Lighting

Abstract

A lighting device is provided. The lighting device comprises a luminescent material, wherein the luminescent material has a chemical formula (MA): a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC) m (XD) n :E. Here, MA is selected from monovalent metals, MB is selected from divalent metals, MC is selected from trivalent metals, MD is selected from tetravalent metals, TA is selected from monovalent metals, TB is selected from divalent metals, TC is selected from trivalent metals, TD is selected from tetravalent metals, TE is selected from pentavalent elements, TF is selected from hexavalent elements, XA is selected from elements including halogens, XB is selected from the following elements, the elements include O, S and combinations thereof, XC=N and XD=C and E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn. Also applicable: a+b+c+d=t;e+f+g+h+i+j=u;k+l+m+n=v;a+2b+3c+4d+e+2f+3g+4h+5i+6j‑k‑2l‑3m‑4n=w;0.8≤t≤1;‑3.5≤u≤4;3.5≤v≤4;(‑0.2)≤w≤0.2 and 0≤m<0.875v and / or v≥l>0.125v.

Description

[0001] This invention application is a divisional application of the invention patent application with application date of August 10, 2017, application number “201780049593.2” and invention name “Lighting Equipment”. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to an illumination device, in particular to a conversion light emitting diode (conversion LED).

[0003] This patent application claims the priority of German patent applications 10 2016 114 996.9 and 10 2016 121 694.1, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Art

[0004] Luminescent materials that can be effectively excited by ultraviolet, blue or green primary radiation and have effective emission in the blue, green, yellow, red or deep red spectral range are of the greatest interest for the manufacture of white and colored conversion LEDs. Conversion LEDs are used in many applications in automobiles, such as for general lighting, display backlighting, high-end nameplates, display panels and in numerous other consumer products. Conversion LEDs for display elements, i.e., for example, backlighting of displays, are strongly different from conversion LEDs for general lighting. The requirements for conversion LEDs for general lighting are particularly high light output with high efficiency, high color reproduction coefficient and color temperature below 3500K. For conversion LEDs for backlighting of display elements, luminescent materials with narrowband emission in the blue, green and red spectral ranges are particularly required to cover as wide a color space as possible. In addition, there is a great demand for colored conversion LEDs that reproduce colors that match consumer expectations (so-called "on-demand color" applications).

[0005] Until now, white-emitting conversion LEDs for general lighting and backlighting have used semiconductor chips emitting blue primary radiation and red and green luminescent materials. A disadvantage of this solution is that epitaxially grown semiconductor chips, for example based on GaN or InGaN, can have fluctuations in the peak wavelength of the emitted primary radiation. This leads to fluctuations in the total radiation of the white color, such as changes in the color position and color reproduction, since the primary radiation contributes to the blue portion of the total radiation. This is particularly problematic when a plurality of semiconductor chips are used in a device.

[0006] To prevent fluctuations, the semiconductor chips are binned according to their color position ("binning"). The narrower the tolerance setting with respect to the wavelength of the emitted primary radiation, the higher the quality of the conversion LED, which is composed of more than one semiconductor chip. However, even after binning with narrow tolerances, the peak wavelength of the semiconductor chips can also vary significantly at varying operating temperatures and on-state currents. In general lighting applications and other applications, this can lead to changes in optical properties such as color position and color temperature.

[0007] In the backlighting of display elements, such as displays in televisions, computer monitors, tablet computers and smartphones, manufacturers strive to reproduce colors vividly and realistically, because this is very attractive to consumers. Therefore, light sources with very narrow-band emission, i.e. small half-value width, in the green, blue and red spectral ranges are required for the backlighting of display elements in order to cover as wide a color space as possible. Semiconductor chips that emit blue are mainly combined with luminescent materials with peak wavelengths in the green spectral range and luminescent materials with peak wavelengths in the red spectral range as light sources for backlighting applications.

[0008] Conversion LEDs for backlighting are usually made of, for example, yttrium aluminum garnet, lutetium aluminum garnet or β-SiAlON (Si 6-z Al z O z N 8-z :RE or Si 6-x Al z O y N 8-y :RE, where RE=rare earth metal) as a green luminescent material. Of course, yttrium aluminum garnet has an emission peak with a large half-value width, so that the achievable color space is limited by significant filter losses and the efficiency is also reduced. β-SiAlON has a half-value width below 60nm and has a narrow-band emission in the green spectral range, which causes a more saturated green reduction than with the help of garnet luminescent materials. However, β-SiAlON lacks good internal and external quantum efficiency, which makes the entire backlighting less efficient. In addition, the production of this luminescent material requires very high temperatures and expensive equipment. As a result, the luminescent material is very expensive in its production, and thus it is also very expensive to produce conversion LEDs using this luminescent material.

[0009] Quantum dots are also used to convert primary radiation for backlighting applications due to their very narrowband emission. Of course, quantum dots are very unstable. In addition, most commercially available quantum dots contain harmful elements such as Hg or Cd, the concentration of which is restricted in commercial electrical and electronic equipment by the regulations of RoHS (restriction of hazardous substances, "reduction of hazardous substances", EU Directive 2011 / 65 / EU).

[0010] Known blue-green to green phosphors for conversion LEDs are, for example, the phosphor Ca 8 Mg(SiO 4 ) 4 Cl 2 :Eu、(Sr,Ba) 2 SiO 4 :Eu and Lu 3 (Al,Ga) 5 O 12 :Ce. Of course, conversion LEDs with these luminescent materials have insufficient color purity and are not able to achieve specific color positions, so that they are not considered for many "color on demand" applications. Summary of the invention

[0011] The object of the present invention is to specify a lighting device, in particular a conversion LED, which is improved compared to the prior art and which can be used in particular for general lighting, backlighting and “color on demand” applications.

[0012] The above object is achieved by the lighting device according to the present invention. Advantageous embodiments and improvements of the present invention are respectively described in the following description.

[0013] A luminescent material is proposed. The luminescent material has a general chemical formula:

[0014] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC) m (XD) n .

[0015] Here, MA is selected from monovalent metals, MB is selected from divalent metals, MC is selected from trivalent metals, MD is selected from tetravalent metals, TA is selected from monovalent metals, TB is selected from divalent metals, TC is selected from trivalent metals, TD is selected from tetravalent metals, TE is selected from pentavalent elements, TF is selected from hexavalent elements, XA is selected from elements including halogens, XB is selected from the following elements, the elements including O, S and combinations thereof, XC=N and XD=C. It also applies:

[0016] -a+b+c+d=t;

[0017] -e+f+g+h+i+j=u

[0018] -k+l+m+n=v

[0019] -a+2b+3c+4d+e+2f+3g+4h+5i+6j-k-2l-3m-4n=w;

[0020] -0.8≤t≤1

[0021] -3.5≤u≤4

[0022] -3.5≤v≤4

[0023] -(-0.2)≤w≤0.2.

[0024] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material comprises at least Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn in its chemical formula. Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn serve as activators for the luminescent material, which is responsible for emitting radiation. Thus, the luminescent material can in particular have the following formula:

[0025] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC) m (XD) n :E, wherein E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn.

[0026] Here and below, the phosphor is described according to a chemical formula. In the indicated chemical formula, it is possible that the phosphor contains other elements, for example in the form of impurities, wherein these impurities should preferably have a weight fraction of at most 1 / 1000 or 100 ppm (parts per million) or 10 ppm of the phosphor.

[0027] According to at least one embodiment, for a compound having the general chemical formula

[0028] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f( TC) g( TD) h( TE) i( TF) j( XA) k( XB) l( XC) m( XD) n or

[0029] (MA )a (MB )b (MC )c (MD )d (TA )e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC) m (XD) n The luminescent material of :E is applicable to: 0≤m<0.875v and / or v≥l>0.125v.

[0030] A lighting device is provided, the lighting device comprising a luminescent material. The luminescent material has the following general chemical formula:

[0031] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC)m (XD) n ,

[0032] in

[0033] -MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0034] MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni, Fe, Co and combinations thereof,

[0035] -MC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising Y, Fe, Cr, Sc, In, rare earth metals and combinations thereof,

[0036] - MD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Zr, Hf, Mn, Ce and combinations thereof,

[0037] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0038] - TB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni and combinations thereof,

[0039] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga, In, Y, Fe, Cr, Sc, rare earth metals and combinations thereof,

[0040] - TD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ce and combinations thereof,

[0041] -TE is selected from pentavalent elements, the pentavalent elements comprising P, Ta, Nb, V and combinations thereof,

[0042] - TF is selected from hexavalent elements, the hexavalent elements comprising W, Mo and combinations thereof,

[0043] -XA is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and combinations thereof,

[0044] -XB is selected from the following elements, the elements including O, S and combinations thereof,

[0045] -XC=N,

[0046] -XD=C,

[0047] -a+b+c+d=t

[0048] -e+f+g+h+i+j=u

[0049] -k+l+m+n=v

[0050] -a+2b+3c+4d+e+2f+3g+4h+5i+6j-k-2l-3m-4n=w

[0051] -0.8≤t≤1

[0052] -3.5≤u≤4

[0053] -3.5≤v≤4

[0054] -(-0.2)≤w≤0.2 and

[0055] 0≤m<0.875v and / or v≥l>0.125v. The luminescent material contains at least Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn in its chemical formula and has the chemical formula

[0056] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC) m (XD) n :E, wherein E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn.

[0057] The allocation of elements to MA, MB, MC, MD, TA, TB, TC, TD, TE, TF is based in particular on their arrangement within the crystal structure of the luminescent material. In particular, within the crystal structure, TA, TB, TC, TD, TE and / or TF are surrounded by XA, XB, XC and / or XD and the resulting structural units are joined via common corners and edges. The corners and edges of the structural units are joined to form, in particular, cavities or channels in which MA, MB, MC and / or MD are arranged. Due to this allocation, it is possible that the possible elements intersect in MA, MB, MC, MD, TA, TB, TC, TD, TE and TF.

[0058] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the following general chemical formula:

[0059] (MA) a (MB) b (TA)e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (XC) m (XB) l ,

[0060] in

[0061] -MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0062] MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni, Fe, Co and combinations thereof,

[0063] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0064] - TB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni and combinations thereof,

[0065] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga, In, Y, Fe, Cr, Sc, rare earth metals and combinations thereof,

[0066] - TD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ce and combinations thereof,

[0067] -XB is selected from the following elements, the elements including O, S and combinations thereof,

[0068] -XC=N

[0069] -a+b=t

[0070] -e+f+g+h=u

[0071] -l+m=v

[0072] -a+2b+e+2f+3g+4h-2l-3m=w

[0073] -0.8≤t≤1

[0074] -3.5≤u≤4

[0075] -3.5≤v≤4

[0076] -(-0.2)≤w≤0.2 and

[0077] 0≤m<0.875v and / or v≥l>0.125v. The luminescent material contains at least Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn in its chemical formula and has the chemical formula

[0078] (MA) a (MB) b (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (XC) m (XB) l :E, wherein E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn. Preferably:

[0079] -MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and combinations thereof,

[0080] -MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu and combinations thereof,

[0081] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0082] -TB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals include Eu,

[0083] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga, In and combinations thereof,

[0084] -TD is selected from tetravalent metals including Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti and combinations thereof,

[0085] -XB=O.

[0086] In one embodiment, the lighting device is a converted light emitting diode.

[0087] A conversion type light emitting diode (conversion type LED) is provided. The conversion type light emitting diode (conversion type LED) comprises a chemical formula

[0088] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB)l (XC) m (XD) n of luminous material.

[0089] Here, MA is selected from monovalent metals, MB is selected from divalent metals, MC is selected from trivalent metals, MD is selected from tetravalent metals, TA is selected from monovalent metals, TB is selected from divalent metals, TC is selected from trivalent metals, TD is selected from tetravalent metals, TE is selected from pentavalent elements, TF is selected from hexavalent elements, XA is selected from elements including halogens, XB is selected from the following elements, the elements including O, S and combinations thereof, XC=N and XD=C. It also applies:

[0090] -a+b+c+d=t;

[0091] -e+f+g+h+i+j=u

[0092] -k+l+m+n=v

[0093] -a+2b+3c+4d+e+2f+3g+4h+5i+6j-k-2l-3m-4n=w;

[0094] -0.8≤t≤1

[0095] -3.5≤u≤4

[0096] -3.5≤v≤4

[0097] -(-0.2)≤w≤0.2. The luminescent material contains at least Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn in its chemical formula and has the chemical formula

[0098] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC) m (XD) n :E, where E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn. The luminescent material is arranged in particular in the conversion element.

[0099] According to one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, comprises a primary radiation source, which is designed to emit primary electromagnetic radiation. The lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, further comprises a conversion element, which is arranged in the beam path of the primary electromagnetic radiation. The conversion element comprises a luminescent material, which is designed to at least partially convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation during operation of the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED. The luminescent material has in particular the following chemical formula:

[0100] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC) m (XD) n ,

[0101] in

[0102] -MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0103] MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni, Fe, Co and combinations thereof,

[0104] -MC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising Y, Fe, Cr, Sc, In, rare earth metals and combinations thereof,

[0105] - MD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Zr, Hf, Mn, Ce and combinations thereof,

[0106] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0107] - TB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni and combinations thereof,

[0108] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga, In, Y, Fe, Cr, Sc, rare earth metals and combinations thereof,

[0109] - TD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ce and combinations thereof,

[0110] -TE is selected from pentavalent elements, the pentavalent elements comprising P, Ta, Nb, V and combinations thereof,

[0111] - TF is selected from hexavalent elements, the hexavalent elements comprising W, Mo and combinations thereof,

[0112] -XA is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and combinations thereof,

[0113] -XB is selected from the following elements, the elements including O, S and combinations thereof,

[0114] -XC=N,

[0115] -XD=C,

[0116] -a+b+c+d=t

[0117] -e+f+g+h+i+j=u

[0118] -k+l+m+n=v

[0119] -a+2b+3c+4d+e+2f+3g+4h+5i+6j-k-2l-3m-4n=w

[0120] -0.8≤t≤1

[0121] -3.5≤u≤4

[0122] -3.5≤v≤4

[0123] -(-0.2)≤w≤0.2 and

[0124] 0≤m<0.875v and / or v≥l>0.125v. The luminescent material contains at least Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn in its chemical formula and has the chemical formula

[0125] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC) m(XD) n :E, wherein E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn.

[0126] 0≤m<0.875v and / or v≥l>0.125v means that, based on the total mass v of XA, XB, XC and XD, the molar fraction of XC, i.e., nitrogen, in the luminescent material is less than 87.5 mol % and / or, based on the total mass v of XA, XB, XC and XD, the molar fraction of XB, i.e., oxygen and / or sulfur in the luminescent material is greater than 12.5 mol %.

[0127] The luminescent material at least partially converts the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation, which can mean, on the one hand, that the primary electromagnetic radiation is partially absorbed by the luminescent material and emitted as secondary radiation having a wavelength range that is at least partially different from the primary radiation, in particular longer. In this so-called partial conversion, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, in particular emits total radiation, which is composed of primary radiation and secondary radiation. It is therefore possible that the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, emits mixed radiation composed of primary radiation and secondary radiation.

[0128] The luminescent material at least partially converts the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation, which can also mean that the primary electromagnetic radiation is almost completely absorbed by the luminescent material and emitted in the form of secondary electromagnetic radiation. This can also be called complete conversion. Therefore, the emitted radiation or total radiation of the lighting device according to this embodiment, especially the conversion LED, corresponds almost completely to the secondary electromagnetic radiation. Almost complete conversion should be understood as a conversion of more than 90%, especially more than 95%. It is therefore possible that the lighting device, especially the conversion LED, mainly emits secondary radiation.

[0129] In accordance with at least one embodiment, the primary electromagnetic radiation is a layer sequence having an active layer which is designed to emit the primary electromagnetic radiation during operation of the lighting device.

[0130] In this context, a “layer sequence” is to be understood as a layer sequence comprising more than one layer, for example a sequence of p-doped and n-doped semiconductor layers, wherein the layers are arranged one above the other and contain at least one active layer which emits primary electromagnetic radiation.

[0131] The layer sequence can be formed as an epitaxial layer sequence or as a radiation-emitting semiconductor chip having an epitaxial layer sequence, i.e. an epitaxially grown semiconductor layer sequence. In this case, the layer sequence can be formed, for example, on the basis of InGaAlN. Semiconductor chips and semiconductor layer sequences based on InGaAlN are in particular as follows: wherein the epitaxially produced semiconductor layer sequence has a layer sequence composed of different individual layers, the layer sequence comprising at least one individual layer having a semiconductor material system of the group III-group V InGaAlN. x Aly Ga 1-x-y N, where 0≤x≤1, 0≤y≤1 and x+y≤1. The semiconductor layer sequence can emit electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet to blue wavelength range, for example, and comprises at least one active layer based on InGaAlN.

[0132] In addition to the active layer, the active semiconductor layer sequence can include other functional layers and functional regions, such as p-doped or n-doped charge transport layers, i.e. electron transport layers or hole transport layers, undoped or p-doped or n-doped confinement layers, cladding layers or waveguide layers, barrier layers, planarization layers, buffer layers, protective layers and / or electrodes and combinations thereof. In addition, one or more mirror layers can be applied, for example, on the side of the semiconductor layer sequence facing away from the growth substrate. The structures described here with respect to the active layer or other functional layers and regions are known to those skilled in the art, especially in terms of construction, function and structure, and therefore will not be explained in more detail at this point.

[0133] In one embodiment, the emitted primary radiation of the primary radiation source or the emitted primary radiation of the active layer of the layer sequence is in the near ultraviolet range to the blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum. In the near ultraviolet range, it can be meant that the emitted primary radiation has a wavelength between 300 nm and 420 nm inclusive. In the blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum, it can be meant that the emitted primary radiation has a wavelength between 420 nm and 500 nm, preferably up to 460 nm inclusive.

[0134] In one embodiment, the active layer of the layer sequence emits primary electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength between 300 nm and 500 nm or between 300 nm and 460 nm inclusive, preferably between 300 nm or 330 nm and 450 nm or 440 nm or 430 nm, limit values ​​included, during operation of the lighting device.

[0135] In accordance with at least one embodiment, the primary radiation source or the layer sequence has a radiation exit area, above which the conversion element is arranged.

[0136] Here, a layer or an element is arranged or applied "on another layer or another element" or "over another layer or another element" here and below can mean that this layer or this element is closely arranged on another layer or another element in direct mechanical contact and / or electrical contact. It can also mean that this layer or this element is indirectly arranged on another layer or another element or over another layer or another element. Thus, other layers and / or elements can be arranged between this layer or another layer or between this element or another element.

[0137] Here, the radiation exit surface is a main surface of the primary radiation source or the layer sequence. The radiation exit surface extends in particular parallel to a main extension plane of the semiconductor layers of the layer sequence. For example, at least 75% or 90% of the primary radiation leaving the layer sequence leaves the layer sequence via the radiation exit surface.

[0138] In one embodiment, the conversion element has direct mechanical contact with the primary radiation source or the layer sequence, in particular with a radiation exit area of ​​the primary radiation source or the layer sequence.

[0139] In one embodiment, the conversion element is arranged over the entire surface above the primary radiation source or the layer sequence, in particular over a radiation exit area of ​​the primary radiation source or the layer sequence.

[0140] In one embodiment, the conversion element comprises a matrix material. The luminescent material may be distributed in the matrix material, for example the luminescent material is distributed homogeneously in the matrix material.

[0141] The matrix material is transparent to the primary and secondary radiation and is selected, for example, from the following materials: glass, silicone, epoxy, polysilazane, polymethacrylate and polycarbonate and combinations thereof. Transparent is understood to mean that the matrix material is at least partially permeable to the primary and secondary radiation.

[0142] According to at least one embodiment, MA, MB, MC, MD, TA, TB, TC, TD, TE and TF are corresponding monovalent cations, divalent cations, trivalent cations, tetravalent cations, pentavalent cations or hexavalent cations. In other words, MA and TA have the +1 oxidation state, MB and TB have the +2 oxidation state, MC and TC have the +3 oxidation state, MD and TD have the +4 oxidation state, TE has the +5 oxidation state and TF has the +6 oxidation state. XA, XB, XC and XD are in particular anions of the corresponding elements. Here, XA preferably has the -1 oxidation state, XB has the -2 oxidation state, XC, i.e. N, has the -3 oxidation state and XD, i.e. C, has the -4 oxidation state.

[0143] WO 2013 / 175336 A1 describes a new family of red-emitting luminescent materials, which have an emission with a small half-value width. The luminescent materials disclosed there have a minimum of 87.5% nitrogen and a maximum of 12.5% ​​oxygen, based on the total amount of anionic elements of the luminescent material. According to WO 2013 / 175336 A1, a higher oxygen content in the luminescent material produces unstable compounds. Therefore, luminescent materials with an oxygen content of more than 12.5% ​​cannot be isolated.

[0144] The half-value width is understood here and hereinafter to be the spectral width at half the height of the maximum value of the emission peak, abbreviated to FWHM or full width at half maximum. The emission peak is understood to be the peak with maximum intensity.

[0145] Surprisingly, the inventors of the present invention have found that a relatively high oxygen and / or sulfur fraction, i.e. an oxygen and / or sulfur fraction greater than 12.5 mol % in the luminescent material, or a relatively low nitrogen fraction, i.e. a nitrogen fraction less than 87.5 mol % in the luminescent material, based on the total mass of the anionic elements, produces an extremely stable and efficient luminescent material with a high quantum efficiency. The luminescent material has a high absorption capacity in the range from the ultraviolet range to the green range, in particular between 300 nm and 500 nm or between 300 nm and 460 nm, preferably between 300 nm and 430 nm or between 300 nm and 450 nm, and can thus be effectively excited by means of primary radiation in this wavelength range. The primary radiation can be converted completely (full conversion) or partially (partial conversion) by the luminescent material into radiation of a longer wavelength, also referred to as secondary radiation.

[0146] According to at least one embodiment, preferably: 0≤m<0.75v or v≥l>0.25v, 0≤m<0.625v or v≥l>0.375v. Particularly preferred are: 0≤m<0.5v or v≥l>0.5v, 0≤m<0.375v or v≥l>0.625v, 0≤m<0.25v or v≥l>0.7v, 0≤m<0.125v or v≥l>0.875v or m=0 or 1=v.

[0147] The inventors have found that: as the oxygen content and / or sulfur content increases or as the nitrogen content decreases, the peak wavelength of the luminescent material surprisingly shifts toward a shorter wavelength and also produces a very stable luminescent material. Thus, it is advantageously feasible to adjust the desired peak wavelength of the luminescent material accordingly by changing the oxygen content or nitrogen content. The peak wavelength and / or half-value width of the luminescent material can also be changed by combining or replacing metals or elements MA, MB, MC, MD, TA, TB, TC, TD, TE, TF, XA, XC, XD and / or XB. Therefore, it is found that the feasibility of providing the following luminescent material is found, and the luminescent material can be specifically matched to the corresponding application in terms of its characteristics, especially the peak wavelength and half-value width, and surprisingly it is still very stable here. The luminescent material can especially have a very narrow half-value width, for example less than 50nm, less than 30nm or less than 20nm, which makes the luminescent material interesting for many applications, for example for backlighting applications.

[0148] Currently, the wavelength in the emission spectrum at which the maximum intensity in the emission spectrum exists is referred to as the “peak wavelength”.

[0149] According to at least one embodiment, for a

[0150] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC) m (XD) n :E's luminous materials are suitable for:

[0151] a+b+c+d=1;

[0152] e+f+g+h+i+j=4;

[0153] k+l+m+n=4;

[0154] a+2b+3c+4d+e+2f+3g+4h+5i+6j-k-2l-3m-4n=0

[0155] And m<3.5 and / or l>0.5. Here, the luminescent material is an electrically neutral luminescent material.

[0156] According to at least one embodiment, n=0, k=0, v=4 and m<3.5 and l>0.5 apply. The luminescent material then has the following chemical formula:

[0157] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XB) l (XC) m:E. Here, MA, MB, MC, MD, TA, TB, TC, TD, TE, TF, XC and XB are defined as described above. According to this embodiment, the luminescent material has only nitrogen and oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur or nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen, preferably only nitrogen and oxygen as anions. Here, but not excluded, other anionic elements are also present in the form of impurities. Preferably, m<3.0 and l>1.0; m<2.5 and l>1.5; m<2.0 and l<2.0; m<1.5 and l>2.5; m<1.5 and l>2.5; m<1.0 and l>3.0; m<0.5 and l>3.5 or m=0 and l=4 apply.

