Pupil dilator

Abstract

Provided is a pupil dilator that can simply and safely dilate a pupil without damaging intraocular tissue such as an iris. A pupil dilator 1 for dilating a pupil in an ophthalmic surgery includes a ring portion 10 formed in a ring shape and an iris locking portion 20 provided to the ring portion 10. The ring portion 10 is alternately provided with a first ring portion 11 formed in a shape recessed toward a radial inner side and a second ring portion 12 formed in a shape bulged toward a radial outer side in a circumferential direction, and the iris locking portion 20 is provided to the first ring portion 11. The iris locking portion 20 is locked to a limbus of an iris in a state where the first ring portion 11 and the second ring portion 12 are disposed on a surface side of the iris.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a pupil dilator for use in ophthalmic surgeries such as cataract surgery to dilate the pupil. Background Technology

[0002] Normally, the human eye has the function of regulating the amount of light entering through the pupil, located in the center of the iris. The iris is a ring-shaped tissue located behind the cornea and in front of the lens, with its central opening forming the pupil. The iris is composed of loosely elastic connective tissue that can stretch and contract, and muscles that cause the pupil to dilate or constrict. In bright light, the iris tissue progresses centripetally, causing the pupil to constrict (pupil constriction), thereby reducing the amount of light entering the eye. In dark light, the iris tissue contracts towards its root (the periphery of the pupil), causing the pupil to dilate (pupil dilation), thereby increasing the amount of light entering the eye.

[0003] However, among the diseases affecting the human eye, there is one called cataract. Cataracts are mainly caused by age-related clouding of the lens, leading to decreased vision. Currently, the mainstream cataract surgery involves phacoemulsification using ultrasound and intraocular lens insertion. In this procedure, a circular incision of approximately 5-6 mm is made in the center of the anterior capsule within the lens capsule. The cloudy contents of the lens are then suctioned out through this incision, and an intraocular lens is inserted into the lens capsule through the same incision.

[0004] To perform surgeries such as cataract and vitrectomy, which involve the lens, vitreous body, or retina located inside the eyeball behind the iris, it is necessary to maintain the pupil at a sufficiently large size (approximately 5-8 mm) during the procedure while in a dilated (mydriatic) state. However, in cases such as eyes with a history of iris inflammation, eyes that have been using miotic eye drops for glaucoma treatment for a long time, eyes with pseudo-defoliation material adhering to the iris, or eyes with a high degree of age-related miosis, sometimes even the use of mydriatic agents before surgery cannot adequately dilate the pupil.

[0005] For eyes where the pupil cannot be fully dilated, iris retractors with hooked tips have been conventionally used (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below). Taking the use of four iris retractors as an example, when placing the retractors, four incisions are made in the cornea, and the retractors are inserted into each of these incisions. Furthermore, the tips of the retractors are hooked at various points along the pupillary margin, pulling the pupillary margin of the iris radially outward. In this state, silicone plugs are used to fix each retractor to the cornea, thereby maintaining the pupil diameter at a sufficiently dilated size. When removing the retractors, they are removed individually after the silicone plugs are released. Such placement and removal of iris retractors must be performed carefully to avoid damaging the iris, thus requiring considerable labor and time. In particular, the following situation is considered problematic: because the hooks in the iris retractor used to hook onto the pupillary edge of the iris are formed of fine resin thread, it is possible that the pupillary edge of the iris may tear when the iris is pulled by the iris retractor, resulting in residual pupillary deformation after surgery.

[0006] In contrast, in recent years, pupil dilators such as the Malyugin Ring, The OASIS Iris Expander, and Morcher Pupil Dilator have been known as simpler and faster than the aforementioned iris retractors (see, for example, Patent Documents 2-4 below). These pupil dilators are made of synthetic resin with high shape memory properties and are either quadrilateral components or roughly ring-shaped components with one open section in their natural state. These pupil dilators are folded into a long shape and stored in a dedicated syringe, inserted into the eye through a small incision of about 2.2 to 3.2 mm, and embedded in the pupillary margin of the iris. Then, by hooking the pupil from the inside of the pupillary margin at 4 to 5 points or approximately the entire circumference, the pupil is dilated outward.

