Methods, apparatuses, and media for performing radio resource management measurements

Abstract

Techniques are provided for reducing network signaling associated with radio resource management (RRM) measurements and mobility procedures. An example method for performing radio resource management measurements includes receiving positioning assistance data including station location information, determining a current location and a future trajectory, and performing radio resource management measurements using one or more stations based at least in part on the positioning assistance data and the future trajectory.

Description

Background Technology

[0001] Wireless communication networks have evolved through many generations, including first-generation analog radiotelephone service (1G), second-generation (2G) digital radiotelephone service (including intermediate 2.5G and 2.75G networks), third-generation (3G) high-speed data, wireless services supporting the Internet, fourth-generation (4G) services (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) or WiMax), and fifth-generation (5G) services (e.g., 5G New Radio (NR)). Currently, many different types of wireless communication networks are in use, including cellular and Personal Communication Services (PCS) systems. Known examples of cellular systems include cellular analog Advanced Mobile Phone Systems (AMPS), and digital cellular systems based on Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and variants of the Global System for Mobile Access (GSM) based on TDMA.

[0002] A wireless communication network may include multiple base stations that can support communication between multiple user equipments (UEs). UEs can communicate with base stations via downlinks and uplinks. A downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the base station to the UE, and an uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the base station.

[0003] The base station can transmit data and control information to the UE on the downlink and / or receive data and control information from the UE on the uplink. On the downlink, transmissions from the base station may encounter interference from neighboring base stations or from other radio frequency (RF) transmitters. On the uplink, transmissions from the UE may encounter interference from other UEs communicating with neighboring base stations or from uplink transmissions from other RF transmitters. This interference may degrade performance on both the downlink and uplink.

[0004] As more base stations are deployed to provide greater radio coverage and / or capacity, the issue of coexistence becomes more prevalent. Base stations in adjacent cells, whether associated with the same or different operators, can utilize one or more of the same frequencies, thus potentially causing interference between the transmissions of adjacent cell base stations and / or UEs. Radio resource management procedures can be used to facilitate coexistence between adjacent cells and reduce the impact of such interference. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An example method for performing radio resource management measurements according to this disclosure includes: receiving positioning assistance data including station location information; determining the current location and future trajectory; and performing radio resource management measurements using one or more stations, at least in part based on the positioning assistance data and the future trajectory.

[0006] Implementations of this method may include one or more of the following features: Positioning assistance data may be included in one or more broadcast messages. A request for positioning assistance data may be sent, and positioning assistance data may be received in response to sending the request. Positioning assistance data may be included in one or more radio resource control messages. Positioning assistance data may be included in one or more positioning system information blocks. Positioning assistance data may be encrypted. The method may further include: determining one or more tangent lines based on the current location and future trajectory; determining one or more tracking stations based on station location information relative to one or more tangent lines; and performing radio resource management measurements using the one or more tracking stations. The method may further include: determining the range and bearing to each of the one or more stations based on station location information and the current location; determining one or more tracking stations based on the corresponding range and bearing of the one or more stations relative to the future trajectory; and performing radio resource management measurements using the one or more tracking stations. Radio resource management measurements may include one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), and Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise (SINR) values. The positioning assistance data may include real-time delay information of one or more stations, and the method may further include: determining one or more search windows based on the real-time delay information; and performing radio resource management measurements at least in part based on one or more search windows.

[0007] An example method for obtaining radio resource management measurements in a search window according to this disclosure includes: determining real-time difference information of multiple network stations; determining a search window for radio resource management signals based at least in part on the real-time difference information; receiving one or more radio resource management signals during the search window; and providing measurement information to the network based on the radio resource management signals.

[0008] Implementations of this method may include one or more of the following features: Positioning assistance data, including real-time difference information, can be received. The positioning assistance data may be included in one or more broadcast messages. A request for positioning assistance data can be sent, and positioning assistance data can be received in response to sending the request. The positioning assistance data may be included in one or more radio resource control messages. The positioning assistance data may be included in one or more positioning system information blocks. Radio resource management signals may include at least one of a synchronization signal burst and a channel state information reference signal. Measurement information may include one or more of a reference signal received power (RSRP), a reference signal received quality (RSRQ), and a signal-to-interference-plus-noise (SINR) value. The duration of the search window may be approximately 2 to 4 milliseconds.

[0009] An example apparatus according to this disclosure includes: a memory; at least one transceiver; at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, and configured to: receive positioning assistance data including station location information; determine the current location and future trajectory; and perform radio resource management measurements using one or more stations, at least in part based on the positioning assistance data and the future trajectory.

[0010] Implementations of this apparatus may include one or more of the following features: Positioning assistance data may be included in one or more broadcast messages. At least one processor may also be configured to send a request for positioning assistance data and receive positioning assistance data in response to sending the request. Positioning assistance data may be included in one or more radio resource control messages. Positioning assistance data may be included in one or more positioning system information blocks. Positioning assistance data may be encrypted. At least one processor may also be configured to: determine one or more tangents based on the current location and future trajectory; determine one or more tracking stations based on station location information relative to one or more tangents; and perform radio resource management measurements using the one or more tracking stations. At least one processor may also be configured to: determine the distance and azimuth to each of the one or more stations based on the station location information and the current location; determine one or more tracking stations based on the corresponding distance and azimuth of the one or more stations relative to the future trajectory; and perform radio resource management measurements using the one or more tracking stations. Radio resource management measurements may include one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), and Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise (SINR) values. The positioning assistance data may include real-time delay information of one or more stations, and at least one processor may also be configured to: determine one or more search windows based on the real-time delay information; and perform radio resource management measurements at least in part based on one or more search windows.

[0011] An example apparatus according to this disclosure includes: a memory; at least one transceiver; at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, and configured to: determine real-time difference information of a plurality of network stations; determine a search window for radio resource management signals based at least in part on the real-time difference information; receive one or more radio resource management signals during the search window; and provide measurement information to the network based on the radio resource management signals.

[0012] Implementations of this device may include one or more of the following features. At least one processor may also be configured to receive positioning assistance data including real-time difference information. The positioning assistance data may be included in one or more broadcast messages. At least one processor may also be configured to send a request for positioning assistance data and receive positioning assistance data in response to sending the request. The positioning assistance data may be included in one or more radio resource control messages. The positioning assistance data may be included in one or more positioning system information blocks. Radio resource management signals may include at least one of synchronization signal bursts and channel state information reference signals. Measurement information may include one or more of reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), and signal-to-interference-plus-noise (SINR) values. The duration of the search window may be approximately 2 to 4 milliseconds.

[0013] An example apparatus for performing radio resource management measurements according to the present disclosure includes: means for receiving positioning assistance data including station location information; means for determining current location and future trajectory; and means for performing radio resource management measurements using one or more stations, at least in part based on the positioning assistance data and future trajectory.

[0014] An example apparatus for obtaining radio resource management measurements in a search window according to the present disclosure includes: means for determining real-time difference information of a plurality of network stations; means for determining a search window for radio resource management signals based at least in part on the real-time difference information; means for receiving one or more radio resource management signals during the search window; and means for providing measurement information to the network based on the radio resource management signals.

[0015] According to an example non-transitory processor-readable storage medium of the present disclosure, the processor-readable instructions are configured to cause one or more processors to perform radio resource management measurements, including: code for receiving positioning assistance data including station location information; code for determining the current location and future trajectory; and code for performing radio resource management measurements using one or more stations, at least in part based on the positioning assistance data and the future trajectory.

[0016] According to the present disclosure, a non-transitory processor-readable storage medium including processor-readable instructions configured to cause one or more processors to obtain radio resource management measurements in a search window includes: code for determining real-time difference information of a plurality of network stations; code for determining a search window of radio resource management signals based at least in part on the real-time difference information; code for receiving one or more radio resource management signals during the search window; and code for providing measurement information to the network based on the radio resource management signals.

[0017] The items and / or techniques described herein may provide one or more of the following capabilities, as well as others not mentioned. User equipment (UE) may receive location assistance information from a network. Location assistance information may include station location and real-time delay information. The UE's location and direction of movement may be determined. Radio resource management (RRM) tracking stations may be selected based on station location information and direction of movement. RRM measurements may be obtained based on signals transmitted from the tracking station. The UE may be configured to determine a search window for RRM signals based on real-time delay information. UE power savings may be achieved based on a reduction in the number of station searches and / or a reduction in search time. Network message traffic may be reduced. Other capabilities may be provided, and not every implementation according to this disclosure is required to provide any, let alone all, of the capabilities discussed. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a simplified diagram of an exemplary wireless communication system.

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the block diagram of the components of an example user device.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the components of an example send / receive point.

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the components of the example server.

[0022] Figure 5A This is an example synchronization signal in a fifth-generation new radio (5G NR) wireless network.

[0023] Figure 5B This is a periodic configuration of an example Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) in a 5G NR wireless network.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a conceptual diagram of a directional beam transmitted from a base station based on a synchronization signal (SS) burst.

[0025] Figure 7 This is an example message stream used for broadcasting auxiliary data.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a conceptual diagram of user devices moving along a trajectory from multiple stations.

[0027] Figure 9 Includes timelines with example real-time difference (RTD) values ​​for different stations.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a processing flow for an example method used to provide signal measurements to a network.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a processing flow for an example method used to perform radio resource management measurements.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a processing flow for an example method of obtaining radio resource management measurements in a search window. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This paper discusses techniques for reducing network signaling associated with Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements and mobility procedures. For example, a mobile UE may move along a trajectory through different cell and / or beam coverage areas and periodically receive location assistance data from the network. Assistance data may include location reference signal configuration, base station location information, and real-time difference (RTD) information associated with the base station. The UE can use the assistance data to determine the location of the serving cell and neighboring cells. The cell and / or beam closest to the trajectory can be tracked, and RRM measurements can be obtained. The UE can prioritize cells and / or beams in the direction of movement rather than cells in the opposite direction. Prioritization can save UE power and reduce reporting overhead. In the example, RTD information can be used to narrow the search window required for the UE to obtain RRM measurements. Narrowing the search window can also save UE power by reducing active search time. These techniques and configurations are examples, and other techniques and configurations can be used.

