A method and system for designing and fabricating a controllably deformable 3D printed cavity structure

Abstract

The application discloses a design and manufacturing method and system of a controllable deformation 3D printing cavity structure, which comprises two parts of simulation inflation and actual production and processing; the simulation inflation part mainly carries out dynamic mechanical inflation simulation and evaluation according to the target inflation volume based on the cavity structure geometric parameters input by a user, visualizes the final inflation result and outputs a printable 3D model; the actual production and processing part mainly comprises 3D printing based on the 3D model output by the simulation inflation part, inflating gas after heating the 3D printed part to soften the 3D printed part, and obtaining the deformed cavity structure, wherein the heating parameters and the inflation parameters in the process are consistent with the simulation inflation part. The method does not need to design and model complex geometric shapes, does not need to use expensive precise 3D printers and consumables, can improve the operability and result accuracy of the cavity structure printing, can be used for large-volume deformation and has structural flexibility, and can reduce the customized and personalized cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of 3D printing technology, and relates to the design of 3D printed model structures and the post-processing technology of 3D printed objects. In particular, it relates to a design and manufacturing method and system for a controllable deformable 3D printed cavity structure, so that the 3D printed object can achieve controllable secondary deformation on the basis of the original shape, while saving printing time and material consumption. Background Technology

[0002] 3D printing technology can quickly create the items users need, but its production costs (printing material consumption and printing time) and printer size limit the shape design of 3D printed items. Generally, the time and material consumption of 3D printing are directly proportional to the size of the 3D printed object model; in addition, complex shapes and suspended structures require additional support materials, which can increase printing defects and increase printing material and time costs.

[0003] Researchers have proposed using Digital Light Processing (DLP) to control the cross-linking strength of a photocurable resin by adjusting light intensity, thus creating different glass transition temperatures in different parts and printing a multi-material cavity structure. Heating the printed object to the glass transition temperature of the weaker cross-linked resin allows for expansion and deformation by introducing gas, resulting in a larger shape. However, this technology is limited by complex resin formulation processes and DLP equipment control, limiting printed object sizes to the millimeter level and exhibiting a small volume expansion ratio, making it unsuitable for printing larger everyday items. Furthermore, the deformable structure design only allows for two state transitions. The high cost of the materials and equipment also restricts the technology's accessibility.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention proposes a method and system for fabricating deformable cavity structures using a low-cost FDM 3D printer and consumer-grade 3D printing consumables. This method enables the creation of deformable cavity structures with a larger expansion ratio in 3D printing. Furthermore, by controlling the heating time, multiple deformation states can be achieved. Moreover, this method can create adjustable shape transformation capabilities by adjusting the cavity structure and expansion ratio, thereby providing adjustable flexibility for 3D printed objects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a method and system for designing and fabricating a controllable deformation 3D-printed cavity structure. This method utilizes the material property of 3D printing extruded materials, which become soft and stretchable when heated to their glass transition temperature. Simulation software is used to simulate and evaluate the inflation process, visualizing the results and outputting a printable 3D model. The 3D-printed part with the cavity structure is then softened by heating, allowing it to expand in volume under inflation. Based on the relationship between the object's thickness and the required softening time, this method further controls the deformation of the 3D-printed cavity structure after heating and inflation by locally adjusting the thickness of different parts of the cavity structure.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for designing and fabricating a controllable deformable 3D-printed cavity structure includes two parts: simulated inflation and actual production processing. The simulated inflation part mainly involves dynamically simulating and evaluating the user-inputted cavity structure geometric parameters based on the target inflation volume, visualizing the final inflation result, and outputting a printable 3D model. The actual production processing part mainly includes 3D printing based on the 3D model output from the simulated inflation part, heating the 3D printed part to soften it, and then filling it with gas to obtain the deformed cavity structure. The heating and inflation parameters in this process are consistent with those in the simulated inflation part.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the simulated inflation section further includes the following steps:

[0009] Input cavity geometry: The user inputs a basic geometry composed of surfaces as the base part of the deformable cavity structure, and draws a geometric pattern composed of straight lines and / or curves on the surface of the basic geometry as the constraint part; finally, the user specifies a point on the surface as the marker point for generating the air nozzle;

[0010] Set structural parameters: The user sets the parameter of the geometric surface in the base part to offset inward along the normal as its thickness; sets the parameter of the line in the restriction part to offset perpendicular to the normal on its surface as the restriction width, and the parameter of offset inward along the normal as the restriction thickness; there should be a certain thickness difference between the thickness of the base part and the thickness of the restriction part.

