

[0401] When a reconnection event is detected between the mobile node and the second mobile node, the configuration of the transmission parameters is determined using the stored interpolation parameters based on the expected error rate for communication between the first mobile node and the functional node.

[0402] Item 45. The method according to any one of items 35 to 44 further includes a first mobile node:

[0403] The report describes the transmission quality of measurements associated with the first communication configuration;

[0404] Further transmission quality is measured in relation to the transmission during the stable phase.

[0405] Wherein, the first communication configuration is associated with a first timing configuration for reporting the transmission quality of measurements, and the second communication configuration is associated with a second timing configuration for reporting further transmission quality of measurements; and

[0406] The first timing configuration indicates a reporting opportunity that is more frequent than the reporting opportunity indicated in the second timing configuration.

[0407] Item 46. The method according to any one of items 35 to 45, further comprising: reporting the transmission quality of measurements associated with the first communication configuration;

[0408] The transmission quality measured in the report includes:

[0409] Based on the measured transmission quality, a first transmission quality report is transmitted;

[0410] Determine whether the scheduled timer has expired since the previous transmission quality report was transmitted; and

[0411] Based on the measured transmission quality, a further transmission quality report is transmitted, wherein,

[0412] If the timer scheduled since the transmission of the previous transmission quality report has expired, the further transmission quality report is based on the first error rate;

[0413] If the timer scheduled since the previous transmission quality report has not expired, the further transmission quality report is based on the target error rate.

[0414] Item 47. The method according to any one of items 35 to 46, further comprising the first mobile node reporting the transmission quality of the measurement associated with the first communication configuration in such a way as follows:

[0415] First, the transmission quality of the measurement associated with the first communication configuration is reported based on a first mapping table, wherein the first mapping table associates the transmission quality measurement with one or more reported values;

[0416] Based on the measured transmission quality, the transmission quality of the measurement is later reported based on a second correspondence table that associates the transmission quality measurement with one or more reported values, the second correspondence table being different from the first correspondence table.

[0417] Item 48. A mobile node for use in a mobile telecommunications network and for configuring transmission based on a target error rate of the transmission, said transmission occurring between the mobile node and a second mobile node in the mobile telecommunications network, said mobile node being configured to:

[0418] During the initialization phase, communication is established with the second mobile node based on a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate;

[0419] The initial transmission quality associated with the transmission during the measurement and initialization phase;

[0420] Determine a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate, wherein the second communication configuration is based on an initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration; and

[0421] During the stabilization phase, communication is established with the second mobile node based on the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0422] Item 49. A mobile node for use in a mobile telecommunications network and for configuring transmissions based on a target error rate, the transmissions being performed between the mobile node and a second mobile node in the mobile telecommunications network, the mobile node being configured to implement the method according to any one of items 35 to 47.

[0423] Item 50. A circuit for a mobile node, the mobile node being used in a mobile telecommunications network and for configuring transmission based on a target error rate of the transmission, the transmission being performed between the mobile node and a second mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network via a radio access interface of the mobile telecommunications network, the circuit comprising:

[0424] A transmitter circuit configured to transmit signals via a wireless access interface;

[0425] Receiver circuitry, the receiver circuitry being configured to receive signals via a wireless access interface; and

[0426] Controller circuitry, configured to control the transmitter and receiver:

[0427] During the initialization phase, communication is established with the second mobile node based on a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate;

[0428] The initial transmission quality associated with the transmission during the measurement and initialization phase;

[0429] Based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration, a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate is determined; and

[0430] During the stabilization phase, communication is established with the second mobile node based on the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0431] Item 51. A method for operating a functional node in a mobile telecommunications network and configuring transmission based on a target error rate of the transmission, said transmission occurring between a first mobile node and a functional node in the mobile telecommunications network, the method comprising the functional node:

[0432] During the initialization phase, communication is established with the first mobile node based on a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate;

[0433] Based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration, a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate is determined; and

[0434] During the stabilization phase, communication is established with the first mobile node based on the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0435] Item 52. The method according to item 51, comprising receiving from the first mobile node a report indicating initial transmission quality measurements associated with transmissions during the initialization phase.

