A carotid artery pulsating blood flow simulation system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a carotid artery pulsating blood flow simulation system and method, relating to the field of clinical medical research. The system includes: a control motor controlling the reciprocating motion of a plunger inside a volumetric pump; a blood simulation fluid storage tank providing blood simulation fluid; a four-way valve for circulating the blood simulation fluid; and outputting the blood simulation fluid to a carotid artery physical phantom to simulate carotid artery pulsating blood flow. When the plunger reaches the endpoint of one end of the volumetric pump, its direction needs to be reversed. After the direction reversal, the flow rate at the other end of the volumetric pump instantaneously increases. The four-way valve controls the valve states of a first bidirectional flow valve and a second bidirectional flow valve to open the end of the volumetric pump with a high flow rate and block the end with a low flow rate. The flow rate of the blood simulation fluid in the four-way valve is stabilized instantaneously upon the plunger direction reversal. This invention reduces the interference of plunger reversal on blood flow, improves the stability of carotid artery blood flow, and enhances system robustness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of clinical medical research, and in particular to a carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system and method. Background Technology

[0002] With improved living standards and changes in dietary structure, arterial-related diseases caused by atherosclerosis have become a serious threat to public health. Atherosclerosis is a progressive, systemic disease that commonly affects large and medium-sized arteries such as the coronary arteries, vertebral arteries, and carotid arteries. These vessels have relatively large lumens, and long-term exposure to high-pressure blood flow damages the vessel walls, leading to local lipid accumulation, tissue fibrosis, and gradual calcium deposition, ultimately resulting in atherosclerosis and related diseases.

[0003] The coronary arteries, cerebral arteries, and carotid arteries are the three most dangerous areas of atherosclerosis in the human body. Arteriosclerosis of the coronary arteries easily leads to myocardial infarction; cerebral arteriosclerosis easily leads to cerebral hemorrhage; the carotid arteries are an important part of the circulatory system, the main pathway for blood to flow from the heart to the brain, delivering oxygen and nutrients to the brain and face. 80%-90% of the blood required by the brain is supplied by the carotid artery system. Arteriosclerosis of the carotid arteries can cause cerebral ischemia, which can range from mild dizziness and significant decline in cognitive ability to severe arterial blockage, leading to blindness or even death.

[0004] Studies have confirmed that the carotid artery is one of the earliest sites of arteriosclerosis in the body. Non-invasive detection of the degree of carotid artery atherosclerosis is of great significance for the early prevention and diagnosis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Reproducing the real carotid artery pulsation in vitro is highly beneficial for clinical research such as carotid artery blood flow velocity, wave reflection, and pulse wave velocity. However, these studies have very stringent requirements for pulsation conditions, requiring accurate and repeatable pulsation flow, a sufficiently large blood flow rate to maintain a certain blood flow velocity, and a wide range of simulated subjects to generate realistic pulsation waveforms from different individuals.

[0005] In existing research, positive displacement pulsating pumps are commonly used for simulating arterial blood flow pulsation. They utilize the periodic changes in the volume of liquid within the pump cylinder to transport the liquid. The mechanical energy of the motor is directly converted into the pressure energy of the liquid via the pump, exhibiting good self-priming performance and repeatability. However, when using a positive displacement pump to simulate arterial pulsating blood flow, the piston needs to reverse direction when it reaches the endpoint, causing the instantaneous blood flow to become unstable. This can also lead to pipeline vibration, thus affecting the pulsation effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system and method, which can reduce the interference of volumetric pump plunger reversal on blood flow and improve system robustness.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0008] A carotid artery pulsating blood flow simulation system includes: a control motor, a volumetric pump, a blood simulation fluid storage tank, a four-way valve, and a carotid artery physical phantom.

[0009] The control motor is connected to the volumetric pump via a connecting wire and is used to drive the plunger inside the volumetric pump.

[0010] The volumetric pump is connected to the control motor and the four-way valve respectively. It has a plunger inside, which is parallel to the short side of the volumetric pump and has the same length as the short side of the volumetric pump. The plunger is used to change the volume of the volumetric pump and drive the blood simulation fluid in the four-way valve to flow, generating a pulsating flow rate.

[0011] The blood simulation fluid storage tank is connected to the four-way valve and the carotid artery physical phantom, respectively, and is used to output the blood simulation fluid to the four-way valve and receive the blood simulation fluid input to the carotid artery physical phantom.