[0007] Existing technical documents

[0008] Patent documents

[0009] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-194643

[0010] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Publication No. 2010-521229

[0011] Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-531170

[0012] Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Publication No. 9-505753 Summary of the Invention

[0013] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0014] However, conventional pupil dilators are made of materials with high shape memory, so when released into the eye from a syringe, they revert to their original shape (natural shape) within the eye. Therefore, to dilate the pupil dilator into a quadrilateral or circular shape with a diameter of approximately 6-9 mm on the iris, after hooking the iris stop of the pupil dilator to the pupillary margin using medical instruments such as the Sinskey hook, if another iris stop is to be hooked to the adjacent or opposite pupillary margin, the dilator must maintain a large opening, causing a significant off-center movement of the iris stop. Given this, the operational difficulties are not adequately eliminated, and during pupil dilator placement, there is a risk of contact with the corneal endothelium, which is crucial for maintaining corneal transparency, or strong stretching of the iris tissue, potentially damaging the iris.

[0015] In addition, these pupil dilators can be set for eyes with moderate pupil dilation, but it is very difficult to set for eyes with poor pupil dilation and small pupils. The pupil must be stretched off-center and greatly, which can easily damage the iris tissue.

[0016] Furthermore, in conventional pupil dilators such as the Malyugin Ring, to compensate for the drawback of returning to its original shape upon insertion into the eye, the dilator is gradually released while hooking onto the pupillary rim of the iris while the syringe is inserted into the eye. However, hooking the pupil dilator onto the pupillary rim of the iris is inherently difficult, and this operation is not easy for anyone. It becomes particularly challenging in cases involving pupils smaller than 3 mm in diameter. Additionally, regarding removal, devices like the Malyugin Ring involve inserting a syringe into the eye, which may damage the iris during this process.

[0017] The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a pupil dilator that can easily and safely dilate the pupil without damaging intraocular tissues such as the iris during ophthalmic surgeries such as cataract surgery.

[0018] Methods for solving problems

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a pupil dilator for dilating the pupil during ophthalmic surgery. The pupil dilator is characterized by comprising: a ring-shaped portion and an iris locking portion disposed on the ring-shaped portion. The ring-shaped portion is alternately arranged circumferentially with a first ring portion that is concave inward and a second ring portion that is bulging outward. The iris locking portion is disposed on the first ring portion. When the first ring portion and the second ring portion are disposed on the surface side of the iris, the iris locking portion locks onto the pupillary margin of the iris.

[0020] Therefore, when the iris locking portion of one or more first ring portions of the ring is locked at the pupillary margin of the iris, if an external force is applied radially inward to the first ring portion, the first ring portion deforms by further concave radially inward, and the second ring portion adjacent to the first ring portion increases its curvature and deforms radially outward. Thus, the iris locking portion of the first ring portion moves significantly inward, while radial movement of the iris locking portions of the first ring portions other than the first ring portion is suppressed. Therefore, in ophthalmic surgeries such as cataract surgery, there is no significant stretching or damage to intraocular tissues such as the iris, and the iris locking portions of each first ring portion can be easily and reliably locked at the pupillary margin of the iris, thus enabling simple and safe pupil dilation.

[0021] Alternatively, the radial outward movement of the iris locking portion of the first ring portion other than the first ring portion to which the external force is applied can be suppressed to a movement of less than 70% of the radial inward movement of the iris locking portion of the first ring portion to which the external force is applied. This allows the iris locking portions of each first ring portion to be easily and reliably locked by means of the pupillary margin of the iris.

[0022] Furthermore, the second ring portion can also be formed of a material that is more easily deformed radially than the first ring portion. Thus, the second ring portion is easily deformable while increasing its curvature radially outward, allowing the iris locking portion of the first ring portion subjected to external force to move significantly inward. On the other hand, it can further suppress the amount of movement of the iris locking portion of the first ring portion other than the first ring portion subjected to external force.

[0023] Furthermore, the second ring portion may also have a groove extending in the thickness direction formed in its inner peripheral edge. As a result, the second ring portion is easily deformable while increasing its curvature radially outward, thus enabling the iris locking portion of the first ring portion subjected to external force to move significantly inward. On the other hand, it can further suppress the amount of movement of the iris locking portion of the first ring portion other than the first ring portion subjected to external force.

