A method and apparatus for optimizing the crosswind stability of high-speed trains

Abstract

This invention provides an optimization method for the crosswind stability of high-speed trains. Airbags are arranged on the side walls of the high-speed train body. When the train encounters a crosswind, the airbags on the leeward side of the body are rapidly inflated, expanding to a flattened circular cross-section. This improves the airflow vortex structure on the leeward side, reducing the lateral force on the train. Simultaneously, the airbags increase the aerodynamic lift, ultimately reducing the overturning moment. This invention breaks through the traditional anti-overturning approach for high-speed trains by rapidly forming a rigid-flexible energy-matched airbag system to alter the flow field structure on the leeward side of the body. This achieves multi-level control of the train's aerodynamic lateral force and lift, resulting in improved anti-overturning performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-speed train operation safety, and in particular to a method and apparatus for optimizing the crosswind stability of high-speed trains. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the operating speed of high-speed trains in my country ranges from 200 km / h to 400 km / h, with most falling within the 300 km / h to 350 km / h range. When trains travel at high speeds, they are affected by varying wind conditions. In strong winds, the flow field around the high-speed train changes significantly, lateral forces and lift increase dramatically, generating a large overturning moment, reducing the train's operational safety and stability, and making it highly susceptible to overturning and train accidents. To improve the aerodynamic performance of trains in strong winds, the main measures currently adopted are: (1) optimizing the train's aerodynamic shape, (2) constructing windbreaks, and (3) limiting speed. Among these, optimizing the train's shape has the characteristics of a long cycle and high manufacturing cost, and is only used for new train development; constructing windbreaks can increase the train's operating speed in windy areas, but requires a large investment of manpower, material resources, and financial resources; speed-limited train operation management methods can ensure the safety of train operation in windy areas, but greatly reduce the train's carrying capacity. Therefore, it is urgent to find a simple and feasible method that does not change the aerodynamic shape of the train as much as possible to reduce the overturning moment of high-speed trains in crosswind environments and improve the safety of train operation in crosswinds. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology by providing an airbag structure. This structure alters the flow field structure on the leeward side of the high-speed train under strong wind conditions, thereby increasing the pressure on the leeward side and reducing the lateral pressure difference of the train body, thus reducing lateral forces. Simultaneously, the additional lift provided by the leeward side airbag generates a reverse overturning moment, mitigating the overturning moment generated by strong winds, thereby achieving an anti-overturning design for the train.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an optimization method for the crosswind stability of high-speed trains. Airbags are arranged on the side walls of the high-speed train body. When the high-speed train encounters a crosswind environment during operation, the airbags on the leeward side of the body are rapidly inflated and opened, expanding the airbags into a flattened oval shape. This improves the airflow vortex structure on the leeward side of the train to reduce the lateral force of the high-speed train, while increasing the aerodynamic lift of the high-speed train, ultimately reducing the overturning moment of the high-speed train.

[0005] Furthermore, when a high-speed train encounters a crosswind environment during operation, the airbags on the windward side of the train body remain in a contracted state.

[0006] The present invention also provides an optimization device for crosswind stability of high-speed trains, which adopts the optimization method for crosswind stability of high-speed trains as described above, including airbags, which are installed on both sides of the high-speed train body, and the airbags can expand into a flat round shape after positive pressure inflation.

[0007] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided on the side of the vehicle body, and part of the airbag is fixed in the mounting groove. The airbag is connected to a pneumatic control system, which is used to inflate the airbag and deflate the airbag.

[0008] Furthermore, the airbag is directly installed on the side of the vehicle body.

[0009] Furthermore, the airbag includes a fixed surface and a deformable surface. The fixed surface is used to install and fix the airbag, and the deformable surface is used to stretch and deform, changing the shape of the airbag.

[0010] Furthermore, the pneumatic control system includes an air pump, an electromagnetic reversing valve, an electrical control circuit, and an air pipe. The air pump is connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve through the air pipe, and the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the airbag through the air pipe. The electromagnetic reversing valve is used to switch the connection state between the air pump and the airbag, and the connection state between the airbag and the outside world. The electrical control circuit is used to connect the electromagnetic reversing valve to the vehicle control center.

