Ventilation and smoke control system and method for inverted underground stations

Abstract

The application provides a ventilation and smoke exhaust system and method for an inverted underground station, comprising a public area air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem and a heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem; the public area air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem comprises a first platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe, a first station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe and a first air supply and smoke exhaust device; the first platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe and the first station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe are respectively communicated with the first air supply and smoke exhaust device; the heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem comprises a rail top smoke exhaust air pipe, a second platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe, a second station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe and a second air supply and smoke exhaust device; the rail top smoke exhaust air pipe, the second platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe and the second station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe are respectively communicated with the second air supply and smoke exhaust device. The application realizes integrated design of the ventilation and smoke exhaust system of the station, facilitates ventilation and smoke exhaust in case of fire, realizes diversification of ventilation and smoke exhaust modes and ensures high ventilation and smoke exhaust efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to a ventilation and smoke extraction system and method for an inverted underground station. Background Technology

[0002] A typical underground station consists of a concourse level and a platform level. The concourse level is located on the first basement level, and the platform level is located on the second basement level. The concourse level is used to allow passengers to enter the station from the outside and to perform functions such as ticket checking. The platform level provides a waiting area for passengers, and the station tunnels are distributed on both sides of the platform.

[0003] For the aforementioned underground stations, the design principles for ventilation, smoke extraction, and safe evacuation are as follows: In the event of a fire on the platform, the station's public area smoke extraction system will be activated to ventilate the public area of ​​the platform. The tunnel smoke extraction system and platform screen doors will also be activated to assist in smoke extraction. The evacuation route for personnel is: from the platform on the second basement level to the concourse on the first basement level, through the entrances / exits, to the outside of the station (ground level). To ensure safe evacuation, smoke from the platform must not spread to the concourse. Therefore, the existing standard "Code for Design of Metro" GB50157-2013 clearly stipulates that in the event of a fire on the platform, the air velocity on the escalators and stairs from the concourse to the platform must not be less than 1.5 m / s to prevent smoke from the platform from spreading to the concourse. Correspondingly, in the event of a fire in the concourse, the platform ventilation and smoke extraction system will be closed, and the station's public area smoke extraction system will be activated to ventilate the public area of ​​the concourse, with natural ventilation provided through the entrances / exits. The evacuation route for personnel is: from the platform on the second basement level to the concourse on the first basement level, and then to the outside of the station (ground level). Although the evacuation routes in the station hall are the same as those in the platform, there is no requirement for an air velocity of 1.5 m / s on the escalators and stairs from the station hall to the platform because the fire occurred in the station hall.

[0004] In practical applications, the aforementioned ventilation and smoke extraction methods can be used to exhaust smoke from conventional underground stations, achieving high efficiency. However, with the rapid expansion of subway construction, various special station types are emerging, one of which is the inverted underground station. An inverted underground station includes a platform level, a concourse level, and a station tunnel located on the platform level. The platform level is situated above the concourse level, with staircases and escalators connecting them. Platform screen doors connect the station tunnel to the platform on the platform level, and the concourse level has entrances and exits leading directly to the ground. Because the safety evacuation routes of inverted underground stations differ from those of conventional underground stations—from the platform on the first basement level to the concourse on the second basement level, then through a long passage to the outside (ground level)—the ventilation and smoke extraction design requirements for this type of station differ from those of traditional stations, as detailed below:

[0005] In the event of a fire in the station hall, in order to prevent smoke from the public area of ​​the station hall from spreading to the platform above, the downward air velocity of the escalators and stairs from the platform to the station hall must not be less than 1.5 m / s. However, the station hall is usually only equipped with smoke exhaust fans for the public area, and the platform has no air supply outlets. It is difficult to guarantee a downward air velocity of 1.5 m / s along the escalators and stairs by relying solely on the suction of the smoke exhaust fans for the public area of ​​the station hall.

[0006] When a fire occurs on the platform, according to the "Code for Design of Metro" GB 50157-2013, the air velocity of the escalators and stairs from the concourse to the platform should not be less than 1.5 m / s during a platform fire. However, due to the deep entrances and exits of the concourse (located on the second basement level), it is difficult to make up for the air supply. Therefore, it is difficult to meet the requirement that the escalators and stairs from the concourse to the platform have an upward air velocity of not less than 1.5 m / s, which may cause smoke to spread from the platform to the concourse. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a ventilation and smoke extraction system and method for an inverted underground station, which solves the problem of ventilation and smoke extraction difficulties in existing inverted underground stations during fires.

[0008] This invention provides a ventilation and smoke exhaust system for an inverted underground station, comprising: a public area air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem and a heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem;

[0009] The public area air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes a first platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct, a first station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct, and a first air supply and smoke exhaust device; the first platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct and the first station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct are respectively connected to the first air supply and smoke exhaust device; the heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes a rail top smoke exhaust duct, a second platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct, a second station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct, and a second air supply and smoke exhaust device; the rail top smoke exhaust duct, the second platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct, and the second station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct are respectively connected to the second air supply and smoke exhaust device.

[0010] According to the present invention, a ventilation and smoke exhaust system for an inverted underground station further includes: an entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem; the entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes an entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipe and a third air supply and smoke exhaust device, wherein the entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipe and the third air supply and smoke exhaust device are connected.

[0011] According to the present invention, a ventilation and smoke exhaust system for an inverted underground station further includes: a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem; the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vent and a fourth ventilation and smoke exhaust device, wherein the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vent and the fourth ventilation and smoke exhaust device are connected.

[0012] According to the present invention, a ventilation and smoke exhaust system for an inverted underground station further includes: a smoke-blocking roller shutter; the smoke-blocking roller shutter is installed on the concourse level of the underground station, and the smoke-blocking roller shutter has a retracted state and an extended state;

[0013] In the absence of a fire in the inverted underground station, the smoke-blocking roller shutter is in a retracted state; in the event of a fire in the inverted underground station, the smoke-blocking roller shutter is in an extended state, and the smoke-blocking roller shutter is installed around the left, right and rear sides of the escalator to expose the escalator opening at the front of the escalator.

