Vibration and impact rock breaking test device

Abstract

This application provides a vibration impact rock breaking experimental apparatus, including a confining pressure loading assembly, a drill bit, a drill pipe, a drilling fluid circulation assembly, a rotary impact assembly, and an axial impact assembly. The confining pressure loading assembly is configured to apply pressure to a core sample within a core cavity in three mutually perpendicular directions. The drill bit is used to drill into the core cavity to drill the core sample. The drilling fluid circulation assembly includes a drilling fluid outlet, a drilling fluid inlet, and a mud pump connected between the drilling fluid outlet and the drilling fluid inlet. The rotary impact assembly includes a hydraulic rotary motor and a hydraulic oscillating motor, both connected to the drill pipe. The axial impact assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder and a servo linear actuator connected to the first hydraulic cylinder and also connected to the drill pipe. This experimental apparatus enables experimental research on high-frequency vibration impact rock breaking, providing theoretical guidance for deep well drilling in the field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of drilling technology, and in particular to a vibration impact rock breaking experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of oil and gas engineering, the exploitation of deep conventional and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs has become an inevitable choice for improving oil and gas resource recovery. However, the exploitation of these reservoirs is extremely difficult, especially in drilling, which faces unprecedented technical challenges. This is mainly because, with increasing drilling depth, the hardness of the reservoir rock increases, making rock breaking more difficult. Related research indicates that percussion drilling technology has become an efficient method for fracturing deep hard rock, and equipment such as torsion impactors and axial hydraulic impactors have become key research areas in deep well drilling.

[0003] However, there are very few experimental studies on high-frequency vibration impact rock breaking, which cannot provide theoretical guidance for field deep well drilling operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a vibration impact rock-breaking experimental device to solve the problems pointed out in the background art or other similar problems.

[0005] This application provides a vibration impact rock breaking experimental device, comprising: a confining pressure loading assembly providing a core cavity for accommodating a core sample and a fluid outlet communicating with the core cavity; the confining pressure loading assembly being configured to apply pressure to the core sample within the core cavity in three mutually perpendicular directions; a drill bit for drilling into the core cavity; a drill pipe connected to the drill bit; and a drilling fluid circulation assembly including a drilling fluid inlet, a drilling fluid outlet, and a mud pump connected between the drilling fluid outlet and the drilling fluid inlet; the drilling fluid outlet being in fluid communication with the drill bit via the drill pipe, and the drilling fluid inlet being in communication with the fluid outlet; the mud pump, the drilling fluid outlet, the drill pipe, the drill bit, the core cavity, the fluid outlet, the drilling fluid inlet, and the mud pump are also included. A mud circulation channel is formed by sequential fluid communication; a rotary impact assembly includes a hydraulic rotary motor and a hydraulic oscillating motor respectively connected to the drill pipe. The hydraulic rotary motor is used to apply torque in a first direction to the drill pipe, and the hydraulic oscillating motor is used to alternately apply instantaneous torque in the first direction and a second direction to the drill pipe. The first direction and the second direction are clockwise or counterclockwise, and the first direction and the second direction are opposite; an axial impact assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder and a servo linear actuator connected to the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder and connected to the drill pipe. The first hydraulic cylinder is used to apply a third-direction thrust to the drill pipe, and the servo linear actuator is used to alternately apply a third-direction thrust and a fourth-direction pull to the drill pipe. The third direction and the fourth direction are opposite.

[0006] In some embodiments, the experimental apparatus further includes a temperature control component, comprising a heating element for heating the core sample in the core cavity, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the core sample, and a controller electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the heating element, wherein the heating element and the temperature sensor are disposed on the confining pressure loading component.

[0007] In some embodiments, the confining pressure loading assembly includes: a plurality of pressure plates that together form the core cavity; and at least three second hydraulic cylinders configured to apply pressure to at least three mutually perpendicular pressure plates in three mutually perpendicular directions.

[0008] In some embodiments, the drilling fluid circulation assembly further includes: a mud tank connected between the drilling fluid inlet and the drilling fluid outlet for containing drilling fluid; and a desander connected between the drilling fluid inlet and the drilling fluid outlet for removing solid impurities from the drilling fluid.

[0009] In some embodiments, the experimental apparatus further includes: a fixed support; a movable support axially movably disposed on the fixed support, wherein the first hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic rotary motor are mounted on the movable support; a third hydraulic cylinder connected to the fixed support and the movable support for driving the movable support to move up and down along the axial direction; and a locking device connected to the movable support for releasably locking the movable support to the fixed support.