[0012] The four-way valve is connected to the volumetric pump, the blood simulation solution storage tank, and the carotid artery physical phantom, respectively, for circulating the blood simulation solution to form a blood simulation solution pathway. The four-way valve is equipped with a first bidirectional flow valve, a second bidirectional flow valve, a first unidirectional flow valve, and a second unidirectional flow valve. The valve states of the first bidirectional flow valve and the second bidirectional flow valve are controlled to open the end of the volumetric pump with a large flow rate and block the end of the volumetric pump with a small flow rate. The first unidirectional flow valve and the second unidirectional flow valve are in a normally open state. The valve states include open or closed.

[0013] The carotid artery physical phantom is connected to the four-way valve and the blood simulation fluid storage pool, respectively, for receiving the blood simulation fluid input by the four-way valve and outputting the blood simulation fluid to the blood simulation fluid storage pool.

[0014] Optionally, the four-way valve specifically includes: a first bidirectional valve chamber, a second bidirectional valve chamber, a first one-way valve chamber, and a second one-way valve chamber;

[0015] The first bidirectional valve chamber is connected to the left end of the volumetric pump via a first pipeline connector for circulating the simulated blood solution.

[0016] The second bidirectional valve chamber is connected to the right end of the volumetric pump via a second pipeline connector, and is used to circulate the simulated blood solution.

[0017] The first one-way valve chamber is connected to the blood simulation solution storage tank via a third pipeline connector, and is used to receive the blood simulation solution input into the blood simulation solution storage tank;

[0018] The second one-way valve chamber is connected to the carotid artery physical phantom via a fourth pipeline connector, and is used to output the simulated blood fluid to the carotid artery physical phantom.

[0019] Optionally, the first bidirectional valve chamber, the second bidirectional valve chamber, the first one-way valve chamber, and the second one-way valve chamber are in the same plane and perpendicular to each other at 90°.

[0020] Optionally, the four-way valve further includes: a first bidirectional flow valve, a second bidirectional flow valve, a first one-way flow valve, and a second one-way flow valve;

[0021] The first bidirectional flow valve is disposed in the first bidirectional valve chamber; the second bidirectional flow valve is disposed in the second bidirectional valve chamber; when the flow rate at the left end of the volumetric pump is large, the valve state of the first bidirectional flow valve is open, and the valve state of the second bidirectional flow valve is closed; when the flow rate at the right end of the volumetric pump is large, the valve state of the first bidirectional flow valve is closed, and the valve state of the second bidirectional flow valve is open.

[0022] The first one-way flow valve is disposed in the first one-way valve chamber and is used to open the first one-way valve chamber so that the blood simulation liquid in the blood simulation liquid storage pool flows into the four-way valve through the first one-way valve chamber.

[0023] The second one-way flow valve is disposed in the second one-way valve chamber and is used to open the second one-way valve chamber so that the blood simulation fluid in the four-way valve flows into the carotid artery physical phantom through the second one-way valve chamber.

[0024] Optionally, the first bidirectional flow valve is composed of a third one-way flow valve and a fourth one-way flow valve, and the second bidirectional flow valve is composed of a fifth one-way flow valve and a sixth one-way flow valve. The third one-way flow valve and the fourth one-way flow valve are arranged with their valve discs facing each other in the first bidirectional valve chamber, and the fifth one-way flow valve and the sixth one-way flow valve are arranged with their valve discs facing each other in the first bidirectional valve chamber.

[0025] Optionally, the first one-way flow valve, the second one-way flow valve, the third one-way flow valve, the fourth one-way flow valve, the fifth one-way flow valve, and the sixth one-way flow valve are all multi-disc opening and closing structures.

[0026] Optionally, both the first bidirectional flow valve and the second bidirectional flow valve are provided with a flow valve changeover switch connector; the flow valve changeover switch connector is connected to the flow valve changeover switch.

[0027] Optionally, the flow valve switching switch is provided at both ends of the volumetric pump;

[0028] The flow valve changeover switch is connected to the first bidirectional flow valve and the second bidirectional flow valve respectively through the flow valve changeover switch connector, and is used to change the conduction direction of the first bidirectional flow valve and the second bidirectional flow valve when the plunger of the volumetric pump moves to both ends.

