Intelligent tunnel construction internet of things and linkage system

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel construction internet of things and linkage system for a smart construction site, adopts a wireless fusion network combined with multiple technologies, is used for wireless transmission and wireless positioning in a tunnel, solves fusion network access and automatic or semi-automatic construction problems of a network layer in a whole tunnel construction process, realizes internet of things, linkage and intelligent management in the tunnel of paired or complete operation equipment, and guarantees safety in operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smart management technology, and in particular to a tunnel IoT and linkage system for smart construction sites. Background Technology

[0002] In actual tunnel engineering projects, Zigbee is often used as the wireless transmission network for the Internet of Things (IoT) during tunnel excavation. However, this method struggles to accommodate the access issues of different module terminals, resulting in each system having limited functionality. Furthermore, monitoring and management fail to achieve connectivity and coordination between various operational equipment, personnel, and the environment. Currently, due to the lack of network and positioning support, many digital and intelligent devices and instruments can only be used outside the tunnel and cannot be used inside. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to propose a smart construction site tunnel IoT and linkage system to solve the problem of network layer convergence network access and the problem of automatic or semi-automatic construction throughout the tunnel construction process, realize orderly linkage between people and equipment, and between equipment, improve the efficiency of construction site scheduling, maintenance, tunneling and other aspects, and reduce the time of process connection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a smart construction site tunnel construction IoT and linkage system, comprising:

[0006] The monitoring terminal includes a tunnel-specific device, a data acquisition module, and a positioning and identification module; the data acquisition module is used to collect tunnel environmental data and data from the tunnel-specific device, and the positioning and identification module is used to obtain the location information of the tunnel-specific device and the data acquisition module.

[0007] The IoT gateway is equipped with a linkage processor and a network fusion module. The linkage processor receives the collected data and location information, performs data analysis and judgment, determines the monitoring terminal that needs to be linked based on the data judgment results, and generates multiple linkage commands. The monitoring terminal that needs to be linked receives the multiple linkage commands and begins linkage work. The network fusion module is used to enable communication between the monitoring terminal, the IoT gateway, and the monitoring platform by generating multiple wireless networks.

[0008] The monitoring platform includes a user terminal, which is used to acquire and monitor data from the monitoring terminal, generate control commands based on the monitoring data results, and send the control commands to the linkage processor through the network fusion module to remotely operate the monitoring terminal.

[0009] The smart construction site tunnel IoT and linkage system of this invention may further include the following additional technical features:

[0010] Furthermore, the tunnel-specific equipment includes various types of equipment such as shield tunneling machines and their supporting instruments, drilling and blasting equipment, horizontal transportation equipment, lining equipment, slurry circulation devices, pipe replacement devices, mortar mixing equipment, ventilation duct cranes, and secondary ventilation fans; the data acquisition module includes various types of equipment such as PLC devices, CAN bus, wireless cameras, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, gas sensors, force and deformation sensors, humidity sensors, smoke sensors, displacement sensors, chemical sensors, and inertial sensors.

[0011] Furthermore, each tunnel boring machine and its supporting equipment, instruments, drilling and blasting equipment, horizontal transportation equipment, and lining equipment is equipped with a corresponding positioning and identification module, which is connected to the network fusion module.

[0012] Furthermore, the network generated by the network fusion module includes multiple communication networks such as WiFi, 4G, 5G, Zigbee, UWB, and WLAN. The network fusion module is used to send corresponding network communication to the tunnel-specific equipment according to the network interface information of the tunnel-specific equipment. The network fusion module is also used to eliminate wireless interference information generated in the tunnel through wireless frequency scanning, avoid interference frequency band signals, divide the wireless signals of the same frequency band into multiple channel types, and realize the common transmission of multiple wireless network communications according to the divided channels.

[0013] Furthermore, the IoT gateway also includes a data analysis and decision support module and a data management module. The data analysis and decision support module is used for tunnel operation status assessment, safety management decision support, operation data statistical analysis, and special topic decision support.

