Aqueous polyurethane dispersions and textile

Abstract

This invention provides an aqueous polyurethane dispersion and a textile. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion comprises water and biomass polyurethane. The biomass polyurethane comprises biomass polyester polyol, hydrophilic polyol, isocyanate, and hydrophilic compound. The weight ratio of biomass polyester polyol to hydrophilic polyol is from 2.7:1 to 5.3:1.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a polyurethane dispersion, and more particularly to an aqueous polyurethane dispersion and textiles. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with rapid industrial development, environmental issues such as climate change have received increasing attention. For example, products made from renewable resources can bring benefits of resource sustainability and carbon reduction. Therefore, the textile industry aims for water-saving and / or energy-saving sustainable processes. Statistics show that textiles with moisture-wicking properties account for a very high proportion of all textiles. However, existing methods and components for manufacturing moisture-wicking textiles have energy and / or water consumption issues, thus impacting the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The aqueous polyurethane dispersion (PUD) of the present invention comprises water and biomass polyurethane. The biomass polyurethane comprises biomass polyester polyol, hydrophilic polyol, isocyanate, and hydrophilic compound. The weight ratio of biomass polyester polyol to hydrophilic polyol is from 2.7:1 to 5.3:1.

[0004] The textiles of the present invention are prepared using the aqueous polyurethane dispersion as described above.

[0005] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, several embodiments are described in detail below. Detailed Implementation

[0006] The following are embodiments that describe the content of this invention in detail. The implementation details presented in the embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change these implementation details according to the needs of actual implementation.

[0007] This invention provides an aqueous polyurethane dispersion comprising water and biomass polyurethane. The biomass polyurethane includes biomass polyester polyol, hydrophilic polyol, isocyanate, and hydrophilic compounds. Furthermore, the aqueous polyurethane dispersion of this invention may further include chain extenders, solvents, and additives as needed. The various components described above will be described in detail below.

[0008] There are no particular limitations on the use of bio-based polyester polyols; appropriate bio-based polyester polyols can be selected according to requirements. For example, bio-based polyester polyols may include poly(1,2-propylene succinate) (PPS), polycaprolactone diols (HOPCLOH), or other suitable bio-based polyester polyols. Bio-based polyester polyols can be used alone or in combination. In this embodiment, poly(1,2-propylene succinate) is preferred. When the aqueous polyurethane dispersion includes a bio-based polyester polyol, the textiles made from the aqueous polyurethane dispersion can have good moisture absorption and perspiration wicking properties.

[0009] There are no particular limitations on the use of hydrophilic polyols; appropriate hydrophilic polyols can be selected according to requirements. For example, hydrophilic polyols may include polyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol (PPG; or polypropanediol, PPD), polypropylene glycol copolymer (PEG-PPG copolymer), or other suitable hydrophilic polyols. A single hydrophilic polyol can be used, or multiple hydrophilic polyols can be used in combination. In this embodiment, polyethylene glycol is preferred. When the aqueous polyurethane dispersion includes a hydrophilic polyol, the textiles made from the aqueous polyurethane dispersion can have good moisture absorption.

[0010] The weight ratio of bio-polyester polyol to hydrophilic polyol is 2.7:1 to 5.3:1, preferably 4.0:1 to 4.4:1. When the weight ratio of hydrophilic polyol to bio-polyester polyol is within the aforementioned range, the textiles made from the aqueous polyurethane dispersion can have good moisture absorption and perspiration wicking properties.

[0011] There are no particular limitations on the isocyanate; an appropriate isocyanate can be selected according to requirements. In this embodiment, the isocyanate may include bio-based isocyanates, non-bio-based isocyanates, or combinations thereof. The weight ratio of isocyanate to hydrophilic polyol is from 0.99:1 to 2.18:1.

[0012] For example, bio-based isocyanates may include bio-based hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI), L-lysine diisocyanate (LDI), or other suitable bio-based isocyanates. A single bio-based isocyanate may be used alone, or multiple isocyanates may be used in combination. In this embodiment, bio-based hexamethylene diisocyanate is preferred.

[0013] For example, non-biogenic isocyanates may include isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (DMDI), or other suitable non-biogenic isocyanates. A single non-biogenic isocyanate may be used, or multiple isocyanates may be used in combination. In this embodiment, isophorone diisocyanate is preferred.

