A method for culturing large-size juvenile of tridentiger trigonocephalus

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of fish culture, and provides a large-specification Esxoleterus notatus fry culture method. The culture method comprises the following steps: pond pretreatment, fry release, feed feeding, water quality management, and disease prevention and treatment. The culture method is reasonable and simple, overcomes the low survival rate of artificial culture of Esxoleterus notatus in the prior art, is suitable for industrialized production, and has important significance for improving the comprehensive culture benefit of Esxoleterus notatus.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fish culture, and particularly relates to a large-specification Odontobutis obscurus fry cultivation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Odontobutis obscurus belongs to the Odontobutis obscurus of the Perciformes and the Odontobutis of the Trachinoidei and the Odontobutis of the Odontobutidae. It is commonly known as four-in-one, meat flat cone, stupid fish, and so on. It is a small carnivorous fish. Odontobutis obscurus is carnivorous, but its food is mostly small miscellaneous fish and low-value shrimps. Pond rearing can obviously inhibit the proliferation of miscellaneous fish and shrimps in the pond, and is helpful to increase the comprehensive benefits of the pond. Odontobutis obscurus has been classified as a high-grade aquatic product. Before and after the Qingming Festival, the menu is golden, the Odontobutis obscurus is fat and full of seeds, and becomes a unique delicacy on the dining table in the Yangtze River Delta region. It has high content of meat, less thorns, delicious meat, and rich nutrients, including phosphorus, iron, and vitamins. The content of essential amino acids and umami amino acids is higher than that of general fish. It has the effects of nourishing, benefiting bones and intestines, treating water qi, and treating hemorrhoids. Pregnant women and puerpera eat more, which has health care effects. It is known as the five famous spring dishes in the south of the Yangtze River together with snail meat, river shrimps, bamboo shoots, and spring leeks. As a result, people's demand for Odontobutis obscurus is increasing, and the market potential of Odontobutis obscurus is huge. At present, small-specification Odontobutis obscurus fry has a very low survival rate due to natural enemies or single food source. Although the survival rate can be improved by releasing large-specification fry, the effect is not ideal due to improper feeding of feed and immature management technology. Therefore, how to efficiently and normatively cultivate large-specification Odontobutis obscurus fry to improve the comprehensive breeding benefits of Odontobutis obscurus has become a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present application provides a large-specification Odontobutis obscurus fry cultivation method.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present application provides a large-specification Odontobutis obscurus fry cultivation method, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) Pond pretreatment: After the pond is dried, the pond bottom is cleaned, organic fertilizer and disinfectant are applied, water is injected for soaking, the water is drained away after 3-5 days, sand is laid on the pond bottom, and then new water is injected;

[0007] (2) Fry release: Odontobutis obscurus fry is released into the pond;

[0008] (3) Feed feeding: After the fry is released, Artemia and red worms are fed for 6-8 days, and then compound feed and shrimps are fed;

[0009] (4) water quality management: the water temperature is kept at 20-25 DEG C, the pH value is kept at 7.5-8.5, the dissolved oxygen is kept at 4.5 mg / L or more, and the water is changed every 4-6 days after the fry is put in;

[0010] (5) disease prevention: disinfection is carried out every 10-15 days.

[0011] Preferably, the area of the pond in step (1) is 100-130 m 2 , the depth of the pond is 1-1.4 m, and the sunning pond is sunned for 1-2 days on sunny days.

[0012] Preferably, the amount of the organic fertilizer applied in step (1) is 15-20 kg, the organic fertilizer comprises one of matured cow dung, matured chicken dung and matured pig dung, and the amount of the disinfectant applied is 35-40 kg, wherein the disinfectant comprises quicklime.

[0013] Preferably, the water depth of the water soaking in step (1) is 0.9-1.2 m.

[0014] Preferably, the sand is laid to a thickness of 3-5 cm in step (1), and the water depth of the new water injected is 0.9-1.2 m.

[0015] Preferably, the body length of the Badis badis fry in step (2) is 2-5 cm, and the density of the Badis badis fry put in is 12-15 tails / m 2 .

