Method and device for transmitting uplink control information

Abstract

A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to transmit uplink control information, such as a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement or negative acknowledgement (ACK / NACK), by using a sequence. The HARQ ACK / NACK may include one or two bits of information, and the WTRU may use a cyclic shift of the sequence to transmit the HARQ ACK / NACK. The WTRU may use different cyclic shifts of the sequence to transmit different HARQ ACK / NACK values, and the cyclic shifts may be separated from each other in a manner to facilitate the transmission. The WTRU may be further configured to receive an indication of a resource block used to transmit the HARQ ACK / NACK from a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH).

Description

[0001] This case is a divisional application of Chinese invention patent application 201880029448.2, entitled “Method and device for transmitting uplink control information”, filed on May 1, 2018.

[0002] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0003] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 500,772 filed on May 3, 2017 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 564,755 filed on September 28, 2017, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0004] The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method, system and device for transmitting uplink control information. Background Art

[0005] The uplink control information may be transmitted in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). The PUCCH may be transmitted by using a short duration or a long duration. The UCI information may include a scheduling request (SR) that may be used to request radio resources. Summary of the invention

[0006] A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may include a processor configured to transmit a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement or negative acknowledgement (ACK / NACK) using a sequence. The processor is further configured to determine whether the HARQ ACK / NACK includes one bit or two bits of information. If the determination is that the HARQ ACK / NACK includes one bit of information, the processor may be configured to transmit the HARQ ACK / NACK by using one of a first cyclic shift of the sequence or a second cyclic shift of the sequence. The first cyclic shift corresponds to a first one-bit HARQ ACK / NACK value, and the second cyclic shift corresponds to a second one-bit HARQ ACK / NACK value. The first cyclic shift differs from the second cyclic shift by half the length of the sequence (e.g., by half the total number of cyclic shifts associated with the sequence).

[0007] If the determination is that the HARQ ACK / NACK includes two bits of information, the processor of the WTRU may be configured to transmit the HARQ ACK / NACK using one of four cyclic shifts of the sequence, each of the four cyclic shifts corresponding to a respective two-bit HARQ ACK / NACK value, and the four cyclic shifts differ from each other by at least one-quarter of the length of the sequence (e.g., by one-quarter of the total number of cyclic shifts associated with the sequence).

[0008] The sequences described herein may have a length of 12 (e.g., there may be 12 cyclic shifts associated with the sequence). In an example (e.g., when the HARQ ACK / NACK includes one bit of information), the WTRU may transmit a first 1-bit HARQ ACK / NACK value using a first cyclic shift of 3 and may transmit a second 1-bit HARQ ACK / NACK value using a second cyclic shift of 9. In an example (e.g., when the HARQ ACK / NACK includes two bits of information), the WTRU may transmit 2-bit HARQ ACK / NACK values ​​(0,0), (0,1), (1,0), or (1,1) using cyclic shifts of 1, 4, 7, and 10, respectively, where the four cyclic shifts may differ from each other by one-quarter of the length of the sequence.

[0009] The WTRU may receive a configuration from a network entity and, based on the configuration, determine which cyclic shift of the sequence to use to transmit the HARQ ACK / NACK. The WTRU may receive an indication of a resource block to use for transmitting the HARQ ACK / NACK from a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). The WTRU may transmit a positive scheduling request (SR) together with the HARQ ACK / NACK. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] A more detailed understanding may be obtained through the following detailed description given in an exemplary manner in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0011] Figure 1A is a system diagram illustrating an exemplary communication system in which one or more disclosed examples may be implemented.

[0012] Figure 1B is a diagram showing that according to an example Figure 1A A system diagram of an exemplary wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) for use within a communication system is shown.

[0013] Figure 1C is a diagram showing that according to an example Figure 1AA system diagram of an exemplary radio access network (RAN) and an exemplary core network (CN) used within a communication system is shown.

[0014] Figure 1D is a diagram showing that according to an example Figure 1A A system diagram of another exemplary RAN and another exemplary CN used within the communication system shown.

[0015] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing 2-bit HARQ ACK / NACK and / or scheduling request (SR) transmission by using four cyclic shifts of a sequence.

[0016] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing 1-bit HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR transmission by using two cyclic shifts of a sequence.

[0017] Figure 4A FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary PUCCH region.

[0018] Figure 4B is a diagram showing an example of a WTRU sending ACK / NACK for one or more transport blocks.

[0019] Figure 4C is a diagram showing an example of two WTRUs sending ACK / NACK for one or more transport blocks.

[0020] Figure 5 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing HARQ ACK / NACK or SR transmission by using a frequency shifted reference symbol or reference signal (RS).

[0021] Figure 6 The diagram is a schematic diagram showing HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR transmission by using a time domain cover code on an RS.

[0022] Figure 7 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR transmission by using differential cyclic time shift for RS.

[0023] Figure 8 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing SR transmission by using RS on-off keying.

[0024] Fig. 9 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing SR transmission by using RS with waveform coding.

[0025] Fig.10 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing frequency division multiplexing of UCI and SR.

[0026] Fig.11 FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating UCI and SR transmission by one or more WTRUs.

[0027] Fig.12 A schematic diagram illustrating UCI and / or SR transmission by one or more WTRUs.

[0028] Fig.13 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing low RAPR transmission of UCI and SR.

[0029] Fig.14 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing low RAPR transmission of UCI and SR.

[0030] Fig.15 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing low RAPR transmission of UCI and SR. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] A detailed description of the illustrative embodiments will now be described with reference to the various drawings. Although the present description provides detailed examples of possible implementations, it should be noted that these details are intended to be exemplary and in no way limit the scope of the present application.

[0032] Figure 1A 1 is a diagram showing an exemplary communication system 100 in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented. The communication system 100 may be a multiple access system that provides content such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcast, etc. to multiple wireless users. The communication system 100 may enable multiple wireless users to access such content by sharing system resources including wireless bandwidth. For example, the communication system 100 may use one or more channel access methods such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), zero tail unique word DFT spread OFDM (ZT UW DTS-sOFDM), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), resource block filtered OFDM, and filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC), etc.

[0033] like Figure 1AAs shown, the communication system 100 may include wireless transmit / receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, RAN 104 / 113, CN 106 / 115, public switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, Internet 110, and other networks 112, although it should be appreciated that the disclosed embodiments contemplate any number of WTRUs, base stations, networks, and / or network components. Each WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and / or communicate in a wireless environment. For example, any of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d may be referred to as a “station” and / or “STA” and may be configured to transmit and / or receive wireless signals and may include a user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a subscription-based unit, a pager, a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smart phone, a laptop, a netbook, a personal computer, a wireless sensor, a hotspot or Mi-Fi device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable device, a head-mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, medical devices and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial devices and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices working in an industrial and / or automated process chain environment), consumer electronic devices, and devices working on a commercial and / or industrial wireless network, etc. Any of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d may be interchangeably referred to as a UE.

[0034] The communication system 100 may also include a base station 114a and / or a base station 114b. Each of the base stations 114a and 114b may be any type of device configured to wirelessly interface with at least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to facilitate access to one or more communication networks (e.g., the CN 106 / 115, the Internet 110, and / or other networks 112). For example, the base stations 114a, 114b may be a base transceiver station (BTS), a Node B, an eNode B, a Home Node B, a Home eNode B, a gNB, an NR Node B, a site controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, and the like. Although each of the base stations 114a, 114b is depicted as a single component, it should be appreciated that the base stations 114a, 114b may include any number of interconnected base stations and / or network components.

[0035] The base station 114a may be part of the RAN 104 / 113, and the RAN 104 / 113 may also include other base stations and / or network components (not shown), such as a base station controller (BSC), a radio network controller (RNC), a relay node, and the like. The base station 114a and / or the base station 114b may be configured to transmit and / or receive wireless signals at one or more carrier frequencies, and the base station 114a and / or the base station 114b may be referred to as a cell (not shown). These frequencies may be in a licensed spectrum, an unlicensed spectrum, or a combination of a licensed and unlicensed spectrum. A cell may provide wireless service coverage for a specific geographic area that is relatively fixed or may change over time. A cell may be further divided into cell sectors. For example, a cell associated with the base station 114a may be divided into three sectors. Thus, in one embodiment, the base station 114a may include three transceivers, that is, each transceiver corresponds to a sector of the cell. In one embodiment, the base station 114a may use multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology, and may use multiple transceivers for each sector of the cell. For example, by using beamforming, signals may be transmitted and / or received in a desired spatial direction.

[0036] The base stations 114a, 114b may communicate with one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d over an air interface 116, which may be any suitable wireless communication link (e.g., radio frequency (RF), microwave, centimeter wave, millimeter wave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible light, etc.). The air interface 116 may be established using any suitable radio access technology (RAT).

[0037] More specifically, as described above, the communication system 100 may be a multiple access system and may use one or more channel access schemes, such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, and SC-FDMA, among others. For example, the base station 114a in the RAN 104 / 113 and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), which may use Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) to establish the air interface 115 / 116 / 117. WCDMA may include communication protocols such as High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA) and / or Evolved HSPA (HSPA+). HSPA may include High Speed ​​Downlink (DL) Packet Access (HSDPA) and / or High Speed ​​UL Packet Access (HSUPA).

[0038] In one embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), which may establish the air interface 116 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and / or Advanced LTE (LTE-A) and / or Advanced LTE Pro (LTE-A Pro).

[0039] In one embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as NR radio access, which may establish the air interface 116 using new radio (NR).

[0040] In one embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement multiple radio access technologies. For example, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may jointly implement LTE radio access and NR radio access (e.g., using dual connectivity (DC) principles). Thus, the air interface used by the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be characterized by multiple types of radio access technologies and / or transmissions sent to / from multiple types of base stations (e.g., eNBs and gNBs).

[0041] In other embodiments, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (i.e., Wireless Fidelity (WiFi)), IEEE 802.16 (i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 EV-DO, Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856 (IS-856), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), and GSM EDGE (GERAN), among others.

[0042] Figure 1AThe base station 114b in the example may be, for example, a wireless router, a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or an access point, and may use any appropriate RAT to facilitate wireless connectivity in a local area, which may be, for example, a business location, a residence, a vehicle, a campus, an industrial facility, an air corridor (e.g., for use by drones), a road, and the like. In one embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may establish a wireless local area network (WLAN) by implementing a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11. In one embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may establish a wireless personal area network (WPAN) by implementing a radio technology such as IEEE802.15. In another embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may establish a picocell or a femtocell by using a cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-APro, NR, and the like). Figure 1A As shown, the base station 114b may be directly connected to the Internet 110. Thus, the base station 114b does not necessarily need to access the Internet 110 via the CN 106 / 115.