[0010] In some embodiments, the fixed bracket includes a plurality of support columns, each of which is arranged along the axial direction; the movable bracket includes a plurality of support platforms that are spaced apart and connected sequentially along the axial direction, each of which passes through the plurality of support platforms, and at least one of the support platforms is connected to at least one of the support columns through the locking device.

[0011] In some embodiments, the fixed bracket includes a base, a plurality of the support columns are fixed on the base, the base is provided with a plurality of parallel spaced guide rails, and the confining pressure loading assembly is provided with a track that cooperates with the guide rails.

[0012] In some embodiments, the experimental apparatus further includes: a data acquisition component, including a displacement sensor disposed in the first hydraulic cylinder, a magnetostrictive displacement sensor disposed on the servo linear actuator, a pressure sensor connected to the servo linear actuator, a torsion angle measuring instrument connected to the drill rod and located between the hydraulic rotary motor and the hydraulic oscillating motor, and a torque sensor and a speed sensor respectively used to measure the torque and speed of the drill rod.

[0013] In some embodiments, the experimental apparatus further includes: a servo controller configured to receive measurement data acquired by the data acquisition component and to receive user instructions, and to issue control signals according to the measurement data and the user instructions; and a constant pressure servo pump station configured to receive the control signals and to control the first hydraulic cylinder, the servo linear actuator, and the hydraulic swing motor according to the control signals, wherein the constant pressure servo pump station is electrically connected to the hydraulic rotary motor to control the rotation of the hydraulic rotary motor.

[0014] In some embodiments, the experimental apparatus further includes a terminal device, which is communicatively connected to the confining pressure loading component, the drilling fluid circulation component, the data acquisition component, and the servo controller.

[0015] This application embodiment can simulate formation pressure during actual drilling by setting a confining pressure loading component, simulate drilling fluid circulation conditions during actual drilling by setting a drilling fluid circulation component, simulate formation temperature during actual drilling by setting a temperature control component, and simulate high-frequency vibration impact applied by the drill bit during actual drilling by setting a rotational impact component and an axial impact component, so as to study the impact of vibration on rock sample fragmentation and provide guidance for theoretical research. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or prior art of this specification, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration impact rock-breaking experimental device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the confining pressure loading component and drilling fluid circulation component in the embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of the temperature control component in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic block diagram of the control system in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Explanation of key component designations:

[0022] 10. Drill bit; 20. Confining pressure loading assembly; 30. Drilling fluid circulation assembly; 40. Rotary impact assembly;

[0023] 50. Axial impact assembly; 101. Core sample; 102. Core cavity; 103. Pressure plate; 104. Hydraulic cylinder;

[0024] 105. Pressure sensor;

[0025] 106. Heating element; 107. Temperature sensor; 108. Controller; 109. Drilling fluid outlet;

[0026] 110. Drilling fluid inlet; 111. Mud pump; 112. Mud tank; 113. Desander;

[0027] 114. Hydraulic rotary motor; 115. Hydraulic swing motor; 1151. Upper part; 1152. Lower part;

[0028] 116. Liquid outlet; 117. Servo linear actuator; 118. Hydraulic cylinder; 119. Connector;

[0029] 121. Servo controller; 122. Constant pressure servo pump station; 123. Terminal equipment; 124. Mounting bracket;

[0030] 1241. Base; 1242. Support column; 125. Movable bracket; 1251. Support platform;

[0031] 126. Hydraulic cylinder; 127. Locking device; 128. Drill pipe; 129. Sealing joint;

[0032] 130. Base plate; 132. Cylinder body; 133. Top cover; 140. Torque measuring instrument;

[0033] 141. Torque sensor; 142. Speed ​​sensor; 143. Displacement sensor;

[0034] 144. Magnetostrictive displacement sensor; 145. Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this specification, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0036] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish different elements by name, but do not indicate the spatial arrangement or chronological order of these elements, and these elements should not be limited by these terms. The term "and / or" includes any one or more of the terms listed in association and all combinations thereof. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," etc., refer to the presence of the stated features, elements, components, or assemblies, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, or assemblies.

[0037] In the embodiments of this application, the singular forms "a," "the," etc., may include the plural forms and should be broadly understood as "a kind" or "a class" rather than limited to the meaning of "one." In addition, the term "the" should be understood to include both the singular and plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, the term "according to" should be understood as "at least partially based on..." and the term "based on" should be understood as "at least partially based on..." unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In addition, the term "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise stated.

