A new type of vertebral puncture biopsy pathological knife

Abstract

This invention discloses a novel vertebral body biopsy scalpel. The upper handle serves as the grip and force-bearing component, while the tubular cavity at the front of the hollow, tubular blade accommodates the sample. The smooth, rounded tip at the distal end encircles the target tissue during travel. A rotating scalpel utilizes a wedge-like bone scalpel to simultaneously exert cutting forces in two directions, disrupting the connection between the sample and adjacent tissue. This device features a rational structure, good biocompatibility, and sufficient strength. Through optimization of the tip structure, it combines the functions of a traditional trephine saw and a retrieval device, simplifying the retrieval process and solving the problem of difficult bone tissue retrieval due to size limitations. This effectively improves the success rate, shortens needle placement time, and avoids repeated punctures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical devices, particularly to the field of vertebral body puncture biopsy sampling, and specifically to a novel vertebral body puncture biopsy pathology scalpel. Background Technology

[0002] Vertebral body biopsy is primarily used for patients with suspected primary benign or malignant tumors or metastatic bone tumors, especially when imaging results and medical history cannot provide a diagnosis. Obtaining tissue samples from the lesion can clarify its pathological nature and differentiate it from non-tumor lesions such as infection or trauma, providing crucial information for treatment planning. Currently, commonly used vertebral body biopsy procedures include open biopsy and closed puncture biopsy. Open biopsy is suitable for superficial, small tumors with clear imaging results. Although it yields sufficient tissue, the incidence of related adverse reactions is higher, and many patients cannot tolerate it, limiting its clinical application. Closed puncture biopsy mostly uses a cannula-guided procedure with a puncture needle or similar device. Although it yields less tissue than open biopsy, it greatly avoids damage to surrounding tissues and the stability of bone structure, thus gaining widespread use. The cannula-trepande combination system is the most commonly used. Traditional trephine scalpel systems utilize a puncture needle or cannula to reach the scavenging site. The serrated edge of the trephine scalpel generates cutting force to create a ring-shaped slit of a certain depth, isolating the cylindrical tissue from its sides and bottom. When used for scavenging cancellous tissues such as intervertebral discs, negative pressure can be applied to pull out the specimen obtained by the trephine scalpel. For tissues of moderate hardness, a curette or forceps can be used to break and remove the cylindrical tissue by dragging its tip. Traditional systems are effective for scavenging tissues with lower hardness, but struggle with harder tissues like bone. The physical limitations of the cannula size make it difficult for the force transmitted by the gripping device through the narrow cannula to break the connection between the bottom of the sample and the adjacent tissue within the channel. This leads to problems such as small sample volume, multiple sampling, and repeated punctures, increasing the risks of hematoma, infection, and cancer cell contamination. Therefore, from the perspective of minimally invasive and safety, lightweight and miniaturized sampling instruments have become the development direction. The contradiction between equipment size and material requirements cannot be solved by simply increasing the tube diameter. Most patents or improvements are only morphological optimizations and material improvements made to the ring saw and gripping device, lacking structural innovation.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for a new type of orthopedic puncture biopsy device that can better meet the needs of high-hardness tissue sampling without increasing the diameter of the original cannula, while reducing material consumption and simplifying the sampling procedure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention provides a novel vertebral body puncture biopsy scalpel, which is composed of an integrated handle and blade. It can easily destroy the connection between the sample base and the adjacent area inside the cannula through the wedge-like bone scalpel inside the blade tip, achieving good results in the examination of high-hardness tissues.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: a novel vertebral body puncture biopsy pathology scalpel, comprising a handle (1), a blade (2), and a pathology scalpel head (3);

[0006] The handle (1) is mounted on the rear end of the blade (2) for gripping and striking with an orthopedic hammer to make it move straight forward;

[0007] The front end of the blade (2) is a tubular chamber (4) used to contain the target tissue to be examined during the movement of the pathological blade;

[0008] The pathological scalpel (3) includes a circular blade (5) and a wedge-like bone scalpel (6). The bottom edge of the tubular chamber (4) is a circular blade (5) which allows the pathological scalpel to advance in a non-rotational manner. The inner wall of the tubular chamber (4) is provided with at least one wedge-like bone scalpel (6) which can spin cut and destroy the connection between the sample to be taken and the adjacent tissue when it enters the tubular chamber (4) during its journey.