[0014] The data management module is used to manage basic information, electromechanical equipment status, system logs, alarm records, tunneling progress, scheduling records, receiving and sending key instructions, personnel physical status, and telephone recordings within the tunnel.

[0015] Furthermore, the data analysis and decision support module processes and analyzes data detected by wireless cameras, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, gas sensors, force and deformation sensors, humidity sensors, smoke sensors, displacement sensors, chemical sensors, and inertial sensors within the tunnel, and generates corresponding signals that are transmitted to information display devices installed within the tunnel for display, allowing passing vehicles, personnel, project managers, tunnel designers, and equipment manufacturers to view the data; simultaneously, the data is transmitted to the monitoring platform via the network fusion module.

[0016] The data acquisition module is also used to detect information on passing vehicles and traffic flow in the tunnel. The data analysis and auxiliary decision-making module processes and analyzes the detected data and generates corresponding signals. The generated signals are transmitted to the monitoring platform through the network fusion module.

[0017] The data acquisition module is also used to control the opening or closing of the lighting equipment installed in the tunnel according to the light intensity information inside and outside the tunnel and to detect the tunnel light intensity data. The data analysis and auxiliary decision-making module processes and analyzes the data detected by the data acquisition module and generates corresponding signals, which are then transmitted to the monitoring platform through the network fusion module.

[0018] The wireless camera is used to identify pedestrians, dangerous behaviors, and dangerous areas entering and inside the tunnel. The location identification module locates the pedestrian's position information. The linkage processor is used to receive and analyze the pedestrian's position information, the information of vehicles passing through the tunnel, and the status information of the tunnel-specific equipment. Based on the analyzed data results, it sends warning information to the information display device set up in the tunnel to locate the tunnel equipment and pedestrians' positions in real time, ensuring tunnel safety by providing real-time information on pedestrians and tunnel conditions.

[0019] Furthermore, the positioning and identification module includes an in-tunnel positioning unit and an out-of-tunnel positioning unit. The out-of-tunnel positioning unit uses the positioning network composed of satellites and base stations in the network fusion module to determine the location of operating equipment in the area outside the tunnel according to a preset positioning algorithm.

[0020] The tunnel positioning unit utilizes the UWB positioning network in the network fusion module to locate equipment and personnel inside the tunnel.

[0021] The monitoring platform is used to send network switching instructions to the linkage processor based on the uploaded environmental information inside and outside the tunnel. The linkage processor controls the network switching of the network fusion module according to the network switching instructions to realize intelligent positioning inside and outside the tunnel.

[0022] Furthermore, the wireless cameras are added at preset locations in the tunnel as needed. The wireless cameras are used to obtain power from the power supply module inside the tunnel in real time and to perform real-time dynamic monitoring through the wireless network.

[0023] Furthermore, the gas sensor is used to monitor H2S, CO2, CO, O2 and CH4 gases inside the tunnel in real time.

[0024] Furthermore, the user terminal includes an LED large-screen display, a mobile terminal device, a wearable device, and a PC device.

[0025] The smart construction site tunnel construction IoT and linkage system of this invention solves the problem of network layer converged network access and automatic or semi-automated construction throughout the tunnel construction process, realizes orderly linkage between people and equipment, and between equipment, improves the efficiency of construction site scheduling, maintenance, tunneling and other aspects, and reduces the time of process connection.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first smart construction site tunnel construction IoT and linkage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second smart construction site tunnel construction IoT and linkage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a third type of smart construction site tunnel construction IoT and linkage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fourth type of smart construction site tunnel construction IoT and linkage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth type of smart construction site tunnel construction IoT and linkage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth type of smart construction site tunnel construction IoT and linkage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates a cloud computing network measurement and planning system and method supporting multiple modes, according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a smart construction site tunnel construction IoT and linkage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the system 10 includes:

[0039] The monitoring terminal 100 includes a tunnel-specific device 101, a data acquisition module 102, and a positioning and identification module 103. The data acquisition module 102 is used to collect tunnel environmental data and data from the tunnel-specific device 101. The positioning and identification module 103 is used to obtain the location information of the tunnel-specific device 101 and the data acquisition module 102.

