A regional ecological network identification optimization method, system, device and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a regional ecological network identification optimization method, system and device and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing ecological space division on a region to be researched; extracting ecological source sites according to the ecological spaces obtained by the division and grading the ecological source sites; obtaining ecological corridors according to the ecological source sites and grading the ecological corridors; obtaining ecological strategic points according to the ecological source sites and the ecological corridors; constructing a topology of an ecological network and analyzing stability characteristics of the ecological network; taking the ecological source sites as surfaces, taking the ecological corridors as lines, taking the ecological strategic points as points, and combining the stability characteristics of the constructed ecological network to obtain a final comprehensive ecological network. The application constructs a more perfect comprehensive ecological network of'source site-corridor-strategic point-stability', has a very strong comprehensive multi-target ecological system service function, a more perfect morphological structure and dynamic stability against destruction, and can be widely applied to the technical field of ecological planning and management.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological planning and management, and particularly relates to a regional ecological network identification optimization method, system, device and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ecosystem services reflect the functions of an ecosystem. Through comprehensive quantitative mapping of ecosystem service analysis, scientifically based recommendations can be provided for the development of regional protection policies and management practices. Scientifically and accurately identifying regional ecological networks is an important way to effectively understand regional potential biological migration, energy flow, and connection of important habitat patches. Focusing on the identification of regional ecological networks is also one of the methods of scientific exploration for the overall protection and construction of regional ecology. Ecological networks consider the integrity of the ecosystem, the continuity of geographical units, and the sustainability of social development, and are also one of the important tasks under the current land space planning background.

[0003] The traditional ecological network identification and construction system is relatively mature, and has formed a basic construction paradigm of "determining ecological sources - establishing ecological resistance surface - selecting ecological corridor". With the update of science and technology, the models available for selection in the specific identification process are also constantly updated, but most of them identify ecological networks from single landscape pattern elements and do not focus on the functionality of the network.

[0004] On the other hand, under the development of landscape ecology, ecological networks link the relationship between ecological processes and functions in ecological space, and incorporate ecosystem services into the connotation of ecological network construction and identification, which is consistent with the important research paradigm of "pattern-process-function" in landscape ecology. The identification system of ecological networks does not stop at the traditional source and corridor basic elements, and the introduction of circuit theory and complex network theory also provides a new way for further optimization of the ecological network identification system, but the ecological network identification under the integration of multiple disciplines is still in further exploration. As can be seen, the existing ecological network identification technology is insufficient, on the one hand, it lacks the quantitative incorporation of ecosystem service functions into the traditional identification from single form structure, and on the other hand, new research theories are introduced in each link of the identification process, but a more perfect system than the traditional "source-corridor" basic ecological network has not been formed. SUMMARY

[0005] To at least partially solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a regional ecological network identification optimization method, system, device and storage medium.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0007] A regional ecological network identification optimization method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] According to the multi-scenario ecosystem service function superposition surface optimization result, ecological space of the to-be-researched region is divided to obtain important ecological space, general ecological space and non-ecological space;

[0009] According to the morphological spatial pattern analysis of the ecological space obtained by division, ecological sources are extracted, and the ecological sources are classified;

[0010] According to the ecological sources, ecological corridors are obtained, and the ecological corridors are classified;

[0011] According to the ecological sources and the ecological corridors, ecological strategic points are obtained, and the ecological strategic points are classified;

[0012] The topology of the ecological network is constructed, and the stability characteristics of the ecological network are analyzed;

[0013] The ecological sources are taken as surfaces, the ecological corridors are taken as lines, the ecological strategic points are taken as points, and the constructed stability characteristics of the ecological network are combined to obtain a final comprehensive ecological network.

[0014] Further, the ecological space of the to-be-researched region is divided, including:

[0015] The to-be-researched region is obtained, and according to the environmental characteristics and main ecological problems of the to-be-researched region, ecosystem services and quantitative indicators closely related to the to-be-researched region are selected;

[0016] Each item of ecosystem service is normalized to obtain a regional spatial distribution contributing to each type of ecosystem service;

[0017] By setting different ecosystem service weight scenarios of the basic weighting interval, the face optimization calculation of the GeoSOS model is performed, the face optimization results of all ecosystem service weight superposition scenarios under the basic weighting interval are raster superimposed, the frequency of the raster in the region being classified as ecological space in all scenarios is taken as the basis for classification of the importance of ecological space, and the to-be-researched region is divided into important ecological space, general ecological space and non-ecological space.

[0018] Further, the ecological sources are extracted from the divided ecological space, and the ecological sources are classified, including:

[0019] According to the morphological spatial pattern analysis of the obtained important ecological space and general ecological space, the core area in the important ecological space is extracted as an important ecological source of the regional ecological network, and the core area in the general ecological space is extracted as a general ecological source of the regional ecological network.

