Phase characteristics capability report for positioning

Abstract

Several techniques are provided in which mobile devices indicate to network nodes of the wireless communication network their ability to maintain phase offsets between Positioning Frequency Layers (PFLs), allowing the network to determine when a mobile device can stitch together PRS resources in different PFLs and accommodate UE 105 where possible.

Description

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of Indian Patent Application No. 202041045125, filed on October 16, 2020, entitled “Phase Characteristic Capability Report for Positioning,” which has been assigned to the assignee of this application and whose entire contents are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This invention generally relates to the field of wireless communication, and more specifically, to determining the location of a user equipment (UE) using radio frequency (RF) signals. Background Technology

[0004] In fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) mobile communication networks, radio network nodes (e.g., base stations or reference UEs) can transmit downlink (DL) location reference signals (PRS), which can be measured at the UE to determine the UE's location using any of a variety of network-based location methods. Location methods may also include the measurement of uplink (UL) reference signals (e.g., sounding reference signals (SRS)) transmitted by the UE and measured by one or more radio network nodes. Increased bandwidth of signals measured and / or transmitted by the UE can lead to increased accuracy. The network can acquire bandwidth-dependent UE capabilities to help ensure efficient bandwidth utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Several techniques are provided in which mobile devices indicate to network nodes of the wireless communication network their ability to maintain phase offsets between Positioning Frequency Layers (PFLs), allowing the network to determine when a mobile device can stitch together PRS resources in different PFLs and accommodate UE 105 where possible.

[0006] According to this disclosure, an example method for conducting wireless communication at a mobile device may include determining the mobile device's capability to coherently process a first reference signal of a first positioning frequency layer (PFL) and a second reference signal of a second PFL, wherein a phase characteristic exists between the first and second reference signals, and the capability includes the capability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold, the capability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is constant, or the capability not to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic exists, or any combination thereof. The method may also include providing an indication of the capability to network nodes.

[0007] According to this disclosure, an example method for wireless communication at a network node may include receiving from a mobile device an indication of the mobile device's capability to coherently process a first reference signal of a first positioning frequency layer (PFL) and a second reference signal of a second PFL, wherein a phase characteristic exists between the first and second reference signals, and the capability includes the capability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold, the capability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is constant, or the capability not to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic exists, or any combination thereof. The method may also include configuring the mobile device to receive the first and second reference signals based at least in part on the capability.

[0008] According to this disclosure, an example mobile device for wireless communication may include a transceiver, a memory, and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory. The one or more processors are configured to determine the mobile device's capability to coherently process a first reference signal of a first positioning frequency layer (PFL) and a second reference signal of a second PFL, wherein a phase characteristic exists between the first and second reference signals, and the capability includes the capability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold, the capability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is constant, or the capability not to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic exists, or any combination thereof. The one or more processors may also be configured to provide an indication of the capability to a network node.

[0009] According to this disclosure, an example network node for wireless communication may include a transceiver, a memory, and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory. The one or more processors are configured to receive from a mobile device an indication of the mobile device's capability to coherently process a first reference signal of a first positioning frequency layer (PFL) and a second reference signal of a second PFL, wherein a phase characteristic exists between the first and second reference signals, and the capability includes the capability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold, the capability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is constant, or the capability not to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic exists, or any combination thereof. The one or more processors may also be configured to configure the mobile device to receive the first and second reference signals based at least in part on this capability.

[0010] This summary is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used in isolation to define the scope of the claimed subject matter. The subject matter should be understood by referring to the appropriate portions of the entire specification, any or all of the drawings, and each claim. The foregoing, as well as other features and examples, will be described in more detail in the following description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a positioning system according to one embodiment.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a 5G NR positioning system according to one embodiment.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the frame structure and related terminology of an NR according to one embodiment.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating a sequence of wireless frames with PRS positioning timing according to one embodiment.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating different reference signal structures according to one embodiment of the reference signal.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a hierarchical structure diagram of PRS resources currently defined in 5G NR.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a timing diagram illustrating two different options for the use of time slots in a resource set according to one embodiment.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how PRS resources of different Positioning Frequency Layers (PFLs) are located at different frequencies relative to each other, according to some embodiments.

[0019] Figure 9-13 It is similar to Figure 8 The diagram illustrates how the reference signals propagate relative to each other in frequency and time.

[0020] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of a method for wireless communication at a mobile device according to one embodiment.

[0021] Figure 15 This is a flowchart of a method for wireless communication at a network node according to one embodiment.

[0022] Figure 16 This is a block diagram of a UE according to one embodiment.

[0023] Figure 17 This is a block diagram of a transmit / receive point (TRP) according to one embodiment.

[0024] Figure 18 This is a block diagram of one embodiment of a computer system.

[0025] Depending on some example implementations, the same reference numerals in the figures denote the same elements. Furthermore, multiple instances of an element can be indicated by a letter or hyphen following the first digit of the element, followed by a second digit. For example, multiple instances of element 110 can be indicated as 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, etc., or 110a, 110b, 110c, etc. When only the first digit is used to refer to the element, it should be understood to refer to any instance of the element (e.g., element 110 in the previous examples would refer to elements 110-1, 110-2, and 110-3, or elements 110a, 110b, and 110c). Detailed Implementation

[0026] For the purpose of describing the innovative aspects of various embodiments, the following description is directed to certain implementations. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the teachings herein can be applied in many different ways. The described implementations can be implemented in any device, system, or network capable of transmitting and receiving radio frequency (RF) signals according to any communication standard, such as the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) IEEE... The 802.11 standard (including those recognized as Wi-Fi technology), Bluetooth standard, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), GSM / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), Terrestrial Trunking Radio (TETRA), Wideband CDMA (W-CDMA), Evolved Data Optimized (EV-DO), 1xEV-DO, EV-DO Version A, EV-DO Version B, High-Speed ​​Packet Data (HRPD), High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), High-Speed ​​Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High-Speed ​​Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), Evolved High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA+), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Advanced Mobile Phone Systems (AMPS), or other known signals used for communication within wireless, cellular, or Internet of Things (IoT) networks, such as systems utilizing 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, or further implementations thereof.

[0027] Several illustrative embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are also part of the embodiments. While some embodiments that may implement one or more aspects of this disclosure have been described below, other embodiments may be used, and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0028] A UE may have certain capabilities regarding the ability to aggregate reference signals transmitted by one or more transmit / receive points (TRPs) across multiple frequency layers (FLs) (also referred to herein as "positioning frequency layers" (PFLs)). Using multiple reference signals across multiple PFLs can effectively increase the bandwidth of the reference signals used for measurements to determine the UE's positioning. More specifically, this increase in bandwidth is achieved by aggregating the reference signals (e.g., jointly processing the reference signals in the signal domain). The UE's ability to aggregate or transmit these reference signals may be limited by channel spacing, timing offset, phase offset (or phase misalignment), frequency error, power imbalance, and other such factors between the reference signals of different PFLs. The embodiments provided herein provide a way in which the UE can provide a report with an indication of its capabilities regarding phase characteristics. The network can respond, for example, by configuring the UE accordingly. Additional details are provided herein.

[0029] As used herein, "RF signal" refers to electromagnetic waves that transmit information through space between a transmitter (or transmitting device) and a receiver (or receiving device). As used herein, a transmitter may send a single "RF signal" or multiple "RF signals" to a receiver. However, due to the propagation characteristics of RF signals through multipath channels, a receiver may receive multiple "RF signals" corresponding to each transmitted RF signal. The same transmitted RF signal on different paths between the transmitter and receiver can be referred to as a "multipath" RF signal.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a simplified illustration of a positioning system 100 according to one embodiment, wherein a UE 105, a positioning server 160, and / or other components of the positioning system 100 may use the techniques provided herein to provide a phase characteristic capability report for the UE's positioning. The techniques described herein may be implemented by one or more components of the positioning system 100. The positioning system 100 may include: a UE 105; one or more satellites 110 (also referred to as spacecraft (SV)) for a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), such as Global Positioning System (GPS), GLONASS, Galileo, or BeiDou; a base station 120; an access point (AP) 130; a positioning server 160; a network 170; and an external client 180. Typically, the positioning system 100 may estimate the position of the UE 105 based on RF signals received by and / or transmitted from the UE 105 and the known positions of other components transmitting and / or receiving RF signals (e.g., GNSS satellite 110, base station 120, AP 130). Reference will be made below. Figure 2 Further details regarding location-specific estimation techniques will be discussed.

[0031] It should be noted that, Figure 1Only a general description of the various components is provided; any or all of them can be used appropriately, and each can be copied as needed. Specifically, although only one UE105 is shown, it should be understood that many UEs (e.g., hundreds, thousands, millions, etc.) can utilize positioning system 100. Similarly, positioning system 100 may include more than Figure 1 The diagram shows a greater or lesser number of base stations 120 and / or access points 130. The illustrated connections of the various components in the positioning system 100 include data and signaling connections, which may include additional (intermediate) components, direct or indirect physical and / or wireless connections and / or additional networks. Furthermore, components may be rearranged, combined, separated, replaced, and / or omitted depending on the desired functionality. In some embodiments, for example, an external client 180 may connect directly to the positioning server 160. Those skilled in the art will recognize numerous modifications to the illustrated components.

[0032] Depending on the desired functionality, network 170 may include any of a variety of wireless and / or wired networks. Network 170 may include, for example, any combination of public and / or private networks, local area networks (LANs) and / or wide area networks (WANs). Furthermore, network 170 may utilize one or more wired and / or wireless communication technologies. In some embodiments, network 170 may include, for example, cellular or other mobile networks, wireless local area networks (WLANs), wireless wide area networks (WWANs), and / or the Internet. Examples of network 170 include Long Term Evolution (LTE) wireless networks, fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks (also known as New Radio (NR) wireless networks or 5G NR wireless networks), WLANs, and the Internet. LTE, 5G, and NR are wireless technologies defined or being defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Network 170 may also include more than one network and / or more than one type of network.

[0033] Base station 120 and access point (AP) 130 can be communicatively coupled to network 170. In some embodiments, base station 120s may be owned, maintained, and / or operated by a cellular network provider and may employ any of a variety of wireless technologies, as described below. Depending on the technology of network 170, base station 120 may include Node B, evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB), base transceiver station (BTS), radio base station (RBS), NR Node B (gNB), next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), etc. Base station 120 as gNB or ng-eNB may be part of a next-generation radio access network (NG-RAN), which may be connected to a 5G core network (5GC) if network 170 is a 5G network. For example, AP 130 may include a Wi-Fi AP or Bluetooth AP or an AP with cellular capabilities (e.g., 4G LTE and / or 5G NR). Therefore, by accessing network 170 via base station 120 using first communication link 133, UE 105 can send and receive information with network-connected devices such as location server 160. Additionally or alternatively, because AP 130 can also be communicatively coupled to network 170, UE 105 can communicate with network-connected and Internet-connected devices, including location server 160, via a second communication link 135 or via one or more other UEs 145.

[0034] As used herein, the term "base station" can generally refer to a single physical transmission point, or multiple physical transmission points located in the same location at base station 120. A transmit / receive point (TRP) (also called a transmit / receive point) corresponds to this type of transmission point, and the term "TRP" is used interchangeably with the terms "gNB," "ng-eNB," and "base station." In some cases, base station 120 may include multiple TRPs, for example, each TRP associated with a different antenna or different antenna array of base station 120. A physical transmission point may include the antenna array of base station 120 (e.g., in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system and / or where the base station employs beamforming). The term "base station" may also refer to multiple physical transmission points not located in the same location, which may be a distributed antenna system (DAS) (a spatially separated antenna network connected to a common source via a transmission medium) or a remote radio headend (RRH) (a remote base station connected to a serving base station). Alternatively, physical transmission points not located in the same location may be the serving base station receiving measurement reports from UE 105 and neighboring base stations where UE 105 is measuring its reference RF signal.