[0158] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (MA) a (MB) b (TA) e (TD) h (XB) l (XC) m :E. In this case, preferably:

[0159] - MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof. Particularly preferably, MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and combinations thereof.

[0160] -MB is selected from divalent metals, including Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni, Fe, Co and combinations thereof. Particularly preferably, MB is selected from divalent metals, including Mn, Eu, Yb and combinations thereof. More particularly preferably, MB=Eu or a combination consisting of Eu and Mn and / or Yb,

[0161] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof. Particularly preferably, TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na and combinations thereof. More particularly preferably, TA=Li,

[0162] -TD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ce and combinations thereof. Particularly preferably, TD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti and combinations thereof. More particularly preferably, TD=Si,

[0163] -XB is selected from the following elements, the elements including O, S and combinations thereof. Particularly preferably, XB=O,

[0164] -XC=N. Also applies:

[0165] -a+b=t,

[0166] -e+h=u,

[0167] -l+m=v,

[0168] -a+2b+e+4h-2l-3m=w

[0169] -0.8≤t≤1

[0170] -3.5≤u≤4

[0171] -3.5≤v≤4

[0172] -(-0.2)≤w≤0.2

[0173] -0≤m<0.875v and / or v≥l>0.125v and

[0174] - E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu.

[0175] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (MA) a (MB) b (TA) e (TD) h (XB) l (XC) m :E. The following apply:

[0176] - MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof. Preferably, MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb and combinations thereof.

[0177] MB is selected from divalent metals including Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni, Fe, Co and combinations thereof. Preferably, it is selected from divalent metals including Mn, Eu, Yb and combinations thereof. More particularly preferably, MB=Eu or a combination of Eu and Mn and / or Yb,

[0178] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals include Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof. Preferably, TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals include Li, Na and combinations thereof. More particularly preferably, TA=Li,

[0179] -TD is selected from tetravalent metals, including Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ce and combinations thereof. Preferably, TD is selected from tetravalent metals, including Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti and combinations thereof. Particularly preferably, TD=Si,

[0180] -XB is selected from the group consisting of O, S, and combinations thereof. Preferably, XB=O.

[0181] -XC=N. Also applies:

[0182] -a+b=1;

[0183] -e+h=4;

[0184] -l+m=4;

[0185] -a+2b+e+4h-2l-3m=0 and m<3.5 and l>0.5 and

[0186] - E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu.

[0187] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula

[0188] (MA) a (MB) b (TA) e (TC) g (TD) h (XB) l (XC) m :E, where

[0189] -MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0190] MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni, Fe, Co and combinations thereof,

[0191] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0192] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga, In, Y, Fe, Cr, Sc, rare earth metals and combinations thereof,

[0193] - TD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ce and combinations thereof,

[0194] -XB is selected from the following elements, the elements including O, S and combinations thereof,

[0195] -XC=N

[0196] -a+b=t

[0197] -e+g+h=u

[0198] -l+m=v

[0199] -a+2b+e+3g+4h-2l-3m=w

[0200] -0.8≤t≤1

[0201] -3.5≤u≤4

[0202] -3.5≤v≤4

[0203] -(-0.2)≤w≤0.2 and

[0204] E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn. Preferably:

[0205] 0≤m<0.875v and / or v≥l>0.125v. According to this embodiment, the luminescent material comprises only nitrogen and oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur or nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen, preferably only nitrogen and oxygen, as anions.

[0206] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula

[0207] (MA) a (MB) b (TA) e (TC) g (TD) h (XB) l (XC) m :E, where

[0208] -MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0209] -MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu and combinations thereof,

[0210] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0211] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga and combinations thereof,

[0212] -TD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Si, Ge and combinations thereof,

[0213] -XB=O,

[0214] -XC=N

[0215] -a+b=1

[0216] -e+g+h=4

[0217] -l+m=4

[0218] -a+2b+e+3g+4h-2l-3m=0 and

[0219] - E = Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn. Preferably m<3.5 or l>0.5. In this case, the luminescent material is an electrically neutral luminescent material which contains only nitrogen and oxygen as anions.

[0220] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula

[0221] (MA) a (MB) b (TA) e (TC) g (TD) h (XB) l (XC) m :E, where

[0222] -MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K and combinations thereof,

[0223] -MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu and combinations thereof,

[0224] -TA=Li,

[0225] -TC=Al,

[0226] -TD=Si,

[0227] -XB=O,

[0228] -XC=N

[0229] -a+b=1

[0230] -e+g+h=4

[0231] -l+m=4

[0232] -a+2b+e+3g+4h-2l-3m=0 and E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu. Preferably m<3.5 or l>0.5. In this case, the luminescent material is an electrically neutral luminescent material, which contains only nitrogen and oxygen as anions. The luminescent material contains at least Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn in its chemical formula.

[0233] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material is an oxide, that is to say, only oxygen is present as anionic element in the luminescent material. The luminescent material then has one of the following general chemical formulas:

[0234] (MA) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E,

[0235] (MA) 1 (TA) 3-x (TD) 1-x (TB) x (TC) x (XB) 4 :E,

[0236] (MA) 1-x' (MB) x' (TA) 3 (TD) 1-x' (TC) x' (XB) 4 :E,

[0237] (MA) 1-x” (MB) x” (TA) 3-x” (TD) 1-x” (TB) 2x” (XB) 4 :E,

[0238] (MA) 1 (TA) 3-2z (TB) 3z (TD) 1-z (XB) 4 :E or (MA) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1-2z' (TC) z' (TE) z' (XB) 4 :E, where

[0239] XB=O,

[0240] 0≤x≤1, for example, x=0, 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9 or 1, preferably 0<x<1, for example, x=0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8 or 0.9,

[0241] 0≤x'≤1, for example, x'=0, 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9 or 1, preferably 0<x'<1, for example, x'=0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8 or 0.9,

[0242] 0≤x"≤1, for example, x"=0, 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9 or 1, preferably 0<x<1, for example, x"=0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8 or 0.9,

[0243] 0≤z≤1, for example, z=0, 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9 or 1, preferably 0<z<1, for example z=0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8 or 0.9,

[0244] 0≤z'≤0.5, preferably 0<z'<0.5, for example, z'=0, 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 or 0.4,

[0245] And E is selected from the group consisting of Eu, Ce, Yb, Mn and combinations thereof.

[0246] Here and hereinafter, E is also referred to as activator. The activator and in particular its surroundings in the host lattice are responsible for the luminescence, in particular for the peak wavelength of the emission of the luminescent material.

[0247] The metal or element MA, MB, TA, TB, TC, TD, TE and / or XB in particular forms a host lattice in the luminescent material, wherein E can partially replace the lattice positions of the cationic elements MA, MB, TA, TB, TC, TD and / or TE, or occupy an intermediate lattice position. In this case, E particularly occupies the lattice position of MA. For charge balancing, the proportions of other elements, for example the proportions of TA and / or TD, can be varied.

[0248] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material is an oxide or an oxynitride, preferably an oxynitride, and thus has only oxygen or oxygen and nitrogen as anion elements in its chemical formula. Here, the luminescent material has the following general chemical formula:

[0249] (MA) 1-y(TB) y (TA) 3-2y (TC) 3y (TD) 1-y (XB) 4-4y (XC) 4y :E,

[0250] (MA) 1-y* (MB) y* (TA) 3-2y* (TC) 3y* (TD) 1-y* (XB) 4-4y* (XC) 4y* :E,

[0251] (MA) 1 (TA) 3-y' (TC) y' (TD) 1 (XB) 4-2y' (XC) 2y' :E,

[0252] (MA) 1 (TA) 3-y” (TB) y” (TD) 1 (XB) 4-y” (XC) y” :E,

[0253] (MA) 1-w”' (MB) w”' (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4-w”' (XC) w”' :E,

[0254] (MA) 1 (TA) 3-w' (TC) 2w' (TD) 1-w' (XB) 4-w' (XC) w' :E or

[0255] (MA) 1-w” (MB) w” (TA) 3-w” (TD) 1-w” (TC) 2w” (XB) 4-2w” (XC) 2w” :E,

[0256] where

[0257] XB = O,

[0258] 0 ≤ y ≤ 1, for example, y = 0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9 or 1, preferably 0 < y < 0.875, for example y = 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7 or 0.8, more particularly preferably 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.4,

[0259] 0 < y* < 0.875 or preferably 0 < y* ≤ 0.5, particularly preferably 0 < y* ≤ 0.3, more particularly preferably 0 < y* ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ y' ≤ 2, for example, y' = 0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9; 1.0; 1.1; 1.2; 1.3; 1.4; 1.5; 1.6; 1.7; 1.8; 1.9 or 2.0, preferably 0 < y' ≤ 1.75, particularly preferably 0 ≤ y' ≤ 0.9,

[0260] 0 ≤ y” ≤ 3, for example, y” = 0, 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9; 1.0; 1.1; 1.2; 1.3; 1.4; 1.5; 1.6; 1.7; 1.8; 1.9; 2.0; 2.1; 2.2; 2.3; 2.4; 2.5; 2.6; 2.7; 2.8; 2.9 or 3.0, preferably 0 < y” < 3, particularly preferably 0 < y” ≤ 1.9, 0 ≤ w”' ≤ 1, for example, w”' = 0, 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9 or 1, preferably 0 < w”' < 1,

[0261] 0 ≤ w' ≤ 1, for example, w' = 0, 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9 or 1, preferably 0 < w' < 1,

[0262] 0 ≤ w” ≤ 1, for example, w” = 0, 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8; 0.9 or 1, preferably 0 < w” < 1 and E is selected from: Eu, Ce, Yb, Mn and combinations thereof.

[0263] According to at least one embodiment, E is selected from: Eu, Ce, Yb, Mn and combinations thereof. In particular, E is Eu 3+ 、Eu 2+ 、Ce 3+ 、Yb 3+ 、Yb 2+ and / or Mn 4+ .

[0264] The metals or elements MA, MB, TA, TB, TC, TD, XC and / or XB form a host lattice in the luminescent material, wherein E can partially replace the lattice positions of MA, MB, TA, TB, TC and / or TD, or occupy an intermediate lattice position.

[0265] By using activators Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, in particular Eu or a combination of Eu with Ce, Yb and / or Mn, the color position of the phosphor in the CIE color space, its peak wavelength λpeak or dominant wavelength λdom and half-value width can be adjusted particularly well.

[0266] The dominant wavelength is the feasibility of describing non-spectral (polychromatic) mixed light by producing spectral (monochromatic) light of similar hue perception. In the CIE color space, a line connecting the point for a particular color and the point CIE-x=0.333, CIE-y=0.333 can be extrapolated so that the line intersects the contour of the space in two points. The intersection point closer to the color represents the dominant wavelength of the color as the wavelength of the pure spectral color at that intersection point. Therefore, the dominant wavelength is the wavelength perceived by the human eye.

[0267] According to another embodiment, the mol % amount of the activator E can be between 0.1 mol % and 20 mol %, 1 mol % and 10 mol %, 0.5 mol % and 5 mol %, 2 mol % and 5 mol %. Excessively high concentrations of E can lead to efficiency losses due to concentration quenching. Here and hereinafter, mol % data for the activator E, in particular Eu, are understood to be in particular mol % data based on the molar fractions of MA, MB, MC and MD in the corresponding phosphor.

[0268] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has one of the following general chemical formulas:

[0269] (MA)Li 3-x Si 1-x Zn x Al x O 4 :E;

[0270] (MA)Li 3-x Si 1-x Mg x Al x O 4 :E;

[0271] (MA) 1-x' Ca x' Li 3 Si 1-x' Al x' O 4 :E;

[0272] (MA)1-x” Ca x” Li 3-x” Si 1-x” Mg 2x” O 4 :E;

[0273] (MA)Li 3-2z Mg 3z Si 1-z O 4 :E;

[0274] (MA)Li 3 Si 1-2z' Al z' P z' O 4 :E. The above definitions apply in particular to MA, E, x, x', x", z and z'.

[0275] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, according to at least one embodiment, LiSi can be at least partially replaced by ZnAl or MgAl and obtain the formula (MA)Li 3-x Si 1-x Zn x Al x O 4 :E or (MA)Li 3-x Si 1-x Mg x Al x O 4 :E's luminescent material.

[0276] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 :E, according to at least one embodiment, (MA)Si can be at least partially substituted by CaAl and obtain a luminescent material of the formula (MA) 1-x' Ca x' Li 3 Si 1-x' Al x' O 4 :E's luminescent material.

[0277] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, according to at least one embodiment, (MA)LiSi can be at least partially through CaMg 2 Substitute and obtain formula (MA) 1-x” Ca x” Li 3-x” Si 1-x” Mg2x” O 4 :E luminescent material.

[0278] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, according to at least one embodiment, Li 2 Si can at least partially pass through Mg 3 Substitute and obtain the formula (MA)Li 3-2z Mg 3z Si 1-z O 4 :E luminescent material.

[0279] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, according to at least one embodiment, Si 2 can be at least partially substituted by AlP and obtain the formula (MA)Li 3 Si 1-2z' Al z' P z' O 4 :E luminescent material.

[0280] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has one of the following general chemical formulas:

[0281] (MA) 1-y Zn y Li 3-2y Al 3y Si 1-y O 4-4y N 4y :E

[0282] (MA) 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :E,

[0283] (MA) 1-y*** Sr y*** Li 3-2y*** Al 3y*** Si 1-y*** O 4-4y*** N 4y*** :E

[0284] (MA) 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O4-4y** N 4y** :E

[0285] (MA)Li 3-y' Al y' SiO 4-2y' N 2y' :E,

[0286] (MA)Li 3-y” Mg y” SiO 4-y” N y” :E,

[0287] (MA) 1-w”' Ca w”' Li 3 SiO 4-w”' N w”' :E,

[0288] (MA)Li 3-w' Al 2w' Si 1-w' O 4-w' N w' :E,

[0289] (MA) 1-w” Ca w” Li 3-w” Si 1-w” Al 2w” O 4-2w” N 2w” :E. In particular, the above definitions apply to MA, E, y, y*, y', y", w'", w' and w'. It also applies that 0<y**≤1, preferably 0<y**<0.875 or 0<y**<0.5, particularly preferably 0.05≤y**≤0.45, more particularly preferably 0.1≤y**≤0.4, 0.15≤y**≤0.35 or 0.2≤y**≤0.3 and 0≤y***≤1, preferably 0<y***<0.875 or 0<y***≤0.5, particularly preferably 0<y***≤0.3.

[0290] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, according to at least one embodiment, (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 can be at least partially oxidized by CaLiAl 3 N 4 Substitute and obtain formula (MA) 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y*N 4y* Luminescent material. Here, MA is selected from monovalent metals, including Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof, and E is selected from: Eu, Ce, Yb, Mn and combinations thereof. Preferably, MA is selected from monovalent metals, including Li, Na, K, Rb and combinations thereof and E=Eu. More particularly preferred is MA=Na. The luminescent material is an oxynitride lithium aluminum silicate (Oxonitridolithoalumosilikat) luminescent material. It applies that 0<y*<0.875, preferably 0<y*≤0.5, particularly preferably 0<y*≤0.3, and more particularly preferably 0<y*≤0.1. For example, y*=0.01; 0.02; 0.03; 0.04 or 0.05 applies.

[0291] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, according to at least one embodiment, (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 can be at least partially through SrLiAl 3 N 4 Substitute and obtain formula (MA) 1-y*** Sr y*** Li 3-2y*** Al 3y*** Si 1-y*** O 4-4y*** N 4y*** :E luminescent material. Here, MA is selected from monovalent metals, including Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof, and E is selected from Eu, Ce, Yb, Mn and combinations thereof, preferably E=Eu. Preferably, MA is selected from monovalent metals, including Li, Na, K, Rb and combinations thereof. More preferably, MA=Na. The luminescent material is an oxynitride lithium aluminum silicate luminescent material. It is applicable that 0<y***<0.875, preferably 0<y***≤0.5, and particularly preferably 0<y***≤0.3. For example, y***=0.25 is applicable.

[0292] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, according to at least one embodiment, (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 Able to at least partially pass EuLiAl 3 N 4 Substitute and obtain formula (MA) 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :E luminescent material. Here, MA is selected from monovalent metals, including Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof, and E is selected from: Eu, Ce, Yb, Mn and combinations thereof, preferably E=Eu. Preferably, MA is selected from monovalent metals, including Li, Na, K, Rb and combinations thereof. More particularly preferred is MA=Na. The luminescent material is an oxynitride lithium aluminum silicate luminescent material. Preferably, 0<y**<0.875 or 0<y**<0.5 is applicable, 0.05≤y**≤0.45 is particularly preferred, 0.1≤y**≤0.4, 0.15≤y**≤0.35 or 0.2≤y**≤0.3 is more particularly preferred. Surprisingly, although the proportion of Eu is partially very high, the luminescent material does not show concentration-induced quenching behavior and the efficiency loss associated therewith. Despite the high share of Eu, the luminescent material is surprisingly still very efficient.

[0293] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, according to at least one embodiment, LiO 2 can be at least partially through AlN 2 Substitute and obtain the formula (MA)Li 3-y' Al y' SiO 4-2y' N 2y' :E's luminescent material.

[0294] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, according to at least one embodiment, LiO can be at least partially replaced by MgN and obtain the formula (MA)Li 3-y” Mg y” SiO 4-y” N y” :E's luminescent material.

[0295] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, according to at least one embodiment, (MA)O can be at least partially substituted by CaN and obtain the formula (MA) 1-w”' Ca w”' Li 3 SiO 4-w”' N w”' :E's luminescent material.

[0296] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, according to at least one embodiment, LiSiO can be at least partially through Al 2 N is substituted and the formula (MA)Li 3-w' Al 2w' Si 1-w' O 4-w' N w' :E luminescent material.

[0297] Based on the chemical formula (MA)Li 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, according to at least one embodiment, (MA)Li 3 SiO 2 Capable of at least partially passing through CaAl 2 N 2 Substitute and obtain formula (MA) 1-w” Ca w” Li 3-w” Si 1-w” Al 2w” O 4-2w” N 2w” :E luminescent material.

[0298] According to at least one embodiment, MA is selected from monovalent metals including Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and combinations thereof. For example, MA can be selected as follows: MA=Na, K, (Na, K), (Rb, Li). Here, (Na, K), (Rb, Li) means that there is a combination of Na and K or a combination of Rb and Li. This selection of MA results in a particularly effective luminescent material that can be used in a variety of ways.

[0299] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has one of the following general chemical formulas:

[0300] NaLi 3-x Si 1-x Zn x Al x O 4 :E,

[0301] NaLi 3-x Si 1-x Mg x Al x O 4 :E,

[0302] Na 1-x' Ca x' Li 3 Si 1-x' Al x' O4 :E,

[0303] Na 1-x” Ca x” Li 3-x” Si 1-x” Mg 2x” O 4 :E,

[0304] NaLi 3-2z Mg 3z Si 1-z O 4 :E,

[0305] NaLi 3 Si 1-2z' Al z' P z' O4:E. The above meanings apply in particular to x, x', x", z and z'.

[0306] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has one of the following general chemical formulas:

[0307] (Na r K 1-r ) 1 Li 3-x Si 1-x Zn x Al x O 4 :E,

[0308] (Na r K 1-r ) 1 Li 3-x Si 1-x Mg x Al x O 4 :E,

[0309] (Na r K 1-r ) 1-x' Ca x' Li 3 Si 1-x' Al x' O 4 :E,

[0310] (Na r K 1-r ) 1-x” Ca x” Li 3-x” Si 1-x” Mg 2x” O 4 :E,

[0311] (Na r K 1-r ) 1 Li 3-2z Mg 3z Si 1-z O 4 :E,

[0312] (Na r K 1-r ) 1 Li 3 Si 1-2z' Al z' P z' O4:E, where

[0313] 0≤r≤1, for example r=0; 0.05; 0.1; 0.15; 0.2; 0.25; 0.3; 0.35; 0.4; 0.45; 0.5; 0.55; 0.6; 0.65; 0.7; 0.75; 0.8; 0.85; 0.9; 0.95; 1.0. Preferably 0≤r≤0.1 or 0.1<r≤0.4 or 0.4<r≤1.0; particularly preferably r=0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0. The above meanings apply in particular to x, x', x", z and z'.

[0314] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has one of the following general chemical formulas:

[0315] (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 Li 3-x Si 1-x Zn x Al x O 4 :E,

[0316] (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 Li 3-x Si 1-x Mg x Al x O 4 :E,

[0317] (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1-x' Ca x' Li 3 Si 1-x' Al x' O 4 :E,

[0318] (Rb r' Li 1-r') 1-x” Ca x” Li 3-x” Si 1-x” Mg 2x” O 4 :E,

[0319] (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 Li 3-2z Mg 3z Si 1-z O 4 :E,

[0320] (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 Li 3 Si 1-2z' Al z' P z' O 4 :E, where 0≤r'≤1,

[0321] For example, r'=0; 0.05; 0.1; 0.15; 0.2; 0.25; 0.3; 0.35; 0.4; 0.45; 0.5; 0.55; 0.6; 0.65; 0.7; 0.75; 0.8; 0.85; 0.9; 0.95; 1.0, preferably 0.25≤r'≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r'≤0.6, very particularly preferably r'=0.5. The above meanings apply in particular to x, x', x", z and z'.

[0322] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has one of the following general chemical formulas:

[0323] (Na r K 1-r ) 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y O 4-4y* N 4y* :E,

[0324] (Na r K 1-r )Li 3-y' Al y' SiO 4-2y' N 2y' :E,

[0325] (Na r K 1-r )Li 3-y” Mg y” SiO4-y” N y” :E,

[0326] (Na r K 1-r ) 1-w”' Ca w”' Li 3 SiO 4-w”' N w”' :E,

[0327] (Na r K 1-r )Li 3-w' Al 2w' Si 1-w' O 4-w' N w' :E,

[0328] (Na r K 1-r ) 1-w” Ca w” Li 3-w” Si 1-w” Al 2w” O 4-2w” N 2w” :E, where

[0329] 0≤r≤1, for example r=0; 0.05; 0.1; 0.15; 0.2; 0.25; 0.3; 0.35; 0.4; 0.45; 0.5; 0.55; 0.6; 0.65; 0.7; 0.75; 0.8; 0.85; 0.9; 0.95; 1.0. Preferably, 0≤r≤0.1 or 0.1<r≤0.4 or 0.4<r≤1.0; particularly preferably, r=0, 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0. The above meanings apply in particular to y*, y', y", w"', w' and w".

[0330] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has one of the following general chemical formulas:

[0331] (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :E,

[0332] (Rb r' Li 1-r' )Li 3-y' Al y' SiO 4-2y' N 2y' :E,

[0333] (Rb r' Li 1-r' )Li 3-y” Mg y” SiO 4-y” N y” :E,

[0334] (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1-w”' Ca w”' Li 3 SiO 4-w”' N w”' :E,

[0335] (Rb r' Li 1-r' )Li 3-w' Al 2w' Si 1-w' O 4-w' N w' :E,

[0336] (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1-w” Ca w” Li 3-w” Si 1-w” Al 2w” O 4-2w” N 2w” :E, wherein 0≤r'≤1, for example r'=0; 0.05; 0.1; 0.15; 0.2; 0.25; 0.3; 0.35; 0.4; 0.45; 0.5; 0.55; 0.6; 0.65; 0.7; 0.75; 0.8; 0.85; 0.9; 0.95; 1.0, preferably 0.25≤r'≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r'≤0.6, and more particularly preferably r'=0.5. The above meanings apply to y*, y', y", w"', w' and w".

[0337] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has one of the following general chemical formulas:

[0338] Na 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :E,

[0339] NaLi 3-y' Al y' SiO 4-2y' N 2y' :E,

[0340] NaLi 3-y” Mg y” SiO 4-y” N y” :E,

[0341] Na 1-w”' Ca w”' Li 3 SiO 4-w”' N w :E,

[0342] NaLi 3-w' Al 2w' Si 1-w' O 4-w' N w' :E,

[0343] Na 1-w” Ca w” Li 3-w” Si 1-w” Al 2w” O 4-2w” N 2w” :E. The above meanings apply in particular to y*, y', y", w"', w' and w".