[0009] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped bone knife (6) has a first blade (61) on its side and a second blade (62) on its top.

[0010] Furthermore, the height of the wedge-shaped bone cutter (6) is greater than or equal to the radius of the tubular cavity (4), increasing the cutting contact area.

[0011] Furthermore, the second blade (62) is located in the axial direction of the tubular cavity (4), and the included angle between the first blade (61) and the first blade (62) is ≥90°. The blades on both sides cut, resulting in less resistance to the movement of the blade body. The intersecting blades on both sides work simultaneously to form a regular conical or frustum-shaped cutting surface, resulting in a more regular wound surface and less damage to the bone tissue at the target location.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper surface of the handle (1) has an anti-slip texture to increase gripping force.

[0013] Furthermore, the blade (2) is a tubular hollow blade to reduce the weight of the blade and the amount of material used. The length of the blade (2) is required to be longer than that of the commonly used orthopedic puncture cannula. The surface of the blade (2) is sanded to increase the damping between the blade and the cannula wall, and scales are sprayed on it to observe the depth of advance, so as to facilitate the doctor's intraoperative judgment.

[0014] Furthermore, the handle (1), blade (2), and pathological scalpel tip (3) are all integrally formed, increasing structural stability.

[0015] Furthermore, it can be manufactured using medical-grade titanium alloy powder through 3D printing, extrusion molding, or molding processes such as mold making.

[0016] The working principle of the new vertebral body puncture biopsy scalpel is as follows: after confirming the puncture cannula is in place by fluoroscopy, the scalpel (3) is inserted into the cannula and the orthopedic hammer is used to make it move straight along the cannula in a non-rotational manner. The target tissue enters the tubular cavity (4) as the scalpel moves. The wedge-like bone scalpel (6) squeezed into it can spin cut and destroy the connection between the target sample and the adjacent tissue. The sample can be obtained without the need for other grasping devices such as grippers.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The device is integrally molded using 3D printing technology and other technologies, and is made of biocompatible and sufficiently strong materials. It can easily destroy the connection between the bottom of the tubular channel and the adjacent tissue and remove the target tissue, solving the problem of difficulty in scavenging hard bone tissue under the size limitation of the scavenging device, effectively improving the success rate of puncture scavenging and reducing needle placement time and potential repeated punctures. 2. The device integrates a smooth circular blade with a wedge-shaped bone scalpel, giving it the functions of a traditional trephine saw and a scavenging device. After the wedge-shaped bone scalpel completes the rotary cutting destruction, the sample is extracted with the pathological scalpel without the need for gripping forceps, negative pressure, or other auxiliary procedures, simplifying the scavenging procedure and reducing material waste. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the device.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a visual angle diagram of the pathology blade structure of the device.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a pathology scalpel tip from above.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the overall structure of a pathology scalpel tip.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the pathological scalpel of the device.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the blade position of a wedge-shaped bone scalpel.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Handle; 2. Blade; 3. Pathological scalpel tip; 4. Tubular chamber; 5. Circular blade; 6. Wedge-shaped bone scalpel; 61. Blade one; 62. Blade two. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1-6As shown, a novel vertebral body biopsy scalpel includes an umbrella-shaped handle 1, a tubular hollow blade 2, and a pathology blade head 3, all symmetrically integrally formed along the midline. The pathology blade head consists of a smooth, circular blade edge 5 and a wedge-shaped bone scalpel 6. The handle 1, with its coronal plane shaped like an umbrella, is mounted at the rear end of the tubular hollow blade 2 for gripping and striking with an orthopedic hammer to guide its straight forward movement. Its surface has anti-slip textures to increase grip friction. The tubular hollow blade 2 is designed to be longer than commonly used orthopedic puncture cannulas, with a surface atomized and sprayed with graduations to increase damping between the blade and the puncture cannulas. This allows for monitoring of the advance depth via graduations and intraoperative fluoroscopy while simultaneously striking with an orthopedic hammer, thus improving the safety of the scalpel. The front end of the blade 2 is a tubular chamber 4 used to accommodate the target tissue to be examined during the movement of the scalpel. The bottom edge of the tubular chamber 4 is a circular blade 5 that allows the scalpel to advance non-rotatingly. The inner wall of the tubular chamber 4 is provided with at least one wedge-shaped bone blade 6 that can spin-cut and destroy the connection between the sample to be examined and the adjacent tissue as it enters the tubular chamber 4. After confirming the puncture cannula is in place via fluoroscopy, the scalpel is inserted into the cannula and advanced non-rotatingly along the cannula direction using an orthopedic hammer. The blade 5 first contacts the target tissue, and then, as the blade advances, the wedge-shaped bone blade 6 spin-cuts and destroys the connection between the sample to be examined and the adjacent tissue. The height of the wedge-shaped bone blade 6 is preferably greater than or equal to the radius of the tubular chamber 4 to increase the cutting contact area. The wedge-shaped bone scalpel 6 has a first blade 61 on its side and a second blade 62 on its top. The second blade 62 is positioned along the axial direction of the tubular chamber 4. The angle between the first blade 61 and the first blade 62 is ≥90°. This dual-blade cutting design reduces the resistance of the blade's movement. Furthermore, the simultaneous action of the intersecting blades creates a regular conical or frustum-shaped cutting surface, resulting in a more regular wound and less damage to the bone tissue at the scalpel site. The separated sample is cut simultaneously in both radial and axial directions by the first and second blades, separating and cutting the target tissue, which is then enclosed within the tubular chamber 4. The sample is removed along with the scalpel, eliminating the need for gripping forceps or other grasping devices, simplifying the sampling process and reducing material waste. The umbrella-shaped handle 1, the tubular hollow blade 2, and the scalpel head 3 can be integrally manufactured using 3D printing technology, or prepared using traditional extrusion molding or mold-making techniques. This patent does not limit the manufacturing materials or preparation techniques of this device. This device must have excellent biocompatibility and sufficient strength to easily destroy the connection between the sample base to be collected and the adjacent tissue in the tubular chamber 4.

