Elastic intramedullary nail closed extractor

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of minimally invasive orthopedic surgical instruments, and particularly relates to an elastic intramedullary nail closed extractor; it includes a trephine sleeve and an extrusion screw. One side opening of the trephine sleeve serves as the extrusion screw inlet, and the other side opening serves as the intramedullary nail inlet. A hole is opened on the barrel wall near the intramedullary nail inlet side. The inner wall of the trephine sleeve is engraved with a first thread, and the first thread extends from the hole side to the extrusion screw inlet side. The extrusion screw is engraved with a second thread. After the extrusion screw enters the trephine sleeve, it is screwed with the trephine sleeve. The advancing end of the extrusion screw is the head, and the screwing-out end is the tail. The head of the extrusion screw can extend into the range of the hole for cooperating with the hole mouth to block the intramedullary nail, and a structure for bearing torque is arranged at the tail of the extrusion screw; the structure of the present invention is simple, the clinical operation is convenient, and the surgical process is simple. The elastic intramedullary nail can be taken out through a small incision, avoiding the disadvantages of large surgical incisions, long surgical time, and difficult extraction when using the existing flat-nose pliers to clamp the short-tail elastic intramedullary nail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of minimally invasive orthopedic surgical instruments, and particularly relates to an elastic intramedullary nail closed extractor. Background Art

[0002] Long bone fractures are a common type of pediatric fractures. Elastic intramedullary nails have the characteristics of small iatrogenic trauma, convenient surgical operation, satisfactory fracture reduction, firm fixation, fast fracture healing, and short hospital stay. Therefore, this technique has become the preferred method for pediatric orthopedic surgeons to treat pediatric long bone fractures. After fracture healing, the traditional method of removing the nail is to use a flat head forceps to pull out the elastic intramedullary nail. The following problems exist in the operation process: For example: (1) According to the width of the flat head forceps, the surgical incision often needs to be extended on the basis of the original incision, expanding the postoperative surgical scar. Even under the irritation of the flat head forceps, subcutaneous fat liquefaction may be caused, inducing incision infection and increasing iatrogenic trauma in children; (2), the head end of the flat head forceps is relatively thick. When the exposed tail end of the elastic intramedullary nail is short or buried by bone, it is often impossible to directly clamp the tail end of the intramedullary nail. It is necessary to use a long nose forceps to pull out the intramedullary nail from the bone shaft for a certain distance before it can be used, which is time-consuming and laborious, increasing the removal steps and prolonging the operation time; (3) For some intramedullary nails with too long indwelling time or too thick intramedullary nails, the resistance during removal is large. It is difficult for the surgeon to pull out with "brute force", often feeling pain and numbness in the arm, affecting the operation of the surgeon and increasing the operation time.

[0003] As an orthopedic surgeon, the inventor is troubled by the above problems during the operation. After consulting relevant materials, no technical means that can completely solve the above problems has been found; a kind of intramedullary nail clamping device disclosed in the invention with the publication number of CN214805299U is essentially a clamping forceps in a transformed form. Only increasing the clamping force of the "forceps" structure cannot easily pull out the intramedullary nail; and the cross-section of the intramedullary nail is circular. When pulling in the form of "clamping", the "forceps" is easy to break away from the intramedullary nail. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problems of time-consuming, laborious and large surgical trauma when using existing instruments to remove elastic intramedullary nails.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: An elastic intramedullary nail closed extractor, comprising a trephine sleeve and an extrusion screw. One side opening of the trephine sleeve serves as the extrusion screw inlet, and the other side opening serves as the intramedullary nail inlet. A hole is opened on the barrel wall close to the intramedullary nail inlet side, and the hole penetrates the barrel wall. The inner wall of the trephine sleeve is engraved with a first thread, and the first thread extends from the hole side to the extrusion screw inlet side. The extrusion screw is engraved with a second thread. After the extrusion screw enters the trephine sleeve, it is screwed with the trephine sleeve. The advancing end of the extrusion screw is the head, and the exiting end is the tail. The head of the extrusion screw can extend into the range of the hole for cooperating with the hole mouth to block the intramedullary nail, and a structure for bearing torque is provided at the tail of the extrusion screw.

