Long right-angle weld laser composite welding device and method

Abstract

The present invention seeks to protect a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device and method, which includes a fixing mechanism, a moving mechanism and a laser weld tracking system, wherein the fixing mechanism is used to fix the plate, the moving mechanism is slidably connected to the fixing mechanism, the laser weld tracking system is connected to the moving mechanism, and the moving mechanism is used to drive the laser weld tracking system to move in the horizontal and vertical directions. In summary, the above technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: 1. First, the plate is fixed as a whole by the fixing mechanism to prevent the plate from moving during welding; 2. Secondly, the two plates are pre-welded by low-power laser self-melting welding to partially melt the weld. After the partially melted material solidifies, it plays a role in preventing the deformation of the fillet weld plate, avoiding the problem that the front of the weld is welded and the gap at the back becomes larger and cannot be welded. Finally, the welding is completed by laser arc hybrid welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and more specifically to a long right-angle weld laser composite welding device and method. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding has a relatively high requirement for the pre-weld gap of fillet welds. When welding long right-angle welds, it often causes the fillet weld located at the back to deform after welding 1 / 3 of the fillet weld, resulting in an increase in the gap, making laser welding impossible. Therefore, new welding solutions are needed for laser welding and laser arc hybrid welding of long right-angle welds. How to solve the problem of easy deformation during laser welding or laser arc hybrid welding of long right-angle welds is the technical problem to be solved by this application. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device and method are provided, which can avoid deformation of the fillet weld.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, on the one hand, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0005] A long right-angle weld laser composite welding device comprises a fixing mechanism, a moving mechanism and a laser weld tracking system, wherein the fixing mechanism is used to fix a plate, the moving mechanism is slidingly connected to the fixing mechanism, the laser weld tracking system is connected to the moving mechanism, and the moving mechanism is used to drive the laser weld tracking system to move horizontally and vertically.

[0006] In a second aspect, a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding method is provided, which includes the following process:

[0007] St10: The position of the weld is identified by the laser weld tracking system, and the laser head is controlled to pre-weld the weld according to the position of the weld.

[0008] St20: When the pre-welding is completed, the laser weld tracking and recognition system is controlled to identify the edge of the plate, and the edge of the plate plus the thickness of the plate itself is used as the position of the secondary welding, and the laser head is controlled to perform secondary welding on the position of the secondary welding.

[0009] In summary, the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: the fixing mechanism is used to fix the two plates perpendicularly to each other to form a long right angle, the moving mechanism is used to drive the laser weld tracking system to move horizontally, that is, move along the extension direction of the welds of the two plates, and the external laser head pre-welds the two plates according to the weld path scanned by the laser weld tracking system. When the pre-welding is completed, there is no gap feature in the weld, and the laser weld tracking system is controlled by the moving mechanism to move longitudinally to the side of the plate. The laser weld tracking system uses the edge of the plate as a scanning feature, and then uses the edge of the plate plus the thickness of the plate itself as the position of the secondary welding. Finally, the laser head performs secondary welding on the weld of the plate according to the position of the secondary welding.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: 1. First, the plate is fixed as a whole by a fixing mechanism to prevent the plate from moving during welding; 2. Secondly, the two plates are pre-welded by low-power laser self-melting welding to melt the weld part. After the partially molten material solidifies, it prevents the deformation of the fillet weld plate and avoids the problem of welding in the front of the weld and the gap in the back becoming larger and unable to weld. Finally, the welding is completed by laser arc hybrid welding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device;

[0012] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a fixing mechanism of a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device;

[0013] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a moving mechanism of a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device;

[0014] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a screw of a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device;

[0015] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the rotating teeth of a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device;

[0016] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a sliding block of a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device;

[0017] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a rotating rod of a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device;

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotation changes of a laser weld tracking system of a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device.

