A buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device and its assembly and installation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device and its assembly and installation method, belonging to the field of structural protection technology. It includes a shell, a buoyancy component, and a one-way overflow valve. By utilizing the corresponding combination of the float and filling tube in the buoyancy component, and the corresponding arrangement of the float adjustment component between the shell and the float, the flexible anti-collision device not only possesses good anti-collision capability but also allows for precise adjustment of its immersion depth in water through the adjustment of the float adjustment component. The buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device of this invention has a simple structure and is easy to assemble and install. It achieves the flexible anti-collision function of its components while possessing flexible adjustment capability, allowing for flexible adjustment of the buoyancy of the buoyancy component during operation, thereby flexibly adjusting the immersion depth of the anti-collision device to meet the application needs of different scenarios. This enhances the functionality and flexibility of the flexible anti-collision device, demonstrating good practical value and application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of structural protection technology, specifically relating to a buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device and its assembly and installation method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing number and size of ships navigating rivers, incidents of ships colliding with bridge piers have become more frequent. Ship-bridge collisions often result in catastrophic consequences such as structural damage to the bridge, cargo leakage, environmental pollution, and personal injury. Therefore, safety measures or protective devices are typically installed on bridge piers to ensure the stability and safety of the structure in the event of a ship impact.

[0003] Currently, common bridge pier protection devices can be divided into two main categories: direct construction and indirect construction. Direct construction refers to the protective device being directly constructed on the pier being protected; after an impact, the impact force acts directly on the protected pier through the protective device. Indirect construction, on the other hand, refers to the protective device not being directly connected to the bridge being protected; the impact force does not act directly on the protected bridge. While both types of protective devices can achieve a certain degree of structural protection, they also have their own inherent drawbacks.

[0004] For indirectly constructed protective devices, the impact force is absorbed by the device after installation, preventing it from affecting the protected pier and providing strong protection. However, indirectly constructed protective devices are often located at a distance from the protected pier, requiring the use of river channels or water areas and often involving significant maintenance work. In contrast, directly constructed protective devices are typically built directly onto the protected pier and are mainly classified into three types: elastic deformation type, crush (plastic) deformation type, and displacement type. While elastic deformation type protective devices can recover elastically after impact and require minimal maintenance, they are only suitable for low-energy impacts. Once the impact exceeds their elastic deformation range, the pier will be directly impacted, leading to a major accident. Crushing deformation type and displacement type protective devices, although capable of absorbing enormous impact energy through their own plastic deformation and displacement energy, require significant maintenance and repair work after each impact, resulting in higher application costs.

[0005] Given the aforementioned application background, the applicant proposed a multi-core tube anti-collision capsule in prior patent application CN 2021202888234. This capsule utilizes multiple rubber-made core tubes within a rubber shell to provide buoyancy for operation and restoring force after impact, thus achieving both anti-collision and self-recovery functions. While this anti-collision capsule can meet practical application needs to a certain extent, it also has limitations. These limitations are mainly reflected in the following: the buoyancy of the capsule is usually fixed after installation, and the immersion depth in water is relatively fixed, lacking flexibility for adjustment. This restricts the use of the anti-collision capsule, making it difficult to perfectly address different application requirements and thus limiting its application. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of one or more of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device and its assembly and installation method, which can meet the anti-collision requirements while further realizing the buoyancy adjustment of the flexible anti-collision device, flexibly adjusting the immersion depth of the flexible anti-collision device when it is set in water, and improving the flexibility and convenience of the flexible anti-collision device.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, one invention of the present invention provides a buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device, comprising a flexible shell having a closed accommodating cavity and a buoyancy component tightly embedded in the accommodating cavity; the top of the shell is provided with an openable and closable vent, and the bottom of the shell is provided with a one-way overflow valve composed of an overflow valve and a one-way valve and communicating with the inside and outside of the bottom of the shell.

[0008] The buoyancy component is made of flexible material and includes a float and a filling tube, which are respectively closed tubular structures, and a certain pressure of gas is encapsulated in the float and the filling tube respectively.

[0009] The filling tubes are multiple tubes arranged closely around the outer periphery of the float, extending from one end of the outer shell to the other end, and respectively abutting the inner wall of the outer shell and the outer wall of the float with their outer peripheral walls.