[0014] According to the present invention, a ventilation and smoke extraction system for an inverted underground station further includes: a first fire detector, a second fire detector, and a third fire detector; the first fire detector is located in the public area of ​​the station hall, the second fire detector is located in the public area of ​​the platform, and the third fire detector is located in the station tunnel.

[0015] The present invention also provides a smoke extraction method for a ventilation and smoke extraction system of an inverted underground station as described in any of the preceding claims, comprising:

[0016] In the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the station hall, the following subsystems will be activated: the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke will be exhausted from the public area of ​​the station hall through the first public area ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, auxiliary smoke exhaust will be provided through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, air will be supplied to the public area of ​​the platform through the second platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, air will be supplied to the station tunnel through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters will be kept in the deployed state.

[0017] Alternatively, in the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the station hall, the system can be activated and operated by controlling the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke can be exhausted from the public area of ​​the station hall through the second station hall ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, smoke can be assisted through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, air can be supplied to the public area of ​​the platform through the first platform ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, air can be supplied to the station tunnel through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vent, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters can be kept in the deployed state.

[0018] The present invention also provides a smoke extraction method for a ventilation and smoke extraction system of an inverted underground station as described in any of the preceding claims, comprising:

[0019] In the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the platform, the system will activate and operate the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. It will exhaust smoke to the public area of ​​the platform through the second platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, provide auxiliary smoke exhaust through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, supply air to the public area of ​​the station hall through the first station hall public area ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, provide supplementary air through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, and keep the smoke-blocking roller shutters in the deployed state.

[0020] Alternatively, in the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the platform, the system can be activated and operated by controlling the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke can be exhausted from the public area of ​​the platform through the first platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, auxiliary smoke can be exhausted through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, air can be supplied to the public area of ​​the station hall through the second station hall public area ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, supplementary air can be supplied through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters can be kept in the deployed state.

[0021] The present invention also provides a smoke extraction method for a ventilation and smoke extraction system of an inverted underground station as described in any of the preceding claims, comprising:

[0022] In the event of a fire in the station tunnel, the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem will be activated and put into operation. Smoke will be exhausted through the rail top smoke exhaust duct, auxiliary smoke exhaust will be provided through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, smoke will be exhausted to the public area of ​​the platform through the first platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, air will be supplied through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters will be kept in the deployed state.

[0023] Alternatively, in the event of a fire in the station tunnel, the system can be activated and operated to control the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke can be exhausted through the rail top smoke exhaust duct, smoke can be exhausted to the platform public area through the second platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, smoke can be assisted to exhaust through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, air can be supplied to the station hall public area through the first station hall public area ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, air can be supplemented through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters can be kept in the deployed state.

[0024] The ventilation and smoke extraction system and method for an inverted underground station provided by this invention, based on the specific structure of the inverted underground station, configures a public area air supply and smoke extraction subsystem and a heat exhaust and air supply and smoke extraction subsystem, realizing the integrated design of the ventilation and smoke extraction system; at the same time, in the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the station hall, smoke can be selectively extracted from the public area of ​​the station hall and air can be supplied to the public area of ​​the platform to stably form the airflow from the public area of ​​the platform, the public area of ​​the station hall to the ground. Alternatively, in the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the platform, air can be selectively supplied to the public area of ​​the station hall and smoke can be extracted from the public area of ​​the platform to stably form the airflow from the ground, the public area of ​​the station hall, the public area of ​​the platform to the external environment of the station, thereby facilitating ventilation and smoke extraction in the event of a fire in the inverted underground station and evacuating personnel within the station, realizing the diversification of ventilation and smoke extraction modes, and ensuring high ventilation and smoke extraction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation and smoke extraction system of the inverted underground station provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the station hall provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the inverted underground station provided by the present invention with the smoke-proof roller shutter in the retracted state;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the inverted underground station provided by the present invention with the smoke-blocking roller shutter in the unfolded state.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 1. Station concourse level; 2. Platform level; 31-32. Station tunnel; 41-44. Entrance / exit passages; 51-52. Escalators and stairs; 61-66. Smoke shutters; A1-A2. Public area air supply and smoke exhaust fans; A3-A4. Heat exhaust and air supply / smoke exhaust fans; A5-A8. Tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust fans; A9-A12. Entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust fans; B1-B12. Silencers; C1-C12. Ventilation shafts; D1-D2. First interlocked damper; D3-D4. Second interlocked damper; D5-D8. Third interlocked damper; D9-D12. Fourth interlocked damper; D13-D14. First control... Air control valves; D15~D16, second control air valves; D17~D18, third control air valves; D19~D20, fourth control air valves; D21~D24, fifth control air valves; D25~D28, sixth control air valves; E1~E4, first station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipes; E5~E6, second station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipes; E7~E10, first platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipes; E11~E12, second platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipes; E13~E16, rail top smoke exhaust pipes; E17~E20, entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipes; F1~F4, tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust outlets. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0033] The following is combined Figures 1 to 4 This invention describes a ventilation and smoke extraction system and method for an inverted underground station.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the inverted underground station shown in this embodiment includes a platform level 2, a concourse level 1, and station tunnels 31 and 32 located on the platform level 2.

[0035] Station tunnels 31 and 32 are located opposite each other on both sides of the platform. Platform level 2 is located above concourse level 1. Escalators 51 and 52 are provided between platform level 2 and concourse level 1. Platform doors are provided between station tunnels 31 and 32 and the platform of platform level 2. Concourse level 1 is provided with entrance passages 41, 42, 43 and 44 that lead directly to the ground.

[0036] In the event of a fire in an inverted underground station, the evacuation route for personnel is as follows: from platform level 2 to concourse level 1, and then through the entrance / exit passage connecting to concourse level 1 to reach the outside of the station or the ground.

[0037] In response to the ventilation, smoke extraction, and safe evacuation of the inverted underground station described above, the ventilation and smoke extraction system of the inverted underground station in this embodiment is equipped with a public area air supply and smoke extraction subsystem, a heat exhaust and air supply and smoke extraction subsystem, an entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke extraction subsystem, and a tunnel air supply and smoke extraction subsystem.

