3D printing extrusion mechanism and 3D printer

Abstract

The application relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and provides a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and a 3D printer, which comprise a shell, both end inner walls of the shell near the top are fixedly provided with mounting side seats, both sides of the mounting side seats are fixedly provided with melting frames, the inside of the melting frames is provided with a heating assembly, one end of the top of the melting frame is fixedly provided with a feeding pipe, one end of the top of the shell is fixedly provided with a feeding pipe, and the inside of the feeding pipe and the inside of the feeding pipe are provided with wires. In the application, the whole 3D printer is provided with driving structures running synchronously when feeding and discharging, the extrusion mechanism of the whole 3D printer has better discharging effect, the 3D printing product can be effectively cooled and treated, the 3D printing product can be quickly formed, the forming rate of the whole printer is improved, the air circulation rate above the inside of the shell is accelerated, the inside of the shell above is effectively ventilated and cooled, and the working life is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of 3D printing technology, and particularly relates to a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and a 3D printer. Background Technology

[0002] A 3D printer, also known as a three-dimensional printer (3DP), is a type of additive manufacturing technology, or rapid prototyping technology. It uses a digital model file as a basis and employs special wax materials, powdered metals, or plastics and other adhesive materials to create three-dimensional objects by printing layers of adhesive materials. It uses a layer-by-layer stacking method to create a three-dimensional model. Its operation is similar to that of a traditional printer, except that a traditional printer prints ink onto paper to form a two-dimensional drawing, while a 3D printer stacks liquid photosensitive resin materials, molten plastic filaments, plaster powder, and other materials layer by layer through methods such as spraying adhesives or extrusion to form a three-dimensional solid.

[0003] A search revealed a novel 3D printing rod extrusion mechanism with patent publication number CN112537022B. This mechanism includes a drive gear and a driven gear, which mesh with each other. The drive gear is mounted on a first device, and the driven gear is mounted on a second device. The first and second devices have identical structures, both including a synchronous belt, a top synchronous pulley, and a bottom synchronous pulley. Positioning sleeves are located at the upper ends of both devices, and heating devices are located at the lower ends, with nozzles at the bottom of the heating devices. This invention achieves adaptive size control of the rod within a certain range and ensures continuous conveying and extrusion of multiple rod segments, thereby guaranteeing adaptability and continuity in the actual printing process. This lays the foundation for automated feeding and expands the material applicability of fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technology.

[0004] In the process of implementing the above-mentioned patented solution, the following problems were found in the prior art that have not been well resolved: the existing 3D printers do not have good operating effect when feeding and discharging. Generally, existing 3D printers have a drive mechanism at the feeding part, but no drive mechanism at the discharging part. As a result, the feeding and discharging of the entire 3D printer are operated synchronously by the drive mechanism at the feeding part, which has poor operating effect. Therefore, it is urgent to design a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and a 3D printer to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and a 3D printer, aiming to solve the problem that existing 3D printers do not have good operational performance during feeding and unloading. Generally, existing 3D printers have a drive mechanism at the feeding part, but no drive mechanism at the unloading part, so the feeding and unloading of the entire 3D printer are operated synchronously by the drive mechanism at the feeding part, resulting in poor operational performance.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and a 3D printer, comprising a housing, wherein mounting side seats are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both ends of the housing near the top, and a melting frame is fixedly installed on both sides of the mounting side seats. A heating component is disposed inside the melting frame, a feed pipe is fixedly installed at the top end of the melting frame, and an inlet pipe is fixedly installed at the top end of the housing. Wires are disposed inside the inlet pipe and the feed pipe. A partition is fixedly installed on the inner walls of the housing near the middle position, and the partition... Mounting base holes are provided on one side, one bottom end of the shell, and the other bottom end of the molten frame. An extrusion pipe is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting base hole. A nozzle is connected to the bottom of the extrusion pipe by a screw connection. A mounting hole is provided on the other top end of the molten frame. A drive shaft is connected to the inner wall of the mounting hole by a bearing. An auger inserted into the extrusion pipe is fixed to the bottom of the drive shaft. A worm gear is fixed to the outer wall of the drive shaft. A feeding assembly for driving the wire movement is provided on the top of the shell. A drive mechanism is provided on one side of the feeding assembly and one side of the worm gear.