[0010] The length of the pontoon is less than the length of the filling tube, and a pontoon adjustment component is provided therecorrespondingly; one end of the pontoon adjustment component is matched and connected to the top of the pontoon, and the other end is adjustablely connected to the top of the outer shell, so that the distance between the pontoon and the top of the outer shell can be adjusted by adjusting the pontoon adjustment component.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the float adjustment assembly includes an adjustment screw and a screw connecting seat;

[0012] The screw connector is connected to the top of the float; one end of the adjusting screw is movably connected to the screw connector, and the other end is threaded to the top of the outer shell and extends out of the outer shell.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a buffer pad is provided between the screw connecting seat and the top of the float.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a flange connection assembly is provided on the top of the housing, which includes an outer flange and an inner flange respectively disposed on the inner and outer sides of the top of the housing;

[0015] The two flanges are connected by several connecting parts, and a connecting through hole is provided between the two flanges. The adjusting screw passes through the connecting through hole and is threadedly connected to it.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the vent is a threaded hole formed on the flange connection assembly, and a screw plug is provided corresponding to the threaded hole.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pontoon is coaxially arranged with the outer shell;

[0018] and / or

[0019] The outer diameter of the float is larger than the outer diameter of the filling tube.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of strap buckles are provided at intervals along the outer periphery of the outer shell for threading and fixing the straps.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the outer shell, the filling tube and / or the float are composed of multiple segments connected together, and the connection between two adjacent segments is by hot-melt welding.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, a buoyancy element is filled in the gap formed after two adjacent filling tubes are squeezed together;

[0023] and / or

[0024] A bottom through hole is provided at the bottom of the housing corresponding to the connection of the one-way relief valve, and a flange connection component is provided corresponding to the bottom through hole, so that the one-way relief valve is connected to the flange connection component.

[0025] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for assembling and installing the aforementioned buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device, comprising the following steps:

[0026] (1) Before the flexible shell is encapsulated and molded, an exhaust port is opened at the top of the shell, and the buoyancy components are filled and installed inside the shell, so that the float is located in the middle of the shell and multiple filling tubes are closely arranged on the outer periphery of the float.

[0027] (2) A float adjustment assembly is provided, with one end connected to the top of the float and the other end adjustablely connected to the top of the outer shell;

[0028] (3) Install a one-way overflow valve at the bottom of the shell and encapsulate the shell so that the buoyancy component is encapsulated inside the shell and the position of the float inside the shell can be adjusted by the float adjustment component.

[0029] (4) On-site installation of flexible anti-collision devices;

[0030] First, open the vent and immerse the entire device in water. Outside water enters the inner cavity of the outer shell through the one-way valve of the one-way overflow valve and discharges the gas inside the outer shell through the vent.

[0031] Subsequently, as the amount of water inside the shell increases, the buoyancy generated by the filling tube and the pontoon gradually increases, and the flexible anti-collision device sinks to the equilibrium position. At this time, if the immersion depth of the device is too shallow, the pontoon adjustment component is adjusted upward to raise the position of the pontoon until the immersion depth of the device reaches the expected level. Conversely, if the immersion position of the device is too deep, the pontoon adjustment component is adjusted in the opposite direction.

[0032] The aforementioned improved technical features can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention compared with the prior art include:

[0034] (1) The buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device of the present invention includes a shell, a buoyancy component and a one-way overflow valve. By utilizing the corresponding combination of the float and the filling tube in the buoyancy component, and the corresponding arrangement of the float adjustment component between the shell and the float, the flexible anti-collision device can accurately adjust the immersion depth of the flexible anti-collision device in water by adjusting the float adjustment component, thereby improving the flexibility of the flexible anti-collision device and meeting its application under different application requirements, and reducing the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost of the flexible anti-collision capsule.

[0035] (2) The buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device of the present invention can accurately realize the adjustment process of the float by optimizing the structural composition of the float adjustment component and cooperating with the corresponding flange connection component; at the same time, by optimizing the arrangement of the shell, filling tube and float, and using the segmented hot melt welding method to form each component, the accuracy of forming each component is effectively guaranteed, the forming process of each component is simplified, and the installation cost and adjustment and maintenance difficulty of the flexible anti-collision device are reduced.

