Optical system and electronic device, method of manufacturing optical system

Abstract

The application discloses an optical system, an electronic device comprising the optical system, and a method for manufacturing the optical system. The optical system comprises, in order from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, a first lens having a negative focal power, at least one subsequent lens having a combined focal power of positive focal power and forming an optical lens together with the first lens, and a condenser for condensing light incident via the optical lens to an imaging plane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical components, and more specifically, to an optical system and electronic device, and a method for manufacturing an optical system. Background Technology

[0002] As automobiles become increasingly intelligent, optical systems that help them acquire environmental information are being used more widely. Depending on the application, the performance of these optical systems is constantly being improved and updated. For example, lidar detection systems may include optical systems to obtain environmental images. The market expects lidar detection systems to have a large field of view, but does not want the large field of view to cause significant distortion in the detected image. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an optical system that includes, along the optical axis from the object side to the image side, the following components in sequence: a first lens having negative optical power; at least one subsequent lens, wherein the combined optical power of the at least one subsequent lens can be positive optical power, and together with the first lens, they form an optical lens; and a condenser for converging light incident through the optical lens onto the imaging surface.

[0004] In one embodiment, the object-side surface of the first lens may be convex, and the image-side surface may be concave.

[0005] In one embodiment, at least one subsequent lens includes a second lens having positive optical power, wherein the object side may be concave and the image side may be convex.

[0006] In one embodiment, at least one subsequent lens includes a second lens and a third lens arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object side to the image side; the second lens has positive optical power, and its object side may be concave and its image side may be convex; the third lens has positive optical power, and its object side may be concave and its image side may be convex.

[0007] In one embodiment, the total focal length F of the optical lens and the entrance pupil diameter ENPD of the optical lens satisfy: F / EPND≥3.

[0008] In one embodiment, the distance TTL1 on the optical axis from the object side of the first lens to the image side of the lens closest to the image side among at least one subsequent lens satisfies the following condition: TTL1 / F≤0.85.

[0009] In one embodiment, the distance TTL1 on the optical axis from the object side of the first lens to the image side of the lens closest to the image side among at least one subsequent lens and the distance TTL on the optical axis from the object side of the first lens to the image side of the condenser satisfy: TTL1 / TTL≤0.8.

[0010] In one embodiment, the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the maximum aperture D1 corresponding to the object side of the first lens, the image side H of the condenser, and the distance TTL on the optical axis from the object side of the first lens to the image side of the condenser satisfy: D1*H / TTL≤2.

[0011] In one embodiment, the distance TTL between the object side of the first lens and the image side of the condenser on the optical axis, the light exit diameter H of the image side of the condenser, and the maximum field of view FOV of the optical lens satisfy: TTL / H / FOV≤0.35.

[0012] In one embodiment, the distance TTL between the object side of the first lens and the image side of the condenser on the optical axis, the light outlet diameter H of the image side of the condenser, and the radian value φ1 of the maximum field of view FOV of the optical lens satisfy: TTL / H / φ1≤8.

[0013] In one embodiment, the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the maximum aperture D1 corresponding to the object side of the first lens, the exit aperture H of the image side of the condenser, and the maximum field of view FOV of the optical lens satisfy: D1 / H / FOV≤0.1.

[0014] In one embodiment, the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the maximum aperture D1 corresponding to the object side of the first lens, the exit aperture H of the image side of the condenser, and the radian value φ1 of the maximum field of view FOV of the optical lens satisfy: D1 / H / φ1≤3.5.

[0015] In one embodiment, the radian value φ1 of the maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens, the total focal length F of the optical lens, and the light exit diameter H of the image side of the condenser satisfy: (φ1×F) / H≥25.

[0016] In one embodiment, the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the maximum aperture D1 corresponding to the object side of the first lens, the exit aperture H of the image side of the condenser, and the total focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: D1 / H / F≤0.1.

[0017] In one embodiment, the light exit diameter H of the image side of the condenser and the maximum field of view of the optical lens corresponding to the maximum total aperture D1 of the object side of the first lens satisfy: H / D1≥0.1.

[0018] In one implementation, the concentrator is a composite parabolic concentrator.

[0019] In one embodiment, the full aperture D2 of the object side of the compound parabolic condenser, the entrance pupil diameter ENPD of the optical lens, the combined focal length F2 of at least one subsequent lens, and the effective focal length F1 of the first lens satisfy: D2 / 2 - ENPD * F2 / F1 / 2 ≥ 0.

[0020] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F1 of the first lens, half of the maximum field of view θ1 of the optical lens, the combined focal length F2 of at least one subsequent lens, and the maximum half field of view θ2 of the compound parabolic condenser satisfy: F1*tanθ1-F2*tanθ2≥0.

[0021] In one embodiment, the full aperture D2 of the object side of the compound parabolic condenser, the combined focal length F2 of at least one subsequent lens, and the maximum half field of view θ2 of the compound parabolic condenser satisfy: D2-F2*tanθ2≥0.

[0022] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F1 of the first lens and the total focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: F1 / F≤-0.3.

[0023] In one implementation, the combined focal length F2 of at least one subsequent lens satisfies the following condition with respect to the total focal length F of the optical lens: F2 / F≥0.05.

[0024] In one embodiment, the maximum aperture D1 of the object side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the exit aperture H of the image side of the condenser, and the maximum field of view FOV of the optical lens satisfy: D1*H / FOV≤0.9.

[0025] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F1 of the first lens, half of the maximum field of view θ1 of the optical lens, the combined focal length F2 of at least one subsequent lens, and the maximum half field of view θ2 of the compound parabolic condenser satisfy: |F1*tanθ1 / F2*tanθ2|≥1.

[0026] In one embodiment, the full aperture D2 of the object side of the compound parabolic condenser, the entrance pupil diameter ENPD of the optical lens, the combined focal length F2 of at least one subsequent lens, and the effective focal length F1 of the first lens satisfy: (D2 / 2) / ((ENPD / 2)*|F2 / F1|)≥1.

[0027] In one embodiment, the full aperture D2 of the object side of the compound parabolic condenser, the combined focal length F2 of at least one subsequent lens, and the maximum half field of view θ2 of the compound parabolic condenser satisfy: D2 / F2*tanθ2≥1.

[0028] In one embodiment, the full aperture D2 of the object side of the composite parabolic condenser, the total focal length F of the optical lens, and half of the maximum field of view θ1 of the optical lens satisfy: D2 / F*tanθ1≤0.2.

[0029] In one embodiment, the full aperture D2 of the object side of the compound parabolic condenser and the total focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: D2 / F≤0.25.

[0030] In one embodiment, the distance d between the image side of the lens closest to the imaging plane and the object side of the condenser on the optical axis and the distance TTL between the object side of the first lens and the image side of the condenser on the optical axis satisfy: -0.07≤d / TTL≤0.14.

[0031] Another aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including the aforementioned optical system and an imaging element for converting an optical image formed by the optical system into an electrical signal.