[0016] Preferably, the feeding frequency of the brine shrimp and the red worm in step (3) is 1-2 times per day, the feeding amount of the brine shrimp is 0.4-0.6 kg per time, and the feeding amount of the red worm is 0.3-0.5 kg per time.

[0017] Preferably, the feeding frequency of the compound feed in step (3) is 1-3 times per day, the feeding amount of the compound feed is 2-3 kg per time, the compound feed is mixed by 20-30 parts of corn flour, 15-25 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of meat paste, 8-12 parts of spirulina powder and 6-8 parts of eucommia extract, the shrimp fry is increased after being fed with the compound feed for 15-30 days, the feeding frequency of the shrimp fry is every 2-4 days, and the feeding amount of the shrimp fry is 3-5 kg per time.

[0018] Preferably, the amount of the water changed in step (4) is 1 / 5-1 / 4 of the total water amount.

[0019] Preferably, the disinfection in step (5) refers to applying 20-30 kg of quicklime.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. This invention first involves pond pretreatment. Through reasonable fertilization and disinfection, the reproduction of zooplankton and the removal of harmful bacteria can be effectively ensured. Laying sand can cultivate beneficial bacteria, which is conducive to water purification. Pond pretreatment, together with subsequent water quality management and disease prevention, provides a good and safe growth environment for the cultivation of sand goby.

[0022] 2. In the later stage of seedling release, the present invention adds spirulina powder and eucommia extract to the compound feed. Spirulina powder is extremely rich in nutrients and has the effects of enhancing the immunity, disease resistance and fattening of aquatic animals. The flavonoids, chlorogenic acid and other active substances contained in eucommia extract also have the effects of strengthening immunity and enhancing disease resistance. The two, combined with other feed components of this application, can synergistically ensure the good growth of sand goby fry.

[0023] 3. The breeding method of this invention is reasonable and simple, which can effectively improve the survival rate of sand goby and is suitable for industrial production. It is of great significance to improve the comprehensive breeding benefits of sand goby. Detailed Implementation

[0024] This invention provides a method for cultivating large-sized goby seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0025] (1) Pond pretreatment: After drying the pond, clean the bottom of the pond, apply organic fertilizer and disinfectant, fill with water to soak, drain the water after 3 to 5 days, lay sand on the bottom of the pond, and then fill with fresh water;

[0026] (2) Seedling release: release the sand goby seedlings into the pond;

[0027] (3) Feeding: After the seedlings are released, feed them brine shrimp and red threadworms for the first 6 to 8 days, and then switch to compound feed and shrimp seedlings.

[0028] (4) Water quality management: After the seedlings are released, maintain the water temperature at 20-25℃, the pH value at 7.5-8.5, and the dissolved oxygen at ≥4.5mg / L. Change the water every 4-6 days.

[0029] (5) Disease control: Disinfect every 10 to 15 days.

[0030] In this invention, in step (1), after drying the pond, clean the bottom of the pond, apply organic fertilizer and disinfectant, soak it with water, drain the water after 3 to 5 days, lay sand on the bottom of the pond, and then add new water. More preferably, after drying the pond, clean the bottom of the pond, apply organic fertilizer and disinfectant, soak it with water, drain the water after 4 days, lay sand on the bottom of the pond, and then add new water.

[0031] In this invention, the area of ​​the pond in step (1) is preferably 100-130 m². 2, further preferably 115-125 m 2 , further preferably 120 m 2 ; the depth of the pond is preferably 1-1.4 m, further preferably 1.1-1.3 m, and more preferably 1.2 m; and the sunning pond is preferably sunned for 1-2 days, and further preferably 1.5 days.

[0032] In the present application, the amount of the organic fertilizer applied in step (1) is preferably 15-20 kg, further preferably 16-18 kg, and more preferably 17 kg; the organic fertilizer preferably comprises one of decomposed cow dung, decomposed chicken dung and decomposed pig dung, and further preferably decomposed cow dung; and the amount of the disinfectant applied is preferably 35-40 kg, further preferably 37-39 kg, and more preferably 38 kg; and the disinfectant preferably comprises quicklime.