[0011] Furthermore, the electronic control circuit is also equipped with an electronic emergency switch, which is used to disconnect the electromagnetic reversing valve from the vehicle control center and reset the electromagnetic reversing valve, so that the airbag can quickly deflate and retract into the vehicle body.

[0012] Furthermore, the electromagnetic reversing valve is also equipped with a silencer and a manual control handle. The silencer is used to silence and discharge the air in the airbag, and the manual control handle is used to manually switch the connection state of the electromagnetic reversing valve.

[0013] The above-described solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The optimization and device for crosswind stability of high-speed trains provided by this invention breaks through the traditional approach to anti-tipping of high-speed trains. By rapidly forming a rigid-flexible energy-matched airbag, it changes the flow field structure on the leeward side of the train body, achieving multi-level control of the train's aerodynamic lateral force and lift, thus realizing the anti-tipping effect of high-speed trains. The expansion and contraction of the airbag structure are completed by the material itself, without the need for complex mechanisms or lateral telescopic mechanisms on the side of the train body. The aerodynamic control system can be arranged inside the train body, thus having a more significant reliability advantage, and the replacement and maintenance of the airbag is more convenient. The airbag is made of a stretchable soft material, which has a significantly improved impact resistance compared to structures made of rigid materials, and will not produce fragments that cause secondary damage to the train after rupture.

[0015] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the airbag mounting structure of the device of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front view of the airbag mounting structure of the device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the airbag and the pneumatic control system of the device of the present invention.

[0019] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0020] 1. Airbag; 2. Vehicle body; 3. Fixed surface; 4. Deformable surface; 5. Air pump; 6. Electromagnetic reversing valve; 7. Electrically controlled emergency switch; 8. Electrical control circuit; 9. Air pipe; 10. Silencer; 11. Manual control handle. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this disclosure from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, and not all of them. This disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0022] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this disclosure, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0023] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are merely schematic representations of the basic concept of this disclosure. The drawings only show components relevant to this disclosure and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape, and size of the components in implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity, and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout may be more complex. Furthermore, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the described aspects can be practiced without these specific details.

[0024] This invention provides an optimization method for the crosswind stability of high-speed trains. By using airbags arranged on both sides of the train body, when the train encounters a crosswind, the airbags on the leeward side of the train are rapidly inflated and expanded into a structure with a flattened circular cross-section and an elongated shape along its length. On one hand, the presence of the airbags improves the airflow vortex structure on the leeward side, reducing the lateral force on the high-speed train. On the other hand, the formation of the airbags increases the lift of the high-speed train. The combined aerodynamic effects of lateral force and lift reduce the overturning moment of the high-speed train.

[0025] At this time, the airbag on the windward side does not expand and retracts into the vehicle body to disable it, while the airbag on the leeward side expands and continues to operate normally, changing the airflow on the leeward side of the vehicle body to reduce lateral force, generate lift, and form a counter-torque, ensuring the effect of counteracting the crosswind torque.

[0026] It should be noted that when the airbag is not in use, it retracts and rests on the sides of the high-speed train body under its own elasticity, hardly protruding from the side walls, and therefore does not affect the normal operation of the high-speed train. Obviously, the cross-sectional dimensions (mainly the lateral dimensions) of the inflated airbag should not be too small; if they are too small, they may not achieve the effect of changing the airflow on the leeward side and generating significant lift. Therefore, the airbag material needs to be a material with a high coefficient of elasticity to ensure that the cross-sectional dimensions are appropriate when the airbag is deployed. At the same time, the airbag also needs to maintain a certain strength during high-speed train operation to maintain its working state and avoid failure; therefore, the material also needs to be of sufficient strength. In short, the airbag material needs to ensure both elasticity and strength, and those skilled in the art can make a comprehensive selection based on actual test results.

[0027] The airbag structure, where expansion and contraction are achieved solely by the material itself, eliminates the need for complex mechanisms and lateral telescopic mechanisms on the sides of the vehicle. The pneumatic control system can be integrated within the vehicle body, resulting in significantly higher reliability and easier airbag replacement and maintenance. Furthermore, because the airbag is made of stretchable, soft material, its impact resistance is greatly improved compared to structures made of rigid materials, and it does not produce fragments that could cause secondary damage to the train upon rupture.