[0024] Alternatively, the iris locking portion can be formed in an L-shape cross-section, consisting of a drooping portion extending inward from the first ring portion and an extension portion extending radially outward from the drooping portion. The drooping portion abuts against the side of the pupillary edge of the iris, and the extension portion abuts against the back of the pupillary edge of the iris, thus locking itself against the pupillary edge of the iris. Therefore, since the iris locking portion of the first ring portion is embedded between the pupillary edge of the iris and the eyeball, it can be stably locked against the pupillary edge of the iris.

[0025] Alternatively, the iris locking portion can extend radially outward with the extension portion inclined in either direction circumferentially. This allows the iris locking portion to be easily and reliably locked onto the pupillary edge of the iris when it is inserted between the pupillary edge of the iris and the eyeball, as the inclined edge of the extension portion easily hooks onto the pupillary edge. Furthermore, when the iris locking portion is removed from between the pupillary edge of the iris and the eyeball, the edge of the extension portion on the opposite side of the inclined direction does not easily hook onto the pupillary edge, allowing the iris locking portion to be easily and reliably removed from the pupillary edge.

[0026] Alternatively, the first ring portion may also be provided with an instrument hook for hooking medical instruments used in ophthalmic surgery. Thus, by hooking the medical instruments used in ophthalmic surgery onto the instrument hook, it is easier to apply external force radially inward to the first ring portion.

[0027] The first ring portion and / or the second ring portion may also be provided with a syringe component hook portion, which is used to hook a component of the syringe used to place or remove the pupil dilator from the pupil. Thus, by hooking the syringe component to the syringe component hook portion, the pupil dilator can be placed or removed from the pupil simply and reliably.

[0028] Furthermore, the first ring portion can also be tilted towards the iris side from the boundary portion connected to the second ring portion toward the portion where the iris locking portion is provided. Thus, by tilting the first ring portion, the iris locking portion easily protrudes toward the dorsal side of the iris, thereby allowing the iris locking portion to easily and reliably lock onto the pupillary margin of the iris.

[0029] Furthermore, the second ring portion may also tilt towards the iris side from the boundary portion connected to the first ring portion toward the central portion. Thus, since the central portion of the second ring portion firmly abuts against the surface of the iris, the pupillary edge of the iris is sandwiched between the second ring portion disposed on the surface side of the iris and the iris locking portion of the first ring portion disposed on the back side of the iris, thereby enabling a stable pupillary dilator.

[0030] The first ring portion may also have a groove extending in the thickness direction formed in its inner or outer peripheral edge. Particularly preferred is that the groove is formed on both sides of the iris locking portion in the first ring portion. This makes the first ring portion, when subjected to external force, easily deformable, thus allowing easy movement of the iris locking portion of the first ring portion.

[0031] Invention Effects

[0032] According to the present invention, when the iris locking portion of one or more first ring portions of the ring is locked to the pupillary margin of the iris, if an external force is applied radially inward to the first ring portion, the first ring portion deforms by further concave radially inward, and the second ring portion adjacent to the first ring portion increases its curvature and deforms radially outward. Therefore, the iris locking portion of the first ring portion moves significantly inward, while radial movement of the iris locking portions of the first ring portions other than the first ring portion is suppressed. Therefore, in ophthalmic surgeries such as cataract surgery, the iris and other intraocular tissues are not significantly stretched and damaged, and the iris locking portions of each first ring portion can be easily and reliably locked to the pupillary margin of the iris, thus enabling simple and safe pupil dilation. Therefore, any surgeon can confidently place this pupil dilator within the pupil, thereby reducing the effort and time required during surgery. Attached Figure Description

[0033] [ Figure 1 [A] is a top view and [B] is a BB-line cross-sectional view of the pupil dilator of the first embodiment.

[0034] [ Figure 2 [ is used for explanation] Figure 1 A top view of the shape of the pupil dilator.

[0035] [ Figure 3 ] indicates that for Figure 1 A top view of the pupil dilator in a state where an external force is applied radially inward from both sides in the left-right direction.

[0036] [ Figure 4 ] indicates that for Figure 1 A top view of the pupil dilator in a state where an external force is applied radially inward from the left.

[0037] [ Figure 5 [] indicates that a syringe is not used. Figure 1 A top view of the process of setting a pupil dilator in the pupil.