[0009] In this invention, the material conveying assembly includes two drive shafts connected to the top two sides of the inner wall of the housing by pins, and a drive wheel is fixed to one end of the outer wall of each of the two drive shafts. An anti-slip groove is provided in the middle of the outer circumference of each of the two drive wheels. The wire is arranged between the two drive wheels. A toothed ring is fixed to one side of each of the two drive wheels, and one side of the two toothed rings meshes with each other.

[0010] In this invention, the driving mechanism includes a motor fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of one end of the housing, and the output shaft of the motor is fixed to one end of one of the drive shafts. A worm is fixed to one side of the outer wall of this drive shaft, and one side of the worm meshes with one side of the worm wheel.

[0011] In this invention, the heating assembly includes a heater fixedly installed at the bottom of the melting frame, and a heating tube inserted into the melting frame is fixedly installed on the top of the heater.

[0012] In this invention, an inspection port is provided on one side of the housing, and an inspection plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inspection port. An installation base is fixedly installed on the top of the housing, and a through hole is provided on the installation base for the feed pipe to pass through.

[0013] In this invention, air inlets are provided on the top of the other side of the housing and on the top of one side of the inspection plate. An exhaust pipe inserted into the housing is fixed to the inner wall of one of the air inlets. An exhaust fan is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the partition, and a guide pipe passing through the partition is fixedly installed on the top of the exhaust fan. The top of the guide pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the exhaust pipe. A cooling duct extending out of the bottom of the housing is fixedly installed on the bottom of the exhaust fan. The bottom end of the cooling duct is close to the nozzle. An installation clamp is fixedly installed between the bottom of the housing and the outer wall of the cooling duct. A refrigeration mechanism is provided between the bottom end of the exhaust pipe and the inside of the housing.

[0014] In this invention, the refrigeration mechanism includes a cold water tank fixedly installed between the bottom of the partition and the inner wall of the bottom of the housing, and the bottom end of the exhaust pipe extends into the interior of the cold water tank through the partition. A water-absorbing sponge sleeve wrapped around the bottom end of the exhaust pipe is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the cold water tank. A cooler is fixedly installed on the top of the partition, and a cooling plate inserted into the cold water tank is fixedly installed on the bottom of the cooler.

[0015] In this invention, a viewing window is provided on one side of the cold water tank and the other end of the shell, and a sealed transparent plate is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the viewing window. A water injection pipe extending out of the shell is fixedly installed on the top of one side of the cold water tank, and a valve is provided on the water injection pipe.

[0016] In this invention, the motor, heater, exhaust fan, and cooler are all connected to a switch via wires, and the switch is connected to the controller of the 3D printer via wires.

[0017] A 3D printer includes a 3D printing extrusion mechanism as described above.

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0019] This invention provides a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and a 3D printer, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The entire extrusion mechanism for a 3D printer is composed of a shell, melting frame, heating component, extrusion pipe, auger, nozzle, feeding component, and drive mechanism. The motor in the drive mechanism drives the drive shaft to rotate, which in turn drives two drive wheels to rotate in opposite directions. The meshing of the worm and worm wheel drives the transmission shaft and auger to rotate synchronously. At this time, the drive wheels and anti-slip grooves push the filament into the melting frame. Under the action of the heating component, the filament is melted and flows into the extrusion pipe. The rotating auger expels the filament from the nozzle. Thus, the entire 3D printer has a synchronously operating drive structure during feeding and extrusion, resulting in better extrusion performance.

[0021] 2. Through the set cooling mechanism, exhaust fan, exhaust pipe and cooling air pipe, since the entire 3D printer is in a high temperature state when the filament fluid is ejected, the water in the cold water tank can be cooled by the refrigerator and cooling plate in the cooling mechanism. The cold air in the cold water tank is then sprayed at low speed onto the 3D printed product by the suction of the exhaust fan through the exhaust pipe and cooling air pipe, which effectively cools the 3D printed product, so that the 3D printed product can be formed quickly and the forming speed of the entire printer can be improved.