[0043] The RAN 104 / 113 may be in communication with the CN 106 / 115, which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data, applications and / or Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d. The data may have different quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as different throughput requirements, latency requirements, fault tolerance requirements, reliability requirements, data throughput requirements, mobility requirements, etc. The CN 106 / 115 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location-based services, prepaid calls, Internet connectivity, video distribution, etc., and / or may perform advanced security functions such as user authentication. Although in Figure 1A Although not shown, it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 / 113 and / or the CN 106 / 115 may be in direct or indirect communication with other RANs that employ the same RAT or a different RAT as the RAN 104 / 113. For example, in addition to being connected to the RAN 104 / 113 employing NR radio technology, the CN 106 / 115 may also be in communication with another RAN (not shown) employing GSM, UMTS, CDMA 2000, WiMAX, E-UTRA, or WiFi radio technology.

[0044] The CN 106 / 115 may also act as a gateway for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 110, and / or other networks 112. The PSTN 108 may include a circuit-switched telephone network that provides plain old telephone service (POTS). The Internet 110 may include a system of globally interconnected computer networks and devices that use common communication protocols, such as the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and / or the Internet Protocol (IP) in the TCP / IP Internet protocol suite. The networks 112 may include wired and / or wireless communication networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. For example, the networks 112 may include another CN connected to one or more RANs, where the one or more RANs may use the same RAT or a different RAT as the RAN 104 / 113.

[0045] Some or all of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d in the communication system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities (e.g., the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may include multiple transceivers for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links). Figure 1A The illustrated WTRU 102c may be configured to communicate with the base station 114a, which may employ a cellular-based radio technology, and with the base station 114b, which may employ an IEEE 802 radio technology.

[0046] Figure 1B is a system diagram illustrating an exemplary WTRU 102. Figure 1B As shown, the WTRU 102 may include a processor 118, a transceiver 120, a transmit / receive element 122, a speaker / microphone 124, a keyboard 126, a display / touchpad 128, non-removable memory 130, removable memory 132, a power source 134, a global positioning system (GPS) chipset 136, and / or other peripherals 138. It should be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may include any sub-combination of the foregoing elements while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0047] The processor 118 may be a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors associated with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) circuit, any other type of integrated circuit (IC), a state machine, and the like. The processor 118 may perform signal coding, data processing, power control, input / output processing, and / or any other functionality that enables the WTRU 102 to operate in a wireless environment. The processor 118 may be coupled to the transceiver 120, which may be coupled to the transmit / receive element 122. Although Figure 1B The processor 118 and the transceiver 120 are depicted as separate components, however it should be appreciated that the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 may also be integrated into one electronic component or chip.

[0048] The transmit / receive component 122 may be configured to transmit signals to a base station (e.g., base station 114a) or receive signals from a base station (e.g., base station 114a) via the air interface 116. For example, in one embodiment, the transmit / receive component 122 may be an antenna configured to transmit and / or receive RF signals. As an example, in another embodiment, the transmit / receive component 122 may be an emitter / detector configured to transmit and / or receive IR, UV, or visible light signals. In yet another embodiment, the transmit / receive component 122 may be configured to transmit and / or receive RF and light signals. It should be appreciated that the transmit / receive component 122 may be configured to transmit and / or receive any combination of wireless signals.

[0049] Although in Figure 1B 102 as a single component, but the WTRU 102 may include any number of transmit / receive components 122. More specifically, the WTRU 102 may employ MIMO technology. Thus, in one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include two or more transmit / receive components 122 (e.g., multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving radio signals over the air interface 116.

[0050] The transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate signals to be transmitted by the transmit / receive component 122 and to demodulate signals received by the transmit / receive component 122. As described above, the WTRU 102 may have multi-mode capabilities. Thus, the transceiver 120 may include multiple transceivers that allow the WTRU 102 to communicate via multiple RATs, such as NR and IEEE 802.11.

[0051] The processor 118 of the WTRU 102 may be coupled to a speaker / microphone 124, a keyboard 126, and / or a display / touchpad 128 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit or an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display unit), and may receive user input data from these components. The processor 118 may also output user data to the speaker / microphone 124, the keyboard 126, and / or the display / touchpad 128. In addition, the processor 118 may access information from and store data in any suitable memory such as a non-removable memory 130 and / or a removable memory 132. The non-removable memory 130 may include a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of storage device. The removable memory 132 may include a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a memory stick, and a secure digital (SD) memory card, among others. In other embodiments, the processor 118 may access information from and store data in memories that are not physically located in the WTRU 102, such as, for example, a server or a home computer (not shown).

[0052] The processor 118 may receive power from the power source 134 and may be configured to distribute and / or control the power to other components in the WTRU 102. The power source 134 may be any suitable device for powering the WTRU 102. For example, the power source 134 may include one or more dry cell batteries (e.g., nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd), nickel-zinc (Ni-Zn), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cells, fuel cells, and the like.

[0053] The processor 118 may also be coupled to the GPS chipset 136, which may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude and latitude) related to the current location of the WTRU 102. In addition to or in lieu of the information from the GPS chipset 136, the WTRU 102 may receive location information from a base station (e.g., base stations 114a, 114b) via the air interface 116 and / or determine its location based on the timing of signals received from two or more nearby base stations. It should be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may acquire location information via any suitable positioning method while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0054] The processor 118 may also be coupled to other peripherals 138, which may include one or more software and / or hardware modules that provide additional features, functionality, and / or wired or wireless connectivity. For example, the peripherals 138 may include an accelerometer, an electronic compass, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera (for photos and / or video), a universal serial bus (USB) port, a vibration device, a television transceiver, a hands-free headset, Modules, frequency modulation (FM) radio units, digital music players, media players, video game console modules, Internet browsers, virtual reality and / or augmented reality (VR / AR) devices, and activity trackers, etc. Peripheral device 138 may include one or more sensors, which may be one or more of the following: gyroscopes, accelerometers, Hall effect sensors, magnetometers, orientation sensors, proximity sensors, temperature sensors, time sensors, geolocation sensors, altimeters, light sensors, touch sensors, magnetometers, barometers, gesture sensors, biometric sensors, and / or humidity sensors.

[0055] The WTRU 102 may include a full-duplex radio for which the reception or transmission of some or all signals (e.g., associated with specific subframes for UL (e.g., for transmission) and downlink (e.g., for reception)) may be concurrent and / or simultaneous. The full-duplex radio may include an interface management unit to reduce and / or substantially eliminate self-interference by means of hardware (e.g., chokes) or by signal processing by a processor (e.g., a separate processor (not shown) or by the processor 118). In one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include a half-duplex radio for which the transmission and reception of some or all signals (e.g., associated with specific subframes for UL (e.g., with respect to transmission) or downlink (e.g., with respect to reception)) may be concurrent and / or simultaneous.

[0056] Figure 1C 1 is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 104 and the CN 106 according to one embodiment. As described above, the RAN 104 may employ an E-UTRA radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In addition, the RAN 104 may also be in communication with the CN 106.

[0057] The RAN 104 may include eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c, however it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 may include any number of eNode-Bs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. Each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In one embodiment, the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may implement MIMO technology. Thus, for example, the eNode-B 160a may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to, and / or receive wireless signals from, the WTRU 102a.

[0058] Each of the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, user scheduling in UL and / or DL, etc. Figure 1C As shown, the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may communicate with each other via an X2 interface.

[0059] Figure 1C The illustrated CN 106 may include a mobility management entity (MME) 162, a serving gateway (SGW) 164, and a packet data network (PDN) gateway (or PGW) 166. Although each of the foregoing components is described as being part of the CN 106, it should be appreciated that any of these components may be owned and / or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.

[0060] The MME 162 may be connected to each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface and may serve as a control node. For example, the MME 162 may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, performing bearer activation / deactivation processing, selecting a particular serving gateway during an initial attach of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like. The MME 162 may also provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as GSM and / or WCDMA.

[0061] The SGW 164 may be connected to each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface. The SGW 164 may generally route and forward user data packets to / from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. The SGW 164 may also perform other functions, such as anchoring the user plane during inter-eNode-B handovers, triggering paging processing when DL data is available for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and managing and storing the contexts of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like.

[0062] The SGW 164 may be connected to the PGW 166, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.

[0063] The CN 106 may facilitate communications with other networks. For example, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to circuit-switched networks, such as the PSTN 108, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and traditional land-line communications devices. For example, the CN 106 may include or be in communication with an IP gateway, such as an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server, and the IP gateway may serve as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired and / or wireless networks owned and / or operated by other service providers.

[0064] Although in Figures 1A-1D Although the WTRU is described as a wireless terminal, it should be appreciated that in certain typical embodiments, such a terminal may use a (eg, temporary or permanent) wired communication interface with a communication network.

[0065] In a typical embodiment, the other network 112 may be a WLAN.

[0066] A WLAN using an infrastructure basic service set (BSS) mode may have an access point (AP) for the BSS and one or more stations (STAs) associated with the AP. The AP may access or be connected to a distributed system (DS) or other types of wired / wireless networks that send traffic into and / or out of the BSS. Traffic originating from outside the BSS and destined for the STA may arrive through the AP and be delivered to the STA. Traffic originating from the STA and destined for a destination outside the BSS may be sent to the AP for delivery to the corresponding destination. Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be sent through the AP, for example, the source STA may send traffic to the AP and the AP may deliver the traffic to the destination STA. Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be considered and / or referred to as point-to-point traffic. The point-to-point traffic may be sent using a direct link establishment (DLS) between the source and destination STAs (e.g., directly between them). In certain typical embodiments, the DLS may use 802.11e DLS or 802.11z tunneled DLS (TDLS)). A WLAN using an independent BSS (IBSS) mode does not have an AP, and STAs (eg, all STAs) within or using the IBSS can communicate directly with each other. Here, the IBSS communication mode may sometimes be referred to as an "ad-hoc" communication mode.

[0067] When using the 802.11ac infrastructure mode of operation or a similar mode of operation, the AP may transmit a beacon on a fixed channel (e.g., a primary channel). The primary channel may have a fixed width (e.g., a bandwidth of 20 MHz) or a width that is dynamically set with the aid of signaling. The primary channel may be a working channel of the BSS and may be used by the STA to establish a connection with the AP. In certain typical embodiments, carrier sense multiple access (CSMA / CA) with collision avoidance (e.g., in an 802.11 system) may be implemented. For CSMA / CA, STAs including the AP (e.g., each STA) may sense the primary channel. If a particular STA senses / detects and / or determines that the primary channel is busy, the particular STA may back off. In a given BSS, one STA (e.g., only one station) may transmit at any given time.

[0068] A high throughput (HT) STA may communicate using a 40 MHz wide channel (eg, by combining a 20 MHz wide primary channel with a 20 MHz wide adjacent or non-adjacent channel to form a 40 MHz wide channel).