[0029] A method for simulating carotid artery pulsating blood flow, wherein the method is applied to a carotid artery pulsating blood flow simulation system as described above, the method comprising:

[0030] A database of carotid artery pulsation pressure waves for healthy adult subjects was constructed, which contained multiple carotid artery pulsation pressure waveforms to be simulated.

[0031] Select any one of the carotid artery pulsation pressure waveforms to be simulated from the carotid artery pulsation pressure waveform database of the adult healthy subjects and input it into the carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system;

[0032] The carotid artery pulsating pressure waveform to be simulated is divided into multiple pulsating waveform segments, and the running time of each pulsating waveform segment is obtained.

[0033] The blood simulation fluid pump output corresponding to the running time of each pulse waveform segment is determined based on the multiple pulse waveform segments.

[0034] The operating speed of the volumetric pump in the carotid artery pulsating blood flow simulation system is determined based on the pump output of the simulated blood solution.

[0035] The movement of the plunger in the volumetric pump is controlled according to the operating speed and the operating time, thereby driving the carotid artery physical phantom in the carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system to generate pulsation.

[0036] Optionally, the operating speed of the volumetric pump in the carotid artery pulsating blood flow simulation system is determined based on the pump output of the simulated blood solution, specifically including:

[0037] According to the formula Determine the operating speed of the volumetric pump in the carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system;

[0038] Among them, Q m ν represents the volume of simulated blood pumped out during the duration of each segment of the pulsed waveform. mS represents the motion velocity corresponding to each segment of the pulsating waveform. p t is the cross-sectional area of ​​the plunger. m-1 ~t m The running time of each segment of the pulsed waveform is 2≤m≤M, where M is the number of segments of the multiple pulsed waveforms, and m is the number of segments corresponding to any one of the pulsed waveforms.

[0039] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0040] This invention provides a carotid artery pulsating blood flow simulation system and method. A control motor controls the reciprocating motion of a plunger inside a volumetric pump. A blood simulation fluid storage tank provides the blood simulation fluid, and a four-way valve circulates the blood simulation fluid, outputting it to a physical phantom of the carotid artery to simulate pulsating blood flow. When the plunger reaches the end point of one end of the volumetric pump, its direction needs to be reversed. After the direction reversal, the flow rate at the other end of the volumetric pump increases instantaneously. The four-way valve controls the valve states of the first and second bidirectional flow valves to open the end of the volumetric pump with a high flow rate and block the end with a low flow rate. The flow rate of the blood simulation fluid in the four-way valve is stabilized instantaneously during the plunger direction reversal, reducing the interference of the plunger reversal on the blood flow, improving the stability of the carotid artery blood flow, and enhancing the system's robustness. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the four-way valve provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 The image shows the carotid artery pulsation pressure waveform of a 25-year-old female subject as provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0045] Symbol explanation:

[0046] 1. Control motor; 2. Volumetric pump; 3. Carotid artery physical phantom; 4. Computer; 5. Blood simulation solution storage tank; 6. Four-way valve; 7. Connecting wire; 8. Clip; 9. Silicone tubing; 21. Plunger; 11. Flow valve changeover switch connector; 22. First tubing connector; 23. Second tubing connector; 51. Third tubing connector; 31. Fourth tubing connector; 61. First bidirectional valve chamber; 64. Second bidirectional valve chamber; 70. First one-way flow valve; 68. Second one-way flow valve; 62. Third one-way flow valve; 63. Fourth one-way flow valve; 65. Fifth one-way flow valve; 66. Sixth one-way flow valve; 69. First one-way valve chamber; 67. Second one-way valve chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] The purpose of this invention is to provide a carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system and method. By controlling the valve states of the first bidirectional flow valve and the second bidirectional flow valve through a four-way valve, the system opens the end of the volumetric pump with a large flow rate and blocks the end with a small flow rate. At the instant of changing the plunger direction, the system stabilizes the flow rate of the simulated blood fluid in the four-way valve, reduces the interference of plunger reversal on blood flow, improves the stability of blood flow in the carotid artery, and enhances the robustness of the system.