[0035] As used herein, the term "cell" generally refers to a logical communication entity used to communicate with base station 120 and may be associated with an identifier (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID)) used to distinguish adjacent cells operating via the same or different carriers. In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells and may be configured with different cell types based on different protocol types that can provide access to different types of devices (e.g., Machine-Type Communication (MTC), Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), or others). In some cases, the term "cell" may refer to a portion of the geographic coverage area on which a logical entity operates (e.g., a sector).

[0036] Location server 160 may include servers and / or other computing devices configured to determine the estimated location of UE 105 and / or provide data (e.g., “auxiliary data”) to UE 105 to facilitate location measurement and / or location determination by UE 105. According to some embodiments, location server 160 may include a Home Safe Subscriber Plane Positioning (SUPL) platform (H-SLP) that can support SUPL Subscriber Plane (UP) positioning solutions defined by the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) and can support location services for UE 105 based on subscription information of UE 105 stored in location server 160. In some embodiments, location server 160 may include a Discovered SLP (D-SLP) or an Emergency SLP (E-SLP). Location server 160 may also include an Enhanced Serving Mobility Location Center (E-SMLC) that uses a Control Plane (CP) positioning solution for LTE radio access by UE 105 to support the positioning of UE 105. The positioning server 160 may also include a location management function (LMF) that uses a control plane (CP) positioning solution for NR or LTE radio access by the UE 105 to support the positioning of the UE 105.

[0037] In the CP positioning solution, from the perspective of network 170, signaling for controlling and managing the location of UE 105 can be exchanged as signaling between components of network 170 using existing network interfaces and protocols, as well as with UE 105. In the UP positioning solution, from the perspective of network 170, signaling for controlling and managing the location of UE 105 can be exchanged as data (e.g., data transmitted using Internet Protocol (IP) and / or Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)) between positioning server 160 and UE 105.

[0038] As previously described (and discussed in more detail below), the estimated location of UE 105 can be based on measurements of RF signals transmitted from and / or received by UE 105. Specifically, these measurements can provide information about the relative distance and / or angle between UE 105 and one or more components in positioning system 100 (e.g., GNSS satellite 110, AP 130, base station 120). Based on the distance and / or angle measurements and the known locations of one or more components, the estimated location of UE 105 can be estimated geometrically (e.g., using multi-angle and / or multi-point positioning).

[0039] While ground components such as AP 130 and base station 120 may be fixed, the embodiments are not limited thereto. Mobile components may be used. For example, in some embodiments, the location of UE 105 may be estimated at least in part based on measurements of RF signals 140 communicating between UE 105 and one or more other UEs 145 (which may be mobile or fixed). When one or more other UEs 145 are used in determining the location of a particular UE 105, the UE 105 for which its location is to be determined may be referred to as the “target UE,” and each of the one or more other UEs 145 used may be referred to as the “anchor UE.” For the location determination of the target UE, the corresponding locations of the one or more anchor UEs may be known and / or jointly determined with the target UE. Direct communication between one or more other UEs 145 and UE 105 may include sidelinks and / or similar device-to-device (D2D) communication technologies. A sidelink, as defined by 3GPP, is a form of D2D communication under cellular-based LTE and NR standards.

[0040] The estimated location of UE 105 can be used in various applications, such as assisting the user of UE 105 in direction finding or navigation, or assisting another user (e.g., associated with external client 180) in locating UE 105. "Location" is also referred to herein as "location estimation," "estimated location," "location," "position," "location estimate," "fixed location," "estimated position," "fixed location," or "fixed." The process of determining location can be referred to as "location," "location determination," "location determination," etc. The location of UE 105 can include the absolute location of UE 105 (e.g., latitude and longitude and possible altitude) or the relative location of UE 105 (e.g., represented as north or south, east or west, and possibly above or below some other known fixed location (including, for example, the location of base station 120 or AP 130) or some other location (such as the location of UE 105 at some known previous time, or the location of another UE 145 at some known previous time)). Location can be specified as a geodetic location including coordinates, which can be absolute (e.g., latitude, longitude, and optional altitude), relative (e.g., relative to a known absolute location), or local (e.g., X, Y, and optional Z coordinates according to a coordinate system defined relative to a local area such as a factory, warehouse, university campus, shopping mall, sports field, or conference center). Location can also be a city location, which can include street addresses (e.g., names or labels including country, state, county, city, road, and / or street, and / or road or street numbers), and / or labels or names of locations, buildings, portions of buildings, floors of buildings, and / or rooms within buildings. Location can also include indications of uncertainty or error, such as horizontal and possibly vertical distances from which an error can be expected, or an indication of the area or volume (e.g., circular or elliptical) where the expected UE 105 is located with a certain degree of confidence (e.g., 95% confidence).

[0041] External client 180 may be a web server or remote application that is associated with UE 105 in some way (e.g., accessible to users of UE 105), or it may be a server, application, or computer system that provides location services to other users, including acquiring and providing the location of UE 105 (e.g., enabling services such as a friend or relative finder or a child or pet location service). Additionally or alternatively, external client 180 may acquire and provide the location of UE 105 to emergency service providers, government agencies, etc.

[0042] As previously mentioned, the example positioning system 100 can be implemented using a wireless communication network, such as an LTE-based or 5G NR-based network. Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a 5G NR positioning system 200, illustrating an embodiment of a positioning system (e.g., positioning system 100) implementing 5G NR. The 5G NR positioning system 200 can be configured to determine the location of UE 105 by performing one or more positioning methods using access nodes. The access nodes may include NR NodeBs (gNBs) 210-1 and 210-2 (collectively referred to herein as gNB 210), ng-eNB 214, and / or WLAN 216. gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214 may correspond to... Figure 1 Base station 120, and WLAN 216 can correspond to Figure 1 One or more access points 130. Optionally, the 5G NR positioning system 200 can also be configured to determine the location of the UE 105 by performing one or more positioning methods using an LMF 220 (which may correspond to a positioning server 160). Here, the 5G NR positioning system 200 includes the UE 105, and components of a 5G NR network including a next-generation (NG) radio access network (RAN) (NG-RAN) 235 and a 5G core network (5G CN) 240. The 5G network may also be referred to as an NR network; the NG-RAN 235 may be referred to as a 5G RAN or NR RAN; and the 5G CN 240 may be referred to as an NG core network. The 5G NR positioning system 200 may further utilize information from GNSS satellites 110 of GNSS systems such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) or similar systems (e.g., GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS)). Additional components of the 5G NR positioning system 200 are described below. The 5G NR positioning system 200 may include additional or alternative components.

[0043] It should be noted that, Figure 2 This is only a general description of the various components; any or all of them can be used appropriately, and each can be copied or omitted as needed. Specifically, although only one UE 105 is shown, it should be understood that many UEs (e.g., hundreds, thousands, millions, etc.) can utilize the 5G NR positioning system 200. Similarly, the 5G NR positioning system 200 may include a larger (or smaller) number of GNSS satellites 110, gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, wireless local area network (WLAN) 216, access and mobility management function (AMF) 215, external client 230, and / or other components. The connections of the various components in the illustrated 5G NR positioning system 200 include data and signaling connections, which may include additional (intermediate) components, direct or indirect physical and / or wireless connections, and / or additional networks. Furthermore, components can be rearranged, combined, separated, replaced, and / or omitted depending on the desired functionality.

[0044] UE 105 may include and / or be referred to as a device, mobile device, wireless device, mobile terminal, terminal, mobile station (MS), SET supporting Secure User Plane Positioning (SUPL), or other names. Furthermore, UE 105 may correspond to a mobile phone, smartphone, laptop, tablet, personal data assistant (PDA), tracking device, navigation device, Internet of Things (IoT) device, or some other portable or mobile device. Typically, but not necessarily, UE 105 may support wireless communication using one or more Radio Access Technologies (RATs), such as using GSM, CDMA, W-CDMA, LTE, High-Speed ​​Packet Data (HRPD), IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi®, Bluetooth, Global Microwave Access Interoperability (WiMAX™), 5G NR (e.g., using NG-RAN 235 and 5G CN 240), etc. UE 105 may also support wireless communication using WLAN 216, which (like one or more RATs, and as previously referenced) Figure 1 The RAT (as described) can connect to other networks, such as the Internet. The use of one or more of these RATs can allow the UE 105 to communicate with an external client 230 (e.g., via...). Figure 2 The components of the 5G CN 240 not shown in the figure, or possibly via a gateway mobile location center (GMLC) 225) and / or allow an external client 230 to receive location information about the UE 105 (e.g., via GMLC 225). Figure 2 The external client 230 can correspond to Figure 1 External clients 180, such as those implemented in or communicatively coupled to a 5G NR network.

[0045] UE 105 may include a single entity or may include multiple entities, such as in a personal area network, where the user may use audio, video, and / or data I / O devices and / or body sensors, as well as separate wired or wireless modems. The estimation of the location of UE 105 may be referred to as positioning, location estimation, location determination, etc., and may be geographic, providing the location coordinates of UE 105 (e.g., latitude and longitude), which may or may not include an altitude component (e.g., altitude above sea level, altitude or depth above or below ground level, floor level, or basement level). Optionally, the location of UE 105 may be represented as a city location (e.g., as a postal address or a marker of a point or small area within a building, such as a specific room or floor). The location of UE 105 may also be represented as an area or volume in which UE 105 expects to be located with a certain probability or confidence level (e.g., 67%, 95%, etc.) (defined in geographic or city form). The location of the UE 105 can also be a relative location, which includes, for example, distance and direction defined relative to an origin at a known location, or relative X, Y (and Z) coordinates, which can be defined geographically, in municipal terms, or by a point, area, or volume indicated on a reference map, floor plan, or building plan. In the description contained herein, unless otherwise stated, the use of the term "location" can include any of these variations. When calculating the location of the UE, local x, y, and possibly z coordinates are typically solved, and then, if necessary, the local coordinates are converted to absolute coordinates (e.g., latitude, longitude, and altitude above or below mean sea level).

[0046] Figure 2 The base station shown in NG-RAN 235 can correspond to Figure 1 The base station 120 in NG-RAN 235 may include gNB 210. The gNB 210 pairs in NG-RAN 235 can be connected to each other (e.g., as shown in the image). Figure 2 (As shown, a direct connection or an indirect connection via other gNB 210). The communication interface between the base stations (gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214) may be referred to as the Xn interface 237. 5G network access is provided to UE 105 via wireless communication between UE 105 and one or more gNBs 210. The gNB 210 may use 5G NR to provide wireless communication access to the 5G CN 240 on behalf of UE 105. The radio interface between the base stations (gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214) and UE 105 may be referred to as the Uu interface 239. 5G NR radio access may also be referred to as NR radio access or 5G radio access. Figure 2In this context, assuming the serving gNB for UE 105 is gNB 210-1, if UE 105 moves to another location, other gNBs (e.g., gNB 210-2) can act as serving gNBs or as auxiliary gNBs to provide additional throughput and bandwidth to UE 105.

[0047] Figure 2 The base stations in the NG-RAN 235 shown may also, or alternatively, include a next-generation evolved Node B, also known as an ng-eNB 214. The ng-eNB 214 may connect to one or more gNBs 210 in the NG-RAN 235, for example, directly or indirectly via other gNBs 210 and / or other ng-eNBs. The ng-eNB 214 may provide LTE radio access and / or evolved LTE (eLTE) radio access to the UE 105. Figure 2 Some gNBs 210 (e.g., gNB 210-2) and / or ng-eNBs 214 can be configured to act as location-only beacons, which can transmit signals (e.g., a location reference signal (PRS)) and / or broadcast auxiliary data to assist the positioning of UE 105, but may not receive signals from UE 105 or other UEs. Some gNBs 210 (e.g., gNB 210-2 and / or another gNB not shown) and / or ng-eNBs 214 can be configured to act as detection-only nodes, which can scan for signals containing, for example, PRS data, auxiliary data, or other positioning data. Such detection-only nodes may not transmit signals or data to the UE, but may transmit signals or data (e.g., related to PRS, auxiliary data, or other positioning data) to other network entities (e.g., one or more components of the 5G CN 240, external client 230, or controller), which may receive and store or use the data to locate at least UE 105. Note that although in Figure 2 Only one ng-eNB 214 is shown, but some embodiments may include multiple ng-eNB 214s. Base stations (e.g., gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214) can communicate directly with each other via the Xn communication interface. Additionally or alternatively, base stations may communicate directly or indirectly with other components of the 5G NR positioning system 200, such as LMF 220 and AMF 215.