[0069] Very high throughput (VHT) STA can support channels with widths of 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz and / or 160MHz. 40MHz and / or 80MHz channels can be formed by combining continuous 20MHz channels. 160MHz channels can be formed by combining 8 continuous 20MHz channels or by combining two discontinuous 80MHz channels (this combination can be referred to as 80+80 configuration). For the 80+80 configuration, after channel coding, the data can be transmitted and passed through a segment parser, which can divide the data into two streams. Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing and time domain processing can be completed separately on each stream. The stream can be mapped on two 80MHz channels, and the data can be transmitted by the STA performing the transmission. At the receiver of the STA performing the reception, the above operations for the 80+80 configuration can be reversed, and the combined data can be sent to the medium access control (MAC).

[0070] 802.11af and 802.11ah support sub-1 GHz operating modes. The channel operating bandwidth and carriers are reduced in 802.11af and 802.11ah compared to those used in 802.11n and 802.11ac. 802.11af supports 5MHz, 10MHz and 20MHz bandwidths in the TV White Space (TVWS) spectrum, and 802.11ah supports 1MHz, 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz and 16MHz bandwidths using non-TVWS spectrum. According to typical embodiments, 802.11ah may support instrument type control / machine type communication (e.g., MTC devices in macro coverage areas). MTC devices may have certain capabilities, such as limited capabilities including support for (e.g., only support for) certain and / or limited bandwidths. MTC devices may include a battery, and the battery life of the battery is above a threshold (e.g., maintaining a very long battery life).

[0071] For a WLAN system that can support multiple channels and channel bandwidths (e.g., 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11af, and 802.11ah), the WLAN system includes a channel that can be designated as a primary channel. The bandwidth of the primary channel can be equal to the maximum common operating bandwidth supported by all STAs in the BSS. The bandwidth of the primary channel can be set and / or limited by a certain STA, where the STA is derived from all STAs operating in the BSS and the STA supports the minimum bandwidth operating mode. In the example about 802.11ah, even if the AP and other STAs in the BSS support 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz, 16MHz and / or other channel bandwidth operating modes, for STAs (e.g., MTC-type devices) that support (e.g., only support) 1MHz mode, the width of the primary channel can be 1MHz. Carrier sensing and / or network allocation vector (NAV) settings can depend on the state of the primary channel. If the primary channel is busy (eg, because a STA (which only supports 1 MHz operating mode) is transmitting to the AP), the entire available band may be considered busy even though most of the band remains idle and available for use.

[0072] In the United States, the available frequency band for 802.11ah is 902MHz to 928MHz. In South Korea, the available frequency band is 917.5MHz to 923.5MHz. In Japan, the available frequency band is 916.5MHz to 927.5MHz. Depending on the country code, the total bandwidth available for 802.11ah is 6MHz to 26MHz.

[0073] Figure 1D 1 is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 113 and the CN 115 according to one embodiment. As described above, the RAN 113 may employ NR radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In addition, the RAN 113 may also communicate with the CN 115.

[0074] The RAN 113 may include gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 113 may include any number of gNBs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. Each of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may include one or more transceivers to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In one embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement MIMO technology. For example, the gNBs 180a, 180b may use beamforming processing to transmit signals to and / or receive signals from the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c. Thus, for example, the gNB 180a may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to and / or receive wireless signals from the WTRU 102a. In one embodiment, gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement carrier aggregation techniques. For example, gNB 180a may transmit multiple component carriers to WTR 102a (not shown). A subset of these component carriers may be on an unlicensed spectrum, while the remaining component carriers may be on a licensed spectrum. In one embodiment, gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement coordinated multi-point (CoMP) techniques. For example, WTRU 102a may receive coordinated transmissions from gNB 180a and gNB 180b (and / or gNB 180c).

[0075] The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using transmissions associated with the scalable parameter configurations. For example, the OFDM symbol spacing and / or OFDM subcarrier spacing may be different for different transmissions, different cells, and / or different portions of the wireless transmission spectrum. The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using subframes or transmission time intervals (TTIs) of different or scalable lengths (e.g., containing different numbers of OFDM symbols and / or lasting different absolute time lengths).

[0076] The gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be configured to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c in a standalone configuration and / or a non-standalone configuration. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c without accessing other RANs (e.g., the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c). In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may use one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c as mobility anchors. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using signals in an unlicensed band. In a non-standalone configuration, the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate / connect to the gNB 180a, 180b, 180c while communicating / connecting to another RAN (e.g., the eNode-B 160a, 160b, 160c). For example, the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with one or more gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c and one or more eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c in a substantially simultaneous manner by implementing the DC principle. In a non-standalone configuration, the eNode-B 160a, 160b, 160c may act as a mobility anchor for the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c, and the gNB 180a, 180b, 180c may provide additional coverage and / or throughput to serve the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c.

[0077] Each of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, user scheduling in UL and / or DL, support network slicing, implement dual connectivity, implement interworking between NR and E-UTRA, route user plane data to a user plane function (UPF) 184a, 184b, and route control plane information to an access and mobility management function (AMF) 182a, 182b, and the like. Figure 1D As shown, gNBs 180a, 180b, and 180c can communicate with each other through the Xn interface.

[0078] Figure 1DThe CN 115 shown may include at least one AMF 182a, 182b, at least one UPF 184a, 184b, at least one session management function (SMF) 183a, 183b, and may include a data network (DN) 185a, 185b. Although each of the aforementioned components is described as part of the CN 115, it should be understood that any of these components may be owned and / or operated by entities other than the CN operator.

[0079] The AMF 182a, 182b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113 via an N2 interface and may act as a control node. For example, the AMF 182a, 182b may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c, supporting network slicing (e.g., handling different PDU sessions with different requirements), selecting a specific SMF 183a, 183b, managing registration areas, terminating NAS signaling, and mobility management, etc. The AMF 182a, 1823b may use network slicing processing to customize the CN support provided to the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c based on the type of service used by the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c. As an example, different network slices may be established for different use cases, such as services that rely on ultra-reliable low latency (URLLC) access, services that rely on enhanced massive mobile broadband (eMBB) access, and / or services for machine type communication (MTC) access, etc. The AMF 162 may provide control plane functionality for switching between the RAN 113 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as non-3GPP access technologies such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, and / or WiFi.

[0080] The SMF 183a, 183b may be connected to the AMF 182a, 182b in the CN 115 via the N11 interface. The SMF 183a, 183b may also be connected to the UPF 184a, 184b in the CN 115 via the N4 interface. The SMF 183a, 183b may select and control the UPF 184a, 184b, and may configure traffic routing through the UPF 184a, 184b. The SMF 183a, 183b may perform other functions, such as managing and allocating UE IP addresses, managing PDU sessions, controlling policy enforcement and QoS, providing downlink data notification, and the like. The PDU session type may be IP-based, non-IP-based, Ethernet-based, and the like.

[0081] The UPF 184a, 184b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the CN 113 via an N3 interface, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks (e.g., the Internet 110) to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices. The UPF 184, 184b may perform other functions, such as routing and forwarding packets, enforcing user plane policies, supporting multi-homed PDU sessions, handling user plane QoS, buffering downlink packets, and providing mobility anchoring processing, among others.

[0082] The CN 115 may facilitate communications with other networks. For example, the CN 115 may include or may communicate with an IP gateway (e.g., an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server) that acts as an interface between the CN 115 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 115 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired and / or wireless networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. In one embodiment, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be connected to a local data network (DN) 185a, 185b via an N3 interface connected to the UPF 184a, 184b and an N6 interface between the UPF 184a, 184b and the DN 185a, 185b and through the UPF 184a, 184b.

[0083] Given that Figures 1A-1D and about Figures 1A-1D As described above, one or more or all of the functions described herein with respect to one or more of the following may be performed by one or more simulation devices (not shown): WTRU 102a-d, base station 114a-b, eNodeB 160a-c, MME 162, SGW 164, PGW 166, gNB 180a-c, AMF 182a-b, UPF 184a-b, SMF 183a-b, DN 185a-b, and / or any other one or more devices described herein. These simulation devices may be one or more devices configured to simulate one or more or all of the functions described herein. For example, these simulation devices may be used to test other devices and / or simulate network and / or WTRU functions.

[0084] The simulation device can be designed to implement one or more tests on other devices in a laboratory environment and / or an operator network environment. For example, the one or more simulation devices can perform one or more or all functions while being implemented and / or deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network in whole or in part to test other devices within the communication network. The one or more simulation devices can perform one or more or all functions while being temporarily implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. The simulation device can be directly coupled to other devices to perform the test, and / or can use over-the-air wireless communication to perform the test.

[0085] One or more simulation devices can perform one or more (including all) functions while not being implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. For example, the simulation device can be used in a test lab and / or a test scenario of a wired and / or wireless communication network that is not deployed (e.g., tested) to implement tests on one or more components. The one or more simulation devices can be test devices. The simulation device can transmit and / or receive data using direct RF coupling and / or wireless communication with the aid of RF circuits (for example, the circuits can include one or more antennas).

[0086] Methods, apparatus, and systems for scheduling transmissions (e.g., requests) on an uplink may be provided. A sequence may be determined (e.g., to perform the transmission). A cyclic shift of the sequence may be determined for a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU). An acknowledgement / negative acknowledgement (ACK / NACK) may be signaled (e.g., via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and / or using the cyclic shift).

[0087] In a wireless communication system, uplink control information (UCI) may include control information indicators and / or status information indicators that may assist in the transmission process of the physical layer. For example, UCI may include a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement or negative acknowledgement (ACK / NACK) that may be used to indicate whether a HARQ is received. UCI may include a channel quality indicator (CQI), which may be used as a measure of the communication quality of a wireless channel. The CQI for a given channel may depend on the type of modulation scheme used by the communication system.

[0088] The UCI may include a scheduling request (SR) that may be used to request radio transmission resources for an upcoming downlink or uplink transmission. The UCI may include a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) and / or a ranking indicator (RI) for the downlink or uplink transmission. The PMI may be used (e.g., by indicating a specified precoding matrix) to facilitate communication on multiple data streams and signal interpretation at the physical layer. The RI may indicate the number of layers that may be used for spatial multiplexing within the communication system, or the RI may indicate the maximum number of layers. A wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), which may be a user equipment (WTRU), may transmit the UCI to a network (e.g., a network entity such as a base station) to provide information to the physical layer that facilitates wireless communication.

[0089] In New Radio (NR), UCI may be transmitted in a physical UL control channel (PUCCH). The PUCCH may be transmitted in a short duration (e.g., one or two OFDM symbols) around the last transmitted UL symbol(s) of a slot. The PUCCH may be transmitted over multiple UL symbols (e.g., more than 2 OFDM symbols) for a long duration, which may improve coverage. The UL control channel may be frequency division multiplexed with the UL data channel in a slot. The WTRU may be assigned PUCCH resources for UCI transmission, where the PUCCH resources may include time, frequency, and code domains (where appropriate).