[0006] Furthermore, serrations are provided at the intramedullary needle inlet of the trephine sleeve.

[0007] Furthermore, it further includes a handle, and the extrusion screw inlet end of the trephine sleeve can be connected to the handle.

[0008] Furthermore, external threads are engraved on the outer wall of the extrusion screw inlet end of the trephine sleeve, the handle is a T-shaped handle, and the trephine sleeve is threadedly connected to the T-shaped handle.

[0009] Furthermore, it further includes a sledgehammer, which includes a hammer head and a hammer handle, and a groove is provided on the hammer head for straddling the trephine sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, it further includes a pulling hook, which includes a hook body and a hook handle. The width of the hook body is smaller than the inner diameter of the trephine sleeve, and the hook handle can send the hook body from the extrusion screw inlet of the trephine sleeve to below the hole.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0012] The structure of the present invention is simple, the clinical operation is convenient, and the surgical process is simple. The elastic intramedullary nail can be taken out through a small incision, avoiding the disadvantages of large surgical incisions, long surgical time, and difficult extraction when using existing flat-nose pliers to clamp the short-tail elastic intramedullary nail. It is a progress of minimally invasive surgery in orthopedic medical technology and has excellent popularization and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the trephine sleeve.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the extrusion screw.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pulling hook.

[0017] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of Step 2.

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of Step 2.

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of Step 3.

[0020] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of Step 4.

[0021] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of Step 4.

[0022] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the elastic intramedullary nail.

[0023] In the figure: 1 - trephine sleeve; 1.1 - extrusion screw inlet; 1.2 - intramedullary nail inlet; 1.3 - hole; 1.4 - first thread; 2 - extrusion screw; 2.1 - second thread; 3 - handle; 4 - sliding hammer; 5 - elastic intramedullary nail; 6 - long bone; 7 - extraction hook; 7.1 - hook body; 7.2 - hook handle. Specific embodiments

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown: An elastic intramedullary nail closed extractor includes a trephine sleeve 1 and an extrusion screw 2. One side opening of the trephine sleeve 1 serves as the extrusion screw inlet 1.1, and the other side opening serves as the intramedullary nail inlet 1.2. A hole 1.3 is opened on the barrel wall close to the intramedullary nail inlet 1.2 side. The hole 1.3 is a circular hole, and can also be an elliptical hole or other shapes, and the hole 1.3 penetrates the barrel wall. The inner wall of the trephine sleeve 1 is engraved with a first thread 1.4, and the first thread 1.4 extends from the hole 1.3 side to the extrusion screw inlet 1.1 side, that is, the first thread 1.4 is provided within the range of the hole 1.3 and above (upward from the extrusion screw inlet 1.1). The extrusion screw 2 is engraved with a second thread 2.1. After the extrusion screw 2 enters the trephine sleeve, it is screwed with the trephine sleeve 1 (the first thread 1.4 and the second thread 2.1 cooperate). The advancing end of the extrusion screw 2 is the head, and the exiting end is the tail. The head of the extrusion screw 2 can extend into the range of the hole for cooperation with the hole opening to block the intramedullary nail. The tail of the extrusion screw 2 is provided with a structure for bearing torque. Specifically, the tail of the extrusion screw 2 is provided with a slotted head, a Phillips head or an internal hexagonal socket.

[0026] The intramedullary nail inlet 1.2 of the trephine sleeve 1 is provided with sawteeth for drilling the bone cortex and pushing the rotated and broken bone cortex into the medullary cavity.

[0027] As Figure 4 shown: It further includes an extraction hook 7. The extraction hook 7 includes a hook body 7.1 and a hook handle 7.2. The width of the hook body 7.1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the trephine sleeve 1. The hook handle 7.2 can send the hook body 7.1 from the extrusion screw inlet 1.1 of the trephine sleeve 1 to below the hole 1.3. The extraction hook 7 extends into the trephine sleeve 1 to push against the bone cortex, and when the elastic intramedullary nail deviates from the hole of the trephine sleeve 1, the extraction hook 7 is used to hook the tail end of the elastic intramedullary nail into the hole.

