A bolt, nut torsion test device

Abstract

The application provides a bolt and nut torsion and tension test device, and belongs to the technical field of fastener test devices. The bolt and nut torsion and tension test device comprises a bolt clamp, a force bearing pad and a loading pad block. The bolt clamp and the force bearing pad are used for being installed on a sensor module. The loading pad block is installed on the force bearing pad. The bolt clamp, the loading pad block and the force bearing pad or the former two are provided with a bolt through hole for the rod part of the bolt to pass through. The bolt clamp is provided with a rotation stopping groove for cooperating with the head part of the bolt to stop rotation. The rotation stopping groove is a U-shaped groove. Two groove side walls of the U-shaped groove are used for cooperating with two mutually parallel side faces of the head part to stop. The rotation of the bolt is stopped. Compared with the existing hexagonal hole, the structure is greatly simplified, the processing difficulty is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a bolt and nut torsion and tension testing device, belonging to the technical field of fastener testing devices. Background Technology

[0002] Previously, the installation of nuts on high-speed rail brake discs mainly relied on the installation torque specified by industry standards. Without simulating the contact between the nut and the actual base material, it was difficult to determine whether the installation torque specified by the existing industry standards met the conditions that the bolt axial force had not reached the yield strength and the nut was tightened without loosening. This was mainly due to the lack of corresponding torsion test fixtures.

[0003] In response, Chinese invention patent application CN110686821A discloses a nut torsion test device and its nut torsion test fixture. The background section describes a torsion test device comprising a sensor module, a test bolt, a bolt clamp, a bearing pad, and a test shim. The bolt clamp is mounted on the sensor module and engages with it via an anti-torsion pin (i.e., a torque detection rod) to prevent rotation. The bolt clamp has a bolt through-hole for the front end of the test bolt to pass through, and a countersunk hexagonal hole at the rear end of the bolt through-hole to accommodate the bolt head. The bearing pad is fixed to the sensor module, and the test shim is inserted into a test shim receiving groove on the bearing pad. Both the test shim and the bearing pad have bolt through-holes for the front end of the test bolt to pass through. The nut to be tested is connected to the nut connection end of the test bolt.

[0004] The aforementioned torsion test device has a complex structure and is difficult to manufacture because the countersunk hole for the test bolt head on the bolt clamp is a hexagonal hole, which affects the processing efficiency. Even the improved technical solution in the comparative document still uses a hexagonal hole to prevent the test bolt from rotating, which presents the same technical problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bolt and nut torsion test device to solve the problem of high processing difficulty and low processing efficiency caused by setting hexagonal holes on the bolt clamps of existing test devices for the bolt heads of the test bolts to sink into.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the bolt and nut torsion test device of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A bolt and nut torsion test device includes: a bolt clamp, a bearing pad, and a loading pad block. The bolt clamp and the bearing pad are used to be mounted on a sensor module, and the loading pad block is mounted on the bearing pad. The bolt clamp, the loading pad block, and the bearing pad, or the first two of them, are provided with bolt holes for the shank of the bolt to pass through. The bolt clamp is provided with an anti-rotation groove for anti-rotation engagement with the head of the bolt. The anti-rotation groove is a U-shaped groove, and the two sidewalls of the U-shaped groove are used to stop engagement with the two parallel sides of the head.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The present invention improves the existing torsion test device by setting the anti-rotation groove on the bolt clamp for anti-rotation engagement with the bolt head as a U-shaped groove. The anti-rotation of the bolt is achieved by using the two sidewalls of the U-shaped groove to stop the bolt from rotating by engaging with the two parallel sides of the bolt head. Compared with the existing hexagonal hole, the structure of the U-shaped groove is greatly simplified, which can reduce the processing difficulty and improve the processing efficiency.

[0009] Furthermore, the U-shaped groove is a through groove for the bolt clamp.

[0010] The advantage of the above technical solution is that it eliminates the need to control the length of the U-shaped groove, making processing more convenient.