[0090] In NR, a mechanism for efficient UL control information transmission in PUCCH (e.g., a short PUCCH with a duration of one or two symbols) may be provided. Efficient UL control information transmission may involve a tradeoff between user multiplexing capability and block error rate (BLER) performance. When there are multiple (e.g., two) lengths for PUCCH (e.g., a short PUCCH with a duration of one or two symbols), methods and apparatus for multiplexing different categories of UCI (e.g., SR, ACK / NACK, etc.) and / or reference symbols or reference signals (RS) may be provided. In the case of SR transmission, interference may be avoided while increasing user multiplexing capability.

[0091] The PUCCH is a physical downlink control channel that may carry hybrid ARQ acknowledgements (HARQ ACKs) or negative acknowledgements (HARQ NACKs), channel state information (CSI) reports (which may include, for example, beamforming information), and / or scheduling requests (SRs). An uplink control resource set (UCRS) may include one or more physical resource blocks (PRBs) in the frequency domain and may span one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in the time domain. The PUCCH may be transmitted via one or more UCRS(s). The uplink control information (UCI) may include a set of control information bits transmitted by the WTRU to the gNB in ​​the uplink.

[0092] A constant amplitude zero autocorrelation (CAZAC) sequence may be a periodic complex valued sequence with constant amplitude and zero out-of-phase periodic (cyclic) autocorrelation. Pulse position modulation (PPM) may be a form of coding in which the message bits may be encoded by the position of the transmitted pulses. Peak to average power ratio (PAPR) may be the square of the peak amplitude divided by the average power or the peak power divided by the average power.

[0093] ACK / NACK (e.g., HARQ ACK / NACK) and / or SR transmission may be provided on a PUCCH (e.g., a short PUCCH having a duration of one or more symbols). A sequence-based PUCCH (e.g., a short PUCCH) may be provided (e.g., UCI may be transmitted on the PUCCH using a sequence). For uplink control transmission, the WTRU may transmit uplink control information (UCI) in a PUCCH having a specific duration (e.g., a short duration of one or two symbols). The WTRU may modulate UCI information symbols, such as ACK / NACK or SR, using a sequence. The sequence may be a Zadoff-CHU (ZC) sequence and / or a CAZAC sequence, etc. (e.g., other suitable computer-generated sequences or CGS). The UCI information symbol may include a 1-bit BPSK or 2-bit QPSK symbol. The UCI (e.g., 1-bit or 2-bit UCI information) may be signaled (e.g., transmitted) using different cyclic shifts (e.g., cyclic time shifts) of a sequence (e.g., a CAZAC sequence). Examples of these scenarios are disclosed herein.

[0094] Figure 2 An example diagram is shown of using 4 cyclic shifts of a sequence (eg, a CAZAC sequence) to signal a 2-bit positive / negative acknowledgement (eg, HARQ ACK / NACK) or a 1-bit ACK / NACK and a 1-bit SR. Figure 2It can be shown how the WTRU can use 4 cyclic shifts of the same basic CAZAC sequence to signal a 2-bit positive / negative acknowledgement (e.g., HARQ ACK / NACK) or a 1-bit ACK / NACK and a 1-bit SR, as shown in Table 1. Figure 2 As shown, there may be 12 possible cyclic shifts (e.g., based on a sequence of length 12). The cyclic shifts may be configured for different WTRUs that may be multiplexed on the same time-frequency PUCCH (e.g., short PUCCH) resources. In the presence of a frequency selective channel, the different sequences may be separated at the receiver, for example, by spacing the cyclic shifts that may be assigned to the same user apart from each other (e.g., having the farthest spacing from each other). For example, cyclic shifts with a large cyclic separation (e.g., the maximum possible cyclic separation) may be assigned to the same user. This may improve, for example, the error rate of ACK / NACK detection for the user. In the case where multiple SR bits may be transmitted, multiple ACK / NACK bits may be applied to multiple SR bits.

[0095] Table 1: Exemplary cyclic shifts with cyclic separation (which may be the maximum cyclic separation) for 2-bit HARQ ACK / NACK and / or RS transmission.

[0096]

[0097] As shown in Table 1, the WTRU may determine that it has a 2-bit HARQ ACK / NACK or a 1-bit HARQ ACK / NACK and a 1-bit SR to transmit. The WTRU may further determine that the sequence available for transmitting the HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR has a length of 12 (e.g., there may be a total of 12 cyclic shifts available for the WTRU to transmit the HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR). Based on the values ​​of the HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR, the WTRU may select different cyclic shifts of the sequence to transmit the HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR. The WTRU may select cyclic shifts such that they are maximally different from each other (e.g., differ by at least one-quarter of the length of the sequence, or one-quarter of the total number of cyclic shifts associated with the sequence). For example, when the sequence has a length of 12, the WTRU may use cyclic shifts of 1, 4, 7, and 10 to transmit 2-bit HARQ ACK / NACK values ​​[0,0], [1,0], [1,1], and [0,1], respectively. The WTRU may receive a configuration from a network entity regarding which cyclic shift should be used to transmit the HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR. Different WTRUs may use different cyclic shifts to transmit the HARQ ACK / NACK to, for example, reduce the possibility of interference between the WTRUs. For example, a first WTRU may be configured to use cyclic shifts (1, 4, 7, 10) to transmit four 2-bit HARQ NACK / ACK values, respectively, while a second WTRU may be configured to use cyclic shifts (2, 5, 8, 11) to transmit four 2-bit HARQ NACK / ACK values. In an example (e.g., when a common sequence of length 12 is used), three WTRUs (e.g., users) may be multiplexed on the same time-frequency PUCCH resource.

[0098] Figure 3 An example diagram of using two cyclic shifts of a sequence to perform 1-bit ACK / NACK and / or SR transmission is shown. Figure 3As shown, the WTRU may use two cyclic shifts of the CAZAC sequence to signal a 1-bit positive / negative acknowledgement (e.g., HARQ ACK / NACK) or SR, as shown in Table 2A. Cyclic shifts with large cyclic separation may be used for users, for example, to increase the detection probability at the receiver. For example, cyclic shifts with the largest possible cyclic separation may be used for the same user to maximize the detection probability at the receiver. When the HARQ ACK / NACK includes 1 bit of information, the two cyclic shifts of the sequence may be separated by half the length of the sequence (e.g., may be separated by half the total number of available cyclic shifts within the allocated RB(s) that may include the PUCCH). If there are 12 available cyclic shifts within a PRB, up to 6 users may be supported within a PUCCH (e.g., short PUCCH) spanning 1 PRB. Up to 12 users may be supported within a PUCCH (e.g., short PUCCH) spanning 2 PRBs. When DTX signaling is not present, NACK may be interpreted as DTX.

[0099] Table 2A: Example cyclic shifts that may be mapped to 1-bit SR and / or ACK / NACK / DTX

[0100]

[0101] As shown in Table 2A, the WTRU may determine that it has a 1-bit HARQ ACK / NACK or a 1-bit SR to transmit. The WTRU may further determine that the sequence available for transmitting the HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR has a length of 12 (e.g., there may be a total of 12 cyclic shifts associated with the sequence). Based on the value of the HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR, the WTRU may select different cyclic shifts to transmit the HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR. The WTRU may select cyclic shifts so that they are as different as possible from each other (e.g., differ by half of the sequence length, or half of the total number of cyclic shifts associated with the sequence). For example, when there are 12 available cyclic shifts, the WTRU may use cyclic shifts 1 and 7, 2 and 8, and / or 3 and 9, etc. to transmit HARQ NACK and HARQ ACK, respectively. The WTRU may receive a configuration from a network entity regarding which cyclic shift should be used to transmit the HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR. Different WTRUs may use different cyclic shifts to transmit HARQ ACK / NACK, for example, to reduce the possibility of interference between WTRUs. For example, a first WTRU may be configured to transmit two 1-bit HARQ NACK / ACK values ​​using cyclic shift (1,7), respectively, while a second WTRU may be configured to transmit two 1-bit HARQ NACK / ACK values ​​using cyclic shift (2,8). In an example (e.g., when a common sequence of length 12 is used), 6 WTRUs (e.g., users) may be multiplexed on the same time-frequency PUCCH resource.

[0102] For SR transmission, the WTRU may transmit a request for UL assignment using a cyclic shift of a sequence and may avoid transmitting on its assigned sequence when it does not request an UL assignment (e.g., do not transmit). By avoiding transmission when there is no request for UL scheduling (e.g., do not transmit anything), the WTRU may avoid causing interference to other users in the system. This approach may increase the number of users that may be multiplexed on an RB used for SR transmission on a PUCCH (e.g., a short PUCCH). For example, depending on the frequency selectivity of the channel, 12 users may be multiplexed.

[0103] If the uplink channel (e.g., PUCCH) has high frequency selectivity, the scheduler can avoid assigning adjacent cyclic shifts to different users. Figure 3 In the described scenario, odd cyclic shifts may be assigned without using even cyclic shifts, and vice versa. The number of users that can be multiplexed on the same time-frequency PUCCH resource can be halved.

[0104] The number of HARQ ACK / NACK and / or SR resources corresponding to a cyclic shift that can be supported in a PUCCH (eg, short PUCCH) can be expressed as Relying on the frequency selectivity of the channel, for example, by using the subset restriction achievable by the parameter Some cyclic shifts can be excluded from the resource pool.

[0105]

[0106] in M may be the number of RBs that may include the PUCCH.

[0107] exist Figure 3 In the example shown, and can be equal to 1, which can result in It may be implied that cyclic shifts may be used within the system and there is no subset restriction.

[0108] The WTRU may select the received PUCCH parameters (e.g., short PUCCH index, such as ) to derive resources (e.g., cyclic time shifts of a sequence) over which the WTRU may transmit an ACK / NACK and / or an SR. The PUCCH parameters may be received from a higher layer (e.g., from a network entity) or as part of downlink control information (e.g., on an NR-PDCCH). The resource index may indicate at least one of a PUCCH region on a bandwidth or a cyclic shift that may be allocated to the WTRU for UL signaling (e.g., both). The PUCCH region may include an allocation for PUCCH transmission, such as a minimum allocation for PUCCH transmission in terms of the number of RBs. The WTRU may select a PUCCH region X for UL signaling. m This results in a set of RBs with the following indices:

[0109]

[0110] Where m may represent the index of the PUCCH region within the entire PUCCH resource pool and may be derived as follows:

[0111]

[0112] Where N RB It can be the RB index where the PUCCH region starts.

[0113] Figure 4A is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary region for PUCCH (e.g., a short PUCCH with a duration of one or two symbols) for different values ​​of m. Figure 4AThree PUCCH regions that may span 2 RBs may be shown. In an example (e.g., multiple PUCCHs may be time division multiplexed (TDM) within a slot), in addition to deriving the PUCCH region in the frequency domain according to a set of PB indices, the WTRU may derive the allocated PUCCH region in the time domain according to a set of OFDM symbol indices.

