New type of pumped storage power station upper reservoir full seepage prevention system

Abstract

This invention provides a novel reservoir-wide seepage prevention system for a pumped-storage power station. The system includes a reservoir basin, reservoir banks, and a seepage prevention structure. The seepage prevention structure includes a geotextile layer, a quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer, a toe slab, another geotextile layer, and a top layer. The geotextile layer is laid on top of the reservoir banks and basin, and a quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer is sprayed onto the top of the geotextile layer. The toe slab is positioned on top of the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer, and a quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer is sprayed onto the top of the toe slab. Another geotextile layer is laid on top of the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer on the toe slab. The top layer is placed on top of the other geotextile layer. This technical solution utilizes multiple layers of geotextile and multiple layers of quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layers in combination, achieving full reservoir seepage prevention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering seepage prevention technology, specifically to a novel seepage prevention system for the entire upper reservoir of a pumped storage power station. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy and society, the number of water conservancy projects is also constantly increasing. Their main functions in actual production and daily life include hydropower generation, water storage, flood control, and drought relief. However, to ensure that water conservancy projects can fulfill their functions, it is essential to ensure proper seepage prevention. Seepage problems in reservoir water conservancy projects can seriously threaten the normal operation of the reservoir, shorten the service life of the project, pose hidden dangers to overall safety and stability, and may even induce accidents. Therefore, implementing seepage prevention measures for reservoir water conservancy projects is extremely important.

[0003] Currently, most of the water conservancy projects in my country's reservoirs were built many years ago. Due to limitations in technology and funding at the time, many of these projects have developed seepage problems, posing a threat to people's lives and property. Therefore, it is necessary to implement seepage prevention technology to ensure the stability and reliability of water conservancy projects, fully utilize their functions, and benefit the people.

[0004] Existing methods for seepage prevention in water conservancy projects mainly involve grouting and anti-seepage wall technology, with gaps filled with a layer of plastic waterproof sealant. However, these methods are not very effective at preventing seepage at the connection between the reservoir basin and the bank, and there is a risk of leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel seepage prevention system for the entire upper reservoir of a pumped storage power station, in order to solve the problem that the existing reservoir basin and bank connection is not effective in preventing seepage and poses a risk of leakage.

[0006] The novel seepage prevention system for the upper reservoir of a pumped storage power station provided by this invention includes:

[0007] Reservoir basin, reservoir banks, and seepage prevention structures;

[0008] The reservoir basin is constructed at the bottom of the reservoir, and the reservoir banks are constructed around the reservoir. The seepage prevention structure is installed on the reservoir banks and the reservoir basin.

[0009] The seepage-proof structure includes: a geotextile layer, a quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage-proof layer, a toe plate, another geotextile layer, and a top layer;

[0010] The geotextile layer is laid on top of the reservoir bank and the reservoir basin. A quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer is sprayed on top of the geotextile layer. The toe plate is set on top of the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer and covers the reservoir bank and the transition area between the reservoir basin and the reservoir bank. The quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer is sprayed on top of the toe plate. Another geotextile layer is laid on top of the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer on top of the toe plate. The topcoat layer is placed on top of the other geotextile layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the cover layer is made of stone slag and fly ash, and the cover layer is located in the transition area between the reservoir bank and the reservoir basin.

[0012] Furthermore, a fine aggregate concrete protective layer is poured above the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer on the reservoir basin, and the fine aggregate concrete protective layer is located in the area between the toe plates.

[0013] Furthermore, the reservoir bank includes a foundation layer, a cushion layer, and a transition layer;

[0014] The base layer is made by laying one layer of asphalt and one layer of sand and gravel, compacting them, and then laying another layer of asphalt and one layer of sand and gravel and compacting them. The base layer is located below the geotextile layer on the bank of the reservoir.

[0015] The subbase layer is laid below the base layer and is made of stones with a maximum outer diameter of 80 mm or less.

[0016] The transition layer is laid below the subbase area and is made of stones with a maximum outer diameter of 300 mm or less.

[0017] Furthermore, the reservoir banks are divided into reservoir banks in the main rockfill area or reservoir banks in the mountain rock mass area, depending on the terrain of the construction location.