[0032] Another aspect of this application provides a method for manufacturing an optical system, the method comprising: sequentially arranging a first lens having negative optical power and at least one subsequent lens along an optical axis from the object side to the image side, wherein the combined optical power of the at least one subsequent lens is positive optical power, and together with the first lens forms an optical lens; and arranging a condenser along the optical axis on the image side of the at least one subsequent lens, wherein the condenser is used to converge light incident through the optical lens to an imaging surface.

[0033] This application combines an optical lens with a compound parabolic condenser. By optimizing the shape and power of each lens, the optical lens and the compound parabolic condenser are matched. Utilizing the field-of-view correction capability of the optical lens, the received large-field-of-view light is corrected to a field of view suitable for collection by the compound parabolic condenser. The optical system provided by this application can reduce the size of the imaging plane while receiving large-field-of-view light. Furthermore, it can achieve at least one beneficial effect such as low image distortion and high resolution. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optical system according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a central optical lens;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a composite parabolic concentrator;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical system according to Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a central optical lens;

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a composite parabolic concentrator;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing an optical system according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To better understand this application, various aspects of this application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these detailed descriptions are merely illustrative of exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application in any way. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. The expression "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0043] It should be noted that in this specification, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish one feature from another and do not imply any limitation on the features. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this application, the first lens discussed below may also be referred to as the second lens or the third lens.

[0044] In the accompanying drawings, the thickness, size, and shape of the lenses have been slightly exaggerated for ease of illustration. Specifically, the shapes of the spherical or aspherical surfaces shown in the drawings are illustrated by way of example. That is, the shapes of the spherical or aspherical surfaces are not limited to those shown in the drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not strictly to scale.

[0045] In this article, the paraxial region refers to the region near the optical axis. If the lens surface is convex and the location of the convexity is not defined, it means that the lens surface is convex at least in the paraxial region; if the lens surface is concave and the location of the concaveness is not defined, it means that the lens surface is concave at least in the paraxial region. The surface of each lens closest to the subject is called the object-side surface of the lens, and the surface of each lens closest to the imaging side is called the image-side surface of the lens.

[0046] It should also be understood that the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, indicate the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. Furthermore, when expressions such as "at least one of..." appear after a list of listed features, they modify the entire list of features, not individual elements in the list. Additionally, when describing embodiments of this application, the word "may" is used to mean "one or more embodiments of this application." And the term "exemplary" is intended to refer to an example or illustration.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should also be understood that terms (e.g., those defined in common dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formalized sense, unless expressly so specified herein.

[0048] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0049] The features, principles and other aspects of this application are described in detail below.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system includes an optical lens and a condenser, which are arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object side to the image side. Exemplarily, the optical lens compresses large field-of-view light entering the optical system, and the condenser receives the compressed light from the optical lens and converges it so that the converged light forms an image on the imaging plane. The optical lens includes a first lens and at least one subsequent lens arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object side to the image side. The first lens has optical power, and the at least one subsequent lens has combined optical power. Exemplarily, each of the at least one subsequent lens has optical power.

[0051] For example, the first lens has negative optical power. A first lens with negative optical power helps to collect light rays at large angles, allowing as much light ray at a large angle as possible to be captured by the optical lens.

[0052] For example, the combined optical power of at least one subsequent lens located on the image side of the first lens in an optical lens is positive optical power. In other words, a lens group consisting of lenses located on the image side of the first lens has positive optical power. The lens group is used to collect and compress the light beam transmitted from the object side.

[0053] The optical system provided in this application can receive light rays with a large field of view while reducing the size of the imaging surface. Furthermore, the optical system provided in this application can at least partially alleviate some of the following problems.

[0054] When using only an optical lens to receive light with a wide field of view, a larger image sensor is required. Simultaneously, the increased number of lenses in the optical lens increases its size and weight, placing significant pressure on miniaturization requirements. A larger sensor also significantly increases costs.

[0055] As a comparison, for an optical lens with a total effective focal length of approximately 3.85mm, to receive light at a large angle, such as 100°, the lens's full field of view needs to be set to 100°. Consequently, half the image height on the imaging plane needs to be set to 4.59mm, meaning the total image height would need to be 9.18mm. Such a large chip size would be very expensive. If one were to reduce the chip size by relaxing distortion, firstly, the chip size would still be large, limiting the effectiveness of such an adjustment; secondly, significant distortion would cause inconvenience in use, for example, greatly affecting radar detection systems, making the effort counterproductive.

[0056] When designing a standalone parabolic condenser to receive light with a large field of view, there is a theoretical relationship between the size of the detector chip located on the imaging surface and the actual size of the condenser. To receive large-angle light, the front port diameter needs to be reduced, which will block the large-angle light; conversely, if the front port diameter is increased, the receiving field of view will decrease.

[0057] For example, the object-side surface of the first lens is convex, and the image-side surface is concave. This surface shape of the first lens is more conducive to allowing large-angle light rays to enter the optical lens and to smoothly transition the light beam received by the optical lens to the condenser.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens includes a second lens disposed on the image side of the first lens. The second lens may have positive optical power. Exemplarily, the object side of the second lens may be concave, and the image side may be convex. This arrangement of the second lens facilitates the reception of beams with larger diameters while reducing the angle at which light exits the second lens.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens includes a third lens disposed on the image side of the second lens. The third lens may have positive optical power. The object-side surface of the third lens may be concave, and the image-side surface may be convex. The third lens is advantageous for receiving beams of larger diameter while reducing the angle at which light exits the third lens. Exemplarily, the object-side and image-side surfaces of the third lens are arranged in an approximately concentric circle shape. In the beam passing through the third lens, there is an optical path difference between the peripheral rays and the central ray, which helps to diverge the central ray in the beam transmitted to the image side of the third lens. This arrangement of the third lens also helps to design a smaller object-side dimension of the optical lens, thereby reducing the size of the optical lens, and consequently reducing the size of the optical system and lowering material costs.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, each lens of the optical lens may have an aspherical mirror surface. This surface configuration of the optical lens is beneficial for improving image resolution.

[0061] For example, the condenser is a compound parabolic condenser. The compound parabolic condenser has a large entrance diameter and a small exit diameter, used to converge light transmitted from the optical lens onto the imaging surface. In any longitudinal section passing through the optical axis, the working surface of the compound parabolic condenser has a parabolic shape, and the focal point of this parabola can fall on the image-side surface of the condenser. The imaging surface can be located on the image-side surface of the condenser, and there can also be a certain distance between the two surfaces. For example, the effective pixel area on the imaging surface is completely covered by the exit diameter of the compound parabolic condenser. For example, the exit diameter of the condenser is equal to the image height dimension of the imaging surface.

