A root canal drill grinding system with auxiliary positioning guide plate

Abstract

The application relates to a root canal treatment instrument, in particular to a root canal drill and grinding system with an auxiliary positioning guide plate, which is used for root canal treatment of a diseased tooth and comprises a clamping piece, a guide piece, a handset and a bracket type guide plate; the guide piece comprises a guide piece body, a central hole and guide columns; the central hole is arranged at the center of the guide piece body, and the guide columns are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the guide piece body and take the central hole as the center; a drill needle is arranged on the handset and passes through the central hole; the clamping piece is used for clamping and fixing the guide piece on the handset; the bracket type guide plate comprises a columnar support and a retainer connected to the columnar support; the retainer is wrapped on a fixed tooth to fix the columnar support; the columnar support is symmetrically arranged with guide column insertion slots on the two sides of the diseased tooth, and guide column insertion slot cavities matched with the guide columns are arranged on the guide column insertion slots. Compared with the prior art, the application solves the problems of poor guiding accuracy, small drilling and grinding operation space, high difficulty and narrow discharge channel in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a root canal treatment instrument, specifically to a root canal drilling system with an auxiliary positioning guide. Background Technology

[0002] Root canal treatment is the most routine clinical treatment for pulp and periapical diseases. Its purpose is to remove inflamed or necrotic pulp, disinfect infected root canals, and promote the healing of periapical lesions. Opening the pulp chamber and exposing the root canal orifices is the first step in treatment and is the prerequisite and foundation for subsequent root canal disinfection and filling.

[0003] Normally, clinicians open and explore the root canal orifices based on the anatomical morphology of the pulp cavity and the type of opening, combined with clinical experience and tactile sensation. However, due to individual differences in teeth, root canal variations, and calcification of the pulp cavity and root canals caused by age or inflammation, clinicians need to use auxiliary examinations and instruments to perform precise opening and locate the calcified root canal orifices.

[0004] In existing technologies, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems are widely used in clinical dental treatment. Doctors can use CBCT 3D images to determine the number of root canals, the location of canal orifices, the pulp chamber, and the degree of root canal calcification, providing guidance and assistance during procedures. In recent years, the emergence of various digital surgical guides has successfully transformed the 3D guidance function of images into a physical auxiliary device. Doctors can accurately control the drilling direction using the guide holes / pillars in the guide. The synthesis of a digital surgical guide first involves obtaining a CT digital 3D model from a CBCT image cross-section, and simultaneously using an optical digital model obtained from an intraoral optical impression scanner. These two models are then registered and synthesized into a unified digital 3D model, which is then fabricated using 3D printing technology.

[0005] Digital dental surgical guides have addressed some issues related to experience and tactile manipulation, but several problems remain. Most guides are full-coverage, and the limited operating space in the molar region, coupled with the guide's thickness, actually increases the difficulty of operation. Furthermore, while the guide holes / posts on the guide are typically matched to the drill bit diameter for directional control, the narrow diameter of these holes prevents sufficient water jets from reaching the root canal, hindering cooling of the drilling area. The narrow holes also make it difficult to drain debris and waste fluid, causing resistance and obstructing the drill bit's downward movement, resulting in a blurred field of vision. While this can be addressed by increasing debris drainage channels or enlarging or increasing the size of the tooth surface exposure holes, these methods reduce the accuracy of the guide hole / post guidance and have low drainage efficiency, failing to significantly improve drilling efficiency and effectiveness. Additionally, using lasers to guide the pulp chamber opening instead of guide holes can achieve tooth surface access, but lasers are expensive, and the guiding devices are bulky, making them unsuitable for routine use.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop new digital guides to solve the problems of high operational difficulty, narrow drainage channels and poor guidance accuracy, so as to better realize the establishment of calcified and variant root canal access. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a root canal drilling system with an auxiliary positioning guide plate to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems for root canal treatment, thereby addressing the issues of poor guidance accuracy, small drilling and grinding operation space, high difficulty, and narrow drainage channels in the prior art, so as to better realize the establishment of calcified and variant root canal access.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] A root canal drilling system with an auxiliary positioning guide for root canal treatment of a tooth includes a retainer, a guide, a handpiece, and a support-type guide.

[0010] The guide includes a guide body, a central hole, and guide posts; the central hole is located at the center of the guide body, and the guide posts are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the guide body with the central hole as the center.

[0011] The mobile phone is equipped with a sewing needle, which passes through a central hole; the retaining member secures the guide member to the mobile phone.