[0032] refer to Figure 1Examples of communication system 100 include UE 105, radio access network (RAN) 135, here a fifth-generation (5G) next-generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN), and 5G core network (5GC) 140. UE 105 can be, for example, an IoT device, a location tracker device, a cellular phone, or other device. The 5G network can also be referred to as a new radio (NR) network; NG-RAN 135 can be referred to as a 5G RAN or NR RAN; and 5GC 140 can be referred to as an NG core network (NGC). Standardization of NG-RAN and 5GC is underway within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Therefore, NG-RAN 135 and 5GC 140 can conform to current or future standards supported by 5G from 3GPP. RAN 135 can be another type of RAN, such as a 3G RAN, a 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) RAN, etc. Communication system 100 can use information from constellation 185 of satellite vehicles (SVs) 190, 191, 192, and 193 for satellite positioning systems (SPS) (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)), such as GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, or BeiDou, or some other local or regional SPS, such as the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System, the European Geostationary Navigation Coverage Service (EGNOS), or the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS). Additional components of communication system 100 are described below. Communication system 100 may include additional or alternative components.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, NG-RAN 135 includes NR Node B (gNB) 110a, 110b and next-generation eNodeB (ng-eNB) 114, and 5GC 140 includes Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 115, Session Management Function (SMF) 117, Location Management Function (LMF) 120 and Gateway Mobility Location Center (GMLC) 125. gNB 110a, 110b and ng-eNB 114 are communicatively coupled to each other, each configured to communicate bidirectionally with UE 105, and each communicatively coupled to and configured to communicate bidirectionally with AMF 115. AMF 115, SMF 117, LMF 120 and GMLC 125 are communicatively coupled to each other, and GMLC is communicatively coupled to external client 130. SMF 117 can act as the initial contact point for Service Control Function (SCF) (not shown) to create, control and delete media sessions.

[0034] Figure 1A general description of the various components is provided, wherein any or all of the components may be used appropriately, and each component may be repeated or omitted as needed. Specifically, although one UE 105 is shown, many UEs (e.g., hundreds, thousands, millions, etc.) may be used in the communication system 100. Similarly, the communication system 100 may include more (or fewer) numbers of SVs (i.e., more or fewer than the four SVs 190-193 shown), gNBs 110a and 110b, ng-eNB 114, AMF 115, external client 130, and / or other components. The connections shown connecting the various components in the communication system 100 include data and signaling connections, which may include additional (intermediate) components, direct or indirect physical and / or wireless connections, and / or additional networks. Furthermore, components may be rearranged, combined, separated, replaced, and / or omitted according to the desired functionality.

[0035] Although Figure 1 A 5G-based network is illustrated, but similar network implementations and configurations can be used for other communication technologies such as 3G, Long Term Evolution (LTE), etc. The implementations described herein (whether for 5G technology and / or for one or more other communication technologies and / or protocols) can be used to transmit (or broadcast) directional synchronization signals, receive and measure directional signals at the UE (e.g., UE105) and / or provide location assistance to the UE 105 (via GMLC 125 or other location servers) and / or calculate the location of the UE 105 at a positioning-capable device such as UE 105, gNB 110a, 110b, or LMF 120 based on measurements of such directional transmission signals received at the UE 105. Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 125, Location Management Function (LMF) 120, Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 115, SMF 117, ng-eNB (eNodeB) 114, and gNB (gNodeB) 110a, 110b are examples, and in various embodiments, various other location service functions and / or base station functions may be replaced by or included by various other location server functions and / or base station functions, respectively.

[0036] UE 105 may include and / or may be referred to as a device, mobile device, wireless device, mobile terminal, terminal, mobile station (MS), Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) Enabled Terminal (SET), or some other name. Furthermore, UE 105 may correspond to a mobile phone, smartphone, laptop, tablet, PDA, tracking device, navigation device, Internet of Things (IoT) device, asset tracker, health monitor, security system, smart city sensor, smart meter, wearable tracker, or some other portable or mobile device. Typically, although not required, UE 105 may support wireless communication using one or more Radio Access Technologies (RATs), such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), LTE, High-Speed ​​Packet Data (HRPD), IEEE 802.11 WiFi (also known as Wi-Fi). (BT), Global Microwave Access Interoperability (WiMAX), 5G New Radio (NR) (e.g., using NG-RAN 135 and 5GC 140), etc. UE 105 can support wireless communication using a wireless local area network (WLAN), for example, it can connect to other networks (e.g., the Internet) using a digital subscriber line (DSL) or packet cable. The use of one or more of these RATs can allow UE 105 to communicate with external client 130 (e.g., via...). Figure 1 The elements of 5GC 140 not shown in the diagram, or possibly via GMLC 125) and / or allow external client 130 to receive location information about UE 105 (e.g., via GMLC 125).

[0037] UE 105 may include a single entity or may include multiple entities, such as in a personal area network, where the user may use audio, video, and / or data I / O (input / output) devices and / or body sensors, as well as separate wired or wireless modems. An estimate of the location of UE 105 may be referred to as location, location estimation, location positioning, positioning, position, location estimate, or location positioning, thereby providing the location coordinates of UE 105 (e.g., latitude and longitude), which may or may not include a height component (e.g., height above sea level, height above ground level, or depth below ground level, floor level, or basement level). Optionally, the location of UE 105 may be represented as a city location (e.g., as a postal address or designation of a point or small area within a building, such as a specific room or floor). The location of UE 105 may be represented as an area or volume (geographically or in the form of a city) in which UE 105 is expected to be located with a certain probability or confidence level (e.g., 67%, 95%, etc.). The location of UE 105 may be represented as a relative location, including, for example, distance from a known location and direction. A relative position can be expressed as relative coordinates (e.g., X, Y (and Z) coordinates) defined relative to an origin at a known location, which may be defined, for example, geographically, in urban terms, or by reference to a point, area, or volume indicated, for example, on a map, floor plan, or architectural drawing. In the description contained herein, unless otherwise indicated, the use of the term "position" can include any of these variations. When calculating the position of a UE, local x, y, and possibly z coordinates are typically solved, and then, if necessary, the local coordinates are converted to absolute coordinates (e.g., latitude, longitude, and altitude above or below mean sea level).

[0038] UE 105 can be configured to communicate with other entities using one or more of a variety of technologies. UE 105 can be configured to indirectly connect to one or more communication networks via one or more device-to-device (D2D) peer-to-peer (P2P) links. D2D P2P links can be supported by any suitable D2D radio access technology (RAT), such as LTE Direct (LTE-D), WiFi Direct (WiFi-D), etc. One or more UEs in a group utilizing D2D communication may be located within the geographic coverage area of ​​a Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), such as one or more of gNB 110a, 110b and / or ng-eNB 114. Other UEs in such a group may be outside such geographic coverage areas or may not be able to receive transmissions from the base station. A group of UEs communicating via D2D communication can utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each UE can transmit to other UEs in the group. The TRP can facilitate resource scheduling for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication can be performed between UEs without the involvement of a TRP.

[0039] Figure 1 The base stations (BS) in the NG-RAN 135 shown include NR Node Bs, referred to as gNBs 110a and 110b. The gNBs 110a and 110b pair in the NG-RAN 135 can be interconnected via one or more other gNBs. Providing UE 105 with access to the 5G network through wireless communication between UE 105 and one or more of gNBs 110a and 110b allows 5G to provide wireless communication access to the 5GC 140 on behalf of UE 105. Figure 1 In this context, it is assumed that the serving gNB of UE 105 is gNB 110a. However, if UE 105 moves to another location, another gNB (e.g., gNB 110b) can act as the serving gNB or as an auxiliary gNB to provide additional throughput and bandwidth to UE 105.

[0040] Figure 1 The base station (BS) in NG-RAN 135 shown may include ng-eNB 114, also known as a next-generation evolved Node B. ng-eNB 114 may connect to one or more gNBs 110a, 110b in NG-RAN 135, possibly via one or more other gNBs and / or one or more other ng-eNBs. ng-eNB 114 may provide LTE radio access and / or evolved LTE (eLTE) radio access to UE 105. One or more of gNBs 110a, 110b and / or ng-eNB 114 may be configured to act as location-only beacons, which may transmit signals to help determine the location of UE 105, but may not receive signals from UE 105 or other UEs.

[0041] BS110a, 110b, and 114 may each include one or more TRPs. For example, each sector within a cell of the BS may include a TRP, although multiple TRPs may share one or more components (e.g., a shared processor but with separate antennas). System 100 may include macro TRPs, or system 100 may have different types of TRPs, such as macro TRPs, pico TRPs, and / or femto TRPs. Macro TRPs may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access for terminals with service subscriptions. Pico TRPs may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a pico cell) and may allow unrestricted access for terminals with service subscriptions. Femto or home TRPs may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a femto cell) and may allow restricted access for terminals associated with a femto cell (e.g., a user's terminal in a home).

[0042] As mentioned above, although Figure 1 The diagram depicts nodes configured to communicate according to 5G communication protocols, but network nodes configured to communicate according to other communication protocols (such as LTE or IEEE 802.11x) can be used. For example, in an evolved packet system (EPS) providing LTE radio access to UE 105, the RAN may include an evolved universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), which may include base stations, including evolved Node Bs (eNBs). The core network of the EPS may include an evolved packet core (EPC). The EPS may include E-UTRAN plus EPC, where E-UTRAN corresponds to NG-RAN 135, and EPC corresponds to... Figure 1 5GC 140 in the middle.

[0043] gNB 110a, 110b, and ng-eNB 114 can communicate with AMF 115, which in turn communicates with LMF 120 for positioning functions. AMF 115 can support UE 105 mobility, including cell changes and handovers, and can participate in supporting signaling connections to UE 105, as well as possible data and voice bearers for UE 105. LMF 120 can communicate directly with UE 105, for example, wirelessly. LMF 120 can support UE 105 positioning when UE 105 accesses NG-RAN 135, and can support positioning procedures / methods such as Auxiliary GNSS (A-GNSS), Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA), Real-Time Kinematics (RTK), Precise Point Positioning (PPP), Differential GNS (DGNSS), Enhanced Cell ID (E-CID), Angle of Arrival (AOA), Angle of Departure (AOD), and / or other positioning methods. LMF 120 can process location service requests to UE 105, for example, received from AMF 115 or GMLC 125. LMF 120 can connect to AMF 115 and / or GMLC 120. LMF 120 may be referred to by other names, such as Location Manager (LM), Location Function (LF), Commercial LMF (CLMF), or Value-Added LMF (VLMF). Nodes / systems implementing LMF 120 may additionally or optionally implement other types of location support modules, such as Enhanced Serving Mobility Location Center (E-SMLC) or Secure User Plane Positioning (SUPL) Positioning Platform (SLP). At least a portion of the positioning functionality (including the derivation of UE 105's location) can be performed at UE 105 (e.g., using signal measurements obtained by UE 105 from signals transmitted by radio nodes such as gNB 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114, and / or auxiliary data provided to UE 105, for example, by LMF 120).

[0044] GMLC 125 can support location requests for UE 105 received from external client 130 and can forward such location requests to AMF 115 for forwarding to LMF 120, or it can forward the location request directly to LMF 120. A location response from LMF 120 (e.g., containing a location estimate for UE 105) can be returned directly to GMLC 125 or via AMF 115, and then GMLC 125 can return a location response (e.g., containing a location estimate) to external client 130. GMLC 125 is shown connected to AMF 115 and LMF 120, although in some implementations, one of these connections may be supported by 5GC 140.

