An intelligent training system and method for debugging and repairing electric locomotive pantograph

Abstract

The present invention relates to an intelligent training system and method for debugging and repairing pantographs of electric locomotives, including: a fault setting unit, a debugging and repair unit and a fault diagnosis unit, the fault setting unit includes a teacher machine, a student machine, a fault IO communication board, and a fault module, the debugging and repair unit includes a pantograph operation unit 1, a pantograph control unit 1, a pantograph control unit 2, a pantograph operation unit 2, a pantograph lifting execution module 1, a pantograph lifting execution module 2, and an air source control unit, and the fault diagnosis unit includes a distributed acquisition module 1, a distributed acquisition module 2, a distributed acquisition module 3, a distributed acquisition module 4, a central control unit, and a touch all-in-one machine. The present invention can be used for skill training of debugging and repair staff and cultivate professional practical skills of front-line staff. It is beneficial for employees to master the operation sequence, working principle, and control logic of electric locomotive pantographs. The system can improve the fault repair capabilities of employees through fault setting, diagnosis, troubleshooting, and disposal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electric locomotive vehicle debugging and maintenance skills training, and specifically relates to an electric locomotive pantograph debugging and maintenance intelligent training system and method, which meets the needs of debugging personnel and maintenance personnel for electric locomotive pantograph debugging and maintenance skills training. Background Art

[0002] Electric locomotives, also known as electric trains, are trains that obtain electricity from the power supply network (contact network) or power rails and then drive the vehicle through electric motors. In the production and manufacturing of electric locomotives, electric locomotive commissioning is a key link, which is related to whether the various functions of the electric locomotive can be realized normally and the safe and reliable operation of the electric locomotive. Therefore, the skill level of employees in the electric locomotive commissioning position is very high.

[0003] Skill training for employees in electric locomotive commissioning positions has always been a problem that has plagued training work. The cost of a set of electric locomotives is about 10 to 20 million yuan. Using existing vehicles for training is risky and costly, and the production cycle does not allow it. At present, there is a lack of equipment for electric locomotive commissioning. Employees can only learn theoretical knowledge through the principles of drawings. There is basically no practical training and lack of practical hands-on skills. The electrical circuits of electric locomotives are relatively complex, with many closing conditions. Multiple protections are done in hardware and software. In actual use, electrical circuit faults often occur and there are many types of faults, which puts extremely high demands on maintenance personnel. Those who handle faults must have rich experience, understand the overall principles of electrical circuits, be able to accurately determine the cause of the fault, and be able to troubleshoot the fault in time. This is a great test for maintenance personnel. Maintenance personnel who can quickly solve faults have always been a training problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent training system and method for debugging and repairing pantographs of electric locomotives. Through a training method close to on-site fault troubleshooting operations, trainees can basically master the methods of fault principle analysis and troubleshooting.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: an intelligent training system for debugging and repairing pantographs of electric locomotives, comprising a fault setting unit, a debugging and repair unit and a fault diagnosis unit.

[0006] The debugging and maintenance unit includes a pantograph operating unit 1, a pantograph operating unit 2, a pantograph control unit 1, a pantograph control unit 2, a pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1, a pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2 and a gas source control unit.

[0007] The pantograph operation unit 1 is connected to the pantograph control unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 2 respectively, so as to control the pantograph control unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 2 to perform logical actions; the pantograph operation unit 2 is connected to the pantograph control unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 2 respectively, so as to control the pantograph control unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 2 to perform logical actions; the pantograph control unit 1 is connected to the pantograph control unit 2, so as to receive instructions from the pantograph operation unit to control respective logical actions; the pantograph control unit 1 is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1, and the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1 is realized according to the logic of the pantograph control unit 1; the pantograph control unit 2 is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2, and the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2 is realized according to the logic of the pantograph control unit 2; the air source control unit is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1 and the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2 to realize the air supply to the above-mentioned pantograph lifting and lowering execution modules;

[0008] The fault diagnosis unit includes distributed acquisition module 1, distributed acquisition module 2, distributed acquisition module 3, distributed acquisition module 4, a central control unit and a touch all-in-one machine.

[0009] The central control unit is also connected to the distributed acquisition module 1, the distributed acquisition module 2, the distributed acquisition module 3, and the distributed acquisition module 4, and performs diagnostic processing on the data collected by the above modules to realize hierarchical classification and automatic storage; the distributed acquisition module 1 is connected to the pantograph operation unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 1, collects the current logical state of the above units, and outputs signals to perform logical control on the pantograph control unit 1; the distributed acquisition module 2 is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1, collects the current logical state and air pressure value of the execution module 1; the distributed acquisition module 3 is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2, collects the current logical state and air pressure value of the execution module 2; the distributed acquisition module 4 is connected to the pantograph operation unit 2 and the pantograph control unit 2, collects the current logical state of the above units, and outputs signals to perform logical control on the pantograph control unit 2; the touch all-in-one machine is connected to the central control unit, and receives the trainee operation and maintenance data in real time through the central control unit, and displays the current state of the pantograph electrical circuit in real time on the touch all-in-one machine interface;

[0010] Wherein, the fault setting unit includes a teacher computer, a student computer, a fault IO communication board, and a fault module.

[0011] The teacher computer is connected to the student computer. The teacher computer is for teachers to use and can be used to receive and manage student computer information, design electrical circuit faults and generate test questions; the student computer is connected to the fault IO communication board, and the fault IO communication board is connected to the fault module to realize the conversion of the teacher computer fault information into a fault control signal; the fault module is also connected to the debugging and maintenance unit to realize the generation and elimination of pantograph electrical circuit faults; the student computer is for trainee training and maintenance. Trainees will handle the faults according to the above fault information prompts and the actual fault phenomena. By entering the fault cause and problem in the trainee computer training and maintenance interface, it can be checked whether the circuit can operate normally, complete the pantograph maintenance and upload the maintenance training information.

[0012] Preferably, the driving air circuit of the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module includes a pressure-stabilized air source, an air supply switch, an oil-water separator, a hand-sliding valve, a solenoid valve, a pantograph raising and lowering regulating valve, and a cylinder. The pressure-stabilized air source is connected to the pantograph oil-water separator through an air pipe, the air outlet at point A of the solenoid valve is connected to the pantograph lowering regulating valve, and the air outlet at point B is connected to the pantograph raising and lowering regulating valve, the pantograph lowering regulating valve is connected to the head end of the cylinder, and the pantograph raising and lowering regulating valve is connected to the tail end of the cylinder.

[0013] Another technical solution of the present invention: an intelligent training method for debugging and repairing pantographs of electric locomotives, comprising a pantograph debugging training step and a pantograph repair training step,

[0014] The pantograph commissioning training steps include the pantograph raising function commissioning and the pantograph lowering function commissioning.

[0015] Pantograph raising function debugging:

[0016] Close the circuit breaker, ensure that the locomotive operation switch, test switch, and grid voltage simulation switch are in normal positions, ensure that the pantograph is cut off and the storage switch is in normal positions, close the electric key in the driver's cab, turn the pantograph switch to the pantograph raising position, close the pantograph raising control relay, close the pantograph raising contactor, close the high-voltage isolating switch relay, close the pantograph raising relay, turn on the pantograph raising solenoid valve, and the compressed air evenly enters the cylinder through the solenoid valve. The cylinder piston compresses the pantograph lowering spring in the cylinder, thereby causing the pantograph to rise at a uniform speed and then contact the contact network;

[0017] Pantograph lowering function debugging:

[0018] The pantograph toggle switch is placed in the pantograph lowering position, the pantograph lowering control relay is closed, the pantograph raising contactor circuit is destroyed, the pantograph raising contactor is disconnected, and the pantograph raising relay is disconnected, the pantograph raising solenoid valve is de-energized, and the compressed air in the cylinder is rapidly discharged to the atmosphere through the pantograph raising solenoid valve. Under the action of the pantograph lowering spring, the force of the pantograph raising spring is overcome, and the pantograph is rapidly lowered and separated from the contact network.

[0019] After the debugging is completed and the normal working state is reached, enter the pantograph control system maintenance training step;

[0020] The steps of pantograph control system maintenance training are as follows: set the student login information in the student management module of the teacher computer, set the location of the line fault point that needs to be repaired in the training management module, and select the time and content of the maintenance in the maintenance assessment management module. The student computer receives the fault information, which is converted into a fault control signal through the fault IO communication board, and an actual fault is formed in the fault module. The distributed acquisition module collects the current logical state of the debugging and maintenance unit device, and the acquisition module summarizes it to the central control unit through the CANopen bus. The central control unit establishes the model parameters and the current control process according to the mathematical model of its internal circuit system for calculation as the basis for fault detection and diagnosis, and displays the current fault location on the circuit interface of the touch all-in-one machine.

[0021] Preferably, the system can be set with multiple faults, and one or more fault combinations can be selected for a single training. The first fault phenomenon: the pantograph raising solenoid valve is energized, the air pressure is within the normal range, and the pantograph cannot be raised into place; the second fault phenomenon: the driver's cab electric key (Z1-MES) is closed, the toggle switch (Z1-PT) is turned to the pantograph raising position, and the pantograph does not raise the pantograph; the third fault phenomenon: the driver's cab electric key (Z1-MES) is closed, the toggle switch (Z1-PT) is turned to the pantograph lowering position, the pantograph cannot be lowered when it is raised normally; the fourth fault phenomenon: when the pantograph operating unit 1 is used to raise and lower the current section of the pantograph, the battery circuit breaker (DJ1-BA) trips, and when the pantograph is raised and lowered on the pantograph operating unit 2, the battery circuit breaker (DJ1-BA) will not trip; the fifth fault phenomenon: when operating on the pantograph operating unit 1, the pantographs of other sections cannot be raised or lowered, and the pantographs can be raised or lowered normally on the pantograph operating unit 2; the sixth fault phenomenon: when operating on the pantograph operating unit 2 The seventh fault phenomenon: when operating the pantograph operating unit 2, the pantograph is automatically raised when the toggle switch is in the zero position, and there is no action when the pantograph is in the raised position, and the pantograph is lowered normally; the eighth fault phenomenon: the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1 cannot raise the pantograph; the ninth fault phenomenon: the electric locomotive is parked in the maintenance warehouse, and the roof pantograph needs to be repaired. The storage conversion switch of the operating unit 1 is switched to the storage position, and the pantograph module 1 can still raise the pantograph; the tenth fault phenomenon: when operating the unit When the pantograph isolation switch (Z2-ISPT2) of element 2 is placed in the isolation position (closed), the pantograph isolation relay (Q2-ISPT2) of this section is actuated, and the pantograph isolation display (L2-ISPT2) of this section is off; The eleventh fault phenomenon: when the pantograph module 2 is raised or lowered on the operating unit 1, the battery circuit breaker (DJ2-BA) of control unit 2 trips; when the pantograph module 2 is raised or lowered on the operating unit 2, the battery circuit breaker (DJ2-BA) also trips.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: it can be used in the electric locomotive pantograph debugging outline for training on operation sequence, working principle, and control logic, and can also be used for training on fault reproduction, analysis, and disposal of pantograph control circuits and devices for maintenance personnel, thereby improving the skill level of maintenance personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a training system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the teacher's computer in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a trainee machine in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A pantograph debugging flow chart of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A pantograph maintenance flow chart of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pantograph lifting and lowering execution module in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a driving gas circuit diagram of the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8-15 This is a circuit diagram of a faulty communication board in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.16 and Fig.17 It is a circuit diagram of a pantograph operating unit 1 and a pantograph operating unit 2 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.18 and Fig.19 It is a circuit diagram of a pantograph control unit 1 and a pantograph control unit 2 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 20-23 A pantograph circuit fault diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.24 This is a short-circuit fault diagram of the pantograph control circuit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, the electric locomotive pantograph debugging and maintenance intelligent training system includes a fault setting unit, a debugging and maintenance unit and a fault diagnosis unit, wherein the fault setting unit includes a teacher computer, a student computer, a fault IO communication board, and a fault module; the debugging and maintenance unit includes a pantograph operating unit 1, a pantograph control unit 1, a pantograph control unit 2, a pantograph operating unit 2, a pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1, a pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2, an air source and an air source control unit; the fault diagnosis unit includes a distributed acquisition module 1, a distributed acquisition module 2, a distributed acquisition module 3, a distributed acquisition module 4, a central control unit and a touch all-in-one machine.