[0344] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (MA) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E. Here, MA is selected from monovalent metals, and the monovalent metals include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof. Preferably, MA is selected from monovalent metals, and the monovalent metals include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and combinations thereof. TA is selected from monovalent metals, and the monovalent metals include Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof. TD is selected from tetravalent metals, and the tetravalent metals include Si, Ge, Sm, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ce and combinations thereof. XB is selected from the following elements, and the elements include O, S and combinations thereof. E is selected from: Eu, Ce, Yb, Mn and combinations thereof, preferably E=Eu. In particular, E occupies a lattice position or an intermediate lattice position of MA. In order to balance the charge, the proportions of other elements, such as TA and / or TD, can be changed here. For example, E=Eu 2+ And replace MA in the chemical formula + , charge balancing is performed by changing the proportion of TA and / or TD.

[0345] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (MA) 1 (TA)3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E. Here, MA is selected from monovalent metals, including Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and combinations thereof. TA=Li, TD=Si, XB=O, and E is selected from Eu, Ce, Yb, Mn and combinations thereof. Preferably, E=Eu or a combination of Eu and Ce, Yb and / or Mn is applicable.

[0346] Surprisingly, it has been found that by varying the composition of the MA, the properties of the luminescent material, in particular with regard to the peak wavelength and the half-value width, can be significantly changed. The luminescent material also has a large absorption capacity for primary radiation in the range of 300nm to 460nm or 300nm to 500nm, in particular between 300nm and 450nm or 300nm and 430nm.

[0347] For example, when excited with primary radiation of wavelength 400 nm, the formula NaLi 3 SiO 4 The luminescent material of the formula KLi emits in the blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum and exhibits narrowband emission, that is, emission with a small half-value width. On the other hand, when excited with primary radiation having a wavelength of 400 nm, 3 SiO 4 The luminescent material of Eu emits very broadly from the blue to red spectral range, so that a white luminescent impression is produced. 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu、(Rb 0.25 Na 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Cs 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu、(Rb 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu and (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 R 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 The luminescent material of Rb:Eu emits narrowband in the blue-green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum, and the formula (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li3 SiO 4 :Eu、(Rb 0.5 Na 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.25 K 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu and (Cs 0.25 Na 0。25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 The luminescent material of Eu emits narrowband in the green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. When excited with primary radiation having a wavelength of 460 nm, the formula Na 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu luminescent materials have a band in the yellow-orange range. In addition, Na 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu shows another emission peak with high intensity in the blue-green range.

[0348] The properties of the luminescent materials are shown in the following table:

[0349]

[0350]

[0351] Due to their different emission properties, luminescent materials are suitable for a wide variety of applications.

[0352] The range of the electromagnetic spectrum between 420 nm and 520 nm is understood to be the blue or blue-green spectral range.

[0353] The green spectral range is understood to be the range of the electromagnetic spectrum between 520 nm and 580 nm inclusive.

[0354] The range of the electromagnetic spectrum between 630 nm and 780 nm is understood to be the red spectral range.

[0355] The range of the electromagnetic spectrum between 580 nm and 630 nm is understood to be the yellow or yellow-orange spectral range.

[0356] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, 0≤r≤1, for example r=0; 0.05; 0.1; 0.125; 0.15; 0.2; 0.25; 0.3; 0.35; 0.4; 045; 0.5; 0.55; 0.6; 0.65; 0.7; 0.75; 0.8; 0.85; 0.9; 0.95; 1.0. Preferably 0≤r≤0.1 or 0.1<r≤0.4 or 0.4<r≤1.0; particularly preferably r=0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0. Preferably TA=Li, TD=Si, XB=O, and E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu. Surprisingly, when the proportions of Na and K in the luminescent material vary, the properties of the luminescent material, in particular the peak wavelength and the half-value width, change. Therefore, the phosphor can be used in various applications.

[0357] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :E crystallizes in tetragonal, monoclinic or triclinic systems, especially in tetragonal or triclinic systems. Preferably, the luminescent material according to this embodiment has a space group I4 1 / a, I4 / m or P-1 crystal. Particularly preferably, the luminescent material according to this embodiment has a space group of I4 1 / a or I4 / m tetragonal crystals or triclinic crystals with space group P-1.

[0358] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0.4<r≤1, preferably 0.45<r≤1, more preferably r=0.5 or 1. Preferably TA=Li, TD=Si, XB=O, and E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn and the luminescent material has the formula (Na rK 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. Preferably E=Eu is used. For example, the luminescent material has the formula NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu or (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is in the blue spectral range, in particular in the range between 450 nm and 500 nm.

[0359] Luminescent material (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :E, where 0.4<r≤1, such as NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu or (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 Eu is particularly suitable for use in conversion LEDs that emit white radiation. For this purpose, the luminescent material can be combined with red and green luminescent materials.

[0360] Luminescent material (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :E, where 0.4<r≤1, especially (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 Eu is also suitable for use in lighting devices, such as conversion LEDs, which emit blue radiation.

[0361] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1(XB) 4 :E, wherein 0.2<r≤0.4, preferably 0.2<r≤0.3, more preferably r=0.25. It is preferred that TA=Li, TD=Si, XB=O and the luminescent material has the formula (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :E. E is selected from the group consisting of Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and combinations thereof, preferably E=Eu. For example, the luminescent material has the formula (Na 0.25 K 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material lies in particular in the green spectral range.

[0362] Luminescent material (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :E, wherein 0.2<r≤0.4, preferably 0.2<r≤0.4, particularly preferably 0.2<r≤0.3, and more particularly preferably r=0.25, is particularly suitable for use in conversion LEDs for backlighting of displays.

[0363] Luminescent material (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :E, wherein 0.2<r≤0.4, preferably 0.2<r≤0.4, especially (Na 0.25 K 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 Eu is also suitable for use in lighting devices, such as conversion LEDs, which emit green radiation.

[0364] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB)4 :E, wherein 0.05<r≤0.2, preferably 0.1<r≤0.2. Preferably, TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O and the luminescent material has the formula (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :E. E is selected from: Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and a combination thereof, preferably E = Eu. For example, the luminescent material is Na 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu.

[0365] Surprisingly, the formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, wherein 0.05<r≤0.2 has a broad emission band. In addition to the band with the highest intensity (=peak wavelength), the luminescent material has in particular another emission peak, which has a high intensity similar to the emission peak at the peak wavelength.

[0366] Luminescent material (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :E, wherein 0.05<r≤0.2, preferably 0.1<r≤0.2, especially Na 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 Eu is suitable, for example, for use in lighting devices, such as conversion LEDs, which emit white radiation. Due to the broad emission, in particular the two emission peaks in the blue or blue-green range and in the yellow-orange range, the luminescent material can advantageously be used as the only luminescent material in lighting devices, such as conversion LEDs. With such conversion LEDs, in particular, a white total radiation with a color temperature of more than 8000 K and a high color rendering factor and a large color space coverage can be generated, which can be used in particular for general lighting and backlighting of displays.

[0367] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0≤r≤0.05, preferably r=0. Preferably TA=Li, TD=Si, XB=O and the luminescent material has the formula (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. E is selected from: Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and a combination thereof, preferably E=Eu. For example, the luminescent material is KLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The phosphor emits in an extremely narrowband manner from the blue to red spectral range, so that a white luminous impression is produced.

[0368] Luminescent material (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :E, where 0≤r≤0.05, especially KLi 3 SiO 4 Eu is suitable for use in lighting devices, such as conversion LEDs, for example, which emit white radiation. Due to the broad emission of the luminescent material, the luminescent material can advantageously be used as the only luminescent material in a lighting device, such as a conversion LED.

[0369] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4:E, wherein 0≤r'≤1, for example r'=0; 0.05; 0.1; 0.15; 0.2; 0.25; 0.3; 0.35; 0.4; 0.45; 0.5; 0.55; 0.6; 0.65; 0.7; 0.75; 0.8; 0.85; 0.9; 0.95; 1.0, preferably 0.25≤r'≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r'≤0.6, and more particularly preferably r'=0.5. Preferably TA=Li, TD=Si, XB=O and the luminescent material has the formula (Rb r' Li 1-r' )Li 3 SiO 4 :E. E is selected from the group consisting of: Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and combinations thereof, preferably E=Eu. It has been confirmed that the phosphor has a small half-value width and can be used in a variety of ways.

[0370] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the following general chemical formula (K, Na, Li, Cs) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein K, Na, Li and CS are contained in the luminescent material. Preferably, TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O and the luminescent material has the formula (K, Na, Li, Cs)Li 3 SiO 4 :E. E is selected from the group consisting of Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and combinations thereof, preferably E=Eu. Particularly preferably, the luminescent material has the formula (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )(TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :E. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material lies in particular in the green spectral range and has a half-value width of less than 50 nm.

[0371] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (Rb, Na, Li, Cs) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4:E, wherein the luminescent material contains Rb, Na, Li and Cs. Preferably, TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O and the luminescent material has the formula (Rb, Na, Li, Cs)Li 3 SiO 4 :E. E is selected from the group consisting of Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and combinations thereof, preferably E=Eu. Particularly preferably, the luminescent material has the formula (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 R 0.25 Li 0.25 )(TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 R 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :E. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material lies in particular in the blue spectral range and has a half-value width of less than 30 nm.

[0372] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (Cs, Na, K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein Na, K and Cs are contained in the luminescent material. Preferably, TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O and the luminescent material has the formula (Cs, Na, K)Li 3 SiO 4 :E. E is selected from the group consisting of Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and combinations thereof, preferably E=Eu. Particularly preferably, the luminescent material has the formula (Cs 0.25 Na 0.50 K 0.25 )(TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Cs 0.25 Na 0.50 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :E. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material lies in particular in the blue spectral range and has a half-value width of less than 30 nm.

[0373] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (Rb, Na, K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4:E, wherein Na, K and Rb are contained in the luminescent material. Preferably, TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O and the luminescent material has the formula (Rb, Na, K)Li 3 SiO 4 :E. E is selected from the group consisting of: Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and combinations thereof, preferably E=Eu. Particularly preferably, the luminescent material has the formula (Rb 0.25 Na 0.50 K 0.25 )(TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb 0.25 Na 0.50 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :E. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material lies in particular in the blue spectral range and has a half-value width of less than 30 nm.

[0374] Luminescent materials (Rb, Na, Li, Cs) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (Cs, Na, K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E and (Rb,Na,K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E is particularly suitable for use in conversion LEDs that emit white radiation. For this purpose, the luminescent material can be combined with red and green luminescent materials respectively. The luminescent material is also suitable for use in lighting devices, such as conversion LEDs, that emit blue radiation.

[0375] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material (Rb, Na, Li, Cs) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (K, Na, Li, Cs) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (Rb, Na, K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (Cs, Na, K)1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (K,Na,Li,Cs)Li 3 SiO 4 :E、(Rb,Na,Li,Cs)Li 3 SiO 4 :E、(Rb,Na,K)Li 3 SiO 4 :E or (Cs,Na,K)Li 3 SiO 4 :E is crystallized in the tetragonal system. Preferably, the luminescent material according to this embodiment is crystallized in the space group I4 / m. Particularly preferably, the luminescent material according to this embodiment is crystallized in the tetragonal system having the space group I4 / m.

[0376] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0<r”<0.5 and 0<r”′<0.5, for example, r”=0.05; 0.1; 0.15; 0.2; 0.25; 0.3; 0.35; 0.4; 0.45 and r”′=0.05; 0.1; 0.15; 0.2; 0.25; 0.3; 0.35; 0.4; 0.45. Preferably, 0.1<r”<0.4 and 0.1<r”′<0.4, particularly preferably, 0.2<r”<0.3 and 0.2<r”′<0.3. Preferably, TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O and the luminescent material has the formula (K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' )Li 3 SiO 4 :E. E is selected from the group consisting of: Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and combinations thereof, preferably E=Eu. Surprisingly, when the proportions of Na, Li and K in the luminescent material change, the properties of the luminescent material, especially the peak wavelength and half-value width, change. For example, the luminescent material has the formula (K 0.5 Na 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material lies in particular in the green spectral range and has a half-value width of less than 50 nm.

[0377] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material (K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 Li 3 SiO 4 :E is crystallized in a tetragonal system or a monoclinic system. Preferably, the luminescent material according to this embodiment is crystallized in a space group of I4 / m or C2 / m. Particularly preferably, the luminescent material according to this embodiment is crystallized in a tetragonal system having a space group of I4 / m or a monoclinic system having a space group of C2 / m, and particularly preferably in a monoclinic system having a space group of C2 / m.

[0378] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0<r*<1, for example r*=0.05;0.1;0.15;0.2;0.25;0.3;0.35;0.4;0.45;0.5;0.55;0.6;0.65;0.7;0.75;0.8;0.85;0.9;0.95. It is preferred that TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O and the luminescent material has the formula (Rb r* Na 1-r* )Li 3 SiO 4 :E. E is selected from the group consisting of Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and a combination thereof, preferably E=Eu.

[0379] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r* Na 1-r* )Li 3 SiO 4:E is crystallized in a tetragonal system or a monoclinic system. Preferably, the luminescent material according to this embodiment is crystallized in a space group I4 / m or C2 / m. Particularly preferably, the luminescent material according to this embodiment is crystallized in a tetragonal system having a space group I4 / m or in a monoclinic system having a space group C2 / m.

[0380] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0.4≤r*<1.0, preferably 0.4≤r*<0.875 or 0.4≤r*≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r*≤0.6, and more particularly preferably r*=0.5. It is preferred that TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O and the luminescent material has the formula (Rb r* Na 1-r* )Li 3 SiO 4 :E. E is selected from the group consisting of Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and combinations thereof, preferably E=Eu. For example, the luminescent material has the formula (Rb 0.5 Na 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The peak wavelength of the phosphor lies in particular in the green spectral range and has a half-value width of between 42 nm and 44 nm.

[0381] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the general chemical formula (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0<r*<0.4, for example r*=0.05; 0.1; 0.15; 0.2; 0.25; 0.3; 0.35, preferably 0.1≤r*≤0.35, particularly preferably 0.2≤r*≤0.3, and more particularly preferably r*=0.25. It is preferred that TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O and the luminescent material has the formula (Rb r* Na 1-r* )Li 3 SiO 4 :E. E is selected from the group consisting of: Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and combinations thereof, preferably E=Eu. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is preferably in the blue spectral range and has a half-value width between 20 nm and 24 nm.

[0382] Luminescent material (Rbr* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r* Na 1-r* )Li 3 SiO 4 :E, where 0.4<r*<0.4, preferably 0.1≤r*≤0.35, particularly preferably 0.2≤r*≤0.3, and more particularly preferably r*=0.25, is particularly suitable for use in conversion LEDs that emit white radiation. For this purpose, the luminescent material can be combined with red and green luminescent materials.

[0383] Luminescent material (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r* Na 1-r* )Li 3 SiO 4 :E, wherein 0<r*<0.4, preferably 0.1≤r*≤0.35, particularly preferably 0.2≤r*≤0.3, and more particularly preferably r*=0.25, is particularly suitable for use in lighting devices, such as conversion LEDs, which emit blue radiation.

[0384] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :E, wherein 0.2<r≤0.4, preferably 0.2<r≤0.3, particularly preferably r=0.25, or having the formula (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r' Li 1-r' )Li 3 SiO 4:E, wherein 0≤r'≤1, preferably 0.25≤r'≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r'≤0.6. Preference is given to TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is particularly in the green spectral range and has a half-value width of less than 50 nm.

[0385] Surprisingly, the luminescent material (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E(where 0.2<r≤0.4),(Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E(where 0≤r'≤1),(K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (where 0<r”<0.5 and 0<r”'<0.5), (K, Na, Li, Cs) (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E and (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (where 0.4≤r*<1.0), for example (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.25 K 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.25 K 0.5 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu and (Rb0.5 Na 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 Eu has a peak wavelength in the green spectral range and a very small half-value width, and is therefore particularly suitable for lighting devices that emit white light, i.e., for example, a white-emitting conversion LED in combination with a semiconductor chip that emits blue primary radiation and a red luminescent material, particularly for backlighting applications for display elements such as displays. With such a white-emitting conversion LED, a particularly large color bandwidth can be achieved. By means of the luminescent material (Na2O3) according to the invention, a large amount of light can be emitted. r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E(where 0.2<r≤0.4),(Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E(where 0≤r'≤1),(K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (where 0<r”<0.5 and 0<r”'<0.5), (K, Na, Li, Cs) (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E and (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (where 0.4≤r*<1.0), for example (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.25 K 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.25 K 0.5 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu and (Rb 0.5 Na 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 : Due to the small half-value width of Eu, the emission peak shows a very large overlap with the transmission region of the standard green filter, so that only a small amount of light is lost and the achievable color space is large.

[0386] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the following general chemical formula: Na 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :E, wherein 0<y*<0.875; preferably 0<y*≤0.5, particularly preferably 0<y*≤0.3, and more particularly preferably 0<y*≤0.1. For example, y*=0.01; 0.02; 0.03; 0.04 and 0.05 are applicable. E is selected from the group consisting of: Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and combinations thereof. Preferably, E=Eu or Eu 2+ .

[0387] Surprisingly, it has been shown that the formula NaLi 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material has the same properties as the known luminescent material CaLiAl 3 N 4 :E isomorphous crystal structure. Two compounds crystallize with isomorphous crystal structures, in particular, meaning that the atoms of one compound occupy the same positions as the corresponding atoms of the other compound within the crystal structure. Thus, the combination of structural units within the structure remains unchanged. Isomorphous crystal structures are atypical in oxides and nitrides, because nitrides generally have a higher degree of condensation of polyhedra, especially tetrahedra, within the crystal structure compared to oxides. This is particularly surprising at present, because the formula NaLi 3 SiO 4 The condensation degree of the luminescent material according to the present invention is 1:Eu, while typical oxosilicates have a condensation degree equal to or less than 0.5. Surprisingly, the inventors have found that the luminescent material based on the chemical formula NaLi 3 SiO 4 :E luminescent material, the elements Na, Li, Si, O can be partially replaced by the elements Ca, Li, Al and N, so that the formula Na 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si1-y O 4-4y* N 4y* :Eu luminescent material. The luminescent material is particularly present in a mixed phase, so that in NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Inside the crystal structure of Eu, the lattice positions are partially occupied by the elements Ca, Li, Al and N.

[0388] Known luminescent materials CaLiAl 3 N 4 Eu is a luminescent material that emits in the red range of the electromagnetic spectrum with a peak wavelength of about 670 nm, has a half-value width of about 60 nm and is 3 SiO 4 In contrast, NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu emits in the blue spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum with a peak wavelength of approximately 470 nm and exhibits narrowband emission, that is, emission with a half-value width of less than 60 nm. It is advantageously possible to provide a luminescent material of the formula Na 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :Eu luminescent material, in which CaLiAl 3 N 4 The proportion of , which is indicated by the footnote y* in the formula. This variation can provide a luminescent material that allows the peak wavelength to be adjusted in the range between 470 nm and 670 nm by varying the composition. The luminescent material can thus be specifically adjusted in terms of the desired color position according to requirements or applications. Thus, surprisingly, almost all colors in the visible range from blue to red can be produced with only one luminescent material.

[0389] Luminescent material Na 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y*The peak wavelength of Eu is preferably in the blue or green spectral range, where 0 < y* < 0.875, preferably 0 < y* ≤ 0.5, particularly preferably 0 < y* ≤ 0.3, and more particularly preferably 0 < y* ≤ 0.1. The luminescent material is particularly suitable for use in combination with green and red luminescent materials for white conversion LEDs, particularly for general lighting. The luminescent material is also suitable for use in colored conversion LEDs.

[0390] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material Na 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :E is crystallized in the tetragonal system. The luminescent material according to this embodiment is preferably in the space group I4 1 / a crystal. The luminescent material according to this embodiment is particularly preferably a luminescent material having a space group I4 1 / a tetragonal crystal.

[0391] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the following general chemical formula: Na 1-y*** Sr y*** Li 3-2y*** Al 3y*** Si 1-y*** O 4-4y*** N 4y*** :E, wherein 0<y***<0.875; preferably 0<y***≤0.5, particularly preferably 0<y***≤0.3. For example, y***=0.01; 0.02; 0.03, 0.04 or 0.05 is applicable. E is selected from: Eu, Mn, Ce, Yb and a combination thereof. Preferably, E=Eu or Eu 2+ .

[0392] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the formula (MB) b (TA) e (TC) g (TD) h (XB) l (XC) m :E,

[0393] in

[0394] MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni, Fe, Co and combinations thereof,

[0395] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0396] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga, In, Y, Fe, Cr, Sc, rare earth metals and combinations thereof,

[0397] - TD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ce and combinations thereof,

[0398] -XB=O and / or S

[0399] -XC=N

[0400] -b=1;

[0401] -e+g+h=4;

[0402] -l+m=4;

[0403] -2b+e+3g+4h-2l-3m=0 and m<3.5 or l>0.5.

[0404] - E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu.

[0405] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the formula (MB) b (TA) e (TC) g (TD) h (XB) l (XC) m :E,

[0406] in

[0407] -MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and combinations thereof,

[0408] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na and combinations thereof,

[0409] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga and combinations thereof,

[0410] -TD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Si, Ge and combinations thereof,

[0411] -XC=N

[0412] -XB=O

[0413] -b=1;

[0414] -e+g+h=4;

[0415] -l+m=4;

[0416] -2b+e+3g+4h-2l-3m=0 and m<3.5 or l>0.5.

[0417] - E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu.

[0418] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the following general chemical formula:

[0419] (MB)(Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 :E, wherein 0.25≤r**≤1, preferably 0.25<r**<0.875, and particularly preferably 0.4≤r**≤0.8. MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and combinations thereof, and E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu.

[0420] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the following general chemical formula: Sr(Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 :E, wherein 0.25≤r**≤1, preferably 0.25<r**<0.875, particularly preferably 0.4≤r**≤0.8 and E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn. The luminescent material is especially the compound SrSiLi 3 O 3 N:Eu(r**=0.25) and Sr 2 Si 2 Al 3 Li 3 O 3 N 8 :Mixed phase of Eu(r**=1).

[0421] The mixed phase according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to provide a luminescent material in which the nitrogen content can be varied, which is expressed in the formula by the subscript r**. This variation makes it possible to provide a luminescent material which, by means of a varied composition, allows the peak wavelength to be adjusted in the spectral range from yellow to red. The luminescent material can thus be specifically adjusted in terms of the desired color position and / or color reproduction factor, depending on the requirements or application. Thus, surprisingly, a large number of colors in the visible range, in particular from yellow to red, can be produced with only one luminescent material.

[0422] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material (MB) (Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 :E or Sr(Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 :E is crystallized in a tetragonal system. The luminescent material according to this embodiment preferably is crystallized in a space group I4 / m. The luminescent material according to this embodiment is particularly preferably crystallized in a tetragonal system having a space group I4 / m.

[0423] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the following general chemical formula: Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :E, wherein 0<y**≤1.0, preferably 0<y**<0.875 or 0<y**<0.5, particularly preferably 0.05≤y**≤0.45, more particularly preferably 0.1≤y**≤0.4, 0.15≤y**≤0.35 or 0.2≤y**≤0.3. E is selected from: Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu.

[0424] Surprisingly, it has been shown that the formula Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :E, preferably Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :Eu luminescent materials can be used as 3 SiO 4 :E or NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu(y**=0) and compound EuLiAl 3 N 4 (y**=1) and is also an effective luminescent material with unique properties. The luminescent material is particularly present in a mixed phase, so that NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Inside the crystal structure of Eu, the lattice positions are partially occupied by the elements Eu, Li, Al and N.

[0425] NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu emits in the blue spectral range. 3 SiO 4 :Eu and compound EuLiAl 3 N 4 The mixed phase according to the invention is advantageously possible to provide the formula Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :Eu luminescent material, in which EuLiAl can be changed 3 N 4 The proportion of is represented by the footnote y** in the formula. This variation can provide a luminescent material that allows the peak wavelength to be adjusted in the range from yellow to red by varying the composition. The luminescent material can thus be specifically adjusted in terms of the desired color position according to requirements or applications. Thus, surprisingly, almost all colors in the visible range from yellow to red can be produced with only one luminescent material.

[0426] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :Eu is crystallized in tetragonal system. The luminescent material according to this embodiment preferably is crystallized in space group I4 / m. The luminescent material according to this embodiment is particularly preferably crystallized in tetragonal system having space group I4 / m.