[0045] like Figure 1 As further shown, the LMF 120 can communicate with gNB 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114 using a new radio positioning protocol A (which may be referred to as NPPa or NRPPa), defined in 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 38.455. NRPPa can be the same as, similar to, or extended from the LTE Positioning Protocol A (LPPa) defined in 3GPP TS 36.455, where NRPPa messages are transmitted via AMF 115 between gNB 110a (or gNB 110b) and the LMF 120, and / or between ng-eNB 114 and the LMF 110. Figure 1 As further illustrated, LMF 120 and UE 105 can communicate using the LTE Location Protocol (LPP), which is defined in 3GPP TS 36.355. LMF 120 and UE 105 can also, or alternatively, communicate using a new radio location protocol (which may be referred to as NPP or NRPP), which can be the same as, similar to, or extended from LPP. Here, LPP and / or NPP messages can be transmitted between UE 105 and LMF 120 via the serving gNB 110a, 110b, or serving ng-eNB 114 of AMF 115 and UE 105. For example, LPP and / or NPP messages can be transmitted between LMF 120 and AMF 115 using the 5G Location Services Application Protocol (LCS AP), and can be transmitted between AMF 115 and UE 105 using the 5G Non-Access Stratum (NAS) protocol. The LPP and / or NPP protocols can be used to support the positioning of UE 105 using UE-assisted and / or UE-based positioning methods (such as A-GNSS, RTK, OTDOA, and / or E-CID). The NRPPa protocol can be used to support the positioning of UE 105 using network-based positioning methods (such as E-CID) (e.g., in conjunction with measurements obtained from gNB 110a, 110b, or ng-eNB 114), and / or the NRPPa protocol can be used by LMF 120 to obtain location-related information from gNB 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114, such as defining parameters for directional SS transmissions of gNB 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114.

[0046] Using a UE-assisted positioning method, UE 105 can obtain location measurements and send them to a location server (e.g., LMF 120) to calculate a location estimate for UE 105. For example, location measurements may include one or more of the following: Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), Round-Trip Time (RTT), Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD), Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), and / or Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) for gNB 110a, 110b, ng-eNB114, and / or WLAN AP. Location measurements may also, or alternatively, include measurements of GNSS pseudorange, code phase, and / or carrier phase for SV190-193.

[0047] Using a UE-based positioning method, UE 105 can obtain a location measurement (e.g., which may be the same as or similar to the location measurement of a UE-assisted positioning method) and can calculate the location of UE 105 (e.g., by means of auxiliary data received from a location server such as LMF 120 or broadcast by gNB 110a, 110b, ng-eNB 114 or other base stations or APs).

[0048] Using a network-based positioning method, one or more base stations (e.g., gNB 110a, 110b and / or ng-eNB 114) or APs can obtain location measurements (e.g., measurements of RSSI, RTT, RSRP, RSRQ, or Time of Arrival (TOA) of signals transmitted by UE 105) and / or can receive measurements obtained by UE 105. One or more base stations or APs can send the measurements to a location server (e.g., LMF 120) for calculating a location estimate for UE 105.

[0049] The information provided by gNB 110a, 110b and / or ng-eNB 114 to LMF 120 using NRPPa may include timing and configuration information for directed PRS or SS transmissions, as well as location coordinates. LMF 120 may provide some or all of this information to UE 105 as supplementary data via NG-RAN 135 and 5GC 140 in LPP and / or NPP messages.

[0050] The LPP or NPP message sent from LMF 120 to UE 105 can instruct UE 105 to do anything among a variety of things according to the desired functionality. For example, the LPP or NPP message can contain instructions for UE 105 to obtain measurements of GNSS (or A-GNSS), WLAN, E-CID, and / or OTDOA (or some other positioning method). In the case of E-CID, the LPP or NPP message can instruct UE 105 to obtain one or more measurements of directional signals transmitted in a specific cell supported by one or more of gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114 (or supported by some other type of base station such as eNB or WiFi AP) (e.g., beam ID, beamwidth, average angle, RSRP, RSRQ measurements). UE 105 can send measurements back to LMF 120 via service gNB110a (or service ng-eNB 114) and AMF 115 in LPP or NPP messages (e.g., within 5G NAS messages).

[0051] As described above, although the communication system 100 is described in relation to 5G technology, the communication system 100 can be implemented to support other communication technologies, such as GSM, WCDMA, LTE, etc., which are used to support and interact with mobile devices such as UE 105 (e.g., to implement voice, data, location, and other functions). In some such embodiments, 5GC 140 can be configured to control different air interfaces. For example, 5GC 140 can use the non-3GPP interoperability function (N3IWF) in 5GC 150. Figure 1(Not shown) Connected to a WLAN. For example, the WLAN may support IEEE 802.11 WiFi access for UE 105 and may include one or more WiFi APs. Here, the N3IWF may connect to the WLAN and other components in 5GC 140, such as AMF 115. In some embodiments, both NG-RAN 135 and 5GC 140 may be replaced by one or more other RANs and one or more other core networks. For example, in EPS, NG-RAN 135 may be replaced by E-UTRAN containing eNBs, and 5GC 140 may be replaced by EPC containing a Mobility Management Entity (MME) replacing AMF 115, E-SMLC replacing LMF 120, and GMLC similar to GMLC 125. In such EPS, E-SMLC may use LPPa instead of NRPPa to send location information to and receive location information from eNBs in E-UTRAN, and LPP may be used to support UE 105's positioning. In these other embodiments, the positioning of UE 105 using directional PRS can be supported in a manner similar to that described herein for 5G networks, except that the functions and procedures described herein for gNB 110a, 110b, ng-eNB 114, AMF 115, and LMF 120 can, in some cases, be alternatively applied to other network elements such as eNB, WiFi AP, MME, and E-SMLC.

[0052] As noted, in some embodiments, the location of the UE to be determined (e.g., Figure 1 The UE can perform location functions using directional SS beams transmitted from base stations (e.g., gNB 110a, 110b and / or ng-eNB 114) within its range. In some cases, the UE can use directional SS beams from multiple base stations (such as gNB 110a, 110b, ng-eNB 114, etc.) to calculate the UE's location.

[0053] refer to Figure 2UE 200 is an example of UE 105 and includes a computing platform comprising a processor 210, a memory 211 including software (SW) 212, one or more sensors 213, a transceiver interface 214 for a transceiver 215 (which includes a wireless transceiver 240 and / or a wired transceiver 250), a user interface 216, a satellite positioning system (SPS) receiver 217, a camera 218, and a position (motion) device 219. The processor 210, memory 211, sensors 213, transceiver interface 214, user interface 216, SPS receiver 217, camera 218, and position (motion) device 219 can be communicatively coupled to each other via a bus 220 (which can be configured, for example, for optical and / or electrical communications). One or more of the illustrated devices (e.g., camera 218, position (motion) device 219, and / or one or more sensors 213, etc.) can be omitted from UE 200. Processor 210 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices, such as a central processing unit (CPU), microcontroller, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. Processor 210 may include multiple processors, including a general-purpose / application processor 230, a digital signal processor (DSP) 231, a modem processor 232, a video processor 233, and / or a sensor processor 234. One or more of processors 230-234 may include multiple devices (e.g., multiple processors). For example, sensor processor 234 may include processors for, for example, radio frequency (RF) sensing (having one or more transmitted wireless signals and reflections for identifying, mapping, and / or tracking objects) and / or ultrasound. Modem processor 232 may support dual SIM / dual connectivity (or even more SIMs). For example, an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) may use a SIM (subscriber identity module or subscriber identification module), and an end user of UE 200 may use another SIM for connectivity. Memory 211 is a non-transitory storage medium that may include random access memory (RAM), flash memory, disk storage, and / or read-only memory (ROM), etc. Memory 211 stores software 212, which may be processor-readable, processor-executable software code containing instructions configured to cause processor 210 to perform the various functions described herein when executed. Optionally, software 212 may not be executed directly by processor 210, but may be configured to cause processor 210 to perform functions, for example, during compilation and execution. This description may refer to processor 210 performing functions, but this includes other implementations such as processor 210 performing software and / or firmware. This description may refer to processor 210 performing functions as an abbreviation for one or more of processors 230-234 performing functions. This description may refer to UE 200 performing functions as an abbreviation for one or more appropriate components of UE 200 performing functions.In addition to and / or in place of memory 211, processor 210 may include memory containing stored instructions. The functionality of processor 210 will be discussed in more detail below.

[0054] Figure 2 The configuration of UE 200 shown is an example of the disclosure, including the claims, and not a limitation, and other configurations may be used. For example, an example configuration of the UE includes one or more of processors 230-234 of processor 210, memory 211, and wireless transceiver 240. Other example configurations include one or more of processors 230-234 of processor 210, memory 211, wireless transceiver 240, and one or more of sensors 213, user interface 216, SPS receiver 217, camera 218, PMD 219, and / or wired transceiver 250.

[0055] UE 200 may include a modem processor 232 capable of performing baseband processing on signals received and down-converted by transceiver 215 and / or SPS receiver 217. Modem processor 232 may perform baseband processing on signals to be up-converted for transmission by transceiver 215. Alternatively or additionally, baseband processing may be performed by processor 230 and / or DSP 231. However, other configurations may be used to perform baseband processing.

[0056] UE 200 may include sensor 213, which may include, for example, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) 270, one or more magnetometers 271, and / or one or more environmental sensors 272. IMU 270 may include one or more inertial sensors, such as one or more accelerometers 273 (e.g., collectively responding to acceleration of UE 200 in three dimensions) and / or one or more gyroscopes 274. The magnetometers can provide measurements to determine orientation (e.g., relative to magnetic north and / or true north), which can be used for any of a variety of purposes, such as supporting one or more compass applications. Environmental sensors 272 may include, for example, one or more temperature sensors, one or more barometric pressure sensors, one or more ambient light sensors, one or more camera imagers, and / or one or more microphones, etc. Sensor 213 may generate analog and / or digital signal indications, which may be stored in memory 211 and processed by DSP 231 and / or processor 230 to support one or more applications, such as applications for positioning and / or navigation operations.

[0057] Sensor 213 can be used for relative position measurement, relative position determination, motion determination, etc. Information detected by sensor 213 can be used for motion detection, relative displacement, dead reckoning, sensor-based position determination, and / or sensor-assisted position determination. Sensor 213 can be used to determine whether UE 200 is stationary or moving and / or whether to report certain useful information about the mobility of UE 200 to LMF 120. For example, based on information obtained / measured by sensor 213, UE 200 can notify / report to LMF 120 that UE 200 has detected movement or that UE 200 has moved, and report relative displacement / distance (e.g., via dead reckoning, sensor-based position determination, or sensor-assisted position determination enabled by sensor 213). In another example, for relative positioning information, the sensor / IMU can be used to determine the angle and / or azimuth of other devices relative to UE 200, etc.

[0058] IMU 270 can be configured to provide measurements of the direction and / or velocity of motion of UE 200, which can be used for relative position determination. For example, one or more accelerometers 273 and / or one or more gyroscopes 274 of IMU 270 can detect the linear acceleration and rotational velocity of UE 200, respectively. The linear acceleration and rotational velocity measurements of UE 200 can be integrated over time to determine the instantaneous direction and displacement of UE 200. The instantaneous direction and displacement can be integrated to track the position of UE 200. For example, a reference position of UE 200 can be determined, for instance, using SPS receiver 217 (and / or some other means) for a period of time, and measurements acquired after that period from accelerometer 273 and gyroscope 274 can be used for dead reckoning to determine the current position of UE 200 based on the movement (direction and distance) of UE 200 relative to the reference position.