[0038] To achieve ventilation and smoke extraction functions, each subsystem is equipped with an air supply and smoke extraction device, which includes: a silencer, an air supply and smoke extraction fan, an interlocking damper, and a ventilation shaft installed on the air supply and smoke extraction duct. The silencer, air supply and smoke extraction fan, interlocking damper, and ventilation shaft are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the air supply and smoke extraction duct.

[0039] The supply and exhaust fans can rotate in both directions; forward rotation exhausts smoke, and reverse rotation supplies air, and vice versa. The supply and exhaust fans are electrically interlocked with interlocking dampers. That is, when the supply and exhaust fans stop working, the interlocking dampers close; when the supply and exhaust fans are running, the interlocking dampers open.

[0040] It should be noted that, depending on the different functions performed by each subsystem, the air supply and smoke exhaust fans may include public area air supply and smoke exhaust fans, heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust fans, tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust fans, and entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust fans.

[0041] Accordingly, the airlock valves of the public area air supply and smoke exhaust fans are first interlocked valves, the airlock valves of the heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust fans are second interlocked valves, the airlock valves of the tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust fans are third interlocked valves, and the airlock valves of the entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust fans are fourth interlocked valves.

[0042] In addition, the ventilation and smoke exhaust system shown in this embodiment is also equipped with a first fire detector, a second fire detector and a third fire detector; the first fire detector is located in the public area of ​​the station hall, the second fire detector is located in the public area of ​​the platform, and the third fire detector is located in the station tunnel. Multiple first fire detectors, second fire detectors and third fire detectors can be installed.

[0043] To achieve automated control of fire early warning and ventilation smoke extraction, this embodiment can connect the first fire detector, the second fire detector, and the third fire detector to the control device respectively, and connect the control device to the public area air supply and smoke extraction subsystem, the heat exhaust and air supply and smoke extraction subsystem, the entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke extraction subsystem, and the tunnel air supply and smoke extraction subsystem respectively.

[0044] The following is combined Figures 1 to 4The layout structure of the public area air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem shown in this embodiment in the inverted underground station is described in detail.

[0045] In one example, the public area air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes a first platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe, a first station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe, and a first air supply and smoke exhaust device; the first platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe and the first station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe are respectively connected to the first air supply and smoke exhaust device.

[0046] The ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes for the first platform public area are located at the top of the platform public area, and the ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes for the first station hall public area are located at the top of the station hall public area.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, to ensure ventilation and smoke extraction effects, the public area air supply and smoke extraction subsystem includes a first public area air supply and smoke extraction subsystem and a second public area air supply and smoke extraction subsystem, which are located at both ends of the station.

[0048] The first public area air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E7 and E8 for the first platform public area, air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E1 and E2 for the first concourse public area, and the first set of first air supply and smoke exhaust devices. Air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E7 and E8 for the first platform public area are located at the first end closest to the platform public area, and air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E1 and E2 for the first concourse public area are located at the first end closest to the concourse public area.

[0049] The first set of first air supply and smoke exhaust device includes a silencer B1, a public area air supply and smoke exhaust fan A1, a first interlocked air valve D1 and a ventilation shaft C1 installed on the air supply and smoke exhaust duct; the silencer B1, the public area air supply and smoke exhaust fan A1, the first interlocked air valve D1 and the ventilation shaft C1 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the air supply and smoke exhaust duct.

[0050] The air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E7 and E8 in the public area of ​​the first platform are connected to the air supply and smoke exhaust duct of the first set of the first air supply and smoke exhaust device via the third control valve D17. The air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E1 and E2 in the public area of ​​the first concourse are connected to the air supply and smoke exhaust duct of the first set of the first air supply and smoke exhaust device via the first control valve D13.

[0051] The second public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes E9 and E10 for the first platform public area, ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes E3 and E4 for the first concourse public area, and a second set of first ventilation and smoke exhaust devices. Ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes E9 and E10 for the first platform public area are located at the second end closest to the platform public area, and ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes E3 and E4 for the first concourse public area are located at the second end closest to the concourse public area.

[0052] The second set of first air supply and smoke exhaust devices includes a silencer B2, a public area air supply and smoke exhaust fan A2, a first interlocked air valve D2, and a ventilation shaft C2 installed on the air supply and smoke exhaust duct; the silencer B2, the public area air supply and smoke exhaust fan A2, the first interlocked air valve D2, and the ventilation shaft C2 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the air supply and smoke exhaust duct.

[0053] The air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E9 and E10 in the public area of ​​the first platform are connected to the air supply and smoke exhaust duct of the second set of the first air supply and smoke exhaust device via the third control air valve D18. The air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E3 and E4 in the public area of ​​the first concourse are connected to the air supply and smoke exhaust duct of the first set of the first air supply and smoke exhaust device via the first control air valve D14.

[0054] In one example, the heat exhaust and air supply / smoke exhaust subsystem includes a rail top smoke exhaust duct, a second platform public area air supply / smoke exhaust duct, a second station hall public area air supply / smoke exhaust duct, and a second air supply / smoke exhaust device; the rail top smoke exhaust duct, the second platform public area air supply / smoke exhaust duct, and the second station hall public area air supply / smoke exhaust duct are respectively connected to the second air supply / smoke exhaust device.

[0055] The track-top smoke exhaust duct is located at the top of the station tunnel. It is primarily used to remove heat generated when trains approach the station and, during a fire, to assist in smoke extraction from the platform. The second platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust duct is located at the top of the platform public area, and the second station hall public area ventilation and smoke exhaust duct is located at the top of the station hall public area.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, to ensure ventilation and smoke extraction effects, the heat exhaust and smoke extraction subsystem includes a first heat exhaust and smoke extraction subsystem and a second heat exhaust and smoke extraction subsystem, which are located at both ends of the station.