[0049] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] like Figure 1As shown, this invention discloses a carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system, comprising: a control motor 1, a volumetric pump 2, a blood simulation fluid storage tank 5, a four-way valve 6, and a carotid artery physical phantom 3; the control motor 1 is connected to the volumetric pump 2 via a connecting line 7, and is used to drive the plunger 21 inside the volumetric pump 2; the control motor 1, as a power system, receives drive commands transmitted from a computer 4, converting electrical signals into mechanical motion, and the blood flow direction at both ends of the four-way valve 5 connected to the volumetric pump 2 is simultaneously controlled by the control motor 1; the volumetric pump 2 is connected to the control motor 1 via a connecting line 7. The motor 1 is connected to the four-way valve 6, and a plunger 21 is installed inside. The plunger 21 is parallel to the short side of the volumetric pump 2, and the length of the plunger 21 is the same as the length of the short side of the volumetric pump 2. The plunger 21 is used to change the volume of the volumetric pump 2, driving the flow of the simulated blood fluid in the four-way valve 6 to generate a pulsating flow rate. The simulated blood fluid storage tank 5 is connected to the four-way valve 6 and the carotid artery physical phantom 3, respectively, and is used to output the simulated blood fluid to the four-way valve 6 and receive the simulated blood fluid from the carotid artery physical phantom 3. The blood simulation solution is introduced into the system; the four-way valve 6 is connected to the volumetric pump 2, the blood simulation solution storage tank 5, and the carotid artery physical phantom 3, respectively, for circulating the blood simulation solution and forming a blood simulation solution pathway; the four-way valve 6 is provided with a first bidirectional flow valve, a second bidirectional flow valve, a first one-way flow valve 70, and a second one-way flow valve 68, controlling the valve states of the first bidirectional flow valve and the second bidirectional flow valve to open the end of the volumetric pump 2 with a large flow rate and block the end of the volumetric pump 2 with a small flow rate, the first one-way... The flow valve 70 and the second one-way flow valve 68 are in a normally open state; the valve state includes open or closed; the carotid artery physical phantom 3 is connected to the four-way valve 6 and the blood simulation liquid storage pool 5 respectively, and is used to receive the blood simulation liquid input by the four-way valve 6 and output the blood simulation liquid to the blood simulation liquid storage pool 5; the volumetric pump 2 is used to generate carotid artery pulsating flow; the carotid artery physical phantom 3 serves as the test object for experimental verification; the four-way valve 5 keeps the blood passing through the carotid artery physical phantom 3 in a constant direction.

[0052] The volumetric pump 2, the four-way valve 5, the carotid artery physical phantom 3, and the blood storage pool are all connected by silicone tubing 9 to form a circulation loop, and the connection is secured with clips 8 to prevent the tubing from falling off due to pulsating impact.

[0053] like Figure 2As shown, in practical applications, the four-way valve 6 specifically includes: a first bidirectional valve chamber 61, a second bidirectional valve chamber 64, a first one-way valve chamber 69, and a second one-way valve chamber 67; the first bidirectional valve chamber 61 is connected to the left end of the volumetric pump 2 via a first pipe connector 22 for circulating the simulated blood solution; the second bidirectional valve chamber 64 is connected to the right end of the volumetric pump 2 via a second pipe connector 23 for circulating the simulated blood solution; the first one-way valve chamber 69 is connected to the simulated blood solution storage tank 5 via a third pipe connector 51 for receiving the simulated blood solution input from the simulated blood solution storage tank 5; the second one-way valve chamber 67 is connected to the carotid artery physical phantom 3 via a fourth pipe connector 31 for outputting the simulated blood solution to the carotid artery physical phantom 3.

[0054] In practical applications, the first bidirectional valve chamber 61, the second bidirectional valve chamber 64, the first one-way valve chamber 69, and the second one-way valve chamber 67 are in the same plane and perpendicular to each other at 90°.

[0055] In practical applications, the four-way valve 6 further includes: a first bidirectional flow valve, a second bidirectional flow valve, a first one-way flow valve 70, and a second one-way flow valve 68; the first bidirectional flow valve is disposed in the first bidirectional valve chamber 61; the second bidirectional flow valve is disposed in the second bidirectional valve chamber 64; when the flow rate at the left end of the volumetric pump 2 is large, the valve state of the first bidirectional flow valve is open, and the valve state of the second bidirectional flow valve is closed; when the flow rate at the right end of the volumetric pump 2 is large, the valve state of the first bidirectional flow valve is closed, and the valve state of the second bidirectional flow valve is open.