[0022] 3. By using the air inlet, exhaust pipe and exhaust fan, when the exhaust fan is used for ventilation, the air circulation rate inside the upper part of the shell is also accelerated through the exhaust pipe and air inlet. At this time, the heat generated by the heater and cooler during operation can be drawn into the exhaust pipe to come into contact with the cold air and cool down the heat generated. This effectively ventilates and dissipates heat inside the upper part of the shell, and improves the service life of the heater and cooler. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and a 3D printer.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a rear view of a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and a 3D printer.

[0025] Figure 3 This is an overall cross-sectional view of a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and a 3D printer.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and the worm gear and gear ring structure of a 3D printer.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and the fused frame and extrusion pipe of a 3D printer.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and a mounting base hole structure for a 3D printer.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and the cooling plate and water-absorbing sponge sleeve structure of a 3D printer.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing extrusion mechanism and a auger structure for a 3D printer.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1. Housing; 2. Motor; 3. Mounting base; 4. Wire; 5. Exhaust duct; 6. Cooling duct; 7. Nozzle; 8. Inspection plate; 9. Air inlet; 10. Viewing window; 11. Worm gear; 12. Drive shaft; 13. Melting frame; 14. Heater; 15. Extrusion pipe; 16. Cold water tank; 17. Exhaust fan; 18. Partition plate; 19. Drive wheel; 20. Drive shaft; 21. Worm; 22. Gear ring; 23. Feed pipe; 24. Mounting side seat; 25. Refrigerator; 26. Sealing transparent plate; 27. Screwdriver; 28. Heating tube; 29. ​​Mounting base hole; 30. Cooling plate; 31. Absorbent sponge sleeve; 32. Mounting clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1-8 A 3D printing extrusion mechanism and a 3D printer include a housing 1. Mounting side seats 24 are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both ends of the housing 1 near the top. A melting frame 13 is fixedly installed on both sides of the mounting side seats 24. A heating component is disposed inside the melting frame 13. A feed pipe 23 is fixedly installed at one top end of the melting frame 13, and an inlet pipe is fixedly installed at one top end of the housing 1. Wire 4 is disposed inside the inlet pipe and the feed pipe 23. A partition 18 is fixedly installed on the inner walls of the housing 1 near the middle. Mounting base holes 29 are provided on one side of the partition 18, one bottom end of the housing 1, and the other bottom end of the melting frame 13. An extrusion pipe 15 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting base hole 29. The nozzle 7 is connected to the bottom by a screw connection. The other end of the top of the molten frame 13 has a mounting hole, and the inner wall of the mounting hole is connected to the drive shaft 12 by a bearing. The bottom of the drive shaft 12 is fixed with an auger 27 inserted into the extrusion pipe 15. The outer wall of the drive shaft 12 is fixed with a worm gear 11. The top of the housing 1 is provided with a feeding assembly for driving the movement of the filament 4. A drive mechanism is provided on one side of the feeding assembly and one side of the worm gear 11. The drive mechanism pushes the filament 4 into the molten frame 13 and the auger 27 extrudes the filament fluid out of the nozzle 7. This makes the entire 3D printer equipped with a synchronously operating drive structure during feeding and unloading, resulting in better extrusion performance of the entire 3D printer.

[0035] Furthermore, the material conveying assembly includes two drive shafts 20 connected to the top two sides of the inner wall of the housing 1 by pins, and a drive wheel 19 is fixed to one end of the outer wall of each of the two drive shafts 20. Anti-slip grooves are provided in the middle of the outer circumference of each of the two drive wheels 19. The wire 4 is arranged between the two drive wheels 19. A toothed ring 22 is fixed to one side of each of the two drive wheels 19, and one side of the two toothed rings 22 meshes with each other.

[0036] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a motor 2 fixedly mounted on the top of the outer wall of one end of the housing 1, and the output shaft of the motor 2 is fixed to one end of one of the drive shafts 20. A worm 21 is fixed to one side of the outer wall of the drive shaft 20, and one side of the worm 21 meshes with one side of the worm wheel 11.

[0037] Furthermore, the heating assembly includes a heater 14 fixedly installed at the bottom of the melting frame 13, and a heating tube 28 inserted into the melting frame 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the heater 14. The wire 4 entering the melting frame 13 is heated and melted by the heater 14 and the heating tube 28 in the heating assembly, so that it forms a fluid for rapid extrusion.