[0038] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] This application provides a vibration impact rock breaking experimental device, including a drill bit 10, a confining pressure loading component 20, a drilling fluid circulation component 30, a rotary impact component 40, an axial impact component 50, and a data acquisition component.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, drill bit 10 is used to drill into core samples to simulate the drilling process during on-site drilling. For example, drill bit 10 can be a polycrystalline diamond composite (PDC) drill bit, suitable for rock formations with high hardness. Figure 1 As shown, drill bit 10 is connected to drill rod 128.

[0041] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the confining pressure loading assembly 20 is used to apply confining pressure to the core sample 101 to simulate formation confining pressure. Specifically, as... Figure 2 As shown, the confining pressure loading assembly 20 provides a core cavity 102 and a fluid outlet 116 communicating with the core cavity 102. The core cavity 102 is used to contain a core sample 101, and the fluid outlet 116 is used to connect to the drilling fluid circulation assembly 30. The confining pressure loading assembly 20 is configured to apply pressure to the core sample 101 within the core cavity 102 in three mutually perpendicular directions. In other words, the confining pressure loading assembly 20 can apply pressure in the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction to the core sample 101, with the X, Y, and Z directions being mutually perpendicular. For example, the confining pressure loading assembly 20 is a true triaxial core holder.

[0042] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the confining pressure loading assembly 20 includes a plurality of pressure plates 103 and at least three hydraulic cylinders 104 (i.e., second hydraulic cylinders). The plurality of pressure plates 103 together form a core cavity 102. The at least three hydraulic cylinders 104 are configured to apply pressure to at least three mutually perpendicular pressure plates 103 in three mutually perpendicular directions.

[0043] For example, such as Figure 2As shown, the core sample 101 and the core cavity 102 are square in shape, and there are six pressure plates 103. The six pressure plates 103 together form a square core cavity 102. The pressure plate 103 located at the top of the core sample 101 (called the top pressure plate 103) is provided with a through hole, which connects the core cavity 102 with the outside. The drill bit 10 can pass through the through hole to drill the core sample 101 inside the core cavity 102.

[0044] In one example, the number of hydraulic cylinders 104 can be five. The five hydraulic cylinders 104 are connected to five pressure plates 103 (excluding the top pressure plate 103) outside the core cavity 102, so as to drive the five pressure plates 103 to apply pressure to the core sample 101 simultaneously in three mutually perpendicular directions, thereby simulating the confining pressure of the formation.

[0045] In another example, the number of hydraulic cylinders 104 can be three. The three hydraulic cylinders 104 are respectively connected to three mutually perpendicular pressure plates 103 to drive the three pressure plates 103 to apply pressure to the core sample 101 simultaneously in three mutually perpendicular directions, thereby simulating the confining pressure of the formation.

[0046] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the confining pressure loading assembly 20 also includes a base plate 130, a cylinder 132, and a top cover 133. The cylinder 132 is fixed to the base plate 130. The cylinder 132 and the base plate 130 together define an open-top internal space. The pressure plate 103 and the hydraulic cylinder 104 are disposed in the internal space. The top cover 133 is disposed at the top of the internal space and is detachably connected to the cylinder 132 so that the pressure plate 103 and the hydraulic cylinder 104 can be placed into or removed from the internal space.

[0047] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the confining pressure loading assembly 20 also includes a sealing joint 129, which can be sealed to the upper cover 133. The drill rod 128 passes through the sealing joint 129, and the sealing joint 129 is provided with a liquid outlet 116.

[0048] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the confining pressure loading assembly 20 also includes pressure sensors 105 for detecting the pressure exerted on the core sample 101. For example, the number of pressure sensors 105 is at least three, to detect pressure in three mutually perpendicular directions respectively. For example, the pressure sensors 105 can be disposed on each hydraulic cylinder 104, and the hydraulic pressure of each hydraulic cylinder detected by the pressure sensors 105 can be used as the pressure exerted on the core sample 101.

[0049] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the experimental apparatus of this application also includes a temperature control component, which is used to heat the core sample 101 to simulate formation temperature. The temperature control component includes a heating element 106 for heating the core sample 101 in the core cavity 102, a temperature sensor 107 for detecting the temperature of the core sample 101, and a controller 108 electrically connected to the temperature sensor 107 and the heating element 106. The heating element 106 and the temperature sensor 107 are mounted on the confining pressure loading assembly 20.