[0048] The 5G NR positioning system 200 may also include one or more WLANs 216, which can connect to the non-3GPP interoperability function (N3IWF) 250 in the 5G CN 240 (e.g., in the case of an untrusted WLAN 216). For example, the WLAN 216 may support IEEE 802.11 radio access for UE 105 and may include one or more wireless APs (e.g., Figure 1 (AP 130). Here, N3IWF 250 can connect to other components in 5G CN 240, such as AMF 215. In some embodiments, WLAN 216 can support another RAT, such as Bluetooth. N3IWF 250 can support secure access of UE 105 to other components in 5G CN 240, and / or can support interoperability between one or more protocols used by WLAN 216 and UE 105 and one or more protocols used by other components of 5G CN 240 (e.g., AMF 215). For example, N3IWF 250 can support establishing an IPSec tunnel with UE 105, terminating the IKEv2 / IPSec protocol with UE 105, terminating the N2 and N3 interfaces to 5GCN 240 for the control plane and user plane respectively, and relaying uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) control plane non-access stratum (NAS) signaling between UE 105 and AMF 215 via the N1 interface. In some other embodiments, WLAN 216 can be directly connected to components in the 5G CN240 (e.g., Figure 2 The dashed line indicates AMF 215), not N3IWF 250. For example, if WLAN216 is a trusted WLAN for 5G CN 240, and Trusted WLAN Interoperability (TWIF) can be used ( Figure 2 (Not shown in the image) When enabled, a direct connection between WLAN 216 and 5G CN 240 can occur, and the WLAN interoperability function can be a component within WLAN 216. Note that although... Figure 2 Only one WLAN 216 is shown, but some embodiments may include multiple WLANs 216.

[0049] The access node may include any of a variety of network entities capable of enabling communication between UE 105 and AMF 215. As mentioned above, it may include gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, WLAN 216, and / or other types of cellular base stations. However, the access node providing the functionality described herein may additionally or alternatively include entities capable of communicating with... Figure 2An entity communicating with any of the various RATs not shown may include non-cellular technologies. Therefore, the term "access node" as used in the embodiments described below may include, but is not limited to, gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, or WLAN 216.

[0050] In some embodiments, access nodes, such as gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, and / or WLAN 216 (alone or in combination with other components of the 5G NR positioning system 200), can be configured to, in response to receiving a location information request from LMF 220, acquire location measurements of uplink (UL) signals received from UE 105, and / or acquire downlink (DL) location measurements from UE 105, the measurements being obtained by UE 105 for DL ​​signals received by UE 105 from one or more access nodes. As described above, although Figure 2 Access nodes (gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, and WLAN 216) configured to communicate according to 5G NR, LTE, and WiFi communication protocols are depicted. However, access nodes configured to communicate according to other communication protocols can also be used, such as a Node B using the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) protocol for Universal Mobile Telecommunications Services (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN), an eNB using the LTE protocol for Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), or a Bluetooth beacon using the Bluetooth protocol for WLAN. For example, in a 4G Evolved Packet System (EPS) providing LTE radio access to UE 105, the RAN may include an E-UTRAN, which may include base stations, and the base stations may include eNBs supporting LTE radio access. The core network for the EPS may include an Evolved Packet Core (EPC). The EPS may include an E-UTRAN and an EPC, where the E-UTRAN corresponds to NG-RAN 235, and the EPC corresponds to... Figure 2 The method and techniques described in this paper for obtaining the city location of UE 105 can be applied to other such networks.

[0051] GNB 210 and ng-eNB 214 can communicate with AMF 215, which in turn communicates with LMF 220 for location functionality. AMF 215 can support UE 105 mobility, including cell changes and handovers from the access node of the first RAT (e.g., gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, or WLAN 216) to the access node of the second RAT. AMF 215 can also participate in supporting signaling connections to UE 105 and may support UE 105's data and voice bearers. When UE 105 accesses NG-RAN 235 or WLAN 216, LMF 220 can support the use of CP positioning solutions to locate UE 105, and can support positioning procedures and methods, including UE-assisted / UE-based and / or network-based procedures / methods, such as Assisted GNSS (A-GNSS), Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) (which may be called Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) in NR), Real-Time Kinematics (RTK), Precise Point Positioning (PPP), Differential GNSS (DGNSS), Enhanced Cell ID (ECID), Angle of Arrival (AOA), Angle of Departure (AOD), WLAN positioning, Round-Trip Propagation Delay (RTT), Multi-Cell RTT, and / or other positioning procedures and methods. LMF 220 can also handle, for example, positioning service requests for UE 105 received from AMF 215 or GMLC 225. LMF 220 can connect to AMF 215 and / or GMLC 225. In some embodiments, networks such as 5G CN 240 may additionally or alternatively implement other types of location support modules, such as evolved Serving Mobility Location Center (E-SMLC) or SUPL Location Platform (SLP). Note that in some embodiments, at least a portion of the location functionality (including determining the location of UE 105) may be performed at UE 105 (e.g., by measuring downlink PRS (DL-PRS) signals transmitted by radio nodes such as gNB 210, ng-eNB-214 and / or WLAN 216, and / or using auxiliary data provided to UE 105, for example, by LMF 220).

[0052] Gateway Mobility Center (GMLC) 225 can support location requests for UE 105 received from external client 230 and can forward such location requests to AMF 215, which in turn forwards them to LMF 220. Location responses from LMF 220 (e.g., containing location estimates for UE 105) can similarly be returned to GMLC 225, either directly or via AMF 215, and then GMLC 225 can return the location response (e.g., containing location estimates) to external client 230.

[0053] Network Exposure Function (NEF) 245 may be included in 5GCN 240. NEF 245 may support the secure exposure of capabilities and events concerning 5GCN 240 and UE 105 to external client 230, which may be referred to as an Access Function (AF), and may securely provide information from external client 230 to 5GCN 240. NEF 245 may connect to AMF 215 and / or GMLC 225 to obtain the location of UE 105 (e.g., city location) and provide that location to external client 230.

[0054] like Figure 2 As further illustrated, the LMF 220 can communicate with the gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214 using the NR Positioning Protocol Annex (NRPPa) defined in 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 38.455. NRPPa messages can be transmitted between the gNB 210 and LMF 220 and / or between the ng-eNB 214 and LMF 220 via the AMF 215. Figure 2 As further illustrated, LMF 220 and UE 105 can communicate using the LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) defined in 3GPP TS 37.355. Here, LPP messages can be transmitted between UE 105 and LMF 220 via AMF 215 and the serving gNB 210-1 or serving ng-eNB 214 for UE 105. For example, LPP messages can be transmitted between LMF 220 and AMF 215 using service-based operation messages (e.g., based on Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)), and can also be transmitted between AMF 215 and UE 105 using the 5G NAS protocol. The LPP protocol can be used to support positioning of UE 105 using UE-assisted and / or UE-based positioning methods, such as A-GNSS, RTK, TDOA, multi-cell RTT, AOD, and / or ECID. The NRPPa protocol can be used to support the location of UE 105 using network-based location methods (such as ECID, AOA, uplink TDOA (UL-TDOA)), and / or can be used by LMF 220 to obtain location-related information from gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214, such as defining parameters of DL-PRS transmissions from gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214.

[0055] When UE 105 accesses WLAN 216, LMF 220 can obtain the location of UE 105 using NRPPa and / or LPP in a manner similar to that described above when UE 105 accesses gNB 210 or ng-eNB 214. Therefore, NRPPa messages can be transmitted between WLAN 216 and LMF 220 via AMF 215 and N3IWF 250 to support network-based location of UE 105 and / or the transmission of other location information from WLAN 216 to LMF 220. Optionally, NRPPa messages can be transmitted between N3IWF 250 and LMF 220 via AMF 215 to support network-based location of UE 105 based on location-related information and / or location measurements known or accessible to N3IWF 250 and transmitted from N3IWF 250 to LMF 220 using NRPPa. Similarly, LPP and / or LPP messages can be transmitted between UE105 and LMF 220 via UE 105's AMF 215, N3IWF 250 and Serving WLAN 216 to support UE-assisted or UE-based positioning of UE 105 by LMF 220.

[0056] In the 5G NR positioning system 200, the positioning method can be classified as "UE-assisted" or "UE-based." This may depend on where the request to determine the location of UE 105 originates. For example, if the request originates from the UE (e.g., from an application or "app" executed by the UE), the positioning method can be classified as UE-based. On the other hand, if the request originates from an external client or other devices or services within the AF 230, LMF 220, or 5G network, the positioning method can be classified as UE-assisted (or "network-based").

[0057] Using a UE-assisted positioning method, UE 105 can obtain positioning measurements and send them to a positioning server (e.g., LMF 220) to calculate a positioning estimate for UE 105. For RAT-dependent positioning methods, positioning measurements may include Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Round-Trip Time (RTT), Reference Received Power (RSRP), Reference Received Quality (RSRQ), Reference Time Difference (RSTD), Time of Arrival (TOA), AOA, Receive Time-Transmit Time Difference (Rx-Tx), Differential AOA (DAOA), AOD, or timing advance (TA) for gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, and / or one or more access points for WLAN 216. Additionally or alternatively, similar measurements may be performed on sidelink signals transmitted by other UEs, which, if the location of the other UEs is known, can be used as anchors for positioning UE 105. Positioning measurements may also include, or alternatively include, measurements for positioning methods independent of RAT, such as GNSS (e.g., GNSS pseudorange, GNSS code phase and / or GNSS carrier phase of GNSS satellite 110), WLAN, etc.

[0058] Using a UE-based positioning method, UE 105 can obtain a location measurement (e.g., which may be the same as or similar to the location measurement of a UE-assisted positioning method), and can further calculate the location of UE 105 (e.g., by means of auxiliary data received from a positioning server such as LMF220, SLP or broadcast by gNB 210, ng-eNB 214 or WLAN 216).

[0059] Using a network-based positioning method, one or more base stations (e.g., gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214), one or more APs (e.g., in WLAN 216), or N3IWF 250 can obtain location measurements (e.g., RSSI, RTT, RSRP, RSRQ, AOA, or TOA) of signals transmitted by UE 105, and / or can receive measurements obtained by UE 105 or by APs in WLAN 216 in the case of N3IWF 250, and can send the measurements to a positioning server (e.g., LMF220) for calculating the location estimate of UE 105.

[0060] Depending on the type of signal used for positioning, the positioning of UE 105 can also be classified as UL-based, DL-based, or DL-UL-based. For example, if positioning is based solely on signals received at UE 105 (e.g., from a base station or other UEs), positioning can be classified as DL-based. On the other hand, if positioning is based solely on signals transmitted by UE 105 (e.g., signals that can be received by a base station or other UEs), positioning can be classified as UL-based. DL-UL-based positioning includes positioning based on signals transmitted and received by UE 105, such as RTT-based positioning. Sidelink (SL) assisted positioning includes signals communicated between UE 105 and one or more other UEs. According to some embodiments, the UL, DL, or DL-UL positioning described herein can use SL signaling as a supplement to or replacement of SL, DL, or DL-UL signaling.