[0014] There are no particular limitations on the hydrophilic compound; an appropriate hydrophilic compound can be selected according to requirements. In this embodiment, the hydrophilic compound may include at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one carboxyl group, preferably including two hydroxyl groups and one carboxyl group. The hydrophilic compound may include glyceric acid, 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA), 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butyric acid (DMBA), or other suitable hydrophilic compounds. A single hydrophilic compound may be used, or multiple compounds may be used in combination. In this embodiment, the hydrophilic compound is preferably glyceric acid, 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid, or a combination thereof. The weight ratio of the hydrophilic compound to the hydrophilic polyol is from 0.37:1 to 0.53:1.

[0015] There are no particular limitations on the chain extender; an appropriate chain extender can be selected according to requirements. In this embodiment, the chain extender may include amino groups, such as ethylenediamine (EDA), triethylenetetramine (TETA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), or other suitable chain extenders. A single chain extender or a combination of multiple chain extenders can be used. In this embodiment, ethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, or a combination thereof are preferred as the chain extender. The weight ratio of the chain extender to the hydrophilic polyol is from 0.02:1 to 0.04:1.

[0016] There are no particular limitations on the solvent; an appropriate solvent can be selected based on requirements. For example, the solvent may include acetone, butanone, or other suitable solvents. A single solvent may be used, or multiple solvents may be used in combination. In this embodiment, acetone is preferred as the solvent.

[0017] There are no particular limitations on the additives used; appropriate additives can be selected based on requirements. For example, additives may include neutralizing agents, humectants, antibacterial agents, or other suitable additives. Additives can be used alone or in combination. In this embodiment, the additive is preferably a neutralizing agent. Neutralizing agents may include triethylamine (TEA), dimethyl isopropylamine (DMIPA), or other suitable neutralizing agents. In this embodiment, dimethyl isopropylamine is preferably the neutralizing agent.

[0018] There are no particular limitations on the preparation method of aqueous polyurethane dispersions. For example, bio-based polyester polyol, hydrophilic polyol, isocyanate, hydrophilic compound, and solvent are placed in a stirrer and stirred until they are uniformly mixed into a solution. After the polymerization reaction is complete, water is added for emulsification. If necessary, chain extenders and additives can also be added. After mixing evenly, an aqueous polyurethane dispersion solution is obtained. After removing the solvent from the aqueous polyurethane dispersion solution, the aqueous polyurethane dispersion is obtained.

[0019] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a textile fabric prepared using the above-described aqueous polyurethane dispersion.

[0020] Textiles with moisture-wicking properties can be formed by coating the above-mentioned aqueous polyurethane dispersion onto the textile to form a coating film, and then drying (setting) the coating film. For example, after coating the textile with the aqueous polyurethane dispersion, drying it at a temperature of 140-180°C for 90-120 seconds can form a coating film on the textile, thereby improving the moisture-wicking properties of the textile.

[0021] Textiles may be synthetic fibers, natural fibers, semi-synthetic fibers or other suitable fabrics, and there are no particular restrictions on their type.

[0022] There are no particular restrictions on the coating method, but immersion pressure coating, inkjet coating or other suitable methods can be used, and in general, immersion pressure coating is widely used.

[0023] In this embodiment, according to the AATCC 79 test method, the water absorption climb height of the textile is greater than 10 cm / 15 minutes; and the water absorption time is less than 3 seconds.

[0024] The invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. The following examples are provided to illustrate the invention, and the scope of the invention includes the scope set forth in the following claims, as well as their substitutions and modifications, but is not limited to the scope of the examples.

[0025] The following describes examples of the preparation of aqueous polyurethane dispersions, as well as examples and comparative examples of textiles. In the following text, the parts by weight of each component are based on a total of 100 parts by weight of the bio-polyester polyol, hydrophilic polyol, isocyanate, hydrophilic compound, and chain extender.