[0011] Dynamic inflation simulation: First, the base part is transformed into a mesh model composed of approximately equilateral triangles. Then, according to the user-input limit lines and their width parameters, the base part is re-meshed. The surface where the air nozzle marker is located by default is the anchoring part. All mesh points on this surface remain in the same position to ensure that the boundary is fixed and cannot be expanded.

[0012] The dynamic inflation simulation is based on a position-based dynamics model and Kangaroo software. The mesh model is treated as a spring system that follows Hooke's law. A constant force along the normal to the model surface is applied to the mesh vertices as the driving force for deformation. The edges of the mesh are treated as springs, and the corresponding elastic forces they generate are used as constraint forces. When a force equilibrium is reached, that is, when the overall energy is minimized, all mesh elements are stable, and the expansion shape can be simulated. This process calculates the expansion volume in real time until the target inflation volume is reached.

[0013] Since the difference in the elastic deformation coefficient of different parts is determined by the user-preset material, heating time, and thickness parameters of different parts, the elastic deformation coefficient of different parts of the whole model after a certain heating time can be calculated. Thus, it can be determined that under the stable state when the target inflation volume is reached, different parts of the model will stretch to different degrees due to their different elastic deformation coefficients.

[0014] Generate a printable model: Continuously adjust the basic geometric parameters of the base part and the line parameters of the constraint part until a satisfactory dynamic simulation effect is obtained. Based on the determined base part, constraint part, and air nozzle part, determine the solid, and perform Boolean operations on the obtained solid to obtain a printable 3D model.

[0015] Furthermore, for FDM 3D printing, the thickness difference should typically be above 0.8 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, in the dynamic inflation simulation, the basic part is re-meshed, specifically by: symmetrically offsetting the lines in the limiting part to the left and right according to the set width to obtain a geometric pattern; and moving the grid vertex closest to the projection of the geometric pattern onto the grid in the grid model composed of approximately equilateral triangles in the basic part to the geometric projection.

[0017] Furthermore, in the dynamic inflation simulation, calculating the elastic deformation coefficient of different parts of the entire model after a certain heating time requires prior physical experiments and fitting to determine the relationship between different materials at specific heating temperatures, different thicknesses, and different heating times and the elastic deformation coefficient of the materials.

[0018] The specific heating temperature is T to T+20℃, where T is the glass transition temperature of the material.

[0019] The aforementioned preliminary physical experiments typically involve preparing samples of different thicknesses for different materials and determining the tensile coefficient of the samples of different thicknesses after heating at a specific heating temperature for different times.

[0020] Furthermore, the process of generating the printable model specifically includes: first, offsetting the geometric surfaces of the basic geometry inward along the normal direction according to the thickness parameters of the basic part to form a thin-walled closed cavity entity, forming the actual basic part; offsetting all lines in the limiting part symmetrically to the left and right as the central axis according to the width parameters of the limiting part, forming a closed limiting part graphic; extruding and stretching the closed limiting part graphic into a solid according to the inward offset thickness parameters, forming the actual limiting part; subsequently, generating a standard pagoda-shaped nozzle model at user-specified marker points, used to connect a silicone hose as a gas inlet; finally, the software performs Boolean operations on the three entities—the actual basic part, the actual limiting part, and the nozzle part—to obtain the final printable 3D model.

[0021] Furthermore, the actual production and processing portion includes:

[0022] S1, Printing the cavity structure: Based on the printable 3D model, use the slicing software that comes with the 3D printer to generate the printing file;

[0023] S2, Heating the printed part: The formed 3D printed part is heated evenly to soften it. The heating temperature and time should be consistent with the simulated inflated part.

[0024] S3, Inflate the printed part: Inflate the 3D printed part with gas through the air nozzle, causing it to expand until the target inflation volume is reached;

[0025] S4, Cooling the Printed Part: Stop heating the 3D printed part after it has been inflated, maintain the current internal air pressure, cool it to obtain the hardened target shape, and finally release the internal air pressure.