[0061] Depending on the type of positioning (e.g., UL-based, DL-based, or DL-UL-based), the type of reference signal used can vary. For example, for DL-based positioning, these signals may include PRS (e.g., DL-PRS transmitted by the base station or SL-PRS transmitted by other UEs), which can be used for TDOA, AOD, and RTT measurements. Other reference signals that can be used for positioning (UL, DL, or DL-UL) may include probe reference signals (SRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), synchronization signals (e.g., synchronization signal block (SSB) synchronization signal (SS)), physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), etc. Furthermore, reference signals may be transmitted in the transmit beam and / or received in the receive beam (e.g., using beamforming techniques), which may affect angle measurements such as AoD and / or AoA.

[0062] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates an example of the NR frame structure and related terminology, which can serve as the basis for physical layer communication between UE 105 and the base station / TRP. The transmission timeline for each of the downlink and uplink can be divided into radio frame units. Each radio frame can have a predetermined duration (e.g., 10 ms) and can be divided into 10 subframes, each 1 ms long, indexed from 0 to 9. Depending on the subcarrier spacing, each subframe can include a variable number of time slots. Depending on the subcarrier spacing, each time slot can include a variable number of symbol periods (e.g., 7 or 14 symbols). Indices can be assigned to the symbol periods within each time slot. Micro-slots can include sub-slot structures (e.g., 2, 3, or 4 symbols). Figure 3The diagram also illustrates the complete orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) of a subframe, showing how a subframe is divided into multiple resource blocks (RBs) in both time and frequency. A single RB can comprise a grid of resource elements (REs) spanning 14 symbols and 12 subcarriers.

[0063] Each symbol in a time slot can indicate link direction (e.g., downlink (DL), uplink (UL), or flexible) or data transmission, and the link direction can be dynamically switched for each subframe. Link direction can be based on the time slot format. Each time slot can include DL / UL data and DL / UL control information. In NR, synchronization signal (SS) blocks are transmitted. SS blocks include the primary SS (PSS), secondary SS (SSS), and a two-symbol physical broadcast channel (PBCH). SS blocks can be transmitted at fixed time slot locations, such as... Figure 3 The symbols shown are 0-3. The UE can use PSS and SSS for cell search and acquisition. PSS provides half-frame timing, and SS provides cyclic prefix (CP) length and frame timing. PSS and SSS can provide cell identity. PBCH carries some basic system information, such as downlink system bandwidth, intra-radio frame timing information, SS burst set period, system frame number, etc.

[0064] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a radio frame sequence 400 with a PRS positioning timing. A “PRS instance” or “PRS timing” is an instance of a periodically repeating time window (e.g., a set of one or more consecutive time slots) in which PRS is expected to be transmitted. A PRS timing may also be referred to as a “PRS positioning timing,” “PRS positioning instance,” “positioning timing,” “positioning instance,” or simply “timing” or “instance.” Subframe sequence 400 can be used for broadcasting PRS signals (DL-PRS signals) from base station 120 in positioning system 100. Radio frame sequence 400 can be used in 5G NR (e.g., 5G NR positioning system 200) and / or LTE. Similar to… Figure 3 Time in Figure 4 The horizontal representation (e.g., on the X-axis) shows time increasing from left to right. The vertical representation (e.g., on the Y-axis) shows frequency increasing (or decreasing) from bottom to top.

[0065] Figure 4This illustrates how PRS positioning timings 410-1, 410-2, and 410-3 (collectively referred to herein as positioning timing 410) are determined by the system frame number (SFN), cell-specific subframe offset (ΔPRS) 415, the length or span of the LPRS subframe, and the PRS periodicity (TPRS) 420. The cell-specific PRS subframe configuration can be defined by the "PRS Configuration Index" IPRS included in auxiliary data (e.g., TDOA auxiliary data), which can be defined by the 3GPP management standard. The cell-specific subframe offset (ΔPRS) 415 can be defined based on the number of subframes transmitted from system frame number (SFN) 0 to the start of the first (subsequent) PRS positioning timing.

[0066] PRS can be transmitted by a wireless node (e.g., base station 120) after appropriate configuration (e.g., by an operations and maintenance (O&M) server). PRS can be transmitted in specific positioning subframes or time slots grouped into positioning timing 410. For example, PRS positioning timing 410-1 may include NPRS consecutive positioning subframes, where NPRS can be between 1 and 160 (e.g., it may include values ​​1, 2, 4, and 6, as well as other values). PRS timing 410 can be divided into one or more PRS timing groups. As described above, PRS positioning timing 410 can occur periodically at millisecond (or subframe) intervals, represented by TPRS, where TPRS can be equal to 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640, or 1280 (or any other suitable value). In some embodiments, TPRS can be measured based on the number of subframes between the start of consecutive positioning timings.

[0067] In some embodiments, when UE 105 receives the PRS configuration index IPRS in auxiliary data for a specific cell (e.g., a base station), UE 105 can use the stored index data to determine the PRS periodic TPRS 420 and the cell-specific subframe offset (ΔPRS) 415. Then, when scheduling the PRS in the cell, UE 105 can determine the radio frame, subframe, and time slot. The auxiliary data can be provided by, for example, a positioning server (e.g., Figure 1 Location server 160 and / or Figure 2 The LMF 220 in the data is used to determine the reference cell and includes auxiliary data from multiple neighboring cells supported by various radio nodes.

[0068] Typically, PRS timings from all cells using the same frequency in the network are time-aligned and can have a fixed, known time offset relative to other cells using different frequencies in the network (e.g., cell-specific subframe offset (ΔPRS) 415). In an SFN synchronous network, all radio nodes (e.g., base station 120) can be aligned on frame boundaries and system frame numbers. Therefore, in an SFN-synchronous network, all cells supported by various radio nodes can use the same PRS configuration index for any specific frequency of PRS transmission. On the other hand, in an SFN-asynchronous network, various radio nodes can be aligned on frame boundaries rather than on system frame numbers. Therefore, in an SFN-asynchronous network, the PRS configuration index for each cell can be configured individually by the network, such that PRS timings are time-aligned. If UE 105 can obtain the cell timing (e.g., SFN or frame number) of at least one cell (e.g., a reference cell or serving cell), UE 105 can determine the timing of the PRS timings 410 for the reference cell and neighboring cells used for TDOA positioning. Then, UE 105 can derive the timing of other cells based on, for example, the assumption that PRS timings from different cells overlap.

[0069] refer to Figure 3 In the frame structure of a PRS, the set of REs used to transmit the PRS is called a "PRS resource". The set of resource elements can span multiple RBs in the frequency domain and one or more consecutive symbols within a time slot in the time domain, in which pseudo-random quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) sequences are transmitted from the antenna port of the TRP. In a given OFDM symbol in the time domain, the PRS resource occupies a consecutive RB in the frequency domain. The transmission of the PRS resource within a given RB has a specific combination or "comb" size (comb size can also be called "comb density"). The comb size "N" represents the subcarrier spacing (or frequency / tone spacing) within each symbol of the PRS resource configuration, where the configuration uses every Nth subcarrier of certain symbols of the RB. For example, for comb-4, for each of the four symbols of the PRS resource configuration, the RE corresponding to every fourth subcarrier (e.g., subcarriers 0, 4, 8) is used to transmit the PRS resource. For example, comb sizes such as comb-2, comb-4, comb-6, and comb-12 can be used in the PRS. Figure 5 Examples of different comb sizes using different numbers of symbols are provided.

[0070] A “PRS resource set” comprises a group of PRS resources used to transmit PRS signals, where each PRS resource has a PRS resource ID. Furthermore, PRS resources within a PRS resource set are associated with the same TRP. A PRS resource set is identified by its PRS resource set ID and associated with a specific TRP (identified by its cell ID). “PRS resource repetition” refers to the repetition of PRS resources during a PRS timing / instance. The number of repetitions of a PRS resource can be defined by its “repetition factor.” Additionally, PRS resources within a PRS resource set can have the same periodicity, a common silence pattern configuration, and the same repetition factor across time slots. The periodicity can be selected from 2… m The slots have lengths of {4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 32, 40, 64, 80, 160, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5120, 10240}, where µ = 0, 1, 2, 3. The repetition factor can have lengths selected from {1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 32} slots.

[0071] A PRS resource ID in a PRS resource set can be associated with a single beam (and / or beam ID) sent from a single TRP (where a TRP can send one or more beams). That is, each PRS resource in a PRS resource set can be transmitted on a different beam; therefore, a "PRS resource," or simply a "resource," can also be referred to as a "beam." Note that this does not affect whether the UE knows the TRP and the beam transmitting the PRS.

[0072] exist Figure 2 In the 5G NR positioning system 200 shown, the TRP (gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, and / or WLAN 216) can transmit frames or other physical layer signaling sequences supporting PRS signals (i.e., DL-PRS) according to the frame configuration described above. These frames or other physical layer signaling sequences can be measured and used for the location determination of UE 105. As mentioned above, other types of wireless network nodes, including other UEs, can also be configured to transmit PRS signals configured in a similar (or identical) manner as described above. Because the transmission of PRS by a wireless network node can be directed to all UEs within radio range, it can be considered that the wireless network node has transmitted (or broadcast) PRS.

[0073] Figure 6This is a hierarchical diagram showing how different TRPs at a given Location Frequency Layer (PFL) use PRS resources and PRS resource sets, as defined in 5G NR. Regarding the network (Uu) interface, UE 105 can be configured with one or more DL-PRS resource sets from each of one or more TRPs. Each DL-PRS resource set includes K ≥ 1 DL-PRS resources, which, as previously described, can correspond to the Tx beam of the TRP. A DL-PRS PFL is defined as a set of DL-PRS resource sets with the same subcarrier spacing (SCS) and cyclic prefix (CP) type, the same DL-PRS bandwidth value, the same center frequency, and the same comb size value. In the current iteration of the NR standard, UE 105 can be configured with up to four DL-PRS PFLs.

[0074] NR has multiple frequency bands spanning different frequency ranges (e.g., frequency range 1 (FR1) and frequency range 2 (FR2)). PFL can be on the same frequency band or on different frequency bands. In some embodiments, they can even be on different frequency ranges. Furthermore, as... Figure 6 As shown, multiple TRPs (e.g., TRP1 and TR2) can be on the same PFL. Currently under NR, each TRP can have a maximum of two PRS resource sets, each with one or more PRS resources, as previously described.

[0075] Different PRS resource sets can have different periodicities. For example, one PRS resource set can be used for tracking, while another can be used for acquisition. Additionally or alternatively, one PRS resource set can have more beams, while another can have fewer beams. Therefore, different resource sets can be used by wireless networks for different purposes. Figure 7 Example repeat and beam scan options for the resource set are shown.

[0076] Figure 7This is a timing diagram illustrating two different options for the use of time slots in a resource set according to one embodiment. Because each example repeats each resource four times, the repetition factor of the resource set is four. Continuous scan 710 involves repeating a single resource (resource 1, resource 2, etc.) four times before proceeding to subsequent resources. In this example, if each resource corresponds to a different beam of the TRP, the TRP repeats the beam for four time slots in a row before moving to the next beam. Because each resource is repeated in consecutive time slots (e.g., resource 1 is repeated in time slots n, n+1, n+2, etc.), the time interval is referred to as a time slot. On the other hand, for interleaved scan 720, for each subsequent time slot, the TRP can move from one beam to the next, rotating four times through the four beams. Because each resource is repeated every four time slots (e.g., resource 1 is repeated in time slots n, n+4, n+8, etc.), the time interval is referred to as a time slot. Of course, the embodiments are not limited to this. The resource set may include different numbers of resources and / or repetitions. Furthermore, as mentioned above, each TRP can have multiple resource sets, multiple TRPs can utilize a single PFL, and the UE can measure PRS (e.g., DL-PRS) resources transmitted via multiple PFLs.