[0026] Preparation Example 1

[0027] Approximately 58.24 parts by weight of bio-based poly(1,2-propylene succinate) (PPS; weight average molecular weight approximately 1000; bio-content 100%), approximately 11.19 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol (PEG; weight average molecular weight approximately 2500), and a suitable amount of tetrabutyl titanate were added to a suitable amount of acetone and stirred at 200 rpm at 40°C until completely dissolved. Next, approximately 24.3 parts by weight of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at 50–60°C. Finally, approximately 5.82 parts by weight of 2,2-dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) were added to obtain a mixed solution. Next, under conditions of 50–60°C and 500 rpm, three times the volume of the aforementioned mixed solution of deionized water were added over 10 minutes. Then, under conditions of 50–60°C and 500 rpm, approximately 0.45 parts by weight of ethylene diamine (EDA) were added dropwise over 5 minutes, followed by stirring under the same conditions for 1 hour. Then, after removing acetone by distillation at 50°C, the remaining solution was diluted with water to an aqueous polyurethane dispersion with a solid content of approximately 4.5% by weight (biomass content of approximately 26%).

[0028] Preparation Example 2

[0029] Approximately 64.79 parts by weight of bio-based poly(1,2-propylene succinate), approximately 14.72 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol, and a suitable amount of tetrabutyl titanate were added to a suitable amount of acetone and stirred at 200 rpm at 40°C until completely dissolved. Next, approximately 14.59 parts by weight of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI; bio-based content 32%) was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at 50–60°C. Then, approximately 5.56 parts by weight of 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid was added to obtain a mixed solution. Finally, at 50–60°C and 500 rpm, three times the volume of deionized water was added over 10 minutes. Then, under conditions of 50–60°C and 500 rpm, approximately 0.34 parts by weight of ethylenediamine were added dropwise over 5 minutes, followed by stirring under the same conditions for 1 hour. Then, after removing acetone by distillation at 50°C, the remaining solution was diluted with water to an aqueous polyurethane dispersion with a solid content of approximately 4.5% by weight (biomass content of approximately 45%).

[0030] Preparation Example 3

[0031] Approximately 62.62 parts by weight of bio-polymerized poly(1,2-propylene succinate), approximately 15.62 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol, and a suitable amount of tetrabutyl titanate were added to a suitable amount of acetone and stirred at 200 rpm at 40°C until completely dissolved. Next, approximately 15.49 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate were added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at 50–60°C. Then, approximately 5.91 parts by weight of 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid were added to obtain a mixed solution. Next, three times the volume of deionized water were added over 10 minutes at 50–60°C and 500 rpm. Then, approximately 0.36 parts by weight of ethylenediamine were added dropwise over 5 minutes at 50–60°C and 500 rpm, and the mixture was stirred under the same conditions for 1 hour. Then, after removing acetone by distillation at 50°C, the remaining solution was diluted with water to an aqueous polyurethane dispersion with a solid content of approximately 4.5% by weight (biomass content of approximately 44%).

[0032] Preparation Example 4

[0033] Approximately 53.71 parts by weight of bio-polymerized poly(1,2-propylene succinate), approximately 19.35 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol, and a suitable amount of tetrabutyl titanate were added to a suitable amount of acetone and stirred at 200 rpm at 40°C until completely dissolved. Next, approximately 19.19 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate were added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at 50–60°C. Then, approximately 7.31 parts by weight of 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid were added to obtain a mixed solution. Next, three times the volume of deionized water were added over 10 minutes at 50–60°C and 500 rpm. Then, approximately 0.44 parts by weight of ethylenediamine were added dropwise over 5 minutes at 50–60°C and 500 rpm, and the mixture was stirred under the same conditions for 1 hour. Then, after removing acetone by distillation at 50°C, the remaining solution was diluted with water to an aqueous polyurethane dispersion with a solid content of approximately 4.5% by weight (biomass content of approximately 39%).

[0034] Comparative Preparation Example 1

[0035] Approximately 58.74 parts by weight of bio-polymerized poly(1,2-propylene succinate), approximately 10.44 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol, and a suitable amount of tetrabutyl titanate were added to a suitable amount of acetone and stirred at 200 rpm at 40°C until completely dissolved. Next, approximately 24.50 parts by weight of isophorone diisocyanate were added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at 50–60°C. Then, approximately 5.87 parts by weight of 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid were added to obtain a mixed solution. Next, three times the volume of deionized water were added over 10 minutes at 50–60°C and 500 rpm. Then, approximately 0.45 parts by weight of ethylenediamine were added dropwise over 5 minutes at 50–60°C and 500 rpm, and the mixture was stirred under the same conditions for 1 hour. Then, after removing acetone by distillation at 50°C, the remaining solution was diluted with water to an aqueous polyurethane dispersion with a solid content of approximately 4.5% by weight (biomass content of approximately 26%).