[0057] Since two station tunnels are typically located on either side of the platform, the first heat exhaust and ventilation / smoke exhaust subsystem in this embodiment includes track-top smoke exhaust ducts E13 and E15, a second platform public area ventilation / smoke exhaust duct E11, a second concourse public area ventilation / smoke exhaust duct E5, and a first set of second ventilation / smoke exhaust devices. Track-top smoke exhaust duct E15 is located in station tunnel 31, opposite to the first end near the platform public area. Track-top smoke exhaust duct E13 is located in station tunnel 32, opposite to the first end near the platform public area. The second platform public area ventilation / smoke exhaust duct E11 is located at the first end near the platform public area, and the second concourse public area ventilation / smoke exhaust duct E5 is located at the first end near the concourse public area.

[0058] The first set of second air supply and smoke exhaust devices includes a silencer B3, a heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust fan A3, a second interlocked air valve D3, and a ventilation shaft C3 installed on the air supply and smoke exhaust duct; the silencer B3, the heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust fan A3, the second interlocked air valve D3, and the ventilation shaft C3 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the air supply and smoke exhaust duct.

[0059] The rail-top smoke exhaust duct E15 is connected to the air supply and smoke exhaust duct of the first set of second air supply and smoke exhaust devices via the fifth control valve D21. The rail-top smoke exhaust duct E13 is connected to the air supply and smoke exhaust duct of the first set of second air supply and smoke exhaust devices via the fifth control valve D23. The second platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct E11 is connected to the air supply and smoke exhaust duct of the first set of second air supply and smoke exhaust devices via the fourth control valve D19. The second concourse public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct E5 is connected to the air supply and smoke exhaust duct of the first set of second air supply and smoke exhaust devices via the second control valve D15.

[0060] Accordingly, the second heat exhaust and smoke supply subsystem includes track-top smoke exhaust ducts E14 and E16, a second platform public area smoke supply and supply duct E12, a second concourse public area smoke supply and supply duct E6, and a second set of second smoke supply and supply devices. Track-top smoke exhaust duct E16 is located in station tunnel 31, opposite to the second end near the platform public area. Track-top smoke exhaust duct E14 is located in station tunnel 32, opposite to the second end near the platform public area. Second platform public area smoke supply and supply duct E12 is located at the second end near the platform public area, and second concourse public area smoke supply and supply duct E6 is located at the second end near the concourse public area.

[0061] The second set of second air supply and smoke exhaust devices includes a silencer B4, a heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust fan A4, a second interlocked air valve D4, and a ventilation shaft C4 installed on the air supply and smoke exhaust duct; the silencer B4, the heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust fan A4, the second interlocked air valve D4, and the ventilation shaft C4 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the air supply and smoke exhaust duct.

[0062] The rail-top smoke exhaust duct E16 is connected to the air supply and exhaust duct of the second set of second air supply and exhaust devices via the fifth control valve D22. The rail-top smoke exhaust duct E14 is connected to the air supply and exhaust duct of the second set of second air supply and exhaust devices via the fifth control valve D24. The second platform public area air supply and exhaust duct E12 is connected to the air supply and exhaust duct of the second set of second air supply and exhaust devices via the fourth control valve D20. The second concourse public area air supply and exhaust duct E6 is connected to the air supply and exhaust duct of the second set of second air supply and exhaust devices via the second control valve D16.

[0063] In one example, the entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes an entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust duct and a third air supply and smoke exhaust device, which are connected. The station hall is equipped with at least two entrance / exit passages that directly connect to the ground, and each entrance / exit passage is equipped with its own entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the station hall in this embodiment is equipped with four entrance and exit passages that lead directly to the ground, and four sets of entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystems are provided for each of the four entrance and exit passages.

[0065] For example, in this embodiment, the entrance and exit passage 41 is equipped with a first set of entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem. The first set of entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipe E17 and a first set of third air supply and smoke exhaust device.

[0066] The first set of third air supply and smoke exhaust devices includes a silencer B9 installed on the air supply and smoke exhaust duct, an inlet and outlet air supply and smoke exhaust fan A9, a fourth interlocking damper D9, and a ventilation shaft C9. The silencer B9, the inlet and outlet air supply and smoke exhaust fan A9, the fourth interlocking damper D9, and the ventilation shaft C9 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the air supply and smoke exhaust duct.

[0067] The entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipe E17 is installed at the top of the entrance / exit passage 41 and extends along the direction of the entrance / exit passage 41. The entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipe E17 is connected to the air supply and smoke exhaust duct of the first set of third air supply and smoke exhaust devices through the sixth control air valve D25.

[0068] Meanwhile, this embodiment is equipped with a second set of entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem for the entrance / exit passage 42. The second set of entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes an entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipe E18 laid along the entrance / exit passage 42. The entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipe E18 is connected to the second set of third air supply and smoke exhaust device through the sixth control air valve D26. The second set of third air supply and smoke exhaust device includes a silencer B10 installed on the air supply and smoke exhaust duct, an entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust fan A10, a fourth interlock air valve D10, and a ventilation shaft C10.

[0069] In this embodiment, a third set of entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem is configured for the entrance / exit passage 43. The third set of entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes an entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipe E19 laid along the entrance / exit passage 43. The entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipe E19 is connected to the third set of third air supply and smoke exhaust device through the sixth control air valve D27. The third set of third air supply and smoke exhaust device includes a silencer B11 installed on the air supply and smoke exhaust duct, an entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust fan A11, a fourth interlock air valve D11, and a ventilation shaft C11.

[0070] This embodiment configures a fourth set of entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem for the entrance / exit passage 44. The fourth set of entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes an entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust duct E20 laid along the entrance / exit passage 44. The entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust duct E20 is connected to the fourth set of third air supply and smoke exhaust device through a sixth control air valve D28. The fourth set of third air supply and smoke exhaust device includes a silencer B12 installed on the air supply and smoke exhaust duct, an entrance / exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust fan A12, a fourth interlock air valve D12, and a ventilation shaft C12.

[0071] In one example, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust outlet and a fourth ventilation and smoke exhaust device, which are connected to each other.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, the fourth air supply and smoke exhaust device of the first tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes a tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust outlet F1 and a fourth air supply and smoke exhaust device, which are connected to each other.