[0059] Magnetometer 271 can determine the magnetic field strength in different directions, which can be used to determine the orientation of UE 200. For example, the orientation can be used to provide a digital compass for UE 200. Magnetometer 271 may include a two-dimensional magnetometer configured to detect and provide indications of magnetic field strength in two orthogonal dimensions. Similarly or alternatively, magnetometer 271 may include a three-dimensional magnetometer configured to detect and provide indications of magnetic field strength in three orthogonal dimensions. Magnetometer 271 can provide means for sensing magnetic fields and, for example, providing magnetic field indications to processor 210.

[0060] Transceiver 215 may include a wireless transceiver 240 and a wired transceiver 250, configured to communicate with other devices via wireless and wired connections, respectively. For example, wireless transceiver 240 may include a transmitter 242 and a receiver 244 coupled to one or more antennas 246 for transmitting (e.g., on one or more uplink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) and / or receiving (e.g., on one or more downlink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) wireless signals 248, and converting signals from wireless signals 248 to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to wireless signals 248. Therefore, transmitter 242 may include multiple transmitters that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or receiver 244 may include multiple receivers that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components. The wireless transceiver 240 can be configured to communicate with signals according to various radio access technologies (RATs) (e.g., with TRPs and / or one or more other devices), such as 5G New Radio (NR), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Telephone System), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), WCDMA (Wideband CDMA), LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE Direct (LTE-D), 3GPP LTE Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) (PC5), Vehicle-to-Cell (V2C) (Uu), IEEE 802.11 (including IEEE 802.11p), WiFi, and WiFi Direct (WiFi-D). Zigbee, etc. New radios may use millimeter-wave frequencies and / or frequencies below 6 GHz. Wired transceiver 250 may include a transmitter 252 and a receiver 254 configured for wired communication, for example, a network interface that can be used to communicate with network 135 to send communications to gNB 110a and receive communications from gNB 110b. Transmitter 252 may include multiple transmitters that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or receiver 254 may include multiple receivers that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components. Wired transceiver 250 may be configured, for example, for optical and / or electrical communication. Transceiver 215 may be communicatively coupled to transceiver interface 214, for example, via optical and / or electrical connections. Transceiver interface 214 may be at least partially integrated with transceiver 215.

[0061] User interface 216 may include one or more of a plurality of devices, such as speakers, microphones, display devices, vibration devices, keyboards, touch screens, etc. User interface 216 may include more than one of these devices. User interface 216 may be configured to enable a user to interact with one or more applications hosted by UE 200. For example, user interface 216 may store indications of analog and / or digital signals in memory 211 for processing by DSP 231 and / or general-purpose processor 230 in response to actions from the user. Similarly, applications hosted on UE 200 may store indications of analog and / or digital signals in memory 211 to present output signals to the user. User interface 216 may include audio input / output (I / O) devices, including, for example, speakers, microphones, digital-to-analog circuitry, analog-to-digital circuitry, amplifiers, and / or gain control circuitry (including more than one of these devices). Other configurations of audio I / O devices may be used. Also or alternatively, user interface 216 may include one or more touch sensors responsive to touch and / or pressure, for example, on the keyboard and / or touch screen of user interface 216.

[0062] SPS receiver 217 (e.g., a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver) can receive and acquire SPS signal 260 via SPS antenna 262. Antenna 262 is configured to convert the wireless SPS signal 260 into a wired signal, such as an electrical or optical signal, and can be integrated with antenna 246. SPS receiver 217 can be configured to process the acquired SPS signal 260, in whole or in part, to estimate the location of UE 200. For example, SPS receiver 217 can be configured to determine the location of UE 200 by using trilateration of SPS signal 260. General-purpose processor 230, memory 211, DSP 231, and / or one or more dedicated processors (not shown) can be used in conjunction with SPS receiver 217 to process the acquired SPS signal, in whole or in part, and / or calculate the estimated location of UE 200. Memory 211 can store indications (e.g., measurements) of SPS signal 260 and / or other signals (e.g., signals acquired from wireless transceiver 240) for use in performing positioning operations. A general-purpose processor 230, a DSP 231, and / or one or more dedicated processors and / or a memory 211 can provide or support a location engine for processing measurements to estimate the position of the UE 200.

[0063] UE 200 may include a camera 218 for capturing still or moving images. Camera 218 may include, for example, an imaging sensor (e.g., a charge-coupled device or a CMOS imager), a lens, analog-to-digital circuitry, a frame buffer, etc. Additional processing, conditioning, encoding, and / or compression of signals representing the captured images may be performed by a general-purpose processor 230 and / or a DSP 231. Alternatively or additionally, a video processor 233 may perform conditioning, encoding, compression, and / or manipulation of the signals representing the captured images. The video processor 233 may decode / decompress stored image data for presentation on a display device (not shown), such as user interface 216.

[0064] Location (Motion) Device (PMD) 219 can be configured to determine the location and possible motion of UE 200. For example, PMD 219 can communicate with and / or include some or all of SPS receiver 217. PMD 219 can also or optionally be configured to use ground-based signals (e.g., at least some of signals 248) to determine the location of UE 200 for trilateration to aid in obtaining and using SPS signal 260, or both. PMD 219 can be configured to use one or more other techniques (e.g., relying on UE's self-reported location (e.g., part of the UE's location beacon)) to determine the location of UE 200, and can use a combination of techniques (e.g., SPS and ground positioning signals) to determine the location of UE 200. PMD 219 may include one or more of sensors 213 (e.g., gyroscope, accelerometer, magnetometer, etc.) that can sense the orientation and / or motion of UE 200 and provide indications that processor 210 (e.g., processor 230 and / or DSP 231) can be configured to determine the motion (e.g., velocity vector and / or acceleration vector) of UE 200. PMD 219 may be configured to provide indications of uncertainties and / or errors in the determined position and / or motion. The functionality of PMD 219 may be provided in various ways and / or configurations, for example, by a general-purpose / application processor 230, transceiver 215, SPS receiver 217 and / or another component of UE 200, and may be provided by hardware, software, firmware or various combinations thereof.

[0065] Also refer to Figure 3Examples of TRP 300 for BS110a, 110b, and 114 include a computing platform comprising a processor 310, a memory 311 including software (SW) 312, a transceiver 315, and (optionally) an SPS receiver 317. The processor 310, memory 311, transceiver 315, and SPS receiver 317 can be communicatively coupled to each other via a bus 320 (which can be configured, for example, for optical and / or electrical communications). One or more of the devices shown (e.g., a wireless interface and / or SPS receiver 317) may be omitted from the TRP 300. The SPS receiver 317 may be configured similarly to SPS receiver 217 to receive and acquire SPS signal 360 via SPS antenna 362. The processor 310 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices, such as a central processing unit (CPU), microcontroller, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. The processor 310 may include multiple processors (e.g., including general-purpose / application processors, DSPs, modem processors, video processors, and / or sensor processors, such as… Figure 2 (As shown). Memory 311 is a non-transitory storage medium that may include random access memory (RAM), flash memory, disk storage, and / or read-only memory (ROM), etc. Memory 311 stores software 312, which may be processor-readable, processor-executable software code containing instructions configured to cause processor 310 to perform the various functions described herein when executed. Optionally, software 312 may not be executed directly by processor 310, but may be configured to cause processor 310, for example, to perform the function at compile and execution time. This description may refer to processor 310 performing the function, but this includes other implementations such as processor 310 performing software and / or firmware. This description may refer to processor 310 performing the function as an abbreviation for one or more processors included in the processor performing the function. This description may refer to TRP 300 performing the function as an abbreviation for one or more suitable components of TRP 300 performing the function (and therefore one of BS110a, 110b, 114). In addition to and / or in place of memory 311, processor 310 may include memory with stored instructions. The features of processor 310 will be discussed in more detail below.

[0066] Transceiver 315 may include a wireless transceiver 340 and a wired transceiver 350, configured to communicate with other devices via wireless and wired connections, respectively. For example, wireless transceiver 340 may include a transmitter 342 and a receiver 344 coupled to one or more antennas 346 for transmitting (e.g., on one or more uplink channels and / or one or more downlink channels) and / or receiving (e.g., on one or more downlink channels and / or one or more uplink channels) wireless signals 348, and converting signals from wireless signals 348 to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to wireless signals 348. Therefore, transmitter 342 may include multiple transmitters that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or receiver 344 may include multiple receivers that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components. The wireless transceiver 340 can be configured to communicate with signals according to various radio access technologies (RATs) (e.g., with UE 200, one or more other UEs, and / or one or more other devices), such as 5G New Radio (NR), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Telephone System), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), WCDMA (Wideband CDMA), LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE Direct (LTE-D), 3GPP LTE Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) (PC5), Vehicle-to-Cell (V2C) (Uu), IEEE 802.11 (including IEEE 802.11p), WiFi, and WiFi Direct (WiFi-D). Zigbee, etc. Wired transceiver 350 may include a wired transmitter 352 and a wired receiver 354, configured for, for example, wired communication with network 140 to, for example, send and receive communication to and from LMF 120. Transmitter 352 may include multiple transmitters, which may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or receiver 354 may include multiple receivers, which may be discrete components or combined / integrated components. Wired transceiver 350 may be configured for, for example, optical communication and / or electrical communication.

[0067] Figure 3 The configuration of TRP 300 shown is an example of the disclosure, including the claims, and not a limitation, and other configurations may be used. For example, the description herein discusses TRP 300 being configured to perform several functions, but one or more of these functions may be performed by LMF 120 and / or UE 200 (i.e., LMF 120 or UE 200 may be configured to perform one or more of these functions).

[0068] Also refer to Figure 4 An example of LMF 120 includes a computing platform comprising a processor 410, a memory 411 including software (SW) 412, and a transceiver 415. The processor 410, memory 411, and transceiver 415 can be communicatively coupled to each other via a bus 420 (which can be configured, for example, for optical and / or electrical communication). One or more of the devices shown (e.g., wireless interfaces) may be omitted from server 400. The processor 410 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. The processor 410 may include multiple processors (e.g., including general-purpose / application processors, DSPs, modem processors, video processors, and / or sensor processors, such as… Figure 2 (As shown in the diagram). Memory 411 is a non-transitory storage medium that may include random access memory (RAM), flash memory, disk storage, and / or read-only memory (ROM), etc. Memory 411 stores software 412, which may be processor-readable, processor-executable software code containing instructions configured to cause processor 410 to perform the various functions described herein when executed. Optionally, software 412 may not be executed directly by processor 410, but may be configured to cause processor 410 to perform functions, for example, during compilation and execution. This description may refer to processor 410 performing functions, but this includes other implementations such as processor 410 performing software and / or firmware. This description may refer to processor 410 performing functions as an abbreviation for one or more processors included in a processor performing functions. The description may refer to server 400 (or LMF 120) performing functions as an abbreviation for a suitable component of one or more servers 400 (e.g., LMF 120) performing functions. In addition to and / or in place of memory 411, processor 410 may include memory with stored instructions. The functions of processor 410 will be discussed in more detail below.

