Composite columnar buoy

Abstract

The application discloses a composite columnar buoy, which comprises a marker system and a mooring system, the marker system comprises a mooring plate component, an underwater connecting component, a main float component, an overwater connecting component and a top observation platform, the mooring plate component is connected with the mooring system, the underwater connecting component, the main float component, the overwater connecting component and the top observation platform are sequentially arranged from bottom to top above the mooring plate component, the mooring system comprises a torsion-resistant steel cable and a gravity anchor component, one end of the torsion-resistant steel cable is connected with the mooring plate component, the other end of the torsion-resistant steel cable is connected with the gravity anchor component, the gravity anchor component is uniformly provided with vertical flow guide holes, and an anchoring position rod is arranged at the bottom center of the gravity anchor component. The buoy has small motion response and high observation precision; the height of ocean observation or communication is broken through to be above 20 meters above the water surface; and the cost of the ocean observation marker or the observation cost of a large height is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of buoy technology, and in particular to a composite cylindrical buoy. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, integrated marine atmospheric and underwater profiling observations are mainly applied in nearshore areas, with observation buoys characterized by disc-shaped bodies and chain mooring. For disc-shaped buoys, the atmospheric observation altitude is related to the buoy diameter. As the observation altitude increases from over two meters to less than fifteen meters, the buoy diameter increases from three meters to fifteen meters, and the cost of the buoy increases from hundreds of thousands to millions of yuan. Higher atmospheric observation altitudes lead to a sharp increase in buoy costs, and atmospheric observations above twenty meters have not yet been achieved. Disc-shaped buoys mainly achieve underwater profiling observations through underwater winches or inductive coupling communication via plastic-coated steel cables. The mechanisms of underwater winches or inductive coupling methods are relatively complex, with high failure rates and high observation costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a composite cylindrical buoy.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a composite cylindrical buoy, including a buoy body system and a mooring system. The buoy body system includes a mooring plate component, an underwater connecting component, a main float component, a surface connecting component, and a top observation platform. The mooring plate component is connected to the mooring system. The underwater connecting component, the main float component, the surface connecting component, and the top observation platform are arranged sequentially from bottom to top above the mooring plate component. The mooring system includes an anti-torsion steel cable and a gravity anchor component. One end of the anti-torsion steel cable is connected to the mooring plate component, and the other end is connected to the gravity anchor component. The gravity anchor component is uniformly provided with vertical flow guide holes, and an anchor positioning rod is provided at the center of the bottom of the gravity anchor component.

[0005] The aforementioned composite cylindrical buoy system further includes a sway-stopping plate component, a battery compartment component, and a surface connection component. The sway-stopping plate component is located on the outer side of the mooring plate component, and the battery compartment component is located above the main buoy component. The main buoy component and the surface connection component are connected through the surface connection component.

[0006] The aforementioned composite cylindrical buoy includes an underwater connecting component comprising one or more underwater pipes, with adjacent underwater pipes fixedly connected, and an above-water connecting component comprising one or more above-water pipes, with adjacent above-water pipes fixedly connected.

[0007] The aforementioned composite cylindrical buoy, wherein the main float component includes a main float body, annular pressure plates at the top and bottom of the main float body, and the main float body is composed of upper and lower conical parts.

[0008] The aforementioned composite cylindrical buoy has a straight ladder step on the north-facing outer surface of the water-based connecting component, and solar panels installed in the southeast, south, and southwest directions. The top of the water-based connecting component is equipped with control equipment and a pressure-resistant, watertight installation and maintenance channel.

[0009] The aforementioned composite cylindrical buoy includes a mooring board component comprising a mooring main board, an anti-torsion buckle, and an anti-torsion pressure plate. One end of the anti-torsion steel cable is clamped in the anti-torsion buckle slot and fixedly mounted on the anti-torsion shaft of the mooring main board by the anti-torsion pressure plate. The mooring main board is inserted into the lower end slot of the underwater connecting component.

[0010] The aforementioned composite cylindrical buoy includes a torsion-resistant steel cable comprising cable buckles at both ends and a cable. The cable is made of three or more layers of evenly distributed multi-strand steel wire rope twisted together, with adjacent layers twisted in opposite directions to evenly distribute radial force.