[0011] Furthermore, the bolt clamp is provided with two through slots for the two torque detection rods of the sensor module to pass through and to engage with the torque detection rods to stop them. The two through slots are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the U-shaped groove.

[0012] The advantages of the above technical solution are: reasonable layout and compact structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the bolt and nut torsion test apparatus also includes a loading shim for the bolt to pass through and clamped between the nut and the loading shim.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the loading shim is sandwiched between the nut and the loading shim block, which can prevent the loading shim block from being squeezed and damaged.

[0015] Furthermore, the loading pad is provided with a slot that matches the shape of the loading pad and allows the loading pad to be inserted, and the loading pad and the slot are engaged to prevent rotation.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: it can prevent the loading shim from rotating as the nut is turned, and reduce the friction between the loading shim and the loading pad.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface of the loading pad includes a planar segment, and the groove wall of the slot includes a flat wall segment, with the planar segment and the flat wall segment engaging in a non-rotational fit.

[0018] The advantages of the above technical solution are: the anti-rotation combination of the planar section and the flat wall section results in a simple structure and convenient processing.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface of the loading pad also includes two arc-shaped segments, and the two flat segments are respectively located between the two ends of the two arc-shaped segments; the groove wall of the slot also includes two arc-shaped wall segments, and the two flat wall segments are respectively located between the two ends of the two arc-shaped wall segments.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the combination of two planar segments and two flat wall segments ensures sufficient anti-rotation area and more balanced force distribution.

[0021] Furthermore, the corners of the flat wall section and the curved wall section are machined with clearance grooves to avoid the edges of the loading pad.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that it facilitates the loading of the pad into the slot.

[0023] Furthermore, the bolt and nut torsion test device also includes a sensor module.

[0024] The advantage of the above technical solution is that it is more convenient to use. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the usage status of the bolt and nut torsion test device in this invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the bolt clamp of the bolt and nut torsion test device in this invention;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view along line AA in the middle;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the loading pad block in the bolt and nut torsion test device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 BB-direction sectional view in the middle;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the load-bearing pad of the bolt and nut torsion test device in this invention;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 6 CC-direction section view;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the loading pad of the bolt and nut torsion test device in this invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Sensor module; 11. Torque detection rod; 2. Bolt clamp; 21. First bolt hole; 22. U-shaped groove; 23. Through groove; 3. Loading pad; 31. Pad insertion hole; 32. Fixing hole; 33. Pin hole; 4. Loading pad; 41. Second bolt hole; 42. Slot; 421. Flat wall section; 422. Arc wall section; 43. Clearance groove; 44. Through groove; 5. Cylindrical pin; 6. Loading washer; 61. Third bolt hole; 62. Flat section; 63. Arc section; 7. Bolt; 8. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0035] Example 1 of the bolt and nut torsion test device of the present invention:

[0036] This embodiment improves the bolt clamp of the existing torsion test device by setting the anti-rotation groove on the bolt clamp to a U-shaped groove for anti-rotation engagement with the bolt head. The anti-rotation of the bolt is achieved by using the two sidewalls of the U-shaped groove to stop the bolt from rotating by engaging with the two parallel sides of the bolt head. Compared with the existing hexagonal hole, the U-shaped groove greatly simplifies the structure, reduces the processing difficulty, and improves the processing efficiency.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the bolt and nut torsion test device includes a sensor module 1, a bolt clamp 2, a bearing pad 3, a loading pad block 4, and a loading washer 6. The bolt clamp 2 and bearing pad 3 are respectively mounted on the sensor module 1, the loading pad block 4 is mounted on the bearing pad 3, and the loading washer 6 is mounted on the loading pad block 4. The bolt clamp 2, loading pad block 4, and loading washer 6 all have bolt holes for the shank of the bolt 7 to pass through. After the bolt 7 passes through, it connects to the nut 8. The loading washer 6 is clamped between the nut 8 and the loading pad block 4.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the bolt through hole on the bolt clamp 2 is the first bolt through hole 21. The bolt clamp 2 is provided with an anti-rotation groove for the head of the bolt 7 to be recessed and to engage with the anti-rotation mechanism of the bolt 7 head. The anti-rotation groove is a U-shaped groove 22, and the U-shaped groove 22 is a through groove that passes through the bolt clamp 2. The two sidewalls of the U-shaped groove 22 are used to stop the bolt 7 from rotating by engaging with the two parallel sidewalls of the bolt head. Compared with the existing hexagonal hole, the structure of the U-shaped groove 22 is greatly simplified, which can reduce the processing difficulty and improve the processing efficiency. In addition, the bolt clamp 2 is provided with two through grooves 23 for the two torque detection rods 11 of the sensor module 1 to pass through and to engage with the torque detection rods 11. The two through grooves 23 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the U-shaped groove 22.