[0062] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: F / EPND ≥ 3, where F is the total focal length of the optical lens and EPND is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical lens. An optical lens satisfying this condition has the characteristic of a telephoto lens and can increase the amount of light entering the optical system, thereby facilitating the condenser to receive more light. Further, F and EPND can satisfy: F / EPND ≥ 5.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: TTL1 / F ≤ 0.85, where TTL1 is the distance on the optical axis from the object-side surface of the first lens to the image-side surface of the lens closest to the image side among at least one subsequent lens, and F is the total focal length value of the optical lens. Satisfying this condition effectively limits the length of the optical lens, thereby enabling miniaturization of the optical lens and contributing to the miniaturization of the optical system. Further, TTL1 and F can satisfy: TTL1 / F ≤ 0.65.

[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: TTL1 / TTL≤0.8, where TTL1 is the distance on the optical axis from the object-side surface of the first lens to the image-side surface of the lens closest to the image side among at least one subsequent lens, and TTL is the distance on the optical axis from the object-side surface of the first lens to the image-side surface of the condenser. By limiting the ratio of the total optical length of the optical lens to the total optical length of the optical system, the length of the optical lens can be effectively controlled, thereby contributing to the miniaturization of the optical system. Further, TTL1 and TTL can satisfy: TTL1 / TTL≤0.6.

[0065] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: D1*H / TTL≤2, where D1 is the maximum aperture of the object-side surface of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, H is the exit diameter of the image-side surface of the condenser, which can also be equal to the total image height at the imaging plane, and TTL is the distance on the optical axis from the object-side surface of the first lens to the image-side surface of the condenser. Specifically, H is the size corresponding to the maximum field of view of the condenser on the image-side surface of the condenser, which can be the diameter or diagonal length of the effective pixel area. Exemplarily, if the imaging plane is located at the exit port of the condenser, then H can also be the image height of the effective pixel area on the imaging plane. The optical system satisfying this condition is beneficial for achieving a smaller optical lens and a smaller object-side end of the optical lens, and for achieving a smaller effective pixel area, thereby matching a smaller photosensitive chip. Further, D1, H, and TTL can satisfy: D1*H / TTL≤1.65.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies the following condition: TTL / H / FOV ≤ 0.35, where TTL is the distance on the optical axis from the object-side surface of the first lens to the image-side surface of the condenser, H is the exit diameter of the image-side surface of the condenser, and FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens. The optical system satisfying this condition can have a shorter overall optical length, thereby achieving miniaturization. Furthermore, TTL, H, and FOV can satisfy: TTL / H / FOV ≤ 0.2.

[0067] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: TTL / H / φ1≤8, where TTL is the distance on the optical axis from the object-side surface of the first lens to the image-side surface of the condenser, H is the diameter of the light-emitting aperture on the image-side surface of the condenser, and φ1 is the radian value of the maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens. The optical system satisfying this condition can have a shorter overall optical length, thereby achieving miniaturization. Furthermore, TTL, H, and φ1 can satisfy: TTL / H / φ1≤6.

[0068] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: D1 / H / FOV ≤ 0.1, where D1 is the maximum aperture of the object-side surface of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, H is the exit aperture diameter of the image-side surface of the condenser, and FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens. An optical system satisfying D1 / H / FOV ≤ 0.1 has a smaller object-side aperture, thereby enabling a miniaturized optical system. Further, D1, H, and FOV can satisfy: D1 / H / FOV ≤ 0.05.

[0069] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: D1 / H / φ1≤3.5, where D1 is the maximum aperture of the object-side surface of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, H is the exit aperture diameter of the image-side surface of the condenser, and φ1 is the radian value of the maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens. An optical system satisfying D1 / H / φ1≤3.5 has a smaller object-side aperture, thereby enabling a miniaturized optical system. Further, D1, H, and φ1 can satisfy: D1 / H / φ1≤2.5.

[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: (φ1×F) / H≥25, where φ1 is the radian value of the maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens, F is the total focal length of the optical lens, and H is the diameter of the light exiting aperture on the image side of the condenser. The optical system satisfying (φ1×F) / H≥25 allows the optical lens to have a longer focal length while ensuring a large field of view and adapting to small-sized chips. This improves the collimation of the light emitted from the optical lens and facilitates light collection by the condenser. Further, φ1, F, and H can satisfy: (φ1×F) / H≥30.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: D1 / H / F ≤ 0.1, where D1 is the maximum field of view of the object-side optical lens of the first lens at the corresponding maximum aperture, H is the exit aperture diameter of the image-side condenser, and F is the total focal length of the optical lens. The optical system satisfying D1 / H / F ≤ 0.1 facilitates a reduction in the object-side aperture of the optical lens, thereby promoting miniaturization of the optical system. Furthermore, D1, H, and F satisfy: D1 / H / F ≤ 0.07.

[0072] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: H / D1 ≥ 0.1, where H is the exit diameter of the image-side aperture of the condenser, and D1 is the maximum aperture of the object-side aperture of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens. An optical system satisfying H / D1 ≥ 0.1 can have a small object-side aperture while maintaining a small size for the adapted imaging chip, thus enabling the optical system to be miniaturized. Further, H and D1 satisfy: H / D1 ≥ 0.25.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: D2 / 2 - ENPD * F2 / F1 / 2 ≥ 0, where D2 is the full aperture of the object side of the compound parabolic condenser, ENPD is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical lens, F2 is the combined focal length of at least one subsequent lens, and F1 is the effective focal length of the first lens. By satisfying this condition, the optical system can make the half-aperture of the outgoing beam of the optical lens smaller than the half-aperture of the entrance aperture of the condenser, thereby facilitating light collection by the condenser. Furthermore, D2, ENPD, F2, and F1 can satisfy: D2 / 2 - ENPD * F2 / F1 / 2 ≥ 0.5.

[0074] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: F1*tanθ1-F2*tanθ2≥0, where F1 is the effective focal length of the first lens, θ1 is half of the maximum field of view of the optical lens, F2 is the combined focal length of at least one subsequent lens, and θ2 is the maximum half-field of view of the compound parabolic condenser, i.e., half of its maximum field of view. The optical system satisfying this condition helps to reduce the angle of the beam emitted from the optical lens by increasing the focal length of the lens group composed of at least one subsequent lens, thereby enabling the condenser to effectively collect light with a smaller field of view. Further, F1, θ1, F2, and θ2 can satisfy: F1*tanθ1-F2*tanθ2≥1.

[0075] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: D² - F² * tanθ² ≥ 0, where D² is the full aperture of the object-side surface of the compound parabolic condenser, F² is the combined focal length of at least one subsequent lens, and θ² is the maximum half-field angle of the compound parabolic condenser. Satisfying this condition in the optical system helps to reduce the angle of the beam emitted from the optical lens by increasing the focal length of the lens group composed of at least one subsequent lens, thereby enabling the condenser to effectively collect light with a smaller field of view and a smaller aperture. Furthermore, D², F², and θ² can satisfy: D² - F² * tanθ² ≥ 2.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: F1 / F ≤ -0.3, where F1 is the effective focal length of the first lens and F is the total focal length value of the optical lens. Satisfying F1 / F ≤ -0.3 in the optical system facilitates a shorter focal length for the first lens, thereby helping to gather light rays at large angles. Further, F1 and F can satisfy: F1 / F ≤ -0.5.