[0036] (3) The buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to set up. It can realize flexible anti-collision of the corresponding components and recover quickly after being subjected to impact. Moreover, through the corresponding design of the buoyancy components and the corresponding setting of the float adjustment components, the device has a flexible adjustment capability. It can flexibly adjust the buoyancy of the buoyancy components when they are working, and then flexibly adjust the immersion depth of the anti-collision device when it is used, so as to meet the application needs under different application scenarios, improve the functionality and flexibility of the flexible anti-collision device, and has good practical value and application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically:

[0040] 1. Outer shell; 2. Buoyancy assembly; 3. Flange connection assembly; 4. Float adjustment assembly; 5. One-way relief valve;

[0041] 101. Pipe cap; 102. Straight pipe; 103. Straight belt buckle; 201. Filler pipe; 202. Float; 301. Outer flange; 302. Inner flange; 303. Vent; 304. Connector; 401. Adjusting screw; 402. Screw connector; 501. Overflow valve; 502. Check valve. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0044] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0047] Example:

[0048] Please see Figure 1In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device includes a sealed capsule-shaped outer shell 1 and a buoyancy component 2 filled within the outer shell 1. Accordingly, an openable and closable vent 303 is provided on the upper part of the outer shell 1 that protrudes above the water surface (e.g., the top of the outer shell 1) when in use, and a one-way overflow valve 5 is provided on the lower part of the outer shell 1 that is immersed in the water (e.g., the bottom of the outer shell 1) when in use, to ensure the normal operation of the anti-collision device.

[0049] Specifically, in the preferred embodiment, the outer shell 1 is preferably a multi-segment assembly structure, which is formed by sequentially assembling and connecting multiple assembly units to form a capsule-shaped sealed structure, forming a sealed cavity inside for accommodating the buoyancy component 2.

[0050] For example, in such Figure 1 In the preferred embodiment shown, the outer shell 1 has a three-section structure, including a straight tube 102 located in the middle and open at both ends. The two ends of the straight tube 102 are respectively connected to tube caps 101. The two tube caps 101 are sealed at both ends of the straight tube 102 to form a capsule-like structure with a sealed inner cavity.

[0051] More specifically, in the preferred embodiment, the outer shell 1 is a flexible shell made of an elastic material, possessing a certain degree of flexible deformation capability, and is further preferably made of a plastic material. Preferably, the outer shell 1 is made of semi-rigid plastic PE (polyethylene); more preferably, the following semi-rigid plastic materials can also be used instead: modified PE (PE-RT, PEX, etc.), PP, modified PP (PPR, etc.), PVC (modified PVC), PA, and of course, rigid plastics such as PC, PET, and PS can also be preferred as needed.

[0052] Therefore, in actual installation, the connections between the components of the outer casing 1 are preferably achieved by heat fusion. Furthermore, in actual installation, the cap 101 has a structural form that is round, hemispherical, or frustum-shaped, for example... Figure 1 The dome shape shown.

[0053] Of course, it is understandable that in actual installation, one end of the straight pipe 102 can also be integrally formed with the cap 101. In this way, the "welds" on the outer shell 1 can be reduced, the overall structural integrity of the outer shell 1 can be improved, and the sealing performance of the outer shell 1 can be improved. Preferably, the end of the straight pipe 102 integrally formed with the cap 101 is preferably the end that is immersed in water, that is, the end that is provided with the one-way overflow valve 5.

[0054] Furthermore, in the preferred embodiment, the buoyancy component 2 is housed within the internal cavity of the outer shell 1, and includes a plurality of filling tubes 201 and floats 202, the axes of which are preferably parallel to the axis of the outer shell 1. The filling tubes 201 extend axially from one end of the outer shell 1 to the other end; the floats 202 have a sealed columnar structure, and their axial length is less than the axial length of the filling tubes 201, such that the top of the floats 202 is a certain distance from the top of the outer shell 1, thus reserving space for the installation of the float adjustment component 4.