[0077] Therefore, in order to obtain PRS measurements from PRS signals transmitted by TRP and / or other UEs in the wireless network, UE 105 can be configured to observe PRS resources during a time period known as the measurement period. That is, in order to use the DL-PRS signal to determine the UE's location, UE 105 and a location server (e.g., Figure 2 The LMF 220 can initiate a positioning session, during which the UE is given a period of time to observe DL-PRS resources and report the obtained DL-PRS measurements to the positioning server. In order to measure and process PRS resources within the measurement period, the UE 105 can be configured to perform a measurement interval (MG) pattern. For example, the UE 105 can request an MG from the serving TRP (e.g., gNB 210-1), and the serving TRP can then provide the configuration to the UE 105 (e.g., via the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol).

[0078] UE 105 can not only measure multiple DL-PRS resources (or repetitions of resources) in a single PFL to improve accuracy, but also, as previously mentioned, can aggregate resources from different PFLs, processing them together rather than independently, to effectively increase the bandwidth of DL-PRS resources and improve the accuracy of measurements performed by UE 105 (e.g., TOA measurements). This can ultimately improve the accuracy of UE 105's location determination; location determination resolution is inversely proportional to the increase in bandwidth. Aggregation of PRS resources in different PFLs (also referred to herein as "reference signal aggregation" and "PRS aggregation") can be accomplished, for example, by combining resources in the signal domain to process them together. As used herein, this type of PRS aggregation is referred to as "coherent" processing or "stitching" together PRS resources / reference signals. Conversely, if PRS resources are not combined in this way, it is called "incoherent" processing. Coherent processing of PRS resources can be performed when PRS resources are separated in frequency and time. PRS resources for different PFLs can typically be in different component carriers (CCs), and in some cases, in different frequency bands and / or frequency ranges (FRs).

[0079] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how PRS resources of different PFLs are positioned at different frequencies relative to each other according to some embodiments. Here, PRS resources in different PFLs are shown as blocks spanning different frequencies, plotted over time, where a first PRS resource from a first PFL is labeled PRS1, and a second PRS resource from a second PFL is labeled PRS2. As previously mentioned, PRS resources can occupy different symbols within a time slot (e.g., according to...). Figure 5 The comb-like structure shown can span one or more time slots and can be repeated (e.g., as shown in the image). Figure 7 (As shown).

[0080] Three examples (800-1, 800-2, and 800-3) are provided to illustrate three different ways in which PRS resources from different PFLs can typically be positioned relative to each other on the frequency spectrum. In short, the first example 800-1 shows how PRS1 and PRS2 can occupy contiguous frequency blocks (e.g., contiguous sets of RBs), the second example 800-2 shows how PRS1 and PRS2 can be positioned to produce an overlap 820, and the third example 800-3 shows how a frequency interval 830 can exist between PRS1 and PRS2. Regarding the third example 800-3, UE 105 can perform specialized processing algorithms to maintain the accuracy of measurements based on PRS1 and PRS2. For example, when testing the channel frequency response, interval 830 can be masked, which can result in a combined bandwidth of PRS1 and PRS2 and a total bandwidth of interval 830. Different UEs may have different capabilities in this regard. Figure 8 In any of the examples 800 shown, the ability of UE 105 to aggregate resources PRS1 and PRS2 can be affected by channel spacing, timing offset, phase offset, frequency error, and power imbalance between CCs of different PFLs. These factors may arise, for example, if different hardware is used for each CC, where each CC may have a unique group delay, calibration error, etc. Furthermore, UE 105 may fail to aggregate reference signals if certain requirements are not met.

[0081] To address these and other issues, the embodiments described herein allow UE 105 to provide the network (e.g., a location server, such as LMF 220) with the ability to determine when UE 105 can stitch together different PRS resources and, where possible, accommodate UE 105. Figure 9-13 This illustrates different scenarios where UE 105 can stitch together PRS resources from different PFLs. Although the blocks of PRS1 and PRS2 are in... Figure 9-13 The blocks are shown as having frequency intervals, but it can be noted that the frequencies may differ from those shown, making the blocks either continuous or overlapping, as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0082] Figure 9 It is similar to Figure 8 Example Figure 900 illustrates how the reference signals PRS1 and PRS2 interleave: switching back and forth from one to the other over a period of time. This example could involve sub-slot-level switching, where... Figure 9 Some or all of the PRS resource blocks shown belong to a single time slot. Interleaving sub-time slots in this way can be helpful in situations with relatively high Doppler (e.g., when the UE is in a vehicle or train), because there is less Doppler shift between layers, making it easier to combine reference signals. Alternatively, time slot-level switching can occur, where switching from one block to the next (and from one frequency layer to another) happens once per one or more time slots, as... Figure 10 The diagram shows style 1000. Although not shown, there may be time intervals between blocks in one PFL and another. Figure 9 In this context, the interval can include one or more symbols. Figure 10 In this context, the interval can include one or more time slots.

[0083] Interleaving reference signals as shown in Figures 900 and 1000, instead of transmitting reference signals from two layers simultaneously, helps ensure the availability of symbols for other information, such as Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) or SSB services. In other words, the patterns in Figures 900 and 1000 help ensure better multiplexing of DL-PRS with high-priority channels compared to most other patterns. UE 105, with the ability to splice DL PRS resources acquired at different times (e.g., within a single time slot or across multiple time slots), allows UE 105 to splice PRS1 and PRS2 resources transmitted as shown in Figures 900 and 1000.

[0084] Figure 11 This is illustrated in Figure 1100, an example, where uplink (UL) transmissions occur between the occurrences of PRS1 and PRS2. Here, UL transmissions can occupy multiple symbols within a single timeslot, or multiple timeslots between DL-PRS. As discussed in further detail below, the UE 105's ability to coherently process the occurrences of PRS1 and PRS2 is affected by UL transmissions. For example, UL transmissions may affect the UE's ability to maintain the phase offset between PRS1 and PRS2.

[0085] Similar to Figure 9-11 , Figure 12 The illustration in Figure 1200 provides another example scenario where UE 105 can stitch PRS1 and PRS2 together from different PFLs with different CCs (CC1 and CC2). In this example, the CCs are located in different frequency bands: band 1 and band 2. Because the use of different frequency bands may involve different hardware for UE 105, PRS1 and PRS2 may have not only a phase offset derived from Doppler but also a frequency offset between the CCs (reaching a phase ramp over time). The slope of the phase ramp is equal to the frequency offset between the CCs. In this case, some UEs may have the ability to stitch PRS1 and PRS2 together.

[0086] Figure 13This is a diagram of graph 1300 illustrating how DL-PRS is offset in time, according to some embodiments. In this example, PRS1 and PRS2 may have similar durations. However, PRS1 and PRS2 start at different times (e.g., different time slots / symbols), resulting in an overlapping portion where PRS1 and PRS2 share the same time slot / symbol, as well as a non-overlapping portion. According to some embodiments, UE 105 may have different capabilities for different portions. For example, if the phase characteristics (e.g., phase offset, phase ramp, phase slope, or phase time drift) are below a certain threshold, UE 105 may be able to stitch PRS1 and PRS2 together during the overlapping portion. For the non-overlapping portion, UE 105 may not be able to perform any stitching, or may be able to stitch the non-overlapping portions of PRS1 and PRS2 with fixed phase characteristics. These and other capabilities will be described in more detail below.

[0087] In summary, UEs may have different capabilities when it comes to the ability to coherently stitch together DL-PRS resources from different PFLs. As mentioned earlier, these capabilities may stem from the UE's ability to coherently process reference signals (DL-PRS resources) from different PFLs in different scenarios, where these PFLs have phase offsets (and / or other phase characteristics) between the reference signals (DL-PRS resources). Referring to the previously described scenario, if DL-PRS resources are received at different times, at different CCs within the same frequency band, and / or across different CCs, then when phase characteristics exist, the UE can modify its capabilities to coherently process DL-PRS resources from different PFLs.

[0088] Phase characteristics can originate from any of a variety of sources. For example, phase shifts may arise from hardware differences in the first DL-PRS resource used to generate the first frequency and the second DL-PRS resource used to generate the second frequency. This is especially true if the first and second DL-PRS resources are in different frequency bands. Different hardware may have different group delays, calibration errors, etc., resulting in phase shifts between the two DL-PRS resources. If there are phase differences between the DL-PRS resources, UE 105 may require additional preprocessing to coherently process the DL-PRS resources to obtain the full benefits of higher resolution.

[0089] As described above, these capabilities of UE 105 can be transmitted to the network to allow the network to coordinate the transmission of DL-PRS resources and configure UE 105 in a manner that helps optimize network resources and the accuracy of UE 105's location determination. That is, the network can attempt to accommodate the UE to help maximize the stitching of different DL-PRS resources across different PFLs, thereby providing high-precision location determination for UE 105. Alternatively, if the network cannot accommodate the UE's capabilities (or if UE 105 has little or no stitching capability), the network does not need to attempt to accommodate UE 105 and can attempt to maintain optimal performance without considering UE 105 accommodation as an additional factor. As described above, UE 105 can communicate these capabilities to the network by providing them to the LMF220 (or a similar location server / service). This can be done, for example, within an LPP session.

[0090] According to an embodiment, information regarding the UE's ability to coherently process a given set of DL-PRS resources from two or more PFLs can be communicated as one or more capabilities of UE 105, where phase characteristics exist among the DL-PRS resources. A first capability of UE 105 includes the ability to maintain coherent processing of DL-PRS resources from different PFLs if the phase characteristic is less than a threshold. For example, for a phase offset given by ∠ = ∠, if the phase offset is below the threshold ∠ = ∠th, the UE is able to stitch together DL-PRS resources from different PFLs. Similar thresholds can be provided for other phase characteristics (phase ramp, phase slope, phase time drift). If the phase characteristic remains below the threshold, UE 105 can estimate the phase characteristic and use it for a period of time.

[0091] The second capability includes the UE's ability to coherently process DL-PRS resources with different PFLs while maintaining fixed phase characteristics. That is, regardless of the offset, if the phase characteristics (e.g., phase offset) between the first and second DL-PRS resources are constant, the UE 105 can estimate the phase characteristics and use the estimate to stitch together multiple DL-PRS resources.

[0092] The third capability includes the UE's inability to coherently process resource signals under any circumstances. In other words, while UE 105 may be able to coherently process DL-PRS resources from multiple PFLs in certain situations, UE 105 cannot guarantee that it can do so for a given set of PFLs and / or a given set of cases. In cases where UE 105 informs the network that it cannot guarantee the ability to maintain offsets in certain situations, the network can accordingly configure the UE (to continue DL-PRS measurements without splicing). This capability (without splicing) is essentially a legacy behavior.

[0093] Additional capabilities may include time-related capabilities. For example, UE 105 can handle different phase characteristics of DL-PRS resources received at different times (e.g., such as...). Figure 9 and 10 (As shown). That is, for a first DL-PRS resource set spaced X ms apart, UE 105 can handle an offset of a first threshold, while for a second DL-PRS resource set spaced Y ms apart, UE 105 can handle an offset of a second threshold. Additionally or alternatively, the capability can be indicated based on the time slot (e.g., phase offset can be maintained for DL-PRS resources within a time slot, but not for DL-PRS resources in different time slots or separated by X time slots). In some embodiments, UE 105 can also indicate DL-UL handover (switching in the communication direction) or beam switching (e.g., as shown) between the reception of two DL-PRS resources. Figure 11 (As shown) Whether it will affect the UE's ability to coherently process the corresponding reference signals.

[0094] Depending on the desired functionality, other capabilities may also be reported. For example, the reported capabilities may depend on whether the MG is used. (In this case, DL-UL handover within the MG is not expected.) Therefore, if the MG is used, UE 105 may indicate one set of capabilities, and if the MG is not used, another set of capabilities. Additionally or alternatively, capabilities may depend on the absolute frequency difference between different CCs, and whether they are in the same or different frequency bands or frequency ranges.