[0019] : 10, fixing mechanism; 11, fixing platform; 12, vertical movable plate; 121, horizontal fixed wheel group; 1211, horizontal upper fixed wheel; 1212, horizontal lower fixed wheel; 13, horizontal movable plate; 131, vertical fixed wheel group; 1311, vertical front fixed wheel; 1312, vertical rear fixed wheel; 132, sliding groove; 20, moving mechanism; 21, sliding arm; 211, rotating tooth; 22, sliding block; 221, threaded hole; 222, rotating hole; 23, longitudinal driving structure; 231, driving member; 232, screw; 24, limiting block; 30, laser weld tracking system; 31, rotating rod; 32, gear teeth; 33, limiting ring; 40, vertical telescopic member; 50, horizontal telescopic member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The same parts are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the words "bottom surface" and "top surface", "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device includes a fixing mechanism 10, a moving mechanism 20 and a laser weld tracking system 30. The fixing mechanism 10 is used to fix the plate, the moving mechanism 20 is slidably connected to the fixing mechanism 10, the laser weld tracking system 30 is connected to the moving mechanism 20, and the moving mechanism 20 is used to drive the laser weld tracking system 30 to move in the horizontal and vertical directions. The fixing mechanism 10 is used to fix two plates perpendicularly to each other to form a long right angle, and the moving mechanism 20 is used to drive the laser weld tracking system 30 to move in the horizontal direction, that is, to move along the extension direction of the weld of the two plates. The external laser head performs pre-welding on the two plates according to the weld path scanned by the laser weld tracking system 30. When the pre-welding is completed, the weld has no gap feature. The laser weld tracking system 30 is controlled by the moving mechanism 20 to move in the vertical direction to the side of the plate. The laser weld tracking system 30 uses the edge of the plate as a scanning feature, and then uses the edge of the plate plus the thickness of the plate itself as the position of the secondary welding. Finally, the laser head performs secondary welding on the weld of the plate according to the position of the secondary welding. The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: 1. First, the plate is fixed as a whole by the fixing mechanism 10 to prevent the plate from moving during welding; 2. Secondly, the two plates are pre-welded by low-power laser self-melting welding to melt the weld part. After the partially molten material solidifies, it prevents the fillet weld plate from deforming, avoiding the problem of welding in the front of the weld and the gap in the back becoming larger and unable to weld. Finally, the welding is completed by laser arc hybrid welding.

[0022] like Figure 2As shown, the fixing mechanism 10 includes a fixing platform 11, a vertical movable plate 12, and a horizontal movable plate 13; the vertical movable plate 12 is connected to the fixing platform 11, and a horizontal fixed wheel group 121 is provided on the vertical movable plate 12, and the horizontal fixed wheel group 121 is used to fix the plate in a horizontal direction; the horizontal movable plate 13 is connected to the fixing platform 11, and a vertical fixed wheel group 131 is provided on the horizontal movable plate 13, and the vertical fixed wheel group 131 is used to fix the plate in a vertical direction. The angle between the vertical movable plate 12 and the horizontal movable plate 13 is ninety degrees, and the angle between the horizontal fixed wheel group 121 and the vertical fixed wheel group 131 is also ninety degrees, so the angle between the horizontal plate and the vertical plate is also ninety degrees.