[0037] In the fault setting unit:

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the teacher machine interface includes a student management module, a training management module, and a maintenance and assessment management module, wherein the student management module is used to add, modify, and delete student records; the training management module is used to add, modify, and delete training questions and test papers; the maintenance and assessment management module is used to set up maintenance plans, send maintenance test papers, and recycle maintenance test papers;

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the student machine interface includes a training assessment module, an avatar collection module, and a communication module, wherein the training assessment module is used to receive training test papers, handle faults, submit papers, and return current scores; the avatar collection module is used to collect student information and determine student training assessment qualifications; the communication module is used to generate and eliminate practical training system faults through the RS232 bus. Receiving test papers, sending answers, and receiving information are achieved through Ethernet communication;

[0040] like Figure 8-15 As shown, the fault IO communication board circuit includes a rectifier and filter circuit, a DC step-down circuit, and an RS232 bus to 32-way parallel bus control circuit, wherein the rectifier and filter circuit rectifies the external AC 9V power supply into a DC 12.6V; the DC step-down circuit converts the DC 12.6V power into a DC 5V power supply, and is supplemented by a D31 light-emitting diode indicator to indicate the working status of the power supply, the rectified 12.6V is supplied to the parallel circuit, and the stabilized 5V power supply is used for the single-chip circuit and the RS232 bus circuit; the RS232 bus to 32-way parallel bus control circuit receives the student machine fault information through the RS232 bus, decodes it through the single-chip circuit, and the single-chip output serial signal is converted into a parallel signal through U2, U4, U5 and U7, which is used to control the fault relay to form an electrical line break, wrong wiring, device short circuit, and contact short circuit fault;

[0041] The fault module includes a 32-way parallel bus fault control circuit, which uses the received fault control information to form an actual electrical circuit fault on the training system, allowing trainees to handle the fault according to the fault diagnosis information provided by the fault diagnosis unit;

[0042] The central control unit contains a circuit mathematical logic model, which receives the operation data of the training system in real time and dynamically through the circuit mathematical logic model, performs logical operations and control output in real time, and displays it in real time on the touch all-in-one machine interface;

[0043] The touch all-in-one machine interface display content can be synchronized with the debugging and maintenance unit circuit according to the pantograph control process. When the pantograph operation unit issues a corresponding control instruction, the various components of the pantograph control unit can perform corresponding logical actions, and the touch all-in-one machine interface can perform synchronous flow actions. The grounding wire is represented by a khaki line, the flow process is represented by a red flow, and the last and completed circuit logic is represented by green; the touch all-in-one machine interface displays the pantograph electrical circuit schematic in real time, dynamically and in vector form. The interface is provided with left and right switching operation buttons for browsing and viewing each electrical circuit schematic diagram. The electrical circuit schematic diagram screen can be arbitrarily enlarged, reduced, and translated without image distortion; an electrical circuit dynamic flow speed adjustment bar is provided in the upper right corner of the touch all-in-one interface for adjusting the electrical circuit flow speed, so that students can understand the logical operation process of the electrical circuit; a return key is provided for returning to the main interface; a maximize key is provided for expanding the electrical circuit schematic diagram in full screen according to the screen size; a circuit dynamic flow pause key is provided for pausing the circuit dynamic flow process, so that students can master the logical operation process of the electrical circuit; an exit key is provided for exiting the system from the electrical circuit interface;

[0044] The connection relationship between the various parts of the fault setting unit is as follows: the teacher computer and the student computer are connected through the Ethernet C / S mode, the teacher computer interface inputs the work number to determine the management authority of the student, can automatically or manually set the fault and reset the fault, receive the student computer information and send the assessment results; the student computer and the fault IO communication board are connected through the RS232 bus, the work number is entered in the student computer interface, the student information is collected through the head portrait collection module, all the information is transmitted to the teacher computer to determine the training qualification, the student computer operation through the student interface to answer the fault, the fault is automatically restored, and the assessment results are directly fed back to the teacher computer; the fault IO communication board is connected to the fault module to realize the conversion of the teacher computer fault information into a fault control signal; the fault module is embedded in the pantograph operation unit 1, the pantograph control unit 1, the pantograph control unit 2, the pantograph operation unit 2, the pantograph lifting execution module 1, and the pantograph lifting execution module 2 to realize the generation and elimination of the pantograph electrical line fault;

[0045] In the debugging and maintenance unit:

[0046] like Figure 6 As shown: the pantograph lifting execution module includes: a mechanism panel 11, a base support 12, a fixed support 13, a cylinder support 14, a cylinder 15, a cylinder connecting seat 16, a push rod 17, a connecting rod hinge sleeve 18, a lower connecting rod 19, a hinged connecting rod 20, a linkage rod 21, an upper bracket connecting rod 22, an upper connecting rod bracket 23, a support plate 24, and a slide plate 25, wherein the base support 12, the fixed support 13 and the cylinder support 14 are fixed or integrally arranged on the mechanism panel 11, the cylinder 15 is arranged on the cylinder support 14, the support plate 24 is arranged on the upper end of the upper connecting rod bracket 23, the slide plate 25 is arranged on the support plate 24, the lower connecting rod 19 is hinged on the fixed support 13, the hinged connecting rod 20 is hinged between the lower connecting rod 19 and the upper bracket connecting rod 22, the upper connecting rod bracket 23 is also hinged on the upper bracket connecting rod 22, and the linkage rod 21 is parallel to the upper bracket connecting rod 22.

[0047] The specific execution process of the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module is as follows:

[0048] The cylinder is used as the power, and the connecting rod mechanism principle is adopted. The cylinder lifting and retracting rod is used to push the cylinder connecting seat forward, which drives one end of the push rod to lift up, lift the upper bracket connecting rod, and the support plate supports the rise. The slide plate is connected to the support plate to complete the pantograph lifting process;

[0049] The gas rod lifting and retracting rod retracts, driving the cylinder connecting seat to move backward, pushing one end of the rod down, causing the upper bracket connecting rod to drop down, the support plate to support the lowering, and the slide plate to connect with the support plate, completing the pantograph lowering process;

[0050] like Figure 7 As shown: the driving air circuit of the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module includes: a pressure-stabilized air source 30, an air supply switch 31, an oil-water separator 32, a hand sliding valve 33, a solenoid valve 34, a pantograph raising regulating valve 35, a pantograph lowering regulating valve 36 and a cylinder. The pressure-stabilized air source 30 is connected to the pantograph oil-water separator 32 through an air pipe, the air outlet at point A of the solenoid valve is connected to the pantograph lowering regulating valve, and the air outlet at point B is connected to the pantograph raising regulating valve. The pantograph lowering regulating valve 36 is connected to the head end of the cylinder, and the pantograph raising regulating valve 35 is connected to the tail end of the cylinder.

[0051] The stabilized air source continuously provides air with a pressure value of more than 400KPa, turns on the air supply switch, connects to the pantograph oil-water separator through the air pipe, automatically removes the moisture in the air pipe, reduces the failure rate of the solenoid valve and cylinder, opens the hand slide valve, and introduces compressed air to the solenoid valve air inlet point P. At this time, the solenoid valve coil is not energized, the solenoid valve point P air inlet is connected to the point A air outlet, the point B air outlet is connected to the exhaust port point S, and the compressed air flows into the cylinder through the pantograph lowering regulating valve, causing the piston in the cylinder to retreat, the piston returns to the bottom of the cylinder, and the compressed air in the cylinder is discharged into the solenoid valve point B air outlet, and the excess pantograph raising compressed air is discharged through the exhaust port point S, and the cylinder lifting and retracting rod retracts into place, realizing the pantograph lowering work;

[0052] The coil of the pantograph raising solenoid valve is energized, the air inlet at point P of the solenoid valve is connected to the air outlet at point B, and the air outlet at point A is connected to the exhaust port at point R. The compressed air flows into the cylinder through the pantograph raising regulating valve, causing the piston in the cylinder to move forward, the piston moves to the top of the cylinder, and the compressed air in the cylinder is discharged to the air outlet at point A of the solenoid valve, and the excess pantograph lowering compressed air is discharged through the exhaust port at point R. The cylinder lifting and retracting rod is extended to the position, and the pantograph completes the pantograph raising work.

[0053] The connection relationship between the various parts of the debugging and maintenance unit is: pantograph operation unit 1 and pantograph control unit

[0054] Element 1 is connected to the pantograph control unit 2 to control the logical actions of the pantograph control unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 2; the pantograph operating unit 2 is connected to the pantograph control unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 2 to control the logical actions of the pantograph control unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 2; the pantograph control unit 1 is connected to the pantograph control unit 2 to receive instructions from the pantograph operating unit to control their respective logical actions; the pantograph control unit 1 is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1 to realize the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1 according to the logic of the pantograph control unit 1; the pantograph control unit 2 is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2 to realize the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2 according to the logic of the pantograph control unit 2; the air source and the air source control unit are connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1 and the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2 to realize ventilation and air supply to the above modules;

[0055] The connection relationship between the various parts of the fault diagnosis unit is as follows: the central control unit is connected to the touch all-in-one machine through the Ethernet bus to display the current real-time status of the pantograph electrical line; the central control unit is connected to the distributed acquisition module 1, the distributed acquisition module 2, the distributed acquisition module 3, and the distributed acquisition module 4 through the CANopen bus to diagnose and process the data collected by the above modules, classify them by level, and automatically store them; the distributed acquisition module 1 of the pantograph electrical line is connected to the pantograph operation unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 1 to collect the current logical states of the above units, and output signals to perform logical control on the pantograph control unit 1; the distributed acquisition module 2 is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1 to collect the current logical states of the modules and the pressure value in the trachea; the distributed acquisition module 3 is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2 to collect the current logical states of the modules and the pressure value in the trachea; the distributed acquisition module 4 is connected to the pantograph operation unit 2 and the pantograph control unit 2 to collect the current logical states of the above units and modules, and output signals to perform logical control on the pantograph control unit 2.

[0056] like Figure 4 Shown: An intelligent training method for electric locomotive pantograph debugging, including debugging preparation, system operation debugging and signal interlocking debugging, pantograph execution module debugging, and whole group linkage debugging steps.

[0057] The commissioning preparation training steps include equipment inspection, wiring inspection, drawing proofreading, tool collection, air supply switch on, equipment power supply establishment, and intelligent detection interface opening.

[0058] Equipment inspection: whether the grounding or zero connection of electrical equipment is reliable, whether the specifications and models of each circuit breaker and protective device meet the design requirements; wiring inspection: whether the wiring is neatly arranged, the wire insulation is good and undamaged, the internal protective conductor has exposed terminals connected to the external protective conductor, and whether there are problems with virtual connection or missing connection at the wiring point; drawing proofreading: whether the electrical drawing is the electrical drawing of the current equipment, whether there are missing pages or unclearness, and whether the debugging steps are accurate and unambiguous; tool collection: 1 multimeter, 1 cross screwdriver, 1 flat screwdriver, spring scale, stopwatch; turn on the air supply switch to check for leaks; before closing the equipment circuit breaker, confirm that there is no short circuit fault; touch the all-in-one machine to open the intelligent detection interface;

[0059] The system operation debugging and signal interlocking debugging training steps include the debugging of pantograph raising and lowering. According to the pantograph circuit control mode, the debugging operation of other pantographs, the current pantograph and double pantographs can be carried out. The specific debugging methods are as follows: Figure 16-19 As shown,

[0060] Before closing the circuit breaker, confirm that there is no short-circuit fault;

[0061] S1, close the battery circuit breaker (DJ1-BA), close the pantograph circuit breaker (CC1-PT);

[0062] S2. In the state of S1, ensure that the locomotive operation transfer switch (Z1-SEC) is in the normal position (normally closed), the test transfer switch (Z1-BB) is in the normal position (normally closed), and the grid voltage simulation switch (Z1-PP) is in the simulation position (normally closed); or ensure that the locomotive operation transfer switch (Z1-SEC) is in the isolation position (normally open), the test transfer switch (Z1-BB) is in the test position (normally open), and the grid voltage simulation switch (Z1-PP) is in the normal position (normally open);

[0063] S3. In the state of S2, ensure that the pantograph removal switch (Z1-U99) is in the normal position (normally closed), the warehouse transfer switch (Z1-QUAI) is in the normal position (disconnected), and the warehouse relay (Q1-QUAI) remains in the normally closed state. The preparation for raising the pantograph in this section is completed, and the electric key in the driver's cab (Z1-MES) is closed;

[0064] S4. In the state of S3, when one and only one of the bow raising relay 1 (Q1-PT1) and bow raising relay 2 (Q1-PT2) is activated, the bow raising solenoid valve (VE1-PT) can be activated to complete the bow raising of this section;

[0065] S5.1. In the state of S3, turn the pantograph key switch (Z1-PT) to the pantograph raising position, and the pantograph control relay 1 (Q1-PTZ1) will operate;

[0066] S5.2. In the state of S3, turn the pantograph key switch (Z1-PT) to zero position, and the pantograph control relay 2 (Q1-PTZ2) will operate;

[0067] S5.3, in the state of S3, turn the pantograph key switch (Z1-PT) to the pantograph lowering position, and the pantograph control relay 3 (Q1-PTZ3) will operate;

[0068] S6. In the state of S5.1, the pantograph raising contactor (C1-PT) is closed;

[0069] S7, in the state of S5.3, the pantograph raising contactor (C1-PT) is disconnected;

[0070] S8, when the high-voltage isolating switch (Z1-HT) of this section is placed in the normal position (closed), the high-voltage isolating switch relay 1 (Q1-HT1) is activated;

[0071] S9, when the high-voltage isolating switch (Z2-HT) is in the normal position (closed), the high-voltage isolating switch relay 2 (Q1-HT2) is activated;