[0073] The fourth air supply and smoke exhaust device includes a silencer B5, a tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust fan A5, a third interlocking air valve D5, and a ventilation shaft C5 installed on the air supply and smoke exhaust duct. The silencer B5, the tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust fan A5, the third interlocking air valve D5, and the ventilation shaft C5 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the air supply and smoke exhaust duct. The tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust outlet F1 is connected to the air supply and smoke exhaust duct of the fourth air supply and smoke exhaust device.

[0074] Since station tunnels 31 and 32 are provided on both sides of the platform, this embodiment can configure four sets of tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystems for these two station tunnels, and set the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vent F1 of the first set of tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystems at the first end of station tunnel 31.

[0075] Accordingly, in this embodiment, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust outlet F2 of the second tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem is located at the second end of the station tunnel 31. The second tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust outlet F2, the silencer B7, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan A7, the third interlocking air valve D7, and the ventilation shaft C7, which are arranged sequentially along the ventilation and smoke exhaust duct.

[0076] Accordingly, in this embodiment, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust outlet F3 of the third tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem is located at the first end of the station tunnel 32. The third tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust outlet F3, the silencer B6, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan A6, the third interlocking air valve D6, and the ventilation shaft C6, which are arranged sequentially along the ventilation and smoke exhaust duct.

[0077] Accordingly, in this embodiment, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust outlet F4 of the fourth tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem is located at the second end of the station tunnel 32. The fourth tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust outlet F4, the silencer B8, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fan A8, the third interlocking air valve D8, and the ventilation shaft C8, which are arranged sequentially along the ventilation and smoke exhaust duct.

[0078] In some examples, the ventilation and smoke exhaust system of this embodiment is also equipped with smoke-blocking roller shutters; the smoke-blocking roller shutters are located on the concourse level of the underground station and are arranged near the stairs and escalators.

[0079] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in the case where escalators 51 and 52 are provided between the station hall and the platform, smoke-blocking roller shutters 61, 62, and 63 are provided on the left, right, and rear sides of escalator 51, respectively. Smoke-blocking roller shutters 64, 65, and 66 are provided on the left, right, and rear sides of escalator 52, respectively.

[0080] The smoke-blocking roller shutter has both a retracted and an extended state. In the absence of a fire in an inverted underground station, the smoke-blocking roller shutter is in the retracted state and is located at the top of the station hall level.

[0081] In the event of a fire in an inverted underground station, the smoke-blocking roller shutters are deployed, with the upper end at the top of the concourse level and the lower end at the bottom. The lower end of the smoke-blocking roller shutters can be positioned to contact the ground at the bottom of the concourse level. This allows the smoke-blocking roller shutters to surround the left, right, and rear sides of the escalators and staircases, exposing the escalator openings at the front. This ensures the airflow speed along the escalators and staircases within the station, enabling people on the platform to evacuate quickly towards the concourse via the escalators and staircases.

[0082] As can be seen from the above, this invention, by setting up a public area air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem, a heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem, an entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem, and a tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem, can control the airflow direction within the station to be station tunnel → platform public area → station hall public area → entrance and exit passage → ground when a fire occurs in the public area of ​​the inverted underground station concourse, based on the cooperation of each subsystem. This ensures that the escalators and stairs from the platform to the concourse meet a downward flow velocity greater than 1.5 m / s, and that the airflow direction within the station to be ground → entrance and exit passage → station hall public area → platform public area → station tunnel when a fire occurs in the public area of ​​the platform, ensuring that the escalators and stairs from the platform to the concourse meet an upward flow velocity greater than 1.5 m / s, thus ensuring the safe evacuation of personnel within the station.

[0083] Furthermore, this invention not only achieves integrated design of ventilation and smoke extraction systems for stations, but also facilitates ventilation and smoke extraction in inverted underground stations during fires, enabling diversified ventilation and smoke extraction modes and ensuring high ventilation and smoke extraction efficiency.

[0084] Based on the ventilation and smoke exhaust system of the inverted underground station shown in the above embodiment, in the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the station hall, this embodiment can exhaust smoke from the public area of ​​the station hall, exhaust smoke from the entrance and exit passages, supply air to the public area of ​​the platform, and supply air to the station tunnel, so that the airflow direction in the station is: station tunnel → public area of ​​the platform → public area of ​​the station hall → entrance and exit passages → ground, ensuring that the airflow of the escalators and stairs from the platform to the station hall meets the requirement of a downward flow velocity greater than 1.5m / s.

[0085] In the first example, this embodiment provides a smoke extraction method for a fire in the public area of ​​the station hall, including:

[0086] In the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the station hall, the following subsystems will be activated: the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke will be exhausted from the public area of ​​the station hall through the first station hall ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, auxiliary smoke exhaust will be provided through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, air will be supplied to the public area of ​​the platform through the second platform ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, air will be supplied to the station tunnel through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vent, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters will be kept in the deployed state.

[0087] like Figure 1 As shown, when the first fire detector detects a fire in the public area of ​​the station hall, the following smoke extraction method can be used in this embodiment.

[0088] The system automatically activates the public area air supply and smoke exhaust fans A1 and A2, as well as the first interlocking air valves D1 and D2, which are one-to-one with the public area air supply and smoke exhaust fans A1 and A2. It also activates the first control air valves D13 and D14, and exhausts smoke from the public area of ​​the station hall through the public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E1 to E4.

[0089] The system automatically activates all entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust fans A9 to A12, as well as the fourth interlocking air valves D9 to D12 that correspond one-to-one with the entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust fans A9 to A12. It also activates the sixth control air valves D25 to D28 and provides auxiliary smoke exhaust through the entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E17 to E20.

[0090] The system automatically activates the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans A3 and A4, as well as the second interlocking air valves D3 and D4, which are one-to-one with the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans A3 and A4. It also activates the fourth control air valves D19 and D20, and supplies air to the public area of ​​the platform through the air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E11 and E12.

[0091] The system automatically activates tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A5-A8, as well as the corresponding third interlocking air valves D5-D8, to supply air into the station tunnel through the fan outlets F1-F4. This allows air from inside the station tunnel to enter the platform public area through the gaps between the platform doors, thus ensuring that the air pressure in the platform public area is in a positive pressure state.