[0020] Further, the ecological corridors are obtained from the ecological sources, and the ecological corridors are classified, including:

[0021] According to the obtained important ecological sources and general ecological sources, different land use type basic resistance values are set, and the ecological resistance surface is obtained by combining night light intensity correction;

[0022] The ecological sources and the ecological resistance surface are input into Linkage Mapper software, the ecological flow channels for species migration and diffusion are identified, the minimum cost distance path is obtained by simulating the ecological flow through the ecological resistance surface, the ecological source in the connection region is mapped out according to the important grade of the ecological source connected by the corridor, and the important ecological corridor and the general ecological corridor are divided according to the important grade of the ecological source connected by the corridor.

[0023] Further, the ecological strategic points are obtained according to the ecological sources and the ecological corridors, and the ecological strategic points are graded, including:

[0024] According to the obtained two-level ecological sources and two-level ecological corridors, the Circuitscape plug-in is called through the Linkage Mapper software toolbox linkage, the ecological pinch points and the ecological barrier points that can effectively improve the connectivity of the network are identified through the Pinchpoint Mapper and the Barrier Mapper two modules respectively, and the ecological barrier points and the ecological pinch points are taken as the ecological strategic points of the network based on the important degree of the ecological corridor.

[0025] Further, the topology of the ecological network is constructed, and the stability characteristics of the ecological network are analyzed, including:

[0026] Based on the complex network theory, the ecological sources in the ecological network are abstractly regarded as the nodes of the network, the ecological corridors are regarded as the edges between the nodes, and the network analysis tool Pajek software is used to generate and analyze the network, the maximum connected subgraph number and the global efficiency value continuous change process of the network after the nodes are continuously removed under the two destruction scenarios of random attack and deliberate attack are obtained through iterative calculation, and the stability characteristics of the ecological network are analyzed.

[0027] Further, the ecological sources are taken as surfaces, the ecological corridors are taken as lines, the ecological strategic points are taken as points, and the final comprehensive ecological network is obtained by combining the stability characteristics of the constructed ecological network, including:

[0028] The final comprehensive ecological network is obtained by combining the spatial layout of the three elements of the importance degree classification of the surfaces, lines and points composed of the ecological sources, the ecological corridors and the ecological strategic points, and the regional ecological network composite system of the overall stability cognition.

[0029] Another technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0030] An area ecological network identification optimization system comprises:

[0031] An ecological space division module is configured to divide ecological spaces in a region to be studied to obtain important ecological spaces, general ecological spaces and non-ecological spaces.

[0032] An ecological source site grading module is configured to extract ecological source sites according to the ecological spaces obtained by division and grade the ecological source sites.

[0033] An ecological corridor grading module is configured to obtain ecological corridors according to the ecological source sites and grade the ecological corridors.

[0034] An ecological strategic point identification grading module is configured to obtain ecological strategic points according to the ecological source sites and the ecological corridors and grade the ecological strategic points.

[0035] An ecological network construction module is configured to construct a topology of an ecological network and analyze stability characteristics of the ecological network.

[0036] A comprehensive network generation module is configured to take the ecological source sites as surfaces, take the ecological corridors as lines, take the ecological strategic points as points, and obtain a final comprehensive ecological network in combination with the stability characteristics of the constructed ecological network.

[0037] Another technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0038] An area ecological network identification optimization device comprises:

[0039] At least one processor;

[0040] At least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0041] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the above method.

[0042] Another technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0043] A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a processor-executable program is stored, and the processor-executable program is used to execute the above method when executed by a processor.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the present application further supplements the original ecological network identification process method and system construction, and constructs a more perfect comprehensive ecological network of "source area-corridor-strategic point-stability", which is a spatial layout of three elements of importance degree classification interweaving of ecological source area, ecological corridor and ecological strategic point, and a regional ecological network composite system of overall stability cognition and organic combination, and has strong comprehensive multi-target ecological system service function, more perfect morphological structure and dynamic stability against destruction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following introduces the drawings of the related technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art. It should be understood that the drawings in the following introduction are only for the convenience of clearly describing part of the embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a regional ecological network identification optimization method based on ecosystem service evaluation in the embodiments of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 is a spatial distribution map of each single ecosystem service function evaluation obtained in the embodiments of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 is an ecological space distribution result map of all face optimization scenarios of ecological system service multi-scenario target-oriented obtained in the embodiments of the present application;

[0049] Figure 4 is an ecological space classification map obtained by superimposing the face optimization results of the ecological system service multi-scenario target-oriented obtained in the embodiments of the present application;

[0050] Figure 5 is an optimized ecological network stability measurement map obtained in the embodiments of the present application;

[0051] Figure 6 is an optimized ecological network "source area-corridor-strategic point" spatial layout map obtained by superimposing in the embodiments of the present application;

[0052] Figure 7 is a step flowchart of a regional ecological network identification optimization method in the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar components are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. The embodiments described below are exemplary only, and are used only for the purpose of explaining the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the present application. For the step numbers in the following embodiments, they are only set for the convenience of setting out the description, and any limitation is not made on the order between the steps, and the execution order of each step in the embodiments can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0054] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation description, such as the orientation or position relationship indicated by the up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0055] In the description of the present application, the meaning of several is one or more, and the meaning of multiple is two or more. Greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as not including the number, and above, below, etc. are understood as including the number. If it is described as first, second, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the order of indicated technical features.