[0072] S10. When the pantograph isolation switch (Z1-ISPT1) of this section is placed in the isolation position (closed), the pantograph isolation relay (Q1-ISPT1) of this section is activated, and the pantograph isolation display (L1-ISPT1) of this section lights up;

[0073] S11, when the other section pantograph isolating switch (Z1-ISPT2) is placed in the isolation position (closed), the pantograph isolating relay (Q1-ISPT2) of this section is activated, and the pantograph isolating display (L1-ISPT2) of this section lights up;

[0074] S12.1, in the state of S1.5, when the high-voltage disconnector (Z1-HT) of this section is in the normal position (closed), the high-voltage disconnector (Z2-HT) of the other section is in the normal position (closed), when the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT1) of this section is in the normal position (open), when the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT2) of the other section is in the normal position (open), the pantograph raising relay 2 (Q2-PT2) of the other section is actuated to complete the raising of the other section's pantograph;

[0075] S12.2, in the state of S1.5, when the high-voltage disconnector (Z1-HT) of this section is in the normal position (closed), the high-voltage disconnector (Z2-HT) of other sections is in the normal position (closed), when the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT1) of this section is in the normal position (open), and the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT2) of other sections is in the isolation position (closed), the pantograph raising relay 1 (Q1-PT1) of this section is actuated to complete the pantograph raising of this section;

[0076] S12.3, in the state of S1.5, when the high-voltage disconnector (Z1-HT) of this section is placed in the disconnected position (disconnected), the high-voltage disconnector (Z2-HT) of the other section is placed in the disconnected position (disconnected), when the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT1) of this section is placed in the normal position (disconnected), when the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT2) of the other section is placed in the normal position (disconnected), the pantograph raising relay 1 (Q1-PT1) of this section is actuated and the pantograph raising relay 2 (Q2-PT2) of the other section is actuated, completing the double pantograph raising;

[0077] S12.4, in the state of S1.5, when the high-voltage disconnector (Z1-HT) of this section is placed in the disconnected position (disconnected), the high-voltage disconnector (Z2-HT) of the other section is placed in the disconnected position (disconnected), when the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT1) of this section is placed in the normal position (disconnected), when the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT2) of the other section is placed in the disconnected position (closed), the pantograph raising relay 1 (Q1-PT1) of this section is actuated to complete the pantograph raising of this section;

[0078] S12.5, in the state of S1.5, when the high-voltage disconnector (Z1-HT) of this section is placed in the isolation position (disconnected), the high-voltage disconnector (Z2-HT) of the other section is placed in the isolation position (disconnected), and the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT1) of this section is placed in the isolation position (closed), the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT2) of the other section cannot be raised no matter what position it is in;

[0079] S12.6, in the state of S1.5, when one of the high-voltage disconnector (Z1-HT) of this section and the high-voltage disconnector (Z2-HT) of the other section is in the normal position (closed) and the other is in the isolation position (open), the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT1) of this section is in the normal position (open), and no matter what position the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT2) of the other section is in, only the pantograph raising relay 1 (Q1-PT1) of this section is actuated to complete the pantograph raising of this section;

[0080] The distributed acquisition module collects the current pantograph circuit parameters in real time and summarizes them to the central control unit through the network. The central control unit diagnoses and processes the data collected by the above modules according to the mathematical model of its internal circuit system, realizes hierarchical classification and automatic storage, and is used to determine whether the current debugging process meets the debugging step requirements.

[0081] The debugging training steps of the pantograph execution module are as follows: adjusting the pantograph raising time, pantograph lowering time, pantograph static contact pressure, and pantograph lowering position sensor distance; reasonably adjusting the pantograph lowering regulating valve, raising the pantograph, and using a stopwatch to measure the time t<3 seconds for the pantograph to rise from the pantograph lowering position to the contact network. After raising the pantograph, use a leak tester to test the air duct joint, pantograph raising solenoid valve components, and pipelines for air leakage to see if there is any air leakage; when testing the pantograph static contact pressure, hang a spring scale in the middle of the slide plate 25, and measure the static contact pressure of 20 ± 2N within the range of 20cm-30cm; reasonably adjusting the pantograph raising regulating valve, lowering the pantograph, and using a stopwatch to measure the time t<3 seconds for the pantograph to fall from the contact network to the pantograph lowering position; adjusting the pantograph lowering position sensor distance. When the pantograph is in the pantograph lowering position, the linkage rod 21 touches the pantograph lowering position sensor, and the distribution acquisition module detects the pantograph lowering signal and transmits it to the central control unit through the network, and the pantograph lowering position is displayed on the intelligent detection interface of the touch all-in-one machine;

[0082] The whole group linkage debugging steps are: after completing the system operation debugging, signal interlocking debugging, and pantograph execution module debugging, the whole group linkage debugging of the system is carried out.

[0083] Pantograph raising function debugging: close the circuit breaker, operate the transfer switch, test the transfer switch, and the grid voltage simulation switch are normal, the pantograph removal switch and the storage transfer switch are normal, close the driver's key, put the pantograph toggle switch in the pantograph raising position, close the pantograph raising control relay, close the pantograph raising contactor, close the high-voltage isolating switch relay, close the pantograph raising relay, turn on the pantograph raising solenoid valve, and the compressed air enters the cylinder evenly through the solenoid valve. The cylinder piston compresses the pantograph lowering spring in the cylinder, lifts the upper frame and the slide plate, and the pantograph rises at a uniform speed and then contacts the contact network;

[0084] Pantograph lowering function debugging: The pantograph toggle switch is placed in the lowering position, the lowering control relay is closed, the pantograph raising contactor circuit is destroyed, the pantograph raising contactor loses power and disconnects, which in turn causes the pantograph raising relay to disconnect, the pantograph raising solenoid valve to lose power, and the compressed air in the cylinder is quickly discharged to the atmosphere through the pantograph raising solenoid valve. Under the action of the pantograph lowering spring, the force of the pantograph raising spring is overcome, causing the pantograph to quickly drop and detach from the contact network;

[0085] According to the above debugging steps, the distributed acquisition module collects the current pantograph circuit parameters and pantograph execution module status information in real time and summarizes them to the central control unit through the network. The central control unit calculates the model parameters and the current control process based on the mathematical model of its internal circuit system, and displays whether the current debugging process meets the debugging step requirements on the intelligent detection interface of the touch all-in-one machine.

[0086] like Figure 5 As shown: An intelligent training method for electric locomotive pantograph maintenance, including pantograph maintenance training steps, after debugging the electrical circuit, fault setting, diagnosis, troubleshooting, and disposal can be performed.

[0087] Among them, the specific usage of the teacher computer is as follows:

[0088] In the student information, click "Student Information" under the "Student Management" menu or double-click "Student Information" under "Student Management" on the left toolbar to display the student information management interface. Click "Add Record" in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click in the table to select "Add Record" to pop up the interface for adding student information. Enter the student number, name, gender, and password respectively. Right-click in the photo box and select the "Upload Photo" menu, then click "Save and Add" or Save and Exit.

[0089] For the student record to be modified, click 'Modify Record' in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click in the table and select 'Modify Record' to pop up the interface for modifying student information. Modify the information to be modified, and then click the 'Save and Add' or 'Save and Exit' button;

[0090] To delete student information, click 'Delete Record' in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click in the table and select the 'Delete Record' menu;

[0091] Maintenance training results Click "Maintenance training results" under the "Student Management" menu or double-click "Maintenance training results" under "Student Management" on the left toolbar to display the maintenance training results interface;

[0092] Click the "Score Search" in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click in the table and select "Score Search" to pop up the training score search interface. The query fields include class, maintenance name, maintenance equipment, maintenance date, student number, name, and score. Select the field, comparison operator, and comparison value you want to search in the table, click the Add button, you can add multiple fields, comparison operators, and comparison values, and finally click the "OK" button to perform a combined search;

[0093] The training management module includes two modules: maintenance test paper editing and maintenance status. Click "Maintenance Test Paper Editing" under the "Training Management" menu or double-click "Maintenance Test Paper Editing" under "Training Management" on the left toolbar. The maintenance training editing interface appears. There are two tables in the figure. The upper one is the maintenance test paper table, and the lower one is the maintenance test question table;

[0094] The editing of the examination papers includes adding, modifying and deleting, and the editing of the examination questions includes adding, modifying, deleting and viewing the examination question details;

[0095] Click 'Add' - 'Test Paper' in the toolbar at the top of the interface, or right-click in the maintenance test paper table and select 'Add' to pop up the interface for adding maintenance test papers. Enter the test paper number, test paper name, and equipment type respectively, click the small button on the right to select the equipment name, and then click 'Save and Add' or 'Save and Exit';

[0096] Select a row in the maintenance test paper table, click 'Modify' in the toolbar at the top of the interface, or right-click in the maintenance test paper table and select 'Modify' to pop up the interface for modifying the maintenance test paper, then modify the content to be modified, and click 'Save and Add' or 'Save and Exit';

[0097] Select a row in the test paper table, click "Delete" in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click and select "Delete";

[0098] When you need to add questions to the maintenance test paper, click 'Add' - 'Question' in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click in the question table and select 'Add' to pop up the maintenance question editing interface. Select the fault you want to set in the "Select" column of the upper table, and then fill in "Score / Fault", "Wrong Answer Deduction / Times", "Number of Answers" in the table below, and click the "OK" button;

[0099] When you need to modify the maintenance test questions, click 'Modify' - 'Test Questions' in the toolbar at the top of the interface, or right-click in the test question table and select 'Modify' to pop up the maintenance test question editing interface. The operation is the same as adding a record.

[0100] To delete a question, select a row in the question table, click "Delete" in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click and select "Delete";

[0101] If you need to view the details of a question, select a row in the question table, click "Question Details" in the toolbar at the top of the interface, or right-click and select "Question Details" to pop up the interface.

[0102] Click "Maintenance Status" under the "Training Management" menu or double-click "Maintenance Status" under "Training Management" on the left toolbar to display the training maintenance status interface;

[0103] Click "Maintenance Inspection" in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click with the mouse and select "Maintenance Inspection" to pop up the maintenance inspection interface;

[0104] Click "Single Submission" in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click and select "Single Submission", and the system will immediately send the results to the student's computer;

[0105] Click "Submit All" in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click and select "Submit All", and the system will immediately send the scores to all students' computers;

[0106] Click "Maintenance Plan" under the "Maintenance Assessment" menu or double-click "Maintenance Plan" under "Maintenance Assessment" on the left toolbar to display the maintenance training plan interface. Select the content to be repaired in the "Maintenance Selection" column. If multiple contents are selected, the system will send the content randomly. Enter the maintenance name and maintenance time respectively. "Answer Tips" refers to the corresponding prompts for students during the troubleshooting process. Finally, click the "OK" button to complete the maintenance plan setting;

[0107] When the maintenance plan needs to be deleted, select a row in the table, click "Delete Settings" in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click the mouse and select "Delete Settings".

[0108] Select a row in the table, click "Start Maintenance" in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click and select "Start Maintenance", and the student computers that meet this plan will enter maintenance mode;

[0109] When the maintenance plan needs to be ended, delete the selected row in the table, click "End Maintenance" in the toolbar at the top of the interface or right-click and select "End Maintenance". The student computers that meet this plan will end the maintenance and the results will be sent to the student computers.

[0110] The specific usage of the student machine is as follows:

[0111] Double-click the student login interface on the student computer, enter the corresponding account and password, and the avatar collection module will automatically collect the student information and automatically compare it with the student account, password and avatar information pre-stored on the teacher computer. Only after verification is qualified can the student perform maintenance operations;

[0112] Enter the practical training and maintenance interface and test whether the communication with the hardware is normal;

[0113] If the inspection content is not displayed after logging in, you can click the "Get Coupon" button;

[0114] Select the current maintenance question in the maintenance question table, then enter the cause of the fault and the problem in the answer sheet, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; through Ethernet communication, the teacher computer receives the fault information uploaded by the current student computer, and compares it with its own fault database information. If the two are consistent, the fault is eliminated and the current maintenance operation is completed;

[0115] You can press the "Submit Paper" button within the maintenance time range. If you do not submit the paper, the system will automatically submit the paper when the time is up.