[0114] The WTRU may derive the value for PUCCH region X. m The assigned combination of two cyclic shifts of 1-bit ACK / NACK / DTX and / or SR transmission within , which can be identified according to the following equation:

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] In the 2-bit UCI signaling, the WTRU may derive the m The assigned combinations of four cyclic shifts of 2-bit ACK / NACK and / or SR transmission within , which can be identified according to the following equation:

[0118]

[0119]

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] When assigning PUCCH parameters (e.g., index ), the network (e.g., gNB) can ensure that the final set of cyclic shifts does not overlap with the set that can be assigned to another WTRU.

[0123] ACK / NACK / SR multiplexing may be used on a PUCCH (e.g., a short PUCCH with 1 symbol duration). The WTRU may send a positive / negative HARQ response (e.g., HARQ-ACK or HARQ-NACK) and / or a scheduling request (SR) on a preconfigured PUCCH resource (e.g., a short PUCCH). Determining how to send a HARQ response may take into account how to efficiently and robustly assign cyclic shifts of the base sequence to the HARQ-ACK, HARQ-NACK, and / or SR. Unless otherwise specified or indicated in the context, for the purpose of simplifying notation, the ACK / NACK used herein includes HARQ-ACK / HARQ-NACK. SR, positive SR, and SR=1 may be used interchangeably. No SR, negative SR, and SR=0 may be used interchangeably.

[0124] The WTRU may use two cyclic shifts of a base computer generated sequence (CGS) to indicate ACK / NACK on a first configured (e.g., preconfigured) RB (e.g., when the WTRU does not have a scheduling request). When the WTRU has a scheduling request (e.g., only when the WTRU has a scheduling request), the WTRU may use one cyclic shift of the base CGS on a second configured RB. For example, a WTRU in a first WTRU set may use a pair of cyclic shifts of the base CGS to send ACK / NACK on a first RB, and a WTRU in a second WTRU set may use a pair of cyclic shifts of the same or different base CGS to send ACK / NACK on a second RB. If the WTRU has a scheduling request (e.g., only when the WTRU has a scheduling request), the WTRUs from the first or second WTRU set may use cyclic shifts of the same or different base CGS on a third RB. If the WTRU does not have a scheduling request, the WTRU may not be allowed to transmit on the third RB (e.g., the WTRU may not be allowed to transmit anything), and / or may increase its transmission power on the first or second RB (e.g., by 3dB) (e.g., so that its total transmission power is less than or equal to the following situation: the WTRU transmits its associated cyclic shift sequence on the first (or second) RB and the third RB).

[0125] The SR indication may be provided implicitly, in which case the WTRU may employ two cyclic shifts of the base CGS (e.g., to indicate ACK / NACK on one of the two configured RBs). The RB on which the WTRU places the sequence may be one of the two configured RBs. For example, if the first RB is used, the WTRU may indicate that there is no scheduling request (e.g., SR=0), and if the second RB is used, the WTRU may indicate that it has a scheduling request (e.g., SR=1). The indication for the scheduling request may be implicit. There may be ACK / NACK for each block, and the WTRU may employ four cyclic shifts of the base CGS to indicate ACK / NACK on one of the two configured RBs (e.g., the WTRU may send HARQ-ACK / NACK for two transport blocks). Each of the four sequences may indicate (ACK, ACK), (ACK, NACK), (NACK, ACK), or (NACK, NACK). The following description may apply to at least the following case: the WTRU sends ACK / NACK for one or two transport blocks.

[0126] Figure 4BAn example of a WTRU sending an ACK / NACK for one or more transport blocks is shown. In this example, if the WTRU does not have a scheduling request, the WTRU may place the first of its pre-assigned sequence at the first RB, and if the WTRU has a scheduling request, the WTRU may place the second of its pre-assigned sequence at the second RB.

[0127] The RBs that the WTRU may employ to place a sequence (e.g., one of two cyclic shift sequences) that are known in advance may be communicated to the WTRU in one or more of the following ways. The WTRU may receive two identifiers from a network (e.g., a gNB), where each identifier may uniquely represent a location of the RB (e.g., time and subcarrier index). The WTRU may receive an identifier that identifies the location of a first RB. The WTRU may determine the location of a second RB based on the location of the first RB using a pattern (e.g., a known or preconfigured pattern). For example, the location of the second RB may be an adjacent RB within a contiguous RB allocation, or the location of the second RB may be an RB with a known (e.g., preconfigured) shift in time and / or subcarrier space (e.g., a non-contiguous RB). The shift in the subcarrier domain (e.g., frequency) may be greater than a threshold (e.g., a preconfigured number) to have a frequency response with no correlation or little correlation between the first and second RBs.

[0128] For implicit SR indication, the selection of the first and second RBs may be different for multiple (e.g., all) WTRUs. For example, WTRUs whose cyclic shift sequences are derived from the same base sequence may be grouped together to operate on the same RB pair. A subset of available cyclic shifts of the base sequence may be assigned to a group of WTRUs. For example, if the base sequence has a length of 12, 12 cyclic shift sequences (including zero cyclic shift) may be derived and each pair of cyclic shifts may be assigned to a WTRU in a group of 6 WTRUs. For example, when one or more (e.g., all) WTRUs in the WTRU group have a scheduling request, the one or more WTRUs may use the second RB to send ACK / NACK, otherwise they may use the first RB. In another example, when a first portion of the WTRU group has a scheduling request, the first portion of the WTRU group may use the second RB to send, otherwise the first RB may be used. When a second portion of the WTRUs (e.g., the remaining portion of the WTRUs) have a scheduling request, the second portion of the WTRUs may use the first RB to send ACK / NACK, otherwise the second RB may be used. For example, the portion referred to above may be half of the WTRU group (e.g., 3 WTRUs out of 6 WTRUs), one-third (e.g., 2 WTRUs out of 6 WTRUs). The assignment of the first and second RBs to portions of the WTRU group may vary (e.g., depending on the time slots to which the RBs belong).

[0129] Figure 4C An example of two WTRUs sending ACK / NACK for one or more transport blocks is depicted. In this example, if a first WTRU (e.g., WTRU1) does not have a scheduling request, the first WTRU may place the first of its assigned (e.g., preconfigured) sequence in a first RB, and if the first WTRU has a scheduling request, the first WTRU may place the second of its assigned sequence in a second RB. If a second WTRU (e.g., WTRU2) has a scheduling request, the second WTRU may place the first of its assigned sequence in a first RB, and if the second WTRU does not have a scheduling request, the second WTRU may place the second of its assigned sequence in a second RB.

[0130] The SR indication may be provided implicitly, in which case the WTRU may employ four cyclic shifts of the same base computer generated sequence (CGS) to indicate ACK / NACK, and may have one or more restrictions in the sequence assignment. One or more (e.g., each) of the four sequences may be used to indicate ACK or NACK. Depending on whether a scheduling request is present, one (e.g., only one) of the four sequences may be transmitted. A sequence may be assigned to indicate one of the following four cases: (ACK, SR=0), (NACK, SR=0), (ACK, SR=1), or (NACK, SR=1). A cyclic shift of the base sequence may be assigned to each of the four cases according to design criteria.

[0131] The criterion may be to minimize potential interference (e.g., potential interference due to channel imperfections when decoding the sequences) between WTRUs (e.g., whose cyclic shift sequences may be adjacent to each other). For example, four cyclic shifts of the base sequence 1, 2, 3, and 4 may be considered. In determining which cyclic shift to use, one or more of the following factors may be considered. First, the amount of UL traffic may be less than (e.g., a multiple of) the downlink traffic. This may mean that the probability of SR=1 (e.g., having UL traffic) may be less than (e.g., a multiple of) the probability of SR=0. Second, adjacent cyclic shift sequences may have greater interference with each other (e.g., due to channel imperfections). The following assignment may be used: (ACK, SR=0, )、(NACK,SR=0, )、(ACK,SR=1, ) and (NACK,SR=1, ), where CS may indicate a cyclic shift from a base sequence, and For example, in cases where frequency selectivity is negligible, one can use And CS = 0, 1, 2, 3. In the case of moderate frequency selectivity, you can use and CS = 0, 2, 4, 6. If the probability of SR = 1 is much less than the probability of SR = 0, there is a small chance that two WTRUs have their sequence groups adjacent to each other (e.g., when sending their sequences in the same RB), and the WTRUs send two sequences with adjacent cyclic shifts. The WTRUs also have a very small chance to interfere with each other (e.g., when the gNB decodes their corresponding sequences).

[0132] The following mapping of cyclic shifts of the base sequence to WTRU1 and WTRU2 may use the following:

[0133] WTRU1: (ACK, SR = 0, ),(NACK,SR=0, ),(ACK,SR=1, ), and (NACK, SR = 1, )

[0134] WTRU2: (ACK, SR = 0, ),(NACK,SR=0, ),(ACK,SR=1, ), and (NACK, SR = 1, )

[0135] The cyclic shift may indicate the difference of the cyclic shift relative to the base sequence. Considering that SR=0 has a higher probability (e.g., multiple times) than SR=1, WTRU1 may send or (e.g., most of the time), and WTRU2 may send or This may result in less interference between the sequences (e.g., most of the time) because the cyclic shifts of the received sequences are not adjacent and are far away from each other. In the case where one of the WTRUs has SR=1, the cyclic shifts of the received sequences may be non-adjacent. In the case where both WTRUs have SR=1, there may be adjacent cyclic shifts of the received sequences. Selecting the cyclic shift assignment may result in more robust indication of ACK / NACK and SR.

[0136] The criterion may be to minimize potential interference due to channel imperfections when decoding a sequence (e.g., decoding within multiple cyclic shift sequences of the same WTRU). For example, four cyclic shifts of the base sequence 1, 2, 3, and 4 may be considered. Since adjacent cyclic shifts of a sequence may have more interference with each other (e.g., due to channel imperfections), the following assignment may be used: (ACK,SR=0, )、(NACK,SR=0, )、(ACK,SR=1, ) and (NACK,SR=1, ), where CS indicates a cyclic shift from a base sequence. The assignment can assign sequences that are farther apart to ACK and NACK, thereby reducing the possibility of misdetection of a sequence assigned to one with a sequence assigned to the other.