[0028] The following specific case further illustrates the function of airbags:

[0029] The function of the airbags was verified through numerical simulation. The simulation model used a three-car high-speed train with a combined train speed and wind speed of 45 m / s and a sideslip angle of 20°. The calculation results are shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3. Tables 1, 2, and 3 show that when the airbags on the leeward side of the high-speed train deploy, they alter the train's aerodynamic lateral force and lift, effectively reducing the overturning moment coefficient and improving crosswind stability. The effect is optimal when the airbags are positioned higher, reducing the lateral force coefficient by 16.3%, increasing the lift coefficient by 15.6%, and reducing the overall overturning moment coefficient by 23.2%.

[0030] The formulas for calculating the aerodynamic coefficient and the aerodynamic moment coefficient are as follows:

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] In the formula: C Fi It is the aerodynamic coefficient, C M It is the aerodynamic torque coefficient, F i ρ is the aerodynamic force in the i-direction, M is the overturning moment, and ρ is the air density, taken as 1.225 kg / m³. 3v is the combined speed of the train and the wind, taken as 45 m / s, and A0 is the standard reference area, A0 = 10.84 m². 2 d0 is the characteristic length, d0 = 3.26m.

[0034] Table 1: Calculation results of aerodynamic forces and overturning moment under the airbag centering condition

[0035] Aerodynamic load Lateral force coefficient Lift coefficient Overturning moment coefficient Airbag-free train 3.61 3.79 1.85 Trains equipped with airbags (airbags in the center) 3.38 4.25 1.63 Optimization effect 6.4％ -12.1％ 11.9％

[0036] Table 2: Calculation results of aerodynamic forces and overturning moment under the upper airbag operating condition

[0037] Aerodynamic load Lateral force coefficient Lift coefficient Overturning moment coefficient Airbag-free train 3.61 3.79 1.85 Trains equipped with airbags (airbags are positioned slightly above the ground). 3.02 4.38 1.42 Optimization effect 16.3％ -15.6％ 23.2％

[0038] Table 3: Calculation results of aerodynamic forces and overturning moment under the airbag downhill condition

[0039] Aerodynamic load Lateral force coefficient Lift coefficient Overturning moment coefficient Airbag-free train 3.61 3.79 1.85 Trains equipped with airbags (airbags positioned slightly lower). 3.49 3.26 1.79 Optimization effect 3.3％ 14.0％ 3.2％

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment also provides a device for crosswind stability of high-speed trains, including an airbag 1. The airbag 1 can expand into a flat circular cross-section and an overall elongated shape after being inflated under positive pressure. The airbag 1 improves the airflow vortex structure on the leeward side of the train to reduce the lateral force of the high-speed train. At the same time, the airbag increases the aerodynamic lift of the high-speed train and reduces the overturning moment of the high-speed train.

[0041] Among them, airbag 1 is made of stretchable soft material, which has a significantly improved impact resistance compared to structures made of hard materials, and will not produce fragments that would cause secondary damage to the train after rupture.

[0042] The side of the vehicle body 2 has a mounting groove for installing the airbag 1. A portion of the airbag 1 is fixed in the mounting groove, and the airbag 1 is connected to the pneumatic control system, such as... Figure 3 As shown. When the pneumatic control system generates positive pressure to inflate airbag 1, airbag 1 expands into a preset shape to improve the airflow field on the leeward side of the vehicle body. When the pneumatic control system reduces the air pressure, airbag 1 will contract under its own elastic restoring force to expel internal air, reduce its volume, and shrink into the mounting slot. It will hardly protrude from the side wall of the vehicle body 2, thus not affecting the normal operation of the high-speed train, that is, it will not affect the aerodynamic effect on both sides when the high-speed train is running normally.

[0043] It should be noted that the airbag 1 can be directly fixed to the side of the vehicle body 2 without the installation slot. When the airbag contracts, the lateral dimension it occupies on the side of the vehicle body 2 is limited, and the aerodynamic impact is small, so the purpose of stable installation can be achieved.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the airbag 1 provided in this example has a fixed surface 3 and a deformable surface 4. The fixed surface 3 is used to fix it to the mounting groove or the side wall of the vehicle body 2 to fix the airbag 1 as a whole. The fixed surface 3 can be made of a stretchable material integrated with the deformable surface 4, or it can be made of a higher strength, non-stretchable material to ensure the reliability of the overall installation of the airbag 1. During the inflation and deflation process of the airbag 1, the fixed surface 3 does not need to stretch or contract, and the deformable surface 4 completes the stretching and contraction to change the shape of the airbag 1 through material deformation.