[0116] Pantograph control system maintenance training: When the pantograph control system is working normally, the student login information is set in the student management module of the teacher computer, the location of the line fault point that needs to be repaired is set in the training management module, and the time and content of the repair are selected in the repair assessment management module. The student computer receives the fault information, which is converted into a fault control signal through the fault IO communication board, and an actual fault is formed in the fault module. The distributed acquisition module collects the current logical state of the debugging and repair unit device, and the acquisition module summarizes it to the central control unit through the CANopen bus. The central control unit establishes the model parameters and the current control process according to the mathematical model of its internal circuit system, and calculates them as the basis for fault detection and diagnosis, and displays the current fault location on the circuit interface of the touch all-in-one machine;

[0117] The system can set up multiple faults, and one or more fault combinations can be selected in a single training. The first fault phenomenon: the pantograph raising solenoid valve is energized, the air pressure is within the normal range, and the pantograph cannot be raised into place; the second fault phenomenon: the cab electric key (Z1-MES) is closed, the toggle switch (Z1-PT) is turned to the pantograph raising position, and the pantograph does not raise; the third fault phenomenon: the cab electric key (Z1-MES) is closed, the toggle switch (Z1-PT) is turned to the pantograph lowering position, the pantograph can be raised normally but cannot be lowered; the fourth fault phenomenon: when operating the pantograph raising and lowering of this section on pantograph operating unit 1, the battery circuit breaker (DJ1-BA) trips, and when operating the pantograph raising and lowering on pantograph operating unit 2, the battery circuit breaker (DJ1-BA) will not trip; the fifth fault phenomenon: when operating on pantograph operating unit 1, the pantographs of other sections cannot be raised or lowered, and the pantographs can be raised or lowered normally on pantograph operating unit 2; the sixth fault phenomenon: when operating on pantograph operating unit 2, The operation logic of the pantographs in other sections and this section is chaotic; the seventh fault phenomenon: when operating the pantograph operating unit 2, the pantograph is automatically raised when the toggle switch is in the zero position, and there is no action when the pantograph is in the raised position, and the pantograph is lowered normally; the eighth fault phenomenon: the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1 cannot raise the pantograph; the ninth fault phenomenon: the electric locomotive is parked in the maintenance warehouse, and the roof pantograph needs to be repaired. The warehouse conversion switch of the operating unit 1 is switched to the warehouse position, and the pantograph module 1 can still raise the pantograph; the tenth fault phenomenon: when the pantograph isolation switch (Z2-ISPT2) of other sections is placed in the isolation position (closed) in the operating unit 2, the pantograph isolation relay (Q2-ISPT2) of this section is activated, and the pantograph isolation display (L2-ISPT2) of this section is not lit; the eleventh fault phenomenon: when the pantograph module 2 is raised or lowered in the operating unit 1, the battery circuit breaker (DJ2-BA) of the control unit 2 is tripped, and when the pantograph module 2 is raised or lowered in the operating unit 2, the battery circuit breaker (DJ2-BA) is also tripped.

[0118] During the maintenance work, trainees should comply with the applicable equipment manual and various safety regulations, and not carry other personal-related facilities; and the locomotive pantograph circuit voltage must be DC 100V±5V; the air source pressure must be above 400KPa, and the air supply switch must be turned on.

[0119] The specific maintenance implementation method for the first fault phenomenon is:

[0120] One instructor sets the current bow-lift regulating valve fault on the teacher's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, generates faults through the fault IO communication board, guides students to troubleshoot and handle faults, and is responsible for on-site safety;

[0121] One student logs in to the student computer, inputs faults on the answer sheet, and inspects pantograph operation, fault handling, and key items;

[0122] Students apply to power on the device, receive the master key, and receive the pantograph circuit diagram;

[0123] Tools to be collected: 1 multimeter, 1 Phillips screwdriver, 1 slotted screwdriver, spring scale, stopwatch;

[0124] Fault phenomenon: The pantograph interface of the touch integrated machine shows that the pantograph lifting execution module 2 fails to raise the pantograph; the pantograph lifting execution module 2 automatically lowers the pantograph;

[0125] Fault cause analysis: Check whether the air source pressure is above 400KP and whether the air supply switch is turned on; check whether the air pressure on the pantograph oil-water separator is above 400KP and whether the hand-sliding valve is open; press the manual switch button of the pantograph raising solenoid valve to check whether the solenoid valve can work normally; according to the pantograph raising situation, reasonably adjust the pantograph raising air volume and pantograph lowering air volume;

[0126] Fault handling: According to the above fault cause analysis, the pantograph air circuit was checked and the pantograph raising and regulating valve was adjusted. It was found that the pantograph raising and regulating valve was not adjusted in place. The fault diagnosis unit checked that the pantograph was not raised in place for a long time, triggering the pantograph lowering signal. Input "Pantograph 2 pantograph raising and regulating valve needs to be adjusted" in the trainee machine training interface, click the "Troubleshoot" button, and power on the test to confirm that the pantograph raising and lowering status is normal. The fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated.

[0127] Click the "Submit" button to complete the inspection and recycle the tool;

[0128] The specific maintenance implementation method for the second fault phenomenon is:

[0129] One instructor sets the pantograph control relay 1 (Q1-PTZ1) fault on the instructor's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, generates faults through the fault IO communication board, guides students in fault troubleshooting, and is responsible for on-site safety;

[0130] like Fig. 20 As shown, the fault relay KA1 is controlled by the faulty IO communication board, and the normally closed contact is disconnected. Since the normally closed contact of KA1 is connected in series in line 1187, line 1187 is disconnected, resulting in a power failure of the pantograph control relay 1 (Q1-PTZ1);

[0131] One student logs in to the student computer, inputs faults on the answer sheet, and inspects pantograph operation, fault handling, and key items;

[0132] Fault phenomenon: When the toggle switch (Z2-PT) is operated on the pantograph operating unit 2, the pantographs of this section and other sections can be raised and lowered. When the toggle switch (Z1-PT) is operated on the pantograph operating unit 1, the pantographs of this section and other sections cannot be raised. The intelligent diagnosis module records the fault, analyzes and determines that the problem is with the operating unit 1 and the control unit 1. The pantograph interface of the touch all-in-one machine shows that the pantograph raising control circuit is not energized.

[0133] Fault cause analysis: Is line 1186 broken? Is the pantograph raising position switch of the toggle switch (Z1-PT) damaged and unable to conduct? Is the coil of pantograph control relay 1 (Q1-PTZ1) damaged and unable to attract? Is line 1187 broken, causing pantograph control relay 1 to be unable to receive power? Is line 1405 broken, causing the coil of pantograph control relay 1 to lack 0V power?

[0134] Fault handling: Check the debugging and maintenance unit by powering off, and use the multimeter's on / off position to measure whether line 1186 is conductive; put the toggle switch (Z1-PT) in the bow raising position, and use the test lead to measure whether it is conductive; it is found that line 1187 is not conductive, the coil is normal, and line 1405 is normal; enter "line 1187 is broken" in the student machine training interface, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher machine receives the fault problem information uploaded by the student machine, and compares it with its own fault database information. If the two are consistent, the normally closed contact of the fault relay KA1 is closed when the power is off, and the line 1187 is broken. The student power-on test confirms that the bow raising and lowering status is normal, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated;

[0135] Click the "Submit" button to complete the inspection and recycle the tool;

[0136] The specific maintenance implementation method for the third fault phenomenon is:

[0137] One instructor, who sets the pantograph raising contactor (C1-PT) on the instructor's computer to cause the pantograph to be lowered without power failure after it is energized, sends the operation to the student's computer, generates faults through the fault IO communication board, guides students in troubleshooting, and is responsible for on-site safety;

[0138] like Fig. 20 As shown, the fault relay KA2 is controlled by the faulty IO communication board, the normally open contact is closed, and the normally open contact of KA2 is connected in parallel with the normally closed contact of the pantograph control relay 3 (Q1-PTZ3), resulting in the failure to disconnect the pantograph contactor (C1-PT) after it is energized;

[0139] Fault phenomenon: When the toggle switch (Z2-PT) is operated on the pantograph operating unit 2, the pantographs of this section and other sections can be raised and lowered. When the toggle switch (Z1-PT) is operated on the pantograph operating unit 1, the pantographs of this section and other sections cannot be lowered. The intelligent diagnosis module records the fault, analyzes and determines the problem of the operating unit 1 and the control unit 1. The touch all-in-one pantograph interface shows that the pantograph raising and holding circuit must not be powered off to lower the pantograph.

[0140] Fault cause analysis: Is the normally open contact of pantograph control relay 1 (Q1-PTZ1) short-circuited and turned on? Is the normally closed contact of pantograph control relay 3 (Q1-PTZ3) unable to disconnect? Is the pantograph contactor (C1-PT) de-energized, and there is a foreign object stuck inside, resulting in insufficient elastic force and failure to reset.

[0141] Fault handling: Check the power supply of the debugging and maintenance unit, and use the on-off position of the multimeter to measure whether the normally open contact of the pantograph control relay 1 (Q1-PTZ1) is disconnected; press the top linkage mechanism of the pantograph control relay 3 (Q1-PTZ3) with a flat-blade screwdriver, and use the multimeter probe to measure whether the normally closed contact is disconnected. It is found that the normally closed contact is still conducting; use a flat-blade screwdriver to continuously press the top linkage mechanism of the pantograph contactor (C1-PT), and observe that the reset spring works normally, and the contactor closes and opens smoothly without sticking; enter "normally closed contact of pantograph control relay 3 short-circuited" in the training interface of the trainee machine, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher machine receives the fault problem information uploaded by the trainee machine and compares it with its own fault database information. The two are consistent, the normally open contact of the fault relay KA2 is disconnected when it is powered off, and the fault of the pantograph contactor cannot be powered off is eliminated; the power-on test confirms that the pantograph lifting and lowering status is normal, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated;

[0142] Click the "Submit" button to complete the inspection and recycle the tool;

[0143] The specific maintenance implementation method for the fourth fault phenomenon is:

[0144] One instructor sets the short circuit fault of the current pantograph relay 1 (Q1-PT1) on the teacher's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, generates faults through the fault IO communication board, guides students to troubleshoot and handle faults, and is responsible for on-site safety;

[0145] like Fig. 20 , 24As shown, the fault relay KA3 is controlled by the fault IO communication board, the normally open contact is closed, the normally closed contact is disconnected, the normally closed contact of KA3 is disconnected, the 1405 line cannot directly reach the coil A2 end, the 1203 line directly reaches the Q1-PT1 coil A2 end through the KA3 normally open contact, the Q1-PT1 coil A1 and A2 ends are at the same potential at this time, and reaches the 1405 line through the KA3 normally open contact through the current limiting resistor R1. At this time, the current loaded to R1 by the 1203 and 1405 lines exceeds the rated current of the battery circuit breaker (DJ1-BA), and the circuit breaker automatically trips;

[0146] Fault phenomenon: When operating the toggle switch (Z1-PT) on pantograph operation unit 1, the pantographs of other sections can be raised or lowered. When operating the pantograph of this section, the battery circuit breaker (DJ1-BA) trips. The intelligent diagnosis module records the operation sequence and the time and duration of relay power-on in real time. It records that the circuit breaker trips when the pantograph raising relay 1 is powered. The touch-screen pantograph interface shows that the coil of the pantograph raising relay 1 (Q1-PT1) is short-circuited.

[0147] Fault cause analysis: The coil of the bow-lifting relay 1 (Q1-PT1) is short-circuited; the freewheeling diode module of the bow-lifting relay 1 (Q1-PT1) is short-circuited;

[0148] Fault handling: Check the power supply of the debugging and maintenance unit, pry off the Q1-PT1 freewheeling diode module with a flat-blade screwdriver, and use the on-off position of the multimeter to measure the module without short circuit; use the test lead to measure the two ends of the coil and find that the coil is short-circuited; enter "bow-lifting relay 1 (Q1-PT1) coil short circuit" in the student machine training interface, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher machine receives the fault problem information uploaded by the student machine and compares it with its own fault database information. The two are consistent, the normally open contact of the fault relay KA3 is disconnected, and the short circuit fault of the bow-lifting relay 1 coil is eliminated; the power-on test confirms that the operating unit 1 can operate this section of the bow normally, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated;

[0149] Click the "Submit" button to complete the inspection and recycle the tool;

[0150] The specific maintenance implementation method for the fifth fault phenomenon is:

[0151] One instructor sets the fault of the other section pantograph relay 2 (Q2-PT2) on the teacher's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, generates faults through the fault IO communication board, guides students to troubleshoot and handle faults, and is responsible for on-site safety;

[0152] like Fig.21 As shown, the fault relay KA4 is controlled by the faulty IO communication board, and the normally closed contact is disconnected. Because the normally closed contact is connected in series with the 2405 line, there is no 0V line at the A2 end of the other section's bow-lifting relay 2;

[0153] Fault phenomenon: When operating the toggle switch (Z2-PT) on pantograph operation unit 1, the pantographs of other sections cannot be raised, but the pantograph of this section can be operated. When operating unit 2, the pantographs of other sections and this section can be operated normally. The intelligent diagnosis module records the operation sequence and the time and duration of relay power-on in real time, and records that the pantograph-raising relay 2 of other sections cannot be powered normally. The pantograph interface of the touch all-in-one machine shows that the circuit of the pantograph-raising relay 2 of other sections is not powered.