[0011] In the aforementioned composite cylindrical buoy, the underwater connecting components, mooring plate components, and mooring system are all made of high-density structural materials, the above-water connecting components and the top observation platform are all made of low-density structural materials, and the main buoy components are made of lightweight and pressure-resistant materials.

[0012] In the aforementioned composite cylindrical buoy, the main buoy component and the surface connection component are both watertight structures, and the surface connection component is either a watertight structure or a truss structure.

[0013] In the aforementioned composite cylindrical buoy, the depth of the main buoy component is greater than half the wavelength of the main wave and the design wave in the sea area to be observed, and the cone angle of the main buoy component is determined by the current velocity in the sea area to be observed.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are that the buoy has a small motion response; under the same marine environmental load and displacement, the buoy's swaying, heave, and other motion responses are far smaller than those of conventional buoys, reducing the impact of buoy motion on marine observation data and improving the accuracy of the observation data; the altitude for marine observation or communication exceeds 20 meters above the water surface; and the cost of marine observation buoys or observations at greater altitudes is reduced. The buoy of this invention has advantages such as all-weather monitoring of marine stations, low marine environmental load, large restoring moment, small motion response, and low cost. It can be used in fields such as fixed-depth stratified underwater profiling, fixed-height stratified atmospheric profiling, and marine mobile communication base stations, improving my country's marine observation and communication technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the standard body system of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mooring board assembly of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gravity anchor component of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a front view of the gravity anchor component of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the standard body system of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0023] Figure 8 This invention Figure 6 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0024] The diagram shows: 1. Mooring plate component, 2. Anti-sway plate component, 3. Underwater connection component, 31. Underwater first pipe, 32. Underwater second pipe, 4. Main buoy component, 5. Battery compartment component, 6. Surface connection component, 7. Above-water connection component, 71. Above-water first pipe, 72. Above-water second pipe, 8. Top observation platform, 9. Anti-torsion steel cable, 10. Gravity anchor component, 101. Lifting / anti-sway lug, 102. Deploying lug, 103. Anchor positioning rod, 104. Vertical guide hole, 11. Anti-torsion pressure plate, 12. Anti-torsion buckle, 13. Mooring main plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1 , 6 As shown in Figure 7, this embodiment discloses a composite cylindrical buoy, including a buoy body system and a mooring system. The buoy body system is as follows: Figure 2As shown, the system includes a mooring plate component 1, a sway-stopping plate component 2, an underwater connecting component 3, a main buoy component 4, a battery compartment component 5, a surface connecting component 6, an above-water connecting component 7, and a top observation platform 8. The mooring plate component 1 is connected to the mooring system. A sway-stopping plate component is provided on the edge of the mooring plate component. The underwater connecting component 3, the main buoy component 4, the battery compartment component 5, the surface connecting component 6, the above-water connecting component 7, and the top observation platform 8 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top on the mooring plate component. The mooring system includes an anti-torsion steel cable 9 and a gravity anchor component 10. One end of the anti-torsion steel cable 9 is connected to the mooring plate component 1, and the other end is connected to the gravity anchor component 10. The gravity anchor component 10 is evenly provided with vertical flow guide holes 104, and an anchor positioning rod 103 is provided at the center of the bottom of the gravity anchor component 10.

[0027] The underwater connection component includes one or more underwater pipes, with adjacent underwater pipes fixedly connected. The above-water connection component includes one or more above-water pipes, with adjacent above-water pipes fixedly connected. In this embodiment, the underwater connection component includes an underwater first pipe 31 and an underwater second pipe 32, with the underwater first pipe 31 and the underwater second pipe 32 fixedly connected. The above-water connection component includes an above-water first pipe 71 and an above-water second pipe 72, with the above-water first pipe 71 and the above-water second pipe 72 fixedly connected.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the mooring board component includes a mooring main board 13, an anti-torsion buckle 12, and an anti-torsion pressure plate 11. One end of the anti-torsion steel cable is clamped in the anti-torsion buckle slot and fixedly installed on the anti-torsion shaft of the mooring main board by the anti-torsion pressure plate. The mooring main board is inserted into the slot at the lower end of the underwater connection component.