[0092] Automatically close the second control air valves D15 and D16, the third control air valves D17 and D18, and the fifth control air valves D21 to D24.

[0093] Automatic linkage control keeps the smoke-blocking roller shutters 61-66 in the unfolded state, so that only the front escalator openings of escalators 51 and 52 are exposed, thereby ensuring that the air in the public area of ​​the platform can only flow downwards along the extension direction of escalators 51 and 52 into the public area of ​​the station hall, and can stably form an airflow field with a flow velocity greater than 1.5m / s.

[0094] In the second example, this embodiment provides a smoke extraction method for a fire in the public area of ​​the station hall, including:

[0095] In the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the station hall, the following subsystems will be activated: the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke will be exhausted from the public area of ​​the station hall through the second station hall ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, auxiliary smoke exhaust will be provided through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, air will be supplied to the public area of ​​the platform through the first platform ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, air will be supplied to the station tunnel through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vent, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters will be kept in the deployed state.

[0096] like Figure 1 As shown, when the first fire detector detects a fire in the public area of ​​the station hall, the following smoke extraction method can be used in this embodiment.

[0097] The system automatically activates the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans A3 and A4, as well as the second interlocking air valves D3 and D4, which are one-to-one with the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans A3 and A4. It also activates the second control air valves D15 and D16, and exhausts smoke into the public area of ​​the station hall through the air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E5 and E6.

[0098] The system automatically activates all entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust fans A9 to A12, as well as the fourth interlocking air valves D9 to D12 that correspond one-to-one with the entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust fans A9 to A12. It also activates the sixth control air valves D25 to D28 and provides auxiliary smoke exhaust through the entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E17 to E20.

[0099] The system automatically activates the public area air supply and smoke exhaust fans A1 and A2, as well as the first interlocking air valves D1 and D2, which are one-to-one with the public area air supply and smoke exhaust fans A1 and A2. It also activates the third control air valves D17 and D18, and supplies air to the public area of ​​the platform through the first platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E7 to E10.

[0100] The system automatically activates tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A5-A8, as well as the corresponding third interlocking air valves D5-D8, to supply air into the station tunnel through the fan outlets F1-F4. This allows air from inside the station tunnel to enter the platform public area through the gaps between the platform doors, thus ensuring that the air pressure in the platform public area is in a positive pressure state.

[0101] Automatic linkage closes the first control air valves D13 and D14, the fourth control air valves D19 and D20, and the fifth control air valves D21 to D24.

[0102] Automatic linkage control keeps the smoke-blocking roller shutters 61-66 in the unfolded state, so that only the front escalator openings of escalators 51 and 52 are exposed, thereby ensuring that the air in the public area of ​​the platform can only flow downwards along the extension direction of escalators 51 and 52 into the public area of ​​the station hall, and can stably form an airflow field with a flow velocity greater than 1.5m / s.

[0103] Based on the ventilation and smoke exhaust system of the inverted underground station shown in the above embodiment, in the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the platform, this embodiment can exhaust smoke from the public area of ​​the platform, supply air to the public area of ​​the station hall, supply air to the entrance and exit passages, and exhaust smoke from the station tunnel, so that the airflow direction in the station is: ground → entrance and exit passage → public area of ​​the station hall → public area of ​​the platform → station tunnel, ensuring that the airflow of the escalators and stairs from the station hall to the platform meets the requirement of an upward flow velocity greater than 1.5m / s.

[0104] In the first example, this embodiment provides a smoke extraction method for a fire in the public area of ​​a platform, including:

[0105] In the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the platform, the following subsystems will be activated: the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke will be exhausted from the public area of ​​the platform through the second platform ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, auxiliary smoke exhaust will be provided through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, air will be supplied to the public area of ​​the station hall through the first station hall ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, supplementary air will be provided through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters will be kept in the deployed state.

[0106] like Figure 1 As shown, when the second fire detector detects a fire in the public area of ​​the platform, the following smoke extraction method can be used in this embodiment.

[0107] The system automatically activates the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans A3 and A4, as well as the second interlocking air valves that correspond one-to-one with the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans A3 and A4. It also activates the fourth control air valves D19 and D20, and exhausts smoke into the public area of ​​the platform through the air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E11 and E12.

[0108] The system automatically activates the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A5 to A8, as well as the third interlocking air valves D5 to D8, which are one-to-one with the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A5 to A8. The system then assists in smoke exhaust through the air outlets F1 to F4 of the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans, allowing the smoke from the public area of ​​the platform to enter the station tunnel through the gaps between the platform doors, and then be discharged outside the station tunnel by the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A5 to A8.

[0109] The system automatically activates the public area air supply and exhaust fans A1 and A2, as well as the first interlocking air valves D1 and D2, which are one-to-one with the public area air supply and exhaust fans A1 and A2. It also activates the first control air valves D13 and D14, and supplies air to the public area of ​​the station hall through the first station hall public area air supply and exhaust pipes E1 to E4.

[0110] The system automatically activates all entrance and exit channel air supply and smoke exhaust fans A9 to A12, as well as the fourth interlocking air valves D9 to D12 that correspond one-to-one with the entrance and exit channel air supply and smoke exhaust fans A9 to A12. It also activates the sixth control air valves D25 to D28, and provides supplementary air through the entrance and exit channel air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E17 to E20.

[0111] Automatically close the third control air valves D17 and D18, the second control air valves D15 and D16, and the fifth control air valves D21 to D24.

[0112] Automatic linkage control ensures that smoke-blocking roller shutters 61-66 are in the unfolded state, so that only the front escalator openings of escalators 51 and 52 are exposed. This ensures that the air in the station hall public area can only flow upwards along the extension direction of escalators 51 and 52 to the platform public area, and can stably form an airflow field with a flow velocity greater than 1.5m / s.

[0113] In the second example, this embodiment provides a smoke extraction method for a fire in the public area of ​​a platform, including:

[0114] In the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the platform, the following subsystems will be activated: the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke will be exhausted from the public area of ​​the platform through the first platform ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, auxiliary smoke exhaust will be provided through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, air will be supplied to the public area of ​​the station hall through the second station hall ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, supplementary air will be provided through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters will be kept in the deployed state.