[0056] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0057] As Figure 7As shown, the embodiment provides a regional ecological network identification optimization method, first determines the regional main ecosystem service evaluation index, respectively through the corresponding module of InVEST software single quantitative calculation, selects the comprehensive calculation method of unified each item ecosystem service dimension, through the surface optimization module in GeoSOS software, the ecosystem service evaluation result is as the suitability analysis factor in the module, the regional ecological space distribution is obtained by combining the module compactness analysis;Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) analysis is carried out by using GuidosToolBox software, the core area in the high ecosystem service importance hierarchical ecological space is extracted as the regional ecological source and the importance is graded;the potential ecological corridor of the region is identified and graded by using Linkage Mapper software, and the various sources are connected, and the hierarchical "source-corridor" basic potential ecological network considering function and morphological structure is formed;then, the regional ecological network is further optimized, the high connection area "ecological pinch point" and the obstacle area "ecological obstacle point" are extracted as ecological strategic points by using Linkage Mapper combined with circuit theory, and the pattern of point-shaped level in the ecological network is refined;finally, based on the robustness analysis in the complex network theory, the network topology of the spatial ecological network is extracted by using Pajek software, the stability index calculation under different attack scenarios is carried out by using R language programming software, the overall stability characteristics of the ecological network are analyzed, and the "source-corridor-strategic point-stability" ecological network identification system after the optimization of the basic network is developed, which provides a scientific and quantitative method and system for protecting and optimizing the regional ecological function and pattern.The steps of the method are scientific, universal and replicable, and are suitable for the quantitative evaluation of the importance of ecological protection and the identification of the priority area of ecological protection in any region under a specific time frame, and provide a theoretical basis and technical support for ecological protection zoning decision and ecological management.The method comprises the following steps:

[0058] S1, the ecological space of the region to be studied is divided, and important ecological space, general ecological space and non-ecological space are obtained.

[0059] First, select the study area, according to the environmental characteristics and main ecological problems of the region, select the specific ecosystem service function closely related to it, the corresponding quantitative index and calculation method. Normalize each ecosystem service to get the spatial distribution of the region that contributes significantly to each type of ecosystem service from the supply angle. Through the setting of different ecosystem service weight scenarios of equal basic weighting interval, the face optimization calculation of GeoSOS model is carried out, the face optimization results of all ecosystem service weight superposition scenarios under the basic weighting interval are raster superimposed, and the frequency of the grid in the region being classified as ecological space in all scenarios is taken as the basis for grading the importance of ecological space. The ecological space of the study area is divided into three levels: important ecological space, general ecological space and non-ecological space. In this embodiment, considering the time cost and calculation effect, 0.25 is selected as the basic weighting interval. It should be noted that in order to achieve higher precision, a smaller basic difference value can be set, such as 0.2, 0.1; By setting a certain minimum unit interval, all weight superposition scenarios under the interval are calculated. The smaller the basic interval, the more superposition scenarios.

[0060] It should be noted here that the extraction of ecological space based on ecosystem service in this step is not simply equal-weight superposition, but face optimization results under the guidance of multiple scenario objectives are superimposed to obtain the spatial distribution of the main contribution area of regional comprehensive ecosystem service, and the frequency of the grid in the region being classified as ecological space in all scenarios is taken as the basis for grading the importance of ecological space.

[0061] As an optional implementation, step S1 specifically comprises: first selecting a study area, selecting specific ecosystem services closely related to the study area according to the ecosystem characteristics, main influencing factors of the ecological environment and core ecological problems faced by the area, as well as relevant literature induction and policy interpretation, corresponding quantitative indicators and calculation methods. Normalize the calculation results of each item of ecosystem services, and the value range of the normalized results is 0-1. The level of each index is evaluated to obtain the spatial distribution of the area that has outstanding contribution to each type of ecosystem service from the supply angle. By setting different ecosystem service weight superposition coefficients of the same basic weighting interval, a multi-ecosystem service target-oriented scenario is represented, and the GeoSoS model surface optimization calculation of all superposition scenarios under the basic weighting interval is carried out to obtain the optimal ecological space distribution under different scenario target orientations. All surface optimization results are raster superimposed, and the frequency of the grid being classified as ecological space in all scenarios is used as the basis for classifying the importance of ecological space. The more the frequency appears, the higher the comprehensive ecosystem service level of the grid, and the more important it is. In all scenarios, the grid that is not classified as ecological space is non-ecological space. That is, the ecological space of the study area is divided into three levels: important ecological space, general ecological space and non-ecological space, and thus the ecological space distribution with high ecosystem service level in the region is extracted. The standardization processing method of the ecosystem service is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, N i represents the normalized value of grid i, X i represents the actual value of the ecosystem service of grid i, X min represents the minimum value in the actual value range of the study area, X max represents the maximum value in the actual value range of the study area. The normalized ecosystem service is used as the main evaluation basis for extracting the ecological space classification.