[0029] The anti-sloshing plate component is a planar plate frame welded structure, with a vertical projection that is polygonal or circular. The anti-sloshing plate component is welded to the lower end of the underwater connecting component.

[0030] The underwater connection component consists of one or more cylindrical tubes, which are polygonal or annular shell structures. The vertical tubes are connected by bolts or welding. The underwater connection component can be used to mount fixed-depth stratified underwater profiling equipment. The underwater connection component is connected or welded to the lower end of the battery compartment.

[0031] The battery compartment is a polygonal or annular pressure-resistant watertight shell structure, housing multiple sets of batteries and equipped with pressure-resistant watertight installation and maintenance channels, vent pipes, and cable penetration components. The battery compartment component is connected or welded to the lower end of the water surface connection component.

[0032] The main float component includes the main float, long connecting rod bolts, and an annular pressure plate at the bottom of the main float. The main float is a pressure-resistant homogeneous structure consisting of two interlocking cones. The main float is fastened to the upper outer side plate frame of the battery compartment component by the annular pressure plate and long connecting rod bolts.

[0033] The surface connection component consists of a cylindrical tube with a polygonal or annular shell structure. Straight ladder steps are welded and installed on the tube, starting from near the low tide line and moving upwards in a northward direction. The surface connection component is connected to or welded to the lower end of the above-water connection component.

[0034] The underwater connection component consists of one or more cylindrical tubes, with a structure as follows: Figure 7-8 As shown, the pipe is a polygonal or annular shell structure. Alternatively, the surface connection component is a truss structure connected by profiles. Continuous with the surface connection component, a straight ladder is welded and installed facing north; solar panels are installed facing southeast, south, and southwest. Control equipment is arranged inside the top of the surface connection component, and a pressure-resistant, watertight installation and maintenance passage is provided. Fixed-height stratified atmospheric profile observation equipment can be installed on the surface connection component. A top observation platform component is welded and installed on the top of the surface connection component.

[0035] The top observation platform is a plate or truss structure with a polygonal or circular vertical projection. Lightning rods, radar reflectors, and other equipment can be installed in the upper center, while observation equipment can be installed around the perimeter.

[0036] The anti-torsion cable comprises cable buckles at both ends and the cable between the buckles. The cable is made of three or more layers of evenly distributed multi-strand steel wire rope twisted together, with adjacent layers twisted in opposite directions to evenly distribute radial force. This results in an anti-torsion cable with torsional strength comparable to its breaking strength, and it can be bent. The upper cable buckle of the anti-torsion cable is secured within the anti-torsion clamp of the mooring plate component, and the lower cable buckle is secured within the anti-torsion clamp of the gravity anchor component.

[0037] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the gravity anchor component is uniformly equipped with vertical guide holes 104, lifting / sway-stopping lugs 101, and deployment lugs 102. A mooring plate component is located at the top center, and an anchor positioning rod 103 is located at the bottom center. The direction of the gravity anchor can be adjusted by deploying the lugs, and the direction of the solar panel can be adjusted to south by using the anti-torsion steel cable, mooring plate component, and buoy body.

[0038] Methods to further improve the stability of the buoy in the marine environment:

[0039] (1) Material of the float body: The structure below the main float body component adopts high-density structural materials, such as marine steel; the structure above the main float body component adopts low-density structural materials, such as marine engineering aluminum; the main float body adopts lightweight pressure-resistant materials, such as EVA or glass microspheres.

[0040] (2) Target body tightness: The structure below the main float body is non-watertight, the main float body and the water surface connection parts are watertight, and the water surface connection parts are watertight or truss structures.

[0041] (3) Main parameters of the buoy: the depth d1 of the main buoy should be greater than half the wavelength of the main wave and the design wave in the sea area; the length d2 of the underwater buoy should be equivalent to the observation height h above the water surface; the outer dimension D1 of the connecting parts should be determined by the strength calculation of the buoy and minimized as much as possible; the outer dimension D2 of the anti-sloshing plate should be equivalent to the outer dimension D3 of the main buoy; the cone angle φ1 of the main buoy should be determined by the ocean current velocity, generally 30°≤φ1≤90°; the buoy should provide buoyancy greater than the weight of the buoy; the gravity anchor should be tensioned and moored and provide restoring force.