[0069] Transceiver 415 may include a wireless transceiver 440 and a wired transceiver 450, configured to communicate with other devices via wireless and wired connections, respectively. For example, wireless transceiver 440 may include a transmitter 442 and a receiver 444 coupled to one or more antennas 446 for transmitting (e.g., on one or more downlink channels) and / or receiving (e.g., on one or more uplink channels) wireless signals 448, and converting signals from wireless signals 448 to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to wireless signals 448. Therefore, transmitter 442 may include multiple transmitters that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or receiver 444 may include multiple receivers that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components. The wireless transceiver 440 can be configured to communicate with signals according to various radio access technologies (RATs) (e.g., with UE 200, one or more other UEs, and / or one or more other devices), such as 5G New Radio (NR), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Telephone System), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), WCDMA (Wideband CDMA), LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE Direct (LTE-D), 3GPP LTE Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) (PC5), Vehicle-to-Cell (V2C) (Uu), IEEE 802.11 (including IEEE 802.11p), WiFi, and WiFi Direct (WiFi-D). Zigbee, etc. Wired transceiver 450 may include a wired transmitter 452 and a wired receiver 454, configured for, for example, wired communication with network 135 to, for example, send and receive communication to and from TRP 300. Transmitter 452 may include multiple transmitters, which may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or receiver 454 may include multiple receivers, which may be discrete components or combined / integrated components. Wired transceiver 450 may be configured for, for example, optical communication and / or electrical communication.

[0070] Figure 4 The configuration of server 400 shown is an example of the disclosure, including the claims, and not a limitation, and other configurations may be used. For example, wireless transceiver 440 may be omitted. Alternatively or optionally, the description herein discusses server 400 being configured to perform several functions, but one or more of these functions may be performed by TRP 300 and / or UE 200 (i.e., TRP 300 or UE 200 may be configured to perform one or more of these functions).

[0071] refer to Figure 5AThis diagram illustrates an example synchronization signal in a 5G NR wireless network. The synchronization signal and Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) block (SSB / SS block) can include a primary synchronization signal and secondary synchronization signals (PSS, SSS). Each synchronization signal occupies one symbol and 127 subcarriers. The PBCH spans three OFDM symbols and 240 subcarriers. The periodicity of the SSB can be configured by the network, and the timing of SSB transmission can be determined by the subcarrier spacing. Multiple SSBs can be transmitted within the frequency span of the carriers. The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) of an SSB does not need to be unique; that is, different SSBs can have different PCIs.

[0072] In some versions of the 3GPP specification (e.g., 3GPP "General Description of NR and NG-RAN – Version 15," TS38.300 2018), the concepts of SSB and bursts appeared for periodic synchronization signal transmission in TRP 300. An SS block can be a group of 4 OFDM symbols in time and 240 subcarriers in frequency (i.e., 20 resource blocks), such as... Figure 2 As shown. SS blocks can carry PSS, SSS, and PBCH. The demodulation reference signal (DMRS) associated with the PBCH can be used to estimate the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the SS block. In a 14-symbol time slot, the SS block has two possible locations: symbols 2-5 and symbols 8-11. SS blocks can be grouped into the first 5 milliseconds of an SS burst, and can have different periodic TSS values. For example, the TSS value can be on the order of 5 milliseconds, 10 milliseconds, 20 milliseconds, 40 milliseconds, 80 milliseconds, or 160 milliseconds. When first accessing the network, UE 200 can assume a periodic TSS of 20 milliseconds. When considering frequencies requiring beamforming, each SS block can be mapped to a certain angular direction. To reduce the impact of SS transmission, SS can be transmitted through a wide beam, while data transmission by active UEs can typically be performed through a narrow beam to increase the gain generated by beamforming.

[0073] In embodiments, CSI-RS can be used for Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements for mobility management purposes in connected mode. For example, multiple CSI-RS can be configured into the same SS burst, allowing the UE 200 to first use the SS burst to obtain synchronization with a given cell and then use it as a reference for searching CSI-RS resources. The CSI-RS measurement window configuration can at least include periodicity and time / frequency offset relative to the associated SS burst. (Reference) Figure 5BThis illustrates an example periodic CSI-RS configuration in a 5G NR wireless network. SS blocks can be transmitted every TSS milliseconds, and they embed time and frequency offsets, indicating the time and frequency allocation of the CSI-RS signal within the frame structure. As shown, the CSI-RS signal can be transmitted in TCSI milliseconds after the end of the SS burst. Typically, in 5G NR networks, it is necessary to periodically identify the optimal beam orientation of the transceiver (e.g., through beam search operations) to maintain alignment between communicating nodes. In this example, SS-based and CSI-based measurements can be used together to reflect the different coverage achievable through different beamforming architectures.

[0074] refer to Figure 6This diagram illustrates a conceptual representation of a directional beam transmitted from a base station based on a synchronization signal (SS) burst. The SS burst comprises multiple SS blocks, such as a first SS block 602, a second SS block 604, a third SS block 606, a fourth SS block 608, and a fifth SS block 610. An SS burst may include additional SS blocks. As described above, each SS block 602, 604, 606, 608, and 610 can be mapped to an angular direction and a specific beam ID. For example, the first SS block 602 is mapped to a first beam 602a with a beam identification value (e.g., index) of 1, the second SS block 604 is mapped to a second beam 604a with a beam identification value of 2, the third SS block 606 is mapped to a third beam 606a with a beam identification value of 3, the fourth SS block 608 is mapped to a fourth beam 608a with a beam identification value of 4, and the fifth SS block 610 is mapped to a fifth beam 610a with a beam identification value of 5. During the initial signal acquisition procedure, UE 105 may receive one or more beam identification values ​​from a base station (e.g., TRP 300) in the wireless network. Once UE 105 receives a beam from a specific base station, the UE can be configured to receive the beam identification value and cell identifier based on a codebook mapping. For example, when UE 105 receives a second beam 604a with a beam identification value of 2 (i.e., associated with SS block 2), the UE can be configured to refer to a codebook (e.g., a data structure) containing the beam identification value to determine the angle information associated with the second beam 604. In this example, UE 105 may report the beam identification back to a network node configured to determine the angle information based on a codebook (i.e., stored away from the UE). Typically, a one-to-one mapping may exist between beam identification values ​​(e.g., SSB ID) and the spatial angle of the transmitted beam. One or more data structures (such as codebooks (e.g., data tables)) located on the network node and / or UE can be used to determine the angular direction of the transmitted beam based on the beam identification value. In the example, UE 105 can receive auxiliary data from the network, which includes timing and SSB ID information associated with the directional beam transmitted from TRP 300.

[0075] SS and CSI signals can be used as part of mobility functions to ensure that network 100 can maintain service continuity with UE 105. In RRC connection mode, UE 105 can be configured with measurements based on RRM resources (such as SS, CRS, and TRS) to provide network input regarding the signal strength or interference level experienced by UE 105. Subsequent procedures such as cell handover and RRC connection changes can be based on these RRM measurements. Typically, RRM measurements can be RSRQ, RSRP, and / or SINR (Signal to Interference with Noise) values ​​measured from serving and neighboring cell reference signals (e.g., SS / PBCH blocks or CSI-RS). In existing systems, the network configures RRM measurements via RRC, and the UE is configured to measure reference signals based on time-frequency location received from the network. However, in the techniques described herein, the UE is configured to constrain the station list using location-aided data based on the UE's location and direction of movement.

[0076] refer to Figure 7Example message flow 700 for broadcasting location assistance data is shown. Message flow 700 can be implemented by communication system 100. In the example, LMF 120, AMF 115, and NG-RAN 135 can be configured to provide location assistance data to UE 105. UE 105 may include some or all components of UE 200, and UE 200 is an example of UE 105. NG-RAN 135 may include one or more TRP 300s, such as gNB 110a-b and ng-eNB 114. Typically, LMF 120 can be configured to provide location assistance data to the UE in communication system 100 using existing network interfaces and protocols. For example, location assistance data may be included in a Location System Information Block (posSIB), which can be periodically broadcast from one or more stations in NG-RAN 135. In the example, posSIB may be broadcast on demand (e.g., based on a request from the UE) or sent to the UE in a dedicated manner in RRC_CONNECTED mode (e.g., according to a request from the UE). The posSIB can include the Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) configuration information for the TRP. For example, the PRS resource set can include PRS information elements such as the PRS resource identifier (ID), sequence ID, comb size -N, resource element offset in the frequency domain, start time slot and start symbol, number of symbols per PRS resource (i.e., duration of the PRS resource), beam azimuth and elevation angles, QCL information (e.g., QCL with DL reference signal), and other parameters defined by network standards. Positioning assistance data can include the TRP's location information and the RTD information associated with the TRP. Different posSIBs can be defined for each positioning assistance data element. Encryption information can also be provided to the UE to enable encrypted positioning assistance data (e.g., subscriber-based) to be broadcast within the coverage area.

[0077] In operation, LMF 120 can be configured to prepare one or more posSIBs and scheduling information in the first phase 702. LMF 120 can be configured to encrypt auxiliary data and segment large auxiliary data elements. LMF 120 can provide posSIBs and scheduling information to NG-RAN 135 via AMF 115 in an NRPPa Auxiliary Information Control message 704. In an example, one or more TRPs 300 in NG-RAN 135 can be configured to broadcast posSIBs via RRC System Information messages 706a. In another example, location auxiliary data can be provided on demand, and UE 105 can send a System Information Request message 708 to the service station. The service station can then send posSIBs in one or more RRC System Information messages 706b. In an embodiment, posSIBs can be encrypted, and LMF 120 can be configured to provide an encryption key in an Nlmf broadcast encryption key data notification message 710. AMF 115 can be configured to provide encryption key information to UE 105 in the registration management procedure 712, enabling UE 105 to utilize information in the posSIB. Encryption allows network operators to protect their proprietary information, such as TRP location, and to utilize user and / or user account information to implement subscription-based service approaches. Message flow 700 is an example and not a limitation, as other messaging technologies can be used to provide location assistance data to the UE. For example, communication system 100 can be configured to access the Internet, and assistance data stored on a third-party location server (e.g., a web application server) can be provided to the UE via the Internet and other data transmission protocols.

[0078] refer to Figure 8 Figure 800 illustrates a conceptual diagram 800 of a mobile user equipment 105 moving along a trajectory 802 via multiple stations. The UE 105 can be a mobile device located in a vehicle or an integrated device, such as an onboard vehicle computer in a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) environment. Stations labeled cells 1-10 in Figure 800 can be base stations, such as gNB 110a-b, ng-eNB 114, or other networked macro, pico, and / or femto TRPs. In V2X applications, a station may include one or more roadside units (RSUs) configured to communicate with the UE 105 via a device-to-device (D2D) side-link protocol such as PC5. The UE 105 is configured for RRM and can obtain RRM mobility measurements with the stations. For example, measurements can be performed on the SS / PBCH block or CSI-RS, such as... Figure 5A , Figure 5B and Figure 6As shown. RRM measurements may include RSRP, RSRQ, and SINR values ​​for neighboring cells and detectable beams. UE105 can be configured to perform physical layer filtering (e.g., L1 filtering) to obtain a sufficient number of physical samples for accurate measurements. The UE can also use further filtering (e.g., layer 3 filtering) in CONNECTED mode. UE105 is configured to track several neighboring cells and provide the network with RRM measurements for each tracked cell and / or tracked beam.