[0050] For example, the heating element 106 can be a heating tube, which can be mounted on the pressure plate 103. For instance, the pressure plate 103 has a mounting groove, and the heating tube is disposed in the mounting groove. Each pressure plate 103 can be provided with multiple heating tubes arranged at intervals to achieve uniform and rapid heating. Each pressure plate 103 can be provided with a temperature sensor 107 for detecting the temperature of the pressure plate 103. The temperature of the pressure plate 103 detected by the temperature sensor 107 can be used as the temperature of the core sample 101.

[0051] For example, the controller 108 may be a PID temperature controller, which can receive temperature data from the temperature sensor 107 and control the heating element 106 to heat the core sample 101 according to the temperature data and the temperature set by the user, so that the core sample 101 is heated to the temperature set by the user.

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the drilling fluid circulation assembly 30 is used to simulate drilling fluid circulation during the on-site drilling process. The drilling fluid circulation assembly 30 includes a drilling fluid outlet 109, a drilling fluid inlet 110, and a mud pump 111 connected between the drilling fluid outlet 109 and the drilling fluid inlet 110. Driven by the mud pump 111, the drilling fluid enters the drilling fluid circulation assembly 30 from the drilling fluid inlet 110 and then flows out from the drilling fluid outlet 109. The drilling fluid outlet 109 is in fluid communication with the drill bit 10 via the drill pipe 128, and the drilling fluid inlet 110 is in communication with the outlet 116. The mud pump 111, drilling fluid outlet 109, drill pipe 128, drill bit 10, core cavity 102, outlet 116, drilling fluid inlet 110 and mud pump 111 are in fluid communication in sequence to form a mud circulation channel. Therefore, the drilling fluid flowing out from the drilling fluid outlet 109 enters the drill bit 10, is ejected from the nozzle of the drill bit 10, and then flows back with the rock cuttings broken by the drill bit 10. Then it flows out from the outlet 116 and enters the drilling fluid circulation assembly 30 via the drilling fluid inlet 110. After that, driven by the mud pump 111, it flows out from the drilling fluid outlet 109 and enters the drill bit 10 again for the next circulation.

[0053] Optionally, such as Figure 2As shown, the drilling fluid circulation assembly 30 also includes a mud tank 112 and a desander 113 connected between the drilling fluid inlet 110 and the drilling fluid outlet 109. The mud tank 112 is used to contain drilling fluid, and the desander 113 is used to remove solid impurities such as sand and rock cuttings from the drilling fluid.

[0054] For example, in the direction of drilling fluid flow, the desander 113, mud tank 112 and mud pump 111 are connected in sequence. Therefore, the drilling fluid entering from the drilling fluid inlet 110 is purified by the desander 113 and then enters the mud tank 112. Driven by the mud pump 111, the drilling fluid in the mud tank 112 flows out from the drilling fluid outlet 109 and into the drill bit 10.

[0055] For example, the desander 113 is a hydrocyclone desander, which uses the principle of hydraulic hydrocyclone separation to separate fixed impurities from the drilling fluid. Alternatively, the desander 113 can also be a vibrating screen.

[0056] For example, mud pump 111 is a submersible electric pump.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the rotary impact assembly 40 is used to provide the drill bit 10 with rock-breaking torque and circumferential impact load to drive the drill bit 10 to break the core sample 101.

[0058] The rotary impact assembly 40 includes a hydraulic rotary motor 114 connected to the drill pipe 128 and a hydraulic oscillating motor 115 connected to the drill pipe 128. The rock-breaking torque and circumferential impact load applied by the rotary impact assembly 40 can be transmitted to the drill bit 10 through the drill pipe 128, and the drilling pressure and axial impact load applied by the axial impact assembly 50 can be transmitted to the drill bit 10 through the drill pipe 128 to drive the drill bit 10 to drill the core sample.

[0059] Specifically, the hydraulic rotary motor 114 is used to apply a torque (i.e., rock-breaking torque) in a first direction to the drill rod 128 to drive the drill rod 128 and the drill bit 10 to rotate in a first direction, which is either clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0060] Specifically, the hydraulic oscillating motor 115 is used to alternately apply torque (i.e., impact torque) in a first direction and a second direction to the drill rod 128. The second direction is either clockwise or counterclockwise and is opposite to the first direction.

[0061] When the hydraulic oscillating motor 115 applies an impact torque in the first direction to the drill rod 128, it accelerates the rotation of the drill bit 10 in the first direction. When the hydraulic oscillating motor 115 applies an impact torque in the second direction to the drill rod 128, it decelerates the rotation of the drill bit 10 in the first direction. The time interval between the hydraulic oscillating motor 115 applying torque in the first and second directions is short, and the time for the hydraulic oscillating motor 115 to apply torque in the first direction and torque in the second direction is also short, thereby driving the drill bit 10 to apply an instantaneous circumferential impact to the core sample 101.