[0055] More specifically, the radial dimension (outer diameter) of the float 202 is not less than the radial dimension (outer diameter) of the filling tube 201. It is preferably coaxially disposed in the middle of the outer shell 1, and the filling tube 201 is tightly filled around its outer periphery, which supports the outer shell 1 from the inside of the shell, so that the outer shell 1 forms a columnar capsule-shaped structure.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, in order to achieve tight filling of the buoyancy component 2 within the outer shell 1, a buoyancy element, such as a rod-shaped buoyancy rod, is filled in the gap formed by the adjacent filling tube 201 and the float 202 to improve the compactness of the buoyancy component 2 filling.

[0057] In actual installation, the filling tube 201 and the float 202 are made of flexible materials, more preferably rubber or plastic, possessing a certain elastic deformation capability. Their specific configuration is preferably the same as that of the outer shell 1, i.e., formed by sealing and splicing several tube segments or cylinder segments, creating a sealed accommodating cavity inside. Correspondingly, the filling tube 201 and the float 202 are filled with gas at a certain pressure. In a preferred embodiment, the filling tube 201 and / or the float 202 are filled with air at conventional atmospheric pressure; of course, depending on the actual installation requirements, different gases at different pressures can also be filled, as long as the actual application needs are met, which will not be elaborated here.

[0058] In actual use, water cannot enter the interior of either the filling tube 201 or the float 202, thus generating buoyancy that causes the bottom of the entire anti-collision device to be submerged in water while the top protrudes above the water surface. By changing the vertical position of the float 202 within the outer casing 1, the buoyancy of the flexible anti-collision device is adjusted accordingly, thereby adjusting the immersion depth of the flexible anti-collision device when used in water.

[0059] like Figure 1As shown, in order to adjust the vertical position of the float 202 inside the outer shell 1, in a preferred embodiment, a float adjustment component 4 is provided for the float 202. One end of the component matches the top of the float 202, and the other end passes through the top of the outer shell 1 and extends out. This allows the operator to adjust the relative position of the float 202 inside the outer shell 1 through the float adjustment component 4, thereby changing the depth of the float 202 immersed in the water, and thus achieving the purpose of adjusting the buoyancy of the buoyancy component 2, and ultimately changing the depth of the outer shell 1 immersed in the water.

[0060] More specifically, in the preferred embodiment, the float adjustment assembly 4 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes an adjusting screw 401 that passes through the top of the outer casing 1. One end of the adjusting screw 401 is threaded to the top of the outer casing 1, and the other end is movably connected to a screw connecting seat 402 located on the top of the float 202. Thus, by rotating the adjusting screw 401, the vertical relative position of the float 202 can be adjusted.

[0061] Preferably, in actual installation, a buffer pad of a certain thickness is provided between the surface of the screw connecting seat 402 and the float 202 to achieve vertical buffering when the float 202 is subjected to buoyancy and / or compression.

[0062] To achieve the matching setting of the adjusting screw 401 and the housing 1, a top through hole is provided on the top of the housing 1, and a flange connection assembly 3 is provided accordingly. The assembly includes an outer flange 301 and an inner flange 302 respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the top through hole of the housing 1. The two flanges are connected by several connectors 304, and through holes communicating with the top through hole are coaxially provided on the two flanges at the position directly opposite the top through hole. At least one of the two through holes is a threaded hole with internal threads, so that the adjusting screw 401 can be matched with the flange connection assembly 3 in a threaded matching manner.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, one of the two through holes is a smooth connecting through hole, and the other is a threaded hole with internal threads, so that the adjusting screw 401 is threadedly connected to only one through hole. More preferably, the through hole on the outer flange 301 is a threaded hole, and the through hole on the inner flange 302 is a smooth connecting through hole. In this way, external impurities can be prevented from entering the connection position between the flange connection assembly 3 and the adjusting screw 401 through the connecting through hole to a certain extent.

[0064] Correspondingly, at least one vent 303 communicating with the inside and outside of the housing 1 is also provided on the flange connection assembly 3, and a corresponding screw plug (not shown in the figure) is provided thereto. When the flexible anti-collision device in the preferred embodiment is used in water, at least one screw plug is removed, and water continuously enters the bottom of the housing 1 through the one-way overflow valve 5. At the same time as water enters, the gas inside the housing 1 is discharged from the device through the vent 303. At this time, the bottom of the buoyancy assembly 2 is submerged in the water inside the housing 1, and buoyancy begins to be generated until the flexible anti-collision device reaches static buoyancy equilibrium in the water and is in a stable working position.