[0012] The bracket-type guide plate includes a columnar bracket and a retainer connected to the columnar bracket; the retainer covers the retaining tooth to fix the columnar bracket; the fixed columnar bracket is symmetrically provided with guide post slots on both sides of the affected tooth, and the guide post slots are provided with guide post slot cavities that cooperate with the guide posts.

[0013] The guide post is inserted into the guide post slot cavity to guide the direction of the sewing needle.

[0014] Preferably, the retaining member is fixed with spaced-apart retaining claws, and the retaining claws have protrusions near their free ends; the guide member also includes a retaining buckle disposed on the guide member body, the retaining buckle being disposed opposite to the guide post, and the retaining buckle having a groove near its free end; the retaining claws are arranged around the mobile phone, and the protrusions of the retaining claws engage with the grooves of the retaining buckles, thereby securing the guide member to the mobile phone. By using the retaining member to secure the guide member to the mobile phone, it can be quickly disassembled and installed as needed; and the external snap-fit ​​does not affect or modify the original mobile phone structure, and can be used as an external accessory with existing mobile phones.

[0015] Preferably, the guide post surface is marked with a millimeter scale. During drilling, the drilling depth can be determined by the scale, allowing the doctor to easily control the drilling process according to the design.

[0016] Preferably, the mobile phone further includes a water storage cavity disposed inside the mobile phone, which is connected to the free end of the burr through a water spray pipe. Cooling water in the water storage cavity is sprayed out from the bur head along the water spray pipe to cool the drilled hole; the outlet of the water spray pipe is directly disposed at the bur head to ensure that the cooling water can fully enter the drilled hole and cool it sufficiently.

[0017] Preferably, the guide further includes a suction hole and a suction device connection port; the suction hole is disposed around the central hole on the guide body, and the suction device connection port is opened on the side of the guide body; the suction hole and the suction device connection port are connected inside the guide body. The suction hole is disposed around the central hole and is connected by an internal pipe, and the suction device connection port can be connected to the strong suction device of the dental chair through a pipe, so that during grinding, the strong suction device can discharge the debris and waste liquid generated by grinding through the suction device connection port, the internal pipe, and the suction hole.

[0018] Preferably, the mobile phone further includes a suction head connection port located on the side of the mobile phone; the suction head connection port is connected to the free end of the bur through a suction pipe. The suction head connection port is further connected to the strong suction pipe of the dental chair. During drilling, the strong suction discharges the debris and waste fluid generated during drilling through the suction port, suction pipe, and suction head connection port on the bur head. Since it is directly located at the end of the drill bit, most of the debris and waste fluid generated can be discharged from the drill hole in a timely manner, avoiding the accumulation of waste fluid and debris, which would cause additional resistance to downward drilling.

[0019] Preferably, the bracket-type guide plate forms a surface-type fixation.

[0020] Preferably, the retaining teeth are selected from teeth on both sides of the dental arch centerline that are not affected teeth, including one tooth mesial and one tooth distal to the affected tooth, and at least one tooth opposite the affected tooth to the dental arch centerline. The columnar framework is connected to the retaining body to form a quadrilateral surface retention, which makes the guide plate stably fixed on the dental arch and prevents the guide plate from shaking, tilting, or dislodging during use.

[0021] Preferably, the retainer is a partial crown covering the retaining tooth, utilizing the buccal and lingual undercuts of the retaining tooth, and Facial fissures provide stable retention. The retainer fits snugly against the buccal, lingual / palatal, or other facial features of the tooth to be retained. The surface is fixed by a quadrilateral surface at each support point, and each fixed body is connected by a columnar support to form a firmly fixed support-type guide plate.

[0022] Preferably, the columnar support is not fitted into the oral soft tissue to avoid damage to the oral soft tissue during installation and use.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The personalized guide plate used in this invention is a bracket-type guide plate. The direction of the sewing needle is controlled by the cooperation of the guide post and guide post groove. There are no guide holes / paths restricting the area around the sewing needle, making it an innovative sleeveless guide plate. The advantages of a sleeveless guide plate include:

[0025] a) Unobstructed water inlet and outlet: When using the sleeveless guide plate, the surface of the affected tooth is open without the guide plate obstructing it, allowing the high-speed handpiece cooling water to fully contact the tooth surface, and debris and waste fluid can be discharged smoothly. The water outlet and suction port set in conjunction with the bur head can be directly aimed at the drilled hole for cooling, and the debris and waste fluid in the drilled hole can be promptly sucked back.