[0056] The first one-way flow valve 70 is disposed within the first one-way valve chamber 69 and is used to open the first one-way valve chamber 69, allowing the blood simulation fluid in the blood simulation fluid storage pool 5 to flow into the four-way valve 6 through the first one-way valve chamber 69; the second one-way flow valve 68 is disposed within the second one-way valve chamber 67 and is used to open the second one-way valve chamber 67, allowing the blood simulation fluid in the four-way valve 6 to flow into the carotid artery physical phantom 3 through the second one-way valve chamber 67; when the one-way flow valve is closed, blood flows normally in the forward direction, but reverse flow is prevented; when the one-way flow valve is open, it is tightly attached to the valve chamber and does not affect the flow of blood in any direction.

[0057] As the plunger 21 reciprocates left and right, it triggers the flow valve switching switch when it reaches one end. The third one-way flow valve 62 and the fourth one-way flow valve 63 work alternately, and the fifth one-way flow valve 65 and the sixth one-way flow valve 66 work alternately. This is controlled by the control motor 1 to ensure the instantaneous flow rate is stable when the plunger 21 turns.

[0058] In practical applications, the first bidirectional flow valve is composed of a third one-way flow valve 62 and a fourth one-way flow valve 63, and the second bidirectional flow valve is composed of a fifth one-way flow valve 65 and a sixth one-way flow valve 66. The third one-way flow valve 62 and the fourth one-way flow valve 63 are arranged with their valve discs facing each other in the first bidirectional valve chamber 61, and the fifth one-way flow valve 65 and the sixth one-way flow valve 66 are arranged with their valve discs facing each other in the first bidirectional valve chamber 61.

[0059] In practical applications, the first one-way flow valve 70, the second one-way flow valve 68, the third one-way flow valve 62, the fourth one-way flow valve 63, the fifth one-way flow valve 65, and the sixth one-way flow valve 66 are all multi-disc opening and closing structures.

[0060] In practical applications, both the first bidirectional flow valve and the second bidirectional flow valve are provided with a flow valve changeover switch connector 11; the flow valve changeover switch connector 11 is connected to the flow valve changeover switch.

[0061] In practical applications, the flow valve switching switch is provided at both ends of the volumetric pump 2; the flow valve switching switch is connected to the first bidirectional flow valve and the second bidirectional flow valve respectively through the flow valve switching switch connector 11, and is used to change the conduction direction of the first bidirectional flow valve and the second bidirectional flow valve when the plunger 21 of the volumetric pump 2 moves to both ends.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] A method for simulating carotid artery pulsating blood flow, wherein the method is applied to a carotid artery pulsating blood flow simulation system as described above, the method comprising:

[0064] A database of carotid artery pulsation pressure waves for healthy adult subjects was constructed, which contained multiple carotid artery pulsation pressure waveforms to be simulated.

[0065] Select any one of the carotid artery pulsation pressure waveforms to be simulated from the database of carotid artery pulsation pressure waveforms of the adult healthy subjects and input it into the carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system.

[0066] The carotid artery pulsation pressure waveform to be simulated is divided into multiple pulsation waveform segments, and the running time of each pulsation waveform segment is obtained.

[0067] The amount of simulated blood pumped out during the running time of each segment of the pulsed waveform is determined based on the multiple segments of the pulsed waveform.

[0068] The operating speed of the volumetric pump 2 in the carotid artery pulsating blood flow simulation system is determined based on the pump output of the simulated blood solution.

[0069] The movement of the plunger 21 in the volumetric pump 2 is controlled according to the operating speed and the operating time, thereby driving the carotid physical phantom 3 in the carotid pulsation blood flow simulation system to generate pulsation.

[0070] In practical applications, the operating speed of the volumetric pump 2 in the carotid artery pulsating blood flow simulation system is determined based on the pump output of the simulated blood solution, specifically including:

[0071] According to the formula Determine the operating speed of volumetric pump 2 in the carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system.

[0072] Among them, Q m ν represents the volume of simulated blood pumped out during the duration of each segment of the pulsed waveform. m S represents the motion velocity corresponding to each segment of the pulsating waveform. p t is the cross-sectional area of ​​the plunger. m-1 ~t m The running time of each segment of the pulsed waveform is 2≤m≤M, where M is the number of segments of the multiple pulsed waveforms, and m is the number of segments corresponding to any one of the pulsed waveforms.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] Based on Embodiment 2, a carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system and method of the present invention are used to generate a real and stable carotid artery pulsation. The specific operation is as follows:

[0075] (1) Hardware device connection:

[0076] All devices according to Figure 1 A stable connection is maintained, and the volumetric pump 2, four-way valve 6, carotid artery physical phantom membrane, and blood simulation fluid storage pool are kept at the same height, reducing the impact of tubing bends and tilts on the flow of blood simulation fluid.