[0154] Fault cause analysis: Operation unit 1 can operate the pantograph of this section but cannot operate the pantograph of other sections. It is necessary to check whether the normally closed contact of the pantograph isolation relay (Q1-ISPT1) of this section is damaged and cannot be turned on; whether the 1193, 1197, 1199, 1201, and 1204 lines are broken; whether the diode is damaged and cannot be turned on; whether the normally closed contact of the pantograph isolation relay (Q1-ISPT2) of this section is damaged and cannot be turned on; whether the bridge line 5 is loose and cannot be turned on; whether the 2205 and 2405 lines are broken; whether the coil of the pantograph lifting relay 2 of other sections is damaged and cannot be energized;

[0155] Fault handling: Check the power supply of the debugging and maintenance unit, and use the multimeter on-off mode to measure the normally closed contact of the pantograph isolation relay (Q1-ISPT2) in this section. Put the red test lead on the positive pole of the diode and the black test lead on the negative pole. The resistance 2K range measures the diode and shows 430±5Ω. The reverse measurement is infinite, indicating that the diode is normal and not damaged. Use the on-off mode to measure the 1193, 1197, 1199, 1201, and 1204 lines in turn. The normally closed contact of the pantograph isolation relay (Q1-ISPT2) is normally conductive. Both ends of the bridge line 5 are installed reliably and are normally conductive. 220 5 line is normal; the resistance of the coil of the other section bow raising relay 2 is measured with the resistance 2K gear, which is 1935±10Ω, indicating that the coil is normal; the 2405 line is measured with the on-off gear, and it is not conductive; enter "2405 line is disconnected" in the training interface of the student machine, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher machine receives the fault problem information uploaded by the student machine, and compares it with its own fault database information. The two are consistent, the normally closed contact of the fault relay KA4 is disconnected, and the fault of the other section bow raising relay 2 is eliminated; the power-on test confirms that the operating unit 1 can operate the other section bow normally, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated;

[0156] Click the "Submit" button to complete the inspection and recycle the tool;

[0157] The specific maintenance implementation method for the sixth fault phenomenon is:

[0158] One instructor sets a diode short-circuit fault between lines 2200 and 2201 on the teacher's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, generates faults through the fault IO communication board, guides students in fault troubleshooting, and is responsible for on-site safety;

[0159] like Fig.21 As shown, the fault relay KA5 is controlled by the faulty IO communication board, and the normally open contact is closed. Because the normally open contact is connected in parallel across the diode between lines 2200 and 2201, there is a problem with the pantograph control logic of the pantograph control unit 2;

[0160] Fault phenomenon: When the pantograph operating unit 2 operates the toggle switch (Z2-PT) to raise the pantograph,

[0161] The normally open contacts of high-voltage isolating switch relay 1 (Q2-HT1) and high-voltage isolating switch relay 2 (Q2-HT2) in control unit 2 are closed. Under normal logic, Q1-PT2 of control unit 1 is energized and the pantograph is raised. Now Q2-PT1 can also be energized and the pantograph is raised. When the pantograph isolating switch (Z2-ISPT1) of this section of control unit 2 is placed in the isolation position, the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2 of this section can be isolated. When the pantograph isolating switch (Z2-ISPT2) of another section of control unit 2 is placed in the isolation position, the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1 of another section can be isolated. The intelligent diagnosis module records the operation sequence and the time and duration of relay energization in real time, and records the abnormal energization of pantograph raising relay 1 (Q2-PT1) of control unit 2. The pantograph interface of the touch all-in-one machine displays the abnormal energization of the pantograph raising relay.

[0162] Fault cause analysis: Control unit 1 and control unit 2, when the high-voltage isolating switches (Z1-HT) and (Z2-HT) of this section are not cut off at the same time, the double bow can be raised by turning the toggle switch in the operating unit 2. At this time, it is necessary to check the diode between the 2200 and 2201 lines, and check whether the contacts of Q2-HT1 and Q2-HT2 are damaged;

[0163] Fault handling: Check the power supply of the debugging and maintenance unit. For the diode between the 2200 and 2201 lines, put the red test lead on the positive electrode of the diode and the black test lead on the negative electrode. The diode is measured at the 2K resistance and the display shows 0Ω. The reverse measurement shows 0Ω, indicating that the diode is short-circuited. Use the on-off gear to measure the contacts of Q2-HT1 and Q2-HT2 in turn. They are normal. Enter "the diode between the 2200 and 2201 lines is short-circuited" in the training interface of the trainee machine, and click the "Troubleshoot" button. The teacher machine receives the fault problem information uploaded by the trainee machine and compares it with its own fault database information. The two are consistent. The normally open contact of the fault relay KA5 is disconnected when the power is off, and the abnormal power-on fault of the control unit 2 pantograph relay 1 (Q2-PT1) is eliminated. The power-on test confirms that the operation logic of the pantographs of other sections and this section of the operation unit 2 is normal, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated.

[0164] Click the "Submit" button to complete the inspection and recycle the tool;

[0165] The specific maintenance implementation method for the seventh fault phenomenon is:

[0166] 1 instructor, set the wrong wiring between lines 2188 and 2187 on the teacher's computer, send the operation to the student's computer, generate faults through the faulty IO communication board, guide students to troubleshoot and handle faults, and be responsible for on-site safety;

[0167] like Fig.21 As shown, the fault relay KA6 is controlled by the faulty IO communication board, the normally closed contact is disconnected, and the normally open contact is closed, which causes the control operation unit 1 toggle switch zero position output line 2188 to be connected to the Q2-PTZ1 coil A1 terminal by mistake, and the rise bow output line 2187 to be connected to the Q2-PTZ2 coil A1 terminal by mistake;

[0168] Fault phenomenon: When operating the toggle switch on operating unit 2, the pantograph cannot be raised in the pantograph raising position, but can be raised in the zero position. The intelligent diagnosis module records the operation sequence and the time and duration of relay power-on in real time, and records that Q2-PTZ2 is powered in the pantograph raising position and Q2-PTZ1 is powered in the zero position. The pantograph interface of the touch integrated machine displays abnormal power-on of the relay.

[0169] Fault cause analysis: 2188 and 2187 lines are wired incorrectly;

[0170] Fault handling: Check the power supply of the debugging and maintenance unit, use the on-off position of the multimeter to measure the connection between the 2188 line of the zero position of the toggle switch and the Q2-PTZ1 coil A1, and the connection between the 2187 line of the pantograph position of the toggle switch and the Q2-PTZ2 coil A1; input "2187 and 2188 lines are connected incorrectly" in the training interface of the trainee machine, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher machine receives the fault information uploaded by the trainee machine and compares it with its own fault database information. If the two are consistent, the fault relay KA6 is powered off, and the faults of the zero position and pantograph position of the toggle switch are eliminated; the power-on test confirms that the pantographs of other sections and this section of the operation unit 2 are operating normally, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated;

[0171] Click the "Submit" button to complete the inspection and recycle the tool;

[0172] The specific maintenance implementation method for the eighth fault phenomenon is:

[0173] One instructor sets the 1179 line disconnection fault on the teacher's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, generates faults through the fault IO communication board, guides students to troubleshoot and handle faults, and is responsible for on-site safety;

[0174] like Fig. 22 As shown, the fault relay KA7 is controlled by the faulty IO communication board, and the normally closed contact is disconnected. Because the normally closed contact of KA7 is connected in series in line 1179, line 1179 is disconnected;

[0175] Fault phenomenon: When the operating unit 1 operates the toggle switch to raise the pantograph, the pantograph module 2 can be raised, but the pantograph module 1 cannot be raised; when the operating unit 2 operates the toggle switch to raise the pantograph, the pantograph module 2 can be raised, but the pantograph module 1 cannot be raised; the intelligent diagnosis module diagnoses that the control circuit of the pantograph raising solenoid valve of the control unit 1 cannot be energized, and the pantograph raising solenoid valve 1 of the touch all-in-one machine interface cannot be energized;

[0176] Fault cause analysis: The control circuit of the pantograph solenoid valve of control unit 1 is not energized, and other relays are energized normally. There may be a fault in the relay contact or a problem in the line; check whether the locomotive operation conversion switch (Z1-SEC), test conversion switch (Z1-BB), and network voltage simulation switch (Z1-PP) are in normal position, and whether the normally closed contacts are normally conductive; check whether 1170, 1171, 1173, 1175, 1176, 1177, 1178, 1179, 1180, and 1405 are broken or not conductive; whether the contacts of Q1-PT1 and Q1-PT2 are normal and not damaged; whether the pantograph removal switch (Z1-U99) is in the removal position, and whether the normally closed contacts are normal; whether the contacts of the warehouse relay (Q1-QUAI) are normal; check whether the coil of the pantograph solenoid valve (VE1-PT) is normal;

[0177] Fault handling: Check the power supply of the debugging and maintenance unit. The locomotive operation switch (Z1-SEC), test switch (Z1-BB), and grid voltage simulation switch (Z1-PP) are all in normal positions. Use a multimeter to measure the normally closed contacts. They are all conductive. 1170, 1171, 1173, and 1175 lines are also conductive. Q1-PT1 and Q1-PT2 contacts are normal. 1176, 1177, and 1178 lines are normal. The pantograph cut-off switch is not in the cut-off position. The normally closed contacts are normal. Check It was found that the 1179 line was broken, resulting in the lack of 100±5V power to the pantograph solenoid valve 1; the pantograph solenoid valve 1 coil was checked to be normal and the 1405 line was conductive; input "1179 line is broken" in the student machine training interface and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher machine received the fault problem information uploaded by the student machine and compared it with its own fault database information. The two were consistent, the fault relay KA7 was powered off, and the 1179 line was restored; the power-on test confirmed that the pantograph module 1 could be raised and lowered normally, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface was eliminated;

[0178] Click the "Submit" button to complete the inspection and recycle the tool;

[0179] The specific maintenance implementation method for the ninth fault phenomenon is:

[0180] One instructor sets the 1181 line disconnection fault on the teacher's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, generates faults through the fault IO communication board, guides students to troubleshoot and handle faults, and is responsible for on-site safety;

[0181] like Fig. 22 As shown, the fault relay KA8 is controlled by the faulty IO communication board, and the normally closed contact is disconnected. Since the normally closed contact of KA8 is connected in series in line 1181, line 1181 is disconnected.

[0182] Fault phenomenon: The warehouse transfer switch (Z1-QUAI) is operated in the operation unit 1 and switched to the warehouse position, and the warehouse relay (Q1-QUAI) cannot be energized; the intelligent diagnosis module diagnoses that the control circuit of the warehouse relay (Q1-QUAI) cannot work, and the warehouse relay (Q1-QUAI) of the pantograph interface of the touch all-in-one machine cannot be energized;

[0183] Fault cause analysis: Is the 1170 line broken? Is the normally open contact conductive when Z1-QUAI switches to the storage position? Are the 1181 and 1405 lines conductive? Is the Q1-QUAI coil normal?

[0184] Fault handling: Check the power supply of the debugging and maintenance unit, and use the on-off position of the multimeter to measure the continuity of line 1170; switch Z1-QUAI to the storage position, and measure that the normally open contact is conductive at this time; check and find that line 1181 is broken and cannot be turned on; use the 2K resistance to measure the resistance value of Q1-QUAI to find 1935±10Ω, indicating that the coil is normal; measure the continuity of line 1405 in the on-off position; enter "line 1181 is broken" in the student machine training interface, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher machine receives the fault problem information uploaded by the student machine, and compares it with its own fault database information. The two are consistent, the fault relay KA8 is powered off, and line 1181 is restored to conduction; power on the test, switch Z1-QUAI to the storage position, confirm that pantograph module 1 cannot be raised, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated;

[0185] Click the "Submit" button to complete the inspection and recycle the tool;

[0186] The specific maintenance implementation method for the tenth fault phenomenon is:

[0187] One instructor sets the 2183 line disconnection fault on the teacher's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, generates faults through the fault IO communication board, guides students to troubleshoot and handle faults, and is responsible for on-site safety;

[0188] like Fig.23 As shown, the fault relay KA9 is controlled by the faulty IO communication board, and the normally closed contact is disconnected. Because the normally closed contact of KA9 is connected in series in line 2183, line 2183 is disconnected;

[0189] Fault phenomenon: When the pantograph isolation switch (Z2-ISPT2) of the operating unit 2 is placed in the isolation position (closed), the pantograph isolation relay (Q2-ISPT2) of this section is actuated, and the pantograph isolation display (L2-ISPT2) of this section is off;

[0190] Fault cause analysis: Is the 2183 line broken? Is the L2-ISPT2 indicator burnt out? Is the 2405 line broken?

[0191] Fault handling: Check the debugging and maintenance unit by powering off. Use the multimeter to measure the non-conduction of line 2183. Use the 20K resistance range to measure the resistance of the L2-ISPT2 indicator light to find it is 9.67KΩ, indicating that the indicator light is normal. Measure the continuity of line 2405. Enter "line 2183 is disconnected" in the training interface of the trainee computer and click the "Troubleshoot" button. The teacher computer receives the fault information uploaded by the trainee computer and compares it with its own fault database information. If the two are consistent, the fault relay KA9 is powered off and line 2183 is restored to conduction. Power on the test, switch the operation unit 2 Z2-ISPT2 to the isolation position, and the indicator light L2-ISPT2 is on.