[0427] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the formula (MB) b (TA) e (TC) g (XB) l (XC) m :E,

[0428] in

[0429] MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni, Fe, Co and combinations thereof,

[0430] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0431] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga, In, Y, Fe, Cr, Sc, rare earth metals and combinations thereof,

[0432] -XB=O,

[0433] -XC=N,

[0434] -b=1;

[0435] -e+g=4;

[0436] -l+m=4;

[0437] -2b+e+3g-2l-3m=0 and m<3.5 or l>0.5.

[0438] - E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu.

[0439] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the formula (MB) b (TA) e (TC) g (XB) l (XC) m :E,

[0440] -MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn and combinations thereof,

[0441] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0442] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga and combinations thereof,

[0443] -XB=O,

[0444] -XC=N,

[0445] -b=1;

[0446] -e+g=4;

[0447] -l+m=4;

[0448] -2b+e+3g-2l-3m=0 and m<3.5 or l>0.5.

[0449] - E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu.

[0450] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the following general chemical formula:

[0451] Formula (MB)Li 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :E, wherein 0<x**≤1.0, preferably 0<x**<0.875, particularly preferably 0.125≤x**≤0.875 or 0.125≤x**≤0.5, more particularly preferably 0.125≤x**≤0.45. MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn and combinations thereof.

[0452] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the following general chemical formula:

[0453] S L 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu, wherein 0<x**≤1.0, preferably 0<x**<0.875, particularly preferably 0.125≤x**<0.875 or 0.125≤x**≤0.5, more particularly preferably 0.125≤x**≤0.45.

[0454] Surprisingly, it has been demonstrated that the formula SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu luminescent materials can be used as 3 AlO 4 :Eu(x**=0) and compound SrLiAl 3 N 4 The mixed phase between (x**=1) is produced and is also an efficient luminescent material with unique characteristics. The luminescent material has a small half-value width in particular.

[0455] SrLi 3 N 4Eu is a known luminescent material which emits narrowband in the red spectral range. 3 AlO 4 :Eu and compound SrLiAl 3 N 4 The mixed phase according to the invention can advantageously provide the formula SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu luminescent material, in which SrLiAl 3 N 4 The proportion of is expressed in the formula by the footnote x**. This variation can provide a luminescent material which, by varying the composition, allows the peak wavelength to be adjusted in the green to yellow or yellow-orange range. This makes it possible to achieve a color position that cannot be achieved with known luminescent materials. Thus, the luminescent material can be specifically adjusted in terms of the desired color position in the green to yellow range according to requirements or applications.

[0456] Surprisingly, it has been shown that the formula SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** The luminescent material of Eu crystallizes with the same crystal structure as x** increases from x**≥0.1250, but the unit cell volume of the unit cell increases and at the same time as x** increases, the peak wavelength shifts to a longer wavelength range, especially from the green spectral range to the red spectral range. 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** Eu can be used in a variety of ways and is particularly suitable for SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** : A colored conversion LED with Eu as the only luminescent material, wherein 0.125≤x**≤1, preferably 0.125≤x**<0.875, particularly preferably 0.125≤x**≤0.5, and even more particularly preferably 0.125≤x**≤0.45. In addition, the luminescent material preferably has a small half-value width of less than 80 nm.

[0457] Luminescent material SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x**:Eu, in particular where x**≥0.1250, is suitable, for example, for use in lighting devices, such as conversion LEDs, which emit white radiation, wherein the superposition of blue primary radiation and secondary radiation produces white total radiation. The luminescent material is very robust and efficient and can advantageously provide a conversion LED, which emits total radiation having a color temperature of less than 3600K, in particular 3400K±100K, and a color position close to the Planck curve.

[0458] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the following general chemical formula: SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu, wherein 0<x**<0.125, preferably 0<x**<0.120.

[0459] Luminescent material SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu (where 0<x**<0.125) surprisingly does not compare with SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** : The crystal structure of Eu (where x**≥0.125) is the same as the crystal structure of Eu. The phosphor (where 0<x**<0.125) can in particular form a crystal structure that can be described as a crystallographic superstructure of the crystal structure of a variant of the phosphor (where x**≥0.1250).

[0460] Preferably, the peak wavelength of the luminescent material is in the green range of the electromagnetic spectrum. 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu (where x**≥0.125), the half-value width is preferably smaller.

[0461] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material (MB) Li 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu or SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu is crystallized in tetragonal system. The luminescent material according to this embodiment preferably is crystallized in space group I4 / m. The luminescent material according to this embodiment is particularly preferably crystallized in tetragonal system in space group I4 / m.

[0462] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has 4 C 4 , CsKNa 2 Li 12 Si 4 O 16 or RbLi 5 {Li[SiO 4 ]} 2 The luminescent material has the same atomic sequence as in UCr. 4 C 4 , CsKNa 2 Li 12 Si 4 O 16 or RbLi 5 {Li[SiO 4 ]} 2 The same atomic sequence in the crystal structure of the crystal is represented here and below, and the atomic sequence of the luminescent material follows the same as in UCr 4 C 4 , CsKNa 2 Li 12 Si 4 O 16 or RbLi 5 {Li[SiO 4 ]} 2 In other words, the crystal structure shows the same pattern as UCr 4 C 4 , CsKNa 2 Li 12 Si 4 O 16 or RbLi 5 {Li[SiO 4 ]} 2 The same structural pattern. For example, the formula (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 3 :Eu luminescent materials have the same 2 Li 12 Si 4 O 16 The crystal structure of the same atomic sequence in , where K occupies the positions of Cs and K, Na occupies the position of Na, Li occupies the position of Li, Si occupies the position of Si and O occupies the position of O. The absolute position (atomic coordinates) of the atoms can be changed by varying the ionic radius when substituting with other atomic species.

[0463] The luminescent material can also be used with 4C 4 Derived structure NaLi 3 SiO 4 or KLi 3 GeO 4 The same atomic sequence in the crystal structure crystallizes.

[0464] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material is

[0465] -NaLi 3 SiO 4

[0466] -KLi 3 SiO 4

[0467] -RbLi 5 {Li[SiO 4 ]} 2

[0468] -UCr 4 C 4

[0469] -CsKNa 2 Li 12 Si 4 O 16 or

[0470] -CsKNaLi 9 {Li[SiO 4 ]} 4

[0471] The same structural type crystallizes.

[0472] The crystal structure of this embodiment is characterized in particular by a three-dimensionally bonded spatial network. Here, TA, TB, TC, TD, TE and / or TF are surrounded by XA, XB, XC and / or XD, and the structural units generated therefrom, preferably tetrahedra, are bonded via common corners and edges. This arrangement results in an anionic structural unit that is extended in three dimensions. MA, MB, MC and / or MD are arranged in the cavity or channel generated therefrom.

[0473] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has a crystal structure in which TA, TB, TC, TD, TE and / or TF are surrounded by XA, XB, XC and / or XD, and the structural units generated therefrom are combined via common corners and edges into a three-dimensional spatial network with cavities or channels, and MA, MB, MC and / or MD are arranged in the cavities or channels. In particular, the structural unit is a tetrahedron, wherein preferably XA, XB, XC and / or XD occupy the corners of the tetrahedron and TA, TB, TC, TD, TE and / or TF are arranged in the center of the tetrahedron.

[0474] For example, in the case of KLi 3 GeO 4 KLi of the same type 3 SiO 4 In the crystal structure of the embodiment of E, Li and Si are surrounded by O and form a distorted (Li / Si)O 4 The anion structural unit is a spatial network of tetrahedrons. In the resulting cavity, the K atom is surrounded by 8 O atoms in a distorted cubic shape.

[0475] In RbLi 5 {Li[SiO 4 ]} 2 : In the crystal structure of the embodiment of E, a part of Li atoms and Si atoms are surrounded by O and form an anion structural unit in the form of a spatial network. Here, the Si atom is surrounded by 4 O atoms in a distorted tetrahedral manner. The Li atom participating in the structural unit is surrounded by 3 O atoms in a distorted triangular plane in its first coordination sphere. Under the condition of adding other O atoms around, the coordination can also be described as a distorted tetrahedron or a distorted triangular bipyramid. In the resulting cavity, the Rb atom is surrounded by 8 O atoms in a distorted cubic manner, while the other part of the Li atoms is surrounded by 4 O atoms in a distorted square plane.

[0476] Depending on the chemical composition of the luminescent materials disclosed here, it is possible to produce a strong distortion of the coordination sphere around MA, MB, MC and / or MD. 3 SiO 4 In the case of the embodiment of :E, this results in the surrounding of the Na atoms being present as distorted triangular prisms or, in the case of the addition of further O atoms, as distorted trimmed cubes.

[0477] The described embodiments of the phosphor can be produced according to the method described below. Therefore, all features described for the phosphor also apply to the method for producing the phosphor and vice versa.

[0478] A method for producing a luminescent material is proposed.

[0479] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the following general chemical formula:

[0480] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i(TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC) m (XD) n :E, where MA is selected from monovalent metals, MB is selected from divalent metals, MC is selected from trivalent metals, MD is selected from tetravalent metals, TA is selected from monovalent metals, TB is selected from divalent metals, TC is selected from trivalent metals, TD is selected from tetravalent metals, TE is selected from pentavalent elements, TF is selected from hexavalent elements, XA is selected from elements including halogens, XB is selected from the following elements, the elements include O, S and combinations thereof, XC=N and XD=C. Also applicable:

[0481] a+b+c+d=t;

[0482] -e+f+g+h+i+j=u

[0483] -k+l+m+n=v

[0484] -a+2b+3c+4d+e+2f+3g+4h+5i+6j-k-2l-3m-4n=w;

[0485] -0.8≤t≤1

[0486] -3.5≤u≤4

[0487] -3.5≤v≤4

[0488] -(-0.2)≤w≤0.2 and E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn. Preferably, the following applies: 0≤m<0.875v and / or v≥l>0.125v.

[0489] The method comprises the following method steps:

[0490] A) reactants mixed with luminescent materials,

[0491] B) heating the mixture obtained under A) to a temperature T1 between 500° C. and 1400° C., preferably between 700° C. and 1400° C.,

[0492] C) tempering the mixture at a temperature T1 of 500° C. to 1400° C., preferably between 700° C. and 1400° C., for 0.5 minutes to 10 hours.

[0493] In one embodiment, the reactants are present as a powder.

[0494] In one embodiment, method step C) is followed by a further method step:

[0495] D) The mixture is cooled to room temperature. Room temperature is to be understood as meaning in particular 20°C.

[0496] In one embodiment, method step B) and method step C) are repeated after method step D), wherein the phosphor obtained in method step D) is then heated or cooled. The optical properties of the phosphor can be improved by this further tempering process.

[0497] According to at least one embodiment, in process step B), the reactants melt during the heating of the mixture obtained under A).

[0498] The heating rate and cooling rate can be, for example, 250° C. per hour.

[0499] In one embodiment, method step B), method step C) and / or method step D) are carried out in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere. In the nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas, the ratio of nitrogen:oxygen is preferably 92.5:7.5.

[0500] In one embodiment, method step B), method step C) and / or method step D) takes place in a tube furnace.

[0501] According to at least one embodiment, the method comprises the following method steps A):

[0502] A) mixing reactants, said reactants comprising K 2 CO 3 , Cs 2 CO 3 、Na 2 CO 3 and / or Rb 2 CO 3 .

[0503] According to at least one embodiment, the method comprises the following method steps A):

[0504] A) mixing reactants, the reactants including SiO 2 、Eu 2 O 3 , Li 2 CO 3 and at least one from K 2 CO 3 , Cs 2 CO 3 、Na 2 CO 3 and Rb 2 CO 3 In particular, when the reactant is used, a luminescent material (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu、(Rb r' Li1-r' )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu and (K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, preferably NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu, KLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu、(Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.25 K 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu and (Na 0.25 K 0.5 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu.

[0505] According to at least one embodiment, the method comprises the following method steps A):

[0506] A) Mixing reactants, wherein the reactants include CaO, NaF, LiN 3 , Li 2 O、LiAlH 4 , AlF 3 、SiO 2 and EuF 3 In particular, when the reactant is used, it is possible to produce a 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :Eu, such as Na 0.97 Ca 0.03 Li 2.94 Al 0.09 Si 0.97 O 3.88 N 0.12 :Eu.

[0507] Compared to many other production methods for luminescent materials, this method for production can be carried out very simply. Since the product is not sensitive to moisture or oxygen, in particular no protective gas atmosphere is required. The synthesis is carried out at moderate temperatures and is therefore very energy-efficient. As a result, for example, the requirements on the furnace used are low. The reactants are commercially available at low cost and are non-toxic.

[0508] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, emits white radiation during operation. The radiation can consist of a superposition of primary radiation and secondary radiation or only of secondary radiation.

[0509] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material emits secondary radiation having a peak wavelength in the blue or blue-green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. In order to generate white total radiation, the conversion element can include a second luminescent material and a third luminescent material. The second luminescent material can be designed in particular to partially convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation during the operation of the lighting device, and the secondary electromagnetic radiation is located in the red spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. The third luminescent material can be designed in particular to partially convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation during the operation of the lighting device, and the secondary electromagnetic radiation is located in the green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. The superposition of blue, green and red secondary radiation produces a white luminous impression. The lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, is particularly suitable for general lighting applications.

[0510] The conversion of ultraviolet primary radiation or blue primary radiation into secondary radiation with a slightly longer wavelength in the blue or blue-green range of the electromagnetic spectrum increases the efficiency of lighting devices, especially conversion LEDs. Compared with the primary radiation, the peak wavelength of the secondary radiation is closer to the maximum of the eye sensitivity at 555nm, so that the emitted radiation has a higher overlap with the eye sensitivity curve and is therefore perceived as brighter.

[0511] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material emits secondary radiation having a peak wavelength in the green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. In order to generate white total radiation, the conversion element can include a second luminescent material, which can be designed to partially convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation in the red spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum during operation of the lighting device. The superposition of the blue primary radiation and the green secondary radiation and the red secondary radiation produces a white luminous impression. The lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, is particularly suitable for backlighting applications.

[0512] The third phosphor having a peak wavelength in the green spectral range can be selected from the group consisting of β-SiAlONe, α-SiAlONe, chlorosilicates, orthosilicates, silicon dioxide nitride (SiONe), garnets, and combinations thereof.

[0513] According to one embodiment, the garnet luminescent material can be selected from the material system (Y, Lu, Gd) 3 (Al,Ga) 5 O 12 :Ce or (Y,Lu,Gd) 3 (Al) 5 O 12 :Ce. The garnet luminescent material is preferably selected from the material system (Y, Lu) 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce and (Y,Lu) 3 (Al,Ga) 5 O 12 : Ce. The luminescent material is, for example, Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce.

[0514] α-SiAlONe can have, for example, the following chemical formula: M t Si 12-(t'+t”) Al (t'+t”) O n N 16-n :E, wherein M = Ca, Mg, Y, preferably Ca.

[0515] Chlorosilicates can have, for example, the following chemical formula: (Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu) 8 Mg(SiO 4 ) 4 Cl 2 .

[0516] Silicon dioxide nitride can, for example, have the following chemical formula: (EA* 1-t”' Eu t”' )Si 2 O 2 N 2 , wherein 0<t"'≤0.2, preferably 0<t"'≤0.15, particularly preferably 0.02≤t"'≤0.15 and EA*=Sr, Ca, Ba and / or Mg. Preferably (Sr 1-t”'-o EA* o Eu t”' )Si 2 O 2 N 2 , where EA* = Ba, Ca and / or Mg and 0≤o<0.5.

[0517] The second luminescent material having a peak wavelength in the red spectral range can be, for example, a nitrided silicate or a nitrided aluminate. The nitrided silicate can be selected in particular from the material system (Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu) 2 (Si,Al) 5 (N,O) 8 、(Ca,Sr,Ba,Eu)AlSi(N,O) 3 、(Ca,Sr,Ba,Eu)AlSi(N,O) 3 ·Si 2 N 2 O, (Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu) 2 Si 5 N 8 、(Ca,Sr,Ba,Eu)AlSiN 3 And combinations thereof. The aluminate nitride can have the formula MLiAl 3 N 4 :Eu(M=Ca,Sr).

[0518] Furthermore, the second luminescent material can be selected from a material system having a peak wavelength in the red spectral range, which is described in patent application WO 2015 / 052238 A1, the disclosure of which is fully incorporated herein by reference. For example, the second luminescent material has the formula Sr(Sr,Ca)Si 2 Al 2 N 6 :Eu.

[0519] The second luminescent material having a peak wavelength in the red spectral range can also be a luminescent material having the chemical formula A 2 [SiF 6 ]:Mn 4+ A luminescent material, wherein A = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, for example K 2 SiF 6 :Mn 4+ .

[0520] The second phosphor having a peak wavelength in the red spectral range can also be Mg 4 GeO 5.5 F:Mn.

[0521] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, is designed to emit white radiation. r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB)4 :E, wherein 0≤r≤0.05, preferably r=0. Preferably TA=Li, TD=Si, XB=O and E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu. For example, the luminescent material is KLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The luminescent material emits very broadband from the blue to red spectral range, so that a white luminous impression is produced. Advantageously, it is feasible that the conversion element is composed of the luminescent material or of the luminescent material and a matrix material. The conversion element or lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, in particular has no other luminescent materials. Thereby, the luminescent material can therefore be present as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, in particular the conversion LED. The lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, has a high efficiency and a high color reproduction coefficient. The lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, in particular emits warm white radiation with a color temperature of less than 3500K, in particular less than 3000K. Thereby, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, is particularly suitable for general lighting applications.

[0522] Compared with the known white-emitting conversion LED, the expensive sorting of semiconductor chips can be abandoned or at least performed with greater tolerance. The conversion LED uses a blue-emitting semiconductor chip and red and green luminescent materials to generate white light. The following semiconductor chip can be used, which has a primary radiation that is not or almost not perceived by the human eye (300nm to 430nm or 440nm). Fluctuations of the primary radiation that depend on manufacturing, temperature or on-state current have no negative impact on the total radiation characteristics. Compared with the use of two or more luminescent materials, it is not necessary to match the color by changing the concentration of the luminescent material, because the emission spectrum is only generated by one luminescent material and is constant. Therefore, since color matching or expensive chip sorting is not required, the conversion LED can be manufactured with high yield. No color shift or other negative effects on the emission spectrum occur by selective degradation of only one luminescent material. Partial conversion of the primary radiation can also be performed according to the application. Since the luminescent material can be excited with primary radiation in the range of 300 nm to 430 nm or 440 nm, the contribution of primary radiation to the total radiation, preferably in the short-wave blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum, has the effect that the objects illuminated thereby appear whiter, brighter and thus more attractive. For example, optical fluorescent whitening agents in textiles can be excited thereby.

[0523] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, is designed to emit white radiation. r K 1-r ) 1 (TA)3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4 :E, wherein 0.05<r≤0.2, preferably 0.1<r≤0.2 and E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu. For example, the luminescent material is Na 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The luminescent material emits a green to red spectral range in a broadband manner, so that a white total radiation is generated by superposition of blue primary radiation and secondary radiation. Here, it is advantageously feasible that the conversion element is composed of the luminescent material or is composed of the luminescent material and a matrix material. The conversion element or lighting device according to this embodiment, especially the conversion LED, in particular does not have other luminescent materials. Thereby, the luminescent material can therefore exist as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, especially the conversion LED. Therefore, in contrast to the conversion LED with a variety of luminescent materials, no color shift or other negative effects on the emission spectrum occur by the selective degradation of only one luminescent material. Although there are no other red luminescent materials, the luminescent device, especially the conversion LED, has a high color reproduction coefficient. The luminescent device according to this embodiment, especially the conversion LED, especially emits a cold white radiation with a color temperature greater than 6500K, preferably greater than 8000K. The maximum value of the color temperature can be 10000K. Thereby, the luminescent device, especially the conversion LED, is particularly suitable for general lighting, such as for offices. Studies have shown that cool white total radiation can improve concentration during normal lighting, because the high blue content in the total radiation reduces the production of melatonin.

[0524] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit white radiation, wherein the phosphor has the formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (where 0.2<r≤0.4, preferably 0.2<r≤0.3), (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (wherein 0≤r'≤1, preferably 0.25≤r'≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r'≤0.6), (K1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (wherein 0<r″<0.5 and 0<r″′<0.5, preferably 0.1<r″<0.4 and 0.1<r″′<0.4, particularly preferably 0.2<r″<0.3 and 0.2<r″′<0.3), (Cs, Na, K, Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, preferably (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )(TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (wherein 0.4≤r*<0.875, preferably 0.4≤r*≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r*≤0.6, and more particularly preferably r*=0.5). TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O are preferred. TA=Li, TD=Si, E=Eu and XB=O are particularly preferred. The conversion material comprises at least one second luminescent material, which is designed to partially convert primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation in the operation of the lighting device, especially the conversion LED, and the secondary electromagnetic radiation is located in the red spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0525] According to at least one embodiment, the luminescent material has the formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (where 0.2<r≤0.4, preferably 0.2<r≤0.3, and particularly preferably r=0.25), (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (wherein 0≤r'≤1, preferably 0.25≤r'≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r'≤0.6), (K1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (wherein 0<r″<0.5 and 0<r″′<0.5, preferably 0.1<r″<0.4 and 0.1<r″′<0.4, particularly preferably 0.2<r″<0.3 and 0.2<r″′<0.3), (Cs, Na, K, Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, preferably (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )(TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (wherein 0.4≤r*<0.875, preferably 0.4≤r*≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r*≤0.6, and more particularly preferably r*=0.5). TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O are preferred. TA=Li, TD=Si, E=Eu and XB=O are particularly preferred. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is preferably located in the green spectral range and has a half-value width of less than 50nm. The conversion element includes a second luminescent material, which is designed to partially convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation during the operation of the lighting device, and the secondary electromagnetic radiation is located in the red spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. It is feasible that the conversion element is composed of the luminescent material and the second luminescent material or of the luminescent material, the second luminescent material and the matrix material. The conversion element or the conversion LED according to this embodiment, in particular, does not have other luminescent materials. Thereby, the luminescent material and the second luminescent material can therefore be present as the only luminescent materials in the conversion element or the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED. The superposition of primary radiation and secondary radiation in the red and green spectral ranges results in a white luminous impression.

[0526] Advantageously, a particularly large bandwidth of colors can be reproduced by means of the lighting device, in particular by means of the conversion LED according to this embodiment. As a result, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED according to this embodiment, is particularly suitable for backlighting applications for display elements, such as displays.

[0527] In LCD displays ("liquid crystal displays") and other displays, colors are restored by primary colors, i.e. red, green and blue. Therefore, the bandwidth of colors that can be restored at the display is limited by the chromaticity diagram of the colors red, green and blue. These colors are filtered out from the spectrum for backlighting by red filters, green filters and blue filters accordingly. However, the wavelength range of the transmitted radiation of the color filter is always still very wide. Therefore, it is necessary to have a very narrow-band emission in the green, blue and red spectral ranges, i.e. a light source with a small half-value width, so as to cover a color space as wide as possible. A semiconductor chip that mainly emits blue is combined with a luminescent material with a peak wavelength in the green spectral range and a luminescent material with a peak wavelength in the red spectral range as a light source for backlighting applications, wherein the luminescent material has a half-value width that is as small as possible for emission. In an ideal case, the emission peak overlaps with the transmission area of ​​the corresponding filter in order to lose as little light as possible, achieve maximum efficiency and reduce crosstalk or superposition of different color channels, which limits the color space that can be achieved.

[0528] Since the luminescent material (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E(where 0.2<r≤0.4),(Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E(where 0≤r'≤1),(K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (where 0<r”<0.5 and 0<r”'<0.5), (Cs, Na, K, Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4:E (where 0.4≤r*<0.875), for example (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.25 K 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu or (Rb 0.5 Na 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 Due to the small half-value width of Eu, the emission peak shows a very large overlap with the transmission area of ​​a standard green filter (with a half-value width in the typical range of 70nm to 120nm), so that only a small amount of light is lost and the achievable color space is large. In particular, luminescent materials with a small half-value width, such as K 2 SiF 6 :Mn、Mg 4 GeO 5.5 F:Mn、SrLi 3 Al 3 O 4 :Eu or Sr(Sr,Ca)Si 2 Al 2 N 6 Eu is used as the second luminescent material. In particular, the combination of green and red luminescent materials with a small half-value width results in covering a large color space.