[0045] In this embodiment, the pneumatic control system includes an air pump 5, an electromagnetic reversing valve 6, an electrically controlled emergency switch 7, an electrical control circuit 8, and an air pipe 9. The air pump 5 is connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve 6 via the air pipe 9, and the electromagnetic reversing valve 6 is connected to the airbag 1 via the air pipe 9. The electromagnetic reversing valve 6 is also equipped with a silencer 10 and a manual control handle 11.

[0046] When the train is operating normally, air pump 5 is in standby mode, maintaining the pressure in its own air tank within a preset range, and airbag 1 is not inflated at this time. When encountering crosswinds, the vehicle control center transmits a signal through the electrical control line 8 to control the solenoid reversing valve 6 to switch the connection between airbag 1 and air pump 5. Gas from the air pump 5's own air tank enters airbag 1 through air pipe 9, causing airbag 1 to inflate and deform into the required shape to achieve the working state. After the crosswinds end, the electrical control line 8 transmits a signal to control the solenoid reversing valve 6 to switch the connection between airbag 1 and muffler 10. Gas in airbag 1 is discharged through muffler 10 under the action of airbag 1's own contraction force to reduce exhaust noise and improve passenger comfort.

[0047] In the event of a malfunction in the vehicle control center, the solenoid valve 6 can be disconnected from the vehicle control center via the electronic emergency switch 7, and the solenoid valve 6 can be forcibly switched to the airbag 1 deflation state to stop the airbag 1 from operating. Furthermore, in an emergency, after the electronic emergency switch 7 disconnects the solenoid valve 6 from the vehicle control center, the airbag 1 can be switched between operating and deactivation states using the manual control handle 11. The manual control handle 11 serves as a backup device for the electronic emergency switch 7, improving the overall reliability of the system.

[0048] Therefore, the entire pneumatic control system can be arranged inside the car body 2, with only the end of the air pipe 9 connected to the airbag 1, which can ensure the stability and reliability of the pneumatic control system during high-speed train operation.

[0049] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing cross-wind stability of a high-speed train, characterized in that, Airbags are installed on the side walls of the high-speed train. When the high-speed train encounters a crosswind environment, the airbags on the leeward side of the train body are quickly inflated and opened, so that the airbags expand into a flat circular cross-section. This improves the airflow vortex structure on the leeward side of the train to reduce the lateral force of the high-speed train, while increasing the aerodynamic lift of the high-speed train, and ultimately reducing the overturning moment of the high-speed train. When a high-speed train encounters a crosswind environment, the airbags on the windward side of the train body remain in a contracted state. An optimization device for crosswind stability of high-speed trains is adopted, including airbags installed on both sides of the high-speed train body. The airbags can expand into a flattened oval cross-section after being inflated under positive pressure.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The side of the vehicle body has a mounting groove, and part of the airbag is fixed in the mounting groove. The airbag is connected to a pneumatic control system, which is used to inflate the airbag and deflate the airbag.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The airbag is installed directly on the side of the vehicle body.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The airbag includes a fixed surface and a deformable surface. The fixed surface is used to install and fix the airbag, and the deformable surface is used to stretch and deform, changing the shape of the airbag.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: The pneumatic control system includes an air pump, an electromagnetic reversing valve, an electrical control circuit, and an air pipe. The air pump is connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve through the air pipe, and the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the airbag through the air pipe. The electromagnetic reversing valve is used to switch the connection state between the air pump and the airbag, and the connection state between the airbag and the outside world. The electrical control circuit is used to connect the electromagnetic reversing valve to the vehicle control center.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises: The electronic control circuit is also equipped with an electronic emergency switch, which is used to disconnect the electromagnetic reversing valve from the vehicle control center and reset the electromagnetic reversing valve, so that the airbag can quickly deflate and retract into the vehicle body.

7. The method for optimizing the crosswind stability of high-speed trains according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electromagnetic reversing valve is also equipped with a silencer and a manual control handle. The silencer is used to silence and discharge the air in the airbag, and the manual control handle is used to manually switch the connection state of the electromagnetic reversing valve.

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