[0038] Furthermore, an inspection port is provided on one side of the housing 1, and an inspection plate 8 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inspection port. An installation base 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the housing 1, and a through hole for the feed pipe to pass through is provided on the installation base 3.

[0039] Furthermore, both motor 2 and heater 14 are connected to switches via wires, and the switches are connected to the controller of the 3D printer via wires.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7Air inlets 9 are provided on the top of the other side of the housing 1 and on the top of one side of the inspection plate 8. An exhaust pipe 5, inserted into the interior of the housing 1, is fixed to the inner wall of one of the air inlets 9. An exhaust fan 17 is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the partition 18, and a guide pipe passing through the partition 18 is fixedly installed on the top of the exhaust fan 17. The top of the guide pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the exhaust pipe 5. A cooling duct 6 extending out of the bottom of the housing 1 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the exhaust fan 17. The bottom end of the cooling duct 6 is close to the nozzle 7. A mounting clamp 32 is fixedly installed between the bottom of the housing 1 and the outer wall of the cooling duct 6. A cooling mechanism is provided inside the housing 1 at the bottom end of the exhaust pipe 5. Since the entire 3D printer operates in a spraying... When the filament fluid is discharged, it is in a high-temperature state. At this time, the water in the cold water tank 16 can be cooled by the refrigeration mechanism, so that the cold air is sprayed at low speed onto the 3D printed product under the suction of the exhaust fan 17, which effectively cools the 3D printed product, allowing the 3D printed product to be formed quickly. In addition, when the exhaust fan 17 is ventilating, it also accelerates the air circulation rate inside the upper part of the shell 1 through the exhaust pipe 5 and the air inlet 9. At this time, the heat generated by the heater 14 and other electrical components inside the shell 1 can be drawn into the exhaust pipe 5 to come into contact with the cold air and cool down the heat generated. This effectively ventilates and dissipates heat inside the upper part of the shell 1, improving its service life.

[0042] Furthermore, the refrigeration mechanism includes a cold water tank 16 fixedly installed between the bottom of the partition 18 and the bottom inner wall of the housing 1. The bottom end of the exhaust pipe 5 extends into the interior of the cold water tank 16 through the partition 18. A water-absorbing sponge sleeve 31 wrapped around the bottom end of the exhaust pipe 5 is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the cold water tank 16. A cooler 25 is fixedly installed on the top of the partition 18, and a cooling plate 30 inserted into the cold water tank 16 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the cooler 25. The cooler 25 and the cooling plate 30 in the refrigeration mechanism cool the water in the cold water tank 16, so that the cold air in the cold water tank 16 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 5 and the water-absorbing sponge sleeve 31 absorbs the moisture in the cold air, preventing the moisture from spreading to the 3D printed product.

[0043] Furthermore, a viewing window 10 is provided on one side of the cold water tank 16 and the other end of the shell 1, and a sealed transparent plate 26 is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the viewing window 10. A water injection pipe extending out of the shell 1 is fixedly installed on the top of one side of the cold water tank 16, and a valve is provided on the water injection pipe. The liquid level in the cold water tank 16 can be easily observed through the viewing window 10 and the sealed transparent plate 26 to avoid the inability to carry out effective cooling operation after water evaporates.

[0044] Furthermore, both the exhaust fan 17 and the cooler 25 are connected to switches via wires, and the switches are connected to the controller of the 3D printer via wires.

[0045] A 3D printer includes a 3D printing extrusion mechanism as described above. Because this 3D printer has the aforementioned 3D printing extrusion mechanism, during use, the 3D printing extrusion mechanism is mounted on the 3D printer via the mounting base 3, allowing for subsequent normal printing.

[0046] The detailed description of known functions and components is omitted in this disclosure. To ensure the compatibility of the equipment, the operating methods used are consistent with the parameters of commercially available instruments.