[0018] The main rockfill area reservoir bank is constructed in a flat terrain location. The base layer of the main rockfill area reservoir bank is a rockfill layer, which is made up of stones with a maximum outer diameter of less than or equal to 800 mm. The transition layer is located above the rockfill layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the reservoir bank in the mountain rock mass area is constructed on the side of the mountain. The reservoir bank in the mountain rock mass area is constructed with a concrete layer, a sand layer and a gravel layer laid sequentially from bottom to top on the side wall of the mountain. The transition layer is located above the gravel layer.

[0020] Furthermore, the sand layer is composed of particles with a particle size of 0.2-2 mm.

[0021] Furthermore, the gravel layer is composed of gravel blocks with a diameter of 2-20 mm.

[0022] Furthermore, a grouting curtain is provided at the bottom of the reservoir basin, which is formed by drilling holes around the reservoir basin and grouting.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention by adopting the above technical solution are:

[0024] In the technical solution of this application, the seepage prevention structure includes: a geotextile layer, a quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer, a toe plate, another geotextile layer, and a top layer;

[0025] The system comprises several layers: a geotextile layer laid on top of the reservoir bank and the reservoir basin; a quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer sprayed on top of the geotextile layer; a toe plate placed on top of the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer, covering the reservoir bank and the transition area between the reservoir basin and the bank; another quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer sprayed on top of the toe plate; and a topcoat layer placed on top of the other geotextile layer. This combined use of multiple layers of geotextile and quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating provides comprehensive seepage prevention for the entire reservoir. Particularly effective is the use of the toe plate and topcoat layer in the transition area between the reservoir bank and the bottom, where the geotextile and quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating layers are integrated. This significantly improves the seepage prevention in the transition area, resolving the problem of poor seepage prevention and leakage risks at the connection between the reservoir basin and the bank.

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the novel pumped storage power station upper reservoir seepage prevention system provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion at point A;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of section B;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the reservoir bank structure in the mountain rock mass area of ​​the novel pumped storage power station upper reservoir seepage prevention system provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main rockfill area bank structure of the novel pumped storage power station upper reservoir seepage prevention system provided by the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 11-fine stone concrete protective layer, 12-grouting curtain, 21-reinforced concrete panel, 22-plastic waterproof sealant, 23-foundation layer, 24-subbase area, 25-transition layer, 26-rockfill layer, 27-concrete layer, 28-sand layer, 29-gravel layer, 31-geotextile layer, 32-quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer, 33-toe slab, 35-another geotextile layer, 36-overburden layer. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] This application provides a novel seepage prevention system for the entire upper reservoir of a pumped storage power station, which can significantly improve the overall seepage prevention effect of the reservoir.

[0038] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the new pumped storage power station's upper reservoir seepage prevention system includes: the reservoir basin, the reservoir bank, and the seepage prevention structure;

[0039] The reservoir has a basin at the bottom and banks around its perimeter. Anti-seepage structures are installed on the banks and basin to provide comprehensive anti-seepage protection.

[0040] The seepage prevention structure includes: a geotextile layer 31, a quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer 32, a toe plate 33, another geotextile layer 35, and a top layer 36.

[0041] The geotextile layer 31 is laid on the reservoir bank and above the reservoir basin. A quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer 32 is sprayed on the top of the geotextile layer 31. The toe plate 33 is made of reinforced concrete and is set on the top of the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer 32. The toe plate 33 covers the reservoir bank and the transition area between the reservoir basin and the reservoir bank.

[0042] Another layer of quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer 32 is sprayed on the top of the toe plate 33, and another geotextile layer 35 is laid on the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer 32 on the top of the toe plate 33. The cover layer 36 is laid on top of the other geotextile layer 35.

[0043] In the technical solution of this application, the seepage-proof layer of the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating can be a sprayed quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating topcoat provided in patent number 202110082867.6. More specifically, by weight, the sprayed quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating topcoat includes at least: 5 to 30 parts of pearlescent pigment, 70 to 200 parts of resin, 1 to 3 parts of film-forming aid, 0.3 to 1 part of defoamer, 1 to 3 parts of thixotropic agent, 1 to 3 parts of coupling agent, 3 to 6 parts of dispersant and 1 to 3 parts of leveling agent.

[0044] This waterproof coating offers several advantages: it eliminates the need for overlapping seams, preventing water seepage caused by seams; it provides perfect coverage, solving waterproofing challenges for irregularly shaped structures; it withstands harsh, exposed environments with a wide range of high and low temperature resistance and ozone aging resistance; it resists fatigue deformation with exponentially higher crack and fatigue resistance; and it addresses the challenges of seasonal changes and winter frost expansion with superior freeze-thaw resistance and temperature variation resistance.