[0095] Similarly, these capabilities can be transmitted by UE 105 to network nodes (e.g., TRP or location server) prior to UE 105's location session. Furthermore, because these capabilities may depend on the PFL used, for a given set of PFLs, these capabilities can be communicated by UE 105 to the network node. In some embodiments, UE 105 can provide this information to the network node in response to a query from the network node regarding UE capabilities. This query may also include a set of PFLs, about which UE 105 will provide capabilities. It should also be noted that although the previously described embodiments depict UE 105 reporting DL-PRS sent by the TRP, the embodiments are not limited thereto. The embodiments may also include similar reports regarding side-link PRS (SL-PRS) sent by other UEs.

[0096] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of a method 1400 for wireless communication at a mobile device according to one embodiment. Method 1400 provides a specific report of the mobile device's phase offset capability in a manner indicated in the foregoing embodiments. [The text then repeats the description of the method, which is redundant and can be omitted.] Figure 14 The components that demonstrate the functions shown in the box can be executed by the UE's hardware and / or software components. Figure 16 The example components of the UE are shown below, which will be described in more detail below.

[0097] In block 1410, the function includes determining the mobile device's ability to coherently process a first reference signal of a first PFL and a second reference signal of a second PFL. A phase characteristic exists between the first and second reference signals, and this ability includes the ability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic remains below a threshold, the ability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic remains constant, the ability not to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is present, or any combination thereof. The phase characteristic may include phase offset, phase ramp, phase slope, or phase time drift, or any combination thereof. As described above, the UE's ability to coherently process a PFL with phase characteristics can vary depending on the CC and / or the specific frequency band of the PFL. Thus, the determination made in block 1410 may include identifying the CC for the first and second PFLs in a lookup table or database of the mobile device. This may be in response to a specific query from a network node (e.g., a gNB or LMF) to identify the CC and / or frequency band of the first and second PFLs for which the phase offset capability is to be reported. Similarly, in some cases, the first and second PFLs may be in the same CC or may be in different CCs. Furthermore, the PFLs in different CCs can be in different frequency bands or even different frequency ranges (e.g., FR1 and FR2).

[0098] According to some embodiments, capabilities can vary based on a given combination or group of frequency bands. That is, the ability of a mobile device to coherently process reference signals from different PFLs may be affected by which frequency bands are active, such as if the phase offset is below a threshold or is constant. Furthermore, this can include frequency bands outside of one or more of the PFLs. This is because activity in other frequency bands may affect the functionality of the hardware used to receive reference signals from the first and second PFLs. Thus, according to some embodiments, the mobile device can also determine its capabilities in this regard.

[0099] As described in detail in the previously described embodiments, the ability to coherently process reference signals from different PFLs with phase characteristics over a period of time can be specific to a certain time period, the number of symbols / slots, etc. Thus, according to some embodiments, this capability is determined at least in part based on whether the first and second reference signals are received within a specified time length, within a single OFDM slot, within a specified number of OFDM slots, and whether there is no beam switcher between the first and second reference signals or a change in communication direction (DL-UL switching) between the first and second reference signals.

[0100] Components used to perform functions in block 1410 may include bus 1605, digital signal processor (DSP) 1620, processor 1610, memory 1660, and / or other components of UE 105, such as Figure 16 As shown.

[0101] The function at box 1420 includes providing a capability indication to a network node. As previously described, the network node may include a TRP (e.g., a serving gNB) or a location server (LMF). For example, a mobile device may provide a capability indication to a location server in an LPP session. According to some embodiments, a capability indication is provided in response to a capability request received from a network node. Furthermore, as described above, the request may include a PFL and / or CC requesting the capability. In some embodiments, when the first and second PFLs are in different CCs, a capability indication may be provided for each.

[0102] Components for performing functions in frame 1420 may include wireless communication interface 1630, bus 1605, digital signal processor (DSP) 1620, processor 1610, memory 1660, and / or other components of UE 105, such as Figure 16 As shown.

[0103] Depending on the desired functionality, what the UE does after providing the indication at block 1420 can vary. According to some embodiments, method 1400 may include receiving a first reference signal and a second reference signal after providing the capability indication, and performing coherent processing on the first and second reference signals according to the capability. The reception of the reference signals may be based on a network reception configuration. Thus, according to some embodiments, method 1400 may further include receiving a configuration from a network node after providing the capability indication, wherein the reception of the first and second reference signals is based on that configuration.

[0104] Figure 15 This is a flowchart of a method 1500 for wireless communication at a network node according to one embodiment. Method 1500 provides a report of the phase offset capability of a receiving mobile device in a manner indicated in the previously described embodiments. [The text then abruptly shifts to a seemingly unrelated topic:] for performing... Figure 15 The components illustrating the functions shown in the boxes can be implemented by hardware and / or software components of a TRP (e.g., a serving gNB) or a server (e.g., an LMF). Example components of the TRP and server are respectively... Figure 17 and 18 As shown in the diagram, this will be described in more detail below.

[0105] The function at block 1510 includes receiving from the mobile device an indication of its capability to coherently process a first reference signal of a first PFL and a second reference signal of a second PFL. A phase characteristic exists between the first and second reference signals, and the capability includes the capability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold, the capability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is constant, the capability not to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic exists, or any combination thereof. Similarly, the capability can be provided by the UE in response to a network node's request for capability. Therefore, according to some embodiments, the method may further include providing a capability request to the mobile device, wherein a capability indication is provided in response to the capability request. According to some embodiments, the capability can be provided based on each CC. According to some embodiments, the first PFL and the second PFL may utilize a single CC or different CCs. Additionally or alternatively, the capability of the mobile device is related to a given combination or group of frequency bands. The capability is determined at least in part based on whether the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received within a specified time length, within a single OFDM time slot, within a specified number of OFDM time slots, without beam switching between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, or without a change in communication direction between the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0106] Components used to perform the functions at block 1510 may include a wireless communication interface 1730, a bus 1705, a digital signal processor (DSP) 1720, a processor 1710, a memory 1760, and / or other components of the TRP 1700, such as... Figure 17 As shown; or wireless communication interface 1833, bus 1805, processor 1810, memory 1835 and / or other components of computer system 1800, such as Figure 18 As shown.

[0107] The function at block 1520 includes configuring the mobile device to receive the first and second reference signals, at least in part, based on this capability. As described in the above embodiments, the network can use the capabilities indicated by the mobile device to configure the mobile device and optimize the network. For example, if the mobile device indicates the capability to coherently process reference signals between given PFLs having specific phase characteristics within a specific amount of time, the network can configure the mobile device (and one or more TRPs) to provide the first and second reference signals within that specific amount of time. Alternatively, if the mobile device indicates that it cannot splice the first and second reference signals under any circumstances, the network nodes can determine to optimize network traffic based on other factors.

[0108] Components used to perform the functions at block 1520 may include a wireless communication interface 1730, a bus 1705, a digital signal processor (DSP) 1720, a processor 1710, a memory 1760, and / or other components of the TRP 1700, such as... Figure 17 As shown; or wireless communication interface 1833, bus 1805, processor 1810, memory 1835 and / or other components of computer system 1800, such as Figure 18 As shown.

[0109] Figure 16 An embodiment of UE 105 is shown, which can be described as described above (e.g., with...). Figure 1-14 (Associated) Use. For example, UE 105 can correspond to Figure 1-2 UE 105 or Figure 3 and Figure 8 UE 305 in the middle, and can be executed Figure 14 One or more functions of the method shown. It should be noted that... Figure 16 This is intended only to provide a general overview of the various components; any one or all of them may be used appropriately. It can be noted that in some cases, Figure 16 The components shown can be located in a single physical device and / or distributed across various networked devices, which can be situated in different physical locations. Furthermore, as previously stated, the functionality of the UE discussed in the embodiments described above can be provided by… Figure 16It is performed by one or more hardware and / or software components as shown.

[0110] UE 105 is shown as including hardware elements that can be electrically coupled (or otherwise suitably communicated) via bus 1605. The hardware elements may include processor 1610, which may include, but is not limited to, one or more general-purpose processors, one or more special-purpose processors (such as DSP chips, graphics accelerator processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc.), and / or other processing structures or components. Figure 16 As shown, depending on the desired functionality, some embodiments may have a separate DSP 1620. Wireless communication-based positioning and / or other determinations may be provided in the processor 1610 and / or the wireless communication interface 1630 (discussed below). The UE 105 may also include one or more input devices 1670, which may include, but are not limited to, one or more keyboards, touchscreens, touchpads, microphones, buttons, dial pads, switches, etc.; and one or more output devices 1615, which may include, but are not limited to, one or more displays (e.g., touchscreens), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), speakers, etc.

[0111] UE 105 may also include a wireless communication interface 1630, which may include, but is not limited to, a modem, network interface card, infrared communication device, wireless communication device and / or chipset (such as Bluetooth device, IEEE 802.11 device, IEEE 802.15.4 device, WiFi device, WiMAX device, WAN device and / or various cellular devices, etc.) to enable UE 105 to communicate with other devices as described in the above embodiments. Thus, the wireless communication interface 1630 may include RF circuitry capable of tuning between an active BWP and one or more additional frequency bands having one or more FLs for PRS signals, as described herein. The wireless communication interface 1630 may allow data and signaling to communicate (e.g., transmit and receive) with the TRP of the network, for example, via an eNB, gNB, ng-eNB, access point, various base stations and / or other access node types and / or other network components, computer systems and / or any other electronic device communicatively coupled to the TRP. Communication may be performed via one or more wireless communication antennas 1632 that transmit and / or receive wireless signals 1634. According to some embodiments, the wireless communication antenna 1632 may include a plurality of discrete antennas, an antenna array, or any combination thereof.

[0112] Depending on the desired functionality, the wireless communication interface 1630 may include separate receivers and transmitters, or any combination of transceivers, transmitters, and / or receivers, to communicate with base stations (e.g., ng-eNBs and gNBs) and other terrestrial transceivers (such as wireless devices and access points). UE 105 can communicate with various data networks, including those of various network types. For example, a wireless wide area network (WWAN) can be a CDMA network, a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) network, a Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) network, an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) network, a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) network, a WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) network, etc. A CDMA network can implement one or more RATs, such as CDMA2000, WCDMA, etc. CDMA2000 includes IS-95, IS-2000, and / or IS-856 standards. A TDMA network can implement GSM, Digital Advanced Mobile Phone Systems (D-AMPS), or other RATs. An OFDMA network can employ LTE, Advanced LTE, 5G NR, etc. 5G NR, LTE, Advanced LTE, GSM, and WCDMA are described in documents from 3GPP. CDMA2000 is described in documents from the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP2). 3GPP and 3GPP2 documents are publicly available. WLAN can also be an IEEE 802.11x network, and Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) can be a Bluetooth network, IEEE 802.15x, or some other type of network. The technologies described herein can also be used for any combination of WWAN, WLAN, and / or WPAN.

[0113] UE 105 may also include sensor 1640. Sensor 1640 may include, but is not limited to, one or more inertial sensors and / or other sensors (e.g., accelerometers, gyroscopes, cameras, magnetometers, altimeters, microphones, proximity sensors, light sensors, barometers, etc.), some of which can be used to obtain position-related measurements and / or other information.

[0114] Embodiments of UE 105 may also include a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver 1680, which is capable of receiving signals 1684 from one or more GNSS satellites using an antenna 1682 (which may be the same as antenna 1632). Positioning based on GNSS signal measurements can be used to supplement and / or combine with the techniques described herein. The GNSS receiver 1680 can use conventional techniques to extract the position of UE 105 from GNSS satellites 110 of a GNSS system, such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), Galileo, GLONASS, Japan's Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), India's Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), China's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), etc. In addition, the GNSS receiver 1680 can be used with various augmentation systems, such as satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS), which can be associated with or used with one or more global and / or regional navigation satellite systems, such as the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS), the European Geostationary Navigation Overlap Service (EGNOS), the Multifunctional Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS), and the Geosynchronous Orbit Augmentation Navigation System (GAGAN).