[0040] The IoT gateway 200 includes a linkage processor 201 and a network fusion module 202. The linkage processor 201 receives collected data and location information, performs data analysis and judgment, determines the monitoring terminal 100 that needs to be linked based on the data judgment results, and generates multiple linkage commands. The monitoring terminal 100 that needs to be linked receives the multiple linkage commands and begins linkage work. The network fusion module 202 enables communication between the monitoring terminal 100, the IoT gateway 200, and the monitoring platform 300 by generating multiple wireless networks.

[0041] The monitoring platform 300 includes a user terminal 301, which is used to acquire and monitor the data of the monitoring terminal, generate control commands based on the monitoring data results, and send the control commands to the linkage processor 201 through the network fusion module 202 to remotely operate the monitoring terminal 100.

[0042] It is understandable that the present invention utilizes the requirements for the coordinated operation of equipment in related processes such as the environmental monitoring and ventilation and dust removal equipment, the gantry crane, horizontal transport trolley, and segment installation equipment involved in the segment loading, transportation, and installation processes, and the wet shotcrete trolley, pump truck, mixing plant, etc. involved in the shotcreting process, and conducts relevant experimental research. On the basis of realizing the access of wireless networks, general gateways, and Internet of Things platform devices, at least one scenario is selected to preferentially achieve the coordinated operation of equipment between processes, and finally applied to the project construction process to verify the research results. Based on this, the orderly coordinated operation between people and equipment and between equipment and equipment is gradually realized to improve the efficiency in aspects such as construction site scheduling, maintenance, and tunneling, and reduce the process connection time.

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention achieve the connection of various types of equipment in the tunnel and form the coordinated operation of paired or sets of equipment. For example: the Internet of Things of the fan, monitoring the oxygen content, and shutting down the fan to save energy. All kinds of equipment supporting the track transport vehicle and the shield machine can be networked and monitored to achieve remote maintenance, one-key inspection, technical support, remote control, predictive maintenance, etc. The intercom, voice, video communication, personnel positioning, and personnel health detection of intelligent safety helmets. The position monitoring and status monitoring of mobile devices, as well as the remote operation of some equipment with low operation difficulty (the safety, cost, and efficiency will be greatly improved), etc.

[0044] Furthermore, the tunnel special equipment 101 may include a shield machine and its supporting equipment and instruments, drilling and blasting equipment, transportation equipment, lining equipment, mud circulation device, pipe changing device, mortar mixing, air duct crane, and secondary fan, etc.; the data acquisition module 102 may include PLC equipment, CAN bus, wireless camera, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, gas sensor, force and deformation sensor, humidity sensor, smoke sensor, displacement sensor, chemical sensor, and inertial sensor, etc. The gas sensor is used for real-time monitoring of H2S, CO2, CO, O2, and CH4 gases in the tunnel.

[0045] Specifically, the embodiments of the present invention are mainly applied to shield tunnels. All kinds of equipment supporting the shield machine, such as the mud circulation system includes slurry inlet pump, scouring pump, and slurry discharge pump; the pipe changing device includes slurry receiving tank, segment erector, and segment crane; the monitored gas types are H2S, CO2, CO, O2, and CH4; it also includes mortar mixing, air duct crane, secondary fan, etc.