[0026] b) Wide field of vision: The surface of the affected tooth is not obstructed by a guide plate, allowing the dentist to directly view the tooth, facilitating operation and observation. The millimeter scale on the guide post further aids the dentist in confirming the drilling progress.

[0027] c) Precise control of the opening direction: When the bur is being drilled, there are no metal rings or guide holes / channels around it. There is a certain gap between the guide post and the guide post groove and the bur, and they do not come into direct contact. This avoids the problem of directional deviation caused by the bur damaging the guide hole channel due to high-speed drilling.

[0028] d) No limit on bur length: Since the surface of the affected tooth is not covered by a guide plate, no additional thickness is generated, and there is no need to use an extended bur. The operation in the posterior tooth area is more convenient, and the applicability and convenience are improved.

[0029] (2) In this invention, the guide component fixed on the high-speed mobile phone is provided with suction holes, which can timely attract the generated debris and waste liquid while the high-speed mobile phone is drilling and grinding, making the operating field of vision clearer. In addition, there is no need to place an additional saliva suction device, which improves the patient's treatment comfort.

[0030] (3) In this invention, the bur tip can spray water, allowing cooling water to fully enter the root canal and effectively contact the root canal wall, preventing heat generation that could cause tooth tissue to become brittle. At the same time, the bur tip can achieve negative pressure suction, which can quickly attract waste fluid and debris around the drilling point in the root canal, preventing waste fluid from accumulating at the bottom of the drilling channel and preventing the drill bit from being unable to drill downwards due to resistance; in conjunction with the suction holes around the central hole of the guide, the waste fluid and debris generated during drilling can be quickly and fully discharged.

[0031] (4) The personalized bracket guide plate in this invention is a surface fixation type, adopts a partial crown form, and is similar to the design of oral removable denture framework. It has good stability, covers a small area of ​​tooth surface, and has sufficient operating space.

[0032] (5) The guide post of this invention is equipped with a millimeter scale, which can indicate the drilling depth of the bur. Combined with the depth of the calcified root canal pulp cavity entrance determined by the three-dimensional image model, it is convenient for clinical operators to accurately and quickly find the root canal orifice. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the system structure;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a side view of the system after it has been assembled and fixed.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the system after it has been assembled and fixed.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a mobile phone;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bracket-type guide plate.

[0038] In the diagram: 1-Retention claw; 2-Retention buckle; 3-Guide post; 4-Central hole; 5-Suction device connection port; 6-Guide body; 7-Needle; 8-Suction hole; 9-Suction device head connection port; 10-Water spray pipe; 11-Suction pipe; 12-Water storage chamber; 13-Guide post slot cavity; 14-Guide post slot; 15-Dysed tooth; 16-Retention body; 17-Columnar support. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] A root canal drilling system with an auxiliary positioning guide, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the root canal treatment for tooth 15 includes a retainer, guide, handpiece, and support plate.

[0042] The guide includes a guide body 6, a central hole 4, and guide posts 3; the central hole 4 is located at the center of the guide body 6, and the guide posts 3 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the guide body 6 with the central hole 4 as the center.

[0043] The phone is equipped with a sewing needle 7, which passes through the central hole 4; the snap-fit ​​component snaps the guide component into the phone.

[0044] The support guide plate includes a columnar support 17 and a retainer 16 connected to the columnar support 17; the retainer 16 covers the retaining tooth to fix the columnar support 17; the fixed columnar support 17 is symmetrically provided with guide post slots 14 on both sides of the affected tooth 15, and the guide post slots 14 are provided with guide post slot cavities 13 that cooperate with the guide post 3.

[0045] The guide post 3 is inserted into the guide post slot cavity 13 to guide the direction of the needle 7.

[0046] More specifically, in this embodiment:

[0047] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the drilling and grinding section of this positioning system consists of three parts: a clamping component, a guide component, and a mobile phone. The main function of the clamping component is to firmly clamp and fix the guide component to the head of the mobile phone.

[0048] The retaining component has four circumferentially arranged retaining claws 1 fixed on its body. The space formed inside the retaining claws 1 is exactly in line with the shape of the back of the phone head. The retaining claws 1 extend to both sides near the free end with small protrusions for secure locking and fixing.