[0038] [ Figure 6 ] indicates that Figure 1 The image shows the pupil dilator inserted into the syringe.

[0039] [ Figure 7 ] indicates the use of a syringe to... Figure 1 A top view of the process of setting the pupil dilator in the pupil (first half).

[0040] [ Figure 8 ] indicates the use of a syringe to... Figure 1 A top view of the process of setting the pupil dilator in the pupil (second half).

[0041] [ Figure 9 [1] is a top view of a pupil dilator of a modified embodiment of the first embodiment.

[0042] [ Figure 10 [ ] is a top view of the pupil dilator of the second embodiment.

[0043] [ Figure 11 ]yes Figure 10 A side view of a pupil dilator. Detailed Implementation

[0044] <First Implementation>

[0045] Next, refer to Figures 1 to 8 A first embodiment of the pupil dilator of the present invention will be described.

[0046] [Structure of this pupil dilator]

[0047] The pupil dilator 1 of this embodiment is used to dilate the pupil P during ophthalmic surgeries such as cataract surgery, for example... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a ring portion 10 forming a ring shape and a plurality of iris locking portions 20 disposed on the ring portion 10. Furthermore, in this specification, "radial" refers to the radial direction of the ring formed by the ring portion 10, and "circumferential" refers to the circumferential direction of the ring formed by the ring portion 10.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the ring portion 10 is formed of an elastically deformable component with a width w: 0.2 mm and a thickness t: 0.3 mm, and is composed of four first ring portions 11 formed in a circumferentially inwardly recessed shape and four second ring portions 12 formed in a circumferentially outwardly bulging shape.

[0049] These first ring portions 11 and second ring portions 12 are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction on the same plane, and are continuously arranged to form a ring at the boundary portion K. Furthermore, this ring portion 10 can be made of various materials, but is preferably formed of resins with high shape recovery such as polypropylene, polyester-based thermoplastic elastomers, olefin-based thermoplastic elastomers, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, and silicone rubber, or metals with high shape recovery such as titanium, nickel-titanium, and stainless steel.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the first ring portion 11 is formed into a concave shape between the boundary portions KK on both sides of the circumference, with a gentle, roughly circular arc drawn towards the radial inward direction, and the straight-line distance between the boundary portions KK is about 2.2 mm.

[0051] In addition, the first ring portion 11 is a pair of first ring portions 11 in Figure 1 The vertical direction is configured as a relative state, and another pair of first ring parts 11 are in Figure 1The left and right directions are configured as relative states.

[0052] The second ring portion 12 is formed into a bulging shape between the boundary portions KK on both sides of the circumference, in a way that draws a gentle, roughly circular arc towards the radially outward direction, and the straight-line distance between the boundary portions KK is about 3.3 mm.

[0053] Additionally, the second ring portion 12 is a pair of second ring portions 12 in Figure 1 The right-upward and left-downward directions are configured in a relative state, and the other pair of second ring portions 12 are in Figure 1 The left diagonal upward and right diagonal downward directions are configured as relative states.

[0054] Furthermore, the second ring portion 12 has a groove 12a extending in the thickness direction formed in its inner peripheral edge. As a result, as will be described later, the second ring portion 12 is easy to deform while increasing its curvature in the radial direction outward, thus further suppressing the movement of the iris locking portion 20 of the first ring portion 11 (the first ring portion 11 other than the first ring portion 11 subjected to external force).

[0055] If the relationship between these first ring parts 11 and second ring parts 12 is explained in detail, then as follows: Figure 2 As shown, assuming an imaginary circle C passing through the boundary portions K of the first ring portion 11 and the second ring portion 12, in a natural state without external force, the first ring portion 11 is formed to be concave radially inward compared to the imaginary circle C, while the second ring portion 12 is formed to be bulging radially outward compared to the imaginary circle C. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the straight-line distance between the boundary portions KK of the first ring portion 11 and the second ring portion 12 is always formed such that, in a natural state without external force, the second ring portion 12 is larger than the first ring portion 11.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the iris locking portion 20 is disposed between the boundary portions KK on the outer peripheral surface of the first ring portion 11. Figure 1 As shown in (b), the iris locking portion 20 is formed in the shape of an L-shaped cross section, which is composed of a hanging portion 21 that hangs down from the back of the first ring portion 11 toward the inner side of the eye, and a generally semi-circular extension portion 22 that extends radially outward from the hanging portion 21.