[0033] In the present application, the water depth of the water soaking in step (1) is preferably 0.9-1.2 m, and further preferably 1 m.

[0034] In the present application, the laying thickness of the sand in step (1) is preferably 3-5 cm, and further preferably 4 cm; and the water depth of the new water injected is preferably 0.9-1.2 m, and further preferably 1 m.

[0035] In the present application, the body length of the Betta Stimpsonii fry in step (2) is preferably 2-5 cm, and further preferably 3 cm; and the feeding density of the Betta Stimpsonii fry is preferably 12-15 pieces / m 2 , and further preferably 14 pieces / m 2 .

[0036] In the present application, the feeding frequency of the Artemia and the Rotifer in step (3) is preferably 1-2 times per day, and further preferably 2 times per day; the feeding amount of the Artemia is preferably 0.4-0.6 kg per time, and further preferably 0.5 kg per time; and the feeding amount of the Rotifer is preferably 0.3-0.5 kg per time, and further preferably 0.4 kg per time.

[0037] In the present application, after the fry is put in step (3), the Artemia and the Rotifer are fed for 6-8 days, and then the compound feed and the shrimp fry are fed, and further preferably the Artemia and the Rotifer are fed for 7 days, and then the compound feed and the shrimp fry are fed.

[0038] In this invention, the compound feed in step (3) is preferably fed 1 to 3 times per day, more preferably 2 times per day; the amount of compound feed is preferably 2 to 3 kg per feeding, more preferably 2.5 kg per feeding; the compound feed is preferably composed of 20 to 30 parts corn flour, 15 to 25 parts wheat bran, 10 to 15 parts minced meat, 8 to 12 parts spirulina powder and 6 to 8 parts Eucommia ulmoides extract, more preferably composed of 25 parts corn flour, 20 parts wheat bran, 13 parts minced meat, 10 parts spirulina powder and 7 parts Eucommia ulmoides extract; the shrimp larvae are preferably fed an additional amount after 15 to 30 days of feeding the compound feed, more preferably after 22 days of feeding the compound feed; the feeding frequency of the shrimp larvae is preferably once every 2 to 4 days, more preferably once every 3 days; the amount of shrimp larvae fed is preferably 3 to 5 kg per feeding, more preferably 4 kg per feeding.

[0039] In this invention, after the seedlings are introduced in step (4), the water temperature is maintained at 20-25℃, the pH value is 7.5-8.5, the dissolved oxygen is ≥4.5mg / L, and the water is changed every 4-6 days. More preferably, after the seedlings are introduced, the water temperature is maintained at 23℃, the pH value is 8, the dissolved oxygen is 6mg / L, and the water is changed every 5 days.

[0040] In this invention, the amount of water replaced in step (4) is preferably 1 / 5 to 1 / 4 of the total water volume, and more preferably 11 / 50 of the total water volume.

[0041] In this invention, disinfection is performed every 10 to 15 days in step (5), and more preferably every 13 days.

[0042] In this invention, the disinfection mentioned in step (5) refers to preferably applying 20-30 kg of quicklime, and more preferably applying 25 kg of quicklime.

[0043] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] (1) Pond pretreatment: A pond with an area of ​​120m² was selected. 2 An open-air pond with a depth of 1.2m is sun-dried for one day on a sunny day. Then, the bottom of the pond is cleaned, 15kg of decomposed chicken manure and 35kg of quicklime are spread, and water is poured in to soak it to a depth of 0.9m. After 3 days, the water is drained, a 3cm thick layer of sand is laid on the bottom of the pond, and then fresh water is poured in to a depth of 0.9m.