[0045] In practical applications, reservoirs store large amounts of water, and seepage is prone to occur on the reservoir banks, the reservoir basin, and the transition area between the banks and the basin. In the technical solution of this application, another geotextile layer 35 combined with a quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage-proof layer 32 serves as the first layer of waterproofing structure, providing seepage prevention and isolation. The stone slag and fly ash cover 36 then serves to fix the other geotextile layer 35 in the transition area.

[0046] Considering the potential degradation of the first-layer waterproofing structure's seepage prevention effect due to material aging or other factors over long-term use, in this embodiment, the geotextile layer 31, combined with the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer 32, serves as a second-layer waterproofing structure. This waterproof coating exhibits excellent adhesion to the substrate, ensuring full adhesion between the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer and the water-facing surface of the subsequent structure, thus completely resolving the issue of water seepage between the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer and the structural layer. The gaps between the geotextile layer 31 and the toe slab 33 are fully bonded to prevent water leakage at the contact surfaces. By employing this dual seepage prevention structure, the seepage prevention effect of the reservoir banks and basin, as well as the transition area, surpasses the reservoir's seepage prevention requirements.

[0047] In the specific technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4-5 As shown, both the reservoir banks and the reservoir basin are covered with geotextile layers 31, and a quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating anti-seepage layer 32 is sprayed on top of the geotextile layers 31. Because the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating anti-seepage layer 32 has excellent waterproofing properties, the combined use of the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating anti-seepage layer 32 and the geotextile layer 31 meets the anti-seepage requirements of the reservoir banks and the reservoir basin.

[0048] In the specific technical solution of the present invention, the toe plate 33 needs to be constructed in multiple stages on the bank of the reservoir during the actual construction process. As a result, there are several gaps in the toe plate 33 formed by multiple constructions, and the gaps are filled with plastic waterproof sealant 22.

[0049] In a specific technical solution of this invention embodiment, a fine stone concrete protective layer 11 is poured above the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer 32 located on the reservoir basin, and the fine stone concrete protective layer is located in the area between the toe slabs.

[0050] The fine stone concrete protective layer 11 protects the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer 32 and the geotextile layer 31 of the reservoir basin, thereby ensuring excellent seepage prevention effect.

[0051] In the specific technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4-5 As shown, the upper surface of the reinforced concrete panel 21, located between the lowest drawdown level 41 of the reservoir bank and the seepage prevention structure, is sprayed with a quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer 32.

[0052] In a specific technical solution of an embodiment of the present invention, the reservoir bank includes a foundation layer 23, a cushion layer 24, and a transition layer 25;

[0053] The base layer 23 is made by rolling a layer of asphalt and a layer of sand and gravel, and then laying another layer of asphalt and a layer of sand and gravel and rolling it. The base layer 23 is laid below the geotextile layer 31 on the bank of the reservoir.

[0054] The subbase layer 24 is laid below the base layer 23 and is made of stones with a maximum outer diameter of 80 mm or less.

[0055] The transition layer 25 is laid below the subbase area 24 and is made of stones with a maximum outer diameter of 300 mm or less.

[0056] Specifically, heated asphalt can be used as an oil-based adhesive. After heating the asphalt, a layer of gravel is laid on top, and then the gravel is compacted into the asphalt to form a whole. Another layer of asphalt and another layer of gravel are laid, and then compacted again to form the base layer 23. The base layer 23 is simpler, more economical, more efficient, and safer than conventional roller-compacted mortar slope protection construction, avoiding structural defects such as panel cracking that are easily caused by conventional roller-compacted mortar slope protection construction.

[0057] The cushion layer 24 contains a filter material to prevent the loss of coarse and fine particles from the reservoir bank. The function of the cushion layer 24 is to prevent adverse seepage deformations such as piping and soil erosion on the reservoir bank.

[0058] The foundation layer 24 has poor adhesion and is at risk of sliding and falling off. The transition layer 25 uses stones with a larger outer diameter than those in the foundation layer 24, which allows the foundation layer 24 to adhere firmly and makes the reservoir bank more stable.

[0059] In the specific technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, reservoir banks can be divided into main rockfill areas or mountain rock areas, depending on the terrain at the construction location.

[0060] The main rockfill area reservoir bank is built on a flat terrain. The base layer of the main rockfill area reservoir bank is rockfill layer 26, which is made of stones with a maximum outer diameter of less than or equal to 800 mm.