[0137] The following mapping of cyclic shifts of the base sequence to WTRU1 and WTRU2 may be used: WTRU1: (ACK, SR = 0, ),(NACK,SR=0, ),(ACK,SR=1, ), and (NACK, SR = 1, )

[0138] WTRU2: (ACK, SR = 0, ),(NACK,SR=0, ),(ACK,SR=1, ), and (NACK, SR = 1, )

[0139] The cyclic shift may indicate a relative difference in cyclic shifts within a base sequence. The WTRU may employ three cyclic shifts of a (e.g., the same) base computer generated sequence (CGS) to jointly indicate ACK / NACK and a scheduling request (SR). Each of the three sequences may be used to indicate an ACK or NACK and / or whether a scheduling request is present. A sequence may be assigned to each of the following three ACK and SR states: (ACK, SR=0), (ACK, SR=1), and (NACK, SR=1). A sequence may not be assigned to the case (NACK, SR=0), in which case the actions of the gNB may be similar to (e.g., almost identical to) if it were to receive the sequence (e.g., the gNB may perform a transport block retransmission and assign uplink resources for the WTRU (e.g., since SR may be equal to 0, indicating that there is no scheduling request)).

[0140] For two WTRUs whose sequences have consecutive cyclic shifts, the mapping between three consecutive (eg, adjacent) cyclic shifts and the three ACK and SR states described above may be as follows: WTRU1: (ACK, SR = 0, ),(ACK,SR=1, ),(NACK,SR=1, )

[0141] WTRU2: (ACK, SR = 0, ),(ACK,SR=1, ),(NACK,SR=1, )

[0142] The cyclic shift may indicate the relative difference in cyclic shift within the base sequence. This mapping ensures that when the gNB attempts to decode WTRU1 with , there is a smaller chance of falsely detecting it as WTRU2’s sequence This mapping reduces the chance of detecting one WTRU’s sequence as another. There is a smaller chance of falsely detecting it as a sequence for the same WTRU (eg, for NACK and SR=1) (which may have the minimum coexistence probability).

[0143] For two WTRUs whose sequences have consecutive cyclic shifts, the mapping between three consecutive (eg, adjacent) cyclic shifts and the three ACK and SR states described above may be as follows: WTRU1: (ACK, SR = 0, (ACK,SR=1, (NACK,SR=1, )

[0144] WTRU2: (ACK, SR = 0, ),(ACK,SR=1, ),(NACK,SR=1, )

[0145] The cyclic shift may indicate the difference in cyclic shift relative to the base sequence. This mapping ensures that when the gNB attempts to decode WTRU1 with , there is a smaller chance of falsely detecting it as WTRU2’s sequence This mapping reduces the chance of detecting one WTRU’s sequence as another. There is a smaller chance of falsely detecting it as a sequence for the same WTRU (eg, for ACK and SR=1) (which may have a second highest coexistence probability compared to (ACK, SR=0)).

[0146] The WTRU may transmit a pair of ACK / NACKs for a pair of transport blocks (e.g., when the WTRU can successfully decode one of the transport blocks independently of the other within the transport blocks) and may send (ACK, ACK), (ACK, NACK), (NACK, ACK), or (NACK, NACK).

[0147] The WTRU may employ four cyclic shifts of the (e.g., same) base computer generated sequence (CGS) to jointly indicate an ACK / NACK pair and / or a scheduling request (SR). A sequence (e.g., each of the four sequences) may be used to indicate a subset of the above listed states and / or the presence or absence of a scheduling request. The sequences may be assigned as follows:

[0148] State 1: (ACK, ACK), and SR = 0,

[0149] State 2: (ACK, ACK), and SR = 1,

[0150] State 3: {(ACK, NACK), (NACK, ACK), or (NACK, NACK)} and SR = 0, State 4: {(ACK, NACK), (NACK, ACK), or (NACK, NACK)} and SR = 1.

[0151] The WTRU may use a separate sequence assignment for the (ACK, ACK) case (e.g., when the chance of sending an ACK may be highest). The gNB may not be able to distinguish between the (ACK, NACK), (NACK, ACK), or (NACK, NACK) cases (e.g., when four sequences are assigned). This assignment (e.g., as described above) may be referred to as state bundling or state joint assignment and may result in at most one unnecessary retransmission.

[0152] The WTRU may employ four cyclic shifts of the (e.g., same) base computer generated sequence (CGS) to jointly indicate an ACK / NACK pair and / or a scheduling request (SR). A sequence (e.g., each of the four sequences) may be used to indicate a subset of the above listed states and / or the presence or absence of a scheduling request. The sequences may be assigned as follows:

[0153] State 1: (ACK, ACK), and SR = 0,

[0154] State 2: (ACK, ACK), and SR = 1,

[0155] State 3: {(ACK, NACK), or (NACK, ACK)} and SR = 0,

[0156] State 4: {(ACK, NACK), or (NACK, ACK)} and SR=1.

[0157] By assigning only 4 sequences, the gNB may not be able to distinguish between the (ACK, NACK) or (NACK, ACK) cases. This may result in unnecessary retransmissions. No sequence may be assigned to the (NACK, NACK) and SR=0 cases, in which case the gNB's actions may be similar (e.g., almost identical) to the sequence it would receive (e.g., the gNB may perform retransmissions for each transport block and may assign uplink resources to the WTRU (e.g., since SR may be equal to 0, indicating that no scheduling request is present)). No sequence may be assigned to the (NACK, NACK) and SR=1 case, for example, since this case may have the lowest likelihood of existence. The WTRU in this state may not send a sequence, and the gNB may retransmit both transport blocks (e.g., from this perspective, the gNB's actions have not changed). The gNB may not be aware that the WTRU has a scheduling request until the next time the WTRU indicates its scheduling request (e.g., via one of the sequences assigned to (ACK, ACK) and SR=1, or {(ACK, NACK) or (NACK, ACK)} and SR=1).

[0158] The following mapping of cyclic shift sequences to four states may be used (e.g., for state bundling disclosed herein). An example of a mapping of four sequences to cyclic shifts of four base sequences may be shown below:

[0159] (State 1, )

[0160] (State 2, )

[0161] (State 3, )

[0162] (State 4, )

[0163] This mapping ensures better gNB detection probability when the gNB attempts to detect the received sequence for states 1 and 2, which may have the highest detection probability.

[0164] The mapping of the four sequences to the four cyclic shifts of the base sequence can be shown as follows:

[0165] (State 1, )

[0166] (State 2, )

[0167] (State 3, )

[0168] (State 4, )

[0169] This mapping ensures a better gNB detection probability when the gNB attempts to detect whether the received sequence belongs to WTRU1 or WTRU2 (for example, when the cyclic shift sequence of WTRU2 is just after the cyclic shift sequence of WTRU1).

[0170] The WTRU may use six cyclic shifts of the same base CGS to jointly indicate ACK / NACK pairs and / or SR. A sequence may be assigned to each of the following states:

[0171] State 1: (ACK, ACK) and SR = 0,

[0172] State 2: (ACK, ACK) and SR = 1,

[0173] State 3: (ACK, NACK) and SR = 1,

[0174] State 4: (ACK, NACK) and SR = 0,

[0175] State 5: (NACK, ACK) and SR = 0,

[0176] State 6: (NACK, ACK) and SR = 1,

[0177] When no sequence is assigned to (NACK, NACK) and SR=0, the gNB behaves similarly (e.g., almost identically) to the sequence the gNB would receive for that state. For example, since the state (NACK, NACK) and SR=1 may have the smallest probability of existence, no sequence may be assigned to the state (NACK, NACK) and SR=1. The WTRU may send its scheduling request at the next PUCCH opportunity. For example, when When , for the first WTRU, the mapping of the sequence associated with each state to the cyclic shift of the base CGS may be as follows: State 1 to State 6 may be assigned to CS=0,1,2,3,4,5, respectively. For the second WTRU, the mapping of the sequence associated with each state to the cyclic shift of the same base CGS may be as follows: State 1 to State 6 may be assigned to CS=11,10,9,8,7,6, respectively. These mappings may reduce the probability of gNB false detection of sequences belonging to the first WTRU (e.g., associated with high probability states) and sequences belonging to the second WTRU. In another example, when , for the WTRU, the mapping of the sequence associated with each state to the cyclic shift of the base CGS may be as follows: state 1 to state 6 may be assigned to CS=0,2,4,6,8,10 or CS=1,3,5,7,9,11 or CS=0,2,4,7,9,11 or CS=0,3,5,6,8,11, respectively. These mappings may reduce the probability of false detection between states of the same WTRU. In an example, the mapping may be based on the Gray coding principle, which may ensure that a potential false detection of a sequence and its adjacent cyclic shifts only results in an error in the information carried by the sequence (e.g., state 1 to state 6 may be assigned to CS=4,6,0,2,10,8 or CS=5,7,1,3,11,9 or CS=5,7,0,2,11,9, respectively).

[0178] In the example, in addition to the above 6 states, there may be two states: state 7 for (NACK, NACK) and SR=1, and state 8 for (NACK, NACK) and SR=0 (e.g., covering all possible states and a sequence may be assigned to each of them). For the WTRU, the sequence associated with each state may be mapped to the cyclic shift of the base CGS in the following manner: state 1 to state 8 may be mapped to CS=0,1,3,4,11,10,8,7 or CS=0,1,4,5,11,10,8,7. These mappings may reduce false detections between states of the same WTRU. Even if a gNB receiving one of these sequences incorrectly detects an adjacent cyclic shift, the error may still be minimized (e.g., only one of the three information fragments may be erroneous).

[0179] A positive SR and HARQ-ACK may be transmitted on a PUCCH (e.g., short PUCCH) in the same time slot. If the HARQ-ACK payload is less than or equal to 2 bits, the WTRU may use a PUCCH format of up to 2 bits (e.g., PUCCH format A) to transmit the HARQ-ACK on the PUCCH resources for the SR. If the HARQ-ACK payload exceeds 2 bits, the WTRU may transmit both the SR and the HARQ-ACK on the PUCCH resources for the HARQ-ACK (e.g., by using a PUCCH format for carrying more than 2 bits (e.g., PUCCH format B)).

[0180] Negative SR and HARQ-ACK may be transmitted on PUCCH (e.g., short PUCCH) in the same slot. If the HARQ-ACK payload is less than or equal to 2 bits, the WTRU may use up to 2-bit PUCCH format to transmit HARQ-ACK on PUCCH resources for SR. If the HARQ-ACK payload exceeds 2 bits, the WTRU may transmit both SR and HARQ-ACK on PUCCH resources for HARQ-ACK by using a PUCCH format for carrying more than 2 bits.

[0181] For PUCCH formats up to 2 bits (e.g., PUCCH format A), resources may include one or more PRB indices, one or two OFDM symbol indices within a slot, and / or a group of two or four sequences / cyclic shifts. A resource may be associated with (e.g., only with) one sequence and / or a cyclic shift of a sequence. For PUCCH formats greater than 2 bits (e.g., PUCCH format B), resources may include at least one or more PRB indices and / or one or two OFDM symbol indices within a slot.

[0182] The WTRU may determine the PUCCH resources or resource groups through higher layer configuration and / or DCI. For example, the WTRU may be configured with multiple PUCCH resource groups and identify the assigned resources or resource groups within each time slot by using a bit field within the DCI. The size of each resource group may be 1, 2, or 4 resources, which may be a function of the HARQ-ACK payload. For a HARQ-ACK payload of more than 2 bits, the resource group may have 1 resource. For a HARQ-ACK payload of 1 bit, the resource group may have 2 resources. For example, for a HARQ-ACK payload of 2 bits, the resource group may have 4 resources.

