Bidirectional rotary monostable permanent magnet operating mechanism

Abstract

The application provides a bidirectional rotating monostable permanent magnet operating mechanism, which comprises a ring-shaped moving iron core and a cross-shaped static iron core at the central position of the ring-shaped moving iron core; permanent magnets are fixed on both sides of the cross-shaped static iron core, and the magnetic field of the permanent magnets generates tangential magnetic force F p ; the moving contact of the electromagnetic switch is arranged at the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc; the moving iron core is fixedly connected with the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc, and the moving iron core drives the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc to rotate synchronously when the moving iron core rotates, so that the moving contact of the electromagnetic switch is combined with or separated from the static contact; the middle part of the insulating non-magnetic fixed frame is provided with elastic elements which are connected with the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc and apply tangential elastic force to the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc F t ; F t F p in the opposite direction; the operating mechanism keeps the closing state by the magnetic force of the permanent magnets and keeps the opening state by the elastic force of the elastic elements; the application realizes the opening and closing keeping by the torsional spring and the permanent magnets, and the torsional spring can store mechanical energy when closing and release the mechanical energy to accelerate the breaking speed when opening.​

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of switch device, and particularly relates to a bidirectional rotary single-stable permanent magnet operating mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] The operating mechanism is a core component of a circuit breaker, a contactor and other switch electric appliances, and the output action characteristics of the operating mechanism directly affect the switching capacity and service life of the entire switch electric appliance. With the rapid development of the electric power industry, especially the vigorous development of direct current power distribution, the switch electric appliance has higher and higher requirements for the breaking capacity and reliability of the operating mechanism. The traditional operating mechanism has the defects of long switching time, complex structure, high energy consumption for keeping and the like, and is difficult to meet the requirements of fast breaking under fault, low-power-consumption reliable keeping and flexible control.

[0003] The permanent magnet operating mechanism is an electric appliance mechanism driven by an electromagnet and kept by a permanent magnet. Compared with the pure electromagnetic and spring mechanisms, the permanent magnet operating mechanism combines the advantages of the electromagnet and the permanent magnet, has the advantages of simple structure, few components, high reliability, fast action speed and low energy consumption for keeping, and the like, and thus has become a research hotspot in recent years. The traditional direct-acting single-stable permanent magnet mechanism realizes switching operation through cooperation of a coil, a permanent magnet and a spring. In the opening process, the coil passes a reverse current to demagnetize the permanent magnet, and the opening is realized under the action of the spring reaction force. However, if the reverse current is blindly increased, the moving iron core may have a reduced movement speed, and even be re-attracted to fail to open, thereby restricting further improvement of the opening speed.

[0004] In addition, in the medium and high voltage field, the operating mechanism based on electromagnetic repulsion technology has a significantly improved opening speed compared with the traditional electromagnetic and permanent magnet operating mechanisms, but has defects of low driving efficiency, large transient current, difficult buffer control and the like, is difficult to be miniaturized and accurately controlled, and restricts its application in the low voltage field.

[0005] How to solve the above problems is a research direction. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a bidirectional rotary single-stable permanent magnet operating mechanism, which utilizes the principle of magnetic resistance torque to generate a bidirectional controllable electromagnetic force, cooperates with a torsional spring and a permanent magnet, and realizes switching operation. The switching process is completed through cooperation of a magnetizing coil, a permanent magnet and a torsional spring, the opening is kept by the torsional spring, the closing is kept by the permanent magnet, the torsional spring can also store mechanical energy during closing and release mechanical energy during opening to accelerate the breaking speed, and the switching state keeping process does not need to pass current to the coil, which meets the development trend of energy saving and low carbon. During the switching process, the switching speed of the mechanism and the action characteristics of the mechanism can be controlled by controlling the magnetizing state of the switching coil, cooperating with the torsional spring and the permanent magnet, and controlling the vector resultant force.

[0007] The application adopts the following technical solutions.