[0028] It further includes a handle 3, and the extrusion screw inlet end of the trephine sleeve 1 can be connected to the handle 3. The outer wall of the extrusion screw inlet end of the trephine sleeve 1 is engraved with a third thread 1.5, the handle 3 is a T-shaped handle, and the trephine sleeve 1 is threadedly connected to the T-shaped handle.

[0029] It further includes a sliding hammer 4, which includes a hammer head and a hammer handle, and a groove is formed on the hammer head for riding on the trephine sleeve.

[0030] The steps of using the elastic intramedullary nail closed extractor of this embodiment to extract the elastic intramedullary nail are as follows:

[0031] 1. Position the end of the elastic intramedullary nail under C-arm fluoroscopy, and mark the position of the end of the elastic intramedullary nail on the skin with a marker pen.

[0032] 2. As Figure 5 、 Figure 6 shown: Make a small incision at the position of the end of the elastic intramedullary nail determined by the marked point to expose the end of the elastic intramedullary nail, put the trephine sleeve on the outside of the end of the elastic intramedullary nail, adjust the lateral opening direction of the trephine sleeve to be basically the same as the direction of the end of the elastic intramedullary nail, and slowly rotate the trephine sleeve left and right to drill the cortical bone around the end of the elastic intramedullary nail. During the drilling process, the lateral opening direction of the trephine sleeve is always basically the same as the direction of the end of the elastic intramedullary nail, so that the end of the elastic intramedullary nail can smoothly pass through the hole and drill out of the trephine sleeve;

[0033] Use a hook to push the rotated cortical bone into the medullary cavity, so that the end of the elastic intramedullary nail is fully exposed and easy to drill out of the trephine sleeve. During this process, the hook can assist the end of the elastic intramedullary nail to find the direction.

[0034] 3. As Figure 7 shown: After the end of the elastic intramedullary nail drills out from the lateral opening of the trephine sleeve, use a screwdriver to screw the extrusion screw into the trephine sleeve to squeeze and fix the elastic intramedullary nail.

[0035] 4. As Figure 8 、 Figure 9 shown: Install the T-shaped handle on the trephine sleeve, and the sliding hammer reciprocates to strike the T-shaped handle to take out the elastic intramedullary nail.

[0036] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An elastic intramedullary nail closed extractor, characterized in that: It includes a trephine sleeve (1) and an extrusion screw (2). One side opening of the trephine sleeve (1) serves as the extrusion screw inlet (1.1), and the other side opening serves as the intramedullary nail inlet (1.2). A hole (1.3) is opened on the barrel wall close to the intramedullary nail inlet (1.2) side. The hole (1.3) penetrates the barrel wall. The inner wall of the trephine sleeve (1) is engraved with a first thread (1.4). The first thread (1.4) extends from the hole (1.3) side to the extrusion screw inlet (1.1) side. The extrusion screw (2) is engraved with a second thread (2.1). After the extrusion screw (2) enters the trephine sleeve, it is screwed with the trephine sleeve (1). The advancing end of the extrusion screw (2) is the head, and the retreating end is the tail. The head of the extrusion screw (2) can extend into the range of the hole for cooperation with the hole opening to block the intramedullary nail. The tail of the extrusion screw (2) is provided with a structure for bearing torque; The intramedullary nail inlet (1.2) of the trephine sleeve (1) is provided with sawteeth; It further includes a handle (3). The extrusion screw inlet end of the trephine sleeve (1) can be connected to the handle (3); It further includes a sledgehammer (4). The sledgehammer (4) includes a hammer head and a hammer handle. A groove is opened on the hammer head for straddling the trephine sleeve.

2. The elastic intramedullary nail closed extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the extrusion screw inlet end of the trephine sleeve (1) is engraved with a third thread (1.5). The handle (3) is a T-shaped handle. The trephine sleeve (1) is threadedly connected to the T-shaped handle.

3. The elastic intramedullary nail closed extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a hook (7). The hook (7) includes a hook body (7.1) and a hook handle (7.2). The width of the hook body (7.1) is smaller than the inner diameter of the trephine sleeve (1). The hook handle (7.2) can send the hook body (7.1) from the extrusion screw inlet (1.1) of the trephine sleeve (1) to below the hole (1.3).

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