[0115] like Figure 1 As shown, when the second fire detector detects a fire in the public area of ​​the platform, the following smoke extraction method can be used in this embodiment.

[0116] The system automatically activates the public area air supply and smoke exhaust fans A1 and A2, as well as the first interlocking air valves D1 and D2, which are one-to-one with the public area air supply and smoke exhaust fans A1 and A2. It also activates the third control air valves D17 and D18, and exhausts smoke from the public area of ​​the platform through the first platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E7 to E10.

[0117] The system automatically activates the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A5 to A8, as well as the third interlocking air valves D5 to D8, which are one-to-one with the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A5 to A8. The system then assists in smoke exhaust through the air outlets F1 to F4 of the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans, allowing the smoke from the public area of ​​the platform to enter the station tunnel through the gaps between the platform doors, and then be discharged outside the station tunnel by the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A5 to A8.

[0118] The system automatically activates the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans A3 and A4, as well as the second interlocking air valves D3 and D4, which are one-to-one with the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans A3 and A4. It also activates the second control air valves D15 and D16, and supplies air to the public area of ​​the station hall through the second station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E5 and E6.

[0119] The system automatically activates all entrance and exit channel air supply and smoke exhaust fans A9 to A12, as well as the fourth interlocking air valves D9 to D12 that correspond one-to-one with the entrance and exit channel air supply and smoke exhaust fans A9 to A12. It also activates the sixth control air valves D25 to D28, and provides supplementary air through the entrance and exit channel air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E17 to E20.

[0120] Automatic linkage closes the first control air valves D13 and D14, the fourth control air valves D19 and D20, and the fifth control air valves D21 to D24.

[0121] Automatic linkage control ensures that smoke-blocking roller shutters 61-66 are in the unfolded state, so that only the front escalator openings of escalators 51 and 52 are exposed. This ensures that the air in the station hall public area can only flow upwards along the extension direction of escalators 51 and 52 to the platform public area, and can stably form an airflow field with a flow velocity greater than 1.5m / s.

[0122] Based on the ventilation and smoke exhaust system of the inverted underground station shown in the above embodiment, in the event of a fire in the station tunnel, this embodiment can exhaust smoke from the station tunnel, exhaust smoke from the platform public area, supply air to the station hall public area, and supply air to the entrance and exit passages, so that the airflow direction in the station is: ground → entrance and exit passages → station hall public area → platform public area → station tunnel.

[0123] Under these conditions, it is generally not mandatory for the airflow on the escalators and stairs from the platform to the concourse to meet an upward velocity greater than 1.5 m / s.

[0124] In the first example, this embodiment of the smoke extraction method for a fire in a station tunnel includes:

[0125] In the event of a fire in the station tunnel, the following subsystems will be activated: the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke will be exhausted through the rail top smoke exhaust duct, assisted by the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, exhausting smoke from the platform public area through the first platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, replenishing air through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust ducts, and keeping the smoke-blocking roller shutters in the deployed state.

[0126] like Figure 1 As shown, when the third fire detector detects a fire in station tunnel 31, the following smoke extraction method can be used in this embodiment.

[0127] Automatic linkage activates the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans A3 and A4, as well as the second interlocking air valves D3 and D4, which are one-to-one with the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans A3 and A4. It also activates the fifth control air valves D21 and D22, and exhausts smoke through the smoke exhaust ducts E15 and E16 on the rail top.

[0128] The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A5 and A7 are automatically activated, as well as D5 and D7, which are one-to-one with the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A5 and A7, and the smoke is assisted in exhausting through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents F1 and F2.

[0129] Here, considering that the platform doors may need to be opened for passenger evacuation, and that smoke may spread from the station tunnel to the platform public area, the public area air supply and smoke exhaust fans A1 and A2 are automatically activated, as well as the first interlocking air valves D1 and D2 that are one-to-one with the public area air supply and smoke exhaust fans A1 and A2, and the third control air valves D17 and D18 are opened, so that the smoke in the platform public area can be exhausted through the first platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E7 to E10.

[0130] The system automatically activates all entrance and exit channel air supply and smoke exhaust fans A9 to A12, as well as the fourth interlocking air valves D9 to D12 that correspond one-to-one with the entrance and exit channel air supply and smoke exhaust fans A9 to A12. It also activates the sixth control air valves D25 to D28, and provides supplementary air through the entrance and exit channel air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E17 to E20.

[0131] Automatic linkage shuts down tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A6 and A8, as well as the third interlocking air valves D6 and D8 that are one-to-one with tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A6 and A8.

[0132] Automatic linkage closes the first control air valves D13 and D14, the fourth control air valves D19 and D20, the second control air valves D15 and D16, and the fifth control air valves D23 to D24.

[0133] Automatic linkage control ensures that smoke-blocking roller shutters 61-66 are in the unfolded state, so that only the front escalator openings of escalators 51 and 52 are exposed, thereby ensuring that the air in the station hall public area flows upward along the extension direction of escalators 51 and 52 to the platform public area, so as to facilitate the evacuation of people in the station.

[0134] In the second example, this embodiment of the smoke extraction method for a fire in a station tunnel includes:

[0135] In the event of a fire in the station tunnel, the following subsystems will be activated: the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke will be exhausted through the rail top smoke exhaust duct, smoke will be exhausted to the platform public area through the second platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, smoke will be assisted through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, air will be supplied to the station hall public area through the first station hall public area ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, air will be replenished through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters will be kept in the deployed state.

[0136] like Figure 1 As shown, when the third fire detector detects a fire in station tunnel 31, the following smoke extraction method can be used in this embodiment.

[0137] The automatic linkage opens the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans A3 and A4, as well as the second interlocking air valves D3 and D4, which are one-to-one with the heat exhaust and smoke exhaust fans A3 and A4. The fifth control air valves D21 and D22 are opened to exhaust smoke through the smoke exhaust ducts E15 and E16 on the rail top. The fourth control air valves D19 and D20 are opened to exhaust smoke to the public area of ​​the platform through the second platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust ducts E11 and E12.