[0008] A bidirectional rotary monostable permanent magnet operating mechanism is used for opening and closing operation of an electromagnetic switch, and comprises a ring-shaped moving iron core and a cross-shaped static iron core at the center of the ring-shaped moving iron core; permanent magnets are fixed on both sides of the cross-shaped static iron core, and the magnetic field of the permanent magnets generates tangential magnetic force F p ;

[0009] The opening coil of the operating mechanism is wound around the vertical arms of the cross-shaped static iron core, and the closing coil is wound around the horizontal arms of the cross-shaped static iron core; the two closing teeth of the moving iron core are adjacent to the two ends of the horizontal arms of the static iron core, and the two opening teeth of the moving iron core are adjacent to the two ends of the vertical arms of the static iron core;

[0010] The moving contact of the electromagnetic switch is arranged at the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc; the moving contact of the electromagnetic switch is adjacent to the static contact of the electromagnetic switch, the moving iron core is fixedly connected with the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc, and the moving iron core drives the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc to rotate synchronously when the moving iron core rotates, so that the moving contact and the static contact of the electromagnetic switch are engaged or separated;

[0011] The electromagnetic switch comprises an insulating non-magnetic fixed frame, and the pin-shaped part of the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc is slidably arranged in the arc-shaped limiting slot of the insulating non-magnetic fixed frame, so as to be fixed and limited;

[0012] The middle part of the insulating non-magnetic fixed frame is provided with an elastic part connected with the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc and applying tangential elastic force F t to the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc; F t and F p is opposite to the direction of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet;

[0013] The operating mechanism keeps the closing state by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet and keeps the opening state by the elastic force of the elastic part.

[0014] When the closing coil of the static iron core is energized, the magnetic lines thereof form two parallel closed magnetic circuits along the moving iron core, the moving iron core is driven to rotate to perform the closing operation, and the total magnetic resistance between the upper side and the right side of the static iron core and the total magnetic resistance between the lower side and the left side of the static iron core are kept unchanged by the rotating action of the moving iron core, so as to avoid the coupling of the magnetic circuits between the opening coil and the closing coil.

[0015] The magnetic field of the permanent magnet generates counterclockwise tangential magnetic force F p ; the elastic part is a torsion spring;

[0016] When the closing operation is performed, the moving iron core rotates in the counterclockwise direction; the closing coil is powered during the closing operation, and the magnetic field thereof has the same direction as that of the permanent magnet, i.e., the magnetic force line direction; starting from the right side closing end of the static iron core in which the closing coil is wound, the magnetic force line passes through the closing tooth portion and the yoke portion thereof at the right side of the moving iron core, and then reaches the closing tooth portion at the left side of the moving iron core, and finally returns to the left side closing end of the static iron core, thus forming two parallel closing closed magnetic circuits; the closing closed magnetic circuit generates an electromagnetic force acting on the moving iron core in the counterclockwise direction F e1 , which is greater than the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet F p , and the electromagnetic force generated by the closing coil F e1 + F p , the moving iron core rotates in the counterclockwise direction to drive the closing F t .

[0017] When the opening operation is performed, the moving iron core rotates in the clockwise direction; the opening coil is powered during the opening operation, and the magnetic field thereof has the opposite direction to that of the permanent magnet, i.e., the magnetic force line direction; in the opening magnetic circuit, the electromagnetic force generated by the coil F e2 acts in the clockwise tangential direction, and has a demagnetizing effect on the magnetic field of the permanent magnet to quickly weaken the closing holding force, so that the elastic force of the torsional spring drives the moving iron core to rotate in the clockwise direction to return and complete the opening.

[0018] During the closing operation, the opening coil and the closing coil are simultaneously powered to generate excitation, so as to control the resultant vector electromagnetic force of the two groups of coils, and cooperate with the permanent magnet and the torsional spring to strengthen the control vector force, accurately control the closing speed, and improve the closing performance of the switch.

[0019] During the opening operation, the closing coil is powered with a reverse current, and the opening coil is powered with a forward current.

[0020] When the electromagnetic switch is in the open state, neither the opening coil nor the closing coil is powered, and the torsional spring applies a tangential force in the opposite direction to the insulating non-magnetic conductive disc F p , so as to maintain the open working condition of the ring-shaped moving iron core of the electromagnetic switch F t .

[0021] When the electromagnetic switch is in the closed state, neither the opening coil nor the closing coil is powered, and the air gap reluctance of the closing magnetic circuit is reduced F p , which is greater than the torsional force of the torsional spring F t and the reverse force of the contact spring F fThe sum of the magnetic forces generated by the permanent magnets enables reliable retention of the contact in the closed position.

[0022] In the closed retention state, the teeth of the rotating moving iron core and the closed end portions of the cross-shaped static iron core are in contact, the pegs of the fixed moving iron core also move to the end portions of the limiting grooves and are limited; during the closing process, the torsion spring is twisted to store mechanical energy for the opening process.