[0026] The present invention also provides a design and fabrication system for a controllable deformation 3D printed cavity structure. The system is used to realize the function of including the simulated inflation expansion part as described above, and to visualize the simulated inflation expansion results.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] This invention's method has low equipment requirements, can be implemented directly using a low-cost desktop FDM 3D printer, and reduces the time and material consumption for printing large-sized objects using FDM 3D printing. It eliminates the need for extensive infill and support structures; avoids designing and modeling complex geometries; and eliminates the need for expensive, precision 3D printers and flexible 3D printing filaments. The method improves the operability of the inflation process and the accuracy of the results through the design of a simulation system. This invention's design and fabrication method can expand small-sized 3D printed objects to larger volumes, saving printing time and materials; simultaneously, by adjusting the heating time and sequence, multiple deformation results can be achieved; furthermore, it can give objects a certain degree of structural flexibility and different physical properties. This is beneficial for expanding the manufacturing possibilities of consumer-grade FDM 3D printers and popularizing personalized manufacturing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the method of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a technical path diagram of the inflation simulation part in the software described in this invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating different deformation results in the manufacturing process of this invention.

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a typical linear deformable cavity structure design.

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagrams of several typical disc-shaped and columnar deformable cavity structures are shown.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of a deformable cavity structure in an application example.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a modular balloon dog model printed using the method of this invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a prototype interactive device printed using the method of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a set of complex-shaped jewelry printed using the method of this invention.

[0038] The scale in the illustrations is uniformly 20mm. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

[0040] The present invention relates to a method and system for designing and fabricating a controllable deformation 3D-printed cavity structure, comprising two parts: software for simulating inflation and expansion results and actual production and processing technology. The software simulation and generation part is used to perform dynamic mechanical inflation simulation and evaluation based on the user-inputted cavity structure geometric parameters and the target inflation volume, visualizing the final inflation result and outputting a printable 3D model.

[0041] The manufacturing method of this invention utilizes the material property of 3D printing extrusion materials, which become soft and stretchable when heated to their glass transition temperature. By heating a 3D-printed part with a cavity structure, the material softens, allowing it to expand in volume under inflated conditions. Based on the relationship between the object's thickness and the required softening time, this method locally adjusts the thickness of different parts of the cavity structure within the 3D-printed part to further control the deformation of the cavity structure after heating and inflation. By heating the 3D-printed part to the target heating time, inflating it with a target volume of gas, and finally cooling the expanded and deformed 3D-printed part, a cavity structure with a larger volume can be obtained. Figure 1 Specifically:

[0042] The processes in the software component include:

[0043] Input cavity geometry: The user inputs a basic geometric shape composed of surfaces, such as a cuboid, cylinder, or cube, as the basic part of the deformable cavity structure, and draws a geometric pattern composed of straight lines and / or curves on the surface of the basic geometric shape as the constraint part; finally, the user specifies a point on the surface as the marker point for generating the air nozzle.

[0044] Setting structural parameters: To define the true physical geometry of the cavity structure, the user sets the inward offset parameter along the normal direction of the base geometry as its thickness in the software interface; and sets the offset parameter perpendicular to the normal direction of the lines on their respective surfaces as the limiting width, and the inward offset parameter along the normal direction as the limiting thickness. To ensure significant differences in the required heating time for different parts, the base and limiting parts need to have a certain thickness difference, typically above 0.8mm for desktop FDM printers.

[0045] Dynamic inflation simulation: The software described in this invention is based on a position-based dynamics model, implemented using Kangaroo software. Under this algorithm, the 3D model composed of a mesh is considered a spring system following Hooke's law. The mesh consists of vertices and edges. In this simulated spring system, a force normal to the model surface is applied to the vertices as the driving force for deformation; the edges of the mesh act as springs, and their corresponding elastic forces act as constraint forces. When a force equilibrium is reached, i.e., when the overall energy is minimized, all mesh elements are stable, thus simulating the expansion pattern. During this process, the expansion volume is calculated in real time until the target inflation volume is reached. Since the difference in the elastic deformation coefficient of different parts is determined by the user-preset heating time and the thickness parameters of different parts, the software can calculate the elastic deformation coefficient of the entire cavity structure model after a certain heating time (preliminary physical experiments are required to determine the relationship between different materials at a specific heating temperature, different thicknesses, different heating times and the elastic deformation coefficient of the materials; the specific heating temperature is T to T+20℃, where T is the glass transition temperature of the material; the preliminary physical experiments usually include making samples of different thicknesses for different materials and measuring the tensile coefficient of the samples of different thicknesses after heating at a specific heating temperature for different times).