[0062] The alternating frequency of the hydraulic swing motor 115 applying torque in the first and second directions, as well as the duration of applying torque in the first and second directions, can be set according to actual needs.

[0063] The hydraulic oscillating motor 115 can be connected to a pump station, which provides energy to the motor via oil supply. The hydraulic oscillating motor 115 is a hydraulic actuator that reciprocates on its output shaft. The hydraulic oscillating motor 115 can be a vane-type or piston-type oscillating motor. The vane-type oscillating motor works by pressurized oil driving the motor's vanes to reciprocate on the output shaft. The piston-type oscillating motor works by pressurized oil driving the motor's piston in a linear motion, which in turn drives the output shaft to oscillate. The hydraulic oscillating motor 115 can be controlled by an electro-hydraulic servo valve. After receiving control commands from the control system, the electro-hydraulic servo valve controls the operation of the hydraulic oscillating motor 115 by controlling the flow and direction of the hydraulic oil.

[0064] In this embodiment, the hydraulic swing motor 115 and the hydraulic rotary motor 114 cooperate with each other. Based on the rotation of the drill rod 128 driven by the hydraulic rotary motor 114, the drill rod 128 is accelerated and decelerated at a certain frequency, thereby forming a dynamic impact change of circumferential torque and obtaining the circumferential impact force and impact frequency required for the experiment.

[0065] This embodiment can use existing hydraulic rotary motors and hydraulic swing motors, and their specific structures will not be described in detail.

[0066] Optionally, a torsion angle measuring instrument 140 is provided on the drill pipe 128. The torsion angle measuring instrument 140 is located between the hydraulic rotary motor 114 and the hydraulic oscillating motor 115 and is connected to the drill pipe 128. When the hydraulic rotary motor 114 drives the drill pipe 128 to rotate, the torsion angle measuring instrument 140 rotates synchronously with the drill pipe 128. When the hydraulic oscillating motor 115 applies an instantaneous impact torque to the drill pipe 128, this instantaneous impact torque causes the drill pipe 128 to produce an instantaneous, minute circumferential impact displacement, or in other words, causes the drill pipe 128 to produce an instantaneous, minute impact rotation angle. The torsion angle measuring instrument 140 can measure the value of this impact rotation angle.

[0067] Optionally, the experimental apparatus of this application further includes a torque sensor 141 and a speed sensor 142, which are used to measure the torque and speed of the drill rod 128, respectively. The torque of the drill rod 128 is the sum of the torques applied to the drill rod 128 by the hydraulic rotary motor 114 and the hydraulic oscillating motor 115.

[0068] For example, torque sensor 141 is a non-contact torque sensor, and speed sensor 142 is a non-contact speed sensor. Therefore, torque sensor 141 and speed sensor 142 can be mounted in a position aligned with drill pipe 128 without having to rotate with drill pipe 128. For example, torque sensor 141 and speed sensor 142 are mounted on the housing of hydraulic oscillating motor 115.

[0069] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic rotary motor 114 and the hydraulic oscillating motor 115 are supported by the platform. The actuating parts of the hydraulic rotary motor 114 and the hydraulic oscillating motor 115 are fixedly connected to the drill rod 128 to apply rotational and impact torque to the drill rod 128.

[0070] In some embodiments, the axial impact assembly 50 is used to provide drill pressure and axial impact load to the drill bit 10 to drive the drill bit 10 to break the core sample 101.

[0071] The axial impact assembly 50 includes a hydraulic cylinder 118 (i.e., a first hydraulic cylinder), a servo linear actuator 117, and a connector 119. The servo linear actuator 117 is connected to the drill pipe 128, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 118 is connected to the servo linear actuator 117.

[0072] Hydraulic cylinder 118 applies a third-direction thrust to drill pipe 128, which is directed toward core sample 101 and parallel to the axial direction of drill pipe 128. Since hydraulic cylinder 118 is connected to drill pipe 128 via servo linear actuator 117, the thrust generated by hydraulic cylinder 118 is applied to drill pipe 128 through servo linear actuator 117. The thrust applied by hydraulic cylinder 118 provides drilling pressure to drill pipe 128 and drill bit 10, driving drill pipe 128 and drill bit 10 to move toward core sample 101.