[0046] The monitoring terminal 100 can detect temperature, humidity, smoke, water level, manhole covers, and various toxic and harmful gases inside the tunnel. It can also detect cable sheath grounding current and fault current. Additionally, it includes control equipment to improve the tunnel environment, such as terminals for controlling tunnel lighting, ventilation, and drainage. All data acquisition and monitoring terminals employ ultra-low power consumption design, achieving real-time monitoring and data acquisition capabilities impossible with conventional power consumption. Through the tunnel management system, intelligent scheduling based on tunnel environmental monitoring results enables automatic ventilation and drainage, achieving intelligent linkage monitoring and adjustment of the tunnel environment. This protects the reliable operation of power cables and other equipment within the tunnel, ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0047] This invention provides wireless cameras that can be quickly and easily deployed anywhere as needed, eliminating the need for wired network cabling in traditional monitoring. Power can now be drawn from nearby sources or batteries, allowing direct access to a wireless network for monitoring. Furthermore, all subsequent equipment can be upgraded with various instruments, including digital wireless sensors or meters. Daily inspection and maintenance are convenient.

[0048] As an example, a track-mounted horizontal transport trolley (small train) is used for transporting tunnel segments from the tunnel entrance to the working face. It can be connected to a monitoring system for a degree of automated driving. Table 1 shows relevant equipment for drill-and-blast tunnels.

[0049] Table 1

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] Further as Figure 2 As shown, each tunnel boring machine and its supporting equipment, instruments, drilling and blasting equipment, horizontal transportation equipment, and lining equipment is equipped with a corresponding positioning and identification module 103, which is connected to the network fusion module 202 respectively; and each wireless camera, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, gas sensor, force and deformation sensor, humidity sensor, smoke sensor, displacement sensor, chemical sensor, and inertial sensor is also equipped with a corresponding positioning and identification module 103.

[0053] Furthermore, the network fusion module 202 generates multiple networks including WiFi, 4G, 5G, Zigbee, UWB, and WLAN communication networks. The network fusion module 202 is used to send the corresponding network to the tunnel dedicated equipment 101 for communication based on the network interface information of the tunnel dedicated equipment 101. The network fusion module 202 is also used to eliminate wireless interference information generated in the tunnel through wireless frequency scanning, avoid interference frequency band signals, divide the wireless signals of the same frequency band into multiple channel types, and realize the common transmission of multiple wireless network communications based on the divided channels.

[0054] As we know, a gateway acts as a bridge connecting traditional communication networks and sensing networks, connecting downwards to the device control bus and upwards to the network. Equipment commonly used in tunnel construction generally falls into two categories: one is detection equipment with relatively fixed locations, whose IoT characteristic is that it does not require determining its location information, only data transmission; the other is construction equipment with frequently moving locations, whose IoT characteristic is that it needs both location information determination and data transmission. Based on these IoT characteristics, this invention is a universal series IoT gateway applicable to both types of equipment.

[0055] The IoT gateway 200 of this invention features strong anti-interference capabilities and high reliability. It can connect to various wireless networks such as WiFi, 4G, and 5G, and is compatible with multiple device buses including CAN and PLC series. It possesses protocol conversion, data transmission and reception capabilities, and some edge processing capabilities. For tunnel construction equipment, it also provides positioning and transmission functions. This universal gateway is not only compatible with internal equipment of China Railway Industry Corporation but also with other external devices. By adding a gateway, devices gain the ability to read, analyze, send, receive data, and perform some intelligent edge computing, ultimately achieving an intelligent upgrade of the equipment.

[0056] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the IoT gateway 200 also includes a data analysis and decision support module 203 and a data management module 204. The data analysis and decision support module 203 is used for tunnel operation status assessment, safety management decision support, operation data statistical analysis, and special topic decision support.

[0057] The data management module 204 is used to manage basic information, electromechanical equipment status, system logs, alarm records, tunneling progress, scheduling records, receiving and sending key instructions, personnel health status, and telephone recordings within the tunnel.

[0058] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the data analysis and decision support module 203 processes and analyzes the data detected by wireless cameras, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, gas sensors, force and deformation sensors, humidity sensors, smoke sensors, displacement sensors, chemical sensors, and inertial sensors inside the tunnel, and generates corresponding signals that are transmitted to the information display device installed inside the tunnel for display, so that passing vehicles, personnel, project managers, tunnel designers, and equipment manufacturers can view the data; at the same time, the data is transmitted to the monitoring platform 300 through the network fusion module 202.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, the data acquisition module 102 is also used to detect information on passing vehicles and traffic flow in the tunnel. The data analysis and auxiliary decision-making module 203 processes and analyzes the detected data and generates corresponding signals. The generated signals are transmitted to the monitoring platform 300 through the network fusion module 202.