[0046] The software first transforms the overall model of the base section into a mesh model composed of approximately equilateral triangles. Then, based on the user-input constraints and their width parameters, it re-meshes the base section. During this process, the surface where the air nozzle is located is assumed to be anchored to ensure the boundary is fixed and cannot expand. The software can calculate the varying degrees of stretching that different parts undergo due to their different elastic deformation coefficients when the target volume is reached in a stable state (e.g., ...). Figure 2 );

[0047] Generating a printable model: Based on the geometric pattern and structural parameters input by the user, the software first offsets the geometric surface of the base part inward along the normal direction according to the thickness parameter of the base part, forming a thin-walled closed cavity solid as the base part solid. The software then offsets all constraint curves symmetrically to the left and right along the central axis according to the width parameter of the constraint part, forming a closed constraint part graphic; according to the inward offset thickness parameter, the closed constraint part graphic is extruded and stretched into a solid, serving as the constraint part solid. Subsequently, the software generates a standard pagoda-shaped nozzle model at the user-specified point, used to connect the silicone hose as the gas inlet, i.e., the nozzle part solid. Finally, the software performs Boolean operations on the base part, constraint part, and nozzle part solids to obtain the final printable 3D model.

[0048] The actual production and processing technology includes:

[0049] Printing cavity structure: Use the slicing software that comes with the FDM 3D printer to produce the print file. The slicing settings should be 100% infill density and 95% extrusion rate, with the rest kept at default parameters. Thermoplastic materials such as polylactic acid (PLA) can usually be used as printing consumables.

[0050] Heating the printed part: Taking PLA material as an example, the 3D printed part is uniformly heated to above the glass transition temperature of PLA, about 60 degrees Celsius, by means of hot water bath, hot air gun and oven heating, so that the 3D printed part softens. The heating time should be consistent with the heating time set in the software. In order to accelerate the heat transfer during the heating process, the temperature of the heating medium needs to be slightly higher than the glass transition temperature of the material itself. In this embodiment, an 80-degree Celsius water bath heating method is used.

[0051] Inflating the printed part: Connect inflation equipment such as a manual air pump, an electronically controlled air pump, and an air compressor to a silicone hose, and inflate the 3D printed part with gas through the air nozzle, causing it to expand until the target volume is reached and inflation stops; in this embodiment, an electronically controlled air pump is used to control the gas flow rate.

[0052] Cooling the printed part: After the 3D printed part has been inflated, heating is stopped, the current internal air pressure is maintained, and it is cooled by methods such as cold water bath, cold fan or standing at room temperature to obtain the hardened target shape. Finally, the internal air pressure is released.

[0053] Due to the significant differences in the thickness design of the base and the confining parts, the time required for them to fully heat to the glassy state temperature and soften under the same heating conditions also differs significantly; here, the heating time required for the base part is expressed as t. m The heating time required for the limiting part is expressed as t. f .like Figure 3 By adjusting the heating time and performing the heating and inflation process multiple times, this method can achieve four significantly different deformation results for the same object. Specifically:

[0054] Phase 1: Heating the initial 3D printed part for a time greater than t m But less than t f Then, inflation is performed. At this point, only the base part fully reaches the glass transition temperature and softens completely, so only this part expands after inflation, while the limiting part remains unchanged.

[0055] Phase 2: Heating the initial 3D printed part for a time greater than t f Then, it is inflated. All parts reach the glass transition temperature and soften completely, so the whole expands after inflation, but the deformation effect is slightly weaker than that of the base part because the restrictor part is thicker.

[0056] Stage 3: Reheat the deformed structure that cooled after Stage 2 for a time greater than t' m But less than t' f . t' m and t' f This corresponds to the time required for the base and confining parts to fully heat up and soften after expansion and thinning, which can be estimated by simulation software. Afterwards, inflation occurs; at this point, only the base part fully reaches its glass transition temperature and softens completely. Therefore, only this part expands after inflation, while the confining part remains unchanged.

[0057] Stage 4: The deformed structure that has cooled after Stage 3 is reheated, but the heating time is extremely short, about 1 second. This only allows the expanded base part to release the internal stress of the material under thermal stimulation, resulting in the shrinkage of the thermoplastic material.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, a linear deformation structure is produced using the manufacturing steps of stage 1. Specifically, it can achieve bending and twisting deformation by setting different line types for the limiting part; and different bending directions can be achieved by setting different directions for the limiting part.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, the disc and columnar deformable structures produced using manufacturing steps 1, 2, 3 and 4 can achieve four different deformation results from the same initial shape.