[0073] The servo linear actuator 117 is used to alternately apply a third-direction thrust and a fourth-direction pull to the drill pipe 128. The fourth direction is opposite to the third direction and is parallel to the axial direction of the drill pipe 128.

[0074] When the servo linear actuator 117 applies a force to the drill pipe 128, it accelerates the axial drilling of the drill bit 10 in the third direction. When the servo linear actuator 117 applies a tension force in the fourth direction to the drill pipe 128, it decelerates the axial drilling of the drill pipe 128 in the third direction. The time interval between the servo linear actuator 117 applying the thrust force in the third direction and the tension force in the fourth direction is short, and the time for the servo linear actuator 117 to apply the thrust force in the third direction and the time for applying the tension force in the fourth direction are also short, thereby driving the drill bit 10 to apply an instantaneous axial impact to the core sample 101.

[0075] The servo linear actuator 117 can apply controllable thrust and pull to the drill pipe 128. By controlling the amplitude of the servo linear actuator 117, the axial impact load applied by the servo linear actuator 117 to the drill pipe 128 can be controlled, thereby controlling the axial impact force of the drill bit 10 on the core sample 101.

[0076] The servo linear actuator 117 can be connected to a pump station, which provides energy to the servo linear actuator 117 by supplying oil. The servo linear actuator 117 can be controlled by an electro-hydraulic servo valve. After receiving control commands from the control system, the electro-hydraulic servo valve controls the operation of the servo linear actuator 117 by controlling the flow and direction of the pressurized oil, so that the servo linear actuator 117 produces a linear reciprocating force change, thereby obtaining the axial impact force and impact frequency required for the experiment.

[0077] This embodiment can use a servo linear actuator of existing technology, and its specific structure will not be described in detail.

[0078] Optionally, a displacement sensor 143 is provided on the hydraulic cylinder 118 for measuring the displacement of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 118.

[0079] Optionally, the servo linear actuator 117 is provided with a magnetostrictive displacement sensor 144, which can monitor the minute axial displacement generated by the axial impact of the servo linear actuator 117.

[0080] In this embodiment, the servo linear actuator 117 is connected to the drill rod 128 via a connector 119. The connector 119 can be an end face bearing. The end face bearing can transmit the axial force applied by the servo linear actuator 117 and the hydraulic cylinder 118 to the drill rod 128, but will not transmit the torque applied to the drill rod 128 by the hydraulic rotary motor 114 to the servo linear actuator 117 and the hydraulic cylinder 118. This reduces the circumferential friction force generated on the drill rod and avoids inaccurate torque measurements or deviations in experimental data.

[0081] Optionally, a pressure sensor 145 is connected between the servo linear actuator 117 and the connector 119 for measuring drilling pressure.

[0082] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the experimental apparatus of this application also includes a servo controller 121 and a constant-pressure servo pump station 122. The servo controller 121 is configured to receive measurement data collected by a torsion angle measuring instrument 140, a torque sensor 141, a speed sensor 142, a displacement sensor 143, a magnetostrictive displacement sensor 144, and a pressure sensor 145, as well as user commands. It then issues control signals based on the measurement data and user commands, which can be received from a computer or other terminal. The constant-pressure servo pump station 122 is configured to receive the control signals and control the hydraulic swing motor 115, the hydraulic cylinder 118, and the servo linear actuator 117 based on the control signals. The constant-pressure servo pump station 122 is electrically connected to the hydraulic rotary motor 114 to control its rotation. The constant-pressure servo pump station 122 is also electrically connected to the hydraulic cylinder 104 to control its movement.

[0083] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the experimental apparatus of this application also includes a terminal device 123, which is communicatively connected to the confining pressure loading component 20, the drilling fluid circulation component 30, the data acquisition component, and the servo controller 121. The terminal device 123 can receive and process data sent by the confining pressure loading component 20, the drilling fluid circulation component 30, and the data acquisition component, and can send user commands to the servo controller 121. For example, the terminal device 123 is a computer.

[0084] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the terminal device 123 is communicatively connected to the pressure sensor 105 of the confining pressure loading component 20, the temperature sensor 107 of the temperature control component, the mud pump 111 of the drilling fluid circulation component 30, and the data acquisition component.

[0085] Optionally, the measurement data collected by the torsion angle measuring instrument 140, torque sensor 141, speed sensor 142, displacement sensor 143, magnetostrictive displacement sensor 144, and pressure sensor 145 can be directly sent to the servo controller 121, or sent to the servo controller 121 through the terminal device 123.