[0077] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: F2 / F ≥ 0.05, where F2 is the combined focal length of at least one subsequent lens, and F is the total focal length of the optical lens group. The optical system satisfying F2 / F ≥ 0.05 allows the lens group composed of at least one subsequent lens to have a longer focal length, which helps in smooth light transition, reduces lens sensitivity, and compresses the angle of light. Further, F2 and F can satisfy: F2 / F ≥ 0.1.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: D1*H / FOV≤0.9, where D1 is the maximum aperture of the object-side surface of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, H is the exit aperture diameter of the image-side surface of the condenser, and FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens. An optical system satisfying D1*H / FOV≤0.9 can reduce the effective pixel area to accommodate smaller chips while maintaining the object-side aperture and field of view. Further, D1, H, and FOV can satisfy: D1*H / FOV≤0.6.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: |F1*tanθ1 / F2*tanθ2|≥1, where F1 is the effective focal length of the first lens, θ1 is half of the maximum field of view of the optical lens, F2 is the combined focal length of at least one subsequent lens, and θ2 is the maximum half field of view of the compound parabolic condenser. Satisfying this condition in the optical system further controls distortion and adjusts the angle of the emitted light from the optical lens. Since the actual image height of the optical lens at the light-receiving surface of the condenser is slightly smaller than the theoretical image height, the light-gathering capability of the condenser in the actual optical system can be better guaranteed. Furthermore, F1, θ1, F2, and θ2 can satisfy: |F1*tanθ1 / F2*tanθ2|≥1.1.

[0080] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: (D2 / 2) / ((ENPD / 2)*|F2 / F1|)≥1, where D2 is the full aperture of the object side of the compound parabolic condenser, ENPD is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical lens, F2 is the combined focal length of at least one subsequent lens, and F1 is the effective focal length of the first lens. The optical system satisfying (D2 / 2) / ((ENPD / 2)*|F2 / F1|)≥1 can mean that the exit beam aperture of the optical lens is smaller than the entrance aperture of the condenser, which helps the condenser to collect light. Further, D2, ENPD, F2, and F1 can satisfy: (D2 / 2) / ((ENPD / 2)*|F2 / F1|)≥1.2.

[0081] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: D2 / F2*tanθ2≥1, where D2 is the full aperture of the object side of the compound parabolic condenser, F2 is the combined focal length of at least one subsequent lens, and θ2 is the maximum half-field angle of the compound parabolic condenser. The optical system satisfies D2 / F2*tanθ2≥1; the larger the focal length of the lens group composed of at least one subsequent lens, the smaller the angle of the beam emitted by the optical lens, thus enabling the condenser to effectively collect light with a smaller field of view and a smaller aperture. Further, D2, F2, and θ2 can satisfy: D2 / F2*tanθ2≥1.2.

[0082] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: D2 / F*tanθ1≤0.2, where D2 is the full aperture of the object side of the compound parabolic condenser, F is the total focal length of the optical lens, and θ1 is half of the maximum field of view of the optical lens. In the optical system of this application, the optical lens and condenser are configured in conjunction. By satisfying D2 / F*tanθ1≤0.2, the optical lens can have a long focal length, which helps to produce smoother light emitted from the optical lens, thereby benefiting the condenser in light collection. Furthermore, D2, F, and θ1 can satisfy: D2 / F*tanθ1≤0.16.

[0083] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies the following condition: D² / F ≤ 0.25, where D² is the full aperture of the object-side surface of the compound parabolic condenser, and F is the total focal length of the optical lens. When the optical system satisfies D² / F ≤ 0.25, the optical lens can have a long focal length and emit gently sloping light, allowing the condenser used in conjunction with the optical lens to better collect light. Further, D² and F can satisfy: D² / F ≤ 0.2.

[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: R2 / R1 ≤ 0.7, where R2 is the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the first lens, and R1 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the first lens. The optical system satisfies this condition, resulting in a large difference in the radii of curvature between the two surfaces of the first lens, thus creating an optical path difference between the peripheral and central rays passing through the first lens, and causing the central rays entering the subsequent lens group to diverge. This configuration allows the optical system to have a smaller object-side port diameter, thereby reducing the overall size and achieving miniaturization. Furthermore, R2 and R1 can satisfy: R2 / R1 ≤ 0.4.

[0085] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application satisfies: 0.3 ≤ R4 / R3 ≤ 1.8, where R4 is the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the subsequent lens, and R3 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the subsequent lens. In this optical system, the close proximity of the radii of curvature between the object-side and image-side surfaces of the subsequent lens facilitates a smooth transition of peripheral light and helps reduce lens sensitivity. Furthermore, R4 and R3 can satisfy: 0.5 ≤ R4 / R3 ≤ 1.5.

[0086] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application includes at least one subsequent lens comprising a second lens and a third lens.

[0087] For example, the radius of curvature R3 of the object-side surface and the radius of curvature R4 of the image-side surface of the second lens can satisfy: 0.3 ≤ R4 / R3 ≤ 1.8. The close proximity of the radii of curvature between the object-side and image-side surfaces of the second lens facilitates a smooth transition of peripheral light and helps reduce lens sensitivity. Further, R4 and R3 can satisfy: 0.5 ≤ R4 / R3 ≤ 1.5.

[0088] For example, the effective focal length F21 of the second lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: F21 / F ≥ 0.1. When the optical system satisfies F21 / F ≥ 0.1, the second lens can be a telephoto lens, which helps reduce the sensitivity of the second lens and also helps the light passing through the second lens to transition smoothly and compress the light angle. Further, F21 and F can satisfy: F21 / F ≥ 0.2.

[0089] For example, the radius of curvature R5 of the object-side surface and the radius of curvature R6 of the image-side surface of the third lens satisfy: 0.3 ≤ R6 / R5 ≤ 1.8. The close proximity of the radii of curvature between the object-side and image-side surfaces of the third lens facilitates a smooth transition of peripheral light and helps reduce lens sensitivity. R6 and R5 can satisfy: 0.5 ≤ R6 / R5 ≤ 1.5.

[0090] For example, the effective focal length F22 of the third lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: F22 / F ≥ 0.1. The optical system satisfying: F21 / F ≥ 0.1 allows the third lens to be a telephoto lens, which helps reduce the sensitivity of the third lens and also helps the light passing through the third lens to transition smoothly and compress the light angle. Further, F22 and F can satisfy: F22 / F ≥ 0.2.