[0064] S2, extract ecological source based on the ecological space obtained by the division, and classify the ecological source.

[0065] According to the important ecological space obtained by step S1 and the general ecological space of the adjacent built-up area, a morphological spatial pattern analysis is performed, the core area in the important ecological space is extracted as an important ecological source of the regional ecological network, and the core area in the general ecological space is extracted as a general ecological source of the regional ecological network. Thus, through steps S1 and S2, the ecological patches with high ecosystem service level and high connectivity core area are extracted as the ecological source of the region, and the importance of the ecological source is classified.

[0066] As an optional implementation, step S2 specifically comprises: performing morphological spatial pattern analysis according to the important ecological space obtained in step S1 and the general ecological space of the adjacent concentrated built-up area; to reduce the fragmentation of the ecological source, the core area with an area less than 1 km 2 is excluded when the core area in the important ecological space is extracted as the important ecological source of the regional ecological network, and the core area of the general ecological space adjacent to the concentrated built-up area is extracted as the general ecological source of the regional ecological network.

[0067] S3, obtaining an ecological corridor according to the ecological source, and grading the ecological corridor.

[0068] According to the important ecological source and the general ecological source obtained in step S2, different land use type basic resistance values are set to obtain an ecological resistance surface by combining the night light intensity correction, the ecological source and the ecological resistance surface are input into the LinkageMapper software, the ecological flow channel of species migration and diffusion is identified, the minimum cost distance path is obtained by simulating the ecological flow flowing through the ecological resistance surface, the ecological corridor connecting the ecological sources in the region is mapped, and the important ecological corridor and the general ecological corridor are classified according to the importance level of the ecological source connected by the corridor.

[0069] As an optional implementation, step S3 specifically comprises: according to the important ecological source and the general ecological source obtained in step S2, different land use type basic resistance values (the high and low setting of the resistance value in this step is relative and not an absolute value, and the minimum resistance is recommended to be 1 and the maximum resistance is at least 100) are set to obtain an ecological resistance surface by combining the night light intensity correction, the ecological source obtained in step S2 and the corrected ecological resistance surface are input into the Build Network and Map Linkages tool box module of the Linkage Mapper software, the ecological flow channel of species migration and diffusion is identified, the minimum cost distance path connecting the ecological sources in the region is obtained by simulating the ecological flow flowing through the ecological resistance surface, the ecological corridor connecting the ecological sources in the region is mapped, and the important ecological corridor and the general ecological corridor are classified according to the importance level of the ecological source connected by the corridor. Thus, the potential ecological corridor connecting the region with outstanding contribution to regional ecosystem services is extracted, and the importance of the ecological corridor is graded.

[0070] S4, obtaining an ecological strategic point according to the ecological source and the ecological corridor, and grading the ecological strategic point.

[0071] According to the two-stage ecological source and the two-stage ecological corridor obtained in steps S2 and S3, the Linkage Mapper software toolbox is used to call the Circuitscape plug-in, the ecological pinch points and the ecological barrier points that can effectively improve the connectivity of the network are identified through the Pinchpoint Mapper and the Barrier Mapper modules respectively, and the ecological strategic points are obtained based on the importance of the ecological corridor.

[0072] S5, topology of the ecological network is constructed, and stability characteristics of the ecological network are analyzed.

[0073] Based on the complex network theory, the ecological source in the ecological network can be abstractly regarded as a node (vertex) that emits edges, and the ecological corridor can be regarded as a line (edge) that connects the nodes, and then the network is generated and analyzed by importing the Pajek software, and the maximum connected subgraph number and the global efficiency value of the network under the random attack and the deliberate attack are obtained by iterative calculation through the R language programming software, so that the stability characteristics of the ecological network are analyzed.

[0074] S6, the ecological source is regarded as a surface, the ecological corridor is regarded as a line, the ecological strategic point is regarded as a point, and the final comprehensive ecological network is obtained based on the stability characteristics of the constructed ecological network.

[0075] Based on the steps S2, S3 and S4, the surface, the line and the point composed of the ecological source, the ecological corridor and the ecological strategic point are obtained, and the regional ecological network complex system is obtained based on the spatial layout of the important degree classification of the three elements and the overall stability cognition. Finally, the comprehensive ecological network of “source-corridor-strategic point-stability” is obtained, which is more optimized than the traditional ecological network identification level system.

[0076] The above method is explained and described in detail in combination with the drawings and specific descriptions.

[0077] In this embodiment, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is selected as the research area, and the regional ecological network identification and optimization method based on ecosystem service evaluation is used, as shown in Figure 1 , including the following steps:

[0078] Step one, ecological space classification extraction based on multi-scenario target-oriented surface optimization of ecosystem services.