[0529] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, is designed to emit white radiation. r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Na r K 1-r )Li 3 SiO 4:E, wherein 0.05<r≤0.2, preferably 0.1<r≤0.2 and E=Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn, preferably E=Eu. For example, the luminescent material is Na 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The luminescent material preferably emits a spectral range from green to red in a broadband manner. In combination with the blue primary radiation, the total radiation shows a very large overlap with the transmission areas of the standard green filter, the red filter and the blue filter, so that only a small amount of light is lost and the achievable color space is large. Therefore, it is advantageously possible that the conversion element is composed of the luminescent material or of the luminescent material and a matrix material. The conversion element or lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, in particular does not have other luminescent materials. Thereby, the luminescent material can therefore exist as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, in particular the conversion LED. Thereby, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED is particularly suitable for backlighting applications.

[0530] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit green radiation. r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (where 0.2<r≤0.4, preferably 0.2<r≤0.3, and particularly preferably r=0.25), (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (wherein 0≤r'≤1, preferably 0.25≤r'≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r'≤0.6), (K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (wherein 0<r″<0.5 and 0<r″′<0.5, preferably 0.1<r″<0.4 and 0.1<r″′<0.4, particularly preferably 0.2<r″<0.3 and 0.2<r″′<0.3), (Cs, Na, K, Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, preferably (Cs 0.25 Na0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )(TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (wherein 0.4≤r*<0.875, preferably 0.4≤r*≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r*≤0.6, and more particularly preferably r*=0.5). TA=Li, TD=Si, XB=O are preferred. TA=Li, TD=Si, E=Eu and XB=O are particularly preferred. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is particularly located in the green spectral range and has a half-value width of less than 50nm. It is feasible that the conversion element is composed of the luminescent material or of the luminescent material and a matrix material. The conversion element or lighting device, in particular the conversion LED according to this embodiment, in particular, does not have other luminescent materials. Thereby, the luminescent material can therefore exist as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, in particular the conversion LED.

[0531] On the one hand, green-emitting diodes that emit radiation in the green wavelength range can be obtained by directly emitting green semiconductor chips or conversion LEDs having semiconductor chips and green luminescent materials. Directly emitting green semiconductor chips exhibit very low quantum efficiencies. In conversion LEDs, on the one hand, the primary radiation is completely converted into green secondary radiation (complete conversion) or, on the other hand, it is only partially converted into green secondary radiation (partial conversion) and the remaining portion of the primary radiation is filtered out by means of a filter, so that the lighting device emits only or almost only secondary radiation, in particular green secondary radiation.

[0532] Conventionally, (Y,Lu) 3 (Al,Ga) 5 O 12 : Ce, orthosilicates or oxynitrided orthosilicates are used as green luminescent materials. Conventional conversion LEDs often have low efficiency and color purity. To circumvent this disadvantage, filters are used to match the emission. Of course, this has a negative impact on the total power of the conversion LED.

[0533] On the contrary, with the formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4:E(where 0.2<r≤0.4),(Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :(where 0≤r'≤1),(K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (where 0<r”<0.5 and 0<r”'<0.5), (Cs, Na, K, Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, preferably (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )(TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (where 0.4≤r*<0.875), for example (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.25 K 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu or (Rb 0.5 Na 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4The lighting device of the green luminescent material according to the present invention, in particular the conversion LED, is very efficient and exhibits high color purity and high power even without the use of filters.

[0534] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit white radiation. r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0.4<r≤1, preferably 0.45<r≤1, more preferably r=0.5 or 1. Preference is given to TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O. Alternatively, the luminescent material has the formula (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0<r*<0.4, for example r*=0.05; 0.1; 0.15; 0.2; 0.25; 0.3; 0.35, preferably 0.1≤r*≤0.35, particularly preferably 0.2≤r*≤0.3, more particularly preferably r*=0.25 or (Cs, Na, Rb, Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (Cs, Na, K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E and (Rb,Na,K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E. Preferably, TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O. For example, the luminescent material has the formula NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu、(Rb 0.25 Na 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 R 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO4 :Eu, (Cs 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu and (Rb 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is preferably located in the blue spectral range, especially in the range between 450nm and 500nm. The conversion element includes a second luminescent material and a third luminescent material, wherein the second luminescent material is designed to partially convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into a secondary electromagnetic radiation, which is located in the red spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum, and the third luminescent material is designed to convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into a secondary electromagnetic radiation during the operation of the lighting device, which is located in the green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. It is feasible that the conversion element is composed of the luminescent material, the second luminescent material and the third luminescent material or is composed of the luminescent material, the second luminescent material and the third luminescent material and the matrix material. The conversion element or lighting device according to this embodiment, especially the conversion type LED, in particular, does not have other luminescent materials. Thereby, the luminescent material and the second luminescent material and the third luminescent material can therefore exist as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, especially the conversion type LED. The superposition of the secondary radiation in the blue, red and green spectral ranges excites the luminous impression of white. The lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, is particularly suitable for general lighting applications.

[0535] Known white-emitting conversion LEDs use semiconductor chips that emit blue primary radiation and at least one red and green luminescent material. White light is generated by superposition of blue primary radiation and red secondary radiation and green secondary radiation. The disadvantage of this solution is that epitaxially grown semiconductor chips, for example based on GaN or InGaN, can have fluctuations in the peak wavelength of the emitted primary radiation. This causes fluctuations in the total radiation of the white color, such as changes in the color position and color reproduction, because the primary radiation contributes to the blue portion of the total radiation. This is particularly problematic when multiple semiconductor chips are used in a device. In order to prevent fluctuations, the semiconductor chips are sorted ("binning") according to their color position. The narrower the tolerance is set on the wavelength of the emitted primary radiation, the higher the quality of the device, which is composed of more than one semiconductor chip. However, after sorting with narrow tolerances, the peak wavelength of the semiconductor chip can also change significantly under varying operating temperatures and on-state currents. In general lighting applications and other applications, this can cause changes in optical properties, such as color position and color temperature. Furthermore, conventional solutions in the range of 450 nm to 500 nm of the electromagnetic spectrum produce spectral gaps in the emission spectrum in which no light or only very little light is emitted, which results in a reduction in the color reproduction factor compared to a reference light source.

[0536] Luminescent material (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E(where 0.4<r≤1, for example NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu)、(Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E(where 0<r*<0.4),(Cs,Na,Rb,Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (Cs, Na, K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb,Na,K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Na 0.5 K0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu can be effectively excited with primary radiation of 300nm to 440nm. The combination of semiconductor chips, for example based on GaInN, with primary radiation of 300nm to 440nm causes secondary radiation emitted in the blue spectral range, which is stable over a significantly wider temperature range and a larger range of on-state current. Since the primary radiation of 300nm to 440nm is invisible or almost invisible, various semiconductor chips can be used as primary radiation sources, thereby obtaining a constant and stable emission spectrum of the conversion LED. Therefore, it is possible to avoid or simplify the costly "sorting" of semiconductor chips and improve efficiency. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material in the range of 450nm and 500nm is used to increase the emission in this range. This can advantageously improve the color reproduction coefficient.

[0537] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit white radiation. 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :E, wherein 0<y*<0.875; preferably 0<y*≤0.5, particularly preferably 0<y*≤0.3, and more particularly preferably 0<y*≤0.1, such as Na 0.97 Ca 0.03 Li 2.94 Al 0.09 Si 0.97 O 3.8 8 N 0.12:Eu. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is preferably in the blue or green spectral range, especially between 470nm and 560nm, preferably in the range between 470nm and 520nm. The conversion element especially includes a second luminescent material and a third luminescent material, wherein the second luminescent material is designed to partially convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into a secondary electromagnetic radiation, which is located in the red spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum, and the third luminescent material is designed to partially convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into a secondary electromagnetic radiation during the operation of the lighting device, which is located in the green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Here, the third luminescent material especially has a secondary electromagnetic radiation with a peak wavelength greater than 520nm. It is feasible that the conversion element is composed of the luminescent material, the second luminescent material and the third luminescent material or is composed of the luminescent material, the second luminescent material and the third luminescent material and the matrix material. According to this embodiment, the conversion element or lighting device, especially the conversion type LED, especially does not have other luminescent materials. Thereby, the luminescent material and the second luminescent material and the third luminescent material can therefore be used as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, especially the conversion type LED. The superposition of the secondary radiation results in a white luminous impression. 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :E also emits radiation in the range of 450nm to 500nm of the electromagnetic spectrum. When using standard luminescent materials, there are often spectral gaps in the total emission spectrum, in which no light or only very little light is emitted. As a result, the total radiation covers the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum almost continuously, so that the total radiation has a high color reproduction coefficient. The lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, is particularly suitable for general lighting applications.

[0538] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit white radiation. The phosphor has the formula Sr(Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4:E, where 0.25≤r**≤1, preferably 0.25<r**<0.875, and particularly preferably 0.4≤r**≤0.8. Preferably E=Eu. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is preferably in the yellow to red spectral range. The conversion element can include another luminescent material, in which a white luminous impression is generated by superposition of secondary radiation and / or primary radiation and secondary radiation. Because the luminescent material Sr(Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 The peak wavelength of E can be located in the yellow to red spectral range depending on the proportion of r**. The selection of another luminescent material for generating white light within the conversion LED is similar to the luminescent material Sr(Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 :E is related to its peak wavelength.

[0539] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit radiation in the yellow to red spectral range. 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :Eu, wherein 0<y**≤1, preferably 0<y**<0.875 or 0<y**<0.5, particularly preferably 0.05≤y**≤0.45, more particularly preferably 0.1≤y**≤0.4, 015≤y**≤0.35 or 0.2≤y**≤0.3. It is feasible that the conversion element is composed of the luminescent material or of the luminescent material and a matrix material. The conversion element or lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, in particular does not have other luminescent materials. Thereby, the luminescent material can therefore exist as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, in particular the conversion LED.

[0540] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit radiation in the yellow or yellow-orange spectral range. 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y**N 4y** :Eu, where 0.1≤y**≤0.4, 0.15≤y**≤0.35 or 0.2≤y**≤0.3. The conversion light emitting diode of this embodiment is particularly suitable for use in warning lights and flashing lights in motor vehicles. The inventors indicate that the color position of the total radiation of the conversion light emitting diode of this embodiment lies in the color space defined by ECE / UNECE for flashing lights in European motor vehicles and in the color space defined by SAE for flashing lights in North American motor vehicles.

[0541] In particular, the primary electromagnetic radiation is almost completely transmitted through the luminescent material Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :Eu absorbs and emits in the form of secondary electromagnetic radiation. Therefore, the emitted radiation or total radiation of the lighting device, especially the conversion LED according to this embodiment, corresponds almost completely to the secondary electromagnetic radiation.

[0542] On the one hand, yellow or orange-yellow emitting diodes can be obtained by semiconductor chips based on InGaAlP that emit directly in this spectral range or conversion LEDs having semiconductor chips and yellow luminescent materials. However, semiconductor chips that emit directly yellow have a very low quantum efficiency compared to conversion LEDs.

[0543] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit blue radiation. r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0.4<r≤1, preferably 0.45<r≤1, more preferably r=0.5. Preference is given to TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O. Alternatively, the luminescent material has the formula (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0<r*<0.4, preferably 0.1≤r*≤0.35, particularly preferably 0.2≤r*≤0.3, and more particularly preferably r*=0.25 or (Cs, Na, Rb, Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB)4 :E, (Cs, Na, K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E and (Rb,Na,K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E. For example, the luminescent material has the formula NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu、(Rb 0.25 Na 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu or (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 R 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Cs 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu or (Rb 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is preferably in the blue spectral range. It is possible that the conversion element consists of the luminescent material or consists of the luminescent material and a matrix material. The conversion element or lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, in particular has no other luminescent material, whereby the luminescent material can therefore be present as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, in particular the conversion LED. Advantageously, it is possible with the lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, to realize a large number of color positions in the blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum that have not been realized so far.

[0544] Lighting devices, in particular conversion LEDs according to this embodiment, are suitable, for example, for signal lights, such as blue lights for police cars, ambulances, emergency vehicles or fire trucks. Since these signal lights are very bright on the one hand and must be in a specific color range on the other hand (usually with a dominant wavelength between 465 nm and 480 nm), not all blue light sources are suitable for this application. On the other hand, luminescent materials (Na r K 1-r )1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (where 0.4<r≤1), especially having (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu or (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (where 0<r*<0.4), especially having (Rb 0.25 Na 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu lighting devices, especially conversion LEDs, are suitable for suppressing the production of melatonin in humans. Also suitable for this are (Cs, Na, Rb, Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (Cs, Na, K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E and (Rb,Na,K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, that is, for example (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 R 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Cs 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu and (Rb 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4:Eu. TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O are preferably applicable to the luminescent material. As a result, the lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, can be used in a targeted manner to increase alertness and / or concentration ability. For example, the lighting device can help to overcome jet lag more quickly. In addition, the luminescent material or the lighting device having the luminescent material, in particular the conversion LED, is suitable for "color on demand" applications, i.e. for lighting devices, in particular conversion LEDs, with a blue color position that matches consumer expectations, for example to achieve specific brand-specific or product-specific colors, for example in advertising or also in the design of car interiors.

[0545] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit blue or green radiation. 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :E, wherein 0<y*<0.875, preferably 0<y*≤0.5, particularly preferably 0<y*≤0.3, and more particularly preferably 0<y*≤0.1. For example, the luminescent material has the formula Na 0.97 Ca 0.03 Li 2.94 Al 0.09 Si 0.97 O 3.88 N 0.12 :Eu. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is located in the blue or green spectral range. It is feasible that the conversion element is composed of the luminescent material or is composed of the luminescent material and the matrix material. The conversion element or lighting device according to this embodiment, especially the conversion LED, in particular does not have other luminescent materials, whereby the luminescent material can therefore exist as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, especially the conversion LED. Advantageously, a large number of color positions in the green range of the electromagnetic spectrum can be achieved by means of the lighting device according to this embodiment, especially the conversion LED. The conversion light emitting diode or lighting device of this embodiment is particularly suitable for applications in which saturated green emission is required, such as for example for video projection, head-up display in cinemas, offices or homes, for light sources with adjustable color reproduction coefficients or color temperatures, light sources with spectrums matching the application, such as store lighting or FCI lamps ("feeling of contrast index"). FCI lamps are lighting devices that are intended to produce white light with a particularly high color contrast coefficient. The conversion light emitting diode or lighting device of this embodiment is also suitable for colored spotlights, wall lighting or sports floodlights, in particular in stage lighting.

[0546] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit yellow to red radiation. The phosphor has the formula Sr(Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 :E, wherein 0.25≤r**≤1, preferably 0.25<r**≤0.875, and particularly preferably 0.4≤r**≤0.8. Preferably, E=Eu. For example, the luminescent material has the formula SrSiAl 0.84 Li 2.16 O 1.32 N 2.68 :Eu 2+ . In particular, the primary radiation is completely or almost completely converted into secondary radiation by the luminescent material, so that the total radiation completely or almost completely corresponds to the secondary radiation. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is in the yellow to red spectral range. It is possible that the conversion element consists of the luminescent material or consists of the luminescent material and a matrix material. The conversion element or lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular a conversion LED, in particular has no other luminescent material, and the luminescent material can therefore be present as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, in particular a conversion LED. Advantageously, a large number of color positions in the yellow to red range of the electromagnetic spectrum can be achieved with the lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular a conversion LED.

[0547] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit white radiation. The luminescent material has the following general chemical formula:

[0548] S L 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x**:Eu, wherein 0<x**≤1.0, preferably 0<x**<0.875, particularly preferably 0.125≤x**<0.875 or 0.125≤x**≤0.5, and more particularly preferably 0.125≤x**≤0.45. Preferably, E=Eu. Here, it is advantageously possible that the conversion element is composed of the luminescent material or of the luminescent material and a matrix material. The conversion element or lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, in particular does not have other luminescent materials. Thus, the luminescent material can therefore be present as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, in particular the conversion LED. The total radiation consists of primary radiation and secondary radiation. The lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, in particular emits warm white radiation having a color temperature of less than 3600K, in particular 3400K±100K. The color position of the total radiation can advantageously be close to the Planck curve. Thus, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, is particularly suitable for general lighting, for example, for living rooms.

[0549] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit green to red radiation. The phosphor has the formula SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu, wherein 0<x**≤1.0, preferably 0<x**<0.875, particularly preferably 0.125≤x**<0.875 or 0.125≤x**≤0.5, and more particularly preferably 0.125≤x**≤0.45. Depending on the proportion of x**, the peak wavelength of the luminescent material is located in the green to red spectral range. It is feasible that the conversion element is composed of the luminescent material or of the luminescent material and a matrix material. The conversion element or lighting device, in particular the conversion LED according to this embodiment, in particular has no other luminescent materials, whereby the luminescent material can therefore be present as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, in particular the conversion LED. Advantageously, a large number of color positions in the green to red range of the electromagnetic spectrum can be achieved with the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, according to this embodiment.

[0550] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit white radiation. The luminescent material has the following general chemical formula:

[0551] (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0.05<r≤0.2, preferably 0.1<r≤0.2, especially Na0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. Here, it is advantageously possible that the conversion element is composed of the luminescent material or of the luminescent material and a matrix material. The conversion element or lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, in particular does not have any other luminescent material. Thereby, the luminescent material can therefore be present as the only luminescent material in the conversion element or lighting device, in particular the conversion LED. The total radiation consists of primary radiation and secondary radiation. The lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, in particular emits cold white radiation with a color temperature greater than 8000K. In addition, a high color reproduction coefficient can be achieved without another luminescent material. Thereby, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, is particularly suitable for general lighting, for example, in offices.

[0552] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion light emitting diode, comprises a filter or filter particles which absorbs primary radiation and / or partially absorbs secondary radiation. If the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, is used for backlighting a display element, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, comprises a filter or filter particles which absorbs primary radiation and / or partially absorbs secondary radiation.

[0553] In one embodiment, the filter is a filter system of the colors red, green and blue.

[0554] In one embodiment, the filter system has a half-value width in the range of 70 nm to 120 nm for the colors red, green and blue, respectively.

[0555] The filter system preferably has a blue filter, a green filter and a red filter, which filter the total radiation into light of a first transmission spectrum, a second transmission spectrum and a third transmission spectrum.

[0556] In one embodiment, the emission of the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, and the transmission of the filter system are selected such that the maxima are at similar wavelengths, so that only a small amount of reabsorption occurs at the filter system.

[0557] In one embodiment, the one or more luminescent materials are distributed homogeneously in the conversion element.

[0558] In one embodiment, the one or more luminescent materials are distributed in the conversion element in a concentration gradient.

[0559] In one embodiment, a luminescent material having a smaller peak wavelength is disposed downstream of one or more luminescent materials having a longer peak wavelength in order to reduce absorption losses.

[0560] In one embodiment, the one or more luminescent materials are particles of the respective luminescent materials.

[0561] The particles of the luminescent material can independently of one another have an average particle size of between 1 μm and 50 μm, preferably between 5 μm and 40 μm, particularly preferably between 8 μm and 35 μm, very particularly preferably between 8 μm and 30 μm. With this particle size, the primary radiation or the secondary radiation is advantageously scattered to a small extent at the particles and / or is scattered predominantly in the forward direction, which reduces efficiency losses.

[0562] In one embodiment, the conversion element consists of a phosphor and a matrix material or of a plurality of phosphors and a matrix material.

[0563] In one embodiment, the conversion element is designed as a thin plate.

[0564] In one embodiment, the sheet metal has a thickness of 1 μm to 1 mm, preferably 10 μm to 150 μm, particularly preferably 25 μm to 100 μm.

[0565] The layer thickness of the entire pane can be uniform, so that a constant color position can be achieved over the entire surface of the pane.

[0566] In one embodiment, the conversion element can be a ceramic plate, which is to be understood as meaning that the plate consists of sintered particles of one or more luminescent materials.

[0567] In one embodiment, the thin plate includes a matrix material, such as glass, by embedding one or more luminescent materials. The thin plate can also be formed with a matrix material, such as glass, and one or more luminescent materials. Silicone resins, epoxy resins, polysilazanes, polymethacrylates and polycarbonates and combinations thereof can also be used as matrix materials for the thin plate.

[0568] According to one embodiment, the conversion element is designed as a thin plate which is arranged above the primary radiation source or the layer sequence.

[0569] The conversion element can be arranged directly on the primary radiation source or the layer sequence in the form of a thin plate. It is possible for the thin plate to cover the entire surface of the primary radiation source or the layer sequence, in particular the radiation exit surface.

[0570] The lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, can comprise a housing. In the housing, a recess can be present in the middle. The primary radiation source or the layer sequence can be arranged in the recess. It is also possible that one or more other primary radiation sources or layer sequences in the primary radiation source or layer sequence are arranged in the recess.

[0571] It is possible to fill the recess with an encapsulation compound which covers the primary radiation source or the layer sequence. However, the recess can also be formed by a cavity.

[0572] In one embodiment, the conversion element is arranged above the recess of the housing. In this embodiment, in particular, there is no direct and / or form-fitting contact between the conversion element and the primary radiation source or the layer sequence. That is, there can be a distance between the conversion element and the primary radiation source or the layer sequence. In other words, the conversion element is arranged downstream of the primary radiation source or the layer sequence and is irradiated by the primary radiation. An encapsulation material or an air gap can then be formed between the conversion element and the primary radiation source or the layer sequence. This arrangement can be referred to as "remote phosphor conversion".

[0573] In one embodiment, the conversion element is part of the encapsulation of the primary radiation source or of the layer sequence or the conversion element forms the encapsulation.

[0574] In one embodiment, the conversion element is designed as a layer. The layer can be arranged above the radiation exit surface of the primary radiation source or of the layer stack or above the radiation exit surface and side surfaces of the primary radiation source or of the layer stack.

[0575] A lighting device, in particular a use of a conversion LED is proposed. All features of the lighting device and the conversion LED are disclosed for the use thereof and vice versa.

[0576] The invention proposes the use of lighting devices, in particular conversion LEDs, for display devices, in particular displays for backlighting, for example, displays of television sets, such as liquid crystal displays, displays of computer monitors, displays of tablet computers and smart phones.

[0577] In order to backlight the display element, the lighting device used, in particular the conversion LED, must have high brightness on the one hand and cover a large color space on the other hand. Known filter systems for backlighting in conversion LEDs consist of three or four filters (blue, green and red or blue, green, yellow and red). The filters usually have a half-value width in the range of typically 70nm to 120nm. The transmission results from the superposition of the three filters, which results in a range of the visible light spectrum in which complete transmission is not achieved. This causes a certain proportion of the emitted light to be absorbed by the filter in the broadband spectrum of the conversion LED, which backlights the filter. Therefore, in order to obtain the maximum amount of light from the conversion LED on the display plane, narrow-band luminescent materials are required. In addition, in order to obtain high color saturation, it is important that each emission spectrum of the conversion LED responds as much as possible to only one color of the filter system.

[0578] Surprisingly, the lighting device according to the invention, in particular the conversion LED, is very well suited for backlighting displays. The lighting device, in particular the conversion LED with the conversion element, which comprises a luminescent material of the formula (Na 2 O ) has been shown to be particularly suitable for backlighting display elements, because the peak wavelength of the luminescent material lies in the green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum and has a half-value width of less than 50 nm. r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (where 0.2<r≤0.4, preferably 0.2<r≤0.3, more preferably r=0.25), (Rb r' Li 1-r' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (wherein 0≤r'≤1, preferably 0.25≤r'≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r'≤0.6), (K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (wherein 0<r″<0.5 and 0<r″′<0.5, preferably 0.1<r″<0.4 and 0.1<r″′<0.4, particularly preferably 0.2<r″<0.3 and 0.2<r″′<0.3), (Cs, Na, K, Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, preferably (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )(TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4:E, (wherein 0.4≤r*<1.0, preferably 0.4≤r*≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r*≤0.6, and more particularly preferably r*=0.5) luminescent material. Since the half-value width of the luminescent material according to the present invention is small, the emission peak shows a very large overlap with the transmission range of the standard green filter, so that only a small amount of light is lost and the color space that can be achieved is large.

[0579] The lighting device, in particular the conversion LED having a conversion element, is also suitable for backlighting of displays, wherein the conversion element comprises a conversion element of the formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0.05<r≤0.2, preferably 0.1<r≤0.2.

[0580] The invention provides a lighting device, in particular a conversion LED, for use in warning lights and flashing lights in motor vehicles. The lighting device, in particular a conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit orange or yellow-orange radiation. The luminescent material preferably has the formula Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :Eu, where 0.1≤y**≤0.4, 015≤y**≤0.35 or 0.2≤y**≤0.3.