[0023] The annular moving iron core is connected with the pegs of the two pieces of insulating non-magnetic rotating discs through the arc-shaped limiting grooves of the insulating non-magnetic frame;

[0024] The closed end portions on both sides of the cross-shaped static iron core are embedded with two pieces of permanent magnets, the two closed end portions of the cross-shaped static iron core are respectively wound with coils, the two coils are connected in series to form a closed coil, the two open end portions of the cross-shaped static iron core are also wound with two coils connected in series to form an open coil, and the cross-shaped static iron core is fixed on the insulating non-magnetic frame through two bolts;

[0025] The rotatable moving iron core is fixed with the two pieces of insulating non-magnetic rotating discs through the pegs; the movable contact is fixed between the two rotating discs through a support to form an internal moving body; the fixed contact is fixed on the insulating non-magnetic frame through a support to form an internal structure body;

[0026] The internal structure body is fixed at the two pieces of insulating non-magnetic frames through bolts;

[0027] The two pegs for fixing the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc and the moving iron core respectively pass through the two arc-shaped limiting grooves of the insulating non-magnetic frame and are limited thereby, so that the internal moving body can only make an arc motion of a specific angle;

[0028] The torsion force of the torsion spring is applied to the internal moving body through the connecting piece to store mechanical energy during the closing process and release the mechanical energy during the opening process, so as to accelerate the breaking speed.

[0029] The movable contact of the electromagnetic switch cooperates with the fixed contact fixed on the external frame to form a rotating double-break contact system.

[0030] The operating mechanism relies on the permanent magnets for closing retention and relies on the torsion spring for opening retention, compared with the traditional electromagnetic operating mechanism, the closing state can be maintained without energizing the coil, which meets the development direction of energy saving and environmental protection; compared with the traditional single-stable permanent magnet operating mechanism, the breaking speed can be improved by increasing the current of the opening coil during the opening process, and the independent opening and closing magnetic circuits can be controlled by the opening coil and the closing coil, and the control mode is more flexible compared with the traditional single-stable permanent magnet mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The application will be further described in detail below in connection with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0032] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the electromagnetic switch according to the present application; Figure 1a

[0033] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the electromagnetic switch according to the present application; Figure 1b

[0034] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the electromagnetic switch according to the present application; Figure 2a

[0035] Figure 4 is an exploded view of the electromagnetic switch according to the present application; Figure 2b

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the operating mechanism of the electromagnetic switch according to the present application in the open-and-retain condition; Figure 3

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the magnetic force line distribution of the permanent magnet of the electromagnetic switch according to the present application in the open-and-retain condition; Figure 4

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic view of the electromagnetic switch according to the present application in the closing process; Figure 5

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic view of the magnetic force line distribution of the electromagnetic switch according to the present application in the closing process; Figure 6

[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic view of the electromagnetic switch according to the present application in the closed-and-retain condition; Figure 7

[0041] Figure 10 is a schematic view of the magnetic force line distribution of the electromagnetic switch according to the present application in the closed-and-retain condition; Figure 8

[0042] Figure 11 is a schematic view of the electromagnetic switch according to the present application in the opening process; Figure 9

[0043] Figure 12 is a schematic view of the magnetic force line distribution of the electromagnetic switch according to the present application in the opening process; Figure 10

[0044] Figure 1: 1 - fastener; 2 - insulating non-magnetic rotating disc; 3 - moving iron core; 4 - cross-shaped static iron core; 5 - opening coil; 6 - closing coil; 7 - moving contact; 8 - static contact; 9 - permanent magnet;

[0045] 10 - insulating non-magnetic fixed frame; 11 - torsion spring; 12 - arc-shaped limiting slot; 13 - peg-shaped part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] ​​​​​​​​​​​​As shown in the figure, a bidirectional rotary monostable permanent magnet operating mechanism for switching on and off, comprising a ring-shaped moving iron core 3 and a cross-shaped static iron core 4 at the center of the ring-shaped moving iron core; a permanent magnet 9 is fixed on both sides of the cross-shaped static iron core, and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet generates a tangential magnetic force F p ;

[0047] The opening coil 5 of the operating mechanism is wound around the vertical arms of the cross-shaped static iron core, and the closing coil 6 is wound around the horizontal arms of the cross-shaped static iron core; the two closing teeth of the moving iron core are adjacent to the two ends of the horizontal arms of the static iron core, and the two opening teeth of the moving iron core are adjacent to the two ends of the vertical arms of the static iron core;