[0065] Furthermore, a one-way overflow valve 5 is provided at the bottom of the outer casing 1, which includes an overflow valve 501 and a one-way valve 502 arranged in combination. The overflow valve 501 is connected to the inner and outer sides of the outer casing 1 respectively, and is used to open when the internal air pressure of the outer casing 1 reaches a certain threshold, so that the water inside the outer casing 1 can overflow from the overflow valve 501, thereby releasing the internal pressure of the outer casing 1, achieving the purpose of energy release, and preventing the anti-collision device from being damaged by impact. As for the one-way valve 502, one end is connected to the inside of the outer casing 1 and the other end is connected to the outside, and is used to realize the one-way delivery of external water to the inside of the outer casing 1, ensuring the maintenance of the internal water line when the anti-collision device is used normally, and realizing the balanced setting of the anti-collision device in water.

[0066] Correspondingly, for the one-way overflow valve 5 located at the bottom of the housing 1, it is further preferred that a bottom through hole is provided at the bottom of the housing 1, and a flange connection component matching the bottom through hole is provided accordingly. Its structure and arrangement are preferably similar to the flange connection assembly 3, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0067] In actual setup, the one-way relief valve 5 can be a standard hydraulic valve, or it can be designed according to needs.

[0068] In addition, in actual installation, it is preferable to install a hook on the outer flange 301, which is preferably connected by a thread, for hoisting the entire anti-collision device.

[0069] Further preferably, to facilitate the installation of the anti-collision device on the corresponding structural component, in a preferred embodiment, a plurality of strap buckles 103 are provided circumferentially around the outer periphery of the outer casing 1 for securing the anti-collision device to the corresponding component (e.g., a bridge pier). Preferably, the strap buckles 103 are heat-fused to the outer periphery of the straight tube 102, and are arranged in multiple circumferentially at intervals. Correspondingly, the strap buckles 103 are arranged in multiple turns at intervals along the axial direction of the straight tube 102, for example, two turns at intervals along the axial direction.

[0070] In actual implementation, the assembly, installation, and debugging process of the flexible anti-collision device in the preferred embodiment mainly includes the following steps:

[0071] (1) Before the flexible shell 1 is encapsulated and molded, an exhaust nozzle 303 is opened on the top of the shell 1, and the buoyancy component 2 is filled and installed inside the shell 1, so that the float 202 is located in the middle of the shell 1 and multiple filling tubes 201 are closely arranged on the outer periphery of the float 202.

[0072] (2) Set up a float adjustment assembly 4, with one end connected to the top of the float 202 and the other end adjustablely connected to the top of the outer shell 1;

[0073] (3) Install a one-way overflow valve 5 at the bottom of the outer shell 1 and encapsulate the outer shell 1 so that the buoyancy component 2 is encapsulated inside the outer shell 1, and the position of the float 202 inside the outer shell 1 can be adjusted by the float adjustment component 4.

[0074] (4) On-site installation of the flexible anti-collision device: First, open the vent 303 and immerse the entire device in water. External water enters the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 through the one-way valve 502 of the one-way overflow valve 5 and discharges the gas inside the outer shell 1 through the vent 303. After that, as the amount of water inside the outer shell 1 increases, the buoyancy generated by the filling tube 201 and the float 202 gradually increases, and the flexible anti-collision device sinks to the equilibrium position. At this time, if the immersion depth of the device is too shallow, adjust the float adjustment component 4 upward to raise the position of the float 202 until the immersion depth of the device reaches the expected level. Conversely, if the immersion position of the device is too deep, adjust the float adjustment component 4 in the opposite direction.

[0075] The preferred procedure is as follows:

[0076] 1. Before the straight pipe 102 and the pipe cap 101 are heat-fused together, flange connection assemblies 3 are installed on the two pipe caps 101 respectively, and the float adjustment assembly 4 is connected to the float 202 respectively.

[0077] 2. The float 202 and each filling tube 201 are embedded and squeezed into the inner cavity of the straight tube 102, so that the adjusting screw 401 is connected and matched with the flange connection assembly 3; thereafter, the ends of the straight tube 102 and the tube cap 101 to be connected are hot-melted, and the straight tube 102 is connected to the corresponding tube cap 101 to form the outer shell 1 containing the buoyancy assembly 2.