[0192] Click the "Submit" button to complete the inspection and recycle the tool;

[0193] The specific maintenance implementation method for the eleventh fault phenomenon is:

[0194] One instructor sets the short circuit fault of the bow lifting solenoid valve (VE2-PT) on the teacher's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, generates faults through the fault IO communication board, guides students to troubleshoot and handle faults, and is responsible for on-site safety;

[0195] like Fig.23 , 24 As shown, the fault relay KA10 is controlled by the fault IO communication board, the normally open contact is closed, the normally closed contact is disconnected, the normally closed contact of KA10 is disconnected, the 2405 line cannot directly reach the coil A2 end, the 2180 line directly reaches the VE2-PT coil A2 end through the KA10 normally open contact, the VE2-PT coil A1 and A2 ends are at the same potential at this time, and reach the 2405 line through the KA10 normally open contact through the current limiting resistor R2. At this time, the current loaded to R2 by the 2180 line and the 2405 line exceeds the rated current of the battery circuit breaker (DJ2-BA), and the circuit breaker automatically trips;

[0196] Fault phenomenon: When the toggle switch (Z1-PT) is operated on the pantograph operating unit 1, the pantograph raising module 1 can be operated. When the pantograph raising module 2 is operated, the battery circuit breaker (DJ2-BA) trips; when the toggle switch (Z2-PT) is operated on the operating unit 2, the pantograph raising module 1 can be operated. When the pantograph raising module 2 is operated, the battery circuit breaker (DJ2-BA) trips again; the intelligent diagnosis module records the operation sequence and the time and duration of the relay power-on in real time, and records that the circuit breaker trips when the pantograph raising solenoid valve 2 is powered on. The touch all-in-one pantograph interface shows that the coil of the pantograph raising solenoid valve (VE2-PT) is short-circuited;

[0197] Fault cause analysis: The bow lifting solenoid valve (VE2-PT) is short-circuited;

[0198] Fault handling: The debugging and maintenance unit was powered off for inspection. The two ends of the bow lifting solenoid valve (VE2-PT) coil were measured with a meter pen and found to be short-circuited. In the training interface of the trainee machine, enter "bow lifting solenoid valve (VE2-PT) coil short-circuited" and click the "Troubleshoot" button. The teacher machine received the fault problem information uploaded by the trainee machine and compared it with its own fault database information. The two were consistent, the normally open contact of the fault relay KA10 was disconnected, and the bow lifting solenoid valve (VE2-PT) coil short-circuited fault was eliminated. The power-on test confirmed that the operation unit 1 and the operation unit 2 could operate the bow lifting module 2 normally, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface was eliminated.

[0199] Click the "Submit" button to complete the inspection and recycle the tool;

[0200] The above faults can appear in various combinations, which increases the difficulty of maintenance and meets the maintenance technology training requirements of trainees with different levels. The diagnostic prompts of the fault diagnosis unit can also be disconnected to further train trainees' logical search capabilities. The equipment can also be upgraded to increase fault points to meet the maintenance requirements of complex electrical circuit faults.

Claims

1. An intelligent training system for debugging and repairing electric locomotive pantographs, characterized in that: Including fault setting unit, debugging and maintenance unit and fault diagnosis unit, The debugging and maintenance unit includes a pantograph operating unit 1, a pantograph operating unit 2, a pantograph control unit 1, a pantograph control unit 2, a pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1, a pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2 and a gas source control unit. The pantograph operation unit 1 is connected to the pantograph control unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 2 respectively, so as to control the pantograph control unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 2 to perform logical actions; the pantograph operation unit 2 is connected to the pantograph control unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 2 respectively, so as to control the pantograph control unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 2 to perform logical actions; the pantograph control unit 1 is connected to the pantograph control unit 2, so as to receive instructions from the pantograph operation unit to control respective logical actions; the pantograph control unit 1 is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1, and the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1 is realized according to the logic of the pantograph control unit 1; the pantograph control unit 2 is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2, and the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2 is realized according to the logic of the pantograph control unit 2; the air source control unit is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1 and the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2 to realize the air supply to the above-mentioned pantograph lifting and lowering execution modules; The fault diagnosis unit includes distributed acquisition module 1, distributed acquisition module 2, distributed acquisition module 3, distributed acquisition module 4, a central control unit and a touch all-in-one machine. The central control unit is also connected to the distributed acquisition module 1, the distributed acquisition module 2, the distributed acquisition module 3, and the distributed acquisition module 4, and performs diagnostic processing on the data collected by the above modules to realize hierarchical classification and automatic storage; the distributed acquisition module 1 is connected to the pantograph operation unit 1 and the pantograph control unit 1, collects the current logical state of the above units, and outputs signals to perform logical control on the pantograph control unit 1; the distributed acquisition module 2 is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1, collects the current logical state and air pressure value of the execution module 1; the distributed acquisition module 3 is connected to the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 2, collects the current logical state and air pressure value of the execution module 2; the distributed acquisition module 4 is connected to the pantograph operation unit 2 and the pantograph control unit 2, collects the current logical state of the above units, and outputs signals to perform logical control on the pantograph control unit 2; the touch all-in-one machine is connected to the central control unit, and receives the trainee operation and maintenance data in real time through the central control unit, and displays the current state of the pantograph electrical circuit in real time on the touch all-in-one machine interface; Wherein, the fault setting unit includes a teacher computer, a student computer, a fault IO communication board, and a fault module. The teacher computer is connected to the student computer. The teacher computer is for teachers to use and can be used to receive and manage student computer information, design electrical circuit faults and generate test questions; the student computer is connected to the fault IO communication board, and the fault IO communication board is connected to the fault module to realize the conversion of the teacher computer fault information into a fault control signal; the fault module is also connected to the debugging and maintenance unit to realize the generation and elimination of pantograph electrical circuit faults; the student computer is for trainee training and maintenance. Trainees will handle the faults according to the above fault information prompts and the actual fault phenomena. By entering the fault cause and problem in the trainee computer training and maintenance interface, it can be checked whether the circuit can operate normally, complete the pantograph maintenance and upload the maintenance training information.

2. The intelligent training system for debugging and repairing electric locomotive pantograph according to claim 1 is characterized by: The pantograph lifting execution module includes a mechanism panel, a base frame support, a fixed support, a cylinder support, a cylinder, a cylinder connecting seat, a push rod, a connecting rod hinge sleeve, a lower connecting rod, a hinged connecting rod, a linkage rod, an upper bracket connecting rod, an upper connecting rod bracket, a support plate and a slide plate, wherein the base frame support, the fixed support and the cylinder support are fixed or integrally arranged on the mechanism panel, the cylinder is arranged on the cylinder support, the support plate is arranged on the upper end of the upper connecting rod bracket, the slide plate is arranged on the support plate, the lower connecting rod is hinged on the fixed support, the hinged connecting rod is hinged between the lower connecting rod and the upper bracket connecting rod, and the upper connecting rod bracket is also hinged on the upper bracket connecting rod; The driving air circuit of the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module includes a pressure-stabilized air source, an air supply switch, an oil-water separator, a hand-sliding valve, a solenoid valve, a pantograph raising regulating valve, a pantograph lowering regulating valve and a cylinder. The pressure-stabilized air source is connected to the pantograph oil-water separator through an air pipe. The air outlet at point A of the solenoid valve is connected to the pantograph lowering regulating valve, and the air outlet at point B is connected to the pantograph raising regulating valve. The pantograph lowering regulating valve is connected to the front end of the cylinder, and the pantograph raising regulating valve is connected to the rear end of the cylinder. When the pressure value provided by the stabilized air source is above the set value, the air supply switch and the hand slide valve are turned on to introduce the compressed air into the air inlet point P of the solenoid valve. At this time, the solenoid valve coil is not energized, the air inlet point P of the solenoid valve is connected with the air outlet point A, and the air outlet point B is connected with the exhaust port point S. The compressed air flows into the cylinder through the pantograph lowering regulating valve, causing the piston in the cylinder to retreat, and the compressed air in the cylinder is discharged into the air outlet point B of the solenoid valve, and the excess pantograph raising compressed air is discharged through the exhaust port point S, and the cylinder lifting and retracting rod retracts into place, realizing the pantograph lowering work; The coil of the pantograph raising solenoid valve is energized, the air inlet at point P of the solenoid valve is connected to the air outlet at point B, the air outlet at point A is connected to the exhaust port at point R, and the compressed air flows into the cylinder through the pantograph raising regulating valve, causing the piston in the cylinder to move forward, and the compressed air in the cylinder is discharged to the air outlet at point A of the solenoid valve, and the excess pantograph lowering compressed air is discharged through the exhaust port at point R, and the cylinder lifting and retracting rod is extended into place, enabling the pantograph to complete the pantograph raising work.

3. The intelligent training system for debugging and repairing electric locomotive pantograph according to claim 1 is characterized by: In the fault setting unit, The teacher machine interface has a student management module, a training management module, and a maintenance and assessment management module, wherein the student management module is used to add, modify, and delete student operation records; the training management module is used to add, modify, and delete training questions and test papers; the maintenance and assessment management module is used to generate maintenance plans, send, and recover maintenance test papers; The student computer interface has a training assessment module, a student information collection module, and a communication module, wherein the training assessment module is used to receive training test papers, handle faults, and submit papers; the student information collection module is used to collect student information so that the teacher can determine the training assessment qualifications of the student through the teacher computer; the communication module is used to generate and eliminate training system faults; The fault IO communication board circuit includes an RS232 bus to 32-way parallel bus control circuit, which receives the fault information of the trainee machine, decodes it through the single-chip circuit, transmits the decoded instructions to the serial to parallel circuit, converts it into a fault control signal, controls the fault relay, and then forms an electrical line break, wrong wiring, device short circuit, and contact short circuit fault; The fault module includes 32 parallel bus fault control circuits, which convert the received fault control information into actual electrical circuit faults on the training system.

4. An intelligent training method for debugging and repairing electric locomotive pantographs, characterized in that: Including pantograph commissioning training steps and pantograph maintenance training steps, The pantograph debugging training steps include debugging preparation, system operation debugging and signal interlocking debugging, pantograph execution module debugging and whole group linkage debugging steps. The distributed acquisition module collects the current pantograph circuit parameters and pantograph execution module status information in real time and aggregates them to the central control unit through the network. The central control unit calculates the model parameters and the current control process, and displays whether the current debugging process meets the debugging step requirements on the touch all-in-one machine intelligent detection interface; After completing the system operation debugging, signal interlocking debugging, and pantograph execution module debugging, the whole system linkage debugging is carried out, and when the above debugging is completed and in normal working state, the pantograph control system maintenance training step is entered; The steps of pantograph control system maintenance training are as follows: set the student login information in the student management module of the teacher computer, set the location of the line fault point that needs to be repaired in the training management module, and select the time and content of the maintenance in the maintenance assessment management module. The student computer receives the fault information, which is converted into a fault control signal through the fault IO communication board, and an actual fault is formed in the fault module. The distributed acquisition module collects the current logical state of the debugging and maintenance unit device, and the acquisition module summarizes it to the central control unit through the CANopen bus. The central control unit establishes the model parameters and the current control process according to the mathematical model of its internal circuit system for calculation as the basis for fault detection and diagnosis, and displays the current fault location on the circuit interface of the touch all-in-one machine.

5. The intelligent training method for debugging and repairing electric locomotive pantograph according to claim 4 is characterized by: In the pantograph debugging training, the system operation debugging and signal interlocking debugging steps include: pantograph raising and lowering debugging. According to the pantograph circuit control mode, the debugging operation of other pantographs, the current pantograph and double pantographs can be performed. The specific debugging methods are as follows: Before closing the circuit breaker, confirm that there is no short-circuit fault; S1, close the battery circuit breaker (DJ1-BA) and the pantograph circuit breaker (CC1-PT); S2. In the state of S1, ensure that the locomotive operation transfer switch (Z1-SEC) and the test transfer switch (Z1-BB) are in the normal position, and the grid voltage simulation switch (Z1-PP) is in the simulation position, or ensure that the locomotive operation transfer switch (Z1-SEC) is in the isolation position, the test transfer switch (Z1-BB) is in the test position, and the grid voltage simulation switch (Z1-PP) is in the normal position; S3. In the state of S2, ensure that the pantograph removal switch (Z1-U99) and the warehouse transfer switch (Z1-QUAI) are in the normal position, the warehouse relay (Q1-QUAI) remains in the normally closed state, and the preparation for raising the pantograph in this section is completed. Close the cab electric key (Z1-MES); S4. In the state of S3, when one and only one of the bow raising relay 1 (Q1-PT1) and bow raising relay 2 (Q1-PT2) is activated, the bow raising solenoid valve (VE1-PT) can be activated to complete the bow raising of this section; S5.

1. In the state of S3, turn the pantograph key switch (Z1-PT) to the pantograph raising position, and the pantograph control relay 1 (Q1-PTZ1) will operate; S5.

2. In the state of S3, turn the pantograph key switch (Z1-PT) to zero position, and the pantograph control relay 2 (Q1-PTZ2) will operate; S5.