[0036] Comparative Preparation Example 2

[0037] Approximately 50.39 parts by weight of bio-polymerized poly(1,2-propylene succinate), approximately 20.74 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol, and a suitable amount of tetrabutyl titanate were added to a suitable amount of acetone and stirred at 200 rpm at 40°C until completely dissolved. Next, approximately 20.56 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate were added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred at 200 rpm for 30 minutes at 50–60°C. Then, approximately 7.84 parts by weight of 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid were added to obtain a mixed solution. Next, three times the volume of deionized water were added over 10 minutes at 50–60°C and 500 rpm. Then, approximately 0.47 parts by weight of ethylenediamine were added dropwise over 5 minutes at 50–60°C and 500 rpm, and the mixture was stirred under the same conditions for 1 hour. Then, after removing acetone by distillation at 50°C, the remaining solution was diluted with water to an aqueous polyurethane dispersion with a solid content of approximately 4.5% by weight (biomass content of approximately 37%).

[0038] Example 1

[0039] The base fabric (C / T) was immersed in an aqueous polyurethane dispersion with a solid content of 4.5% by weight prepared in Preparation Example 1. Then, a padding mangle (manufactured by RAPID LABORTEX CO.,LTD.) was used to apply the aqueous polyurethane dispersion onto the base fabric (C / T), which is a textile blend of cotton and polyester fibers. The fabric was then dried at 140–180°C for 90–120 seconds to obtain the textile coated with the aqueous polyurethane dispersion. The resulting textile was tested for absorbency according to AATCC 79 standards, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The textile of Example 2 was prepared by using the same soaking and pressure-absorbing method as in Example 1, with an aqueous polyurethane dispersion having a solid content of 4.5% by weight as in Preparation Example 2. The resulting textile was subjected to a water absorption test in accordance with AATCC 79 standards. The test results were: water absorption climb height of 11.8 cm / 15 minutes and water absorption time of 2.8 seconds.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] The textile of Example 3 was prepared by using the same soaking and pressure-absorbing method as in Example 1, with an aqueous polyurethane dispersion having a solid content of 4.5% by weight as in Preparation Example 3. The resulting textile was subjected to a water absorption test in accordance with AATCC 79 standards. The test results were: water absorption climb height of 11.6 cm / 15 minutes and water absorption time of 2.7 seconds.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] The textile of Example 4 was prepared by using the same soaking and pressure-absorbing method as in Example 1, from the aqueous polyurethane dispersion with a solid content of 4.5% by weight obtained in Preparation Example 4. The resulting textile was subjected to a water absorption test in accordance with AATCC 79 standards, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0046] Example 5

[0047] The aqueous polyurethane dispersion with a solid content of 4.5% by weight obtained in Preparation Example 4 was injected into a direct-injection printer (APEX DTG, Yisheng Company) and sprayed onto the base fabric (C / T) using a spray coating method. Then, it was dried at a temperature of 140–180°C for 90–120 seconds to obtain the textile coated with the aqueous polyurethane dispersion. The obtained textile was tested for water absorption according to AATCC 79 standard, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] The aqueous polyurethane dispersion prepared in Comparative Preparation Example 1 was used to prepare textiles using the same steps as the inkjet coating method in Example 5, and then water absorption was tested according to AATCC 79 standards. Test results: water absorption rise height was 9.4 cm / 15 min, and water absorption time was 1.6 seconds.

[0050] Comparative Example 2

[0051] The aqueous polyurethane dispersion prepared in Comparative Preparation Example 2 was used to prepare textiles using the same steps as the inkjet coating method in Example 5, and then water absorption was tested according to AATCC 79 standards. Test results: water absorption rise height was 13.1 cm / 15 min, and water absorption time was 6.7 seconds.