[0183] If the WTRU is configured with 4 PUCCH resource groups, the WTRU may identify the resource groups within a given time slot by using a 2-bit bit field within the DCI. In one example, the number of RBs over which the PUCCH may be transmitted may be signaled by higher layer signaling as part of the PUCCH resource configuration. In one example, the WTRU may receive the first OFDM symbol index of the PUCCH within a time slot via higher layer signaling and determine the second OFDM symbol index of the PUCCH using a formula.

[0184] The WTRU may use an AND operation to bundle the 2 HARQ-ACK bits. The WTRU may use two resources / sequences to signal HARQ-ACK and / or SR and may apply predefined resource mapping rules (e.g., when a positive SR and a 2-bit HARQ-ACK are to be transmitted on the PUCCH in the same slot or mini-slot). The WTRU may use different resource mapping rules to use two resources / sequences to signal HARQ-ACK (e.g., when a negative SR and a 2-bit HARQ-ACK are to be transmitted on the PUCCH in the same slot or mini-slot), as shown in Table 2B below:

[0185] Table 2B: Example resource mapping rules for signaling HARQ ACK / NACK

[0186]

[0187] ACK / NACK / SR transmission may be provided (eg, on a short PUCCH with two symbol duration). Figure 5 An example diagram may be shown for ACK / NACK and / or SR transmission. The transmission may use a frequency shifted RS and may be implicit. For example, the WTRU may implicitly transmit a one-bit or two-bit ACK / NACK and / or SR using different frequency shifts of a reference symbol (RS) sequence (such as a CACAC sequence) within two consecutive OFDM symbols (which may include a PUCCH (e.g., a short PUCCH)). The RS sequence for the two consecutive OFDM symbols may be the same or different cyclic time or frequency shifts of the base sequence. The ACK / NACK or SR signaling may be implicit and may be in addition to the CSI being transmitted on resource elements that may not be used for RS. Implicit transmission may be an effective way to signal UCI within the UL.

[0188] In SR transmission, when the WTRU does not request to be scheduled, the WTRU may not shift the RS in frequency within the second OFDM symbol, and when the WTRU requests to be scheduled, the WTRU may shift the RS in frequency as shown in Table 3. In ACK / NACK / DTX transmission, in case of NACK or DTX signaling, the WTRU may not shift the RS in frequency within the second OFDM symbol, and when transmitting ACK, the WTRU may shift the RS in frequency within the second OFDM symbol.

[0189] Table 3 shows an exemplary mapping of 1-bit ACK / NACK / DTX or SR to RS frequency shift in the second OFDM symbol

[0190] Table 3: Exemplary mapping of ACK / NACK / DTX or SR to RS frequency shift

[0191]

[0192] As shown in Table 4, the WTRU may use a lower RS ​​density to transmit a higher number of bits. For example, the WTRU may use 1 / 2 RS density to announce a 1-bit ACK / NACK or SR in the UL. As another example, the WTRU may use 1 / 3 RS density to announce more than 1 bit of information, such as ACK / NACK / DTX. Discontinuous transmission (DTX) may imply that neither ACK or NACK may be transmitted. An exemplary mapping of ACK / NACK / DTX to the RS shift in the second OFDM symbol is shown in Table 4.

[0193] Table 4: Example mapping of ACK / NACK / DTX to RS shift

[0194]

[0195] The WTRU may transmit (e.g., simultaneously transmit) a 1-bit ACK / NACK and a 1-bit SR using an RS shifting method with a lower RS ​​density of 1 / 4. Table 5 shows an exemplary mapping of ACK / NACK and SR to RS shifts within the second OFDM symbol. As shown in Table 5, the WTRU may use four RS frequency shifts to signal 2-bit ACK / NACK information.

[0196] Table 5: Example mapping of ACK / NACK and SR to RS frequency shift

[0197]

[0198] Figure 6 2 is an example diagram showing ACK / NACK and / or SR transmission using a time domain cover code on the RS. This may be done implicitly. The WTRU may transmit a 1-bit ACK / NACK and / or SR by applying a time domain cover code to a reference symbol (RS) sequence (such as a CAZAC sequence) within two consecutive OFDM symbols that may include a PUCCH (e.g., a short PUCCH). This may be done without considering the RS density of the PUCCH. Figure 6 Two variations of this method can be seen in FIG. 1 , ie, with RS densities of 1 / 2 and 1 / 3 respectively. The time domain code may be a Walsh–Hadamard orthogonal code of length 2.

[0199] Table 6 shows an exemplary mapping of SR to cover codes. When the WTRU does not request to be scheduled, it may use cover code [1 1] on both RS symbols (e.g., which may be equivalent to not applying any cover code). When the WTRU requests to be scheduled, it may use cover code [1 -1] on both RS symbols. For the transmission of 1-bit ACK / NACK / DTX, the WTRU may use cover code [1 1] on both RS symbols to signal NACK / DTX and use cover code [1 -1] to signal ACK.

[0200] Table 6: Exemplary mapping of SR or ACK / NACK / DTX to time domain cover code on RS

[0201]

[0202] The WTRU may implicitly transmit a one-bit or two-bit ACK / NACK and / or SR by applying corresponding (e.g., different) cyclic time shifts of an RS basis sequence (e.g., a CAZAC sequence) within an OFDM symbol(s) (e.g., each of two consecutive OFDM symbols) of a PUCCH (e.g., a short PUCCH). Figure 7 An example diagram may be shown for ACK / NACK and / or SR transmission (e.g., implicit transmission) using differential cyclic time shifts for RS. Three exemplary scenarios may be shown, namely, RS densities of 1 / 1, 1 / 2, and 1 / 3, respectively. In the case where the RS density is 1 / 1, the WTRU may apply a sequence-based scheme for ACK / NACK and / or SR transmission, and may or may not transmit other UCI (e.g., CSI, PMI, RI, etc.) within the scenario. When the RS density is less than 100%, UCI, ACK / NACK, and / or SR may be multiplexed on the same PUCCH resource (e.g., short PUCCH resource). For example, in order to transmit a 1-bit ACK / NACK or SR, the WTRU may use a cyclic shift m for RS in the first OFDM symbol and a cyclic time shift n for RS in the second OFDM symbol. If the two cyclic time shifts are the same (e.g., m=n), it may mean that the WTRU does not request to be scheduled. When the cyclic time shifts on two OFDM symbols are different (e.g., m≠n), it may mean that the WTRU may be requesting to be scheduled for UL transmission. The UL transmission may be PUSCH. To transmit a 1-bit ACK / NACK / DTX, the WTRU may signal NACK / DTX using the same cyclic time shift for two RSs on two different OFDM symbols and signal ACK using different cyclic time shifts for the two RSs. Table 7 shows an exemplary mapping of SR or ACK / NACK / DTX using different cyclic time shifts for RSs.

[0203] Table 7: Example mapping of SR or ACK / NACK / DTX using different cyclic time shifts for RS

[0204]

[0205] Figure 8 An example diagram showing SR transmission using RS on-off keying, which may be implicit. The WTRU may transmit a 1-bit ACK / NACK by turning on or off the reference symbol (RS) on the second OFDM symbol of two consecutive OFDM symbols including PUCCH (e.g., short PUCCH). This may be done implicitly.

[0206] As shown in Table 8, when the WTRU does not request to be scheduled, such as when SR is off, the WTRU may transmit RS on the second OFDM symbol. When the WTRU requests to be scheduled, such as when SR is equal to 1, the WTRU may not transmit RS on the second OFDM symbol.

[0207] like Figure 8 As shown at 800 of , when the WTRU requests to be scheduled and may not transmit the RS on the second OFDM, the WTRU may turn off the RS (e.g., not transmit the RS) on the second OFDM symbol. The WTRU may distribute the power of the RS on the remaining REs on the second OFDM symbol within the PUCCH for UCI transmission. The REs turned off on the second OFDM symbol may be interpreted by the receiver as reserved REs with no transmission, such as zero-power REs. By distributing the power from the RS to the UCI, the BLER performance of the UCI may be improved.

[0208] like Figure 8 As shown at 802 of , when the WTRU requests to be scheduled and RS may not be transmitted on the second OFDM, the WTRU may turn off RS on the second OFDM symbol (e.g., not transmit RS). The WTRU may reallocate REs on the second OFDM symbol to UCI transmission. For example, RS may not be transmitted on the second OFDM symbol. In this case, the coding rate for UCI transmission may be very low, which may result in better BLER performance for UCI. Whether SR is transmitted or not, the rate matching of UCI may be different. Table 8 shows an exemplary mapping of SR to RS present in the second OFDM symbol.

[0209] Table 8: Example mapping of SR to presence or absence of RS in the second OFDM symbol

[0210] RS transmitted on the second OFDM symbol RS not transmitted in the second OFDM symbol SR=0 SR=1

[0211] Fig. 9An example diagram of ACK / NACK and / or SR transmission (e.g., implicit transmission of ACK / NACK and / or SR) using RS using waveform coding is shown. The waveform coding includes PPM, and / or Manchester coding, etc. The WTRU may encode 1-bit ACK / NACK and / or SR by using multiple turned-on OFDM symbols (e.g., RS is transmitted) and turned-off OFDM symbols (e.g., RS is not transmitted). The WTRU may encode 1-bit ACK / NACK and / or SR by changing the positions of the turned-on and turned-off OFDM symbols. Manchester coding may be applied between multiple (e.g., two) OFDM symbols of a multi-symbol (e.g., 2-symbol) PUCCH (e.g., short PUCCH).

[0212] like Fig. 9 As shown in 900 and 902 in FIG. 1 , ACK may be encoded as follows: one or more REs of the second OFDM symbol may have energy, while the same REs in the first OFDM symbol may have zero energy. NACK may be encoded as follows: one or more REs of the first OFDM symbol may have energy, while the same REs in the subsequent OFDM symbol may have zero energy.

[0213] like Fig. 9 As shown in 904 and 906 in FIG. 1 , SR=1 (e.g., SR is turned on) may be encoded as follows: one or more REs of the second OFDM symbol may have energy, while the same REs of the first OFDM symbol shifted up by 1 from the one or more REs of the second OFDM symbol may have zero energy. SR=0 (e.g., SR is turned off) may be encoded as follows: one or more REs of the first OFDM symbol may have energy, while one or more REs of the second OFDM symbol shifted up by 1 from the one or more REs of the first OFDM symbol may have zero energy.

[0214] The WTRU may use any combination of the schemes presented herein for ACK / NACK and / or SR signaling in the uplink. As disclosed herein, the WTRU may use several methods to implicitly signal one or more bits of UCI information. For example, the WTRU may signal one or more bits of UCI information using any combination of the following: frequency shifted RS and / or time domain cover code on RS, differential cyclic time shift for RS, RS on-off keying, and / or RS with waveform coding, etc.