[0048] The moving contact 7 of the electromagnetic switch is arranged at the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc 2; the moving contact of the electromagnetic switch is adjacent to the static contact 8 of the electromagnetic switch, the moving iron core is fixedly connected with the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc, and when the moving iron core rotates, it drives the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc to rotate synchronously, so that the moving contact and the static contact of the electromagnetic switch are engaged or separated;

[0049] The electromagnetic switch comprises an insulating non-magnetic fixed frame 10, and the pin-shaped part 13 of the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc is slidably arranged in the arc-shaped limiting groove 12 of the insulating non-magnetic fixed frame for fixation and limitation;

[0050] The middle part of the insulating non-magnetic fixed frame is provided with an elastic element connected with the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc and applying a tangential elastic force F t to the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc; F t in the opposite direction; F p ;

[0051] The operating mechanism maintains the closing state by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet and maintains the opening state by the elastic force of the elastic element.

[0052] When the closing coil of the static iron core is energized, the magnetic lines thereof form two parallel closed magnetic circuits along the moving iron core, driving the moving iron core to rotate to perform the closing operation, and the moving iron core keeps the total magnetic resistance between the upper side and the right side of the static iron core and the total magnetic resistance between the lower side and the left side of the static iron core unchanged through the rotating action, so as to avoid the coupling of the magnetic circuits between the opening coil and the closing coil.

[0053] The magnetic field of the permanent magnet generates a counterclockwise tangential magnetic force F p ; the elastic element is a torsion spring 11;

[0054] When the closing operation is performed, the moving iron core rotates counterclockwise. During the closing operation, the closing coil is energized, and the magnetic field lines are in the same direction as the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet. Starting from the right closing end of the stationary iron core where the closing coil is wound, the coil passes through the closing teeth and yoke on the right side of the moving iron core, then to the left closing teeth on the moving iron core, and finally returns to the left closing end of the stationary iron core, forming two parallel closed magnetic circuits. The closed magnetic circuits generate an electromagnetic force acting on the moving iron core in a counterclockwise direction. F e1 The permanent magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet F p Cooperation, when F e1 + F p Greater than the reaction force of the torsion spring F t At that time, the moving iron core rotates counterclockwise to drive the closing of the circuit breaker;

[0055] When the circuit breaker is tripped, the moving iron core rotates clockwise. During tripping, the tripping coil is energized, and the magnetic field lines of its tripping magnetic field are opposite in direction to the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet. In the tripping magnetic circuit, the electromagnetic force generated by the coil... F e2 Along the clockwise tangential direction, it demagnetizes the magnetic field of the permanent magnet to quickly weaken the closing holding force, so that the torsion spring force drives the moving iron core to reset and rotate clockwise to complete the opening.

[0056] During the closing operation, both the opening and closing coils are energized simultaneously to excite them, thereby controlling the combined vector electromagnetic force of the two coils. This, in conjunction with the permanent magnet and torsion spring, strengthens the control vector force, precisely controls the closing speed, and improves the closing performance of the switch.

[0057] During the tripping operation, the closing coil carries a reverse current, while the tripping coil carries a forward current.

[0058] When the electromagnetic switch remains in the open state, neither the open nor the close coil is energized, and the torsion spring applies a force greater than [value missing] to the insulated non-magnetic turntable. F p opposite tangential force F t This allows the toroidal moving iron core to maintain the opening condition of the electromagnetic switch;

[0059] When the electromagnetic switch remains closed, neither the opening nor closing coil is energized. At this time, the air gap magnetic reluctance of the closing magnetic circuit decreases. F p Greater than the torque of the torsion spring F t and the reaction force of the contact spring F fThe sum of the magnetic forces of the two permanent magnets makes the contact reliably hold in the closed position, and the closed state can be maintained by the permanent magnetic force generated by the permanent magnets.

[0060] In the closed state, the teeth of the rotating moving iron core and the closed end of the cross-shaped static iron core are in contact, and the pegs of the fixed moving iron core also move to the end of the limiting slot and are limited; during the closing process, the torsion spring is twisted to store mechanical energy for the opening process.