[0039] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the bearing pad 3 is provided with four fixing holes 32 for fixing the bearing pad 3 to the sensor module 1. The bearing pad 3 is also provided with pad insertion holes 31 and two pin holes 33.

[0040] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the bolt hole on the loading pad 4 is the second bolt hole 41. The loading pad 4 is installed on the bearing pad 3 by two cylindrical pins 5. The loading pad 4 is provided with a through groove 44 for the cylindrical pins 5 to pass through. After the cylindrical pins 5 pass through the through groove 44, they are installed into the aforementioned pin hole 33.

[0041] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the loading pad 4 is provided with a groove 42 that matches the shape of the loading pad 6 and allows the loading pad 6 to be inserted. The loading pad 6 is anti-rotatingly engaged with the groove 42. Specifically, the outer peripheral surface of the loading pad 6 includes two flat segments 62 and two arc segments 63. The two flat segments 62 are located between the two ends of the two arc segments 63, and the bolt holes on the loading pad 6 are third bolt holes 61. The groove wall of the groove 42 includes two flat wall segments 421 and two arc wall segments 422. The two flat wall segments 421 are located between the two ends of the two arc wall segments 422, and the flat segments 62 are anti-rotatingly engaged with the flat wall segments 421. Furthermore, to facilitate the installation of the loading pad 6, clearance grooves 43 are machined at the corners of the flat wall segments 421 and the arc wall segments 422 to avoid the edges of the loading pad 6.

[0042] The torsion test device of this invention is mainly used to test the torsion coefficient between the M26 specification wheel disc mounting bolts and nuts and the base body installed on high-speed rail brake discs. It provides practical guidance for on-site nut installation, ensuring the bolts reach a suitable preload and the nuts are tightened securely without loosening, thus guaranteeing the safety, stability, and reliability of structures such as high-speed rail brake discs. This effectively solves the problem that existing torsion test machines cannot perform torsion relationship tests on M26 specification wheel disc mounting bolts and nuts. This structure can be applied to other specifications of products; only bolt clamps, loading blocks, and loading shims need to be fabricated to perform torsion tests. This improves practical reliability and plays a positive role in ensuring the stable operation of high-speed rail.

[0043] In other embodiments of the bolt and nut torsion testing device: This embodiment provides a different composition of the torsion testing device. Unlike embodiment 1, the torsion testing device does not include a sensor module, which is configured by the user.

[0044] In other embodiments of the bolt and nut torsion test device: This embodiment provides a different structure of the slot. Unlike embodiment 1, the corner between the flat wall section and the arc wall section of the slot is not machined with a clearance groove.

[0045] In other embodiments of the bolt and nut torsion test device: This embodiment provides different structures for the slot and the loading pad. Unlike embodiment 1, the loading pad has only one planar segment and the rest of the outer peripheral surfaces are arc segments. At the same time, the slot also has only one flat wall segment and the rest of the slot walls are arc wall segments. The anti-rotation is achieved by the cooperation of one planar segment and one flat wall segment.