[0042] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within its spirit and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite cylindrical buoy, characterized by: The application relates to a buoy system and a mooring system, wherein the buoy system comprises a mooring plate component, an underwater connecting component, a main floating body component, an overwater connecting component and a top observation platform; the mooring plate component is connected with the mooring system; the underwater connecting component, the main floating body component, the overwater connecting component and the top observation platform are sequentially arranged on the mooring plate component from bottom to top; the mooring system comprises a torsion-resistant steel cable and a gravity anchor component; one end of the torsion-resistant steel cable is connected with the mooring plate component, and the other end is connected with the gravity anchor component; the gravity anchor component is uniformly provided with vertical guide holes; and the bottom center of the gravity anchor component is provided with an anchor positioning rod. The buoy system further comprises a damping plate component, a battery compartment component and a water surface connecting component; the mooring plate component is provided with the damping plate component outside; the main floating body component is provided with the battery compartment component above; and the main floating body component is connected with the overwater connecting component through the water surface connecting component. The mooring plate component comprises a mooring main plate, a torsion-resistant pressing buckle and a torsion-resistant pressing plate; one end of the torsion-resistant steel cable is clamped in a clamping groove of the torsion-resistant pressing buckle and is fixedly installed on a torsion-resistant shaft of the mooring main plate through the torsion-resistant pressing plate; and the mooring main plate is inserted into a slot at the lower end of the underwater connecting component. Main parameters of the buoy: the depth d1 of the main floating body is greater than half of the wavelength of main waves and design waves in the sea area; the length d2 of the underwater buoy is equivalent to the observation height h above the water surface; the outer dimension D1 of the connecting component is determined by buoy strength calculation and is as small as possible; the outer dimension D2 of the damping plate component is equivalent to the outer dimension D3 of the main floating body component; the taper angle phi1 of the main floating body is determined by the flow velocity of the sea current, and 30 DEG <= phi1 <= 90 DEG; the buoy provides buoyancy greater than the gravity of the buoy; the gravity anchor is tensioned and moored and provides a restoring force.

2. A composite columnar buoy according to claim 1, wherein The underwater connecting component comprises one or more underwater pipes which are fixedly connected between adjacent underwater pipes; and the overwater connecting component comprises one or more overwater pipes which are fixedly connected between adjacent overwater pipes.

3. A composite cylindrical buoy according to claim 1, wherein The main floating body component comprises a main floating body, annular pressing plates at the top and bottom of the main floating body, and the main floating body is composed of upper and lower two conical bodies.

4. A composite cylindrical buoy according to claim 1, wherein The outer surface of the overwater connecting component is provided with straight ladder steps in the north direction, and solar cell panels are installed in the southeast direction, the south direction and the southwest direction; the top of the overwater connecting component is internally provided with control equipment and is internally provided with a pressure-resistant watertight installation and maintenance channel.

5. A composite columnar buoy according to claim 1, wherein The torsion-resistant steel cable comprises cable buckles at two ends and a cable, the cable is twisted from more than three layers of uniformly distributed steel wire ropes, the twisting directions of adjacent layers are opposite, and radial forces are uniformly distributed.

6. A composite cylindrical buoy according to claim 1, wherein The underwater connecting component, the mooring plate component and the mooring system are made of high-density structural materials; the overwater connecting component and the top observation platform are made of low-density structural materials; and the main floating body component is made of light pressure-resistant materials.

7. A composite cylindrical buoy according to claim 1, wherein The main floating body component and the water surface connecting component are watertight structures; and the overwater connecting component is a watertight structure or a truss structure.

8. A composite cylindrical buoy according to claim 1, wherein The depth of the main floating body component is greater than half of the wavelength of main waves and design waves in the sea area to be observed; and the taper angle of the main floating body component is determined by the flow velocity of the sea current in the sea area to be observed.

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