[0086] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the experimental apparatus of this application also includes a fixed support 124, a movable support, a hydraulic cylinder 126 (i.e., a third hydraulic cylinder), and a locking device 127. The movable support is axially movable on the fixed support 124. The hydraulic cylinder 118, the hydraulic rotary motor 114, and the hydraulic swing motor 115 are mounted on the movable support and supported by it.

[0087] like Figure 1As shown, the hydraulic cylinder 126 is connected to the fixed bracket 124 and the movable bracket 125 respectively, and is used to drive the movable bracket 125 to move up and down in the axial direction to adjust the height of the movable bracket 125, thereby adjusting the height of the drill bit 10. For example, by lowering the height of the drill bit 10, the drill bit 10 can be inserted into the core cavity 102 to drill the core sample 101; by increasing the height of the drill bit 10, the drill bit 10 can be moved out of the core cavity 102 to facilitate the removal or replacement of the core sample 101 in the core cavity 102.

[0088] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, hydraulic cylinder 126 is arranged axially. One end of hydraulic cylinder 126 is connected to fixed bracket 124, and the other end is connected to movable bracket 125. Hydraulic cylinder 126 drives movable bracket 125 to rise and fall by extending or shortening along the axial direction. There can be two hydraulic cylinders 126, arranged opposite each other and spaced apart, to drive movable bracket 125 to rise and fall smoothly. Constant pressure servo pump station 122 is electrically connected to hydraulic cylinder 126 to control the action of hydraulic cylinder 126.

[0089] like Figure 1 As shown, the locking device 127 is connected to the movable bracket 125 and is used to releasably lock the movable bracket 125 to the fixed bracket 124. For example, after the movable bracket 125 is adjusted to a preset height, the locking device 127 locks the movable bracket 125 to the fixed bracket 124 for subsequent experimental operations. When it is necessary to adjust the height of the movable bracket 125, the locking device 127 releases the lock on the movable bracket, so that the hydraulic cylinder 126 drives the movable bracket 125 to rise or fall until the movable bracket 125 reaches another preset height.

[0090] For example, the locking device 127 is a locking hydraulic cylinder, which uses hydraulic locking to lock the movable support 125, ensuring that the movable support 125 will not move or crawl during the experiment, and achieving a stable and reliable locking. The constant pressure servo pump station 122 is electrically connected to the locking hydraulic cylinder to control the action of the locking hydraulic cylinder.

[0091] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the fixed bracket 124 includes a base 1241 and a plurality of support columns 1242 fixed on the base 1241, each support column 1242 being arranged along the axial direction. The movable bracket 125 includes a plurality of support platforms 1251 arranged at intervals along the axial direction and connected in sequence, respectively for supporting the hydraulic cylinder 118, the hydraulic rotary motor 114, and the hydraulic swing motor 115. Each support column 1242 passes through the plurality of support platforms 1251, therefore, under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder 126, the plurality of support platforms 1251 are guided by the support columns 1242 to rise and fall along the axial direction. At least one support platform 1251 is connected to at least one support column 1242 through a locking device 127, thus the locking device 127 can lock the support platform 1251 to the support column 1242.

[0092] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, there are three support platforms 1251, which are arranged at intervals from top to bottom. The hydraulic cylinder 118 is supported by the uppermost support platform 1251, the hydraulic rotary motor 114 is supported by the middle support platform 1251, and the hydraulic swing motor 115 is supported by the lowermost support platform 1251.

[0093] For example, there are four locking devices 127 and four support columns 1242. The four support columns 1242 are arranged in a rectangle, and the four locking devices 127 are respectively located at the four corners of the middle support platform 1251 to lock the support platform 1251 with the four support columns 1242, thereby achieving a stable and reliable locking.

[0094] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the top surface of the base 1241 of the fixed bracket 124 is provided with a plurality of parallel spaced guide rails 129, and the bottom surface of the base plate 130 of the confining pressure loading assembly 20 is provided with a track 131 that cooperates with the guide rails 129. Therefore, the confining pressure loading assembly 20 can slide and cooperate with the base 1241, which facilitates moving the confining pressure loading assembly 20 into or out of the base 1241, so as to facilitate the installation or removal of the core sample 101.

[0095] In one example, guide rail 129 is an elongated groove, and track 131 is a protrusion that mates with the groove.

[0096] In another example, guide rail 129 is an elongated protrusion, and track 131 is a groove that can mate with the protrusion.

[0097] Optionally, both the base 1241 and the base plate 130 are provided with multiple positioning holes. After the confining pressure loading component 20 is moved into the base 1241, bolts are installed in the positioning holes to fix the base 1241 and the base plate 130, ensuring that the confining pressure loading component 20 does not shift during the experiment.