[0091] In one embodiment, the optical system satisfies: -0.07 ≤ d / TTL ≤ 0.14, where d is the distance on the optical axis from the image-side surface of the lens closest to the imaging plane among at least one subsequent lens to the object-side surface of the condenser, and TTL is the distance on the optical axis from the object-side surface of the first lens to the image-side surface of the condenser. By satisfying this condition, the optical system can control the spacing between the optical lens and the condenser, allowing the compressed light from the optical lens to immediately enter the condenser, thus achieving miniaturization of the optical system while maintaining image quality. Further, d and TTL can satisfy: -0.035 ≤ d / TTL ≤ 0.07.

[0092] Another aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including the aforementioned optical system and an imaging element for converting an optical image formed by the optical system into an electrical signal. The imaging element may be disposed at an imaging surface, such as the light exit port of a compound parabolic condenser.

[0093] In an exemplary embodiment, an aperture stop may be provided between the first lens and the lens group consisting of at least one subsequent lens to limit the light beam and further improve the imaging quality of the optical system. The aperture stop facilitates increasing its aperture diameter to meet night vision requirements. The aperture stop can be positioned in other locations as needed.

[0094] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system according to this application may further include, as needed, a filter disposed between the condenser and the imaging surface to filter light of different wavelengths. The optical system according to this application may also include a protective glass disposed between the condenser and the imaging surface to prevent damage to the image-side elements (e.g., chips) of the optical system.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, each lens in the optical lens may have an aspherical mirror surface. An aspherical lens is characterized by a continuously changing curvature from its center to its periphery. Unlike a spherical lens, which has a constant curvature from its center to its periphery, an aspherical lens has superior curvature radius characteristics, offering advantages in improving distortion and astigmatism. By employing aspherical lenses, aberrations occurring during imaging can be eliminated as much as possible, thereby improving the system's image quality. The use of aspherical lenses helps correct system aberrations and improves resolving power.

[0096] The optical system according to the above embodiments of this application uses an optical lens in conjunction with a condenser. The optical lens, through the rational setting of the lens shape and optical power, achieves small distortion and small-angle emitted light, which the condenser then focuses onto the imaging surface. Simultaneously, the optical system also features small size, low sensitivity, and high production yield. For example, in the optical system of this application, the optical lens may only serve to compress a large field of view, while the actual imaging is performed by the condenser. Therefore, this optical system also features a small CRA (Cost Reduction Aspect Ratio), avoiding stray light from hitting the lens barrel at the rear of the emitted light, and can be well matched with automotive chips without causing color cast or vignetting. Furthermore, this optical system has advantages such as good temperature adaptability, minimal changes in imaging effect under high and low temperature environments, stable image quality, and facilitates accurate distance measurement in binocular systems.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, the first lens through the last subsequent lens in the optical lens of the optical system can all be made of glass. Optical lenses made of glass can suppress the shift of the back focus of the optical system due to temperature changes, thereby improving system stability. At the same time, using glass can avoid image blurring caused by high and low temperature changes in the operating environment, thus preventing the system from affecting normal operation. Specifically, when image quality and reliability are of paramount importance, the first lens and at least one subsequent lens can both be aspherical glass lenses. Of course, in applications where temperature stability requirements are lower, the lenses in the optical lens can also be made entirely of plastic. Using plastic to make optical lenses can effectively reduce manufacturing costs.

[0098] However, those skilled in the art will understand that the number of lenses constituting the lens can be varied to obtain the various results and advantages described herein without departing from the technical solutions claimed in this application. For example, although two or three lenses have been described as examples in the embodiments, the optical lens of this optical system is not limited to including two or three lenses. If desired, the optical system may also include other numbers of lenses.

[0099] Specific embodiments of the optical system applicable to the above-described embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0100] Example 1

[0101] The following is for reference Figures 1 to 3 The optical system according to Embodiment 1 of this application is described. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical system according to Embodiment 1 of this application is shown. Figure 1 The left side can be the object side, and the right side can be the image side.

[0102] like Figure 1 As shown, the optical system includes an optical lens 1 and a compound parabolic condenser 2 in sequence along the optical axis from the object side to the image side.

[0103] The optical lens 1 includes a first lens L1 and a second lens L2 sequentially along the optical axis from the object side to the image side. The second lens L2 is the subsequent lens located on the image side of the first lens L1.

[0104] The first lens L1 is a meniscus lens with negative optical power, its object-side surface S1 is convex, and its image-side surface S2 is concave. The second lens L2 is a meniscus lens with positive optical power, its object-side surface S3 is concave, and its image-side surface S4 is convex. Exemplarily, the optical system may include an aperture stop, which may be disposed between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2.

[0105] The inner surface of the composite parabolic condenser 2 can reflect light, so its light inlet 201 can be configured as an opening, and its light outlet 202 on the image side can also be configured as an opening. In this embodiment, there can be a gap between the imaging surface and the light outlet 202, and an image sensor chip (IMA) can be disposed on the imaging surface. Light from the object passes sequentially through each surface S1 to S4 and is finally imaged on the imaging surface by the composite parabolic condenser 2.

[0106] Table 1 shows the central radius of curvature R, thickness T (it should be understood that the thickness T in the row where S1 is located is the central thickness T1 of the first lens L1, the thickness T in the row where S2 is located is the air gap d12 between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2, and so on), refractive index Nd, and Abbe number Vd of each lens in the optical system of Embodiment 1.

[0107]

[0108] Table 1

[0109] In Embodiment 1, the object-side surface S1 and image-side surface S2 of the first lens L1, as well as the object-side surface S3 and image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2, can all be aspherical surfaces. The surface shape x of each aspherical lens can be defined using, but is not limited to, the following aspherical formula:

[0110]

[0111] Where x is the distance vector from the vertex of the aspherical surface at a height of h along the optical axis; c is the paraxial curvature of the aspherical surface, c = 1 / R (i.e., the paraxial curvature c is the reciprocal of the radius of curvature R in Table 1 above); k is the conic coefficient; Ai is the i-th order correction coefficient of the aspherical surface. Table 2 below gives the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14 and A16 that can be used for each aspherical mirror S1, S2, S3 and S4 in Example 1.

[0112] Face number k A4 A6 A8 S1 3.6468 -4.8354E-06 -5.7522E-07 3.6948E-09 S2 0.1092 2.5942E-03 5.0526E-04 4.4867E-06 S3 5.1989 5.7715E-05 -4.9565E-06 2.5183E-06 S4 0.2330 -1.1049E-04 -3.1577E-05 -1.0769E-06 Face number A10 A12 A14 A16 S1 1.2314E-10 1.9034E-12 3.29338E-13 9.3063E-15 S2 2.0779E-08 -1.1313E-10 5.11722E-11 1.70279E-12 S3 8.4502E-08 -1.2427E-08 3.57353E-09 -2.89851E-10 S4 -1.6225E-06 1.2374E-07 3.51722E-09 -2.5891E-10

[0113] Table 2

[0114] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The total length TTL1 of the optical lens 1 along the optical axis is the distance between the intersection of the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 and the optical axis and the intersection of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 and the optical axis. In this embodiment, the optical power F1 of the first lens L1 is -7.366mm, and the optical power F of the second lens L2 is 13.900mm. The total effective focal length F of the optical lens 1 is 86.590mm, the entrance pupil diameter ENPD is 3.500mm, the maximum field of view FOV is 100.000°, its radian value φ1 is 1.75, half of the maximum field of view θ1 is 50°, and the maximum aperture D1 corresponding to the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 and the maximum field of view FOV is 10.720mm.