[0061] The annular moving iron core is connected to the pegs of the two insulating non-magnetic rotating discs through the arc-shaped limiting slot of the insulating non-magnetic frame;

[0062] The closed end of the cross-shaped static iron core is embedded with two permanent magnets, and the two closed ends of the cross-shaped static iron core are respectively wound with coils, and the two coils are connected in series to form a closed coil, and the two closed ends of the cross-shaped static iron core are also wound with two series coils to form an opening coil, and the cross-shaped static iron core is fixed on the insulating non-magnetic frame by two bolts;

[0063] The rotatable moving iron core is fixed with the two insulating non-magnetic rotating discs through the pegs; the movable contact is fixed between the two rotating discs through the support to form an internal moving body; the fixed contact is fixed on the insulating non-magnetic frame through the support to form an internal structure;

[0064] The internal structure is fixed on the two insulating non-magnetic frames by bolts;

[0065] The two pegs for fixing the insulating non-magnetic rotating disc and the moving iron core respectively pass through the two arc-shaped limiting slots of the insulating non-magnetic frame and are limited by the limiting slots, so that the internal moving body can only make arc motion of a specific angle;

[0066] The torsion force of the torsion spring is applied to the internal moving body through the connecting piece, and stores mechanical energy during the closing process and releases mechanical energy during the opening process to speed up the breaking speed.

[0067] The movable contact of the electromagnetic switch cooperates with the fixed contact fixed on the external frame to form a rotating double-break contact system.

[0068] Embodiment:

[0069] The pegs in this example are bolts (fasteners), such as Figure 1a and Figure 1bAs shown in the electromagnetic switch, the closing end of the cross static core is embedded with two pieces of permanent magnet (as shown in figure 2, number 9), two closing ends are wound with coils, two coils are connected in series to form closing coil, two opening ends are also wound with two coils connected in series to form opening coil, the cross static core is fixed on the external insulation non-magnetic frame by two bolts; the rotating moving core is fixed together with two pieces of insulation non-magnetic disc by bolts; the moving contact is fixed between the two discs by support, forming the internal moving part; the static contact is fixed on the external insulation non-magnetic frame by support, forming the internal main structure.

[0070] As shown in Figure 2a and Figure 2b , the internal structure of the electromagnetic switch is fixed on the two pieces of insulation non-magnetic frame by fastener 1 (bolt), forming the whole switch. Among them, the two bolts that fix the moving part (disc and rotating moving core) pass through the arc limiting groove and are limited by the limiting groove, so that the moving part can only make arc motion of a certain angle. The torsional force of the torsion spring is applied to the moving part through the bolt, storing mechanical energy during closing process and releasing mechanical energy during opening process to speed up the breaking speed. The moving contact cooperates with the static contact fixed on the external frame to form a rotating double-break contact system.

[0071] As shown in Figure 3 , the bidirectional rotating single stable permanent magnet operating mechanism is in the opening and closing state, and the closing and opening coils are not electrified. The magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet is as shown in Figure 4 , which generates a tangential magnetic force F p ( Figure 3 ) along the counterclockwise direction, trying to make the rotating moving core rotate in the counterclockwise direction to reduce the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit. The tangential force F t is applied to the bolt by the torsion spring. At this time, F p is less than F t , the resultant force is along the clockwise direction, and the rotating moving core is limited in the opening and closing position by the limiting groove, and the contact is in a reliable opening state.

[0072] As shown in Figure 5 , when the closing operation is to be performed, the closing coil is electrified, and the current direction in the closing coil is indicated by fork and dot (wherein the fork represents the current perpendicular to the paper inward, and the dot represents perpendicular to the paper outward), generating the electromagnetic magnetic force line as shown in Figure 6 , which has the same direction as the permanent magnet magnetic force line. The total magnetic force line starts from the right closing end of the static core wound with the closing coil, passes through the right closing tooth part and its yoke part of the moving core, and then reaches the left closing tooth part of the moving core, and finally returns to the left closing end of the static core, forming two parallel closing magnetic circuits (as shown in Figure 5(As shown in the closing magnetic circuit diagram). According to the principle of "magnetic reluctance torque," this closing magnetic circuit will generate an electromagnetic force acting on the moving iron core in a counterclockwise direction. F e1 The permanent magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet F p Cooperation, when F e1 + F p Greater than the reaction force of the torsion spring F t When the rotating moving iron core is activated, it begins to rotate counterclockwise, driving the moving contact to move, thus achieving the closing operation. Throughout the closing operation, as the moving iron core rotates, the air gaps of the upper and lower opening magnetic circuits and the left and right closing magnetic circuits increase and decrease, respectively. Therefore, the total magnetic reluctance of the upper and right sides and the lower and left sides remains unchanged, preventing the formation of effective "magnetic reluctance torque." This ensures that the opening and closing magnetic circuits are independent and uncoupled, reducing the difficulty of designing and controlling the operating mechanism.