[0046] (2) Seedling release: 2cm long sand goby seedlings were released into the pond at a density of 12 seedlings / m².2 ;

[0047] (3) Feeding: After the seedlings are released, feed once a day for the first 6 days, each time feeding 0.4 kg of Artemia and 0.3 kg of Erythrinae. After that, feed twice a day, each time feeding 2 kg of compound feed (made of 20 parts corn flour, 15 parts wheat bran, 10 parts minced meat, 8 parts spirulina powder and 6 parts Eucommia ulmoides extract). After feeding compound feed for 15 days, add shrimp seedlings. The shrimp seedlings are fed once every 2 days, each time feeding 3 kg.

[0048] (4) Water quality management: After the seedlings are released, the water temperature is kept at 20℃, the pH value is 7.5, the dissolved oxygen is 4.5mg / L, and the water is changed every 4 days, with each water change being 1 / 5 of the total water volume;

[0049] (5) Disease control: Apply 20 kg of quicklime every 10 days for disinfection.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] (1) Pond pretreatment: A pond with an area of ​​120m² was selected. 2 An open-air pond with a depth of 1.2m is sun-dried for 1.5 days on a sunny day. Then, the bottom of the pond is cleaned, 17kg of decomposed cow manure and 38kg of quicklime are spread, and water is poured in to soak it to a depth of 1m. After 4 days, the water is drained, a 4cm thick layer of sand is laid on the bottom of the pond, and then new water is poured in to a depth of 1m.

[0052] (2) Seedling release: 3cm long sand goby seedlings were released into the pond at a density of 14 seedlings / m². 2 ;

[0053] (3) Feeding: After the seedlings are released, feed them twice a day for the first 7 days, each time feeding them 0.5 kg of Artemia and 0.4 kg of Erythrinae. After that, feed them twice a day, each time feeding them 2.5 kg of compound feed (made of 25 parts corn flour, 20 parts wheat bran, 13 parts minced meat, 10 parts spirulina powder and 7 parts Eucommia ulmoides extract). After feeding the compound feed for 22 days, add more shrimp seedlings. The shrimp seedlings are fed once every 3 days, each time feeding them 4 kg.

[0054] (4) Water quality management: After the seedlings are released, the water temperature is kept at 23℃, the pH value is 8, and the dissolved oxygen is 6mg / L. The water is changed every 5 days, and the amount of water changed each time is 11 / 50 of the total water volume.

[0055] (5) Disease control: Apply 25 kg of quicklime every 13 days for disinfection.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] (1) Pond pretreatment: A pond with an area of ​​120m² was selected. 2 An open-air pond with a depth of 1.2m is sun-dried for 2 days on a sunny day. Then the bottom of the pond is cleaned, 20kg of decomposed pig manure and 40kg of quicklime are spread, and water is poured in to soak it to a depth of 1.2m. After 5 days, the water is drained, a 5cm thick layer of sand is laid on the bottom of the pond, and then fresh water is poured in to a depth of 1m.

[0058] (2) Seedling release: 5cm long sand goby seedlings were released into the pond at a density of 15 seedlings / m². 2 ;

[0059] (3) Feeding: After the seedlings are released, feed them twice a day for the first 8 days, each time feeding them 0.6 kg of Artemia and 0.5 kg of Erythrinae. After that, feed them three times a day, each time feeding them 3 kg of compound feed (made of 30 parts corn flour, 25 parts wheat bran, 15 parts minced meat, 12 parts spirulina powder and 8 parts Eucommia ulmoides extract). After feeding the compound feed for 30 days, add more shrimp seedlings. The shrimp seedlings are fed once every 4 days, each time feeding them 5 kg.

[0060] (4) Water quality management: After the seedlings are released, the water temperature is kept at 25℃, the pH value is 8.5, the dissolved oxygen is 4.5mg / L, and the water is changed every 6 days, with each water change being 1 / 4 of the total water volume;

[0061] (5) Disease prevention and control: Apply 30 kg of quicklime every 15 days for disinfection.

[0062] Comparative Example 1

[0063] Except for changing the release density in step (2) to "20 fish / m" 2 Apart from that, the remaining steps and parameters are consistent with those in Example 2.

[0064] Comparative Example 2

[0065] Except for changing the compound feed formula in step (3) to "a mixture of 28 parts corn flour, 24 parts wheat bran and 23 parts minced meat", the other steps and parameters are the same as in Example 2.