[0079] In operation, UE 105 acquires location assistance data including the location of each station. For example, UE 105 can be configured to decode one or more posSIBs via message stream 700. UE 105 is also configured to determine its direction of motion along trajectory 802. Various methods known in the art can be used to determine the direction of motion of UE 105. In the example, UE 105 may utilize terrestrial positioning technologies such as OTDOA, RTT, E-CID, AOA, AOD, etc., to determine its current location and direction of motion. Satellite navigation methods such as GNSS, GPS, Galileo, and BeiDou can also be used. In the example, IMU 270 can be used to determine the dead reckoning position estimate and the direction of trajectory 802. In the example, UE 105 may periodically update its location and trajectory 802 (e.g., 10 milliseconds, 100 milliseconds, 1 second, 10 seconds, 1 minute, 10 minutes, etc.) and determine which stations to track based on the station locations received in the assistance data. This period can be based on the speed of UE 105. UE 105 is configured to prioritize cells on the direction of movement (e.g., trajectory 802) and de-prioritize cells on the opposite direction. In an embodiment, UE 105 may determine one or more tangents based on the direction of movement and evaluate the location of stations based on the tangents. For example, a first tangent 806 may be perpendicular to trajectory 802 and extend outward from the current location of UE 105. Stations such as cells 1, 4, 5, 6, and 7 ahead of the first tangent 806 may be prioritized for RRM measurements, while stations behind the first tangent 806 may be de-prioritized, and UE 105 may stop tracking these stations. For example, UE 105 may stop tracking cells 2 and 3. In this usage, UE 105 may obtain a first RRM measurement 804a for cell 5, a second RRM measurement 804b for cell 7, a third RRM measurement 804c for cell 6, and a fourth RRM measurement 804d for cell 4. As UE 105 moves along trajectory 802, it will track and prioritize additional cells, while lagging cells will be de-prioritized as tangent 806 moves forward with UE 105. In the example, UE 105 can be configured to de-prioritize stations behind the first tangent 806 after RRM measurements decrease. That is, UE 105 can continue tracking stations behind the first tangent 806 until their respective RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR values ​​begin to decrease. Specific beam angles can also be prioritized so that the detectable beam on the front side of tangent 806 and pointing towards UE 105 can be prioritized for RRM measurements.

[0080] Other tangents can also be used. For example, the second tangent 808a and the third tangent 808b can extend along the relative azimuths to the left and right of the trajectory 802. The second tangent 806a can be at a relative angle of 0.45 degrees to the direction of motion, and the third tangent 806b can be at a relative angle of 3.15 degrees to the direction of motion. Other angles can also be used. In the example, the tangent angles can be based on the speed of the UE 105, allowing narrower angles to be used for higher speeds and wider angles for lower speeds. Tangents 806, 808a-b are examples and not limitations. The relative azimuth and range between the UE 105 and the stations can be determined using other distance calculations, and the UE 105 can be configured to prioritize cells and beams based on the calculated azimuth and range values ​​relative to the trajectory 802. Prioritizing a limited number of stations allows the UE 105 to spend less time scanning the corresponding SS blocks and CSI-RS, thus saving power, as scanning and decoding can be processor-intensive. In addition, the reduced scanning also reduces reporting overhead, because UE 105 will not provide RRM measurements for stations that go out of range as UE 105 moves along trajectory 802.

[0081] refer to Figure 9 The diagram illustrates timelines with example real-time difference (RTD) values ​​for different stations. Typically, the UE is configured to scan RRM resources (e.g., SS bursts, CSI-RS, TRS) on neighboring cells. The UE can utilize correlation-based processing to search for neighboring cell timings. Assuming the symbols in the RRM resources are approximately synchronized, correlation can be implemented in the frequency domain. RRM resources can have a fixed schedule with respect to the system frame number (SNF). The fixed schedule can be based on the TSS. For example, stations 902, 904, and 906 are configured to transmit RRM resources at a fixed time T1 908 measured from SFN0, as... Figure 9 As shown. The fixed time T1908 can be a network configuration parameter known to both the network station and the UE. However, the relative timing of RRM transmissions can vary between stations based on the RTD value associated with each station. For example, Figure 9The reference timeline origin 900 is depicted to illustrate the impact of RTD values ​​on the transmission time of RRM resources. The timeline origin 900 can be based on system time (e.g., a GNSS clock) and / or frame timing associated with one of the network stations, such as the first station 902. The first station 902 transmits the first RRM resource 910a after a time period equal to time T1 908 from the timeline origin 900. The second station 904 transmits the second RRM resource 910b after a time period including time T1 908 and the first RTD value 912a. The third station 906 transmits the third RRM resource 910c after a time period including time T1 908 and the second RTD value 912b. In this example, the RTD values ​​912a-b associated with stations 902, 904, and 906 can be included in the posSIB provided in message flow 700. In another example, the UE can utilize the location information of the UE and the stations to determine the effective RTD value observed at the UE. The observed RTD value can also interpret propagation delays.

[0082] In operation, UE 105 can be configured to utilize RTD values ​​to reduce the search time for RRM resources. For example, UE 105 can enable one or more search windows based on the timeline origin 900, such as a first search window 914, a second search window 916, and a third search window 918. The number and relative duration of search windows 914, 916, and 918 are examples, not limitations, as other search window configurations can be used. In the example, the duration of each of search windows 914, 916, and 918 can be approximately 2-4 milliseconds, and UE 105 is configured to utilize the search windows to measure the corresponding RRM resources. That is, UE 105 can utilize the first search window 914 to measure the first RRM resource 910a, or the second search window 916 to measure the third RRM resource 910c, or the third search window 918 to measure the second RRM resource 914b. Search windows 914, 916, and 918 reduce the amount of time UE 105 would otherwise have to spend searching for and decoding the corresponding RRM resources. For example, without RTD information and a corresponding search window division, the UE would need to search for the second RRM resource 910b for approximately the entire duration of the TSS. The search and decoding processes utilize processing cycles, and the reduced search time of the search window saves power. These benefits are particularly advantageous when RRM-RS signals (e.g., CSI-RS) are multiplexed with other data channels and each hypothesis needs to be processed in the frequency domain.

[0083] refer to Figure 10The method 1000 for providing signal measurements to a network includes the phases shown. However, method 1000 is exemplary and not limiting. Method 1000 can be modified, for example, by adding, removing, rearranging, combining, performing simultaneously, and / or dividing a single phase into multiple phases.

[0084] In phase 1002, the method includes receiving location assistance information from the network. UE 200, such as UE 105, including processor 230 and transceiver 215, is an apparatus for receiving location assistance information. In the example, LMF 120 can generate location assistance information and scheduling information for UE 105. UE 105 can receive the location assistance information via message flow 700. For example, TRP 300 can broadcast posSIB in an RRC System Information (SI) message, which can be broadcast periodically or on demand based on a request from UE 105. Other dedicated messages available in the RRC_CONNECTED state can be used. Other signaling and electronic messaging techniques can also be used. For example, UE 105 can be configured to access a web server via an API to obtain assistance data. In the example, the location assistance data can be encrypted, and UE 105 can be configured to decrypt the location assistance information.

[0085] In phase 1004, the method includes determining the locations of neighboring stations based on positioning assistance information. UE 105, including processor 230, is an apparatus for determining the locations of neighboring stations. UE 105 is configured to determine its current location based on terrestrial and / or satellite positioning methods. For example, UE 105 may utilize OTDOA, RTT, E-CID, or other network technologies to determine its current location. SPS receiver 217 may also be configured to provide location information. In the example, IMU 270 may be used to determine dead reckoning location based on previous positioning or location lines. The assistance information received in phase 1002 includes the locations of neighboring cells, as well as the locations of potential cells and stations within a range extending from the current location of UE 105. UE 105 may calculate the distance to each station and select stations within a predefined radius as neighboring stations. For example, stations within a range of 2 miles, 5 miles, 10 miles, 15 miles, etc., may be classified as neighboring stations.

[0086] In phase 1006, the method includes determining the direction of motion. The UE 105, including processor 230, transceiver 215, SPS receiver 217, PMD 219, and / or IMU 270, is a means for determining the direction of motion. The UE 105 may utilize ground and / or satellite position estimation to determine the direction of motion. For example, two or more locations may be used to estimate the direction and velocity. The IMU 270 may include a gyroscope and an accelerometer, and the UE 105 may be configured to determine the direction of motion based on signals output from the IMU 270.

[0087] In phase 1008, the method includes determining one or more tracking stations based at least in part on the location and direction of movement of neighboring stations. The UE 105, including processor 230 and transceiver 215, is an apparatus for determining one or more tracking stations. Figure 8 As shown in the example, UE 105 can be configured to use one or more tangents to determine one or more tracking stations based on the tangents. For example, the first tangent 806 can be perpendicular to the trajectory 802 and can extend outward from the current position of UE 105. Stations on the front side of the first tangent 806 (such as cell 1, cell 4, cell 5, cell 6, and cell 7) can be selected as tracking stations for RRM measurements, while stations on the rear side of the first tangent 806 can be deselected as tracking stations (i.e., UE 105 can stop tracking those stations). Other distance calculations can be used to determine the relative azimuth and distance between UE 105 and the stations, and UE 105 can be configured to determine the tracking stations based on the calculated azimuth and distance values.

[0088] In phase 1010, the method includes receiving radio signals from one or more tracking stations. UE 105 is an apparatus for receiving radio signals. UE 105 can be configured to scan RRM resources, including SS bursts, CSI-RS, and TRS, at one or more tracking stations. In the example, location assistance data may include RTD values ​​of one or more tracking stations, and UE 105 can be configured to search for radio signals using an RTD-based search window.

[0089] In phase 1012, the method includes determining signal quality measurements based on the received radio signals. The UE 105, including processor 230 and transceiver 215, is an apparatus for determining the signal quality measurements. The signal quality measurements are RRM measurements from SS bursts or CSI-RS transmissions from one or more tracking stations, such as RSRQ, RSRP, and / or SINR.

[0090] In phase 1014, the method includes providing signal quality measurements to the network. UE 105, including processor 230 and transceiver 215, is an apparatus for providing signal quality measurements. In this example, UE 105 may utilize RRC or other messaging protocols to provide signal quality measurements.

[0091] refer to Figure 11 For further reference Figures 1-9 The method 1100 for performing radio resource management measurements includes the phases shown. However, method 1100 is exemplary and not limiting. Method 1100 can be modified, for example, by adding, removing, rearranging, combining, performing simultaneously, and / or dividing a single phase into multiple phases.