[0115] Figure 3 The upper middle side is the object side, the lower side is the image side, and the optical axis is the Z direction as shown in the figure. The compound parabolic condenser 2 has an intersection line 21 in the longitudinal section passing through the optical axis. The intersection line 21 is parabolic in shape. One of the intersection lines 21 on the compound parabolic condenser 2 is a segment intercepted from the parabola. Specifically, the focus of this parabola is located at the first edge point O on the image side of the compound parabolic condenser 2. For example, the focus of the other intersection line opposite to the intersection line 21 is located at the second edge point O'. The plane perpendicular to the optical axis where the first edge point O and the second edge point O' are located is the focal plane of the compound parabolic condenser 2, which can be regarded as the image side of the compound parabolic condenser 2. Based on this focal plane, the plane at a distance of TTL2 in the object side direction is the object side of the compound parabolic condenser 2, and thus the segment intercepted by the object side and the image side of the compound parabolic condenser 2 on the parabola is the intersection line 21. For example, the inner surface of the composite parabolic concentrator 2 can be obtained by rotating the intersection line 21 about the Z-axis.

[0116] Specifically, half of the maximum field of view of the composite parabolic concentrator 2, i.e., the angle between the ray Lt and the optical axis, is θ2. Figure 3 In the plane shown, light rays incident on the composite parabolic concentrator 2 at an angle θ2 / -θ2 to the optical axis are reflected by the inner surface of the composite parabolic concentrator 2 and exit at the second edge point O' / first edge point O. Light rays incident on the composite parabolic concentrator 2 at an angle less than θ2 will exit in the region between the second edge point O' and the first edge point O on the image side.

[0117] The total aperture of the entrance port 201 on the object side of the compound parabolic condenser 2 is D2, and the total aperture of the exit port 202, which is also the diameter of the exit port on the image side of the compound parabolic condenser 2, is H. The distance on the optical axis between the entrance port 201 and the exit port 202 of the compound parabolic condenser 2 is TTL2, and half of the maximum field of view of the compound parabolic condenser 2, i.e., the angle between the ray Lt and the optical axis, is θ2. The compound parabolic condenser 2 satisfies the following relationship:

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] The full aperture H of the light-emitting port 202 can satisfy: 0.1mm ≤ H ≤ 20mm, and half of the maximum field of view θ2 of the compound parabolic condenser 2 can satisfy: θ2 < 90°. In this embodiment, the full aperture H of the light-emitting port 202 can be 3.5mm, half of the maximum field of view θ2 of the compound parabolic condenser 2 is 20°, and its radian value φ2 is 0.349. The total optical length TTL2 of the compound parabolic condenser 2 is 18.866mm, and the full aperture D2 of the image side is 10.233mm.

[0121] The distance TTL between the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 and the image side surface of the compound parabolic condenser 2 on the optical axis is 28.796 mm.

[0122] This optical system produces high-quality images, and the combination of the optical lens and condenser enables miniaturization while collecting light from a large field of view.

[0123] Example 2

[0124] The following is for reference Figures 4 to 6 An optical system according to Embodiment 2 of this application is described. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical system according to Embodiment 2 of this application is shown. Figure 4 The left side is the object side, and the right side is the image side.

[0125] like Figure 4 As shown, the optical system includes an optical lens 1 and a compound parabolic condenser 2 in sequence along the optical axis from the object side to the image side.

[0126] The optical lens 1 includes a first lens group 11 and a second lens group 12 sequentially along the optical axis from the object side to the image side. Specifically, the first lens group 11 includes only the first lens L1. The second lens group 12 includes a second lens L2 and a third lens L3 sequentially along the optical axis from the object side to the image side. The second lens L2 and the third lens L3 are subsequent lenses located on the image side of the first lens L1.

[0127] The first lens L1 is a meniscus lens with negative optical power, its object-side surface S1 is convex, and its image-side surface S2 is concave. The second lens L2 is a meniscus lens with positive optical power, its object-side surface S3 is concave, and its image-side surface S4 is convex. The third lens L3 is a meniscus lens with positive optical power, its object-side surface S5 is concave, and its image-side surface S6 is convex. The first lens group 11 has negative optical power, and the second lens group 12 has positive optical power.

[0128] For example, the optical system may include an aperture stop, which may be disposed between the first lens group 11 and the second lens group 12. For example, the aperture stop may be disposed between the second lens L2 and the third lens L3.

[0129] The inner surface of the composite parabolic condenser 2 can reflect light, therefore its light inlet 201 can be configured as an opening, and its light outlet 202 on the image side can also be configured as an opening. In this embodiment, there can be a gap between the imaging surface and the light outlet 202, and an image sensor chip (IMA) can be disposed on the imaging surface. Light from the object passes sequentially through each surface S1 to S6 and is finally imaged on the imaging surface by the composite parabolic condenser 2.

[0130] Table 3 shows the central radius of curvature R, thickness T, refractive index Nd, and Abbe number Vd of each lens in the optical system of Example 2.

[0131]

[0132] Table 3

[0133] In this embodiment, the mirror surface of each lens can be spherical. Exemplarily, it can also be aspherical. The total length TTL1 of the optical lens 1 along the optical axis is the distance between the intersection of the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 and the optical axis and the intersection of the image-side surface S6 of the third lens L3 and the optical axis. In this embodiment, the optical power F1 of the first lens L1 is -7.640 mm, the optical power F21 of the second lens L2 is 14.270 mm, and the optical power F22 of the third lens L3 is 174.910 mm. The optical power F2 of the second lens group 2 is 16.530 mm. The total effective focal length F of optical lens 1 is 64.400mm, the entrance pupil diameter ENPD is 3.500mm, the maximum field of view FOV is 100.000°, its radian value φ1 is 1.75, half of the maximum field of view θ1 is 50°, and the maximum aperture D1 of the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 corresponding to the maximum field of view FOV is 12.680mm.

[0134] In this embodiment, the image height H can be 3.5 mm, half of the maximum field of view θ2 of the compound parabolic condenser 2 is 20°, and its radian value φ2 is 0.349. The total optical length TTL2 of the compound parabolic condenser 2 is 18.866 mm, and the full aperture D2 of the image side is 10.233 mm. The inner surface shape of the compound parabolic condenser 2 can be the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0135] In optical system 1, the distance TTL between the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 and the image-side surface of the condenser on the optical axis is 35.129 mm. This optical system achieves high imaging quality, and the combination of the optical lens and condenser enables miniaturization while simultaneously collecting a large field of view.