[0060] The data acquisition module 102 is also used to control the opening or closing of the lighting equipment set in the tunnel according to the light intensity information inside and outside the tunnel and to detect the tunnel light intensity data. The data analysis and auxiliary decision-making module 203 processes and analyzes the data detected by the data acquisition module 102 and generates corresponding signals, which are then transmitted to the monitoring platform 300 through the network fusion module 202.

[0061] A wireless camera is used to identify pedestrians entering the tunnel and inside the tunnel. The location identification module 103 locates the pedestrian's position information, and the linkage processor 201 receives and analyzes the pedestrian's position information, the information of vehicles passing through the tunnel, and the status information of the tunnel-specific equipment. Based on the analysis data results, the processor sends warning information to the information display device set up in the tunnel to locate the tunnel equipment and pedestrians in real time, so as to ensure tunnel safety by providing real-time information on pedestrians and tunnels.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the positioning and identification module 103 includes an in-tunnel positioning unit 1031 and an out-of-tunnel positioning unit 1032. The out-of-tunnel positioning unit 1032 uses the positioning network composed of satellites and base stations in the network fusion module 202 to determine the location of equipment operating in the area outside the tunnel according to a preset positioning algorithm.

[0063] The tunnel positioning unit 1031 uses the UWB positioning network in the network fusion module 202 to locate equipment and personnel inside the tunnel.

[0064] The monitoring platform 300 is used to send network switching commands to the linkage processor 201 based on the uploaded environmental information inside and outside the tunnel. The linkage processor 201 controls the network switching of the network fusion module 202 according to the network switching commands to realize intelligent positioning inside and outside the tunnel.

[0065] Understandably, the constantly shifting nature of tunnel construction areas makes it difficult for fixed-point wall-mounted base stations to provide continuous coverage of the construction zone. This invention will utilize a vehicle-mounted network for the tunnel boring machine and a long-distance network bridge as its architecture, combined with the main construction equipment, to research dynamically movable network coverage technology. This will achieve network-as-vehicle movement and vehicle-network integration, thereby reducing the cost and maintenance difficulty of tunnel communication.

[0066] Because tunnel construction equipment comes from various manufacturers—including drilling and blasting equipment, transportation equipment, and lining equipment—communication access is multi-source and multi-protocol. Access to these devices requires the tunnel's wireless network to support multiple communication standards. For example, video equipment needs high bandwidth, construction equipment requires low latency, and while discrete sensors and measuring instruments have low data transmission volumes, their power supply is complex. By utilizing multiple wireless access technologies such as WiFi and 4G, and employing distributed systems and full-band antennas compatible with different frequency bands, some hardware devices can be shared, enabling access for multi-source, multi-protocol terminals and high-quality wireless transmission. Furthermore, wireless interference within the tunnel cannot be ignored. Walkie-talkies, motors, wireless remote controls, and other devices generate strong wireless signals. Signals on the same frequency band will interfere with each other, severely degrading communication quality and causing phenomena such as insufficient signal strength despite full bars. Wireless frequency scanning is used to assess wireless interference within the tunnel and avoid highly interfering frequency bands. More detailed channel division of wireless signals on the same frequency band is then implemented to achieve high-quality coexistence of multiple wireless systems.