[0047] In summary, the operating steps of the 3D printing extrusion mechanism and the 3D printer are as follows;

[0048] During operation, the entire device is mounted on the 3D printer via the mounting base 3. The motor 2 within the drive mechanism drives the drive shaft 20 to rotate, which, in conjunction with the meshing of the two gear rings 22, drives the two drive wheels 19 to rotate in opposite directions. This, along with the meshing of the worm gear 21 and worm wheel 11, drives the transmission shaft 12 and the auger 27 to rotate synchronously. At this time, the drive wheels 19 and anti-slip grooves push the filament 4 into the melting frame 13. Under the action of the heating component, the filament 4 is melted, causing the filament fluid to flow into the extrusion pipe 15. The rotating auger 27 then extrudes the filament fluid through the nozzle 7. This ensures that the entire 3D printer has a synchronously operating drive structure during both feeding and extrusion, resulting in better extrusion performance. Because the entire 3D printer operates at high speeds when extruding filament fluid... In the cold water condition, the water in the cold water tank 16 can be cooled by the cooler 25 and the cooling plate 30 in the cooling mechanism. The cold air in the cold water tank 16 is then sprayed at low speed onto the 3D printed product through the exhaust pipe 5 and the cooling air pipe 6 under the suction of the exhaust fan 17. This effectively cools the 3D printed product, allowing it to form quickly and increasing the overall forming speed of the printer. When the exhaust fan 17 is drawing air, it also accelerates the air circulation rate inside the upper part of the shell 1 through the exhaust pipe 5 and the air inlet 9. At this time, the heat generated by the heater 14 and the cooler 25 during operation can be drawn into the exhaust pipe 5 to contact the cold air and cool down the heat generated. This effectively ventilates and dissipates heat inside the upper part of the shell 1, improving the service life of the heater 14 and the cooler 25.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A 3D printing extrusion mechanism comprising a housing (1), characterized in that, The inner wall of both ends of the shell (1) near the top is fixedly installed with a mounting side seat (24), and the mounting side seat (24) is fixedly installed with a melting frame (13), the inside of the melting frame (13) is provided with a heating assembly, the heating assembly comprises a heater (14) fixedly installed at the bottom of the melting frame (13), and the top of the heater (14) is fixedly installed with a heating pipe (28) inserted into the melting frame (13), one end of the top of the melting frame (13) is fixedly installed with a feeding pipe (23), and one end of the top of the shell (1) is fixedly installed with a feeding pipe, the inside of the feeding pipe and the inside of the feeding pipe (23) are provided with a wire (4), the peripheral inner wall of the shell (1) near the middle position is fixedly installed with a partition plate (18), and the bottom of the shell (1) and the bottom of the other end of the melting frame (13) are provided with a mounting base hole (29) on one side of the partition plate (18), the inner wall of the mounting base hole (29) is fixedly installed with an extrusion pipe (15), the bottom of the extrusion pipe (15) is connected with a nozzle (7) through screw connection, one end of the top of the melting frame (13) is provided with a mounting hole, and the inner wall of the mounting hole is connected with a transmission shaft (12) through a bearing, the bottom of the transmission shaft (12) is fixedly installed with a auger (27) inserted into the extrusion pipe (15), the outer wall of the transmission shaft (12) is fixedly installed with a worm gear (11), and the top of the shell (1) is provided with a feeding assembly for driving the wire (4) to move; The inner wall of both ends of the shell (1) near the top is fixedly installed with a mounting side seat (24), and the mounting side seat (24) is fixedly installed with a melting frame (13), the inside of the melting frame (13) is provided with a heating assembly, the heating assembly comprises a heater (14) fixedly installed at the bottom of the melting frame (13), and the top of the heater (14) is fixedly installed with a heating pipe (28) inserted into the melting frame (13), one end of the top of the melting frame (13) is fixedly installed with a feeding pipe (23), and one end of the top of the shell (1) is fixedly installed with a feeding pipe, the inside of the feeding pipe and the inside of the feeding pipe (23) are provided with a wire (4), the peripheral inner wall of the shell (1) near the middle position is fixedly installed with a partition plate (18), and the bottom of the shell (1) and the bottom of the other end of the melting frame (13) are provided with a mounting base hole (29) on one side of the partition plate (18), the inner wall of the mounting base hole (29) is fixedly installed with an extrusion pipe (15), the bottom of the extrusion pipe (15) is connected with a nozzle (7) through screw connection, one end of the top of the melting frame (13) is provided with a mounting hole, and the inner wall of the mounting hole is connected with a transmission shaft (12) through a bearing, the bottom of the transmission shaft (12) is fixedly installed with a auger (27) inserted into the extrusion pipe (15), the outer wall of the transmission shaft (12) is fixedly installed with a worm gear (11), and the top of the shell (1) is provided with a feeding assembly for driving the wire (4) to move; The inner wall of both ends of the shell (1) near the top is fixedly installed with a mounting side seat (24), and the mounting side seat (24) is fixedly installed with a melting frame (13), the inside of the melting frame (13) is provided with a heating assembly, the heating assembly comprises a heater (14) fixedly installed at the bottom of the melting frame (13), and the top of the heater (14) is fixedly installed with a heating pipe (28) inserted into the melting frame (13), one end of the top of the melting frame (13) is fixedly installed with a feeding pipe (23), and one end of the top of the shell (1) is fixedly installed with a feeding pipe, the inside of the feeding pipe and the inside of the feeding pipe (23) are provided with a wire (4), the peripheral inner wall of the shell (1) near the middle position is fixedly installed with a partition plate (18), and the bottom of the shell (1) and the bottom of the other end of the melting frame (13) are provided with a mounting base hole (29) on one side of the partition plate (18), the inner wall of the mounting base hole (29) is fixedly installed with an extrusion pipe (15), the bottom of the extrusion pipe (15) is connected with a nozzle (7) through screw connection, one end of the top of the melting frame (13) is provided with a mounting hole, and the inner wall of the mounting hole is connected with a transmission shaft (12) through a bearing, the bottom of the transmission shaft (12) is fixedly installed with a auger (27) inserted into the extrusion pipe (15), the outer wall of the transmission shaft (12) is fixedly installed with a worm gear (11), and the top of the shell (1) is provided with a feeding assembly for driving the wire (4) to move; The side of the shell (1) is provided with an access hole, and the inner wall of the access hole is fixedly installed with an access plate (8); the top of the shell (1) is fixedly installed with a mounting base (3), and the mounting base (3) is provided with a through hole through which a feeding pipe passes; the top of the other side of the shell (1) and the top of one side of the access plate (8) are both provided with air inlet holes (9), and the inner wall of one of the air inlet holes (9) is fixedly installed with an exhaust pipe (5) inserted into the shell (1); the bottom of one side of the partition plate (18) is fixedly installed with an exhaust fan (17), and the top of the exhaust fan (17) is fixedly installed with an air guide pipe passing through the partition plate (18); the top of the air guide pipe is fixedly and conductively connected to the bottom of the exhaust pipe (5); the bottom of the exhaust fan (17) is fixedly installed with a cooling air pipe (6) extending out of the bottom of the shell (1); and the bottom end of the cooling air pipe (6) is adjacent to a nozzle (7). The bottom end of the exhaust pipe (5) is provided with a refrigeration mechanism inside the shell (1).