[0079] Firstly, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area was confirmed as the study area. According to the characteristics of the regional ecosystem, the main influencing factors of the ecological environment and the core ecological problems faced by the region, as well as the relevant regional ecosystem service research literature induction and policy interpretation of the "Guidelines for the Delimitation of Ecological Protection Red Lines" and "National Ecological Function Regionalization", the specific ecosystem services closely related to the region were selected as biodiversity maintenance, climate regulation, water conservation and soil conservation. Through the selection of the corresponding modules in the InVEST model of ecosystem services and transaction comprehensive evaluation, the levels of the four ecosystem services were quantified respectively. The data required and specific application indicators are shown in Table 1, and the calculation method of the corresponding module in the InVEST model is shown in Table 2. The "maximum-minimum" normalization standard processing method was used, as shown in formula 1. The results of the evaluation of different ecosystem service indicators were mapped to the range of 0-1 through calculation and processing in ArcGIS:

[0080]

[0081] In which, N i represents the normalized value of grid i, X i represents the actual value of grid i of the ecosystem service, X min represents the minimum value in the actual value range of the study area, X max represents the maximum value in the actual value range of the study area.

[0082] The results of each index were evaluated to obtain the spatial distribution of regions that made outstanding contributions to each type of ecosystem service from the supply perspective, as shown in Figure 2 The four ecosystem service indicators were used as ecological suitability input factors in the GeoSOS surface optimization module. Based on a basic weight difference of 0.25, all weight superposition scenarios of the four ecosystem services under this difference were developed to obtain the ecosystem service supply targets under 29 different weight scenarios as the optimization target superposition function, as shown in Table 2. Surface optimization was performed under 29 scenarios to obtain the optimal ecological space delimitation results of different scenario targets, achieving the extraction of spatial distribution of ecological space under different ecosystem service oriented guidance, as shown in Figure 3The raster overlay of all the facet optimization results was performed to rank the ecological space importance in the region based on the frequency of the raster being designated as ecological space in all scenarios, to maximize the comprehensive ecosystem service benefits, and to rank the importance of the ecological space in the study area. The more the frequency, the more the raster is extracted as ecological space under the orientation of various ecosystem services, and the higher the comprehensive ecosystem service level of the raster, the more important it is. The less the frequency, the lower the comprehensive ecosystem service level of the raster in the regional ecological space. The raster that is not designated as ecological space in all scenarios is non-ecological space. That is, the ecological space in the study area is divided into three levels: important ecological space, general ecological space and non-ecological space, as shown in Figure 4 The important ecological space and general ecological space are important basis for the extraction of ecological source in the Greater Bay Area, which clarifies the multiple ecosystem service function utility of the ecological source.

[0083] Table 1 Data sources and application indicators

[0084]

[0085] Table 2 Ecosystem service evaluation indicators and methods

[0086]

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] Table 3 Overlay weight under the target orientation of 29 different ecosystem service optimization scenarios

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] Step two, extract the core area of important ecological space and part of general ecological space as ecological source based on morphological spatial pattern analysis.

[0093] The important ecological space obtained in step 1 and the general ecological space of the concentrated built-up area in the adjacent area were reclassified through Arcgis. The ecological space was set as the foreground raster and the remaining non-ecological space was set as the background raster to obtain a binary raster image. The image was imported into Guidos Toolbox (GTB) software for morphological spatial pattern analysis. The foreground raster was divided into seven categories according to its morphological characteristics through image processing. The core area is a large patch in the foreground pixel, which provides a complete habitat or migration destination for organisms. It is the "source" of various ecological processes and the ecological source in the ecological network. In order to reduce the fragmentation of the ecological source, when extracting the classified core area as the ecological source, the area less than 1km was used. 2 By removing independent patches, we extracted core areas in important ecological spaces as important ecological sources of the regional ecological network, and core areas in general ecological spaces as general ecological sources of the regional ecological network. Through steps one and two, we extracted ecological patches that possessed both high functional comprehensive ecosystem service levels and optimized morphological core areas with high aggregation and connectivity as regional ecological sources, and graded their importance.

[0094] Step 3: Identification and classification of ecological corridors based on Linkage Mapper.

[0095] Based on the important ecological sources and general ecological sources obtained in step three, basic resistance values ​​were set for different land use types in the Greater Bay Area (the resistance values ​​in this step are relative, not absolute, with a recommended minimum resistance of 1 and a maximum resistance of at least 100). Combined with the correction for the nighttime light intensity in the Greater Bay Area, an ecological resistance surface was generated. The Greater Bay Area ecological sources obtained in step two and the corrected Greater Bay Area ecological resistance surface were input into the Build Network and Map Linkages toolbox module of the Linkage Mapper software to simulate ecological flow pathways for species migration and diffusion. By simulating ecological flows through the ecological resistance surface, the minimum cost distance path was obtained, mapping the ecological sources within the ecological corridor connection area. Corridors were classified into important ecological corridors and general ecological corridors based on their importance in connecting to ecological sources. Ecological corridors connecting important ecological sources are related to energy flow and material exchange between regions with high levels of comprehensive ecosystem services and are therefore classified as important ecological corridors. Similarly, general ecological corridors were classified accordingly. This approach identified potential ecological corridors connecting regions with significant contributions to regional ecosystem services and graded their importance.