[0136] In summary, Examples 1 and 2 satisfy the relationships shown in Table 4 below. In Table 4, the units of TTL, TTL1, TTL2, F, H, D1, D2, d, F1, F2, F21, F22, and ENPD are millimeters (mm), and the units of FOV, θ1, and θ2 are degrees (°).

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] Table 4

[0140] This application also provides an electronic device that may include an optical system according to the above embodiments of this application and an imaging element for converting an optical image formed by the optical system into an electrical signal. Exemplarily, the electronic device includes an imaging element disposed on the imaging surface of the optical system. Optionally, the imaging element disposed on the imaging surface may be a photosensitive coupling element (CCD) or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor element (CMOS).

[0141] The electronic device can be a standalone electronic device, such as a range detector, or an imaging module integrated into a range detector. Furthermore, the electronic device can also be a standalone imaging device, such as an in-vehicle camera, or an imaging module integrated into a driver assistance system.

[0142] like Figure 7 As shown, this application provides a method 1000 for manufacturing an optical system. The method 1000 includes the following steps.

[0143] In step S101, a first lens with negative optical power and at least one subsequent lens are sequentially arranged along the optical axis from the object side to the image side. The combined optical power of the at least one subsequent lens is positive, and together with the first lens, they form an optical lens.

[0144] In step S102, a condenser is disposed on the image side of at least one subsequent lens along the optical axis. The condenser is used to converge the light incident through the optical lens onto the imaging surface.

[0145] This application does not limit the order of steps S101 and S102. Exemplarily, the installation order of at least one subsequent lens in step S101 is also not limited. After the optical system is assembled, the optical lens and the condenser can cooperate well. The optical lens is used to collect light with a large field of view and transmits the light to the imaging plane through the condenser. This method is used to manufacture a miniaturized optical system with good imaging performance.

[0146] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. Optical system, characterized in that sequentially include, along the optical axis from the object side to the image side: an optical lens and a parabolic condenser; the optical lens includes a first lens and at least one subsequent lens; wherein the first lens has a negative focal power; the combined focal power of the at least one subsequent lens is positive; and the parabolic condenser is configured to converge light incident via the optical lens onto a detector chip disposed at an imaging plane, the entrance aperture of the parabolic condenser has a larger diameter than the exit aperture of the parabolic condenser; The radian numerical value of a maximum field of view FOV of the optical lens 1. The optical lens has a total focal length F, and the parabolic condenser has an image-side light outlet diameter H, and the following condition is satisfied: 25 ≤ (1 x F) / H ≤ 43.1794.

1. The optical lens has a total focal length F, and the parabolic condenser has an image-side light outlet diameter H, and the following condition is satisfied: 25 ≤ (1 x F) / H ≤ 43.1794.

2. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the object side surface of the first lens is convex, and the image side surface of the first lens is concave.

3. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the at least one subsequent lens includes a second lens, the second lens has a positive focal power, the object side surface of the second lens is concave, and the image side surface of the second lens is convex.

4. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the at least one subsequent lens includes a second lens and a third lens disposed sequentially along the optical axis from the object side to the image side; the second lens has a positive focal power, the object side surface of the second lens is concave, and the image side surface of the second lens is convex. the third lens has a positive focal power, the object side surface of the third lens is concave, and the image side surface of the third lens is convex.

5. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the total focal length value F of the optical lens and the entrance pupil diameter ENPD of the optical lens satisfy: 3≤F / EPND≤24.7400.

6. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance TTL1 on the optical axis from the object side surface of the first lens to the image side surface of the lens closest to the image side among the at least one subsequent lens and the total focal length value F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.1147≤TTL1 / F≤0.

85.

7. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the distance TTL1 on the optical axis from the object side surface of the first lens to the image side surface of the lens closest to the image side among the at least one subsequent lens and the distance TTL on the optical axis from the object side surface of the first lens to the image side surface of the parabolic condenser satisfy: 0.3448≤TTL1 / TTL≤0.

8.

8. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The maximum light passing full aperture D1 corresponding to the maximum field angle of view of the optical lens, the light exit port diameter H of the image side of the parabolic condenser, and the distance TTL from the object side of the first lens to the imaging surface on the optical axis satisfy: 1.2633mm≤D1 H / TTL≤2mm.

9. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, the distance TTL on the optical axis from the object side surface of the first lens to the image side surface of the parabolic condenser, the exit aperture diameter H of the image side surface of the parabolic condenser, and the maximum field of view FOV of the optical lens satisfy: 0.0823 / °≤TTL / H / FOV≤0.35 / °.

10. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, A radian value of a distance TTL on the optical axis from an object side surface of the first lens to an image side surface of the parabolic condenser, an exit pupil diameter H of the image side surface of the parabolic condenser, and a maximum field angle FOV of the optical lens 1 satisfies: 4.7140 ≤ TTL / H 1 ≤ 8.

11. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, the maximum light passing full aperture D1 corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens and the object side surface of the first lens, the exit aperture diameter H of the image side surface of the parabolic condenser, and the maximum field of view FOV of the optical lens satisfy: 0.0306 / °≤D1 / H / FOV≤0.1 / °.

12. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The maximum light passing full aperture D1 corresponding to the maximum field of view angle of the optical lens of the first lens three-dimensional object side surface, the light outlet diameter H of the image side surface of the parabolic condenser, and the radian numerical value of the maximum field of view angle FOV of the optical lens 1 satisfies: 1.7549≤D1 / H / 1≤3.

5.

13. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The maximum field angle of the optical lens, the maximum light passing full aperture D1 corresponding to the object side of the first lens, the light outlet diameter H of the image side of the parabolic condenser, and the overall focal length value F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.0354 mm -1 ≤D1 / H / F≤0.1 mm -1 .

14. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, the exit aperture diameter H of the image side surface of the parabolic condenser and the maximum light passing full aperture D1 corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens at the object side surface of the first lens satisfy: 0.1≤H / D1≤0.3265.

15. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, the parabolic condenser is a compound parabolic condenser; The full aperture D2 of the object side of the compound parabolic concentrator, the entrance pupil diameter ENPD of the optical lens, the combined focal length F2 of the at least one subsequent lens, and the effective focal length F1 of the first lens satisfy: 0 mm ≤ D2 / 2 - ENPD < 1.8143 mm. F2 / F1 / 2≤1.8143mm.

16. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, the parabolic condenser is a compound parabolic condenser; The effective focal length F1 of the first lens, half of the maximum field angle θ1 of the optical lens, the combined focal length F2 of the at least one subsequent lens, and the maximum half field angle θ2 of the compound parabolic concentrator satisfy: 0 mm < F1 < 3.7193 mm tan θ1 - F2 < 0.0000 mm tan θ2 < 3.7193 mm.

17. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, the parabolic condenser is a compound parabolic condenser; The full aperture D2 of the object side of the compound parabolic concentrator, the combined focal length F2 of the at least one subsequent lens, and the maximum half field angle θ2 of the compound parabolic concentrator satisfy: 0 mm ≤ D2 - F2 < 5.1741 mm tan θ2 ≤ 5.1741 mm.

18. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, the effective focal length F1 of the first lens and the total focal length value F of the optical lens satisfy: -0.3≤F1 / F≤-0.0851.

19. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, the combined focal length F2 of the at least one subsequent lens and the total focal length value F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.05≤F2 / F≤0.2567.

20. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The maximum field of view angle of the optical lens, a maximum light passing full aperture D1 corresponding to the object side of the first lens, a light emitting port diameter H of the image side of the parabolic condenser, and the maximum field of view angle FOV of the optical lens satisfy: 0.3752 / °≤D1 H / FOV≤0.9 / °.

21. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The parabolic condenser is a compound parabolic condenser; The effective focal length F1 of the first lens, half of the maximum field angle θ1 of the optical lens, the combined focal length F2 of the at least one subsequent lens, and the maximum half field angle θ2 of the compound parabolic concentrator satisfy: 1≤|F1 tanθ1 / F2 tanθ2|≤2.6496.

22. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The parabolic condenser is a compound parabolic condenser; The full aperture D2 of the object side of the compound parabolic concentrator, the entrance pupil diameter ENPD of the optical lens, the combined focal length F2 of the at least one subsequent lens, and the effective focal length F1 of the first lens satisfy: 1≤(D2 / 2) / ((ENPD / 2) |F2 / F1|)≤6.3260.

23. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The parabolic condenser is a compound parabolic condenser; The full aperture D2 of the object side of the compound parabolic concentrator, the combined focal length F2 of the at least one subsequent lens, and the maximum half field angle θ2 of the compound parabolic concentrator satisfy: 1≤D2 / F2 tan θ2≤2.0227.

24. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The parabolic condenser is a compound parabolic condenser; The full aperture D2 of the object side of the compound parabolic concentrator, the total focal length value F of the optical lens, and half of the maximum field angle θ1 of the optical lens satisfy: 0.0992≤D2 / F tanθ1≤0.

2.

25. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The parabolic condenser is a compound parabolic condenser; The full aperture D2 of the object side of the compound parabolic condenser and the total focal length value F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.1182≤D2 / F≤0.

25.

26. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The distance d on the optical axis from the image side of the lens closest to the imaging surface in the at least one subsequent lens to the object side of the parabolic condenser and the distance TTL on the optical axis from the object side of the first lens to the image side of the parabolic condenser satisfy: -0.07≤d / TTL≤0.

14.

27. The optical system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The optical system satisfies any one of the following conditional expressions: 18.4000≤F / EPND≤24.7400, 0.1147≤TTL1 / F≤0.2525, 0.3448≤TTL1 / TTL≤0.4630, 1.2633 mm < D1 H / TTL < 1.3030 mm, 0.0823 / °≤TTL / H / FOV≤0.1004 / °, 4.71 40 < TTL / H 1 < 5.7507, 0.0306 / °≤D1 / H / FOV≤0.05 / °, 1.7549 < D1 / H 1 < 2.0757, 32.1141 ≤ (H - 1) × F) / H ≤ 43.1794, 1 × F) / H ≤ 43.1794, 0.0354 mm -1 ≤ D1 / H / F ≤ 0.0563 mm -1 , 0.2760≤H / D1≤0.3265, 1.3303 mm < D2 / 2 - ENPD F2 / F1 / 2 < 1.8143 mm, 3.0886 mm < F1 tan θ1 - F2 tan θ2 < 3.7193 mm, 4. 2169 mm < D2 - F2 tan θ2≤ 5.1741 mm, -0.1186≤F1 / F≤-0.0851, 0.1605≤F2 / F≤0.2567, 0.3752 / °≤D1 H / FOV≤0.4438 / °, 2.3109 ≤ |F1 tan θ1 / F2 tan θ2| ≤ 2.6496, 1.5494 ≤ (D2 / 2) / ((ENPD / 2) |F2 / F1|) ≤ 6.3260, 1.7009 < D2 / F2 tan θ2 < 2.0227, 0.0992 < D2 / F tan θ1 < 0.16, 0.1182≤D2 / F≤0.2, -0.035≤d / TTL≤0.07, TTL1 is the distance on the optical axis from the object side surface of the first lens to the image side surface of the lens closest to the image side among the at least one subsequent lens, F is the total focal length value of the optical lens, TTL is the distance on the optical axis from the object side surface of the first lens to the image side surface of the parabolic condenser, ENPD is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical lens, D1 is the maximum light passing full aperture of the object side surface of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view angle of the optical lens, H is the light outlet diameter of the image side surface of the parabolic condenser, FOV is the maximum field of view angle of the optical lens, 1 is the radian value of the maximum field of view angle FOV of the optical lens, the parabolic condenser is a compound parabolic condenser; D2 is the full aperture of the object side surface of the compound parabolic condenser, F2 is the combined focal length of the at least one subsequent lens, F1 is the effective focal length of the first lens, θ1 is half of the maximum field of view angle of the optical lens, θ2 is the maximum half field of view angle of the compound parabolic condenser, and d is the distance on the optical axis from the image side surface of the lens closest to the imaging surface among the at least one subsequent lens to the object side surface of the parabolic condenser.

28. The optical system of claim 4, wherein, The optical system satisfies any one of the following conditional expressions: 0.2216≥F21 / F≥0.2, 2.7160≥F22 / F≥0.2, 0.2285≤R2 / R1≤0.4, 0.5≤R4 / R3≤1.5, 0.5≤R6 / R5≤1.5, wherein F21 is the effective focal length of the second lens, F22 is the effective focal length of the third lens, R1 is the curvature radius of the object side of the first lens, R2 is the curvature radius of the image side of the first lens, R3 is the curvature radius of the object side of the second lens, R4 is the curvature radius of the image side of the second lens, R5 is the curvature radius of the object side of the third lens, and R6 is the curvature radius of the image side of the third lens.

29. An electronic device, comprising: An imaging element for converting an optical image formed by the optical system into an electric signal.

30. A method of manufacturing an optical system, characterized by, An imaging element for converting an optical image formed by the optical system into an electric signal. In sequence from the object side to the image side along the optical axis, a first lens with negative optical power and at least one subsequent lens are arranged, wherein the combined optical power of the at least one subsequent lens is positive and forms an optical lens with the first lens; and A parabolic condenser is arranged on the image side of the at least one subsequent lens along the optical axis, wherein the parabolic condenser is used to converge light incident through the optical lens onto a detector chip arranged on an imaging surface, the aperture of the light inlet of the parabolic condenser is greater than the aperture of the light outlet of the parabolic condenser; The radian numerical value of the maximum field of view FOV of the optical lens 1. The entire focal length value F of the optical lens and the light outlet diameter H of the image side of the parabolic condenser satisfy: 25 ≤ (F / H) ≤ 43.1794. 1×F) / H≤43.1794.

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