[0049] The guide includes a guide body 6, a guide post 3 disposed on the front of the guide body 6, and a retaining buckle 2 disposed on the back of the guide body 6. The retaining buckle 2 is correspondingly disposed to the retaining claw 1 of the retaining member, and its shape matches the shape of the front of the mobile phone head. A pair of symmetrical grooves are provided near the free end of the retaining buckle 2 to engage with the protrusions of the retaining claw 1. Figure 1 The retaining buckle 2 of the guide shown is only partially depicted; in reality, its number, position, and shape match the retaining claws 1 of the clamping component, and it can wrap around the outside of the phone head. The guide is secured to the back of the phone via the retaining claws 1, allowing it to be fixed to the front of the phone head. A central hole 4 is provided at the center of the guide body 6, allowing the bur 7 fixed to the front of the phone head to pass through. Guide posts 3 are arranged in pairs around the central hole 4, parallel and symmetrical, with a distance of 20mm between each pair. The outer diameter of each guide post 3 is 2mm, and they are used to cooperate with the bracket-type guide plate for guidance. An annular suction hole 8 is also provided around the central hole 4. A suction device connection port 5 is provided on the side of the guide body. This suction device connection port 5 is connected to the annular suction hole 8 via an internal pipe. In use, this suction device connection port 5 is connected to a strong suction device on the dental chair via a pipe, allowing the debris and waste fluid generated during drilling to be promptly suctioned out of the drilled hole through the suction hole 8. Furthermore, a millimeter scale is provided on the surface of the guide post 3. When performing medullary canal opening, the depth to which the bur 7 drills downward is determined according to the millimeter scale on the guide post 3.

[0050] In addition to the needle 7 installed at the head of the phone, such as Figure 4As shown, the device also includes a water storage chamber 12 located inside the phone. This water storage chamber 12 is connected to the head of the bur 7 via a water spray pipe 10 inside the phone, allowing water to be sprayed directly from the bur 7 head into the drilled hole during drilling. A micro water pump of the prior art is connected to the water spray pipe 10 to spray cold water from the water storage chamber 12 out through the water spray pipe 10. In other embodiments, the water storage chamber 12 can also be connected to an external water source to form a continuous water spray without being limited by the size of the water storage chamber 12, depending on the water usage requirements. In addition, a suction head connection port 9 is provided on the side of the phone head. This suction head connection port 9 is connected to the head of the bur 7 via a negative pressure suction pipe 11 inside the phone. During drilling, the suction head connection port 9 is connected to a strong suction device on the dental chair through a pipe, so that the debris and waste liquid generated during drilling can be discharged from the drilled hole in a timely manner through the suction pipe 11 and the suction head connection port 9.

[0051] bracket-type guide plate, such as Figure 5 As shown, it is fixed inside the oral cavity around the affected tooth 15. The main body of the framework guide plate consists of a retainer 16 and a columnar framework 17 connecting each retainer 16. The retainer 16 adopts a partial crown form, utilizing the buccal and lingual undercuts of the retaining tooth, and Facial pits and fissures, closely conforming to the buccal, lingual / palatal, and other surfaces of the teeth to be retained. The surface, and thus the fulcrums form a quadrilateral surface fixation, to obtain stable fixation. The guide plate is stably fixed on the dentition, avoiding shaking, tilting and dislocation of the guide plate during use. Guide post slots 14 are provided on the columnar supports 17 on both sides of the affected tooth 15. Guide post slot cavities 13 that match the guide post 3 are opened in the guide post slots 14. The guide post 3 is inserted into the guide post slot cavity 13 to control and guide the drilling direction of the bur 7.

[0052] The scaffold-type dental guide is a personalized guide customized according to the patient's oral dentition and the condition of the affected tooth. It is manufactured through 3D printing, and the specific steps include:

[0053] Preoperatively, a CBCT scan was performed on tooth 15 to obtain a CT digital 3D model through image reconstruction. This model was used to determine the pulp chamber access direction for the calcified root canal. A framework guide was designed based on the tooth position of tooth 15. When selecting abutment teeth, one tooth should be selected mesially and distally, and one to two additional abutment teeth should be selected on the opposite side of the dentition centerline, depending on the position and condition of tooth 15. An intraoral optical scanner was used to scan the abutment teeth and tooth 15 to obtain optical digital 3D models. These models were then combined with the CT digital 3D model to construct an integrated 3D model. On this model, the extension line of the central axis of the calcified root canal extends to... The surface is the medullary canal access route, and its extension line is... The intersection point is the 7th drilling point of the bur. Draw a straight line passing through the drilling point and perpendicular to the line connecting the alveolar ridge crest. Two symmetrical points on this line, 10mm away from the drilling point, are the openings of the guide post slot 14. Draw two straight lines parallel to the pulp chamber access through these two openings; these are the central axes of the guide post slot 14. A cylindrical body with a radius of 1mm centered on this axis is the guide post slot cavity 13. The guide post slot 14 is designed based on the position of the guide post slot cavity 13. The cylindrical supports 17 on both sides of the affected tooth 15 are curves connecting the mesial and distal retainers 16 and the guide post slot 14. These curves connect to other retaining teeth to form the cylindrical supports 17. It is important to ensure that the cylindrical supports 17 are as far away from the soft tissues in the oral cavity as possible. After the guide plate design is completed, it is 3D printed to produce a personalized, customized support guide plate.