[0023] The horizontal fixed wheel group 121 includes a plurality of upper horizontal fixed wheels 1211 and a plurality of lower horizontal fixed wheels 1212, both of which are arranged on the vertical movable plate 12 in a horizontal direction, and the upper horizontal fixed wheel 1211 is arranged above the lower horizontal fixed wheel 1212, and the upper horizontal fixed wheel 1211 and the lower horizontal fixed wheel 1212 are used to fix the plate in a horizontal direction; the vertical fixed wheel group 131 includes a plurality of vertical front fixed wheels 1311 and a plurality of vertical rear fixed wheels 1312, both of which are arranged on the vertical movable plate 12 in a horizontal direction, and the vertical front fixed wheel 1311 is arranged in front of the vertical rear fixed wheel 1312, and the vertical front fixed wheel 1311 and the vertical rear fixed wheel 1312 are used to fix the plate in a vertical direction. Specifically, the upper horizontal fixed wheel 1211 and the lower horizontal fixed wheel 1212 are both rotatably connected to the vertical movable plate 12 via a rotating shaft, and a gap is provided between the upper horizontal fixed wheel 1211 and the lower horizontal fixed wheel 1212 for inserting a plate, and the upper horizontal fixed wheel 1211 and the lower horizontal fixed wheel 1212 are detachable from the rotating shaft, and the width of the gap can be changed by replacing the size of the upper horizontal fixed wheel 1211 and the lower horizontal fixed wheel 1212 to adapt to the thickness of different plates; similarly, the front vertical fixed wheel 1311 and the rear vertical fixed wheel 1312 are both rotatably connected to the horizontal movable plate 13 via a rotating shaft, and a gap is provided between the front vertical fixed wheel 1311 and the rear vertical fixed wheel 1312 for inserting a plate, and the front vertical fixed wheel 1311 and the rear vertical fixed wheel 1312 are detachable from the rotating shaft, and the width of the gap can be changed by replacing the size of the front vertical fixed wheel 1311 and the rear vertical fixed wheel 1312 to adapt to the thickness of different plates. The panels can be inserted into the gap and fixed in horizontal or vertical orientation.

[0024] The vertical movable plate 12 is connected to the fixed platform 11 through a vertical telescopic member 40, and the horizontal movable plate 13 is connected to the fixed platform 11 through a horizontal telescopic member 50. The vertical telescopic member 40 and the horizontal telescopic member 50 are parts with telescopic functions such as cylinders, solenoid valves, and telescopic rods. The vertical telescopic member 40 is used to control the vertical movable plate 12 to move vertically, that is, to move in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal movable plate 13; the horizontal telescopic member 50 is used to control the horizontal movable plate 13 to move horizontally, that is, to move in a direction perpendicular to the vertical movable plate 12. By moving the vertical movable plate 12 and the horizontal movable plate 13, the distance between them and the fixed platform 11 can be changed to adapt to the sizes of different plates.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the moving mechanism 20 includes a sliding arm 21, a sliding block 22 and a longitudinal driving structure 23, and the transverse moving plate 13 is provided with a sliding groove 132; the sliding arm 21 is slidingly connected to the sliding groove 132, the sliding block 22 is slidingly connected to the sliding arm 21, the longitudinal driving structure 23 is arranged on the sliding arm 21 and connected to the sliding block 22, the laser weld tracking system 30 is rotationally connected to the sliding block 22, the sliding arm 21 is used to control the laser weld tracking system 30 to move horizontally, and the longitudinal driving structure 23 is used to control the laser weld tracking system 30 to move longitudinally. When in use, the laser weld tracking system 30 first moves horizontally in the sliding groove 132 through the sliding arm 21 to scan the weld path, and the laser head performs direct fusion welding on the weld according to the weld path. Then the longitudinal drive structure 23 drives the sliding block 22 to move downward along the sliding arm 21, and drives the laser weld tracking system 30 to move downward. The laser weld tracking system 30 is then rotated to scan the edge of the vertical plate, and the edge of the plate plus the thickness of the plate itself is used as the position of the secondary welding. Finally, the laser head performs laser arc composite welding on the weld of the plate according to the position of the secondary welding.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the longitudinal drive structure 23 includes a drive member 231 and a screw rod 232. The sliding block 22 is provided with a threaded hole 221 that cooperates with the screw rod 232. The drive member 231 is arranged on the sliding arm 21 and connected to the screw rod 232 to drive the screw rod 232 to rotate.

[0027] A limit block 24 is provided at the upper end of the sliding arm 21. Because the sliding block 22 is slidably connected to the sliding arm 21, when the screw 232 rotates, the sliding block 22 moves up and down along the sliding arm 21, and the driving member 231 is a part such as a motor that can drive the screw 232 to rotate. Preferably, a limit block 24 is provided at the upper end of the sliding arm 21 to prevent the sliding block 22 from falling off.