[0057] Furthermore, when the iris locking portion 20 is locked onto the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I, the drooping portion 21 abuts against the side of the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I, and the extension portion 22 abuts against the back of the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I. Therefore, the iris locking portion 20 of the first ring portion 11 is embedded between the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I and the eyeball, thus enabling the iris locking portion 20 of the first ring portion 11 to be stably locked onto the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I.

[0058] [Basic Operation of this Pupil Dilator 1]

[0059] Next, refer to Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 This section explains the basic operation of the pupil dilator 1.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a top view showing the state in which an external force is applied to the pupil dilator 1 from both sides in the left-right direction toward the radially inward direction.

[0061] Specifically, when the iris locking portions 20 of the left and right first ring portions 11 of this pupil dilator 1 are moved toward each other in a direction of approach, the left and right first ring portions 11 deform in a manner that further indents radially inward. At this time, the iris locking portions 20 of the upper and lower first ring portions 11 want to move radially outward, but the four second ring portions 12 adjacent to the left and right first ring portions 11 increase their curvature and deform radially outward, thus suppressing the movement of the iris locking portions 20 of the upper and lower first ring portions 11.

[0062] Figure 4 This is a top view showing the state in which an external force is applied to the pupil dilator 1 from the left toward the radially inward side.

[0063] Specifically, when the iris locking portion 20 of the right first ring portion 11 of this pupil dilator 1 is locked against the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I, if the iris locking portion 20 of the left first ring portion 11 is moved closer to the iris locking portion 20 of the right first ring portion 11, the left first ring portion 11 deforms by further concave radially inward. At this time, the two second ring portions 12 adjacent to the left first ring portion 11 increase their curvature and deform radially outward, thus suppressing the movement of the iris locking portions 20 of the upper and lower first ring portions 11. In addition, the iris locking portion 20 of the right first ring portion 11 tilts due to the repulsive force from the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I, thereby tilting the right first ring portion 11 and the second ring portions 12 on both sides towards the rear of the right iris I. Therefore, the right side of the ring portion 10 is subjected to the repulsive force from the iris I, thereby suppressing the overall movement of the ring portion 10 to the right.

[0064] If an external force is applied to one or more first ring portions 11 toward the radially inward side in this manner, the first ring portion 11 deforms in a manner that is further recessed toward the radially inward side, and the second ring portions 12 adjacent to both sides of the first ring portion 11 deform in a manner that increases curvature, thereby suppressing the radial movement of the iris locking portions 20 of the other first ring portions 11.

[0065] In particular, in this embodiment, the radial outward movement of the iris locking portion 20 of the first ring portion 11 other than the first ring portion 11 subjected to external force is suppressed to a movement amount of less than 70% of the radial inward movement of the iris locking portion 20 of the first ring portion 11 subjected to external force.

[0066] [Instructions for setting up this pupil dilator 1]

[0067] Next, refer to Figures 5-8 This describes a method for placing the pupil dilator 1 in the pupil. Furthermore, when placing the pupil dilator 1 in the pupil, an incision (not shown in the diagram) for inserting the pupil dilator 1 into the cornea and an incision (not shown in the diagram) for inserting the Sinskey hook 3 are pre-formed in the cornea. The Sinskey hook 3 serves as a medical instrument for operating the pupil dilator 1. Additionally, for ease of explanation, [the following is a description of the method for placing the pupil dilator 1 in the pupil]. Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 The upper right, upper left, lower left, and lower right sides of the iris locking portion 20 are respectively labeled with reference numerals 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D.

[0068] First, refer to Figure 5 The process of placing the pupil dilator 1 in the pupil P without using a syringe will be described.

[0069] First, such as Figure 5 As shown in (a), the pupil dilator 1 is positioned at a predetermined position on the surface side of the iris I. When the iris locking portions 20A and 20C of the first pair of first ring portions 11 (the first ring portions 11 on the upper right and lower left sides) are moved towards each other on the surface of the iris I by the Sinskey hook 3, as... Figure 5 As shown in (b), the first pair of first ring portions 11 are deformed in a manner that further recesses radially inward, so that the iris locking portions 20A and 20C of the first pair of first ring portions 11 are directly locked to the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I.