[0115] It can be noted that although the GNSS receiver 1680 is in Figure 16 The components are shown as different, but embodiments are not limited thereto. As used herein, the term "GNSS receiver" may include hardware and / or software components configured to acquire GNSS measurements (measurements from GNSS satellites). Thus, in some embodiments, a GNSS receiver may include a measurement engine executed (as software) by one or more processors, such as processor 1610, DSP 1620, and / or a processor within wireless communication interface 1630 (e.g., in a modem). A GNSS receiver may also optionally include a positioning engine that can use GNSS measurements from the measurement engine to determine the location of the GNSS receiver using an extended Kalman filter (EKF), weighted least squares (WLS), a hatch filter, a particle filter, etc. The positioning engine may also be executed by one or more processors, such as processor 1610 or DSP 1620.

[0116] UE 105 may further include memory 1660 and / or communicate with memory 1660. Memory 1660 may include, but is not limited to, local and / or network-accessible memory, disk drives, drive arrays, optical storage devices, solid-state storage devices such as random access memory (RAM) and / or read-only memory (ROM), which may be programmable, flash-updatable, etc. Such storage devices can be configured to implement any suitable data storage, including but not limited to various file systems, database structures, etc.

[0117] The memory 1660 of UE 105 may also include software elements ( Figure 16 (Not shown in the document) includes an operating system, device drivers, executable libraries, and / or other code, such as one or more applications, which may include computer programs provided by various embodiments and / or may be designed to implement methods and / or configure systems provided by other embodiments, as described herein. By way of example only, one or more processes described with respect to the above methods may be implemented as code and / or instructions in memory 1660, which may be executed by UE 105 (and / or processor 1610 or DSP 1620 within UE 105). In one aspect, such code and / or instructions may be used to configure and / or adapt a general-purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations according to the described methods.

[0118] Figure 17 An embodiment of the TRP 1700 is shown, which can be described as described above (e.g., with...). Figure 1-15 (Associated) Use, and can be further executed Figure 15 The functions of one or more boxes shown. It should be noted that... Figure 17 This is intended only to provide a general overview of the various components, any one or all of which may be used appropriately.

[0119] The TRP 1700 is shown as including hardware elements that can be electrically coupled via bus 1705 (or otherwise communicate, as applicable). The hardware elements may include processor 1710, which may include, but is not limited to, one or more general-purpose processors, one or more special-purpose processors (such as DSP chips, graphics accelerator processors, ASICs, etc.), and / or other processing architectures or components. Figure 17 As shown, depending on the desired functionality, some embodiments may have a separate DSP 1720. According to some embodiments, wireless communication-based positioning and / or other determinations may be provided in the processor 1710 and / or the wireless communication interface 1730 (discussed below). The TRP 1700 may also include one or more input devices, which may include, but are not limited to, a keyboard, display, mouse, microphone, buttons, dial pad, switches, etc.; and one or more output devices, which may include, but are not limited to, a display, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), speakers, etc.

[0120] The TRP 1700 may also include a wireless communication interface 1730, which may include, but is not limited to, a modem, network interface card, infrared communication device, wireless communication device and / or chipset (such as Bluetooth® device, IEEE 802.11 device, IEEE 802.15.4 device, WiFi device, WiMAX device, cellular communication facility, etc.), enabling the TRP 1700 to communicate as described herein. The wireless communication interface 1730 may allow communication (e.g., sending and receiving) of data and signaling to the UE, other base stations / TRPs (e.g., eNB, gNB, and ng-eNB) and / or other network components, computer systems, and / or any other electronic device described herein. Communication may be performed via one or more wireless communication antennas 1732 that transmit and / or receive wireless signals 1734.

[0121] The TRP 1700 may also include a network interface 1780, which may include support for wired communication technologies. The network interface 1780 may include a modem, network card, chipset, etc. The network interface 1780 may include one or more input and / or output communication interfaces to allow data exchange with networks, communication network servers, computer systems, and / or any other electronic devices described herein.

[0122] In many embodiments, TRP 1700 may further include memory 1760. Memory 1760 may include, but is not limited to, local and / or network-accessible memory, disk drives, drive arrays, optical storage devices, solid-state storage devices such as RAM and / or ROM, which may be programmable, flash-updatable, etc. Such storage devices may be configured to implement any suitable data storage, including but not limited to various file systems, database structures, etc.

[0123] The memory 1760 of the TRP 1700 may also include software elements ( Figure 17 (Not shown in the document) includes an operating system, device drivers, executable libraries, and / or other code, such as one or more applications, which may include computer programs provided by various embodiments and / or may be designed to implement methods and / or configure systems provided by other embodiments, as described herein. By way of example only, one or more processes described with respect to the above methods may be implemented as code and / or instructions in memory 1760, which may be executed by TRP 1700 (and / or processing unit 1210 or DSP 1720 within TRP 1200). In one aspect, such code and / or instructions may be used to configure and / or adapt a general-purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations according to the described methods.

[0124] Figure 18This is a block diagram of one embodiment of a computer system 1800, which may be used, in whole or in part, to provide the functionality of one or more network components described in the embodiments herein (e.g., Figure 1 Location server 160 Figure 2 (e.g., LMF 220). It should be noted that... Figure 18 This is intended only to provide a general overview of the various components; any one or all of them may be used appropriately. Therefore, Figure 18 It broadly illustrates how individual system components can be implemented in a relatively discrete or relatively more integrated manner. Furthermore, it can be noted that... Figure 18 The components shown can be limited to a single device and / or distributed across a variety of networked devices that can be located in different geographic locations.

[0125] Computer system 1800 is shown to include hardware elements that can be electrically coupled (or otherwise suitably communicated) via bus 1805. The hardware elements may include processor 1810, which may include, but is not limited to, one or more general-purpose processors, one or more special-purpose processors (e.g., digital signal processing chips, graphics accelerators, etc.), and / or other processing architectures, which may be configured to perform one or more methods described herein. Computer system 1800 may also include one or more input devices 1815, which may include, but is not limited to, a mouse, keyboard, camera, microphone, etc.; and one or more output devices 1820, which may include, but is not limited to, display devices, printers, etc.

[0126] Computer system 1800 may further include (and / or communicate with) one or more non-transitory storage devices 1825, which may include, but are not limited to, locally and / or network-accessible storage devices, and / or may include, but are not limited to, disk drives, drive arrays, optical storage devices, solid-state storage devices such as RAM and / or ROM, which may be programmable, flash-updatable, etc. Such storage devices can be configured to implement any suitable data storage, including but not limited to various file systems, database structures, etc. As described herein, such data storage may include databases and / or other data structures for storing and managing messages and / or other information that will be sent to one or more devices via a hub.

[0127] Computer system 1800 may also include a communication subsystem 1830, which may include wireless communication technologies managed and controlled by wireless communication interface 1833, as well as wired technologies (e.g., Ethernet, coaxial communication, Universal Serial Bus (USB), etc.). Wireless communication interface 1833 may transmit and receive wireless signals 1855 (e.g., signals according to 5G NR or LTE) via wireless antenna 1850. Therefore, communication subsystem 1830 may include modems, network interface cards (wireless or wired), infrared communication devices, wireless communication devices, and / or chipsets, enabling computer system 1800 to communicate with any device on any or all communication networks described herein, including user equipment (UE), base stations and / or other TRPs and / or any other electronic devices described herein. Thus, communication subsystem 1830 may be used to receive and transmit data as described in the embodiments herein.

[0128] In many embodiments, computer system 1800 will further include working memory 1835, which, as described above, may include RAM or ROM. Software elements shown to be located within working memory 1835 may include operating system 1840, device drivers, executable libraries, and / or other code, such as one or more applications 1845, which may include computer programs provided by various embodiments and / or may be designed to implement methods and / or configure systems provided by other embodiments, as described herein. By way of example only, one or more processes described with respect to the methods above may be implemented as code and / or instructions executable by a computer (and / or a processor within a computer); in one aspect, such code and / or instructions may be used to configure and / or adapt a general-purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations according to the described methods.

[0129] A set of these instructions and / or code may be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, such as the storage device 1825 described above. In some cases, the storage medium may be incorporated into a computer system, such as computer system 1800. In other embodiments, the storage medium may be separate from the computer system (e.g., a removable medium such as an optical disc) and / or provided in an installation package, such that the storage medium can be used to program, configure, and / or adapt to a general-purpose computer on which the instructions / code are stored. These instructions may take the form of executable code that can be executed by computer system 1800, and / or may take the form of source code and / or installable code, which, when compiled and / or installed on computer system 1800 (e.g., using any of a variety of generally available compilers, installers, compression / decompression utilities, etc.), then take the form of executable code.

[0130] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that substantial modifications can be made to suit specific requirements. For example, custom hardware may be used, and / or specific components may be implemented in hardware, software (including portable software such as applets), or both. Furthermore, connections to other computing devices, such as network input / output devices, may be used.

[0131] Referring to the accompanying drawings, components that may include memory may include non-transitory machine-readable media. As used herein, the terms "machine-readable media" and "computer-readable media" refer to any storage medium that participates in providing data that enables a machine to operate in a particular manner. In the embodiments provided above, various machine-readable media may participate in providing instructions / code to a processor and / or other devices for execution. Additionally or alternatively, machine-readable media may be used to store and / or carry such instructions / code. In many implementations, computer-readable media are physical and / or tangible storage media. Such media can take many forms, including but not limited to non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Common forms of computer-readable media include, for example, magnetic and / or optical media, any other physical media with a hole pattern, RAM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), FLASH-EPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave as described below, or any other medium from which a computer can read instructions and / or code.

[0132] The methods, systems, and devices discussed herein are examples. Various processes or components may be appropriately omitted, substituted, or added in various embodiments. For example, features described with respect to certain embodiments may be combined in various other embodiments. Different aspects and elements of embodiments may be combined in a similar manner. The various components of the accompanying drawings provided herein may be implemented in hardware and / or software. Furthermore, technology is evolving, and therefore many elements are examples that do not limit the scope of this disclosure to those particular examples.

[0133] It has been found that, for general reasons, it is sometimes convenient to refer to these signals as bits, information, values, elements, symbols, characters, variables, terms, numbers, numerical symbols, etc. However, it should be understood that all these or similar terms are associated with appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels. Unless otherwise stated, it is apparent from the foregoing discussion that throughout this specification, discussions using terms such as “processing,” “computer processing,” “calculation,” “determining,” “identifying,” “ascertaining,” “associating,” “measuring,” and “executing” refer to the actions or processes of a specific device, such as a dedicated computer or similar dedicated electronic computing device. Therefore, in the context of this specification, a dedicated computer or similar dedicated electronic computing device is capable of manipulating or converting signals, generally referred to as physical electronic, electrical, or magnetic quantities in the memory, registers, or other information storage devices, transmission devices, or display devices of the dedicated computer or similar dedicated electronic computing device.

[0134] The terms “and” and “or” as used herein can have a variety of meanings, which depend at least in part on the context in which they are used. Generally, “or” when used to relate a list, such as A, B, or C, is intended to mean A, B, and C, i.e., inclusion, and A, B, or C, i.e., exclusion. Furthermore, the term “one or more” as used herein can be used in the singular to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic, or can be used to describe some combination of features, structures, or characteristics. However, it should be noted that this is merely an illustrative example, and the claimed subject matter is not limited to this example. Additionally, the term “at least one” when used to relate a list, such as A, B, or C, can be interpreted as meaning any combination of A, B, and / or C, such as A, AB, AA, AAB, AABBCCC, etc.

[0135] Several embodiments have been described, and various modifications, alternative constructions, and equivalents may be used without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. For example, the elements described above may simply be components of a larger system, where other rules may take precedence over or otherwise modify the application of the various embodiments. Furthermore, numerous steps may be taken before, during, or after considering the elements described above. Therefore, the above description does not limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0136] In light of this description, embodiments may include different combinations of features. The following numbered clauses describe implementation examples:

[0137] Item 1. A method for wireless communication at a mobile device, the method comprising: determining the capability of the mobile device to coherently process a first reference signal of a first positioning frequency layer (PFL) and a second reference signal of a second PFL, wherein a phase characteristic exists between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, and the capability includes the capability to perform the coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold, the capability to perform the coherent processing if the phase characteristic is constant, or the capability not to perform the coherent processing if the phase characteristic exists, or any combination thereof; and providing an indication of the capability to a network node.