[0077] Computer 4 is connected to control motor 1 for human-computer interaction, enabling the selection of preset carotid artery pulsation pressure waveforms, as well as the calculation of input and waveform drive commands, and the transmission of drive commands.

[0078] (2) Select the input waveform for the pulsating system:

[0079] The computer selects the carotid artery pulsation pressure waveform p(t) to be simulated and uploads the corresponding pulsation wave conduction velocity v.

[0080] (3) When the Wesseling model assumptions are satisfied and the characteristic impedance of the system is considered, the pump output q(t) of the simulated blood fluid and the simulated carotid artery pulsating pressure waveform p(t) satisfy the following equation:

[0081]

[0082] Where S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the blood vessel and ρ is the density of the simulated blood solution.

[0083] (4) Divide the carotid artery pulsating pressure waveform to be simulated into multiple pulsating waveform segments, and obtain the running time of each pulsating waveform segment. In this embodiment, M pulsating waveform segments are obtained, and the running time of each pulsating waveform segment is t. m-1 ~t m , 1≤m≤M.

[0084] (5) Calculate the blood simulated fluid pump output Q corresponding to the running time of the M-segment pulsating waveform. m :

[0085]

[0086] (6) Calculate the operating speed of volumetric pump 2 in the carotid artery pulsating blood flow simulation system corresponding to the running time of segment M pulsating waveform:

[0087]

[0088] ν m S represents the motion velocity corresponding to the M segments of the pulsating waveform that have been divided. p Let be the cross-sectional area of ​​the plunger 21.

[0089] (7) Control the movement of the plunger 21 in the volumetric pump 2 according to the running speed and running time, and drive the carotid physical phantom 3 in the carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system to generate pulsation.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] Based on Example 3, to achieve realistic and diverse simulations of carotid artery pulsation blood flow, this invention established a carotid artery pulsation pressure wave database for healthy adult subjects aged 20, 25, 30, 35, ..., 70 years. Six subjects provided carotid artery pulsation wave data for each age group, three males and three females. Information such as the conduction velocity of the corresponding carotid artery pulsation wave was also recorded. The data types in the carotid artery pulsation pressure wave database can be expanded and should not be construed as limiting the invention; they should include, but are not limited to, the above-described aspects.

[0092] Another embodiment of generating realistic and stable carotid artery pulsation using the carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system and method of the present invention is as follows:

[0093] (1) Stable connection to system hardware devices.

[0094] (2) Using computer 4, select the carotid artery pulsation pressure waveform p(t) of 25-year-old female subjects from the carotid artery pulsation pressure waveform database of healthy adult subjects (e.g., ...). Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the corresponding pulsating wave conduction velocity v is uploaded, which is v = 50cm / s.

[0095] (3) The carotid artery pulsation pressure waveform of the 25-year-old female subjects was divided into 6 segments, and the running time of each segment was obtained:

[0096] like Figure 3 As shown, the carotid artery pulsation pressure waveform consists of a main wave, a tidal wave, and a dicrotic wave, and also includes the dicrotic notch, the confluence of the main wave and the tidal wave, and the end point of the pulsation cycle. For ease of description, this embodiment divides the waveform into 6 segments and records the main wave peak point A1, the confluence of the main wave and the tidal wave A2, the tidal wave peak point A3, the dicrotic notch point A4, the dicrotic wave peak point A5, and the end point of the cycle A6. t1 is the running time point corresponding to the main wave peak point A1, t2 is the running time point corresponding to the confluence of the main wave and the tidal wave A2, t3 is the running time point corresponding to the tidal wave peak point A3, t4 is the running time point corresponding to the dicrotic notch point A4, t5 is the running time point corresponding to the dicrotic wave peak point A5, and t6 is the running time point corresponding to the end point of the cycle A6.