[0070] Next, as Figure 5As shown in (c), when the Sinskey hook 3 is removed from the iris locking portions 20A and 20C of the first pair of first ring portions 11, the pupil dilator 1 returns to its natural state by its own elastic force, thereby causing the iris locking portions 20A and 20C of the first pair of first ring portions 11 to move toward separation.

[0071] Then, similarly, as Figure 5 As shown in (d), when the iris locking portions 20B and 20D of the second pair of first ring portions 11 (the first ring portions 11 on the upper left and lower right sides) move towards each other on the surface of the iris I via the Sinskey hook 3, as... Figure 5 As shown in (d), the second pair of first ring portions 11 deforms further inward in a radially inward manner, thus directly locking the iris locking portions 20B and 20D of the second pair of first ring portions 11 to the pupillary margin Ie of the iris I. At this time, the iris locking portions 20A and 20C of the first pair of first ring portions 11 (the first ring portions 11 on the right oblique upper side and the left oblique lower side) want to move radially outward, but the four second ring portions 12 adjacent to the second pair of first ring portions 11 increase their curvature and deform radially outward, thus suppressing the movement of the iris locking portions 20A and 20C of the first pair of first ring portions 11.

[0072] Finally, as Figure 5 As shown in (e), when the Sinskey hook 3 is removed from the iris locking portions 20B and 20D of the second pair of first ring portions 11, the pupil dilator 1 returns to its natural state by its own elastic force. As a result, the iris locking portions 20A and 20C of the first pair of first ring portions 11 move slightly radially inward, and the iris locking portions 20B and 20D of the second pair of first rings move radially outward.

[0073] Moreover, such as Figure 5 As shown in (e), by locking the iris locking portions 20A to D of each first ring portion 11 to the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I in a configuration where the ring portion 10 is disposed on the surface side of the iris I, the pupil P can be dilated to an appropriate size.

[0074] Next, refer to Figures 6-8 The process of placing the pupil dilator 1 in the pupil P using the syringe 2 will be described.

[0075] First, such as Figure 6As shown, the pupil dilator 1 is inserted into the syringe 2. At this time, in order to make it easy for the iris locking portion 20 of the first ring portion 11 to lock with the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I when the pupil dilator 1 is subsequently withdrawn from the syringe 2, the iris locking portions 20A, 20B and 20C, 20D of the first ring portion 11 are inserted into the syringe 2 in a parallel arrangement in front and behind.

[0076] Next, as Figure 7 As shown in (a), the pupil dilator 1 is ejected from the syringe 2, as follows: Figure 7 As shown in (b), the first pair of first ring portions 11 of this pupil dilator 1 ( Figure 7 The iris locking portions 20A and 20B of the pair of first ring portions 11) on the upper side of the iris I are locked with the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I.

[0077] Next, as Figure 7 As shown in (c), when the pupil dilator 1 is further pushed out of the syringe 2, the pupil dilator 1 attempts to return to its natural state by the elastic force of the ring portion 10, thereby causing the iris locking portions 20A and 20B of the first pair of first ring portions 11 to move in the separation direction for the first time.

[0078] Next, as Figure 7 As shown in (d), after fully ejecting the pupil dilator 1 from the syringe 2, the first ring portion 11 is moved a second time using the Sinskey hook 3. Figure 7 When the iris locking portion 20C of the first ring portion 11 on the lower left side moves in the approach direction to the iris locking portion 20A of the first ring portion 11 opposite to it on the surface of the iris I, then as Figure 8 As shown in (a), the first ring portion 11 of the second time is deformed in a manner that further recesses radially inward, thus directly locking the iris locking portion 20C of the second first ring portion 11 to the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I. At this time, the second ring portion 12 (adjacent to both sides of the second first ring portion 11) Figure 8 The second ring portion 12 on the left and lower sides of the ring increases its curvature and deforms radially outward, thus suppressing the movement of the iris locking portions 20B and 20D of the first ring portion 11 on the upper left and lower right sides. In addition, the iris locking portion 20A of the first ring portion 11 on the upper right side is tilted by a repulsive force from the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I. As a result, the first ring portion 11 on the upper right side and the second ring portions 12 on both sides tilt in the direction of sinking into the posterior of the iris I on the upper right side. Therefore, the upper right side of the ring portion 10 is subjected to a repulsive force from the iris I, thereby suppressing the movement of the ring portion 10 as a whole on the upper right side.