[0067] In this embodiment of the invention, the positioning and identification module 1031, in terms of the positioning network within the entire tunnel system, mainly comprises two parts: in-tunnel positioning and out-of-tunnel positioning. The out-of-tunnel part typically employs BeiDou global satellite positioning technology to locate various equipment such as locomotives and transport vehicles in the area outside the tunnel. However, the accuracy of satellite positioning is limited, requiring the supplementary algorithm to determine the habitual location. The in-tunnel part uses higher-precision UWB indoor positioning technology to achieve accurate positioning of equipment, personnel, and key materials within the tunnel, and serves as the underlying technical support for equipment linkage. The two positioning technologies are integrated to construct an in-tunnel and out-of-tunnel positioning system suitable for tunnel construction. Through computer and database analysis, all data inside and outside the tunnel is used for positioning, and network switching is performed at the receiving end to achieve target positioning.

[0068] Furthermore, the user terminal 301 may include an LED large screen display, a mobile terminal device, a wearable device, and a PC device.

[0069] The system described in this invention boasts superior performance, strong anti-interference capabilities, and is secure, stable, and reliable. It features automatic monitoring, proactive alarms, automatic reporting, and system logs, enabling access and network configuration for various devices. Piloted in tunnel construction scenarios, it facilitates remote technical support, maintenance, and expert consultation, shortening technical service response times, reducing travel, time, and personnel costs, and improving efficiency in on-site scheduling, maintenance, and tunneling. This lays the foundation for unmanned and minimally staffed tunnel construction. Through the combination of "tunnel wireless network + smart gateway + IoT platform" within the tunnel, it can quickly adapt to various application scenarios, thereby extending its application from tunnel construction to other construction equipment and engineering projects.

[0070] In summary, this invention enables the connection of various devices within a tunnel, forming paired or integrated systems. For example, after one device completes its operation, it shares the collected information or location data with the next device in the process, allowing the next device to use this data for measurement and operation. Many devices can be integrated into a single system, such as the loading and unloading of concrete at a concrete mixing plant, pump truck, and wet spraying rig; the integration of a total station and a three-arm drilling rig; and the integration of transport vehicles and excavators. It also addresses the access of various types of wireless terminals. The converged network adopts the principle of shared transmission and independent radio frequency, integrating WLAN, Zigbee, UWB positioning, and other technologies into a single, multi-network overlapping coverage, frequency-band differentiated tunnel-specific IoT access network.

[0071] The smart construction site tunnel construction IoT and linkage system of this invention solves the problem of network layer converged network access and automatic or semi-automated construction throughout the tunnel construction process, realizes orderly linkage between people and equipment, and between equipment, improves the efficiency of construction site scheduling, maintenance, tunneling and other aspects, and reduces the time of process connection.