[0078] 3. After the connection position of the outer shell 1 has cooled down, install the corresponding auxiliary parts such as hooks, straps, and plugs, and install the one-way overflow valve 5 on the flange connection component at the bottom of the outer shell 1.

[0079] In actual setup, the one-way relief valve 5 needs to be pressure tested before installation, and the opening pressure of the relief valve 501 needs to be adjusted.

[0080] 4. The flexible anti-collision device is hoisted or transported to the installation location. The hoisting process can be completed by the hook set on the flange connection assembly 3.

[0081] 5. On-site installation: Open the exhaust port 303 and immerse the entire anti-collision device in water. External water enters the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 through the one-way valve 502 and discharges the gas inside the outer shell 1 through the exhaust port 303.

[0082] As the water level inside the outer shell 1 increases, the buoyancy generated by the filling tube 201 and the float 202 increases, causing the flexible anti-collision device to sink to its equilibrium position. At this point, observe whether the device's immersion depth meets expectations. If the immersion depth is too shallow, it indicates that the buoyancy of the buoyancy component 2 is too strong, requiring adjustment of the float adjustment component 4 to raise the position of the float 202. Consequently, the immersion depth of the device will increase until the expected depth is reached. Similarly, if the device's immersion depth is too deep, the adjustment can be reversed.

[0083] Subsequently, the buoyancy generated by the buoyancy component 2 gradually balances with the overall gravity of the flexible anti-collision device. The flexible anti-collision device no longer sinks and is in a self-floating state. After the exhaust nozzle 303 stops venting, the exhaust nozzle 303 is sealed by a screw plug, and the flexible anti-collision device in a self-floating state is fixed to the corresponding component by a strap.

[0084] Meanwhile, for the flexible anti-collision device in the preferred embodiment, its working stages after being installed on the outside of the corresponding component mainly include three stages:

[0085] Phase 1: Impact Initial Stage. The impact is primarily resisted by the elastic deformation of the outer shell 1 and the buoyancy component 2 clamped within it. As the deformation increases, the internal pressure of the outer shell 1 rises. Since the pressure does not reach the opening pressure of the overflow valve 501, the overflow valve 501 cannot open, and the one-way valve 502 remains closed. During this stage, the impact causes the flexible anti-collision device to deform further, its internal pressure continues to rise, and internal water cannot be discharged.

[0086] Phase Two: The pressure inside the outer casing 1 reaches the opening pressure of the overflow valve 501 until the impact ends. The water pressure inside the casing opens the overflow valve 501, and water sprays out from the lower channel, while the one-way valve 502 remains closed. Once the water inside the outer casing 1 is sprayed out through the overflow valve 501, its internal pressure can no longer rise. In this phase, the impact causes the flexible anti-collision device to deform further, the internal pressure of the casing remains constant, and the water inside sprays downwards.

[0087] Because the internal pressure of the flexible anti-collision device is constant, the force transmitted to the protected object through the flexible anti-collision device remains basically stable and no longer changes with subsequent impact deformation, ensuring that the force is less than the maximum impact force of the protected object, thus enabling the flexible anti-collision device to achieve the anti-collision function.

[0088] Phase Three: Self-Recovery Phase. Due to the material's annular flexibility, after the impactor is removed, the flattened outer shell 1 and buoyancy component 2 can self-recover to their initial state. In this phase, buoyancy component 2 begins to recover, the internal pressure of outer shell 1 is lower than atmospheric pressure, overflow valve 501 closes, and one-way valve 502 opens, allowing external water to be drawn into outer shell 1 from the bottom through one-way valve 502. The flexible anti-collision device as a whole returns to its state before the impact.

[0089] The buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device of this invention has a simple structure and is easy to set up. It can achieve flexible anti-collision of the corresponding components and quickly recover after being subjected to an impact. Moreover, through the corresponding design of the buoyancy components and the corresponding setting of the float adjustment components, the device has a flexible adjustment capability. It can flexibly adjust the buoyancy of the buoyancy components during operation, and thus flexibly adjust the immersion depth of the anti-collision device during use to meet the application needs of different application scenarios. This improves the functionality and flexibility of the flexible anti-collision device, and has good practical value and application prospects.