3. In the state of S3, turn the pantograph key switch (Z1-PT) to the pantograph lowering position, and the pantograph control relay 3 (Q1-PTZ3) will operate; S6. In the state of S5.1, the pantograph raising contactor (C1-PT) is closed; S7, in the state of S5.3, the pantograph raising contactor (C1-PT) is disconnected; S8, when the high-voltage isolating switch (Z1-HT) of this section is placed in the normal position, the high-voltage isolating switch relay 1 (Q1-HT1) is activated; S9, when the high-voltage isolating switch (Z2-HT) is placed in the normal position, the high-voltage isolating switch relay 2 (Q1-HT2) is activated; S10. When the pantograph isolation switch (Z1-ISPT1) of this section is placed in the isolation position, the pantograph isolation relay (Q1-ISPT1) of this section is activated, and the pantograph isolation display (L1-ISPT1) of this section lights up; S11. When the pantograph isolation switch (Z1-ISPT2) of the other section is placed in the isolation position, the pantograph isolation relay (Q1-ISPT2) of this section is activated, and the pantograph isolation display (L1-ISPT2) of this section lights up; S12.1, in the state of S5.1, the high-voltage disconnector (Z1-HT) of this section and the high-voltage disconnector (Z2-HT) of other sections are placed in the normal position, and when the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT1) of this section and the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT2) of other sections are placed in the normal position, the pantograph raising relay 2 (Q2-PT2) of other sections is actuated to complete the pantograph raising of other sections; S12.2, in the state of S5.1, when the high-voltage disconnector (Z1-HT) of this section and the high-voltage disconnector (Z2-HT) of other sections are placed in the normal position, and the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT1) of this section and the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT2) of other sections are placed in the isolation position, the pantograph raising relay 1 (Q1-PT1) of this section is actuated to complete the pantograph raising of this section; S12.3, in the state of S5.1, when the high-voltage disconnector (Z1-HT) of this section and the high-voltage disconnector (Z2-HT) of other sections are placed in the isolation position, and the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT1) of this section and the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT2) of other sections are placed in the normal position, the pantograph raising relay 1 (Q1-PT1) of this section is actuated and the pantograph raising relay 2 (Q2-PT2) of other sections is actuated, completing the double pantograph raising; S12.4, under the state of S5.1, the high-voltage disconnector (Z1-HT) of this section and the high-voltage disconnector (Z2-HT) of other sections are placed in the isolation position, the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT1) of this section is placed in the normal position, the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT2) of other sections is placed in the isolation position, and the pantograph raising relay 1 (Q1-PT1) of this section is actuated to complete the pantograph raising of this section; S12.5, in the state of S5.1, when the high-voltage disconnector (Z1-HT) of this section and the high-voltage disconnector (Z2-HT) of other sections are placed in the isolation position, and the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT1) of this section is placed in the isolation position (closed), the pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT2) of other sections cannot complete the pantograph raising; S12.6, under the state of S5.1, one of the high-voltage disconnector (Z1-HT) of this section and the high-voltage disconnector (Z2-HT) of the other section is placed in the normal position, and the other is placed in the isolation position. The pantograph disconnector (Z1-ISPT1) of this section is placed in the normal position, and the pantograph raising relay 1 (Q1-PT1) of this section is actuated to complete the pantograph raising of this section; The distributed acquisition module collects the current pantograph circuit parameters in real time and summarizes them to the central control unit through the network. The central control unit diagnoses and processes the data collected by the above modules, and classifies and automatically stores them by level to determine whether the current debugging process meets the debugging step requirements.

6. The intelligent training method for debugging and repairing electric locomotive pantograph according to claim 4 is characterized by: In the pantograph debugging training, the steps of the pantograph execution module debugging training include: adjusting the pantograph raising time, the pantograph lowering time, adjusting the pantograph static contact pressure, and adjusting the pantograph lowering position sensor distance; Reasonably adjust the pantograph lowering regulating valve, raise the pantograph, and use a stopwatch to measure the time t < 3 seconds for the pantograph to rise from the pantograph lowering position to the contact network. After raising the pantograph, use a leak tester to test the air duct joints, pantograph raising solenoid valve components and pipelines for leaks. During the pantograph static contact pressure test, a spring scale is hung in the middle of the slide in the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module, and the static contact pressure is measured within the range of 20cm-30cm to be 20 ± 2N; Adjust the pantograph raising regulating valve, lower the pantograph, and use a stopwatch to measure the time it takes for the pantograph to drop from the contact network to the pantograph lowering position (t < 3 seconds); Adjust the distance of the pantograph position sensor. When the pantograph is in the pantograph lowering position, the linkage rod touches the pantograph position sensor. The distributed acquisition module detects the pantograph lowering signal and transmits it to the central control unit through the network. The pantograph lowering is displayed on the intelligent detection interface of the touch screen.

7. The intelligent training method for debugging and repairing electric locomotive pantograph according to claim 4 is characterized by: In the whole set of linkage debugging steps, the linkage debugging of pantograph raising and lowering is carried out. Pantograph raising function debugging: close the circuit breaker, operate the transfer switch, test the transfer switch, and the grid voltage simulation switch are normal, the pantograph removal switch and the storage transfer switch are normal, close the driver's key, put the pantograph toggle switch in the pantograph raising position, close the pantograph raising control relay, close the pantograph raising contactor, close the high-voltage isolating switch relay, close the pantograph raising relay, turn on the pantograph raising solenoid valve, and the compressed air enters the cylinder evenly through the solenoid valve. The cylinder piston compresses the pantograph lowering spring in the cylinder, lifts the upper frame and the slide plate, and the pantograph rises at a uniform speed and then contacts the contact network; Pantograph lowering function debugging: the pantograph toggle switch is placed in the pantograph lowering position, the pantograph lowering control relay is closed, the pantograph raising and holding contactor circuit is destroyed, the pantograph raising and holding contactor loses power and disconnects, which in turn causes the pantograph raising relay to disconnect, the pantograph raising solenoid valve to lose power, and the compressed air in the cylinder is rapidly discharged into the atmosphere through the pantograph raising solenoid valve, and under the action of the pantograph lowering spring, the force of the pantograph raising spring is overcome, causing the pantograph to rapidly drop and detach from the contact network.