[0098] The above description is merely an embodiment of this specification and is not intended to limit this specification. Various modifications and variations can be made to this specification by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this specification should be included within the scope of the claims of this specification.

Claims

1. A vibration impact rock-breaking experimental device, characterized in that, include: A confining pressure loading assembly provides a core cavity for containing a core sample and a liquid outlet communicating with the core cavity. The confining pressure loading assembly is configured to apply pressure to the core sample within the core cavity in three mutually perpendicular directions. A drill bit is used to penetrate into the core cavity to drill the core sample. The drill pipe is connected to the drill bit; A drilling fluid circulation assembly includes a drilling fluid inlet, a drilling fluid outlet, and a mud pump connected between the drilling fluid outlet and the drilling fluid inlet. The drilling fluid outlet is in fluid communication with the drill bit through the drill pipe, and the drilling fluid inlet is in communication with the outlet. The mud pump, the drilling fluid outlet, the drill pipe, the drill bit, the core cavity, the outlet, the drilling fluid inlet, and the mud pump are sequentially in fluid communication to form a mud circulation channel. The rotary impact assembly includes a hydraulic rotary motor and a hydraulic oscillating motor respectively connected to the drill pipe. The hydraulic rotary motor is used to apply torque in a first direction to the drill pipe, and the hydraulic oscillating motor is used to alternately apply instantaneous torque in the first direction and a second direction to the drill pipe. The first direction and the second direction are either clockwise or counterclockwise, and the first direction and the second direction are opposite. An axial impact assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder and a servo linear actuator connected to the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder and connected to the drill pipe. The first hydraulic cylinder is used to apply a third-direction thrust to the drill pipe, and the servo linear actuator is used to alternately apply a third-direction thrust and a fourth-direction pull to the drill pipe, wherein the third-direction and the fourth-direction are opposite.

2. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The temperature control assembly includes a heating element for heating the core sample in the core cavity, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the core sample, and a controller electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the heating element, wherein the heating element and the temperature sensor are disposed on the confining pressure loading assembly.

3. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The confining pressure loading component includes: Multiple pressure plates, together forming the core cavity; At least three second hydraulic cylinders are configured to apply pressure to at least three mutually perpendicular pressure plates in three mutually perpendicular directions.

4. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling fluid circulation assembly also includes: A mud tank, connected between the drilling fluid inlet and the drilling fluid outlet, is used to contain drilling fluid; A desander, connected between the drilling fluid inlet and the drilling fluid outlet, is used to remove solid impurities from the drilling fluid.

5. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Fixed bracket; A movable bracket is axially movable on the fixed bracket, and the first hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic rotary motor are mounted on the movable bracket; The third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fixed bracket and the movable bracket, and is used to drive the movable bracket to move up and down along the axial direction; A locking device, connected to the movable bracket, is used to releasably lock the movable bracket to the fixed bracket.

6. The experimental apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed bracket includes a plurality of support columns, each of which is arranged along the axial direction; The movable bracket includes a plurality of support platforms spaced apart and connected sequentially along the axial direction, each of the support columns passing through the plurality of support platforms, and at least one of the support platforms being connected to at least one of the support columns via the locking device.

7. The experimental apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixed bracket includes a base, and a plurality of the support columns are fixed on the base. The base is provided with a plurality of parallel and spaced guide rails, and the confining pressure loading assembly is provided with a track that cooperates with the guide rails.

8. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The data acquisition component includes a displacement sensor located in the first hydraulic cylinder, a magnetostrictive displacement sensor located on the servo linear actuator, a pressure sensor connected to the servo linear actuator, a torsion angle measuring instrument connected to the drill rod and located between the hydraulic rotary motor and the hydraulic oscillating motor, and a torque sensor and a speed sensor respectively used to measure the torque and speed of the drill rod.

9. The experimental apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The servo controller is configured to receive measurement data acquired by the data acquisition component and to receive user instructions, and to issue control signals based on the measurement data and the user instructions. A constant pressure servo pump station is configured to receive the control signal and control the first hydraulic cylinder, the servo linear actuator, and the hydraulic swing motor according to the control signal. The constant pressure servo pump station is electrically connected to the hydraulic rotary motor to control the rotation of the hydraulic rotary motor.

10. The experimental apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: The terminal device is communicatively connected to the confining pressure loading component, the drilling fluid circulation component, the data acquisition component, and the servo controller.

Images