[0060] like Figure 6 As shown, this is an example of the interface usage and operation steps of the system software provided by the present invention, specifically as follows: After the user inputs the geometric shape of the basic part and the line pattern of the limiting part ( Figure 6 a) The corresponding thickness and width parameters can be adjusted through the software interface. Figure 6 b); For the inflation simulation section, the user selects one of the aforementioned four deformation results ( Figure 6 c) The heating and inflation times can be adjusted appropriately for subtle dynamic adjustments to the shape; for the generation of printable 3D models, after the user confirms that the simulation results meet the requirements, the software retrieves the geometric parameters input by the user in previous steps to perform curve and surface offsets and Boolean operations on the solid. Figure 6 d); The user inputs the final model into the corresponding slicing software of the FDM 3D printer, slices it, and exports the 3D printing G-code file. Figure 6 e); Transfer the 3D printing file to the FDM 3D printer to print the designed cavity structure. Figure 6 f) Heating conditions can be prepared simultaneously with printing, such as... Figure 6In the process, an 80-degree Celsius water bath is used for heating; the 3D printed part is connected to the inflation device through a silicone hose and immersed in hot water for heating. Figure 6 h); After reaching the target heating time, inflation is performed to obtain the results of stage 2 ( Figure 6 i); After reheating and inflation, the inflatable structure deforms again, resulting in the outcome of stage 3. Figure 6 j).

[0061] This method can increase the volume of 3D printed parts by expanding the object during the inflation process, and at the same time, it can also expand the originally compact shape. Figure 7 The image shows a balloon dog shape created using this method. We designed two deformation modules that unfold into a rounded balloon shape after inflation. This inflation-deformation method avoids the support structure required for a round shape, saving printing time and material consumption while ensuring a smooth surface.

[0062] The structure produced using the method of this invention possesses a certain degree of structural elasticity; therefore, this method can integrate interactive functions into 3D printed parts through deformable structures. For example... Figure 8 As shown in the diagram, we demonstrate how a planar structure can be transformed into a pressable 3D button. Utilizing its airtightness and the elasticity of the material after expansion and stretching, this structure can be used to rapidly manufacture personalized interactive devices. Similarly, as... Figure 8 As shown in the example, we demonstrate a prototype game controller made using the shape of a constraint structure and the material elasticity of its base. It can stretch and adjust its stiffness in response to changes in air pressure, and also supports bending with multiple degrees of freedom. This structure can enhance the tactile experience in human-computer interaction and reduce the cost of customizing and personalizing interactive device prototypes.

[0063] The structure manufactured using the method of this invention is characterized by its light weight, large volume, and smooth surface, and can be used in various jewelry designs, decorative designs, packaging designs, lighting designs, and product designs. Figure 9 As shown, we present a set of wearable accessories made using this method, whose lightweight design and elegant translucency enhance their aesthetic value.

Claims

1. A method for designing and fabricating a controllable deformation 3D-printed cavity structure, characterized in that, The system comprises two parts: simulated inflation and actual production processing. The simulated inflation part primarily uses the user-inputted cavity structure geometric parameters, based on the target inflation volume, to perform dynamic mechanical inflation simulation and evaluation, visualizing the final inflation result and outputting a printable 3D model. The actual production processing part mainly involves 3D printing based on the 3D model output from the simulated inflation part. The 3D printed part is heated to soften it before being inflated with gas to obtain the deformed cavity structure. The heating and inflation parameters in this part are consistent with those in the simulated inflation part. The actual production processing part includes: S1, Printing the cavity structure: Based on the printable 3D model, use the slicing software that comes with the 3D printer to generate the printing file; S2, Heating the printed part: The formed 3D printed part is heated evenly to soften it. The heating temperature and time should be consistent with the simulated inflated part. S3, Inflate the printed part: Inflate the 3D printed part with gas through the air nozzle, causing it to expand until the target inflation volume is reached; S4, Cooling the Printed Part: Stop heating the 3D printed part after it has been inflated, maintain the current internal air pressure, cool it to obtain the hardened target shape, and finally release the internal air pressure.