[0073] like Figure 7 The diagram shows the closed-hold state. At this time, the teeth of the rotating moving iron core and the closed end of the cross-shaped stationary iron core are in contact, and the bolt fixing the moving iron core has just moved to the maximum value of the limit groove, being limited by the other end of the limit groove. The magnetic field lines generated by the permanent magnet are distributed as follows... Figure 8 As shown, a tangential permanent magnet force is generated in the counterclockwise direction. F p When the circuit is closed and held, neither the opening nor closing coils are energized. Due to the decrease in the air gap magnetic reluctance of the closing magnetic circuit, F p Greater than the torque of the torsion spring F t and the reaction force of the contact spring F f The sum of these forces ensures that the contacts are reliably held in the closed position; therefore, the closed state can be maintained solely by the permanent magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet. During the closing process, the torsion spring is twisted, storing mechanical energy for the opening process.

[0074] During the closing operation, the opening and closing coils can also be energized simultaneously. In conjunction with the permanent magnet and torsion spring, the vector resultant force can be controlled, which facilitates precise control of the closing speed and improves the closing performance of the switch.

[0075] like Figure 9 As shown, when performing a tripping operation, a reverse current is supplied to the closing coil, and a forward current is supplied to the tripping coil. In the closing magnetic circuit, the electromagnetic field generated by the coil is opposite in direction to the permanent magnet, which demagnetizes the permanent magnet and quickly weakens the closing holding force. In the tripping magnetic circuit, the electromagnetic force generated by the coil... F e2Along the clockwise tangent direction, the resultant force of electromagnetic force, permanent magnetic force and spring torsion force increases rapidly along the clockwise direction, the moving iron core rotates along the clockwise direction to drive the moving contact to realize the opening operation. During the operation, the positive and negative currents of the opening and closing coil can be flexibly controlled to facilitate the adjustment of the opening speed and improve the action characteristics.

Claims

1. A bidirectional rotary monostable permanent magnet operating mechanism for opening and closing operations of a switch, characterized in that: The operating mechanism includes an annular moving iron core and a cross-shaped stationary iron core at the center of the annular moving iron core; permanent magnets are fixed at both ends of the cross-shaped stationary iron core, and the magnetic field of the permanent magnets generates tangential magnetic force. F p ; The tripping coil of the operating mechanism is wound around the vertical arm of the cross-shaped stationary iron core, and the closing coil is wound around the horizontal arm of the cross-shaped stationary iron core; the two closing teeth of the moving iron core are close to the two ends of the horizontal arm of the stationary iron core, and the two tripping teeth of the moving iron core are close to the two ends of the vertical arm of the stationary iron core. The moving contact of the electromagnetic switch is located at the insulated non-magnetic rotating disk; the moving contact of the electromagnetic switch is close to the stationary contact of the electromagnetic switch, the moving iron core is fixedly connected to the insulated non-magnetic rotating disk, and when the moving iron core rotates, it drives the insulated non-magnetic rotating disk to rotate synchronously, so that the moving contact of the electromagnetic switch engages or disengages from the stationary contact. The electromagnetic switch includes an insulated non-magnetic fixed frame, and the bolt-shaped part of the insulated non-magnetic turntable is slidably placed in the arc-shaped limiting groove of the insulated non-magnetic fixed frame for fixing and limiting. The middle part of the insulated non-magnetic fixed frame is connected to the insulated non-magnetic turntable and subjected to tangential elastic force. F t elastic elements; F t and F p The opposite direction; The operating mechanism uses the magnetic force of a permanent magnet to maintain the closed state and the elastic force of an elastic element to maintain the open state. The magnetic field of the permanent magnet generates a counterclockwise tangential magnetic force. F p The elastic element is a torsion spring. When the closing operation is performed, the moving iron core rotates counterclockwise. During the closing operation, the closing coil is energized, and the magnetic field lines are in the same direction as the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet. Starting from the right closing end of the stationary iron core where the closing coil is wound, the coil passes through the closing teeth and yoke on the right side of the moving iron core, then to the left closing teeth on the moving iron core, and finally returns to the left closing end of the stationary iron core, forming two parallel closed magnetic circuits. The closed magnetic circuits generate an electromagnetic force acting on the moving iron core in a counterclockwise direction. F e1 The permanent magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet F p Cooperation, when F e1 + F p Greater than the reaction force of the torsion spring F t At that time, the moving iron core rotates counterclockwise to drive the closing of the circuit breaker; When the circuit breaker is tripped, the moving iron core rotates clockwise. During tripping, the tripping coil is energized, and the magnetic field lines of its tripping magnetic field are opposite in direction to the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet. In the tripping magnetic circuit, the electromagnetic force generated by the coil... F e2 Along the clockwise tangential direction, it demagnetizes the magnetic field of the permanent magnet to quickly weaken the closing holding force, so that the torsion spring force drives the moving iron core to reset and rotate clockwise to complete the opening.