[0138] The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A5 and A7 are automatically activated, along with the third interlocking air valves D5 and D7 that are one-to-one with the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A5 and A7, and auxiliary smoke exhaust is carried out through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust outlets F1 and F2.

[0139] The system automatically activates the public area air supply and exhaust fans A1 and A2, as well as the first interlocking air valves D1 and D2, which are one-to-one with the public area air supply and exhaust fans A1 and A2. It also activates the first control air valves D13 and D14, and supplies air to the public area of ​​the station hall through the first station hall public area air supply and exhaust pipes E1 to E4.

[0140] The system automatically activates all entrance and exit channel air supply and smoke exhaust fans A9 to A12, as well as the fourth interlocking air valves D9 to D12 that correspond one-to-one with the entrance and exit channel air supply and smoke exhaust fans A9 to A12. It also activates the sixth control air valves D25 to D28, and provides supplementary air through the entrance and exit channel air supply and smoke exhaust pipes E17 to E20.

[0141] Automatic linkage shuts down tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A6 and A8, as well as the third interlocking air valves D6 and D8 that are one-to-one with tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust fans A6 and A8.

[0142] Automatically close the third control air valves D17 and D18, the second control air valves D15 and D16, and the fifth control air valves D23 to D24.

[0143] Automatic linkage control ensures that smoke-blocking roller shutters 61-66 are in the unfolded state, so that only the front escalator openings of escalators 51 and 52 are exposed, thereby ensuring that the air in the station hall public area flows upward along the extension direction of escalators 51 and 52 to the platform public area, so as to facilitate the evacuation of people in the station.

[0144] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation and smoke extraction system for an inverted underground station, characterized in that, The inverted underground station includes: a platform level, a concourse level, and a station tunnel located on the platform level. The platform level is located above the concourse level. Stairs and escalators are provided between the platform level and the concourse level. Platform doors are provided between the station tunnel and the platform on the platform level. The concourse level has entrance and exit passages leading directly to the ground. The ventilation and smoke exhaust system includes: a public area air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem and a heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem. The public area air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes a first platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe, a first station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe, and a first air supply and smoke exhaust device; the first platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe and the first station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust pipe are respectively connected to the first air supply and smoke exhaust device; The heat exhaust and air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes a rail top smoke exhaust duct, a second platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct, a second station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct, and a second air supply and smoke exhaust device; the rail top smoke exhaust duct, the second platform public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct, and the second station hall public area air supply and smoke exhaust duct are respectively connected to the second air supply and smoke exhaust device. The ventilation and smoke exhaust system also includes: an entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem, a tunnel air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem, and smoke-blocking roller shutters; The entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust subsystem includes an entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipe and a third air supply and smoke exhaust device, and the entrance and exit passage air supply and smoke exhaust pipe and the third air supply and smoke exhaust device are connected. The tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem includes a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust outlet and a fourth ventilation and smoke exhaust device, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust outlet and the fourth ventilation and smoke exhaust device are connected. The smoke-blocking roller shutter is installed on the concourse level of the underground station. The smoke-blocking roller shutter has a retracted state and an extended state. In the absence of a fire in the inverted underground station, the smoke-blocking roller shutter is in the retracted state. In the event of a fire in the inverted underground station, the smoke-blocking roller shutter is in the extended state. The smoke-blocking roller shutter is installed around the left, right, and rear sides of the escalator to expose the escalator opening at the front of the escalator.

2. The ventilation and smoke extraction system of the inverted underground station according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The station has a first fire detector, a second fire detector, and a third fire detector; the first fire detector is located in the public area of ​​the station hall, the second fire detector is located in the public area of ​​the platform, and the third fire detector is located in the station tunnel.

3. A smoke extraction method for a ventilation and smoke extraction system of an inverted underground station as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, include: In the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the station hall, the following subsystems will be activated: the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke will be exhausted from the public area of ​​the station hall through the first public area ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, auxiliary smoke exhaust will be provided through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, air will be supplied to the public area of ​​the platform through the second platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, air will be supplied to the station tunnel through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters will be kept in the deployed state. Alternatively, in the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the station hall, the system can be activated and operated by controlling the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke can be exhausted from the public area of ​​the station hall through the second station hall ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, smoke can be assisted through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, air can be supplied to the public area of ​​the platform through the first platform ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, air can be supplied to the station tunnel through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vent, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters can be kept in the deployed state.

4. A smoke extraction method for a ventilation and smoke extraction system of an inverted underground station as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, include: In the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the platform, the system will activate and operate the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. It will exhaust smoke to the public area of ​​the platform through the second platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, provide auxiliary smoke exhaust through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, supply air to the public area of ​​the station hall through the first station hall public area ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, provide supplementary air through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, and keep the smoke-blocking roller shutters in the deployed state. Alternatively, in the event of a fire in the public area of ​​the platform, the system can be activated and operated by controlling the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke can be exhausted from the public area of ​​the platform through the first platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, auxiliary smoke can be exhausted through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, air can be supplied to the public area of ​​the station hall through the second station hall public area ventilation and smoke exhaust pipe, supplementary air can be supplied through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters can be kept in the deployed state.

5. A smoke extraction method for a ventilation and smoke extraction system of an inverted underground station as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, include: In the event of a fire in the station tunnel, the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem will be activated and put into operation. Smoke will be exhausted through the rail top smoke exhaust duct, auxiliary smoke exhaust will be provided through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, smoke will be exhausted to the public area of ​​the platform through the first platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, air will be supplied through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters will be kept in the deployed state. Alternatively, in the event of a fire in the station tunnel, the system can be activated and operated to control the public area ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, the heat exhaust and ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust subsystem. Smoke can be exhausted through the rail top smoke exhaust duct, smoke can be exhausted to the platform public area through the second platform public area ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, smoke can be assisted to exhaust through the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust vents, air can be supplied to the station hall public area through the first station hall public area ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, air can be supplemented through the entrance and exit passage ventilation and smoke exhaust duct, and the smoke-blocking roller shutters can be kept in the deployed state.

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