2. A 3D printing extrusion mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the shell (1) and the outer wall of the cooling air pipe (6) are fixedly installed with a mounting hoop (32).

3. A 3D printing extrusion mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The refrigeration mechanism comprises a cold water tank (16) fixedly installed between the bottom of the other side of the partition plate (18) and the inner wall of the bottom of the shell (1), and the bottom end of the exhaust pipe (5) extends into the inside of the cold water tank (16) through the partition plate (18); the top inner wall of the cold water tank (16) is fixedly installed with a water-absorbing sponge sleeve (31) wrapped around the bottom end of the exhaust pipe (5); the top of the partition plate (18) is fixedly installed with a refrigerator (25), and the bottom of the refrigerator (25) is fixedly installed with a refrigeration fin (30) inserted into the cold water tank (16).

4. A 3D printing extrusion mechanism as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The other end of the shell (1) and one side of the cold water tank (16) are both provided with a visual window (10), and the inner wall of the four sides of the visual window (10) is fixedly installed with a sealing transparent plate (26) on one side; the top of one side of the cold water tank (16) is fixedly installed with a water injection pipe extending out of the shell (1), and the water injection pipe is provided with a valve.

5. A 3D printing extrusion mechanism as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The motor (2), the heater (14), the exhaust fan (17) and the refrigerator (25) are all connected with switches through wires, and the switches are connected with the controller of the 3D printer through wires.

6. A 3D printer characterized by, The 3D printing extrusion mechanism comprises the 3D printing extrusion mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5. The 3D printing extrusion mechanism comprises the 3D printing extrusion mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5.

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