[0072] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0073] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0074] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction Internet of Things and linkage system for a smart construction site, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a tunnel monitoring system based on internet of things, which comprises a monitoring terminal, an internet of things gateway and a monitoring platform. The monitoring terminal comprises tunnel special equipment, a data acquisition module and a positioning identification module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire tunnel environment data and data of the tunnel special equipment. The positioning identification module is used to acquire position information of the tunnel special equipment and the data acquisition module. The internet of things gateway is provided with a linkage processor and a network fusion module. The linkage processor is used to receive the acquired data and position information and perform data analysis and judgment. According to the data judgment result, the monitoring terminal that needs to generate linkage is determined, and multiple linkage instructions are generated. The monitoring terminal that needs to generate linkage receives the multiple linkage instructions and starts to perform linkage work. The network fusion module is used to enable communication among the monitoring terminal, the internet of things gateway and the monitoring platform through multiple wireless networks. The monitoring platform comprises a user terminal. The user terminal is used to acquire data of the monitoring terminal and monitor the data. According to the data result of monitoring, a control instruction is generated. The control instruction is sent to the linkage processor through the network fusion module to remotely operate the work of the monitoring terminal. The tunnel special equipment comprises multiple kinds of shield machines and post supporting equipment instruments, drill and blast equipment, horizontal transportation equipment, lining equipment, mud circulation devices, pipe changing devices, mortar mixing, air cylinder cranes and secondary air fans. The data acquisition module comprises multiple kinds of PLC equipment, CAN bus, wireless cameras, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, gas sensors, force and deformation sensors, humidity sensors, smoke sensors, displacement sensors, chemical sensors and inertial sensors. Each shield machine and post supporting equipment instrument, drill and blast equipment, horizontal transportation equipment and lining equipment is equipped with a corresponding positioning identification module and is connected to the network fusion module. The internet of things gateway further comprises a data analysis and auxiliary decision module and a data management module. The data analysis and auxiliary decision module is used to evaluate tunnel operation state, support safety management decision, statistically analyze operation data and support special decision. The data management module is used to manage basic information in tunnel management, mechanical and electrical equipment state, system log, alarm record, tunneling progress, dispatching record, received and sent key instructions, personnel physical condition and telephone recording. The data analysis and auxiliary decision module processes and analyzes data detected by the wireless cameras, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, gas sensors, force and deformation sensors, humidity sensors, smoke sensors, displacement sensors, chemical sensors and inertial sensors in the tunnel and generates corresponding signals to be transmitted to information display devices arranged in the tunnel for corresponding display, so that vehicles, personnel, project managers, tunnel designers and equipment manufacturers in the tunnel can check. Meanwhile, the signals are transmitted to the monitoring platform through the network fusion module. The data acquisition module is further configured to detect information of vehicles passing through the tunnel and traffic information, and a data analysis and auxiliary decision module processes and analyzes the detected data and generates corresponding signals, which are transmitted to the monitoring platform through the network fusion module. The data acquisition module is further configured to control the opening or closing of the lighting device arranged in the tunnel according to the light intensity information inside and outside the tunnel, and detect tunnel light intensity data, and the data analysis and auxiliary decision module processes and analyzes the data detected by the data acquisition module and generates corresponding signals, which are transmitted to the monitoring platform through the network fusion module. The wireless camera is configured to identify pedestrians, dangerous behaviors and dangerous areas entering the tunnel entrance and the tunnel, and a positioning recognition module is configured to position the position information of the pedestrians, and the linkage processor is configured to receive and analyze the position information of the pedestrians, information of vehicles passing through the tunnel and state information of tunnel special equipment, and issue warning information to an information display device arranged in the tunnel according to the analysis result, so as to position the tunnel equipment and the position information of the pedestrians in real time, and enable the pedestrians to obtain tunnel information in real time to ensure the safety of the tunnel.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The network produced by the network fusion module includes multiple types of communication networks such as WiFi, 4G, 5G, zigbee, UWB and WLAN; the network fusion module is configured to provide corresponding networks for communication of the tunnel special equipment according to network interface information of the tunnel special equipment; the network fusion module is further configured to exclude wireless interference information generated in the tunnel by wireless frequency sweeping, avoid interference frequency band signals, divide channels of multiple types for the same frequency band wireless signals, and realize common transmission of multiple wireless network communications according to the divided channels.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein, The positioning recognition module includes an in-hole positioning unit and an out-of-hole positioning unit, the out-of-hole positioning unit uses a positioning network composed of satellites and reference stations in the network fusion module to realize position determination of the running equipment in the out-of-hole area according to a preset positioning algorithm; The in-hole positioning unit uses a UWB positioning network in the network fusion module to realize positioning of the equipment and personnel in the tunnel hole; The monitoring platform is configured to issue a network switching instruction to the linkage processor according to the uploaded environmental information in the tunnel hole and the out-of-hole area, and the linkage processor controls network switching of the network fusion module according to the network switching instruction to realize intelligent positioning in the tunnel hole and the out-of-hole area.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein, The wireless camera is correspondingly added at a preset position of the tunnel according to requirements, and the wireless camera is configured to obtain power in real time from a power supply module in the tunnel hole and perform real-time dynamic monitoring through a wireless network.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein, The gas sensor is configured to monitor H2S, CO2, CO, O2 and CH4 gases in the tunnel hole in real time.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein, The user terminal includes an LED large screen display, a mobile terminal device, a wearable device and a PC device.

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