[0581] The invention proposes the use of lighting devices, in particular conversion LEDs, in blue light sources for reducing melatonin production or for color-on-demand applications. The lighting device, in particular the conversion light-emitting diode, is designed to emit blue radiation. The luminescent material preferably has the formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0.4<r≤1, preferably 0.45<r≤1, more preferably r=0.5. Preference is given to TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O. For example, the luminescent material has the formula (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 Alternatively, the luminescent material has the formula (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB)4 :E, wherein 0<r*<0.4, preferably 0.1≤r*≤0.35, particularly preferably 0.2≤r*≤0.3, and more particularly preferably r*=0.25. For example, the luminescent material has the formula (Rb 0.25 Na 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. Alternatively, the luminescent material has the formula (Cs, Na, Rb, Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (Cs, Na, K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb,Na,K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, for example (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 R 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Cs 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu or (Rb 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is preferably in the blue spectral range.

[0582] By reducing melatonin production, it can improve alertness and / or the ability to concentrate.

[0583] The invention proposes the use of a lighting device, in particular a conversion LED, for general lighting. The lighting device, in particular a conversion light emitting diode, is designed to emit white radiation, in particular warm white radiation with a color temperature of less than 3500K, preferably less than 3000K.

[0584] For general lighting, the luminescent material has, for example, the formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4:E, wherein 0≤r≤0.05, preferably r=0. Preferably TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O. For example, the luminescent material is KLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The luminescent material emits extremely broadband from the blue to red spectral range, so that a white luminous impression is produced. The lighting device according to this embodiment, in particular the conversion LED, in particular emits warm white radiation with a color temperature of less than 3500K, in particular less than 3000K.

[0585] For general lighting, the luminescent material can also have the following formula (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0.4<r≤1, preferably 0.45<r≤1, more preferably r=0.5 or 1. Preference is given to TA=Li, TD=Si and XB=O. For example, the luminescent material has the formula NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu or (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 Alternatively, the luminescent material has the formula (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, wherein 0<r*<0.4, preferably 0.1≤r*≤0.35, particularly preferably 0.2≤r*≤0.3, and more particularly preferably r*=0.25. For example, the luminescent material has the formula (Rb 0.25 Na 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. Alternatively, the luminescent material has the formula (Cs, Na, Rb, Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (Cs, Na, K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb,Na,K) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, for example (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25R 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu, (Cs 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu or (Rb 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is preferably in the blue spectral range, in particular in the range between 450nm and 500nm. The conversion element comprises a second luminescent material and a third luminescent material, wherein the second luminescent material is designed to partially convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation in the red spectral range, and the third luminescent material is designed to convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation in the green spectral range during operation of the lighting device.

[0586] For general lighting, the luminescent material can also have the following formula Na 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :E, wherein 0<y*≤0.875; preferably 0<y*≤0.5, particularly preferably 0<y*≤0.3, and more particularly preferably 0<y*≤0.1. The peak wavelength of the luminescent material is preferably in the blue or green spectral range. The conversion element comprises a second luminescent material and a third luminescent material, wherein the second luminescent material is designed to partially convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation in the red spectral range, and the third luminescent material is designed to convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation in the green spectral range during operation of the lighting device.

[0587] According to at least one embodiment, the display device is a display of a television, a smartphone, a computer display or a tablet computer.

[0588] According to at least one embodiment, the lighting device, in particular the conversion LED, comprises a conversion element comprising a r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (wherein 0.2<r≤0.4, preferably 0.2<r≤0.3, and particularly preferably r=0.25) or (Rb r'Li 1-r' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (wherein 0≤r'≤1, preferably 0.25≤r'≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r'≤0.6, and more particularly preferably r'=0.5), (K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E (wherein 0<r″<0.5 and 0<r″′<0.5, preferably 0.1<r″<0.4 and 0.1<r″′<0.4, particularly preferably 0.2<r″<0.3 and 0.2<r″′<0.3), (Cs, Na, K, Li) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, preferably (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )(TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E, (wherein 0.4≤r*<1.0, preferably 0.4≤r*≤0.75, particularly preferably 0.4≤r*≤0.6, and more particularly preferably r*=0.5) luminescent material. The conversion element comprises a second luminescent material, which is designed to partially convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation during operation of the lighting device, and the secondary electromagnetic radiation is located in the red spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Example

[0589] A first embodiment (AB1) of the luminescent material according to the invention has the chemical formula NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ (According to the amount of Na, Eu accounts for 2 mol% 2+ ) and is prepared as follows: Na 2 CO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 、SiO 2 and Eu2 O 3 The reactants were melted in an open nickel crucible in a stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the chemical formula. The weights of the reactants are recorded in Table 1 below. The nickel crucible with the mixed reactants was placed in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere (N 2 :H 2 =92.5:7.5) for one hour to about 1000° C. and then cooled. Further heating can be performed in the same nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere and at a temperature below the melting point of the luminescent material in order to further improve the optical properties of the luminescent material.

[0590] Table 1:

[0591]

[0592] The reactants of the luminescent material are commercially available and stable and also very inexpensive. The simple synthesis at relatively low temperatures makes the luminescent material very inexpensive in its production and therefore also very attractive in economic terms.

[0593] The phosphor of the first exemplary embodiment (AB1) exhibits emission in the blue spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0594] A second embodiment (AB2) of the luminescent material according to the invention has the chemical formula KLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ (Based on the amount of K, 2 mol% of Eu 2+ ) and is manufactured as follows: K 2 CO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 、SiO 2 and Eu 2 O 3 The reactants were melted in an open nickel crucible in a stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the chemical formula. The weights of the reactants are recorded in Table 2 below. The nickel crucible with the mixed reactants was placed in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere (N 2 :H 2 =92.5:7.5) for one hour to about 1000° C. and then cooled. Further heating can be performed in the same nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere and at a temperature below the melting point of the luminescent material in order to further improve the optical properties of the luminescent material.

[0595] Table 2:

[0596]

[0597] The phosphor of the second exemplary embodiment (AB2) exhibits a broad emission from the blue to the red spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum, thus emitting white, in particular warm-white, radiation with a color temperature of less than 3500 K.

[0598] A third embodiment (AB3) of the luminescent material according to the invention has the chemical formula (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ (2 mol% Eu based on the amount of Na and K 2+ ) or NaKLi 6 Si 2 O 8 :Eu 2+ And it is made as follows: K 2 CO 3 、Na 2 CO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 、SiO 2 and Eu 2 O 3 The reactants were melted in an open nickel crucible in a stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the chemical formula. The weights of the reactants are recorded in Table 3 below. The nickel crucible with the mixed reactants was placed in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere (N 2 :H 2 =92.5:7.5) for one to eight hours to 800°C to 1100°C and then cooled. Further heating can be performed in the same nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere and at a temperature below the melting point of the luminescent material to further improve the optical properties of the luminescent material.

[0599] Table 3:

[0600]

[0601]

[0602] The phosphor of the third exemplary embodiment (AB3) exhibits emission in the blue spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0603] A fourth embodiment (AB4) of the luminescent material according to the invention has the chemical formula (Na 0.25 K 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ (2 mol% Eu based on the amount of Na and K 2+ ) or NaK 3 Li 12 Si4 O 16 :Eu 2+ And it is made as follows: K 2 CO 3 、Na 2 CO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 、SiO 2 and Eu 2 O 3 The reactants were mixed in an open nickel crucible in a stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the chemical formula. The weights of the reactants are recorded in Table 4 below. The nickel crucible with the mixed reactants was placed in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere (N 2 :H 2 =92.5:7.5) for four hours to 900 to 1100°C and then cooled. Further heating can be performed in the same nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere and at a temperature below the melting point of the luminescent material to further improve the optical properties of the luminescent material.

[0604] Table 4:

[0605]

[0606] The phosphor of the fourth exemplary embodiment (AB4) exhibits emission in the green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0607] A fifth embodiment (AB5) of the luminescent material according to the invention has the chemical formula (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ (Press (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 ) accounts for 2 mol% of Eu 2+ ) or RbLiLi 6 Si 2 O 8 :Eu 2+ And it is manufactured as follows: Rb 2 CO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 、SiO 2 and Eu 2 O 3 The reactants were mixed in an open nickel crucible in a stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the chemical formula. The weights of the reactants are recorded in Table 5 below. The nickel crucible with the mixed reactants was placed in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere (N 2 :H 2=92.5:7.5) for four hours to about 1000° C. and then cooled. The obtained product was then ground to obtain a green powder.

[0608] Further heating can be performed under the same nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere and at a temperature below the melting point of the luminescent material in order to further improve the optical properties of the luminescent material.

[0609] Table 5:

[0610]

[0611] The phosphor of the fifth exemplary embodiment (AB5) exhibits emission in the green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0612] A sixth embodiment (AB6) of the luminescent material according to the invention has the chemical formula Na 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :Eu (where y* = 0.03; based on the amount of Na and Ca, Eu 2+ is about 2 mol%) and is produced as follows: CaO, NaF, NiN 3 , Li 2 O、LiAlH 4 , AlF 3 、SiO 2 and EuF 3 Heating to a maximum of 950° C. in a sealed tantalum ampoule in a stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the chemical formula. During the heating or combustion process, the ampoule is located in an evacuated glass tube in order to avoid oxidation of the ampoule (reducing stability) and thus to avoid explosion due to the vapor pressure of the reactants that evaporate during heating. After cooling to room temperature, the individual crystals of the luminescent material can be separated from the by-products and investigated for structural and optical aspects. The weights of the reactants are listed in the following Table 6.

[0613] Table 6:

[0614]

[0615]

[0616] The synthesis at relatively low temperatures makes the phosphor very cheap to produce and therefore also very attractive from an economical point of view. An average Ca content of 3 mol % based on the total amount of Na and Ca and a nitrogen content of 3 mol % based on the total amount of nitrogen and oxygen were determined by means of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of a single crystal of the phosphor, which corresponds to the formula Na 0.97 Ca 0.03 Li 2.94 Al 0.09 Si 0.97 O 3.88 N 0.12 :Eu consistent.

[0617] The phosphor of the sixth example (AB6) exhibits emission in the blue-green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0618] A seventh embodiment (AB7) of the luminescent material according to the invention has the chemical formula (Na 0.25 K 0.5 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ or NaK 2 Li(Li 3 SiO 4 ) 4 :Eu 2+ And it is made as follows: K 2 CO 3 、Na 2 CO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 、SiO 2 and Eu 2 O 3 The reactants were mixed in an open nickel crucible in a stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the chemical formula. The weights of the reactants are recorded in Table 7 below. The nickel crucible with the mixed reactants was placed in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere (N 2 :H 2 =92.5:7.5) for four hours to 750° C. and then cooled. Further heating can be performed under the same nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere and at a temperature below the melting point of the luminescent material in order to further improve the optical properties of the luminescent material. After cooling, agglomerates of bright green crystals are obtained, which are separated into individual crystals by grinding, for example, in an agate mortar.

[0619] Table 7:

[0620]

[0621]

[0622] The luminescent material of the seventh embodiment (AB7) exhibits emission in the green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. By single crystal diffraction analysis, it is possible to identify the chemical formula (Na 0.25 K 0.5 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ Assigned to the emissive material.

[0623] An eighth embodiment (AB8) of the luminescent material according to the invention has the chemical formula (Rb 0.5 Na 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ or RbNaLi 6 Si 2 O 8 :Eu 2+ And it is manufactured as follows: Rb 2 CO 3 、Na 2 CO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 、SiO 2 and Eu 2 O 3 The reactants were mixed in an open nickel crucible in a stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the chemical formula. The weights of the reactants are recorded in Table 8 below. The nickel crucible with the mixed reactants was placed in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere (N 2 :H 2 =92.5:7.5) for one to eight hours to a temperature between 700° C. and 1000° C. and then cooled. The obtained product is then ground to obtain a green powder.

[0624] Further heating can be performed under the same nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere and at a temperature below the melting point of the luminescent material in order to further improve the optical properties of the luminescent material.

[0625] Table 8:

[0626]

[0627] The phosphor of the eighth example (AB8) exhibits emission in the green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0628] A ninth embodiment (AB9) of the luminescent material according to the invention has the chemical formula (Rb 0.25 Na 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu2+ or RbNa 3 Li 12 Si 4 O 16 :Eu 2+ And is manufactured as follows: Rb 2 CO 3 、Na 2 CO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 、SiO 2 and Eu 2 O 3 The reactants were mixed in an open nickel crucible in a stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the chemical formula. The weights of the reactants are listed in Table 9 below. The nickel crucible with the mixed reactants was placed in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere (N 2 :H 2 =92.5:7.5) for one to eight hours to a temperature between 700° C. and 1000° C. and then cooled. The obtained product is then ground to obtain a green powder.

[0629] Further heating can be performed under the same nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere and at a temperature below the melting point of the luminescent material in order to further improve the optical properties of the luminescent material.

[0630] Table 9:

[0631]

[0632] The phosphor of the ninth example (AB9) exhibits emission in the blue spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0633] A tenth embodiment (AB10) of the luminescent material according to the present invention has the chemical formula Sr(Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 , where r** = 0.67 and thus has SrSiAl 0.84 Li 2.16 O 1.32 N 2.68 :Eu 2+ And it is manufactured as follows: NaLi 3 SiO 4 、SrO、LiAlH 4 and Eu 2 O 3The reactants were mixed in an open nickel crucible. The weights of the reactants are reported in Table 10 below. The nickel crucible with the mixed reactants was placed in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere (N 2 :H 2 =92.5:7.5) in a tube furnace for one to eight hours, preferably two to six hours, more preferably four hours to a temperature between 800° C. and 1000° C., preferably 900° C., and subsequently cooled.

[0634] Further heating can be performed under the same nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere and at a temperature below the melting point of the luminescent material in order to further improve the optical properties of the luminescent material.

[0635] Table 10:

[0636]

[0637]

[0638] The phosphor of the tenth example (AB10) exhibits emission in the yellow or yellow-orange spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. The composition of the tenth example was determined by means of single-crystal energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and single-crystal diffraction analysis.

[0639] An eleventh embodiment (AB11) of the luminescent material according to the present invention has the chemical formula Na 1-y** Eu y* Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :Eu, where y**=0.2224 and is produced as follows: CaO, LiF, LiN 3 , Li 2 O、LiAlH 4 、SiO 2 and EuF 3 Heating to a maximum of 900° C. in a sealed tantalum ampoule. During the heating or combustion process, the ampoule is located in an evacuated glass tube in order to avoid oxidation of the ampoule (reduced stability) and thus to avoid explosion due to the vapor pressure of the reactants that evaporate during heating. After cooling to room temperature, the individual orange crystals of the luminescent material can be separated from the by-products and investigated for structural and optical aspects. The weights of the reactants are listed in the following Table 11

[0640] Table 11:

[0641]

[0642] The phosphor of the eleventh example (AB11) exhibits emission in the yellow-orange spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0643] A twelfth embodiment (AB12) of the luminescent material according to the invention has the chemical formula SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu, where x**=0.2014 and is made as follows: SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu and LiN 3 Heating to a maximum of 900° C. in a sealed tantalum ampoule. During the heating or combustion process, the ampoule is located in an evacuated glass tube in order to avoid oxidation of the ampoule (reduced stability) and thus to avoid explosion due to the vapor pressure of the reactants that evaporate during heating. After cooling to room temperature, the individual yellow / green crystals of the luminescent material can be separated from the by-products and investigated for structural and optical aspects. The weights of the reactants are listed in the following Table 12

[0644] Table 12:

[0645]

[0646] The phosphor can be produced at relatively low temperatures of less than 1000° C., which enables a cost-effective synthesis.

[0647] The phosphor of the twelfth example (AB12) exhibits emission in the green to yellow spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0648] The chemical formula SrLi was prepared by mixing the reactants according to Table 13 below in an open nickel crucible. 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** Another embodiment of the luminescent material of Eu. A nickel crucible with mixed reactants is placed in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere (N 2 :H 2 = 92.5:7.5) at atmospheric pressure or slightly negative pressure in a tube furnace for one to 12 hours, preferably 4 to 8 hours to a temperature between 800° C. and 1200° C., preferably 900° C. and then cooled. After cooling to room temperature, individual yellow / green crystals can be isolated.

[0649] Table 13:

[0650]

[0651]

[0652]

[0653] A thirteenth embodiment (AB13) of the luminescent material according to the present invention has the chemical formula (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ And it was manufactured similarly to the eighth embodiment. The reactants are described in Table 14 below.

[0654] Table 14:

[0655]

[0656] The phosphor of the thirteenth example (AB13) exhibits emission in the green spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0657] A fourteenth embodiment (AB14) of the luminescent material according to the present invention has the chemical formula (Cs 0.25 Na 0.50 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ And it was manufactured similarly to the eighth embodiment. The reactants are described in Table 15 below.

[0658] Table 15:

[0659]

[0660]

[0661] The phosphor of the fourteenth example (AB14) exhibits emission in the blue spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0662] A fifteenth embodiment (AB15) of the luminescent material according to the present invention has the chemical formula (Rb 0.25 Na 0.50 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ And it was manufactured similarly to the eighth embodiment. The reactants are described in Table 16 below.

[0663] Table 16:

[0664]

[0665] The phosphor of the fifteenth example (AB15) exhibits emission in the blue spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0666] A sixteenth embodiment (AB16) of the luminescent material according to the present invention has the chemical formula (Rb 0.25 Na 0.25 Cs 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ And it was manufactured similarly to the eighth embodiment. The reactants are described in Table 17 below.

[0667] Table 17:

[0668]

[0669] The phosphor of the sixteenth example (AB16) exhibits emission in the blue spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0670] A seventeenth embodiment (AB17) of the luminescent material according to the present invention has the chemical formula (Na 0.125 K 0.875 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ or NaK 7 (Li 3 SiO 4 ) 8 :Eu 2+ And it is made as follows: K 2 CO 3 、Na 2 CO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 、SiO 2 and Eu 2 O 3 The reactants were mixed in an open nickel crucible in a stoichiometric ratio corresponding to the chemical formula. The weights of the reactants are recorded in Table 18 below. The nickel crucible with the mixed reactants was placed in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas atmosphere (N 2 :H 2 =92.5:7.5) for four hours to 1000° C. and then cooled at a constant cooling rate to 300° C. The furnace was switched off and after cooling to room temperature a yellow-green single crystal was isolated.

[0671] Table 18:

[0672]

[0673] The luminescent material of the seventeenth example (AB17) exhibits emission in the blue-green and yellow-orange spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0674] Further advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are apparent from the exemplary embodiments described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0675] Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 1C , Figure 1D , Figure 1E , Figure 1F A selection of feasible, electroneutral chemical formulas for substitution experiments is shown.

[0676] Figure 2 , Fig.13 , Fig.23 , Fig.38 , Fig.63 , Fig.68 , Fig.74 , Fig.82 , Fig.83 , Fig.92 , Fig.93 , Fig.102 , Fig.103 , Fig.105 , Fig.112 , Fig.118b , Fig.129 , Fig.131 , Fig.133 , Fig.135 , Figure 152b , Fig.154 , Fig.161 , Fig.163 The emission spectra of an embodiment of a luminescent material according to the invention are shown.

[0677] Figure 3 , Fig.14 , Fig.24 , Fig.39 , Fig.64 , Fig.84 , Fig.94 , Fig.104 , Fig.130 , Fig.132 , Fig.134 , Fig.136 The Kubelka-Munk function is shown for an exemplary embodiment of a phosphor according to the invention.

[0678] Figure 4 , Fig.43 , Fig.66 , Fig.70 , Fig.76 , Fig.86 , Fig.96 , Fig.121 , Fig.123 A comparison of optical characteristics of an embodiment of the luminescent material according to the present invention and a comparative example is shown.

[0679] Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Fig.44 , Fig.67 , Fig.69 , Fig.75 , Fig.85 , Fig.95 , Fig.122 Comparison of emission spectra of Examples and Comparative Examples is shown.

[0680] Figure 7 A comparison of the Kubelka-Munk functions of the embodiment and the comparative example is shown.

[0681] Figure 8 , Fig.18 , Fig.25 , Fig.71 , Fig.77 , Fig.78 , Fig.88 , Fig.97 , Fig.107 , Fig.114 , Fig.137 , Fig.138 , Fig.139 , Fig.140 , Fig.160 , Fig.171 , Fig.172 , Fig.173 A detail of a crystal structure for an example of a luminescent material according to the present invention is shown.

[0682] Fig. 9 , Fig.19 , Fig.40 , Fig.65 , Fig.111 , Fig.118a , Fig.177 Shown using copper-K α1 Radiation or Mo-K α1 Powder diffraction pattern of X-ray diffraction of radiation.

[0683] Fig.10 , Fig. 20 , Fig.26 , Fig.89 , Fig.98 , Fig.141 , Fig.142 , Fig.143 , Fig.144 A Rietveld refinement of an X-ray powder diffraction pattern of an example of a luminescent material according to the invention is shown.

[0684] Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.21 , Fig. 22 , Fig. 27 , Fig.28 , Fig.72 , Fig.73 , Fig.79 , Fig.80 , Fig.81 , Fig.90 , Fig.91 , Fig.99 , Fig.100 , Fig.108 , Fig.109 , Fig.110 , Fig.115 , Fig.116 , Fig.117 , Fig.126 , Fig.127 , Fig.128 , Figures 145 to 151 , Figure 152a , Fig.158 , Fig.159 , Fig.174 , Fig.175 , Fig.176 Characteristic properties of an embodiment of the luminescent material according to the invention are shown.

[0685] Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.124 A comparison of the emission spectra of a conversion LED having an embodiment of a phosphor according to the invention and a comparative example is shown.

[0686] Fig.17 , Fig.125 , Fig.164 , Fig.167 A comparison of the optical characteristics of a conversion LED having an embodiment of a phosphor according to the present invention and a comparative example is shown.

[0687] Fig.29 Comparison of emission spectra of the embodiment and comparative example and sensitivity curves for melatonin production are shown.

[0688] Fig.30 Shown is the superposition of the emission spectra of different luminescent materials and different LEDs emitting in the blue color with the sensitivity curves generated by melatonin.

[0689] Fig.31 , Fig.120 , Fig.165 The color positions of various phosphors in the CIE standard colorimetric table (1931) are shown.

[0690] Fig.32 , Fig.33 , Fig.34 A comparison of color purity is shown when the dominant wavelength of the primary radiation of the embodiment and the comparative example is different.

[0691] Fig.35 , Fig.36 , Fig.37 , Fig.166 , Fig.168 Simulated LED spectra at different excitation wavelengths are shown.

[0692] Fig.41 The reflection positions and relative intensities of reflections of an X-ray diffraction powder diffraction pattern of an example of a luminescent material according to the present invention are shown.

[0693] Fig.42 , Fig.87 , Fig.101 The thermal quenching characteristics of an embodiment of a luminescent material according to the present invention are shown compared to a conventional luminescent material.

[0694] Fig.45 The illustration shows the coverage of the color space rec2020 by different combinations of green and red phosphors.

[0695] Figures 46 to 53 A graphical representation of the color space rec2020 is shown with an overlay of different combinations of green and red phosphors.

[0696] Fig.54A , Fig.54B and Fig.54C The overlay of different standard color spaces and color locations of the filtered spectra of different combinations of green and red phosphors is shown.

[0697] Figure 55 to Figure 58 The expanded color space of the filtered spectra is shown for different combinations of green and red phosphors when excited with a primary radiation λdom=448 nm.

[0698] Figure 59 to Figure 62 Shown are simulated emission spectra of conversion LEDs having different combinations of green and red phosphors.

[0699] Figures 178 to 180 Shown are schematic side views of various specific embodiments of the conversion LEDs described here.

[0700] Fig.106 , Fig.113 , Fig.119 , Fig.153 , Fig.155 , Fig.162 The optical characteristics of the examples are shown.

[0701] Fig.156 and Fig.157 The dependence of the peak wavelength on the unit cell volume is shown.

[0702] Fig.169 and Fig.170The unfolded color space of the filtered total radiation of various conversion LEDs is shown.

[0703] Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 1C , Figure 1D , Figure 1E and Figure 1F A table with possible, electrically neutral luminescent materials which can be similar to the chemical formula (MA) by substitution experiments is shown. a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC) m (XD) n The substitutions shown are only exemplary, and other substitutions are also possible. The activators E are each shown only in the general formula, not in the specific embodiments, but are nevertheless present in the specific embodiments.