[0028] The application scope of this invention is not limited to vertebral body puncture biopsy; it can also be applied to cancellous bone puncture biopsy of the limb bone ends, such as the proximal humerus, femoral condyle, proximal tibia, and pelvis.

[0029] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A novel vertebral body puncture biopsy pathology scalpel, characterized in that, Includes handle (1), blade (2), and pathology blade (3); The handle (1) is mounted on the rear end of the blade (2) for gripping and striking with an orthopedic hammer to make it move straight forward; The front end of the blade (2) is a tubular cavity (4) used to contain the target tissue to be examined during the movement of the pathological blade; The pathological scalpel (3) includes a circular blade (5) and a wedge-shaped bone scalpel (6). The bottom edge of the tubular chamber (4) is a circular blade (5) which allows the pathological scalpel to advance non-rotatingly. The inner wall of the tubular chamber (4) is provided with at least one wedge-shaped bone scalpel (6) which can spin cut and destroy the connection between the sample to be taken and the adjacent tissue when it enters the tubular chamber (4) during its journey. The wedge-shaped bone scalpel (6) has a blade one (61) on its side and a blade two (62) on its top. The blade two (62) is located in the axial direction of the tubular chamber (4). The height of the wedge-shaped bone scalpel (6) is greater than or equal to the radius of the tubular chamber (4).

2. The novel vertebral body puncture biopsy pathology scalpel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the first blade (61) and the second blade (62) is ≥90°.

3. The new vertebral puncture biopsy pathological knife according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the handle (1) has an anti-slip texture to increase gripping force.

4. The new vertebral puncture biopsy pathological knife according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade (2) is a tubular hollow blade, and the outer surface of the blade (2) is treated with a frosted finish and sprayed with scales.

5. The new vertebral puncture biopsy pathological knife according to claim 1, characterized in that, The handle (1), blade (2) and pathological blade (3) are all integrally formed.

6. The new vertebral puncture biopsy pathological knife according to claim 5, characterized in that, It is made using medical-grade titanium alloy powder through 3D printing, extrusion molding, or mold forming processes.

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