[0066] Comparative Example 3

[0067] Except for changing the water quality management in step (4) to “keeping the water temperature at 15℃, the pH value at 7, the dissolved oxygen at 4mg / L after the seedlings are released, and changing the water once every 6 days, with each water change being 1 / 6 of the total water volume”, the other steps and parameters are the same as in Example 2.

[0068] Experimental Example 1

[0069] Taking Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-3 as examples, the effects of different cultivation methods on the survival rate of *Cyprinus scutellarioides* were studied. *Cyprinus scutellarioides* seedlings were cultivated according to the cultivation methods in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-3, respectively. After 60 days of cultivation, the final body length and survival rate of the *Cyprinus scutellarioides* were recorded, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0070] Table 1. Effects of different cultivation methods on body length and survival rate of *Syngonium scutellarioides*

[0071] Treatment Body length (cm) Survival rate (%) Example 2 10.8～15.6 94.5 Comparative Example 1 9.2～10.1 87.5 Comparative Example 2 8.5～9.9 83.4 Comparative Example 3 9.8～10.4 82.6

[0072] As shown in Table 1, the breeding method of Example 2 of this invention is superior to that of Comparative Examples 1-3 in terms of both body length and survival rate of the sand goby.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating large-sized goby seedlings, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Pond pretreatment: After drying the pond, clean the bottom of the pond, apply organic fertilizer and disinfectant, soak it with water, drain the water after 3-5 days, lay sand on the bottom of the pond, and then fill it with fresh water; (2) Seedling release: The seedlings of the sand goby are released into the pond; (3) Feeding: After the seedlings are released, feed them brine shrimp and red threadworms for the first 6 to 8 days, and then switch to compound feed and shrimp seedlings. (4) Water quality management: After the seedlings are released, maintain the water temperature at 20~25℃, the pH value at 7.5~8.5, the dissolved oxygen at ≥4.5mg / L, and change the water every 4~6 days; (5) Disease control: Disinfect every 10 to 15 days; In step (3), the compound feed is fed 1-3 times a day, and the amount of compound feed is 2-3 kg / time. The compound feed is made of corn flour, wheat bran, minced meat, spirulina powder and eucommia extract. The shrimp larvae are added after 15-30 days of feeding the compound feed. The shrimp larvae are fed once every 2-4 days, and the amount of shrimp larvae is 3-5 kg / time.

2. The method for cultivating large-sized goby seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area of ​​the pond mentioned in step (1) is 100~130m². 2 The pond is 1 to 1.4 meters deep, and the drying pond is for drying for 1 to 2 days on sunny days.

3. A method for cultivating large-sized goby seedlings according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The amount of organic fertilizer applied in step (1) is 15-20 kg, and the organic fertilizer includes one of decomposed cow manure, decomposed chicken manure and decomposed pig manure. The amount of disinfectant applied is 35-40 kg, and the disinfectant includes quicklime.

4. The method for cultivating large-sized goby seedlings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water depth for immersion in step (1) is 0.9~1.2m.

5. The method for cultivating large-sized goby seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the sand in step (1) is 3-5cm, and the depth of the water to be injected is 0.9-1.2m.

6. The method for cultivating large-sized goby seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The body length of the goby fry mentioned in step (2) is 2-5 cm, and the stocking density of the goby fry is 12-15 fry / m². 2 .

7. The method for cultivating large-sized goby seedlings according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step (3), the feeding frequency of Artemia and Erythrinae is 1-2 times / day, the feeding amount of Artemia is 0.4-0.6 kg / time, and the feeding amount of Erythrinae is 0.3-0.5 kg / time.

8. The method for cultivating large-sized goby seedlings according to claim 7, characterized in that, Its features are, The amount of water to be replaced in step (4) is 1 / 5 to 1 / 4 of the total water volume.

9. The method for cultivating large-sized goby seedlings according to claim 8, characterized in that, The disinfection mentioned in step (5) refers to the application of 20-30 kg of quicklime.