[0096] Step 4: Classification, identification, and grading of ecological strategic points along the ecological corridor based on Circuitscape

[0097] According to the two-level ecological sources and the two-level ecological corridors obtained in steps two and three, the Linkage Mapper software toolbox is used to call the Circuitscape plug-in by using circuit theory. The PinchpointMapper and Barrier Mapper modules are used to identify the ecological pinch points and the ecological barrier points that can effectively improve the connectivity of the network. Based on the importance of the ecological corridors, the ecological strategic points are classified. The ecological strategic points located in important ecological corridors are related to the relative efficiency and difficulty of energy flow and material exchange in the ecological corridors. Therefore, the ecological strategic points are classified as important ecological pinch points and important ecological barrier points. Similarly, the ecological strategic points are classified as general ecological pinch points and general ecological barrier points. The above-identified barrier points and pinch points are used as the ecological strategic points of the network. The classified and important ecological strategic points of the Greater Bay Area are obtained.

[0098] Step five, topological extraction and stability measurement of ecological network based on complex network theory

[0099] Based on complex network theory, the ecological sources in the Greater Bay Area network are abstracted as nodes that emit edges, and the ecological corridors are abstracted as edges that connect the nodes. The topological extraction is performed, and the Pajek software is used to generate a topological analysis network of the Greater Bay Area. Based on the stability analysis of the robust model, the R language programming software is used to perform iterative calculation. The network stability measurement index is obtained under the conditions of random attack and deliberate attack, i.e., the continuous change process of the maximum connected subgraph number and the global efficiency value. The overall stability characteristics of the ecological network of the Greater Bay Area are analyzed, as shown in Figure 5 .

[0100] Step six, generation of comprehensive ecological network of "source-corridor-strategic point-stability" in the study area

[0101] Based on steps two, three, and four, the spatial layout of the three elements of ecological sources, ecological corridors, and ecological strategic points is obtained, as shown in Figure 6 . The overall stability cognition is combined with the ecological network complex system of the Greater Bay Area. Finally, the "source-corridor-strategic point-stability" comprehensive ecological network system of the Greater Bay Area is obtained, which is more optimized than the traditional identification level system of the ecological network.

[0102] In summary, the present embodiment has the following advantages and beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0103] (1) The invention couples the ecological function and morphological pattern to the identification process of traditional ecological network and optimizes the construction hierarchy system. First, through the quantitative results of ecosystem service assessment, the spatial distribution of high contribution to regional ecosystem services is understood, the specific quantitative results are included in the initial identification step of the ecological network, and the extraction of ecological space is more in-depth understanding of the background of regional ecological function. Through the optimization calculation of different ecosystem service weight scenarios set by equal interval, the calculation results of all possible criteria weights under the setting of weighted interval are superimposed. This method effectively avoids the problem of ignoring the relative importance between various indicators of ecosystem services to determine the criteria weight in the prior art. In the specific use of the method, the superimposed scenarios can also be limited according to the specific circumstances of the region. The extraction of the ecological system service importance concentrated protection priority area under different scenarios avoids the problem of too much subjective component in the decision-making results of the previous subjective weighting method or direct equal weighting superposition. At the same time, it provides intuitive and visual ecosystem service optimization multi-objective oriented ecological space extraction results under different decision weight coefficient scenarios for decision makers, which helps to improve the level of ecological management decision-making. At the same time, the frequency of being classified as ecological space in all scenarios is proposed as the basis for classifying the importance of ecological space. Various types of ecosystem services with different dimensions are integrated into a classifiable index, and the spatial priority is divided into three levels: important ecological space, general ecological space and non-ecological space. The importance of ecological space has been quantified and classified, which provides a basis for the importance classification of ecological sources, ecological corridors and ecological strategic points in the subsequent ecological planning and management, and embodies the principle of ecological priority. It provides valuable technical guidance for the decision-making of multi-scenario classification of natural resources management and ecological protection in ecological planning and management.