[0079] Next, as Figure 8 (b) As shown, when the first loop portion 11 is moved for the third time by the Sinskey hook 3 ( Figure 8 When the iris locking portion 20D of the first ring portion 11 on the right lower side moves in the approach direction to the iris locking portion 20B of the first ring portion 11 opposite to it on the surface of the iris I, as Figure 8 As shown in (c), the first ring portion 11 of the third time is deformed by further concave radially inward, thus directly locking the iris locking portion 20D of the first ring portion 11 of the third time onto the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I. At this time, the second ring portions 12 (the right and lower second ring portions 12) adjacent to the two sides of the first ring portion 11 of the third time are deformed while increasing their curvature, thus suppressing the movement of the iris locking portions 20A and 20C of the first ring portion 11 on the upper right and lower left sides. In addition, the iris locking portion 20B of the first ring portion 11 on the upper left side is tilted by the repulsive force from the pupillary edge Ie of the iris I. As a result, the first ring portion 11 on the upper left side and the second ring portions 12 on both sides are tilted in the direction of sinking into the iris I on the upper left side. Therefore, the upper left side of the ring portion 10 is subjected to the repulsive force from the iris I, thereby suppressing the movement of the ring portion 10 as a whole on the upper left side.

[0080] Finally, as Figure 8 As shown in (d), when the Sinskey hook 3 is removed, the pupil dilator 1 returns to its natural state by the elastic force of the ring portion 10. As a result, the iris locking portions 20A to C of the first ring portion 11 move slightly radially inward in the first and second times, and the iris locking portion 20D of the first ring portion 11 moves radially outward in the third time.

[0081] Moreover, such as Figure 8 As shown in (d), by positioning the iris locking portions 20A to D of each first ring portion 11 on the surface side of the iris I with the ring portion 10 positioned thereon, the pupil P can be dilated to an appropriate size.

[0082] In addition, such as Figure 9 As shown, the first ring portion 11 may also be provided with an instrument hook portion 23 for hooking medical instruments used in ophthalmic surgery.

[0083] The first ring portion 11 and / or the second ring portion 12 may also be provided with a syringe component hook portion, which is used to hook a component of a syringe used to place the pupil dilator 1 in or remove it from the pupil P.

[0084] <Second Implementation>

[0085] Next, refer to Figures 10-11A second embodiment of the pupil dilator of the present invention will be described. Furthermore, only structures different from the embodiments described above will be described below; for identical structures, descriptions will be omitted and the same reference numerals will be used. Additionally, in Figure 10 In the middle, the first ring portion 11 is shown to be deformed in a radially inward concave manner by dashed lines.

[0086] like Figure 10 As shown, the first ring portion 11 has a groove 11a extending in the thickness direction formed in its inner peripheral edge. In this embodiment, the groove 11a is formed by cutting the iris locking portion 20 of the first ring portion 11 in a notch-like shape in the thickness direction using a laser.

[0087] Therefore, when the first ring portion 11 deforms in a radially inward recessed manner, the groove 11a opens circumferentially like a hinge, allowing the iris locking portion 20 of the first ring portion 11 to easily move radially inward. On the other hand, when the first ring portion 11 deforms in a radially outward return manner, the groove 11a closes in an abutting state like a hinge, allowing the iris locking portion 20 of the first ring portion 11 to return to an appropriate radially outward position and stop. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of ease of manufacture, the groove 11a extending in the thickness direction can also be formed in the outer peripheral portion of the first ring portion 11.

[0088] In addition, such as Figure 11 As shown, the first ring portion 11 tilts towards the iris I from the boundary portion K connected to the second ring portion 12 toward the portion where the iris locking portion 20 is provided. Therefore, due to the tilt of the first ring portion 11, the iris locking portion 20 easily protrudes towards the back side of the iris I, thus allowing the iris locking portion 20 to easily and reliably lock onto the pupillary margin Ie of the iris I.