[0436] Item 53. The method according to item 51 or 52 further includes:

[0437] Receive from the first mobile node a report indicating the estimated number of retransmissions or repetitions to achieve the target error rate; and

[0438] The second communication configuration is determined based on the reported estimated number of retransmissions or repetitions.

[0439] Item 54. The method according to any one of items 51 to 53, comprising receiving from a first mobile node the detected error rate for each of a plurality of coding rates.

[0440] Item 55. The method according to item 54 further includes the functional node:

[0441] Determine one or more interpolation parameters to configure the transmission parameters based on the desired error rate and a known error rate based on other configurations of the transmission parameters.

[0442] Item 56. The method according to item 55, including the functional node:

[0443] Based on one or more interpolation parameters, a target error rate, and the detected error rate for each of a plurality of coding rates, a recommended coding rate for achieving the target error rate is derived; and

[0444] The second communication configuration is determined based on the recommended coding rate.

[0445] Item 57. The method according to any one of items 51 to 56, further comprising the functional node:

[0446] Receive one or more interpolation parameters from the first mobile node to determine the configuration of the transmission parameters based on the expected error rate and a known error rate based on other configurations of the transmission parameters;

[0447] Receive one or more further interpolation parameters from at least one further mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network for determining the configuration of the transmission parameters based on the expected error rate and a known error rate based on other configurations of the transmission parameters;

[0448] The received one or more interpolation parameters and the received one or more further interpolation parameters are averaged to determine one or more average interpolation parameters; and

[0449] The configuration of the transmission parameters is determined based on one or more average interpolation parameters.

[0450] Item 58. The method according to any one of items 55 to 57, further comprising:

[0451] Store one or more interpolation parameters; and

[0452] When a reconnection event is detected between the first mobile node and the functional node, the configuration of the transmission parameters is determined using the stored interpolation parameters based on the expected error rate for communication between the first mobile node and the functional node.

[0453] Item 59. The method according to any one of items 51 to 58, comprising the said functional node:

[0454] Receive from the first mobile node a recommended coding rate for achieving the target error rate; and

[0455] The second communication configuration is determined based on the recommended coding rate.

[0456] Item 60. The method according to any one of items 51 to 59, further comprising the functional node:

[0457] A report of transmission quality measurements associated with a first communication configuration is received from a first mobile node, the report using a first mapping table, wherein the first mapping table associates transmission quality measurements with one or more reported values;

[0458] The report based on the measured transmission quality instructs the first mobile node to report the measured transmission quality based on a second mapping table, which associates the transmission quality measurement with one or more reported values, wherein the second mapping table is different from the first mapping table.

[0459] Item 61. A functional node for use in a mobile telecommunications network and for configuring transmission based on a target error rate of the transmission, said transmission occurring between a first mobile node and a functional node in the mobile telecommunications network, said functional node being configured to:

[0460] During the initialization phase, communication is established with the first mobile node based on a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate;

[0461] Determine a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate, wherein the second communication configuration is based on an initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration; and

[0462] During the stabilization phase, communication is established with the first mobile node based on the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0463] Item 62. A functional node used in a mobile telecommunications network and for configuring transmission based on a target error rate of the transmission, the transmission being performed between a first mobile node and a functional node in the mobile telecommunications network, the functional node being configured to implement the method according to any one of items 51 to 60.