[0104] (2) Traditional ecological network identification only identifies ecological networks from the two-level system of "source-corridor". On this basis, the present invention further supplements the original ecological network identification process method and system construction by exploring the quantitative identification of ecological strategic points and ecological network stability in the ecological network, and constructs a more complete "source-corridor-strategic point-stability" comprehensive ecological network, which constructs a spatial layout of the three elements of ecological source, ecological corridor and ecological strategic point with hierarchical importance and interweaving, and a regional ecological network complex system with overall stability cognition and organic combination, which has a strong comprehensive multi-objective ecosystem service function, a more complete morphological structure and dynamic stability to resist destruction. At the same time, the steps of the present invention are scientific, universal and replicable. The data processing and spatial analysis involved in the process can be achieved through InVEST, ArcGIS, GeoSOS, Guidos Toolbox, Linkage Mapper, Circuitscape, Pajek and R language programming software that are currently widely used in many fields such as ecology, geography, and planning. It is suitable for the scientific quantitative identification and measurement of the ecological spatial importance and ecological network of the study area within a specific time frame in any region, as well as the classified spatial identification and strategy discussion of priority areas for ecological protection and restoration at the overall level.

[0105] This embodiment also provides a regional ecological network identification and optimization system, including:

[0106] The ecological space division module is used to divide the ecological space of the study area and obtain important ecological space, general ecological space and non-ecological space;

[0107] The ecological source classification module is used to extract ecological sources based on the ecological space obtained by division and classify the ecological sources;

[0108] The ecological corridor classification module is used to obtain ecological corridors based on ecological sources and classify them;

[0109] Strategic point identification module, used to obtain ecological strategic points based on ecological source areas and ecological corridors;

[0110] Ecological network construction module, used to construct the topology of the ecological network and analyze the stability characteristics of the ecological network;

[0111] The comprehensive network generation module is used to take the ecological source area as the surface, the ecological corridor as the line, the ecological strategic point as the point, and combine it with the stability characteristics of the constructed ecological network to obtain the final comprehensive ecological network.

[0112] The regional ecological network identification optimization system of the embodiment can execute the regional ecological network identification optimization method provided by the method embodiment of the application, can execute the implementation steps of any combination of the method embodiment, and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the method.

[0113] The embodiment also provides a regional ecological network identification optimization device.

[0114] At least one processor;

[0115] At least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0116] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method as shown in Figure 7 .

[0117] The regional ecological network identification optimization device of the embodiment can execute the regional ecological network identification optimization method provided by the method embodiment of the application, can execute the implementation steps of any combination of the method embodiment, and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the method.

[0118] The embodiment of the application also discloses a computer program product or a computer program, which comprises computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device can read the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the method as shown in Figure 7 .

[0119] The embodiment also provides a storage medium storing instructions or programs that can execute the regional ecological network identification optimization method provided by the method embodiment of the application. When the instructions or programs are executed, the implementation steps of any combination of the method embodiment can be executed, and the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the method are possessed.

[0120] In some alternative embodiments, the functions / operations mentioned in the block diagram can not occur in the order mentioned in the operation diagram. For example, depending on the functions / operations involved, two blocks shown in succession can actually be executed substantially simultaneously or the blocks can sometimes be executed in reverse order. In addition, the embodiments presented and described in the flowcharts of the application are provided by way of example, with the purpose of providing a more comprehensive understanding of the technology. The disclosed method is not limited to the operations and logical flows presented herein. Alternative embodiments are contemplated in which the order of various operations is changed and in which sub-operations described as part of larger operations are independently executed.

[0121] Furthermore, although the present application is described in the context of functional modules, it is to be understood that one or more of the described functions and / or features can be integrated in a single physical device and / or software module, or one or more functions and / or features can be implemented in separate physical devices or software modules. It will also be appreciated that detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is not necessary to an understanding of the application. Rather, the actual implementation of the modules, in combination with their attributes, functions, and internal relationships, are to be understood within the context of the devices disclosed herein. Thus, those skilled in the art with access to patents, scientific journals, and other public sources known by those skilled in the art will be able, using ordinary skill, to practice the application as set forth in the claims without undue experimentation. It is also to be understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative and that the scope of the present application is to be determined by the entire scope of the claims, along with all equivalents of the claims and their equivalents.

[0122] If the functions are implemented in software, the functions can be stored in or implemented as one or more computer program products, which can be incorporated into a computer- readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor- containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In the context of this document, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0123] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts and / or otherwise described herein, for example, can be embodied in non-transitory computer-readable media, which can be executed by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device such as a computer-based system, processor- containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In the context of this document, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0124] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium include the following: an electrical connection (electronic) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium can also be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, for example, via optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted, or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0125] It should be understood that aspects of the application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or combinations thereof. In the above described embodiments, various steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware that is stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any of the following technologies, known in the art, or combinations thereof, can be used: a discrete logic circuit having logic gates for implementing logic functions upon data signals, an application specific integrated circuit having appropriate combinational logic gates, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and / or the like.

[0126] In the above description of the present specification, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment", "another embodiment", or "certain embodiments" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. The illustrative appearances of the above described terms in the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0127] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it would be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made hereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined by the following claims and their equivalents.