[0052] [Table 1]

[0053]

[0054] [Table 2]

[0055]

[0056] The test results of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 show that the textiles formed by Examples 1-5, which contain biopolymer polyurethane with specific components and have a weight ratio of biopolymer polyester polyol to hydrophilic polyol of 2.7:1 to 5.3:1, exhibit good moisture absorption and wicking properties, making them suitable for fiber products. In contrast, the textiles formed by Comparative Examples 1-2, where the weight ratio of biopolymer polyester polyol to hydrophilic polyol in the aqueous polyurethane dispersion is outside the aforementioned range, have poor moisture absorption or wicking properties. Therefore, it can be concluded that when the weight ratio of biopolymer polyester polyol to hydrophilic polyol in the aqueous polyurethane dispersion is less than 2.7:1 (e.g., 2.4:1) or greater than 5.3:1 (e.g., 5.6:1), the textiles obtained from the aqueous polyurethane dispersion have poor moisture absorption and wicking properties.

[0057] As shown in Table 1, compared to the uncoated textile (original fabric (C / T)), the textile prepared with an aqueous polyurethane dispersion containing 26% biomass (Example 1) exhibits better moisture absorption and perspiration wicking properties. Therefore, it can be concluded that when the aqueous polyurethane dispersion includes biomass polyurethane, the textile prepared from the aqueous polyurethane dispersion can possess better moisture absorption and perspiration wicking properties.

[0058] As shown in Table 2, compared to textiles without waterborne polyurethane dispersion coating (original fabric (C / T)), textiles prepared by immersion pressure coating or inkjet coating with a waterborne polyurethane dispersion containing 39% biomass (Examples 4-5) exhibit better hygroscopicity and perspiration wicking properties. Furthermore, compared to textiles prepared by immersion pressure coating with a higher pressure absorption / sizing rate, textiles prepared by inkjet coating have a lower pressure absorption / sizing rate. Therefore, when the waterborne polyurethane dispersion includes biomass polyurethane, textiles prepared by the waterborne polyurethane dispersion are suitable for inkjet coating textile functional processing, and the amount of waterborne polyurethane dispersion used can be reduced, thus reducing energy consumption, water consumption, and material usage.

[0059] In summary, the aqueous polyurethane dispersion of the present invention includes biomass polyurethane containing specific components, and when the weight ratio of biomass polyester polyol to hydrophilic polyol is 2.7:1 to 5.3:1, the textiles made from the aqueous polyurethane dispersion have good moisture absorption and perspiration wicking properties, and can be used for fiber products, thereby reducing the energy and material consumption required when manufacturing fiber products.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0061] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aqueous polyurethane dispersion, comprising water and biomass polyurethane, wherein the biomass polyurethane comprises: Bio-based polyester polyols, hydrophilic polyols, isocyanates, and hydrophilic compounds, wherein the bio-based polyester polyols include poly(1,2-propylene succinate); The weight ratio of the bio-based polyester polyol to the hydrophilic polyol is 2.7:1 to 4.0:1; The hydrophilic polyol includes polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol copolymers, or combinations thereof; The hydrophilic compound comprises at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one carboxyl group.

2. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the isocyanate comprises bio-based isocyanate, non-bio-based isocyanate, or a combination thereof.

3. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 2, wherein the biomass-type isocyanate includes biomass-type hexamethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, L-lysine diisocyanate or a combination thereof, and the non-biomass-type isocyanate includes isophorone diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate or a combination thereof.

4. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic compound comprises glyceric acid, 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid, 2,2-dimethylolbutyric acid, or a combination thereof.

5. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 1 further comprises a chain extender, wherein the chain extender comprises an amino group.

6. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 5, wherein the chain extender comprises ethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, diethylenetriamine, or a combination thereof.

7. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 5, wherein the weight ratio of the chain extender to the hydrophilic polyol is 0.02:1 to 0.04:

1.

8. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the isocyanate to the hydrophilic polyol is from 0.99:1 to 2.18:

1.

9. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the hydrophilic compound to the hydrophilic polyol is 0.37:1 to 0.53:

1.

10. A textile fabric prepared using an aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The textile according to claim 10, wherein the water absorption rise height of the textile is greater than 10 cm / 15 minutes and the water absorption time is less than 3 seconds.

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