[0090] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device, comprising a flexible outer shell having a closed accommodating cavity and a buoyancy component tightly embedded in the accommodating cavity; characterized in that, The top of the housing is provided with a flange connection assembly, and at least one openable and closable vent is provided on the flange connection assembly, and the bottom of the housing is provided with a one-way overflow valve composed of an overflow valve and a one-way valve that connects the inside and outside of the bottom of the housing. The buoyancy component is made of flexible material and includes a float and a filling tube, which are respectively closed tubular structures. The float is coaxially arranged with the outer shell, and a certain pressure of gas is sealed in the float and the filling tube respectively. The filling tubes are multiple tubes arranged closely around the outer periphery of the float, extending from one end of the outer shell to the other end, and respectively abutting the inner wall of the outer shell and the outer wall of the float with their outer peripheral walls. The length of the pontoon is less than the length of the filling tube, and a pontoon adjustment component is provided therecorrespondingly. One end of the pontoon adjustment component is matched and connected to the top of the pontoon, and the other end is adjustablely connected to the top of the outer shell. This allows the distance between the pontoon and the top of the outer shell to be adjusted by adjusting the pontoon adjustment component, thereby changing the depth of the pontoon submerged in water, thereby adjusting the buoyancy of the buoyancy component, and ultimately changing the depth of the outer shell submerged in water.

2. The flexible crash avoidance system with adjustable buoyancy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The float adjustment assembly includes an adjustment screw and a screw connecting seat; The screw connector is connected to the top of the float; one end of the adjusting screw is movably connected to the screw connector, and the other end is threaded to the top of the outer shell and extends out of the outer shell.

3. The flexible crash avoidance system with adjustable buoyancy according to claim 2, characterized in that, A buffer pad is provided between the screw connector and the top of the float.

4. The buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flange connection assembly includes an outer flange and an inner flange respectively disposed on the inner and outer sides of the top of the housing; The two flanges are connected by several connecting parts, and a connecting through hole is provided between the two flanges. The adjusting screw passes through the connecting through hole and is threadedly connected to it.

5. The buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vent is a threaded hole on the flange connection assembly, and a plug is provided corresponding to the threaded hole.

6. The buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the float is larger than the outer diameter of the filling tube.

7. The buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Multiple strap buckles are provided at intervals around the outer periphery of the housing for threading and securing the straps.

8. The buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The outer shell, the filling tube, and / or the float are composed of multiple connected components, and the connection between adjacent components is achieved by hot-melt welding.

9. The buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, A buoyancy element is installed in the gap formed after two adjacent filling tubes are squeezed together. and / or A bottom through hole is provided at the bottom of the housing corresponding to the connection of the one-way relief valve, and a flange connection component is provided corresponding to the bottom through hole, so that the one-way relief valve is connected to the flange connection component.

10. A method for assembling and installing a buoyancy-adjustable flexible anti-collision device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The process includes the following: (1) Before the flexible shell is encapsulated and molded, an exhaust port is opened at the top of the shell, and the buoyancy components are filled and installed inside the shell, so that the float is located in the middle of the shell and multiple filling tubes are closely arranged on the outer periphery of the float. (2) A float adjustment assembly is provided, with one end connected to the top of the float and the other end adjustablely connected to the top of the outer shell; (3) Install a one-way overflow valve at the bottom of the shell and encapsulate the shell so that the buoyancy component is encapsulated inside the shell and the position of the float inside the shell can be adjusted by the float adjustment component; (4) On-site installation of flexible anti-collision devices; First, open the vent and immerse the entire device in water. Outside water enters the inner cavity of the outer shell through the one-way valve of the one-way overflow valve and discharges the gas inside the outer shell through the vent. Subsequently, as the amount of water inside the shell increases, the buoyancy generated by the filling tube and the float gradually increases, and the flexible anti-collision device sinks to the equilibrium position. At this time, if the immersion depth of the device is too shallow, the float adjustment component is adjusted upward to raise the position of the float until the immersion depth of the device reaches the expected level. Conversely, if the device is submerged too deeply, the float adjustment assembly is adjusted in the opposite direction.

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