2. The bidirectional rotary monostable permanent magnet operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the stationary iron core closing coil is energized, its magnetic lines of force form two parallel closed magnetic circuits along the moving iron core, driving the moving iron core to rotate to perform the closing operation. The rotating action of the moving iron core keeps the total magnetic resistance between the upper and right sides of the stationary iron core and the total magnetic resistance between the lower and left sides of the stationary iron core unchanged, so as to avoid coupling of the magnetic circuits between the opening and closing coils.

3. The bidirectional rotary monostable permanent magnet operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the closing operation, both the opening and closing coils are energized simultaneously to excite them, thereby controlling the combined vector electromagnetic force of the two coils. This, in conjunction with the permanent magnet and torsion spring, strengthens the control vector force, precisely controls the closing speed, and improves the closing performance of the switch.

4. The bidirectional rotary monostable permanent magnet operating mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the tripping operation, the closing coil carries a reverse current, while the tripping coil carries a forward current.

5. The bidirectional rotary monostable permanent magnet operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the electromagnetic switch remains in the open state, neither the open nor the close coil is energized, and the torsion spring applies a force greater than [value missing] to the insulated non-magnetic turntable. F p opposite tangential force F t This allows the toroidal moving iron core to maintain the opening condition of the electromagnetic switch; When the electromagnetic switch remains closed, neither the opening nor closing coil is energized. At this time, the air gap magnetic reluctance of the closing magnetic circuit decreases. F p Greater than the torque of the torsion spring F t and the reaction force of the contact spring F f The sum of these factors ensures that the contacts are reliably held in the closed position, and the closed state can be maintained by the permanent magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet.

6. The bidirectional rotary monostable permanent magnet operating mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the closed-hold state, the teeth of the rotating moving iron core and the closed end of the cross-shaped stationary iron core come into contact, and the bolt-shaped part that fixes the moving iron core also moves to the end of the limit groove and is limited; during the closing process, the torsion spring is twisted to store mechanical energy for the opening process.

7. The bidirectional rotary monostable permanent magnet operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular moving iron core is connected to the bolt-shaped parts of two insulated non-magnetic rotating disks through the arc-shaped limiting groove of the insulated non-magnetic frame. Two permanent magnets are embedded in the closing ends on both sides of the cross-shaped stationary iron core. Coils are wound on the two closing ends of the cross-shaped stationary iron core respectively, and the two coils are connected in series to form a closing coil. Two coils are also wound on the two opening ends of the cross-shaped stationary iron core to form an opening coil. The cross-shaped stationary iron core is fixed to the insulated non-magnetic frame by two bolts. The rotatable moving iron core is fixed to two insulated non-magnetic turntables by bolts; the moving contact is fixed between the two turntables by a bracket, forming an internal moving body; the stationary contact is fixed to the insulated non-magnetic frame by a bracket, forming an internal structure. The internal structure is fixed to two insulating, non-magnetic frames by bolts. The two bolt-shaped parts of the fixed insulated non-magnetic turntable and the moving iron core pass through the two arc-shaped limiting grooves of the insulated non-magnetic frame and are limited by them, so that the internal moving body can only make arc-shaped movements at a specific angle. The torsion spring's torque is applied to the internal moving part through the connecting part, storing mechanical energy during the closing process and releasing mechanical energy during the opening process to accelerate the breaking speed.

8. The bidirectional rotary monostable permanent magnet operating mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The moving contact of the electromagnetic switch cooperates with the stationary contact fixed on the external frame to form a rotating double-break contact system.

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