2. The method for designing and fabricating a controllable deformation 3D printed cavity structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated inflation section specifically includes the following steps: Input cavity geometry: The user inputs a basic geometry composed of surfaces as the base part of the deformable cavity structure, and draws a geometric pattern composed of straight lines and / or curves on the surface of the basic geometry as the constraint part; finally, the user specifies a point on the surface as the marker point for generating the air nozzle; Set structural parameters: The thickness of the geometric surface in the base part is set by the user as the parameter of the inward offset along the normal direction. Set the offset parameter of the lines in the restricted section perpendicular to the surface as the restricted width, and the offset parameter along the normal inward as the restricted thickness; there should be a certain thickness difference between the thickness of the base part and the thickness of the restricted part. Dynamic inflation simulation: First, the base part is transformed into a mesh model composed of approximately equilateral triangles. Then, according to the user-input limit lines and their width parameters, the base part is re-meshed. The surface where the air nozzle marker is located by default is the anchoring part. All mesh points on this surface remain in the same position to ensure that the boundary is fixed and cannot be expanded. The dynamic inflation simulation is based on a position-based dynamics model and Kangaroo software. The mesh model is regarded as a spring system that follows Hooke's law. A constant force along the normal to the model surface is applied to the mesh vertices as the driving force for deformation. The mesh edges are like springs, and the corresponding elastic forces they generate are the constraint forces. When the force balance is reached, that is, when the overall energy is minimized, all mesh elements are stable, and the expansion shape can be simulated. The volume of the expanded structure is calculated in real time during the simulation until the target inflation volume is reached. Since the difference in the elastic deformation coefficient of different parts is determined by the user-preset material, heating time, and thickness parameters of different parts, the elastic deformation coefficient of different parts of the whole model after a certain heating time can be calculated. Thus, it can be determined that under the stable state when the target inflation volume is reached, different parts of the model will stretch to different degrees due to their different elastic deformation coefficients. Generate a printable model: Continuously adjust the basic geometric parameters of the base part and the line parameters of the constraint part until a satisfactory dynamic simulation effect is obtained. Based on the determined base part, constraint part, and air nozzle part, determine the solid, and perform Boolean operations on the obtained solid to obtain a printable 3D model.

3. The method for designing and fabricating a controllable deformation 3D-printed cavity structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, For FDM 3D printing, the thickness difference is greater than 0.8 mm.

4. The method for designing and fabricating a controllable deformation 3D printed cavity structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the dynamic inflation simulation, the basic part is re-meshed. Specifically, the lines in the limiting part are symmetrically offset to the left and right according to the set width to obtain a geometric pattern. The grid vertex of the basic part, which is composed of approximately equilateral triangles, that is closest to the projection of the geometric pattern on the grid is moved to the projection.

5. The method for designing and fabricating a controllable deformation 3D printed cavity structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, In dynamic inflation simulation, calculating the elastic deformation coefficient of different parts of the entire model after a certain heating time requires prior physical experiments and fitting to determine the relationship between different materials at specific heating temperatures, different thicknesses, and different heating times and the elastic deformation coefficient of the materials.

6. The method for designing and fabricating a controllable deformation 3D-printed cavity structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific heating temperature is T~T+20℃, where T is the glass transition temperature of the material.

7. The method for designing and fabricating a controllable deformation 3D printed cavity structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preliminary physical experiments include preparing samples of different thicknesses for different materials and measuring the tensile coefficient of the samples of different thicknesses after heating at a specific heating temperature for different times.

8. The method for designing and fabricating a controllable deformation 3D printed cavity structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of generating a printable model specifically includes: First, offsetting the geometric surfaces of the basic geometry inward along the normal direction according to the thickness parameters of the basic part to form a thin-walled closed cavity entity, forming the actual basic part; then, offsetting all the lines in the limiting part symmetrically to the left and right as the central axis according to the width parameters of the limiting part, forming a closed limiting part graphic; extruding and stretching the closed limiting part graphic into a solid according to the inward offset thickness parameters, forming the actual limiting part; subsequently, generating a standard pagoda-shaped air nozzle model at user-specified marker points, used to connect a silicone hose as a gas inlet; finally, the software performs Boolean operations on the three entities—the actual basic part, the actual limiting part, and the air nozzle part—to obtain the final printable 3D model.

9. A design and fabrication system for a controllable deformation 3D printed cavity structure, characterized in that, The system is used to implement the function of the simulated inflation portion as described in any one of claims 1-8, and to visualize the simulated inflation results.

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