[0464] Item 63. A circuit for a functional node, the functional node being used in a mobile telecommunications network and for configuring transmission based on a target error rate of the transmission, the transmission being performed between a first mobile node and a functional node in the mobile telecommunications network via a radio access interface of the mobile telecommunications network, the circuit comprising:

[0465] A transmitter circuit configured to transmit signals via a wireless access interface;

[0466] Receiver circuitry, the receiver circuitry being configured to receive signals via a wireless access interface; and

[0467] Controller circuitry, configured to control the transmitter and receiver:

[0468] During the initialization phase, communication is established with the first mobile node based on a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate;

[0469] Determine a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate, wherein the second communication configuration is based on an initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration; and

[0470] During the stabilization phase, communication is established with the first mobile node based on the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0471] Item 64. A system for use in a mobile telecommunications network, the system comprising a first mobile node and a second mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network, and the system being configured to configure transmission based on a target error rate of transmission between the first mobile node and the second mobile node, wherein the first mobile node and the second mobile node are configured to

[0472] During the initialization phase, communication is performed based on a first error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first error rate is greater than the target error rate; and

[0473] During the stabilization phase, communication is conducted based on the target error rate and the second communication configuration.

[0474] in,

[0475] At least one of the first mobile node and the second mobile node is configured to measure the initial transmission quality associated with the transmission during the initialization phase; and

[0476] At least one of the first mobile node and the second mobile node is configured to determine a second communication configuration corresponding to the target error rate based on an initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration.

[0477] Item 65. A system for use in a mobile telecommunications network, the system comprising a first mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network and a second mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network, and the system being configured to configure transmission based on a target error rate of transmission between the first mobile node and the second mobile node, wherein the system is configured to implement the method according to any one of items 1 to 34.

Claims

1. A method for configuring transmission in a mobile telecommunications network based on a target error rate, the transmission occurring between a first mobile node and a second mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network, the method comprising: During the initialization phase, the first mobile node and the second mobile node communicate according to a first target error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first target error rate is greater than the second target error rate, and the initialization phase is at least one transport block length. The initial transmission quality associated with the transmission during the measurement and initialization phase; Based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration, a second communication configuration corresponding to the second target error rate is determined; and During the stable phase, the first mobile node and the second mobile node communicate according to the second target error rate and the second communication configuration. In the initialization phase, the downlink transmission sub-time slot is shorter than that in the stabilization phase.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The initialization phase terminates once N unsuccessful transmissions are detected in the communication between the first mobile node and the second mobile node, where N is equal to or greater than 1.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The number N of unsuccessful transmissions is set based on either the first target error rate or the second target error rate.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising, during the initialization phase, the first mobile node and the second mobile node communicating according to an intermediate communication configuration associated with an intermediate error rate lower than the first target error rate.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising measuring the transmission quality associated with the transmission during the stabilization phase, wherein, The initial transmission quality is correlated with the measurement of the first set of resource units. The further transmission quality is correlated with measurements of the second set of resource units. The first ratio of the number of resource units in the first group of resource units to the number of resource units in the transmission during the initialization phase is greater than the second ratio of the number of resource units in the second group of resource units to the number of resource units in the transmission during the stabilization phase.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying unsuccessful transmissions from the second mobile node to the first mobile node, identifying whether the identified transmission occurred during the initialization phase, and if the identified transmission occurred during the initialization phase, the first mobile node transmitting an aperiodic quality indication to the second mobile node.

7. The method according to claim 1, comprising: Identify unsuccessful transmissions from the second mobile node to the first mobile node; If the identified transmission occurs during the initialization phase, the first mobile node transmits a first type of aperiodic quality indicator to the second mobile node. If the identified transmission occurs during the stable phase, the first mobile node transmits a second type of aperiodic quality indicator to the second mobile node, the second type of aperiodic quality indicator being different from the first type of aperiodic quality indicator.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The first mobile node estimates the number of retransmissions or repetitions required to achieve the second target error rate based on the measured initial transmission quality. The first mobile node reports the estimated number of retransmissions or repetitions to the second mobile node; as well as The second mobile node determines the second communication configuration based on the reported estimated number of retransmissions or repetitions.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Compared to the allocation format or window in the second communication configuration, the allocation format or window for the uplink control channel used to report whether the downlink transmission was successful in the first communication configuration is smaller.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein, During the initialization phase, the first mobile node uses a first number of acknowledgment messages to acknowledge each transmission from the second mobile node, and during the stabilization phase, the first mobile node uses a second number of acknowledgment messages to acknowledge each transmission from the second mobile node, the second number of acknowledgment messages being different from and less than the first number of acknowledgment messages.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, During the initialization phase, the number of acknowledgment messages used to confirm a given transmission from the second mobile node includes a first acknowledgment message corresponding to a first repetition of the given transmission and a second acknowledgment message corresponding to a combination of the first repetition and the second repetition of the given transmission.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, During the initialization phase, the number of acknowledgment messages used to confirm a given transmission from the second mobile node includes acknowledgment messages corresponding to a decoding attempt using a first coding rate and another acknowledgment message corresponding to another decoding attempt using a different coding rate than the first coding rate.

13. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, During the initialization phase, the first mobile node is configured to use the following to measure the initial transmission quality associated with transmissions during the initialization phase: A full decoding attempt, used to decode the first transmission received from the second mobile node during the initialization phase using all symbolic or physical bits of the first transmission; and Partial decoding attempts are made to decode the first transmission using some, but not all, of the symbols or physical bits of the first transmission, respectively. The method further includes transmitting a first confirmation message related to the complete decoding attempt and a second confirmation message related to the partial decoding attempt.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first communication configuration is associated with two or more repetitions of at least some transmissions, and wherein the second communication configuration is associated with deactivation of the repetition of the transmission.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Measuring the initial transmission quality includes the error rate detected by the first mobile node for each of a plurality of coding rates for at least one transmission.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein, The error rate detected for each of a plurality of coding rates for the at least one transmission includes: the first mobile node puncturing the at least one transmission to simulate receiving the at least one transmission at different coding rates.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein, The at least one transmission comprises two or more parts, wherein a first part is encoded using a first coding rate, and wherein another part is encoded using a different coding rate than the first coding rate. The first mobile node determines the error rate associated with the first part and the second error rate associated with the second part.

18. The method according to claim 15 or 16, further comprising: The first mobile node: The transmission indicates the error rate report for each detected error rate among multiple coding rates; and / or Based on the second target error rate and the detected error rate for each of the plurality of coding rates, a recommended coding rate for achieving the second target error rate is derived, and a recommendation report indicating the recommended coding rate is transmitted.

19. The method of claim 15 or 16, further comprising the first mobile node or the second mobile node determining one or more interpolation parameters based on transmission quality information from at least the mobile node, wherein, The interpolation parameters are used to determine the configuration of the transmission parameters based on the expected error rate and the known error rate based on other configurations of the transmission parameters.

20. The method of claim 19, comprising: At least one of the first mobile node and the second mobile node stores one or more interpolation parameters as determined; as well as When a reconnection event is detected between the first mobile node and the second mobile node, the configuration of the transmission parameters is determined using the stored interpolation parameters based on the expected error rate for communication between the first mobile node and the second mobile node.

21. The method of claim 19, further comprising the first mobile node or the second mobile node respectively transmitting the one or more interpolation parameters.

22. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The report describes the transmission quality of measurements associated with the first communication configuration; Further transmission quality associated with the transmission during the stabilized phase is measured. Wherein, the first communication configuration is associated with a first timing configuration for reporting the transmission quality of measurements, and the second communication configuration is associated with a second timing configuration for reporting further transmission quality of measurements; and The first timing configuration indicates a reporting opportunity that is more frequent than the reporting opportunity indicated in the second timing configuration.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein, The report of the measured transmission quality is based on the transmission quality relative to the first target error rate, and The report on further transmission quality of the measurement is based on the transmission quality relative to the second target error rate.

24. The method according to claim 22 or 23, wherein, The report of the measured transmission quality is based on the transmission quality relative to the first target error rate and the transmission quality relative to a second target error rate different from the first target error rate. and The report on further transmission quality of the measurement is based on the transmission quality relative to the second target error rate.

25. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The report describes the transmission quality of measurements associated with the first communication configuration; The transmission quality measured in the report includes: Based on the measured transmission quality, a first transmission quality report is transmitted; Determine whether the scheduled timer has expired since the previous transmission quality report was transmitted; and Based on the measured transmission quality, a further transmission quality report is transmitted, wherein, If the predetermined timer has expired since the transmission of the previous transmission quality report, the further transmission quality report is based on the first target error rate; If the predetermined timer has not expired since the previous transmission quality report was transmitted, the further transmission quality report is based on the second target error rate.

26. The method of claim 1, further comprising the first mobile node reporting the transmission quality of the measurement associated with the first communication configuration in such a way as follows: First, the transmission quality of the measurements associated with the first communication configuration is reported based on a first correspondence table, wherein... The first mapping table associates transmission quality measurements with one or more reported values; Based on the measured transmission quality, the transmission quality of the measurement is later reported based on a second correspondence table that associates the transmission quality measurement with one or more reported values, the second correspondence table being different from the first correspondence table.

27. The method of claim 26, further comprising the second mobile node instructing the first mobile node to report the transmission quality of the first mobile node based on the first reported measurement of transmission quality, using a second correspondence table.

28. The method according to claim 26 or 27, wherein, Each of the first and second correspondence tables associates a modulation and coding scheme with a corresponding reported value; The first mobile node reports the measured transmission quality, including selecting a modulation and coding scheme based on the expected error rate and reporting the value corresponding to the selected modulation scheme; and The first and second correspondence tables are associated with the same expected error rate, and the second correspondence table provides a finer-grained modulation and coding scheme around the modulation and coding scheme first reported using the first correspondence table.

29. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first communication configuration includes one or more of the following: sub-slot size; number of symbols in each sub-slot; number of resource blocks in the sub-slot; modulation and coding scheme; and allocation size of the uplink control channel used to report whether downlink transmission is successful.

30. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second communication configuration includes one or more of the following: sub-slot size; number of symbols in each sub-slot; number of resource blocks in the sub-slot; modulation and coding scheme; and allocation size of the uplink control channel for reporting whether downlink transmission is successful.

31. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first mobile node is one or more of a mobile terminal, UE, mobile station, and relay station.

32. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second mobile node is one or more of a base station, relay station, remote radio head, mobile station, and transmit / receive point.

33. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second target error rate is one or more of the following: less than or equal to 10 -2 Less than or equal to 10 -3 Less than or equal to 10 -4 Less than or equal to 10 -5 Less than or equal to 10 -6 .

34. A method for operating a first mobile node in a mobile telecommunications network and configuring transmission based on a target error rate of transmission, said transmission occurring between the first mobile node and a second mobile node in the mobile telecommunications network, the method comprising the first mobile node: During the initialization phase, communication is established with the second mobile node based on a first target error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein... The first target error rate is greater than the second target error rate, and the initialization phase is at least one transport block length; The initial transmission quality associated with the transmission during the measurement and initialization phase; Based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration, a second communication configuration corresponding to the second target error rate is determined; as well as During the stabilization phase, communication is established with the second mobile node based on the second target error rate and the second communication configuration. In the initialization phase, the downlink transmission sub-time slot is shorter than that in the stabilization phase.

35. A mobile node for use in a mobile telecommunications network and for configuring transmission based on a target error rate, the transmission occurring between the mobile node and a second mobile node in the mobile telecommunications network, the mobile node being configured to: During the initialization phase, communication is established with the second mobile node based on a first target error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein... The first target error rate is greater than the second target error rate, and the initialization phase is at least one transport block length; The initial transmission quality associated with the transmission during the measurement and initialization phase; Determine a second communication configuration corresponding to the second target error rate, wherein the second communication configuration is based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration; and During the stabilization phase, communication is established with the second mobile node based on the second target error rate and the second communication configuration. In the initialization phase, the downlink transmission sub-time slot is shorter than that in the stabilization phase.