[0028] like Figure 5-8As shown, a rotating rod 31 is provided on the laser weld tracking system 30, a rotating hole 222 is provided on the sliding block 22 to cooperate with the rotating rod 31, a plurality of gear teeth 32 are provided on the rotating rod 31, and the plurality of gear teeth 32 are arranged around the circumference of the rotating rod 31, and a rotating tooth 211 to cooperate with the gear teeth 32 is provided on the sliding arm 21. When the longitudinal driving structure 23 controls the sliding block 22 to move downward, the rotating rod 31 and the laser weld tracking system 30 also move downward, and when the gear teeth 32 on the rotating rod 31 pass the rotating tooth 211, the rotating rod 31 rotates ninety degrees. Through the arrangement of the gear teeth 32 and the rotating tooth 211, the laser weld tracking system 30 can automatically complete the angle conversion when moving up and down. The process is that when the laser weld tracking system 30 moves horizontally to scan the weld, the scanning head of the laser weld tracking system 30 faces downward. When the laser weld tracking system 30 completes the scanning and moves downward, the gear 32 automatically rotates the laser weld tracking system 30 by ninety degrees through the rotating gear 211, so that the scanning head of the laser weld tracking system 30 faces the side of the plate. After the scanning is completed, the laser weld tracking system 30 resets and automatically turns the scanning head to the downward direction through the rotating gear 211. The number of teeth of the rotating gear 211 is one-fourth of the number of teeth of the gear 32. For example, the number of teeth of the rotating gear 211 is 2, and the number of teeth of the gear 32 is 8, so that the gear 32 rotates ninety degrees each time after passing the rotating gear 211. According to actual conditions, the gear 32 can be replaced by a ready-made gear.

[0029] A limit ring 33 is provided at one end of the rotating rod 31 away from the laser weld tracking system 30, and the diameter of the limit ring 33 is larger than the inner diameter of the rotating hole 222. After the rotating rod 31 passes through the rotating hole 222, the end of the rotating hole 222 away from the laser weld tracking system 30 has the limit ring 33, and the end close to the laser weld tracking system 30 has the gear 32, so as to limit the rotating rod 31 in the rotating hole 222.

[0030] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding method is provided, which comprises the following process:

[0031] St10: The position of the weld is identified by the laser weld tracking system 30, and the laser head is controlled to perform pre-welding on the weld according to the position of the weld.

[0032] St20: When the pre-welding is completed, the laser weld tracking and recognition system is controlled to identify the edge of the plate, and the edge of the plate plus the thickness of the plate itself is used as the position of the secondary welding, and the laser head is controlled to perform secondary welding on the position of the secondary welding.

[0033] This solution proposes that when performing laser arc hybrid welding on a long straight weld, low-power laser self-melting welding is first performed to partially melt the weld. After the partially melted material solidifies, it plays a role in preventing the deformation of the fillet weld plate, avoiding the problem that the front of the weld is welded and the gap at the back becomes larger and cannot be welded. After the low-power welding is completed, the joint no longer has the weld gap feature, and the laser weld tracking system 30 cannot identify the position of the weld. Therefore, when the fillet weld has no gap feature after the low-power welding is completed, and the weld tracking system cannot identify it, the weld tracking identification position can be changed, and the weld position can be determined by setting the offset. When the weld tracking sensor scans the weld, since there is no typical gap feature, the rotating laser weld tracking system 30 uses the edge of the plate as a scanning feature. When the thickness of the plate is t, the position calculated by the weld tracking is increased by the offset t to obtain the weld position. The above-mentioned present invention realizes the weld tracking function in the process of laser hybrid welding of long right-angle welds, and improves the welding quality and other effects.