[0138] Item 2. The method according to Clause 1, wherein the phase characteristic includes: phase offset, phase ramp, phase slope or phase time drift or any combination thereof.

[0139] Item 3. The method according to any one of Clauses 1-2, wherein the indication of the capability is provided in response to a capability request received from the network node.

[0140] Item 4. The method according to Clause 3, wherein the capability is indicated for the set of component carriers (CCs) indicated in the capability request corresponding to the first PFL and the second PFL.

[0141] Item 5. The method according to any one of Clauses 1-4, wherein the capability is determined at least in part based on one or more configured or activated CCs, frequency band combinations or frequency band groups or any combination thereof.

[0142] Item 6. The method according to any one of Clauses 1-5 further includes receiving the first reference signal and the second reference signal after the instruction to provide the capability; and performing coherent processing on the first reference signal and the second reference signal according to the capability.

[0143] Item 7. The method according to Clause 6 further includes receiving configuration from the network node after the instruction to provide the capability, wherein the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received based on the configuration.

[0144] Item 8. The method according to any one of Clauses 1-7, wherein the first PFL and the second PFL utilize a single CC or different CCs.

[0145] Item 9. The method according to any one of Clauses 1-8, wherein the first PFL and the second PFL are in the same frequency band, in different frequency bands within the same frequency range, or in different frequency ranges.

[0146] Item 10. The method according to any one of Clauses 1-9, wherein the capability is with respect to a given combination or group of frequency bands.

[0147] Item 11. The method according to any one of items 1-10, wherein the capability is determined at least in part based on whether the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received within a specified time length, within a single orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) time slot, within a specified number of OFDM time slots, without beam switching between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, or without a change in communication direction between the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0148] Item 12. A method for wireless communication at a network node, the method comprising: receiving from a mobile device an indication of the mobile device's capability to coherently process a first reference signal of a first positioning frequency layer (PFL) and a second reference signal of a second PFL, wherein a phase characteristic exists between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, and the capability includes the capability to perform the coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold, the capability to perform the coherent processing if the phase characteristic is constant, or the capability not to perform the coherent processing if the phase characteristic exists, or any combination thereof; and configuring the mobile device to receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal based at least in part on the capability.

[0149] Item 13. The method according to Item 12, wherein the phase characteristic includes: phase offset, phase ramp, phase slope or phase time drift or any combination thereof.

[0150] Item 14. The method according to any one of Clauses 12-13 further includes providing a capability request to the mobile device, wherein the instruction to provide the capability is provided in response to the capability request.

[0151] Item 15. The method according to any one of Clauses 12-14, wherein the network node includes a location server or a transmit / receive point (TRP).

[0152] Item 16. The method according to any one of Clauses 12-15, wherein the first PFL and the second PFL utilize a single component carrier (CC) or a different CC.

[0153] Item 17. The method according to any one of Clauses 12-16, wherein the capability of the mobile device is with respect to a given combination or group of frequency bands.

[0154] Item 18. The method according to any one of items 12-17, wherein the capability is determined at least in part based on whether the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received within a specified time length, within a single orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) time slot, within a specified number of OFDM time slots, without beam switching between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, or without a change in communication direction between the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0155] Item 19. A mobile device for wireless communication, the mobile device comprising: a transceiver, a memory, and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the one or more processors are configured to: determine the capability of the mobile device to coherently process a first reference signal of a first positioning frequency layer (PFL) and a second reference signal of a second PFL, wherein a phase characteristic exists between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, and the capability includes the capability to perform the coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold, the capability to perform the coherent processing if the phase characteristic is constant, or the capability not to perform the coherent processing if the phase characteristic exists, or any combination thereof; and provide an indication of the capability to a network node.

[0156] Item 20. The mobile device according to Clause 19, wherein one or more processors are configured to provide the indication in response to a capability request received from the network node.

[0157] Item 21. The mobile device according to Clause 20, wherein the one or more processors are configured to indicate the capability with respect to the set of component carriers (CCs) corresponding to the first PFL and the second PFL indicated in the capability request.

[0158] Item 22. A mobile device according to any one of Clauses 19-21, wherein the one or more processors are configured to determine the capability at least in part based on one or more configured or activated CCs, frequency band combinations or frequency band groups or any combination thereof.

[0159] Item 23. A mobile device according to any one of Clauses 19-22, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal after the instruction to provide the capability; and to perform coherent processing on the first reference signal and the second reference signal according to the capability.

[0160] Item 24. The mobile device according to Clause 23, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive configuration from the network node after the instruction to provide the capability; and to receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal according to the configuration.

[0161] Item 25. A mobile device according to any one of Clauses 19-24, wherein the one or more processors are configured to indicate the capability with respect to a given combination or group of frequency bands.

[0162] Item 26. A mobile device according to any one of Clauses 19-25, wherein the one or more processors are configured to determine the capability based at least in part on whether the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received within a specified time length, within a single orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) time slot, within a specified number of OFDM time slots, without beam switching between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, or without a change in communication direction between the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0163] Item 27. A network node for wireless communication, the network node comprising: a transceiver, a memory, and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the one or more processors are configured to receive from a mobile device an indication of the mobile device's capability to coherently process a first reference signal of a first positioning frequency layer (PFL) and a second reference signal of a second PFL, wherein a phase characteristic exists between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, and the capability includes the capability to perform the coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold, the capability to perform the coherent processing if the phase characteristic is constant, or the capability not to perform the coherent processing if the phase characteristic exists, or any combination thereof; and to configure the mobile device to receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal at least in part based on the capability.

[0164] Item 28. A network node according to Clause 27, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to provide a capability request to the mobile device, wherein the indication of the capability is provided in response to the capability request.

[0165] Item 29. A network node according to any one of Clauses 27-28, wherein the network node includes a location server or a transmit / receive point (TRP).

[0166] Item 30. A network node according to any one of Clauses 27-29, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to provide the capabilities with respect to a given combination or group of frequency bands.

[0167] Item 31. An apparatus having components for performing the method described in any one of Clauses 1-18.

[0168] Item 32. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions, said instructions including code for performing any one of the methods described in any one of Clauses 1-18.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a mobile device, the method comprising: Determine the mobile device's ability to coherently process a first reference signal of a first positioning frequency layer (PFL) and a second reference signal of a second PFL, wherein a phase characteristic exists between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, and the capability includes: The ability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold. If the phase characteristic is a constant value, then the ability to perform the coherent processing, or If the phase characteristics exist, the coherent processing cannot be performed. Any combination thereof; and Provide instructions to network nodes regarding the aforementioned capabilities. In response to a capability request received from the network node, the indication of the capability is provided, and The capability is indicated for the set of component carriers (CCs) indicated in the capability request corresponding to the first PFL and the second PFL.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the phase characteristic includes: Phase shift, Phase ramp, Phase slope or Phase time drift or Any combination thereof.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein at least in part is based on One or more configured or activated CC, Frequency band combination or frequency band group or The capability is determined by any combination of these.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising, after providing the instruction to provide the capability, Receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal; and The first reference signal and the second reference signal are coherently processed according to the aforementioned capability.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising receiving configuration from the network node after providing the indication of the capability, wherein the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received based on the configuration.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PFL and the second PFL utilize a single CC or different CCs.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first PFL and the second PFL are in the same frequency band, in different frequency bands within the same frequency range, or in different frequency ranges.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the capability is with respect to a given combination or group of frequency bands.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein at least in part based on whether the first reference signal and the second reference signal are... Within the specified time period, Within a single Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) slot, Received within a specified number of OFDM time slots There is no beam switching between the first reference signal and the second reference signal or The capability is determined when there is no change in communication direction between the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

10. A method for wireless communication at a network node, the method comprising: Send capability requests to the mobile device; The mobile device receives an indication of its capability to coherently process a first reference signal of a first positioning frequency layer (PFL) and a second reference signal of a second PFL, wherein the capability is indicated for a set of component carriers (CCs) indicated in the capability request corresponding to the first PFL and the second PFL, wherein there is a phase characteristic between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, and the capability includes: The ability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold. If the phase characteristic is a constant value, then the ability to perform the coherent processing, or If the phase characteristics exist, the coherent processing cannot be performed. Any combination thereof; as well as The mobile device is configured to receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal, at least in part, based on the aforementioned capability.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the phase characteristic comprises: Phase shift, Phase ramp, Phase slope or Phase time drift or Any combination thereof.

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising providing a capability request to the mobile device, wherein the instruction to provide the capability is provided in response to the capability request.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the network node includes a location server or a transmit / receive point (TRP).

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the first PFL and the second PFL utilize a single component carrier (CC) or different CCs.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the capability of the mobile device is with respect to a given combination or group of frequency bands.

16. The method of claim 10, wherein at least in part based on whether the first reference signal and the second reference signal: Within the specified time period, Within a single Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) slot, Received within a specified number of OFDM time slots There is no beam switching between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, or The capability is determined when there is no change in communication direction between the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

17. A mobile device for wireless communication, the mobile device comprising: transceiver; Memory; as well as One or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the one or more processors are configured to: Determine the mobile device's ability to coherently process a first reference signal of a first positioning frequency layer (PFL) and a second reference signal of a second PFL, wherein a phase characteristic exists between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, and the capability includes: The ability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold. If the phase characteristic is a constant value, then the ability to perform the coherent processing, or If the phase characteristics exist, the coherent processing cannot be performed, or Any combination thereof; as well as Provide instructions to network nodes regarding the aforementioned capabilities. The one or more processors are configured to provide the capability in response to a capability request received from the network node, and Indicates the capability relating to the set of component carriers (CCs) corresponding to the first PFL and the second PFL as indicated in the capability request.

18. The mobile device of claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are configured to be at least partially based on: One or more configured or activated CC, Frequency band combination, or frequency band group, or The capability is determined by any combination of these.

19. The mobile device of claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to, after the instruction to provide the capability: Receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal; and The first reference signal and the second reference signal are coherently processed according to the aforementioned capability.

20. The mobile device of claim 19, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to receive configuration from the network node after the indication of providing the capability; and to receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal according to the configuration.

21. The mobile device of claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are configured to indicate the capability with respect to a given combination or group of frequency bands.

22. The mobile device of claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are configured to at least partially base their operation on whether the first reference signal and the second reference signal are... Within the specified time period, Within a single Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) slot, Received within a specified number of OFDM time slots There is no beam switching between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, or The capability is determined when there is no change in communication direction between the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

23. A network node for wireless communication, the network node comprising: transceiver; Memory; as well as One or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the one or more processors are configured to: Send capability requests to the mobile device; The mobile device receives an indication of its capability to coherently process a first reference signal of a first Positioning Frequency Layer (PFL) and a second reference signal of a second PFL, wherein the capability is indicated for a set of component carriers (CCs) indicated in the capability request corresponding to the first PFL and the second PFL, wherein there is a phase characteristic between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, and the capability includes: The ability to perform coherent processing if the phase characteristic is below a threshold. If the phase characteristic is a constant value, then the ability to perform the coherent processing, or If the phase characteristics exist, the coherent processing cannot be performed. Any combination thereof; as well as The mobile device is configured to receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal, at least in part, based on the aforementioned capability.

24. The network node of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to provide a capability request to the mobile device, wherein the indication of the capability is provided in response to the capability request.

25. The network node of claim 23, wherein the network node includes a location server or a transmit / receive point (TRP).

26. The network node of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to provide the capability with respect to a given combination or group of frequency bands.

27. A computer program product comprising computer-readable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-9.

28. A computer program product comprising computer-readable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 10-16.

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