[0092] In phase 1102, the method includes receiving location assistance data including station location information. A UE 200 (such as UE 105), including processor 230 and transceiver 215, is an apparatus for receiving the location assistance data. In the example, UE 105 may receive the location assistance data from the network via RRC messaging or other signaling protocols. In an embodiment, the location assistance data may be stored locally on UE 105 (i.e., in memory 211), and processor 230 may be configured to access the assistance data based on application requests. The assistance data may be encrypted, and UE 105 may receive a cryptographic key to enable decryption of the assistance data. The location assistance data may also include, for example, PRS configuration information and RTD values ​​of neighboring TRPs. As described in message flow 700, the location assistance data may be included in one or more posSIBs broadcast or unicast from one or more TRPs.

[0093] In phase 1104, the method includes determining the current position and future trajectory. UE 105 (including processor 230, transceiver 215, SPS receiver 217, PMD 219, and / or IMU 270) is an apparatus for determining the current position and future trajectory. UE 105 is configured to determine the current position based on terrestrial and / or satellite positioning methods. For example, UE 105 may utilize OTDOA, RTT, E-CID, or other network technologies to determine the current position. SPS receiver 217 may also be configured to provide position information. In the example, IMU 270 may be used to determine a dead reckoning position based on a previous position or position line. UE 105 may also utilize terrestrial and / or satellite position estimation to determine the future trajectory. For example, two or more positions may be used to estimate direction and velocity, and the future trajectory may be interpolated based on the direction and velocity values. UE 105 may also be configured to utilize signals generated from IMU 270 to determine the future trajectory.

[0094] In phase 1106, the method includes performing radio resource management measurements using one or more stations, at least in part, based on positioning assistance data and future trajectories. The UE 105, including processor 230 and transceiver 215, is an apparatus for performing RRM using one or more stations. The UE 105 is configured to classify the cells and / or beams it needs to track based on the direction of the trajectory. The UE 105 can prioritize cells and / or beams in its direction of motion, rather than in the opposite direction. For example, as... Figure 8 As shown, UE 105 can be configured to determine tracking stations based on one or more tangents relative to trajectory 802. For example, the first tangent 806 can be perpendicular to trajectory 802 and can extend outward from the current position of UE 105. At the tracking station, the station preceding the first tangent 806 is selected for RRM measurement, while the station following the first tangent 804 can be deselected as the tracking station (i.e., UE 105 will not use these stations to perform RRM measurements). Other distance calculations can be used to determine the relative orientation and distance between UE 105 and the station, and UE 105 can be configured to determine the tracking station based on the calculated orientation and distance values. RRM measurements can be RSRQ, RSRP, and / or SINR values ​​measured from SS / PBCH blocks and / or CSI-RS transmitted from the tracked station. In the example, UE 105 can be configured to perform RRM measurements based on a scan window associated with the RTD information of the corresponding tracked station.

[0095] refer to Figure 12 For further reference Figures 1-9 The method 1200 for obtaining radio resource management measurements in a search window includes the phases shown. However, method 1200 is illustrative and not limiting. Method 1200 can be modified, for example, by adding, removing, rearranging, combining, performing simultaneously, and / or dividing a single phase into multiple phases.

[0096] In phase 1202, the method includes determining real-time difference information for multiple network stations. A UE 200 (such as UE 105), including processor 230 and transceiver 215, is an apparatus for determining the real-time difference information. In an example, UE 105 may receive location assistance data including RTD information via message flow 700. For example, TRP 300 may broadcast a posSIB including RTD information in an RRC System Information (SI) message, which may be broadcast periodically or on demand based on a request from UE 105. Other dedicated messages available in the RRC_CONNECTED state may be used. Other signaling and electronic messaging techniques may also be used. For example, UE 105 may be configured to access a web server via an API to obtain RTD information. In another example, the UE may utilize the location information of the UE and the stations to determine the effective RTD values ​​of multiple network stations observed at the UE. The observed RTD values ​​may also interpret propagation delays.

[0097] In phase 1204, the method includes determining a search window for radio resource management signals based at least in part on real-time difference information. UE 105, including processor 230 and transceiver 215, is an apparatus for determining the search window for RRM signals. RRM signals, such as SS blocks, CSI-RS, and TRS, may have a fixed schedule relative to a reference SFN. The relative timing of RRM transmissions may vary between stations based on an RTD value associated with each station. In an embodiment, UE 105 is configured to decode the reference SFN boundaries of all tracked cells and then decode the RRM signals. UE 105 may enable one or more search windows based on the timeline origin. For example, a reference SFN... Figure 9 The example search windows can be interleaved over time periods such as the first search window 914, the second search window 916, and the third search window 918. The number, duration, and relative positions of search windows 914, 916, and 918 are examples, not limitations, as other search window configurations can be used. In the example, the duration of each of search windows 914, 916, and 918 can be approximately 2-4 milliseconds, and UE 105 is configured to utilize the search windows to measure the corresponding RRM resources. In the example, portions of the search windows can overlap each other.

[0098] In phase 1206, the method includes receiving one or more radio resource management signals during a search window. UE 105, including processor 230 and transceiver 215, is an apparatus for receiving one or more RRM signals. UE 105 is configured to scan for RRM resources, including SS bursts, CSI-RS, and TRS, at one or more tracking stations during a corresponding scan window. Reference Figure 9For example, UE 105 may use the first search window 914 to measure the first RRM resource 910a on the first station 902, or use the second search window 916 to measure the third RRM resource 910c on the third station 906, or use the third search window 918 to measure the second RRM resource 910b on the second station 904.

[0099] In phase 1208, the method includes providing measurement information to the network based on radio resource management signals. UE 105, including processor 230 and transceiver 215, is a means for providing measurement information to the network. The measurement information may be signal quality measurements of the RRM signals received in phase 1206, such as RSRQ, RSRP, and / or SINR. UE 105 can operate in RRC_CONNECTED mode and can provide measurement information to the serving cell via RRC messaging. Other signaling techniques may also be used to provide RRM measurements to the network. For example, a sidelink channel may be used to provide RRM measurement information to the network via an access point or RSU.

[0100] Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software and computers, the functions described above can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed such that a portion of the functions is implemented in different physical locations. For example, one or more functions or one or more portions thereof occurring in the LMF 120 discussed above can be performed outside the LMF 120, for example, by the TRP 300.

[0101] Unless otherwise stated, the functions or other components shown in the figures and / or discussed herein that are connected or communicating with each other are communicatively coupled. That is, they may be directly or indirectly connected to enable communication between them.

[0102] As used herein, unless otherwise stated, a statement that a function or operation is “based on” an item or condition means that the function or operation is based on said item or condition and may be based on one or more items and / or conditions other than said items and conditions.

[0103] As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “one,” and “the” also include the plural forms, unless the context clearly specifies otherwise. For example, “processor” can include one or more processors. The terms “comprising” and / or “including” as used herein specify the presence of the stated feature, integer, step, operation, element, and / or component, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0104] Furthermore, as used herein, the "or" used in the list of items (which may begin with "at least one" or "one or more") indicates a disjunctive list, such as a list of "at least one of A, B, or C," or a list of "one or more of A, B, or C," or a list of "A or B or C" representing A, B, C, AB (A and B), AC (A and C), or BC (B and C), or ABC (i.e., A, B, and C), or a combination having more than one feature (e.g., AA, AAB, ABBC, etc.). Therefore, a statement that an item (e.g., a processor) is configured to perform a function with respect to at least one of A or B, or a statement that an item is configured to perform a function A or a function B, means that the item can be configured to implement a function with respect to A, or can be configured to perform a function with respect to B, or can be configured to perform functions with respect to both A and B. For example, the phrase "a processor configured to measure at least one of A or B" or "a processor configured to measure A or measure B" means that the processor can be configured to measure A (and may or may not be configured to measure B), or can be configured to measure B (and may or may not be configured to measure A), or can be configured to measure both A and B (and may be configured to select which one or both of A and B to measure). Similarly, the statement of means for measuring at least one of A or B includes means for measuring A (which may or may not measure B), means for measuring B (and may or may not be configured to measure A), or means for measuring A and B (which may be able to select which one or both of A and B to measure). As another example, the statement that an item (e.g., a processor) is configured to perform at least one of function X or function Y means that the item can be configured to perform function X, or can be configured to perform function Y, or can be configured to perform both function X and function Y. For example, the phrase "the processor is configured to measure at least one of X or Y" means that the processor can be configured to measure X (and may or may not be configured to measure Y), or can be configured to measure Y (and may or may not be configured to measure X), or can be configured to measure both X and Y (and may be configured to select which one or both of X and Y). Substantial changes can be made depending on specific requirements. For example, custom hardware can also be used, and / or specific elements can be implemented in hardware, software (including portable software such as applets), or both, executed by the processor. Furthermore, connections to other computing devices, such as network input / output devices, can be employed.

[0105] When referring to measurable values ​​(such as quantities, durations of time, etc.), the terms "approximately" and / or "approximately" as used herein include variations of ±20% or ±10%, ±5%, or +0.1% from the specified value, as appropriate in the context of the systems, apparatuses, circuits, methods, and other implementations described herein. The term "substantially" as used herein refers to measurable values, such as quantities, durations of time, physical properties (such as frequency), etc., and also includes variations of ±20% or ±10%, ±5%, or +0.1% from the specified value, as appropriate in the context of the systems, apparatuses, circuits, methods, and other implementations described herein.

[0106] The systems and devices discussed above are examples. Various configurations may be omitted, substituted, or added as appropriate, including various programs or components. For example, features described with respect to certain configurations may be combined in various other configurations. Different aspects and elements of configurations may be combined in a similar manner. Furthermore, technology is constantly evolving, therefore, many elements are examples and do not limit the scope of this disclosure or the claims.

[0107] A wireless communication system is a communication system in which communication is transmitted wirelessly, that is, propagated through the atmosphere and space via electromagnetic waves and / or sound waves rather than via wires or other physical connections. A wireless communication network may not have all wirelessly transmitted communications, but is configured to have at least some wirelessly transmitted communications. Furthermore, the term "wireless communication device" or similar terms do not require that the device's function is solely or primarily for communication, or that the device is a mobile device, but rather indicate that the device includes wireless communication capabilities (one-way or two-way), for example, including at least one radio device for wireless communication (each radio device is part of a transmitter, receiver, or transceiver).

[0108] Specific details are provided in the description to offer a comprehensive understanding of the example configurations (including implementations). However, the configurations can be practiced without these specific details. For example, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques have been shown without unnecessary detail to avoid obscuring the configurations. This specification provides example configurations and does not limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the claims. Rather, the foregoing description of the configurations provides a description of how to implement the described techniques. Various changes can be made to the function and arrangement of the elements without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0109] As used herein, the terms “processor-readable medium,” “machine-readable medium,” and “computer-readable medium” refer to any medium that participates in providing data that enables a machine to operate in a particular manner. Using a computing platform, various processor-readable media can involve providing instructions / code to a processor for execution and / or being used to store and / or carry such instructions / code (e.g., as signals). In many implementations, processor-readable media are physical and / or tangible storage media. Such media can take many forms, including, but not limited to, non-volatile and volatile media. Non-volatile media include, for example, optical discs and / or magnetic disks. Volatile media include, but are not limited to, dynamic memory.