[0034] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixing mechanism (10), a moving mechanism (20) and a laser weld seam tracking system (30), wherein the fixing mechanism (10) is used to fix a plate, the moving mechanism (20) is slidably connected to the fixing mechanism (10), the laser weld seam tracking system (30) is connected to the moving mechanism (20), and the moving mechanism (20) is used to drive the laser weld seam tracking system (30) to move in the transverse and longitudinal directions; The fixing mechanism (10) comprises a fixing platform (11), a vertical movable plate (12), and a horizontal movable plate (13); The vertical movable plate (12) is connected to the fixed platform (11), and a horizontal fixed wheel group (121) is provided on the vertical movable plate (12), and the horizontal fixed wheel group (121) is used to fix the plate in a horizontal direction; The transverse movable plate (13) is connected to the fixed platform (11), and a vertical fixed wheel group (131) is provided on the transverse movable plate (13), and the vertical fixed wheel group (131) is used to fix the plate in a vertical direction; The moving mechanism (20) comprises a sliding arm (21), a sliding block (22) and a longitudinal driving structure (23); the transverse moving plate (13) is provided with a sliding groove (132); The sliding arm (21) is slidingly connected to the sliding groove (132), the sliding block (22) is slidingly connected to the sliding arm (21), the longitudinal driving structure (23) is arranged on the sliding arm (21) and is connected to the sliding block (22), the laser weld tracking system (30) is rotationally connected to the sliding block (22), the sliding arm (21) is used to control the laser weld tracking system (30) to move in the lateral direction, and the longitudinal driving structure (23) is used to control the laser weld tracking system (30) to move in the longitudinal direction; The laser weld tracking system (30) is provided with a rotating rod (31), the sliding block (22) is provided with a rotating hole (222) that cooperates with the rotating rod (31), the rotating rod (31) is provided with a plurality of gear teeth (32), the plurality of gear teeth (32) are arranged around the circumference of the rotating rod (31), and the sliding arm (21) is provided with rotating teeth (211) that cooperate with the gear teeth (32).

2. The long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transverse fixed wheel group (121) comprises a plurality of upper transverse fixed wheels (1211) and a plurality of lower transverse fixed wheels (1212), wherein the upper transverse fixed wheels (1211) and the lower transverse fixed wheels (1212) are both arranged on the vertical movable plate (12) in the transverse direction, and the upper transverse fixed wheels (1211) are arranged above the lower transverse fixed wheels (1212), and the upper transverse fixed wheels (1211) and the lower transverse fixed wheels (1212) are used to fix the plate in the transverse direction; The vertical fixed wheel group (131) comprises a plurality of vertical front fixed wheels (1311) and a plurality of vertical rear fixed wheels (1312); the vertical front fixed wheels (1311) and the vertical rear fixed wheels (1312) are both arranged on the vertical movable plate (12) in a transverse direction; the vertical front fixed wheels (1311) are arranged in front of the vertical rear fixed wheels (1312); the vertical front fixed wheels (1311) and the vertical rear fixed wheels (1312) are used to fix the plate in a vertical direction.

3. The long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical movable plate (12) is connected to the fixed platform (11) via a vertical telescopic member (40), and the horizontal movable plate (13) is connected to the fixed platform (11) via a horizontal telescopic member (50).

4. The long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The longitudinal drive structure (23) comprises a driving member (231) and a screw rod (232); the sliding block (22) is provided with a threaded hole (221) that cooperates with the screw rod (232); the driving member (231) is arranged on the sliding arm (21) and connected to the screw rod (232) to drive the screw rod (232) to rotate.

5. The long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A limit block (24) is provided at the upper end of the sliding arm (21).

6. The long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A limit ring (33) is provided at one end of the rotating rod (31) away from the laser weld seam tracking system (30), and the diameter of the limit ring (33) is greater than the inner diameter of the rotating hole (222).

7. A long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding method, characterized in that: The long right-angle weld laser hybrid welding device applied to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following process: The position of the weld is identified by a laser weld tracking system (30), and a laser head is controlled according to the position of the weld to perform pre-welding on the weld; When the pre-welding is completed, the laser weld tracking and recognition system is controlled to identify the edge of the plate, and the edge of the plate plus the thickness of the plate itself is used as the position of the secondary welding, and the laser head is controlled to perform secondary welding on the position of the secondary welding.

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