[0704] exist Figure 2 The chemical formula NaLi 3 SiO 4 The emission spectrum of the first embodiment AB1 of the luminescent material according to the invention is shown in Figure 1. The wavelength in nanometers is plotted on the x-axis and the emission intensity in percent is plotted on the y-axis. To measure the emission spectrum, the luminescent material according to the invention is excited with primary radiation of a wavelength of 400 nm. The luminescent material has a wavelength of 32 nm or 1477 cm -1 The half-value width and the main wavelength of 473nm, the peak wavelength is approximately at 469nm.

[0705] Figure 3 The normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) for the first exemplary embodiment (AB1) of the phosphor according to the invention is plotted against the wavelength λ in nm. K / S is calculated as follows:

[0706] K / S=(1-R inf ) 2 / 2R inf , where R inf Corresponding to the diffuse reflection (Remission) of the luminescent material.

[0707] from Figure 3It can be seen that the maximum K / S of the first embodiment (AB1) of the luminescent material according to the invention is located at about 360 nm. A high K / S value indicates a high absorption in this range. The luminescent material can be efficiently excited with primary radiation from about 300 nm to 430 nm or 440 nm.

[0708] exist Figure 4 In the first comparative example (VB1: BaMgAl 10 O 17 :Eu), the second comparative example (VB2:Sr 5 (PO 4 ) 3 Cl:Eu), the third comparative example (VB3:BaMgAl 10 O 17 :Eu) and the first embodiment of the luminescent material according to the present invention NaLi 3 SiO 4 : Eu(AB1) half value width (FWHM), peak wavelength (λ peak ), dominant wavelength (λ dom ) and light output (LER). VB1 and VB3 differ in the concentration of Eu. All luminescent materials emit radiation in the blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum. The luminescent material NaLi according to the invention 3 SiO 4 : The peak wavelength of Eu is slightly longer than that of the comparative example. As can be seen, the luminescent material NaLi according to the present invention 3 SiO 4 :Eu has a significantly smaller half-value width and / or a higher light output (LER) than the comparative example. The peak wavelength shifts toward longer wavelengths and the smaller half-value width leads to an increased overlap with the eye sensitivity curve. Therefore, the luminescent material according to the present invention has a very high luminous efficiency or light output that is higher than the comparative example.

[0709] Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in Figure 4 The emission spectra of VB1, VB2, VB3 and AB1 are described in Figure 5 In , the wavelength in nanometers is plotted on the x-axis and the emission intensity in percent is plotted on the y-axis. Figure 6 In the x-axis, the cm -1 The wave number is represented and the emission intensity expressed as a percentage is plotted on the y-axis. It can be seen here that: with VB1 and VB3 (BaMgAl 10 O 17 :Eu), the luminescent material NaLi according to the present invention 3 SiO 4:Eu has a significantly smaller half-value width. In contrast to AB1, BaMgAl 10 O 17 Eu luminescent materials also show small absorption from 350nm wavelength (reference Figure 7 ). This, together with the relatively large half-value width, leads to the relatively poor color purity of the luminescent materials VB1 and VB3. The known luminescent material VB2, although having a small half-value width, has the disadvantage that it contains chlorine. Many applications are subject to strict conditions regarding the chlorine content, so that the application of this luminescent material is already limited. The risk of releasing corrosive HCl during its production is also disadvantageous, which increases the costs for the synthesis equipment and its maintenance measures.

[0710] Figure 7 Shown for Figure 4 Normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) of different luminescent materials VG1, VG2, VG3 and AB1 defined in Figure 1 plotted against the wavelength λ in nm. The curves with reference numerals VG1, VG2 and VG3 represent the K / S of known luminescent materials, and the curve with reference numeral AB1 represents the K / S of a first exemplary embodiment of a luminescent material according to the invention. It can be seen that the luminescent material AB1 according to the invention has a higher absorption than the comparative examples VG1, VG2 and VG3, especially at larger wavelengths in the range from 360 nm. This is particularly advantageous because the luminescent material according to the invention can be effectively excited with primary radiation having a peak wavelength in the ultraviolet range to the blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum, especially in the range between 300 nm and 460 nm, preferably in the range between 300 nm and 430 nm or 440 nm. Therefore, the luminescent material according to the invention can be used particularly well in combination with a semiconductor chip having a primary radiation in the range between 300 nm and 430 nm or 440 nm.

[0711] Figure 8 Schematic diagram showing the luminescent material NaLi 3 SiO 4 : The crystal structure of the tetragonal Eu. The shaded circles represent Na atoms. The crystal structure corresponds to NaLi 3 SiO 4 The crystal structure of n ]:NaLi 3 SiO 4 、NaLi 3 GeO 4 、NaLi 3 TiO 4, Revue de Chimieminérale, 1986, 23, 217-230. The crystal structure is similar to that described in P. Pust, A. S. Ohnik, E. Baumann, P. J. Schmidt, D. Wiechert, C. Scheu, W. Schnick, Ca[LiAl 3 N 4 ]:Eu 2+ -CaLiAl described in A Narrow-Band Red-Emitting Nitridolithoaluminate, Chemistry of Materials 2014 26, 3544-3549 3 N 4 :Eu is isomorphic.

[0712] exist Fig. 9 The copper-K α1 Two X-ray diffraction powder diffraction patterns of radiation. The diffraction angle in ° 2θ values ​​is indicated on the x-axis and the intensity is indicated on the y-axis. The X-ray diffraction powder diffraction pattern provided with the reference symbol I shows that the luminescent material NaLi according to the invention 3 SiO 4 : The X-ray diffraction powder diffraction pattern of the first embodiment AB1 of Eu. The X-ray diffraction powder diffraction pattern provided with the reference symbol II shows that NaLi 3 SiO 4 (B.Nowitzki, R.Hoppe, NeuesüberOxide vom Typ A[(TO) n ]:NaLi 3 SiO 4 、NaLi 3 GeO 4 、NaLi 3 TiO 4 , Revue de Chimie minérale, 1986, 23, 217-230) and used for NaLi 3 SiO 4 X-ray diffraction powder diffraction pattern. From the consistency of the reflection, it can be seen that the luminescent material NaLi according to the present invention 3 SiO 4 :Eu and NaLi 3 SiO 4 The same crystal structure crystallizes.

[0713] exist Fig.10 In the middle is the crystallographic evaluation. Fig.10 The first embodiment AB1, namely NaLi3 SiO 4 : Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction powder diffraction pattern of Eu. NaLi 3 SiO 4 The atomic parameters of (Table 7 in B. Nowitzki, R. Hoppe, Revue de Chimie minérale, 1986, 23, 217-230) were used for Rietveld refinement to show that: NaLi 3 SiO 4 :The crystal structure of Eu corresponds to NaLi 3 SiO 4 In the diagram above, here, it is shown that for NaLi 3 SiO 4 The difference between the measured and calculated reflections is shown in the following diagram.

[0714] Fig.11 Show NaLi 3 SiO 4 Crystallographic data.

[0715] Fig.12 Shown in NaLi 3 SiO 4 The positions of atoms in the structure.

[0716] exist Fig.13 The chemical formula KLi is shown in 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The emission spectrum of the second embodiment AB2 of the luminescent material according to the invention is shown. The wavelength in nanometers is plotted on the x-axis and the emission intensity in percent is plotted on the y-axis. To measure the emission spectrum, the luminescent material according to the invention is excited with primary radiation of a wavelength of 400 nm.

[0717] The luminescent material exhibits broadband emission from about 430 nm to about 780 nm and thus emits white radiation or the emitted radiation produces a white luminous impression. The color position of the luminescent material is advantageously located at 2700 K near the color position of the Planck radiator. The color position is located at the following coordinates CIE-x=0.449 and CIE-y=0.397 in the CIE-standard colorimetric table of 1931. The color temperature (CCT) is at 2742 K, the light output or luminous efficiency is at 290 lm / W, the CRI (color rendering index) is at 81 and the color rendering index R9 is at 21. Thus, the luminescent material KLi according to the invention is included 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+The conversion LEDs are particularly suitable for general lighting applications.

[0718] Fig.14 The normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) is shown for a second exemplary embodiment (AB2) of a phosphor according to the invention, plotted against the wavelength λ in nm. Fig.14 It can be seen that the maximum of K / S for the second embodiment (AB2) of the luminescent material according to the invention is located at approximately 340 nm. The luminescent material can be efficiently excited with primary radiation from approximately 300 nm to 430 nm or 440 nm.

[0719] Fig.15 and Fig.16 The simulated emission spectra of various conversion LEDs which emit white radiation are shown. A semiconductor layer sequence based on InGaN is used as the primary radiation source, which emits a peak wavelength of 410 nm ( Fig.15 ) or has a peak wavelength of 390nm ( Fig.16 )'s primary radiation. Fig.17 As can be seen, the conversion LEDs according to the invention (LED1 and LED2) utilize only one luminescent material, namely KLi according to the invention. 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ , showing emission spectra similar to those of the comparative examples VLED2 and VLED1, which have green and red luminescent materials, respectively. Advantageously, a conversion LED can be provided with the luminescent material according to the invention, which emits warm white light with a color temperature of less than 3500 K, preferably less than 3000 K, and for which only one luminescent material is required and not a combination of at least one green and red luminescent material with blue primary radiation, as is required for known white emitting conversion LEDs.

[0720] exist Fig.17 In the embodiment of the present invention, the luminescent material KLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The different characteristics of the conversion LEDs (LED1, LED2) and the comparative examples (VLED1 and VLED2) are compared. primrepresents the wavelength of the primary radiation. The first luminescent material and the second luminescent material are specified in the third and fourth columns. CIE-x and CIE-y specify the color coordinates x and y of the radiation in the CIE standard colorimetric table of 1931. CCT / K specifies the correlated color temperature of the total radiation in Kelvin. R9 represents the color rendering factor known to the person skilled in the art (saturated red). LER represents the light output in lumens per watt ("luminous efficacy"). As can be seen: with the luminescent material KLi according to the invention as the only luminescent material 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The conversion LED has similar optical properties to conventional conversion LEDs based on two luminescent materials. However, the disadvantages generated when using two or more luminescent materials are eliminated here. On the one hand, the spectrum generated is strongly related to the ratio of the luminescent materials used. Due to batch fluctuations in the manufacture of luminescent materials, the concentration of the luminescent materials needs to be frequently adjusted, which makes the manufacture of conversion LEDs very expensive. According to temperature, the radiation density of the primary radiation and the excitation wavelength, the luminescent materials also show different emission characteristics and also have different degradation characteristics, that is, different stability in terms of temperature influence, radiation influence, humidity influence or gas influence. If the luminescent materials are strongly different in their physical properties, that is, for example, density, particle size and sedimentation characteristics, the manufacture of luminescent material mixtures will also be difficult. When using two luminescent materials, all these effects cause color position distribution and color displacement that fluctuates in the product under alternating operating conditions, such as current and / or temperature. Usually, in order to advantageously achieve a high color reproduction coefficient under the condition of a low color temperature of less than 3500K or less than 3000K, a luminescent material that emits red is required. Of course, all known red-emitting phosphors can be synthesized only by means of complex production methods and are therefore much more expensive than the known green and yellow phosphors. 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ It can be produced cost-effectively, since the reactants are commercially available, stable and also very inexpensive. Furthermore, the synthesis does not require an inert gas atmosphere and is therefore relatively simple to construct.

[0721] The use of the luminescent material according to the invention in a white emitting conversion LED has a number of advantages. It is possible to use primary radiation which is not or hardly perceptible to the human eye (300 nm to 430 nm or 440 nm). Therefore, fluctuations in the primary radiation do not have a negative effect on the total radiation characteristics. No color adjustment is required because the emission spectrum is constant. Conversion LEDs can be manufactured with high yields because no color adjustment or expensive chip sorting is required. Changes in the primary radiation caused by selective degradation of only one luminescent material or by temperature fluctuations or on-state current fluctuations do not occur in color shifts or have a negative effect on the emission spectrum. In addition, the conversion LED does not have its own color, but instead displays a white appearance in the off state. Therefore, the luminescent material is also suitable for "remote-phosphor" devices, where a yellow or orange appearance is not desired in the off state. Partial conversion of the primary radiation can also be performed depending on the application. Since the luminescent material can be excited with primary radiation in the range of 300 nm to 430 nm or 440 nm, the contribution of primary radiation to the total radiation, preferably in the short-wave blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum, causes objects illuminated thereby to appear more colorful, brighter and thus more attractive. For example, optical fluorescent whitening agents in textiles can be excited by this.

[0722] Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the luminescent material KLi 3 SiO 4 : Crystal structure of triclinic Eu. The shaded circles represent K atoms. The crystal structure corresponds to KLi 3 SiO 4 The crystal structure of Oxide des neuen Formeltyps A[(T 4 O 4 )]:Zur Kenntniss von KLi 3 GeO 4 , KLi 3 SiO 4 and KLi 3 TiO 4 , Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 1984, 509, 7-22. The crystal structure is similar to that described in P. Pust, V. Weiler, C. Hecht, A. Tücks, A. S. Ochnik, A.-K. Henβ, D. Wiechert, C. Scheu, P. J. Schmidt, W. Schnick, Narrow-Band Red-Emitting Sr[LiAl 3 N 4 ]:Eu2+ SrLiAl as a Next-Generation LED-Phosphor Material, Nat. Mater. 2014 13, 891-896 3 N 4 :Eu is isomorphic.

[0723] exist Fig.19 The copper-K α1 Two X-ray diffraction powder diffraction diagrams of radiation. The diffraction angles are indicated on the x-axis in ° 2θ values ​​and the intensity is indicated on the y-axis. The X-ray diffraction powder diffraction diagram with reference symbol III shows that the phosphor KLi according to the invention 3 SiO 4 : The X-ray diffraction powder diffraction pattern of the second embodiment of Eu. The X-ray diffraction powder diffraction pattern with reference numeral IV shows that KLi 3 SiO 4 Crystal structure simulation for KLi 3 SiO 4 X-ray diffraction powder diffraction pattern. From the consistency of the reflections, it can be seen that the luminescent material KLi according to the present invention 3 SiO 4 :Eu and KLi 3 SiO 4 The same crystal structure crystallizes.

[0724] exist Fig. 20 In the middle is the crystallographic evaluation. Fig. 20 The second embodiment AB2, namely KLi 3 SiO 4 : Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction powder diffraction pattern of Eu. 3 SiO 4 Atomic parameters (K.Werthmann, R.Hoppe, Oxidedes neuen Formeltyps A[(T 4 O 4 )]:Zur Kenntnis von KLi 3 GeO 4 , KLi 3 SiO 4 and KLi 3 TiO 4 , Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 1984, 509, 7-22) was used for Rietveld refinement to show that: KLi 3 SiO 4:The crystal structure of Eu corresponds to KLi 3 SiO 4 In the diagram above, the measured reflections are shown here with respect to KLi 3 SiO 4 The difference between the measured and calculated reflections is shown in the diagram below. The peaks of the unknown side phases are marked with asterisks.

[0725] Fig.21 KLi 3 SiO 4 Crystallographic data.

[0726] Fig. 22 Shown in KLi 3 SiO 4 The positions of atoms in the structure.

[0727] exist Fig.23 The chemical formula (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The emission spectrum of the third embodiment AB3 of the luminescent material according to the invention is shown. The wavelength in nanometers is plotted on the x-axis and the emission intensity in percent is plotted on the y-axis. To measure the emission spectrum, the luminescent material according to the invention is excited with primary radiation of a wavelength of 400 nm. The luminescent material has a half-value width of less than 20 nm and a peak wavelength of 486 nm. With this small half-value width, the luminescent material belongs to the narrowest-band known Eu 2+ Doped luminescent material. The peak wavelength is in the blue-green, also called cyan, spectral range of the electromagnetic spectrum. So far, only a small number of luminescent materials with a peak wavelength in this range are known, and none of these luminescent materials have such a small half-value width. With a peak wavelength of 486nm and a small half-value width, the luminescent material has a good overlap with the eye sensitivity curve. The conversion of ultraviolet or blue primary radiation into secondary radiation with a slightly longer wavelength (peak wavelength of 486nm) in the blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum increases the efficiency of the conversion LED. Compared with the primary radiation, the peak wavelength of the secondary radiation is closer to the maximum value of the eye sensitivity at 555nm, so that the emitted radiation has a higher overlap with the eye sensitivity curve and is thus perceived as brighter. Similar optical properties are also achieved with AB9, AB14, AB15 and AB16.

[0728] Fig.24 The normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) is shown for a third exemplary embodiment (AB3) of a phosphor according to the invention, plotted against the wavelength λ in nm. Fig.14 It can be seen that the maximum value of K / S of the third embodiment (AB3) of the luminescent material according to the present invention is located between 350nm and 420nm. Up to 500nm, K / S is significantly greater than zero. 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ Can be excited efficiently with primary radiation from about 340 nm.

[0729] Fig.25 Schematic diagram showing the luminescent material (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The tetragonal crystal structure of . The shaded circles represent Na atoms, and the white filled circles represent K atoms. The crystal structure was obtained from X-ray diffraction powder diffraction pattern data. CsKNa was used to replace K with Cs. 2 Li 12 Si 4 O 16 The crystal structure of

[0730] exist Fig.26 In the middle is the crystallographic evaluation. Fig.26 The third embodiment AB3, namely (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction powder diffraction pattern of . The atomic coordinates and parameters of all non-Li atoms were freely refined. Here, the above diagram shows the 2 Li 12 Si 4 O 16 The difference between the measured and calculated reflections is shown in the following diagram. 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ With compound CsKNa 2 Li 8 {Li[SiO 4 ]} 4 , RbNa 3 Li 8 {Li[SiO 4 ]} 4 , CsNa3 Li 8 {Li[GeO 4 ]} 4 and RbNa 3 Li 8 {Li[TiO 4 ]} 4 The structure is also the same as the first embodiment of the luminescent material according to the present invention NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu and the second embodiment KLi 3 SiO 4 :Eu has a similar structure but has a complex arrangement of alkali metals.

[0731] Fig. 27 Shown (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 Crystallographic data.

[0732] Fig.28 Shown in (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 The positions of atoms in the structure.

[0733] Fig.29 The emission spectra of the third embodiment AB3 and three comparative examples C1S, OS and G of the luminescent material according to the present invention are shown, wherein C1S represents Ca 8 Mg(SiO 4 ) 4 Cl 2 :Eu, OS represents (Sr, Ba) 2 SiO 4 :Eu and G stands for Lu 3 (Al,Ga) 5 O 12 :Ce. All luminescent materials emit in the blue to blue-green range of the electromagnetic spectrum. As can be seen, AB3 has the smallest half-value width and the peak wavelength is shifted towards a shorter wavelength compared to the comparative example. Thereby, the luminescent material according to the present invention is suitable for use, for example, in signal lamps, such as blue light lamps of police cars, ambulances, emergency vehicles or fire trucks, the main wavelength of which is preferably in the range between 465nm and 480nm. The use of the comparative example is not very suitable for this because its peak wavelength is greater than 510nm, whereas the luminescent material according to the present invention has a peak wavelength of 486nm. Due to similar optical properties, AB9, AB14, AB15 and AB16 are also suitable for use in signal lamps.

[0734] The curve marked with smel shows the sensitivity curve of melatonin production, that is, with which wavelength can the melatonin production in the body be best suppressed ("human response function for melanopic effects"; Lucas et al., Trend in Neurosciences, Vol. 37, No. 1, January 2014). As can be seen, the emission spectrum of AB3 shows a high overlap with smel, so that the radiation can be effectively used to suppress melatonin formation. Such irradiation can lead to increased vigilance or also the ability to concentrate.

[0735] Fig.30 Different luminescent materials (AB3, CIS, OS and G, as shown in Fig.29 Overlap of the emission spectra of blue emitting LEDs (described below) and different blue emitting LEDs (unconverted) with the sensitivity curve generated by melatonin. LEDs are light emitting diodes with InGaN based semiconductor chips. LEDs Ipeak430nm (peak wavelength of 430nm) and Ipeak435nm (peak wavelength of 435nm) are generally not commercially available in large quantities, but are very efficient. LEDs Ipeak440nm (peak wavelength of 440nm), Ipeak445nm (peak wavelength of 445nm), Ipeak450nm (peak wavelength of 450nm) and Ipeak455nm (peak wavelength of 455nm) are commercially available, cheap and efficient. LEDs Ipeak460nm (peak wavelength of 460nm), Ipeak465nm (peak wavelength of 465nm) and Ipeak470nm (peak wavelength of 470nm) are only inefficient and generally not commercially available. In principle, semiconductor chips based on InGaN can emit radiation with a peak wavelength of up to 500 nm, although the efficiency decreases as the wavelength increases, so the semiconductor chips are usually not manufactured in large quantities until the peak wavelength is up to about 460 nm. As a result, the application field of semiconductor chips based on InGaN in light-emitting diodes (without luminescent materials) is limited. As can be seen, the emission of the luminescent material AB3 according to the present invention shows a greater overlap with the sensitivity curve of melatonin production than the luminescent materials ClS, OS and G and also than InGaN-based LEDs. As a result, melatonin production can be effectively suppressed with the luminescent material according to the present invention. Due to similar optical properties, AB9, AB14, AB15 and AB16 are also suitable for suppressing melatonin production.

[0736] exist Fig.31The CIE standard colorimetric table (1931) is shown in FIG. 1 , wherein the CIE x-part of the primary color red is plotted on the x-axis and the CIE y-part of the primary color green is plotted on the y-axis. Different luminescent materials (AB3, ClS, OS and G, as in FIG. Fig.29 The color positions of the LEDs (described below) are plotted in the CIE standard colorimetric table. The black quadrilaterals are the color positions of different blue and blue-green InGaN semiconductor chips with peak wavelengths between 430 nm and 492 nm and dominant wavelengths between 436 nm and 493 nm. The black dots mark the white point Ew with the coordinates CIE-x=1 / 3 and CIE-y=1 / 3. The black line connecting the color point of the blue InGaN semiconductor chip (λpeak=445 nm; λdom=449 nm) with the color position of the luminescent material represents the conversion line of the conversion LED, which is composed of the InGaN semiconductor chip and the corresponding luminescent material. The surface marked with EVL shows the typical blue color space for products used in the field of signal lights for police vehicles, for example. The open circles mark the color positions with 100% color purity for selected dominant wavelengths at 468 nm, 476 nm and 487 nm. The dotted lines represent color positions with different color purities with a dominant wavelength at 487 nm. The color positions on the dotted line that are closer to the hollow circle 487 show a higher color purity than the color positions that are closer to the white point E. The advantageous effect of the new luminescent material AB3 is clear from this figure: the conversion line (KL) of the typical blue LED to the color position of the luminescent material AB3 according to the present invention divides the EVL color space in the middle, whereas the conversion line of the same blue LED with the luminescent materials OS, ClS and G shows only a small overlap with the color space of the EVL. Here, by using the luminescent material AB3, multiple color spaces within the color space of the EVL can be advantageously realized than with conventional luminescent materials. In addition, the conversion line K intersects with the dotted line of the main wavelength 487nm at point I1, which has a higher color purity than the intersection of the conversion lines of known luminescent materials. For other target main wavelengths, especially within the EVL color space, the same improvement in color purity using the luminescent material AB3 according to the present invention is shown. For the sake of clarity, the corresponding lines are not shown. The high color purity causes a saturated color impression. Thus, additional color positions can be realized with the luminescent material according to the invention, which color positions could not be realized until now. 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+Particularly suitable for conversion LEDs emitting blue radiation with high color saturation. These conversion LEDs are suitable for use in blue lamps or also for "color on demand" applications. Due to similar optical properties, AB9, AB14, AB15 and AB16 are also suitable for conversion LEDs emitting blue radiation with high color saturation.

[0737] Fig.32 , Fig.33 and Fig.34 A comparison of the achievable color purity of different conversion LEDs is shown for different wavelengths of the primary radiation and the target dominant wavelength. To carry out the simulation experiments, a blue semiconductor chip was combined with different luminescent materials AB3, C1S, OS and G. In this case, semiconductor chips based on InGaN were used, which have a high efficiency. For each experiment, the content of the luminescent material was varied in order to achieve the target dominant wavelength, and the color purity was then determined from the resulting spectrum. The results show that for all selected target dominant wavelengths of the primary radiation and all selected wavelengths, the conversion LEDs with the luminescent material AB3 and also with AB9, AB14, AB15 and AB16 (not shown) show significantly higher color purity than the comparative example.