[0046] In other embodiments of the bolt and nut torsion testing device: This embodiment provides different structures for the slot and the loading pad. Unlike embodiment 1, the outer circumferential surface of the loading pad does not include a flat section, and similarly, the groove wall of the slot does not include a flat wall section. At this time, the loading pad and the slot are elliptical, which also has the effect of preventing rotation.

[0047] In other embodiments of the bolt and nut torsion test apparatus: This embodiment provides different mating forms of the loading pad and the loading shim. Unlike embodiment 1, the loading pad does not have a slot, and the end face of the loading shim is in direct frictional contact with the end face of the loading pad.

[0048] In other embodiments of the bolt and nut torsion test device: This embodiment provides different components of the torsion test device. Unlike embodiment 1, the torsion test device does not include a loading pad. The nut directly presses against the loading pad. At this time, bolt holes can be provided only on the bolt clamp and the loading pad, or bolt holes can be provided on the bolt clamp, the bearing pad, and the loading pad.

[0049] In other embodiments of the bolt and nut torsion testing device: This embodiment provides different mating forms between the torque detection rod and the bolt clamp. Unlike embodiment 1, the bolt clamp does not have a through groove, but rather round holes, and the two round holes are asymmetrically arranged relative to the U-shaped groove.

[0050] In other embodiments of the bolt and nut torsion test device: This embodiment provides different forms of U-shaped grooves. Unlike embodiment 1, the U-shaped groove is not a through groove. It can be closed at one end and open at the other end, or both ends can be closed.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bolt and nut torsion test apparatus, comprising: The bolt clamp (2), the load-bearing pad (3), and the loading pad (4) are provided. The bolt clamp (2) and the load-bearing pad (3) are used to install on the sensor module (1), and the loading pad (4) is installed on the load-bearing pad (3). The bolt clamp (2), the loading pad (4), and the load-bearing pad (3), or the first two of them, are provided with bolt holes for the shank of the bolt (7) to pass through. The bolt clamp (2) is provided with an anti-rotation groove for anti-rotation engagement with the head of the bolt (7). The anti-rotation groove is a U-shaped groove (22), and the two sidewalls of the U-shaped groove (22) are used to engage with the head of the bolt (7). The head has two parallel sides that provide a stop fit; the bolt and nut torsion test device also includes a loading pad for the bolt to pass through and clamped between the nut and the loading pad block. The loading pad block has a groove that matches the shape of the loading pad so that the loading pad can be inserted and prevent rotation. The outer peripheral surface of the loading pad includes two planar segments and two arc-shaped segments. The two planar segments are located between the two ends of the two arc-shaped segments. The groove wall includes two flat wall segments and two arc-shaped wall segments. The two flat wall segments are located between the two ends of the two arc-shaped wall segments. The planar segments and the flat wall segments are in a stop fit.

2. The bolt and nut torsion test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The U-shaped groove (22) is a through groove for the bolt clamp (2).

3. The bolt and nut torsion test apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The bolt clamp (2) is provided with two through slots (23) for the two torque detection rods (11) of the sensor module (1) to pass through and to stop the torque detection rods (11). The two through slots (23) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the U-shaped groove (22).

4. The bolt and nut torsion test apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The load-bearing pad is provided with pad insertion holes for inserting loading pad blocks, and the bolt through holes are provided on both the bolt clamp and the loading pad block.

5. The bolt and nut torsion test apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The loading pad is mounted on the load-bearing pad by two cylindrical pins.

6. The bolt and nut torsion test apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The loading pad has a through groove for the cylindrical pin to pass through, and the load-bearing pad has two pin holes. The cylindrical pin passes through the through groove and is then installed into the pin hole.

7. The bolt and nut torsion test apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The support pad has four mounting holes for fixing the support pad to the sensor module.

8. The bolt and nut torsion test apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The corners of the flat wall section (421) and the arc wall section (422) are machined with clearance grooves (43) to avoid the edges of the loading pad (6).

9. The bolt and nut torsion test apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The bolt and nut torsion test device also includes a sensor module (1).

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