36. A circuit for a mobile node, the mobile node being used in a mobile telecommunications network and configured to perform transmission based on a target error rate, the transmission being performed between the mobile node and a second mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network via a radio access interface of the mobile telecommunications network, the circuit comprising: A transmitter circuit configured to transmit signals via the wireless access interface; A receiver circuit configured to receive signals via the wireless access interface; as well as Controller circuitry, configured to control the transmitter and receiver: During the initialization phase, communication is conducted with the second mobile node based on a first target error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first target error rate is greater than the second target error rate, and the initialization phase is at least one transport block length. The initial transmission quality associated with the transmission during the measurement and initialization phase; Based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration, a second communication configuration corresponding to the second target error rate is determined; and During the stabilization phase, communication is established with the second mobile node based on the second target error rate and the second communication configuration. In the initialization phase, the downlink transmission sub-time slot is shorter than that in the stabilization phase.

37. A method for operating a functional node in a mobile telecommunications network and configuring transmission based on a target error rate of transmission, the transmission occurring between a first mobile node and the functional node in the mobile telecommunications network, the method comprising the functional node: During the initialization phase, communication is established with the first mobile node based on a first target error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein... The first target error rate is greater than the second target error rate, and the initialization phase is at least one transport block length; Based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration, a second communication configuration corresponding to the second target error rate is determined; as well as During the stabilization phase, communication is established with the first mobile node based on the second target error rate and the second communication configuration. In the initialization phase, the downlink transmission sub-time slot is shorter than that in the stabilization phase.

38. The method of claim 37, further comprising receiving from the first mobile node a report indicating initial transmission quality measurements associated with transmissions during the initialization phase.

39. The method according to claim 37 or 38, further comprising the functional node: Receive one or more interpolation parameters from the first mobile node to determine the configuration of the transmission parameters based on the expected error rate and a known error rate based on other configurations of the transmission parameters; Receive one or more further interpolation parameters from at least one further mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network for determining the configuration of the transmission parameters based on the expected error rate and a known error rate based on other configurations of the transmission parameters; The received one or more interpolation parameters and the received one or more further interpolation parameters are averaged to determine one or more average interpolation parameters; and The configuration of the transmission parameters is determined based on one or more of the average interpolation parameters.

40. The method according to claim 37 or 38, comprising the functional node: Receive from the first mobile node a recommended coding rate for achieving the target error rate; and The second communication configuration is determined based on the recommended coding rate.

41. A circuit for a functional node, the functional node being used in a mobile telecommunications network and configured to perform transmission based on a target error rate, the transmission being performed between a first mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network and the functional node via a radio access interface of the mobile telecommunications network, the circuit comprising: A transmitter circuit configured to transmit signals via the wireless access interface; A receiver circuit configured to receive signals via the wireless access interface; as well as Controller circuitry, configured to control the transmitter and receiver: During the initialization phase, communication is conducted with the first mobile node based on a first target error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first target error rate is greater than a second target error rate, and the initialization phase is at least one transport block length. Determine a second communication configuration corresponding to the second target error rate, wherein the second communication configuration is based on an initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration; and During the stabilization phase, communication is established with the first mobile node based on the second target error rate and the second communication configuration. In the initialization phase, the downlink transmission sub-time slot is shorter than that in the stabilization phase.

42. A system for use in a mobile telecommunications network, the system comprising a first mobile node and a second mobile node of the mobile telecommunications network, and the system being configured to configure transmission based on a target error rate of transmission between the first mobile node and the second mobile node, wherein, The first mobile node and the second mobile node are configured as follows: During the initialization phase, communication is performed based on a first target error rate and a first communication configuration, wherein the first target error rate is greater than a second target error rate, and the initialization phase is at least one transport block length; and During the stabilization phase, communication is performed according to the second target error rate and the second communication configuration, wherein the downlink transmission sub-time slots in the initialization phase are shorter than the downlink transmission sub-time slots in the stabilization phase. in, At least one of the first mobile node and the second mobile node is configured to measure the initial transmission quality associated with the transmission during the initialization phase; and At least one of the first mobile node and the second mobile node is configured to determine the second communication configuration corresponding to the second target error rate based on the initial transmission quality associated with the first communication configuration.

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