8. The intelligent training method for debugging and repairing electric locomotive pantograph according to claim 4 is characterized by: The system can be set with multiple faults, and one or more fault combinations can be selected for a single training. The first fault phenomenon: the pantograph raising solenoid valve is energized, the air pressure is within the normal range, and the pantograph cannot be raised; the second fault phenomenon: the cab electric key (Z1-MES) is closed, the toggle switch (Z1-PT) is turned to the pantograph raising position, and the pantograph does not raise; the third fault phenomenon: the cab electric key (Z1-MES) is closed, the toggle switch (Z1-PT) is turned to the pantograph lowering position, the pantograph can be raised normally but cannot be lowered; the fourth fault phenomenon: the pantograph raising and lowering of this section is operated in the pantograph operating unit 1, The battery circuit breaker (DJ1-BA) trips, and the pantograph is raised or lowered in the pantograph operating unit 2, and the battery circuit breaker (DJ1-BA) will not trip; the fifth fault phenomenon: when operating in the pantograph operating unit 1, the pantographs of other sections cannot be raised or lowered, and the pantographs can be raised or lowered normally in the pantograph operating unit 2; the sixth fault phenomenon: when operating in the pantograph operating unit 2, the operation logic of the pantographs of other sections and this section is chaotic; the seventh fault phenomenon: when operating in the pantograph operating unit 2, the pantograph is automatically raised when the toggle switch is in the zero position, and there is no action when the pantograph is raised, and the pantograph is lowered normally; The eighth fault phenomenon: the pantograph lifting and lowering execution module 1 cannot raise the pantograph; The ninth fault phenomenon: the electric locomotive is parked in the maintenance warehouse, and the roof pantograph needs to be repaired. The warehouse conversion switch of the operating unit 1 is switched to the warehouse position, and the pantograph module 1 can still be raised; the tenth fault phenomenon: when the pantograph isolation switch (Z2-ISPT2) of the operating unit 2 is placed in the isolation position (closed), the pantograph isolation relay (Q2-ISPT2) of this section is actuated, and the pantograph isolation display (L2-ISPT2) of this section is not lit; the eleventh fault phenomenon: when the pantograph module 2 is raised or lowered in the operating unit 1, the battery circuit breaker (DJ2-BA) of the control unit 2 is tripped, and when the pantograph module 2 is raised or lowered in the operating unit 2, the battery circuit breaker (DJ2-BA) is also tripped; Specific steps for the first type of fault maintenance training: A1. The teacher sets the current bow lifting regulating valve fault on the teacher computer, sends the operation to the student computer, and generates a fault through the fault IO communication board; A2. The touch integrated machine displays that the pantograph lifting execution module 2 has not raised the pantograph into place, and the pantograph lifting execution module 2 automatically lowers the pantograph; A3. Trainees’ analysis of the cause of the fault: Check whether the air source pressure is above 400KP and whether the air supply switch is turned on; Check whether the air pressure on the pantograph oil-water separator is above 400KP and whether the hand-sliding valve is open; Press the manual switch button of the pantograph raising solenoid valve to check whether the solenoid valve can work normally; According to the pantograph raising status, reasonably adjust the pantograph raising air volume and pantograph lowering air volume; A4. Trainees deal with the fault: Check the pantograph gas circuit and adjust the pantograph raising and lowering regulating valve. It is found that the pantograph raising and lowering regulating valve is not adjusted properly. The fault diagnosis unit checks that the pantograph is not raised properly for a long time, triggering the pantograph lowering signal. Enter "Pantograph 2 pantograph raising and lowering regulating valve needs to be adjusted" on the trainee machine training interface, click the "Troubleshoot" button, and conduct a power-on test to confirm that the pantograph raising and lowering status is normal. The fault prompt on the touch screen interface is eliminated. Specific steps for the second type of fault maintenance training: B1. The teacher sets the pantograph control relay 1 (Q1-PTZ1) fault on the teacher computer, sends the operation to the student computer, and generates a fault through the fault IO communication board; B2. The fault diagnosis unit records the fault and analyzes and determines that the pantograph operation unit 1 and pantograph control unit 1 have problems. The pantograph lifting control circuit is displayed as not energized on the touch screen pantograph interface. B3. Trainees analyze the cause of the fault: Is line 1186 broken? Is the pantograph raising position switch of the toggle switch (Z1-PT) damaged and unable to conduct? Is the coil of the pantograph control relay 1 (Q1-PTZ1) damaged and unable to attract? Is line 1187 broken, causing the pantograph control relay 1 to be unable to receive power? Is line 1405 broken, causing the pantograph control relay 1 coil to lack 0V power? B4. Fault handling by trainees: Check the debugging and maintenance unit by powering off, and use the on / off position of the multimeter to measure whether line 1186 is conductive; put the toggle switch (Z1-PT) in the bow raising position, and use the test lead to measure whether it is conductive; it is found that line 1187 is not conductive, the coil is normal, and line 1405 is normal; enter "line 1187 is broken" in the trainee machine training interface, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher machine receives the fault problem information uploaded by the trainee machine, and compares it with its own fault database information. The two are consistent, the normally closed contact of the fault relay KA1 is closed when the power is off, and the line 1187 is broken. The trainee's power-on test confirms that the bow raising and lowering status is normal, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated; Specific steps for the third type of fault maintenance training: C1. The teacher sets the pantograph raising contactor (C1-PT) on the teacher's computer to cause the pantograph lowering to be powered off after the pantograph raising contactor (C1-PT) is closed. The operation is sent to the student's computer, and a fault is generated through the fault IO communication board. C2. The fault diagnosis unit records the fault, analyzes and determines that the pantograph operation unit 1 and pantograph control unit 1 have problems. The touch screen pantograph interface shows that the pantograph raising and holding circuit must not be powered off to lower the pantograph. C3. Trainees analyze the cause of the fault: whether the normally open contact of pantograph control relay 1 (Q1-PTZ1) is short-circuited and conductive; whether the normally closed contact of pantograph control relay 3 (Q1-PTZ3) cannot be disconnected; the pantograph contactor (C1-PT) loses power, and there is a foreign object stuck inside, resulting in insufficient elastic force and failure to reset; C4. Fault handling by trainees: Power off the debugging and maintenance unit for inspection, and use the multimeter's on / off position to measure whether the normally open contact of the pantograph control relay 1 (Q1-PTZ1) is disconnected; use a flat-blade screwdriver to press the top linkage mechanism of the pantograph control relay 3 (Q1-PTZ3), and use the multimeter probe to measure whether the normally closed contact is disconnected, and it is found that the normally closed contact is still conducting; use a flat-blade screwdriver to continuously press the top linkage mechanism of the pantograph contactor (C1-PT), and observe that the reset spring works normally, and the contactor closes and opens smoothly without sticking; enter "normally closed contact of pantograph control relay 3 short-circuited" on the trainee machine training interface, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher machine receives the fault problem information uploaded by the trainee machine, and compares it with its own fault database information. The two are consistent, the normally open contact of the fault relay KA2 is disconnected when it is powered off, and the pantograph contactor cannot be powered off. The fault is eliminated; the power-on test confirms that the pantograph lifting and lowering status is normal, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated; Specific steps for the fourth type of fault maintenance training: D1. The teacher sets the short circuit fault of the current bow-raising relay 1 (Q1-PT1) on the teacher's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, and generates a fault through the fault IO communication board; D2. The fault diagnosis unit records the operation sequence and the time and duration of relay power-on in real time. It records that the circuit breaker trips when the pantograph relay 1 is powered on, and the touch-screen pantograph interface shows that the coil of the pantograph relay 1 (Q1-PT1) is short-circuited. D3. The trainees analyzed the cause of the fault: the coil of the bow-lifting relay 1 (Q1-PT1) was short-circuited; the freewheeling diode module of the bow-lifting relay 1 (Q1-PT1) was short-circuited; DD. Fault handling by trainees: Check the debugging and maintenance unit by powering off, pry off the Q1-PT1 freewheeling diode module with a flat-blade screwdriver, and measure the module with the help of the multimeter on and off mode to find that there is no short circuit; use the test lead to measure both ends of the coil and find that the coil is short-circuited; enter "bow-lifting relay 1 (Q1-PT1) coil short circuit" on the trainee machine training interface, and click the "troubleshoot" button; the teacher machine receives the fault problem information uploaded by the trainee machine and compares it with its own fault database information. The two are consistent, the normally open contact of the fault relay KA3 is disconnected, and the short circuit fault of the bow-lifting relay 1 coil is eliminated; the power-on test confirms that the operating unit 1 can operate this section of the bow normally, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated; Specific steps for the fifth type of fault maintenance training: E1. The teacher sets the fault of the other section bow raising relay 2 (Q2-PT2) on the teacher computer, and the operation is sent to the student computer, and the fault is generated through the fault IO communication board; E2. The fault diagnosis unit records the operation sequence and the time and duration of relay power-on in real time. It records that the other section pantograph relay 2 cannot be powered normally. The touch all-in-one machine pantograph interface shows that the other section pantograph relay 2 circuit cannot be powered. E3. Trainees analyze the cause of the fault: Operation unit 1 can operate the pantograph of this section but cannot operate the pantograph of other sections. It is necessary to check whether the normally closed contact of the pantograph isolation relay (Q1-ISPT1) of this section is damaged and cannot be turned on; whether the 1193, 1197, 1199, 1201, and 1204 lines are broken; whether the diode is damaged and cannot be turned on; whether the normally closed contact of the pantograph isolation relay (Q1-ISPT2) of this section is damaged and cannot be turned on; whether the bridge line 5 is loose and cannot be turned on; whether the 2205 and 2405 lines are broken; whether the coil of the pantograph lifting relay 2 of other sections is damaged and cannot be energized; E4. Trainees’ handling of faults: Check the power supply of the debugging and maintenance unit by powering off, and use the multimeter on / off mode to measure the conduction of the normally closed contact of the pantograph isolation relay (Q1-ISPT2) in this section; put the red test lead on the positive pole of the diode and the black test lead on the negative pole, and measure the diode with the resistance 2K mode, and the display shows 430±5Ω, and the reverse measurement is infinite, indicating that the diode is normal and not damaged; use the on / off mode to measure the conduction of 1193, 1197, 1199, 1201, and 1204 lines in turn; the normally closed contact of the pantograph isolation relay (Q1-ISPT2) is normally conducted; both ends of the bridge line 5 are installed reliably and are normally conducted; The 2205 line is normal; the resistance of the other section bow raising relay 2 coil is measured with the resistance 2K gear, and the value is 1935±10Ω, indicating that the coil is normal; the 2405 line is measured with the on-off gear, and it is not conducting; input "2405 line is disconnected" in the training interface of the student computer, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher computer receives the fault problem information uploaded by the student computer, and compares it with the information in its own fault database. The two are consistent, the normally closed contact of the fault relay KA4 is disconnected, and the other section bow raising relay 2 is not powered on. The fault is eliminated; the power-on test confirms that the operating unit 1 can operate the other section bow normally, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated; Specific steps for the sixth type of fault maintenance training: F1. The teacher sets a diode short-circuit fault between lines 2200 and 2201 on the teacher computer, and the operation is sent to the student computer, generating a fault through the faulty IO communication board; F2, the fault diagnosis unit records the operation sequence and the time and duration of relay power-on in real time, and records the abnormal power-on of the pantograph relay 1 (Q2-PT1) of the control unit 2, and the pantograph interface of the touch integrated machine displays the abnormal power-on of the pantograph relay; F3. Trainees analyze the cause of the fault: Control unit 1 and control unit 2, when the high-voltage isolating switches (Z1-HT) and (Z2-HT) of this section are not cut off at the same time, the double bow can be raised by turning the toggle switch in the operating unit 2. At this time, it is necessary to check the diode between the 2200 and 2201 lines, and check whether the contacts of Q2-HT1 and Q2-HT2 are damaged; F4. Fault handling by trainees: Check the power supply of the debugging and maintenance unit. Put the red test lead on the positive pole of the diode between the 2200 and 2201 lines and the black test lead on the negative pole. The diode is measured with the resistance 2K range and the display shows 0Ω. The reverse measurement shows 0Ω, indicating that the diode is short-circuited. Use the on-off range to measure the contacts of Q2-HT1 and Q2-HT2 in turn. They are normal. Enter "diode short circuit between 2200 and 2201 lines" on the trainee machine training interface and click the "Troubleshoot" button. The teacher machine receives the fault problem information uploaded by the trainee machine and compares it with its own fault database information. The two are consistent. The normally open contact of the fault relay KA5 is disconnected when the power is off, and the abnormal power supply fault of the pantograph relay 1 (Q2-PT1) of the control unit 2 is eliminated. The power-on test confirms that the operation logic of the pantographs of other sections and this section of the operation unit 2 is normal, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated. Specific steps for the seventh type of fault maintenance training: G1. The teacher made a wrong connection between lines 2188 and 2187 on the teacher computer, and the operation was sent to the student computer, generating a fault through the faulty IO communication board; G2, the fault diagnosis unit records the operation sequence and the time and duration of relay power-on in real time, and records that Q2-PTZ2 is powered when the pantograph is in the raised position and Q2-PTZ1 is powered when the pantograph is in the zero position. The pantograph interface of the touch-sensitive integrated machine displays abnormal power-on of the relay; G3. Trainees’ analysis of the cause of the fault: Lines 2188 and 2187 were connected incorrectly; G4. Fault handling by trainees: Check the debugging and maintenance unit by powering off, use the multimeter on and off position to measure that the 2188 line of the zero position of the toggle switch is connected to the Q2-PTZ1 coil A1, and the 2187 line of the pantograph position of the toggle switch is connected to the Q2-PTZ2 coil A1; input "2187 and 2188 lines are connected incorrectly" on the trainee machine training interface, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher machine receives the fault information uploaded by the trainee machine, and compares it with its own fault database information. If the two are consistent, the fault relay KA6 is powered off, and the faults of the zero position and pantograph position of the toggle switch are eliminated; the power-on test confirms that the pantographs of other sections and this section of the operation unit 2 are operating normally, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface is eliminated; Specific steps for the eighth type of fault maintenance training: H1. The teacher sets the 1179 line disconnection fault on the teacher's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, and generates a fault through the faulty IO communication board; H2. The fault diagnosis unit diagnoses that the control circuit of the pantograph lifting solenoid valve of control unit 1 cannot be powered, and the pantograph lifting solenoid valve 1 of the touch all-in-one machine interface cannot be powered; H3. Trainees’ analysis of the cause of the fault: The control circuit of the pantograph solenoid valve of control unit 1 is not energized, and other relays are energized normally. There may be a fault in the relay contact or a problem in the line; check whether the locomotive operation conversion switch (Z1-SEC), test conversion switch (Z1-BB), and network voltage simulation switch (Z1-PP) are in normal positions, and whether the normally closed contacts are normally conductive; check whether 1170, 1171, 1173, 1175, 1176, 1177, 1178, 1179, 1180, and 1405 are broken or not conductive; whether the contacts of Q1-PT1 and Q1-PT2 are normal and not damaged; whether the pantograph removal switch (Z1-U99) is in the removal position, and whether the normally closed contacts are normal; whether the contacts of the warehouse relay (Q1-QUAI) are normal; check whether the coil of the pantograph solenoid valve (VE1-PT) is normal; H4. Trainees’ handling of the fault: The debugging and maintenance unit was powered off for inspection. The locomotive operation switch (Z1-SEC), test switch (Z1-BB), and grid voltage simulation switch (Z1-PP) were all in normal positions. The normally closed contacts were all conductive when the multimeter was turned on and off. The 1170, 1171, 1173, and 1175 lines were also conductive. The Q1-PT1 and Q1-PT2 contacts were normal, and the 1176, 1177, and 1178 lines were normal. The pantograph cut-off switch was not in the cut-off position, and the normally closed contacts were normal. ; It was found that the 1179 line was broken, resulting in the lack of 100±5V electricity in the pantograph solenoid valve 1; the pantograph solenoid valve 1 coil was normal and the 1405 line was conductive; input "1179 line is broken" in the student machine training interface and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher machine received the fault problem information uploaded by the student machine and compared it with its own fault database information. The two were consistent, the fault relay KA7 was powered off, and the 1179 line was restored; the power-on test confirmed that the pantograph module 1 could be raised and lowered normally, and the fault prompt on the touch all-in-one machine interface was eliminated; Specific steps for the ninth type of fault maintenance training: I1. The teacher sets the 1181 line disconnection fault on the teacher's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, and generates a fault through the faulty IO communication board; I2. The fault diagnosis unit diagnosed that the control circuit of the warehouse relay (Q1-QUAI) could not work, and the touch all-in-one machine pantograph interface warehouse relay (Q1-QUAI) could not be energized; I3. Trainees analyze the cause of the fault: Is the 1170 line broken? Is the normally open contact conductive when Z1-QUAI is switched to the storage position? Are the 1181 and 1405 lines conductive? Is the Q1-QUAI coil normal? I4. Fault handling by trainees: Check the debugging and maintenance unit by powering off, and use the on-off position of the multimeter to measure the continuity of line 1170; switch Z1-QUAI to the storage position, and measure whether the normally open contact is conductive at this time; check and find that line 1181 is broken and cannot be conductive; use the 2K resistance to measure the resistance value of Q1-QUAI to find 1935±10Ω, indicating that the coil is normal; measure the continuity of line 1405 by the on-off position; enter "line 1181 is broken" in the training interface of the trainee computer, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher computer receives the fault problem information uploaded by the trainee computer, and compares it with the information in its own fault database. The two are consistent, the fault relay KA8 is powered off, and line 1181 is restored to conduction; power on test, switch Z1-QUAI to the storage position, confirm that pantograph module 1 cannot be raised, and the fault prompt on the touch screen interface is eliminated; Specific steps for the maintenance training of the tenth fault: J1. The teacher sets the 2183 line disconnection fault on the teacher's computer, sends the operation to the student's computer, and generates a fault through the faulty IO communication board; J2. The pantograph isolation display (L2-ISPT2) of this section is not lit; J3. Trainees analyze the cause of the fault: Is line 2183 broken? Is the indicator light of L2-ISPT2 burnt out? Is line 2405 broken? J4. Fault handling by trainees: Check the debugging and maintenance unit by powering off, and use the multimeter to measure the non-conduction of line 2183; use the 20K resistance range to measure the resistance of the L2-ISPT2 indicator light to find it is 9.67KΩ, indicating that the indicator light is normal; measure the continuity of line 2405; enter "line 2183 is disconnected" in the trainee computer training interface, and click the "Troubleshoot" button; the teacher computer receives the fault problem information uploaded by the trainee computer, and compares it with its own fault database information. If the two are consistent, the fault relay KA9 is powered off, and line 2183 is restored to conduction; power on the test, the operation unit 2 Z2-ISPT2 is switched to the isolation position, and the indicator light L2-ISPT2 is lit; Specific steps for the maintenance training of the eleventh fault: K1. The teacher sets the short circuit fault of the bow lifting solenoid valve (VE2-PT) on the teacher's computer, and sends the operation to the student's computer, generating a fault through the faulty IO communication board; K2, the fault diagnosis unit records the operation sequence and the time and duration of relay power-on in real time, and records that the circuit breaker trips when the pantograph solenoid valve 2 is powered on, and the touch-screen pantograph interface shows that the pantograph solenoid valve (VE2-PT) coil is short-circuited; K3. Trainees’ analysis of the cause of the fault: the bow lifting solenoid valve (VE2-PT) is short-circuited; K4. Fault handling by trainees: The debugging and maintenance unit was powered off for inspection. The two ends of the pantograph lifting solenoid valve (VE2-PT) coil were measured with a test lead and found to be short-circuited. "Pantograph lifting solenoid valve (VE2-PT) coil short-circuited" was entered in the trainee machine training interface, and the "Troubleshoot" button was clicked. The teacher machine received the fault problem information uploaded by the trainee machine and compared it with its own fault database information. The two were consistent, and the normally open contact of the fault relay KA10 was disconnected when the power was cut off. The short-circuit fault of the pantograph lifting solenoid valve (VE2-PT) coil was eliminated. The power-on test confirmed that the pantograph operating unit 1 and the pantograph operating unit 2 could operate the pantograph lifting module 2 normally, and the fault prompt on the touch screen interface was eliminated.

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