[0128] The above is a specific description of the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for identifying and optimizing a regional ecological network, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: ecological space division is performed on the region to be studied to obtain important ecological space, general ecological space and non-ecological space; ecological sources are extracted according to the obtained ecological space, and the ecological sources are classified; ecological corridors are obtained according to the ecological sources, and the ecological corridors are classified; ecological strategic points are obtained according to the ecological sources and the ecological corridors, and the ecological corridors are classified; a topology of the ecological network is constructed, and stability characteristics of the ecological network are analyzed; the ecological sources are taken as surfaces, the ecological corridors are taken as lines, the ecological strategic points are taken as points, and finally, a comprehensive ecological network is obtained in combination with the constructed stability characteristics of the ecological network; the ecological space division performed on the region to be studied comprises: the region to be studied is obtained, and according to the environmental characteristics and main ecological problems of the region to be studied, ecological system services closely related to the region to be studied and quantitative indexes are selected; each ecological system service is normalized to obtain a spatial distribution of regions contributing to each type of ecological system service; through GeoSOS model surface optimization calculation under different ecological system service weight scenarios of a set basic weighting interval, the surface optimization results of all ecological system service weight superposition scenarios under the basic weighting interval are raster superimposed, and the frequency of a grid in the region being classified as ecological space in all scenarios is taken as a classification basis for the importance of the ecological space, so that the ecological space of the region to be studied is divided into three levels of important ecological space, general ecological space and non-ecological space; the ecological corridors are obtained according to the ecological sources, and the ecological corridors are classified, which comprises: different land use type basic resistance values are set according to the obtained important ecological sources and general ecological sources, and an ecological resistance surface is obtained in combination with a night light intensity correction; the ecological sources and the ecological resistance surface are input into Linkage Mapper software to identify ecological flow channels for species migration and diffusion, the minimum cost distance path is obtained by simulating the ecological flow passing through the ecological resistance surface, the ecological corridors connecting the ecological sources in the region are mapped, and the important ecological corridors and the general ecological corridors are classified according to the important levels of the ecological sources connected by the corridors. the topology of the ecological network is constructed, and the stability characteristics of the ecological network are analyzed, which comprises: based on the complex network theory, the ecological sources in the ecological network are abstractly regarded as nodes emitting edges in the network, the ecological corridors are regarded as edges connecting points in the network, the network is generated and analyzed by importing the network analysis tool Pajek software, the maximum connected subgraph number and the global efficiency value continuous change process of the network after nodes are continuously removed under two destruction scenarios of random attack and deliberate attack are obtained by iterative calculation, and the stability characteristics of the ecological network are analyzed.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, the ecological sources are extracted according to the obtained ecological space, and the ecological sources are classified, which comprises: morphological spatial pattern analysis is performed on the obtained important ecological space and general ecological space, the core area in the important ecological space is extracted as an important ecological source of the regional ecological network, and the core area in the general ecological space is extracted as a general ecological source of the regional ecological network.

3. The regional ecological network identification and optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological strategic points are obtained according to the ecological source and the ecological corridor, and the ecological corridor is graded, and the method comprises the steps of: According to the obtained two-level ecological source and two-level ecological corridor, the Linkage Mapper software toolbox is linked to call the Circuitscape plug-in, the Pinchpoint Mapper and the Barrier Mapper two modules are used to identify the ecological pinch point and the ecological barrier point which can effectively improve the connectivity of the network, and the ecological barrier point and the ecological pinch point are graded as the ecological strategic points of the network based on the importance of the ecological corridor.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The ecological source is taken as a surface, the ecological corridor is taken as a line, the ecological strategic point is taken as a point, and the final comprehensive ecological network is obtained by combining the stability characteristics of the constructed ecological network. The comprehensive ecological network is finally obtained by combining the spatial layout of the three elements of the surface, the line and the point which are graded according to the importance of the ecological source, the ecological corridor and the ecological strategic point, and the regional ecological network composite system which is organically combined with the overall stability cognition. 5.A regional ecological network identification and optimization system, applied to the method of any one of claims 1-4, and characterized in that, The method comprises the steps of: An ecological space division module is used to divide the ecological space of a region to be studied to obtain important ecological space, general ecological space and non-ecological space; An ecological source grading module is used to extract the ecological source according to the ecological space obtained by division, and grade the ecological source; An ecological corridor grading module is used to obtain the ecological corridor according to the ecological source, and grade the ecological corridor; An ecological strategic point grading module is used to obtain the ecological strategic point according to the ecological source and the ecological corridor, and grade the ecological corridor; An ecological network stability cognition module is used to construct the topology of the ecological network and analyze the stability characteristics of the ecological network; A comprehensive ecological network generation module is used to take the ecological source as a surface, the ecological corridor as a line, the ecological strategic point as a point, and obtain the final comprehensive ecological network by combining the stability characteristics of the constructed ecological network.

6. An apparatus for identifying and optimizing a regional ecological network, characterized by The method comprises the steps of: At least one processor; At least one memory for storing at least one program; When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method of any one of claims 1-4.

7. A computer readable storage medium having stored therein a program which is executable by a processor, characterized in that, The program executable by the processor is used to execute the method of any one of claims 1-4 when executed by the processor.

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