[0097] (4) Determine the blood simulated fluid pump output Q corresponding to the running time of each of the 6 pulse waveform segments. m :

[0098] Given that the radius of the blood vessel is r = 0.5 cm and the density of the simulated blood solution is ρ = 1.03 g / ml, according to formula (2), we can calculate Q1 = 20 ml, Q2 = 11 ml, Q3 = 9 ml, Q4 = 10 ml, Q5 = 6 ml, and Q6 = 16 ml.

[0099] (5) Determine the operating speed of volumetric pump 2 in the carotid artery pulsating blood flow simulation system based on the output of the simulated blood solution:

[0100] Given the radius r of the cross-section of plunger 21 p =5cm, calculate its cross-sectional area S p =78.5cm 2 According to formula (3), the running speeds are calculated as follows: ν1 = 2.123 cm / s, ν2 = 0.778 cm / s, ν3 = 1.433 cm / s, ν4 = 1.158 cm / s, ν5 = 0.579 cm / s, and ν6 = 1.853 cm / s.

[0101] (6) The running speed and running time are transmitted to the control motor 1 to control the movement of the plunger 21 in the volume pump 2, thereby driving the carotid physical phantom 3 in the carotid artery pulsation blood flow simulation system to generate pulsation.

[0102] The beneficial effects provided by this invention are as follows:

[0103] 1. The four-way valve used in this invention reduces the interference of plunger reversal on blood flow, improves the stability of blood flow in the carotid artery, and enhances the robustness of the system.

[0104] 2. This invention considers the characteristic impedance of the system for blood simulation.

[0105] 3. This invention contains carotid artery wall pulsation displacement data of healthy individuals aged 20-70, which can simulate pulsation wave transmission at different age levels.

[0106] 4. This invention provides a method for calculating blood pumping volume based on the pulsating displacement of the carotid artery wall, and provides a method for quantifying the drive control motor based on the blood pumping volume calculation result.

[0107] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0108] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carotid artery pulsatile blood flow simulation system, characterized by, The utility model relates to a blood flow simulation device, including: Control motor, volumetric pump, blood analog liquid storage pool, four-way valve and carotid artery physical phantom body model; The control motor is connected with the volumetric pump through a connecting line and is used to drive a plunger inside the volumetric pump; The volumetric pump is connected with the control motor and the four-way valve respectively, is internally provided with the plunger, the plunger is parallel to the short side of the volumetric pump, and the length of the plunger is same with the length of the short side of the volumetric pump, the plunger is used to change the volume of the volumetric pump, drives the blood analog liquid flow in the four-way valve, generates pulsatile flow, both ends of the volumetric pump are provided with flow-through valve change-over switch; The blood analog liquid storage pool is connected with the four-way valve and the carotid artery physical phantom body model respectively, is used to output the blood analog liquid to the four-way valve, and receives the blood analog liquid inputted by the carotid artery physical phantom body model; The four-way valve is connected with the volumetric pump, the blood analog liquid storage pool and the carotid artery physical phantom body model respectively, is used to circulate the blood analog liquid, forms blood analog liquid passage, and the four-way valve specifically includes: first bidirectional valve cavity, second bidirectional valve cavity, first unidirectional valve cavity and second unidirectional valve cavity; The first two-way valve cavity is connected with the left end of the volumetric pump through a first pipeline connector and is used for circulating the blood analog liquid; the second two-way valve cavity is connected with the right end of the volumetric pump through a second pipeline connector and is used for circulating the blood analog liquid; the first one-way valve cavity is connected with the blood analog liquid storage pool through a third pipeline connector and is used for receiving the blood analog liquid input by the blood analog liquid storage pool; the second one-way valve cavity is connected with the carotid artery physical phantom through a fourth pipeline connector and is used for outputting the blood analog liquid in the four-way valve to the carotid artery physical phantom; the four-way valve is provided with a first two-way circulation valve, a second two-way circulation valve, a first one-way circulation valve and a second one-way circulation valve, the valve states of the first two-way circulation valve and the second two-way circulation valve are controlled to conduct the end with large flow of the volumetric pump and block the end with small flow of the volumetric pump, the first one-way circulation valve and the second one-way circulation valve are in a constant conduction state; the valve state includes conduction or blockage; the first two-way circulation valve is arranged in the first two-way valve cavity; the second two-way circulation valve is arranged in the second two-way valve cavity; when the left end flow of the volumetric pump is large, the valve state of the first two-way circulation valve is conduction and the valve state of the second two-way circulation valve is blockage; when the right end flow of the volumetric pump is large, the valve state of the first two-way circulation valve is blockage and the valve state of the second two-way circulation valve is conduction; the first one-way circulation valve is arranged in the first one-way valve cavity and is used for conducting the first one-way valve cavity, so that the blood analog liquid in the blood analog liquid storage pool flows into the four-way valve through the first one-way valve cavity; the second one-way circulation valve is arranged in the second one-way valve cavity and is used for conducting the second one-way valve cavity, so that the blood analog liquid in the four-way valve flows into the carotid artery physical phantom through the second one-way valve cavity; the first two-way circulation valve is composed of a third one-way circulation valve and a fourth one-way circulation valve, the second two-way circulation valve is composed of a fifth one-way circulation valve and a sixth one-way circulation valve, the third one-way circulation valve and the fourth one-way circulation valve are oppositely arranged as valve petals in the first two-way valve cavity, and the fifth one-way circulation valve and the sixth one-way circulation valve are oppositely arranged as valve petals in the first two-way valve cavity; the first two-way circulation valve and the second two-way circulation valve are both provided with a circulation valve conversion switch connector; the circulation valve conversion switch connector is connected with a circulation valve conversion switch; the circulation valve conversion switch is connected with the first two-way circulation valve and the second two-way circulation valve through the circulation valve conversion switch connector respectively and is used for changing the conduction direction of the first two-way circulation valve and the second two-way circulation valve when the plunger of the volumetric pump moves to both ends; The carotid artery physical phantom model is connected with the four-way valve and the blood analog liquid storage pool respectively, and is used for receiving the blood analog liquid input by the four-way valve and outputting the blood analog liquid to the blood analog liquid storage pool.