[0061] Rockfill layer 26 is the main rockfill area of ​​the reservoir bank, mainly composed of relatively large-sized boulders that bear the pressure and thrust of water, while also containing some fine materials, thus compacting the rockfill layer 26. Rockfill layer 26 makes the reservoir bank more stable.

[0062] In the specific technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the reservoir bank in the mountain rock mass area is constructed on the side of the mountain. The reservoir bank in the mountain rock mass area has a concrete layer 27, a sand layer 28 and a crushed stone layer 29 laid sequentially on the side wall of the mountain.

[0063] The concrete layer 27 reinforces the surface of the mountain rock mass, preventing the falling of gravel from the surface of the mountain rock mass and affecting the safety of the reservoir bank in the mountain rock mass area. The sand layer 28 and the gravel layer 29 serve as the base layer of the reservoir bank in the mountain rock mass area, acting as an isolation for the mountain and increasing the adhesion of the mountain to the transition layer 25, making the reservoir bank in the mountain rock mass area more stable.

[0064] In a specific technical solution of this invention embodiment, a grouting curtain 12 is provided in the reservoir basin, which is formed by drilling holes around the bottom of the reservoir basin and grouting.

[0065] The grouting curtain 12 is formed by injecting grout into the cracks and voids of rock or soil layers to create a continuous water-blocking curtain.

[0066] Specifically, the drilling and grouting of the grouting curtain 12 is carried out in a gradually denser sequence according to the design. For curtains with two or more rows of holes, the downstream row is usually drilled and grouted first, followed by the upstream row, and finally the middle row. This reduces seepage flow and lowers seepage pressure.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. These modifications, substitutions, or combinations do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of full reservoir anti-seepage system for the upper reservoir of a pumped storage power station, characterized in that, include: Reservoir basin, reservoir banks, and seepage prevention structures; The reservoir basin is constructed at the bottom of the reservoir, and the reservoir banks are constructed around the reservoir. The seepage prevention structure is installed on the reservoir banks and the reservoir basin. The seepage-proof structure includes: a geotextile layer, a quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage-proof layer, a toe slab, and a top layer; The geotextile layer is laid on top of the reservoir bank and the reservoir basin. A quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer is sprayed on top of the geotextile layer. The toe plate is set on top of the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer and covers the reservoir bank and the transition area between the reservoir basin and the reservoir bank. The quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer is sprayed on top of the toe plate. Another geotextile layer is laid on top of the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer on top of the toe plate. The topcoat layer is placed on top of the other geotextile layer. The cover layer is made of stone slag and fly ash, and the cover layer is located in the transition area between the reservoir bank and the reservoir basin. A fine stone concrete protective layer is poured above the quick-setting rubber asphalt waterproof coating seepage prevention layer on the reservoir basin, and the fine stone concrete protective layer is located in the area between the toe plates. The reservoir bank includes a foundation layer, a cushion layer, and a transition layer; The base layer is made by laying one layer of asphalt and one layer of sand and gravel, compacting them, and then laying another layer of asphalt and one layer of sand and gravel and compacting them. The base layer is located below the geotextile layer on the bank of the reservoir. The subbase layer is laid below the base layer and is made of stones with a maximum outer diameter of 80 mm or less. The transition layer is laid below the subbase area, and the transition layer is made of stones with a maximum outer diameter of 300 mm or less. The reservoir banks are divided into either main rockfill areas or mountain rock areas, depending on the terrain at the construction location. The main rockfill area reservoir bank is constructed in a flat terrain location. The base layer of the main rockfill area reservoir bank is a rockfill layer, which is made of stones with a maximum outer diameter of less than or equal to 800 mm. The transition layer is located above the rockfill layer. The reservoir bank in the mountain rock mass area is constructed on the side of the mountain. The reservoir bank in the mountain rock mass area is laid with a concrete layer, a sand layer and a gravel layer from bottom to top on the side wall of the mountain. The transition layer is located above the gravel layer.

2. The new pumped storage power station upper reservoir full reservoir anti-seepage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand layer consists of particles with a diameter of 0.2-2 mm.

3. The novel pumped storage power station upper reservoir seepage prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gravel layer consists of gravel blocks with a diameter of 2-20 mm.

4. The novel pumped storage power station upper reservoir seepage prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the reservoir basin is equipped with a grouting curtain, which is formed by drilling holes around the reservoir basin and grouting.

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