[0054] As needed, the metal clasp, guide, and bur 7 of this root canal positioning system can be reused between different patients after being sterilized by high temperature and high pressure. Only the personalized guide plate needs to be designed and replaced according to the condition of the affected tooth 15.

[0055] This root canal positioning system controls the drilling direction of the high-speed handpiece via the guide post 3 on the high-speed handpiece and the guide post slot 14 on the support guide plate. The scale on the guide post 3 indicates the drilling depth. The guide body 6 is connected to the strong suction device of the dental chair via a flexible hose. During high-speed handpiece drilling, debris and waste fluid generated on the tooth surface are quickly attracted by the suction hole 8 of the guide body 6 and discharged through the suction device connection port 5. The bur 7 is equipped with a water spray pipe 10 and a suction pipe 11, which are connected to the water reservoir 12 and the strong suction device of the dental chair via connecting pipes inside the bur head, giving the bur 7 head both water spray and negative pressure suction functions for attracting waste fluid and debris from deep within the root canal.

[0056] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A root canal drilling system with an auxiliary positioning guide for drilling the root canal of a tooth (15), characterized in that, Includes card holders, guides, mobile phone and bracket-type guide plates; The guide includes a guide body (6), a central hole (4), and guide posts (3); the central hole (4) is located at the center of the guide body (6), and the guide posts (3) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the guide body (6) with the central hole (4) as the center; the guide also includes a suction hole (8) and a suction device connection port (5); the suction hole (8) is arranged around the central hole (4) on the guide body (6), and the suction device connection port (5) is located on the side of the guide body (6); the suction hole (8) and the suction device connection port (5) are connected inside the guide body (6). The mobile phone is equipped with a needle (7), which passes through the central hole (4); the clamping member clamps and fixes the guide to the mobile phone; the mobile phone also includes a suction head connection port (9) opened on the side of the mobile phone; the suction head connection port (9) is connected to the free end of the needle (7) through a suction pipe (11). The described support guide is a sleeveless guide, comprising a columnar support (17) and a retainer (16) connected to the columnar support (17); the retainer (16) covers the retaining tooth to fix the columnar support (17), and the retainer (16) covers the retaining tooth in the form of a partial crown, utilizing the buccal and lingual undercuts of the retaining tooth and The facial groove is used to obtain stable fixation; the fixed column bracket (17) is symmetrically provided with guide column slots (14) on both sides of the affected tooth (15), and the guide column slot (14) is provided with a guide column slot cavity (13) that cooperates with the guide column (3). The guide post (3) is inserted into the guide post slot cavity (13) to guide the direction of the needle (7).

2. The root canal drilling system with an auxiliary positioning guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping member is fixed with spaced retaining claws (1), and the retaining claws (1) have protrusions near their free ends; the guide member also includes retaining buckles (2) disposed on the guide member body (6), the retaining buckles (2) are disposed opposite to the guide post (3), and the retaining buckles (2) have grooves near their free ends; the retaining claws (1) are arranged around the mobile phone, and the protrusions of the retaining claws (1) are engaged with the grooves of the retaining buckles (2), so that the guide member is engaged and fixed on the mobile phone.

3. The root canal drilling system with an auxiliary positioning guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide post (3) is marked with a millimeter scale.

4. The root canal drilling system with an auxiliary positioning guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile phone also includes a water storage cavity (12) disposed inside the mobile phone, and the water storage cavity (12) is connected to the free end of the needle (7) through a water spray pipe (10).

5. A root canal drilling system with an auxiliary positioning guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned bracket-type guide plate forms a surface-type fixation.

6. A root canal drilling system with an auxiliary positioning guide plate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The retaining teeth are selected from the teeth on both sides of the central line of the dentition and are not the affected tooth (15), including one tooth on the mesial and one tooth on the distal side of the affected tooth (15) and at least one tooth on the opposite side of the central line of the dentition.

7. A root canal drilling system with an auxiliary positioning guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The columnar support (17) is not fitted to the oral soft tissue.

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