2. The carotid artery pulsatile flow simulation system of claim 1, wherein, The first bidirectional valve cavity, the second bidirectional valve cavity, the first unidirectional valve cavity and the second unidirectional valve cavity are in the same plane and perpendicular to each other by 90°.

3. The carotid artery pulsatile flow simulation system of claim 1, wherein, The first unidirectional flow valve, the second unidirectional flow valve, the third unidirectional flow valve, the fourth unidirectional flow valve, the fifth unidirectional flow valve and the sixth unidirectional flow valve are all multi-petal opening and closing structures.

4. A method of simulating carotid artery pulsatile blood flow, characterized by, The carotid artery pulsatile blood flow simulation method is applied to the carotid artery pulsatile blood flow simulation system according to claims 1-3, and the carotid artery pulsatile blood flow simulation method comprises: A carotid artery pulsatile pressure wave database of adult healthy subjects is constructed, and the carotid artery pulsatile pressure wave database of adult healthy subjects comprises a plurality of to-be-simulated carotid artery pulsatile pressure waveforms; Any one of the to-be-simulated carotid artery pulsatile pressure waveforms in the carotid artery pulsatile pressure wave database of adult healthy subjects is selected and input into the carotid artery pulsatile blood flow simulation system; The to-be-simulated carotid artery pulsatile pressure waveform is divided to obtain a plurality of pulsatile waveforms, and the running time of each pulsatile waveform is obtained; According to the plurality of pulsatile waveforms, the blood analog liquid pump output quantity corresponding to each pulsatile waveform running time is determined; According to the blood analog liquid pump output quantity, the running speed of the volumetric pump in the carotid artery pulsatile blood flow simulation system is determined; According to the running speed and the running time, the movement of the plunger in the volumetric pump is controlled to drive the carotid artery physical phantom model in the carotid artery pulsatile blood flow simulation system to generate pulsation.

5. The carotid pulse wave simulation method according to claim 4, wherein According to the blood analog liquid pump output quantity, the running speed of the volumetric pump in the carotid artery pulsatile blood flow simulation system is determined, specifically comprising: According to the formula determining an operating speed of the volume pump in the carotid artery pulsatile flow simulation system; wherein, is the pump output of the blood analog liquid corresponding to each segment of the pulsatile waveform, is the movement speed corresponding to each segment of the pulsatile waveform, is the cross-sectional area of the plunger, ~ is the running time of each segment of the pulsatile waveform, and 2≤m≤M, M is the number of segments of the multi-segment pulsatile waveform, and m is the segment number corresponding to each segment of the pulsatile waveform.

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