[0089] The second ring portion 12 tilts towards the iris I from the boundary portion K connected to the first ring portion 11 toward the central portion. Thus, the central portion of the second ring portion 12 firmly abuts against the surface of the iris I, resulting in the pupillary margin Ie of the iris I being sandwiched between the second ring portion 12 disposed on the surface side of the iris I and the iris locking portion 20 disposed on the back side of the iris I, thereby enabling the pupillary dilator 1 to be stably positioned.

[0090] like Figure 10As shown, the iris locking portion 20 is formed as a parallelogram extending radially outward with the extension portion 22 inclined in any direction in the circumferential direction. Therefore, when the iris locking portion 20 is inserted between the pupillary margin Ie of the iris I and the eyeball, the edge of the extension portion 22 on the inclined side easily hooks onto the pupillary margin Ie of the iris I, thus allowing the iris locking portion 20 to be easily and reliably locked onto the pupillary margin Ie of the iris I. Furthermore, when the iris locking portion 20 is pulled out from between the pupillary margin Ie of the iris I and the eyeball, the edge of the extension portion 22 on the opposite side of the inclined direction does not easily hook onto the pupillary margin Ie of the iris I, thus allowing the iris locking portion 20 to be easily and reliably removed from the pupillary margin Ie of the iris I.

[0091] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. Various modifications and variations can be applied relative to the illustrated embodiments, within the same or equivalent scope as the present invention.

[0092] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0093] 1: Pupil dilator

[0094] 10: Ring section

[0095] 11: Part 1

[0096] 12: Part Two

[0097] 20: Iris locking area

[0098] 21: Lower part

[0099] 22: Extension

[0100] 2: Syringe

Claims

1. A pupil dilator for dilating the pupil during ophthalmic surgery, characterized in that, The pupil dilator includes: a ring-shaped portion and an iris locking portion disposed in the ring-shaped portion. The ring portion is alternately arranged circumferentially with a first ring portion that is concave inward and a second ring portion that is bulging outward. An iris locking portion is provided in the first ring portion. With the first and second ring portions positioned on the surface of the iris, the iris locking portion engages with the pupillary margin of the iris. The first ring portion and the second ring portion are formed of components capable of elastic deformation. When the iris locking portion is locked at the pupillary edge of the iris, if an external force is applied radially inward to the first ring portion, the first ring portion deforms by further concave radially inward, and the second ring portion adjacent to the first ring portion increases its curvature and deforms radially outward. Therefore, the iris locking portion of the first ring portion moves significantly inward, while the radial movement of the iris locking portion of the first ring portion other than the first ring portion is suppressed.

2. The pupil dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the ring portion, the radial outward movement of the iris locking portion of the first ring portion other than the first ring portion subjected to external force is suppressed to a movement amount of less than 70% of the radial inward movement of the iris locking portion of the first ring portion subjected to external force.

3. The pupil dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second ring portion is formed of a material that is more prone to radial elastic deformation than the first ring portion.

4. The pupil dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second ring portion has a groove extending in the thickness direction formed in the inner peripheral edge.

5. The pupil dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The iris locking portion is formed in an L-shape cross-section by a drooping portion that hangs down from the first ring portion toward the inner side of the eye and an extension portion that extends radially outward from the drooping portion. The drooping portion abuts against the side of the pupillary edge of the iris and the extension portion abuts against the back of the pupillary edge of the iris, thus locking itself against the pupillary edge of the iris.

6. The pupil dilator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The iris locking portion extends radially outward in a manner in which the extension portion is inclined in any circumferential direction.

7. The pupil dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ring portion is provided with an instrument hook for hooking medical instruments used in ophthalmic surgery.

8. The pupil dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ring portion and / or the second ring portion are provided with a syringe component hook portion, which is used to hook a component of a syringe used to place or remove a pupil dilator from the pupil.

9. The pupil dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ring portion tilts toward the iris side as it moves from the boundary portion connected to the second ring portion toward the portion where the iris locking portion is provided.

10. The pupil dilator according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second ring portion tilts toward the iris side as it moves from the boundary portion connected to the first ring portion toward the central portion.

11. The pupil dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ring portion has a groove extending in the thickness direction formed in the inner or outer peripheral portion.

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