[0110] A statement that a value exceeds (or is greater than or higher than) a first threshold is equivalent to a statement that the value meets or exceeds a second threshold that is slightly greater than the first threshold, for example, in the resolution of a computing system, the second threshold is one value higher than the first threshold. A statement that a value is less than (or is or is lower than) a first threshold is equivalent to a statement that the value is less than or equal to a second threshold that is slightly lower than the first threshold, for example, in the resolution of a computing system, the second threshold is one value lower than the first threshold.

[0111] Implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0112] 1. A method for performing radio resource management measurements, comprising:

[0113] Receive positioning assistance data, including station location information;

[0114] Determine the current location and future trajectory; and

[0115] Radio resource management measurements are performed using one or more stations, based at least in part on positioning-aided data and future trajectories.

[0116] 2. The method according to Clause 1, wherein the location assistance data is included in one or more broadcast messages.

[0117] 3. The method according to Clause 1 further includes: sending a request for positioning assistance data, and receiving positioning assistance data in response to sending the request.

[0118] 4. The method according to Clause 1, wherein the positioning assistance data is included in one or more radio resource control messages.

[0119] 5. The method according to Clause 1, wherein the positioning assistance data is included in one or more positioning system information blocks.

[0120] 6. The method according to Clause 1, wherein the positioning assistance data is encrypted.

[0121] 7. The method described in Clause 1 further includes:

[0122] Determine one or more tangent lines based on the current location and future trajectory;

[0123] Determine one or more tracking stations based on station location information relative to one or more tangents; and

[0124] Radio resource management measurements are performed using one or more tracking stations.

[0125] 8. The method described in Clause 1 further includes:

[0126] Based on station location information and the current location, determine the distance and orientation to each of one or more stations;

[0127] One or more tracking stations are determined based on their corresponding distances and orientations relative to the future trajectory; and

[0128] Radio resource management measurements are performed using one or more tracking stations.

[0129] 9. The method according to Clause 1, wherein the radio resource management measurement includes one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), and Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise (SINR) values.

[0130] 10. The method according to Clause 1, wherein the positioning assistance data includes real-time delay information of one or more stations, and the method further comprises:

[0131] One or more search windows are determined based on real-time latency information; and

[0132] Radio resource management measurements are performed, at least in part, based on one or more search windows.

[0133] 11. A method for obtaining radio resource management measurements in a search window, comprising:

[0134] Determine the real-time difference information of multiple network stations;

[0135] The search window for radio resource management signals is determined at least in part based on real-time difference information;

[0136] Receive one or more radio resource management signals during the search window; and

[0137] Measurement information is provided to the network based on radio resource management signals.

[0138] 12. The method according to Clause 11 further includes: receiving positioning assistance data including real-time difference information.

[0139] 13. The method according to Clause 12, wherein the location assistance data is included in one or more broadcast messages.

[0140] 14. The method according to Clause 11 further includes: sending a request for location assistance data, and receiving location assistance data in response to sending the request.

[0141] 15. The method according to Clause 12, wherein the positioning assistance data is included in one or more radio resource control messages.

[0142] 16. The method according to Clause 12, wherein the positioning assistance data is included in one or more positioning system information blocks.

[0143] 17. The method according to Clause 11, wherein the radio resource management signal includes at least one of a synchronization signal burst and a channel state information reference signal.

[0144] 18. The method according to Clause 11, wherein the measurement information includes one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), and Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise (SINR) value.

[0145] 19. The method according to Clause 11, wherein the duration of the search window is approximately 2 to 4 milliseconds.

[0146] 20. An apparatus comprising:

[0147] Memory;

[0148] At least one transceiver;

[0149] At least one processor, communicatively coupled to memory and at least one transceiver, is configured to:

[0150] Receive positioning assistance data, including station location information;

[0151] Determine the current location and future trajectory; and

[0152] Radio resource management measurements are performed using one or more stations, based at least in part on positioning-aided data and future trajectories.

[0153] 21. The apparatus according to Clause 20, wherein positioning assistance data is included in one or more broadcast messages.

[0154] 22. The apparatus according to Clause 20, wherein at least one processor is further configured to send a request for positioning assistance data and to receive positioning assistance data in response to sending the request.

[0155] 23. The apparatus according to Clause 20, wherein positioning assistance data is included in one or more radio resource control messages.

[0156] 24. The apparatus according to Clause 20, wherein positioning assistance data is included in one or more positioning system information blocks.

[0157] 25. The apparatus according to Clause 20, wherein the positioning assistance data is encrypted.

[0158] 26. The apparatus according to clause 20, wherein at least one processor is further configured to:

[0159] Determine one or more tangent lines based on the current location and future trajectory;

[0160] Determine one or more tracking stations based on station location information relative to one or more tangents; and

[0161] Radio resource management measurements are performed using one or more tracking stations.

[0162] 27. The apparatus according to clause 20, wherein at least one processor is further configured to:

[0163] Based on station location information and the current location, determine the distance and orientation to each of one or more stations;

[0164] One or more tracking stations are determined based on their corresponding distances and orientations relative to the future trajectory; and

[0165] Radio resource management measurements are performed using one or more tracking stations.

[0166] 28. The apparatus according to Clause 20, wherein the radio resource management measurement includes one or more of the following: reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), and signal-to-interference-plus-noise (SINR) values.

[0167] 29. The apparatus according to Clause 20, wherein the positioning assistance data includes real-time delay information for one or more stations, and at least one processor is further configured to:

[0168] One or more search windows are determined based on real-time latency information; and

[0169] Radio resource management measurements are performed, at least in part, based on one or more search windows.

[0170] 30. An apparatus comprising:

[0171] Memory;

[0172] At least one transceiver;

[0173] At least one processor, communicatively coupled to memory and at least one transceiver, is configured to:

[0174] Determine the real-time difference information of multiple network stations;

[0175] The search window for radio resource management signals is determined at least in part based on real-time difference information;

[0176] Receive one or more radio resource management signals during the search window; and

[0177] Measurement information is provided to the network based on radio resource management signals.

[0178] 31. The apparatus according to clause 30, wherein at least one processor is further configured to: receive positioning assistance data including real-time difference information.

[0179] 32. The apparatus according to clause 30, wherein positioning assistance data is included in one or more broadcast messages.

[0180] 33. The apparatus according to clause 31, wherein at least one processor is further configured to: send a request for positioning assistance data and receive positioning assistance data in response to sending the request.

[0181] 34. The apparatus according to clause 30, wherein positioning assistance data is included in one or more radio resource control messages.

[0182] 35. The apparatus according to clause 30, wherein positioning assistance data is included in one or more positioning system information blocks.

[0183] 36. The apparatus according to Clause 30, wherein the radio resource management signal includes at least one of a synchronization signal burst and a channel state information reference signal.

[0184] 37. The apparatus according to Clause 30, wherein the measurement information includes one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), and Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise (SINR) value.

[0185] 38. The apparatus according to Clause 30, wherein the duration of the search window is approximately 2 to 4 milliseconds.

[0186] 39. An apparatus for performing radio resource management measurements, comprising:

[0187] A device for receiving positioning auxiliary data, including station location information;

[0188] Device for determining current position and future trajectory; and

[0189] A means for performing radio resource management measurements using one or more stations, based at least in part on positioning assistance data and future trajectories.

[0190] 40. An apparatus for obtaining radio resource management measurements in a search window, comprising:

[0191] A device for determining real-time difference information among multiple network stations;

[0192] A means for determining a search window for radio resource management signals based at least in part on real-time difference information;

[0193] A means for receiving one or more radio resource management signals during a search window; and

[0194] A device for providing measurement information to a network based on radio resource management signals.

[0195] 41. A non-transitory processor-readable storage medium including processor-readable instructions configured to cause one or more processors to perform radio resource management measurements, comprising:

[0196] Code used to receive positioning auxiliary data, including station location information;

[0197] Code used to determine the current location and future trajectory; and

[0198] Code for performing radio resource management measurements using one or more stations, based at least in part on positioning-aided data and future trajectories.

[0199] 42. A non-transitory processor-readable storage medium including processor-readable instructions configured to cause one or more processors to acquire radio resource management measurements in a search window, comprising:

[0200] Code used to determine real-time difference information for multiple network stations;

[0201] Code for determining a search window for radio resource management signals based at least in part on real-time difference information;

[0202] Code for receiving one or more radio resource management signals during the search window; and

[0203] Code used to provide measurement information to the network based on radio resource management signals.

Claims

1. A method for performing radio resource management measurements, comprising: Receive positioning assistance data including station location information and real-time delay information of one or more stations; Determine the current location and future trajectory; Determine one or more tangent lines based on the current position and the future trajectory; One or more tracking stations are determined based on the station location information relative to one or more tangents; Perform radio resource management measurements on signals transmitted by one or more identified tracking stations, wherein, for the radio resource management measurements, one or more tracking stations on the front side of one or more tangents are prioritized; as well as One or more search windows are determined based on the real-time delay information, and the radio resource management measurement is performed at least in part based on the one or more search windows.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The location assistance data is included in one or more broadcast messages.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Send a request for location assistance data and receive location assistance data in response to sending the request.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The positioning assistance data is included in one or more radio resource control messages.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The positioning assistance data is included in one or more positioning system information blocks.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The positioning assistance data is encrypted.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Based on station location information and the current location, determine the distance and orientation to each of one or more stations; One or more tracking stations are determined based on their respective distances and orientations relative to the future trajectory; as well as Radio resource management measurements are performed using one or more tracking stations.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The radio resource management measurements include one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), and Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise (SINR) value.

9. An apparatus for performing radio resource management measurements, comprising: Memory; At least one transceiver; At least one processor, communicatively coupled to memory and at least one transceiver, is configured to: Receive positioning assistance data including station location information and real-time delay information of one or more stations; Determine the current location and future trajectory; Determine one or more tangent lines based on the current position and the future trajectory; One or more tracking stations are determined based on the station location information relative to one or more tangents; Perform radio resource management measurements on signals transmitted by one or more identified tracking stations, wherein, for the radio resource management measurements, one or more tracking stations on the front side of one or more tangents are prioritized; as well as One or more search windows are determined based on the real-time delay information, and the radio resource management measurement is performed at least in part based on the one or more search windows.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, The at least one processor is further configured to: send a request for positioning assistance data, and receive positioning assistance data in response to sending the request.

11. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, The at least one processor is further configured to: Based on station location information and the current location, determine the distance and orientation to each of one or more stations; One or more tracking stations are determined based on their respective distances and orientations relative to the future trajectory; as well as Radio resource management measurements are performed using one or more tracking stations.

12. An apparatus for performing radio resource management measurements, the apparatus comprising components for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

13. A computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon, wherein the program code is executable by one or more processors to cause the processors to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

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