[0215] Signaling of SR within PUCCH (e.g., short PUCCH) may be provided. The signaling may be explicit. SR and UCI may be signaled within the same OFDM symbol. Fig.10As shown, UCI and SR may be transmitted by multiplexing sequences and / or symbols corresponding to the UCI and SR within the frequency. Since the SR and UCI symbols may be separated within the frequency, the same sequence may be used to transmit both types of data. When the WTRU does not have a SR to transmit, the subcarriers reserved for SR transmission may be loaded with zeros.

[0216] Fig.10 An example diagram for frequency division multiplexing of UCI and SR is shown. SR and reference symbols (RS) may be transmitted on the same subcarriers but in different OFDM symbols. Within an OFDM symbol where SR is not scheduled for transmission, the subcarriers allocated to RS / SR may be used to transmit reference symbols.

[0217] There may be OFDM symbols at which the SR is scheduled for transmission. If the WTRU does not have a scheduling request for transmission, the subcarriers allocated to RS / SR may be used for transmission of reference symbols.

[0218] There may be OFDM symbols where the SR is scheduled for transmission. If the WTRU has a scheduling request for transmission, the subcarriers allocated to RS / SR may be used to transmit reference symbols. The receiver may use the SR sequence to estimate the channel and / or decode UCI.

[0219] Different RS and SR sequences may be selected. For example, they may be different cyclic shifts of the same base sequence, or they may be different base sequences. The sequences may be Zadoff Chu sequences, and / or CAZAC sequences, etc.

[0220] Orthogonality between sequences transmitted by WTRUs may be achieved in the frequency domain by assigning different subcarriers to UCI and SR. Orthogonality between sequences transmitted by different WTRUs may be achieved in the frequency domain and / or by using orthogonal sequences. Fig.11 In the example, WTRU1 and WTRU2 may use an orthogonal sequence for UCI and an orthogonal sequence for SR.

[0221] Fig.11 An example diagram of UCI and SR transmission by one or more WTRUs is shown. The number of subcarriers used to transmit UCI and SR, or the number of subcarriers used to transmit only UCI or SR may be different. For example, K subcarriers may be sufficient to transmit UCI (and reference symbols for decoding the UCI) or SR, while 2K subcarriers may be required to transmit UCI and SR.

[0222] The difference in the amount of resources may be managed. For example, the WTRU may be configured with a certain amount of frequency resources, such as K subcarriers. These resources may be used to transmit UCI or SR. When both UCI and SR are present, the amount of resources may be increased. For example, the resources may be increased to 2K. The amount of additional resources and the index of the additional subcarriers may be determined.

[0223] Fig.12 An example diagram of UCI and / or SR transmission by one or more WTRUs is shown. Fig.12 As shown, when one or more WTRUs do not have UCI to transmit, or are not configured to transmit an SR, they may leave the allocated subcarriers unused. This may occur, for example, within an OFDM symbol when the WTRU is not configured to transmit an SR. For illustrative purposes, interleaved subcarriers may be shown, but non-contiguous sets of subcarriers may also be used. For example, UCI and SR may be transmitted on two different subcarrier groups. The RS that may be used to decode the UCI may not be shown, but it is understood that the RS transmission may be accompanied by the UCI transmission.

[0224] If the WTRU has unused resources, it may repeat the transmission of UCI or SR within those resources. For example, WTRU2 may repeat UCI on subcarriers that may be allocated to SR. Due to coding / spreading gain, the transmit power may be reduced accordingly. The WTRU may use two different sequences for SR and UCI. For example, the sequences may be two different base sequences, or two different cyclic shifts of the same base sequence.

[0225] Can provide low PAPR transmission. Fig.13 An example diagram of PAPR transmission of UCI and SR is shown. In the example (e.g., when UCI and SR are transmitted in the same OFDM symbol), PAPR can be reduced by utilizing time domain multiplexing of UCI and SR sequences / symbols. Fig.13 As shown, this can be achieved by time multiplexing UCI and SR before DFT precoding. The input to different input pins of the DFT box may include UCI and / or SR. After the phase shift operation (which may be optional), the output DFT precoded UCI and SR symbols may be mapped to the same subcarriers. These subcarriers may be consecutive or interleaved. The input to the DFT box may include a vector [UCI SR], for example [d1 d2 c1 c2].

[0226] There may be an OFDM symbol where no SR is scheduled for transmission. The resources allocated to the SR may be used to transmit reference symbols.

[0227] There may be an OFDM symbol at which the SR is scheduled for transmission. If the WTRU does not have a scheduling request to transmit, then the resources allocated to the SR may be used to transmit reference symbols.

[0228] There may be an OFDM symbol at which the SR is scheduled for transmission. If the WTRU has a scheduling request to transmit, the resources allocated to the SR may be used to transmit the SR sequence. The receiver may use the SR sequence to estimate the channel and decode the UCI.

[0229] Different RS and SR sequences may be selected. For example, they may be different cyclic shifts of the same base sequence, or they may be two different base sequences. The sequences may be Zadoff Chu sequences, and / or CAZAC sequences, etc.

[0230] Fig.14 Another example diagram for low PAPR transmission of UCI and SR is shown. Precoded UCI and SR may be mapped to different subcarriers. The input of the DFT block (which may be zero loaded by the first WTRU) may be used by the second WTRU.

[0231] Fig.15 Another example diagram for low PAPR transmission of UCI and SR is shown. The UCI and SR may be mapped to the DFT input in an interleaved manner, and different input pins of the DFT block may be utilized by the UCI and SR symbols. The DFT output may be mapped to the same or different subcarriers, and the subcarriers may be contiguous or interleaved. When the DFT output is mapped to subcarriers, one DFT block may be sufficient. For example, Fig.15 As shown, the input to the DFT box can be [d1 c1 d2 c2].

[0232] Each of the computing systems described herein may have one or more computer processors with memory configured with executable instructions or hardware for performing the functions described herein, including determining the parameters described herein and sending and receiving messages between entities (e.g., WTRUs and networks) to perform the functions described herein. The processes described herein may be implemented in a computer program, software, and / or firmware that may be embodied in a computer-readable medium for execution by a computer and / or processor.

[0233] Although the features and / or elements in a specific combination are described above, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that each feature or element can be used alone or in any combination with other features and elements. In addition, the methods described herein can be implemented in a computer program, software or firmware introduced into a computer-readable medium for operation by a computer or processor. Examples of computer-readable media include electrical signals (transmitted via a wired or wireless connection) and computer-readable storage media. Examples of computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), registers, buffer memory, semiconductor storage devices, magnetic media (such as internal hard disks and removable disks), magneto-optical media, and optical media (such as CD-ROM discs and digital versatile discs (DVDs)). A processor associated with the software can be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver used in a WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC or any computer host.

Claims

1. A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU), the WTRU comprising a processor and a memory, configured to: receiving downlink control information (DCI) for a downlink transmission, the DCI comprising a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) parameter, the PUCCH parameter corresponding to a PUCCH resource index; receiving the downlink transmission according to the DCI; determining one or more resource blocks to be used to transmit a PUCCH transmission based at least on the PUCCH parameters received in the DCI; determining hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback for the downlink transmission, wherein the HARQ feedback for the downlink transmission corresponds to one of a HARQ acknowledgement (ACK) or a HARQ negative acknowledgement (NACK); selecting at least one cyclic shift indicating the HARQ feedback for the downlink transmission, wherein the determined cyclic shift indicating the HARQ ACK / NACK is selected from a subset of available cyclic shifts, the subset of available cyclic shifts being determined based at least on the PUCCH parameters included in the DCI, at least a first cyclic shift in the subset of available cyclic shifts indicating the HARQ ACK, and at least a second cyclic shift in the subset of available cyclic shifts indicating the HARQ NACK; as well as The PUCCH transmission is transmitted via the one or more resource blocks using the selected at least one cyclic shift.

2. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the selected cyclic shift indicates the HARQ feedback for the downlink transmission and a second HARQ feedback for another downlink transmission.

3. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the PUCCH transmission is sent using two orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

4. The WTRU of claim 3, wherein the DCI indicates the two OFDM symbols used to send the PUCCH transmission.

5. The WTRU of claim 4 wherein the subset of the available cyclic shifts is determined based at least on the two OFDM symbols used to send the PUCCH transmission.

6. The WTRU of claim 3, wherein the at least one cyclic shift comprises two cyclic shifts, and the two cyclic shifts comprise a first cyclic shift for a first OFDM symbol of the two OFDM symbols and a second cyclic shift for a second OFDM symbol of the two OFDM symbols.

7. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the number of available cyclic shifts is twelve.

8. The WTRU of claim 7, wherein the selected cyclic shift further indicates a scheduling request (SR).

9. The WTRU of claim 8, wherein the subset of the available cyclic shifts indicated by the PUCCH parameters comprises four of the available twelve cyclic shifts, wherein the four of the twelve available cyclic shifts are used to respectively indicate: The HARQ ACK and negative SR; The HARQ ACK and positive SR; The HARQ NACK and the predetermined SR; and The HARQ NACK and the positive SR.

10. The WTRU of claim 1, wherein the DCI is received via a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission.

11. A method implemented by a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU), the method comprising: receiving downlink control information (DCI) for a downlink transmission, the DCI comprising a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) parameter, the PUCCH parameter corresponding to a PUCCH resource index; receiving the downlink transmission according to the DCI; determining one or more resource blocks to be used to transmit a PUCCH transmission based at least on the PUCCH parameters received in the DCI; determining hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback for the downlink transmission, wherein the HARQ feedback for the downlink transmission corresponds to one of a HARQ acknowledgement (ACK) or a HARQ negative acknowledgement (NACK); selecting at least one cyclic shift indicating the HARQ feedback for the downlink transmission, wherein the determined cyclic shift indicating the HARQ ACK / NACK is selected from a subset of available cyclic shifts, the subset of available cyclic shifts being determined based at least on the PUCCH parameters included in the DCI, at least a first cyclic shift in the subset of available cyclic shifts indicating the HARQ ACK, and at least a second cyclic shift in the subset of available cyclic shifts indicating the HARQ NACK; as well as The PUCCH transmission is transmitted via the one or more resource blocks using the selected at least one cyclic shift.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the PUCCH transmission is sent using two orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, the DCI indicates the two OFDM symbols used to send the PUCCH transmission, and the subset of available cyclic shifts is determined based at least on the two OFDM symbols used to send the PUCCH transmission.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the at least one cyclic shift comprises two cyclic shifts, and the two cyclic shifts comprise a first cyclic shift for a first OFDM symbol of the two OFDM symbols and a second cyclic shift for a second OFDM symbol of the two OFDM symbols.

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