[0738] Fig.35 , Fig.36 and Fig.37 Shows the conversion LED and Fig.32 , Fig.33 and Fig.34 The corresponding simulated emission spectrum. Here, Fig.35 Shown are the emission spectra of a conversion LED with a primary radiation of 430 nm and a conversion LED with a primary radiation of 455 nm, which each have a phosphor AB3 at a target dominant wavelength of 468 nm. Fig.36 Shown are the emission spectra of a conversion LED with a primary radiation of 430 nm and a conversion LED with a primary radiation of 455 nm, which each have a phosphor AB3 at a target dominant wavelength of 487 nm. Fig.37 Shown are the emission spectra of a conversion LED with a primary radiation of 430 nm and a conversion LED with a primary radiation of 455 nm, which each have a phosphor AB3 at a target dominant wavelength of 476 nm.

[0739] exist Fig.38 The chemical formula (Na 0.25 K 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+Emission spectrum of a fourth embodiment AB4 of a luminescent material according to the invention. The wavelength in nm is plotted on the x-axis and the emission intensity in % is plotted on the y-axis. To measure the emission spectrum, the luminescent material according to the invention is excited with a primary radiation of a wavelength of 400 nm. The luminescent material has a half-value width of less than 50 nm, a peak wavelength of 529 nm, a dominant wavelength of 541 nm and a color point with coordinates CIE-x: 0.255 and CIE-y: 0.680 in the CIE color space. The narrow half-value width of the luminescent material causes a saturated green emission of the luminescent material.

[0740] Fig.39 The normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) for a fourth exemplary embodiment (AB4) of the luminescent material according to the invention, plotted against the wavelength λ in nm, is shown. The luminescent material according to the invention can be effectively excited with primary radiation in the range between 330 nm and 500 nm, preferably 340 nm to 460 nm, particularly preferably 350 nm to 450 nm. Thus, the luminescent material is particularly suitable for backlighting applications with semiconductor chips having primary radiation in the near-ultraviolet range or in the blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0741] exist Fig.40 The X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the fourth example AB4 is shown in FIG. The intensity is indicated on the y-axis and the °2θ value is indicated on the x-axis. Fig.41 The reflection positions of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern and the relative intensities of the reflection positions expressed in % are indicated in .

[0742] exist Fig.42 The emission intensity in % is plotted against the temperature in ° C. As can be seen, Example AB4 of the luminescent material according to the invention exhibits a high thermal stability. Fig.42 It is shown that the thermal quenching characteristics of the luminescent material AB4 according to the present invention are different from those of the conventional luminescent material OS2, i.e., (Sr, Ba) 2 SiO 4 :Comparison of a green orthosilicate of Eu. The luminescent material was excited with blue primary radiation having a wavelength of 460 nm at different temperatures from 25° C. to 225° C. and its emission intensity was recorded. It is clearly visible that at the typical temperatures present in conversion LEDs, in particular at temperatures above 140° C., the luminescent material AB4 according to the invention has significantly less luminous intensity loss. This allows the luminescent material to be used in conversion LEDs at higher operating temperatures.

[0743] Fig.43The fourth embodiment AB4 of the luminescent material according to the present invention shows different optical properties compared with the conventional luminescent materials G2 and OS2. Here, OS2 represents the formula (Sr, Ba) 2 SiO 4 :Eu luminescent material and G2 represents the formula Lu 3 (Al,Ga) 5 O 12 : Ce luminescent material. All three luminescent materials show similar dominant wavelengths. However, the luminescent material AB4 according to the invention shows a significantly higher light yield (LER) and a significantly higher color purity. This leads to improved color saturation, thereby enabling a higher color space coverage, as well as to improved overall efficiency. The reason for the improved properties is that the luminescent material according to the invention has the formula (Na 0.25 K 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The fourth embodiment AB4 has a smaller half-value width compared to conventional luminescent materials. Due to the similar positions of the peak wavelength and the half-value width, the embodiments AB5, AB7, AB13 and AB8 also show improved characteristics. The high light output improves the efficiency of the green conversion LED with partial conversion or full conversion compared to the green conversion LED with known green luminescent materials with similar dominant wavelength and / or peak wavelength.

[0744] Fig.44 The emission spectrum of the fourth embodiment AB4 of the luminescent material according to the present invention is shown in FIG. Fig.43 A comparison of conventional luminescent materials G2 and OS2 is described below.

[0745] exist Fig.45 The color space rec2020(xy) in the CIE color space system and the color space rec2020(u'v') in the CIE-LUV color space system (1976) are shown by different combinations of green luminescent materials and red luminescent materials in combination with the coverage of blue primary radiation of different dominant wavelengths. AB4 represents a fourth embodiment of the luminescent material according to the invention (Na 0.25 K 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ and AB5 represents a fifth embodiment of the luminescent material according to the present invention (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4, BS represents the conventional green-emitting luminescent material β-SiAlON:Eu luminescent material. The proportions of blue, green and red radiation are adjusted so that the color position of white for typical backlighting applications is achieved (CIE-x=0.278 and CIE-y=0.255). Typical filter curves are applied to the resulting spectrum and the resulting color points for blue, green and red are calculated. Subsequently, the overlap of the resulting color space with the standard color space is calculated and compared. In all cases, it can be seen that the obtained spectra of embodiment AB4 and embodiment AB5 with the luminescent material according to the invention result in a greater coverage of the corresponding color space. Like AB4 and AB5, AB7, AB13 and AB8 have similar peak wavelengths and half-value widths ( Fig.76 , Fig.129 , Fig.86 ) and in Fig.45 The red phosphor combination described in also has a high coverage of the corresponding color space. Therefore, a larger bandwidth of colors can be reproduced with the phosphor according to the invention. As a result, a display device such as a monitor with a conversion LED comprising the phosphor according to the invention can reproduce a significantly higher number of colors than has been possible with conventional phosphors.

[0746] Figure 46 to Figure 53 Showing the color space coverage for a dominant wavelength of primary radiation at 448 nm Fig.45 The diagram shows a graphical representation of the results described in . The second red emitting material used is indicated in each case with its chemical formula.

[0747] Fig.54A , Fig.54B and Fig.54C Show Fig.45 A more comprehensive data list in , which additionally shows the color positions of the filtered spectrum and the overlay with other standard color spaces.

[0748] Figure 55 to Figure 58 Show Fig.45, with the wavelength of the primary radiation λdom=448 nm. Each figure shows a comparison of three different green luminescent materials (AB4, AB5 or BS) respectively combined with a red luminescent material, the red luminescent material being described in the figure by its chemical formula. The color space expanded by the filtered spectrum with the help of the embodiments AB4 and AB5 according to the present invention is almost superimposed. It can be seen that: especially in the green and red corners of the expanded chromaticity diagram (marked with arrows), a larger bandwidth of colors can be restored with the embodiments AB4 and AB5 of the luminescent material according to the present invention. Similar characteristics are also obtained with the embodiments AB7, AB13 and AB8 (not shown). This is associated with the narrow-band emission of the luminescent materials AB4 and AB5, AB7, AB13 and AB8 according to the present invention. Thereby, the bandwidth of green is increased by using the luminescent materials AB4, AB5, AB7, AB13 and AB8 according to the present invention compared to conventional luminescent materials. The narrow half-value width of the luminescent material according to the present invention also reduces the loss of radiation caused by filtering. Compared to the known luminescent material β-SiAlON (BS), the luminescent material according to the invention can be produced based on inexpensive reactants and can also be synthesized at moderate temperatures. This keeps the production costs low, which makes the luminescent material very attractive in economic terms also for the production of mass-produced products such as LCD televisions, computer monitors, or displays for smartphones or tablet computers.

[0749] Figure 59 to Figure 62 Show Figure 55 to Figure 58 Spectrum of a corresponding conversion LED for the example of . The red luminescent material is illustrated in the figure as a chemical formula.

[0750] exist Fig.63 The chemical formula (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 Emission spectrum of a fifth embodiment AB5 of the luminescent material according to the invention. The wavelength in nanometers is plotted on the x-axis and the emission intensity in % is plotted on the y-axis. To measure the emission spectrum, the luminescent material according to the invention was excited with light of a wavelength of 400 nm. The luminescent material has a half-value width of 43 nm and a peak wavelength of 528 nm and a dominant wavelength of 539 nm. The coordinates CIE-x and CIE-y are at 0.238 and 0.694. The luminescent material is thereby proven to be very suitable for backlighting applications, which must have a saturated green hue.

[0751] Fig.64The normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) for a fifth exemplary embodiment of a phosphor according to the invention is plotted against the wavelength λ in nm. The maximum value of K / S for the fifth exemplary embodiment of a phosphor according to the invention is located at approximately 400 nm, although the range of high absorption extends into the blue-green spectral range up to approximately 500 nm. The phosphor can therefore be effectively excited with primary radiation having a wavelength between 330 nm and 500 nm, preferably between 340 nm and 460 nm, particularly preferably between 350 nm and 450 nm.

[0752] Fig.65 The X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the fifth exemplary embodiment AB5 of the phosphor according to the invention is shown with the reference symbol V. The X-ray powder diffraction pattern provided with the reference symbol VI shows that the compound RbLi (Li 3 SiO 4 ) 2 Simulated X-ray powder diffraction pattern of (K.Bernet, R.Hoppe, Ein "Lithosilicat" mit Kolumnareinheiten: RbLi 5 {Li[SiO 4 ]} 2 , Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 1991, 592, 93-105). The peaks in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern V are marked with asterisks, which can be related to the secondary phase Li 4 SiO 4 Associated.

[0753] Fig.66 The fifth embodiment AB5 of the luminescent material according to the present invention shows different optical properties compared with the conventional luminescent materials G1 and OS1. Here, OS1 represents the formula (Sr, Ba) 2 SiO 4 :Eu luminescent material and G1 represents the formula Lu 3 (Al,Ga) 5 O 12 :Ce luminescent material. Compared with luminescent materials G2 and OS2, luminescent materials G1 and OS1 have a different Eu content or Ce content in order to achieve the same main wavelength as in embodiment AB5. All three luminescent materials show similar main wavelengths. However, the luminescent material AB5 according to the present invention shows a significantly higher light output (LER) and a significantly higher color purity. This leads to improved color saturation, thereby enabling a higher color space coverage, as well as improved overall efficiency. The reason for the improved properties is that the luminescent material according to the present invention has the formula (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO4 The fourth exemplary embodiment AB5 has a smaller half-value width compared to conventional luminescent materials. The high light output increases the efficiency of the green conversion LED with partial conversion or full conversion compared to green conversion LEDs with known green luminescent materials of similar peak wavelength.

[0754] Fig.67 The emission spectrum of the fifth embodiment AB5 of the luminescent material according to the present invention is shown in FIG. Fig.66 A comparison of conventional phosphors G1 and OS1 is described below.

[0755] exist Fig.68 The chemical formula NaLi 3 SiO 4 : The first embodiment AB1 of Eu and the chemical formula Na 0.97 Ca 0.03 Li 2.94 Al 0.09 Si 0.97 O 3.88 N 0.12 :Emission spectrum of the sixth embodiment AB6 of Eu. The wavelength in nanometers is plotted on the x-axis and the emission intensity in percent is plotted on the y-axis. To measure the emission spectrum, the luminescent material according to the invention is excited with primary radiation of a wavelength of 400 nm (AB1) and 460 nm (AB6). The luminescent material AB1 has a wavelength of 32 nm or 1477 cm -1 The half-value width of the luminescent material AB6 is 72.8 nm, the main wavelength is 548 nm, and the peak wavelength is located at about 516.9 nm. The color position of AB6 is located at the following coordinates CIE-x=0.301 and CIE-y=0.282 in the CIE standard colorimetric table of 1931. The light output or luminous efficiency of AB6 is 432.8 lm / W. The different properties of AB1 and AB6, especially Na 0.97 Ca 0.03 Li 2.94 Al 0.09 Si 0.97 O 3.88 N 0.12 :Eu and NaLi 3 SiO 4 The peak wavelength shifted to a longer wavelength range compared to Eu is due to the stronger electron cloud expansion effect of nitrogen atoms in the mixed phase Na 0.97 Ca 0.03 Li 2.94 Al 0.09 Si 0.97 O 3.88 N0.12 :Eu surrounds the activator ion, here is Eu 2+ ions. The higher the nitrogen content around the activator ions, the longer the peak wavelength. 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y O 4-4y* N 4y* : The y* value in Eu increases and the peak wavelength can be shifted in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum, in particular in the range between 470 nm and 670 nm. Therefore, the luminescent material is particularly suitable for lighting devices or conversion LEDs, in which luminescent materials with very specific properties are required (so-called "color on demand" applications).

[0756] Fig.69 AB6 (excitation wavelength is 460 nm) and four garnet luminescent materials (excitation wavelengths are 460 nm; 3 Al 3 Ga 2 O 12 : Ce (440nm) emission spectrum. 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce, Y 3 Al 3 Ga 2 O 12 :Ce and Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce, according to the embodiment AB6 of the present invention, the peak wavelength is shifted to a shorter wavelength and the half-value width is smaller. 3 Al 3 Ga 2 O 12 :Ce shows a peak wavelength similar to that of AB6. 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce, Y 3 Al 3 Ga 2 O 12 :Ce and Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce compared to AB6 and Lu 3 Al 3 Ga 2 O 12The peak wavelength of Ce is closer to the blue spectral range, in which conventional conversion LEDs have spectral gaps in a disadvantageous manner, in which no light or only very little light is emitted. This spectral gap leads to poor color reproduction. Therefore, Lu is often used. 3 Al 3 Ga 2 O 12 :Ce to reduce the spectral gap. But with Lu 3 Al 3 Ga 2 O 12 : Ce compared to the sixth embodiment Na 0.97 Ca 0.03 Li 2.94 Al 0.09 Si 0.97 O 3.88 N 0.12 :Eu has a significantly smaller half-value width and a greater color purity determined by the smaller half-value width. In addition, the embodiment AB6 according to the present invention has a higher overlap with the eye sensitivity curve, thereby producing a higher light output. Fig.70 The comparison of optical data is shown in Figure 2. The percentages stated in parentheses reflect the difference with Lu 3 Al 3 Ga 2 O 12 :Ce. The conversion of ultraviolet primary radiation or blue primary radiation into secondary radiation with a wavelength in the green range of the electromagnetic spectrum (peak wavelength of 516.9nm) increases the efficiency of the conversion LED. Compared with the primary radiation, the peak wavelength of the secondary radiation is closer to the maximum value of the eye sensitivity at 555nm, so that the emitted radiation has a higher overlap with the eye sensitivity curve and is perceived as brighter. Conversion LEDs with luminescent materials, especially in combination with green and red luminescent materials, are particularly suitable for white conversion LEDs, for example for general lighting. In particular, white total radiation can be generated, which has a high color temperature.

[0757] Fig.71 Schematic diagram showing the luminescent material Na along the crystallographic c-axis. 0.97 Ca 0.03 Li 2.94 Al 0.09 Si 0.97 O 3.8 8 N 0.12: The crystal structure of the tetragonal crystal of Eu. The structure was determined by X-ray analysis of a single crystal of the luminescent material. The shaded circles show the positions occupied by a mixture of Na atoms and Ca atoms. The shaded areas describe the tetrahedra of mixed occupied Li / Si / Al-O / N. The crystal structure corresponds to NaLi 3 SiO 4 :Crystal structure of Eu (see Figure 8 ). The crystal structure is similar to that in P. Pust, A. S. Ohnik, E. Baumann, P. J. Schmidt, D. Wiechert, C. Scheu, W. Schnick, Ca[LiAl 3 N 4 ]:Eu 2 + -CaLiAl described in A Narrow-Band Red-Emitting Nitridolithoaluminate, Chemistry of Materials 2014 26, 3544-3549 3 N 4 :Eu is isomorphic.

[0758] Fig.72 Shows Na 0.97 Ca 0.03 Li 2.94 Al 0.09 Si 0.97 O 3.88 N 0.12 :Crystallographic data of Eu.

[0759] Fig.73 Shown in Na 0.97 Ca 0.03 Li 2.94 Al 0.09 Si 0.97 O 3.88 N 0.12 : Atomic positions in the structure of Eu.

[0760] exist Fig.74 The chemical formula (Na 0.25 K 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+The emission spectrum of the seventh embodiment AB7 of the luminescent material according to the present invention. In order to measure the emission spectrum, the single crystal of the luminescent material according to the present invention is excited with primary radiation of a wavelength of 460 nm. The luminescent material has a half-value width of less than 50 nm, a peak wavelength of 532 nm, a main wavelength of 540.3 nm and a color point with coordinates CIE-x: 0.235 and CIE-y: 0.640 in the CIE color space. The narrow half-value width of the luminescent material causes the saturated green emission of the luminescent material. Therefore, the luminescent material (K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 Li 3 SiO 4 :E, wherein 0<r"<0.5 and 0<r"'<0.5, especially (Na 0.25 K 0.5 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ They are particularly attractive for use in conversion LEDs, such as for backlighting of LCD displays, in which narrowband emission in the green spectral range is required.

[0761] Fig.75 The emission spectra of AB7 and β-SiAlON:Eu(BS) as a comparative example are shown. The luminescent materials have similar peak wavelengths and dominant wavelengths and color purity, although AB7 shows a smaller half-value width and associated greater light output and higher color purity. This leads to improved color saturation, thereby enabling a higher color space coverage to be achieved, as well as to improved overall efficiency. The reason for the improved properties is that the luminescent material according to the invention has the formula (Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The seventh embodiment AB7 has a smaller half-value width compared to the known luminescent material BS. The high light output increases the efficiency of the green conversion LED with partial conversion or full conversion compared to a green conversion LED with a known green luminescent material having a similar main wavelength and / or peak wavelength. Fig.76 The optical data of the luminescent materials AB7 and BS are shown in FIG.1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (K 1-r”-r”' Na r” Li r”' ) 1 Li 3 SiO 4 :E, wherein 0<r"<0.5 and 0<r"'<0.5, especially (Na 0.25 K 0.5 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ Proves to be very suitable for applications where a saturated green hue is desired, such as in backlighting applications.

[0762] Fig.77 Schematic diagram showing the luminescent material (Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The black circles represent Na atoms, the shaded circles represent K atoms and the white filled circles represent Li atoms. The luminescent material AB7 has a similar lattice parameter to the fifth embodiment (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The same space group C2 / m crystal. Luminescent material (Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu and (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The crystal structure has the same (Li 3 SiO 4 ) structural unit. However, the positions of the channels within the structural unit are different. (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+contains two channels, one of which is occupied only by Rb and the other is occupied only by Li, while (Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 Eu also contains two channels, one of which is occupied only by K and the other is occupied only by Li and Na. 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu is similar to the CsKNaLi (Li as described in K.Bernet, R.Hoppe, Z.Anorg.Chem, 1991, 592, 93-105 3 SiO 4 ) 4 The exact arrangement of Na and Li in the channels cannot be determined by X-ray diffraction. The crystal structure of AB7 is a highly ordered, 4 C 4 The structure type is derived from the crystal structure.

[0763] exist Fig.78 It is shown that Li, Na and K are used in (Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu's (Li 3 SiO 4 ) The arrangement inside the channel of the structural unit. The black circles represent Na atoms, the shaded circles represent K atoms and the white filled circles represent Li atoms. The arrangement is shown along the crystallographic c-axis.

[0764] Fig.79 Shown (Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Crystallographic data of Eu.

[0765] Fig.80 Shown in (Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 : Atomic positions in the structure of Eu.

[0766] Fig.81 Shown (Na 0.25 K0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 : Anisotropic displacement parameter of Eu (English: displacement parameter).

[0767] exist Fig.82 The chemical formula (Na 0.5 R 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ Emission spectrum of an eighth embodiment AB8 of a luminescent material according to the invention. The wavelength in nanometers is plotted on the x-axis and the emission intensity in % is plotted on the y-axis. To measure the emission spectrum, a powder of a luminescent material according to the invention is excited with a primary radiation of a wavelength of 400 nm. The luminescent material has a peak wavelength of approximately 525 nm and a dominant wavelength of 531 nm. The half-value width is less than 45 nm and the color point is located at the coordinates CIE-x: 0.211 and CIE-y: 0.671 in the CIE color space.

[0768] exist Fig.83 The chemical formula (Na 0.5 R 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The emission spectrum of the eighth embodiment AB8 of the luminescent material according to the present invention. In order to measure the emission spectrum, the powder of the luminescent material according to the present invention is excited with the primary radiation of a wavelength of 460nm. The luminescent material has a half-value width of less than 45nm, a peak wavelength of 528nm, a main wavelength of 533nm and a color point with coordinates CIE-x: 0.212 and CIE-y: 0.686 in the CIE color space. The narrow half-value width of the luminescent material causes the saturated green emission of the luminescent material. Due to the small half-value width, the luminescent material (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 Li 3 SiO 4 :E (where 0.4≤r*<1.0), especially (Na 0.5 R 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+They are particularly attractive for use in conversion LEDs, such as for backlighting of LCD displays, in which narrowband emission in the green spectral range is required.

[0769] Fig.84 The normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) for an eighth exemplary embodiment (AB8) of the luminescent material according to the invention, plotted against the wavelength λ in nm, is shown. The luminescent material according to the invention can be effectively excited with primary radiation in the range between 330 nm and 500 nm, preferably 340 nm to 460 nm, particularly preferably 350 nm to 450 nm. Thus, the luminescent material is particularly suitable for backlighting applications with semiconductor chips having primary radiation in the near-ultraviolet range or in the blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0770] Fig.85 The emission spectrum of the eighth embodiment AB8 of the luminescent material according to the present invention is shown in FIG. Fig.86 The following describes a comparison of conventional luminescent materials ClS and OS1.

[0771] Fig.86 The eighth embodiment AB8 of the luminescent material according to the present invention shows different optical properties compared with conventional luminescent materials ClS and OS1. Here, OS1 represents the formula (Sr, Ba) 2 SiO 4 :Eu luminescent material and ClS represents the formula Ca 7.8 Eu 0.2 Mg(SiO 4 ) 4 Cl 2 All three luminescent materials exhibit a similar dominant wavelength. However, the luminescent material AB8 according to the invention exhibits a significantly higher light yield (LER). This leads to improved color saturation, thereby enabling a higher color space coverage, and to improved overall efficiency. The reason for the improved properties is that the luminescent material according to the invention has the formula (Na 0.5 R 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The eighth embodiment AB8 has a smaller half-value width compared to conventional luminescent materials. The high light output improves the efficiency of the green conversion LED with partial conversion or full conversion compared to green conversion LEDs with known green luminescent materials having similar main wavelength and / or peak wavelength.

[0772] exist Fig.87The relative brightness in % is plotted against the temperature in ° C. As can be seen, Example AB8 of the luminescent material according to the invention exhibits a high thermal stability. Fig.87 The thermal quenching characteristics of the luminescent material AB8 according to the present invention (shown as a hollow square) and the formula (Sr, Ba) are shown in FIG. 2 SiO 4 :Eu and a conventional luminescent material OS1 (shown as a solid diamond). At different temperatures from 25°C to 225°C, the luminescent material was excited with a blue primary radiation with a wavelength of 400 nm for the luminescent material AB8 according to the invention or with a wavelength of 460 nm for OS1 and its emission intensity was recorded. It can be clearly seen that at the typical temperatures present in conversion LEDs, in particular temperatures greater than 140°C, the luminescent material AB8 according to the invention has a significantly smaller luminous intensity loss. This allows the luminescent material to be used in conversion LEDs at higher operating temperatures. From 125°C onwards, AB8 shows significantly less emission intensity loss than OS1. In addition, AB8 always still shows an emission intensity of 90% at a temperature of 225°C, compared to an emission intensity of 100% at 25°C. The emission intensity at 225°C is twice as high as the emission intensity of OS1 at 225°C.

[0773] Fig.88 Schematic diagram showing the luminescent material (Na 0.5 R 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The black circles represent Rb atoms and the white filled circles represent Na atoms. The luminescent material AB8 has a similar lattice parameter to the fifth embodiment (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ and the seventh embodiment (Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 : Eu same space group C2 / m crystal. Luminescent material (Na 0.5 R 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ 、(Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu and (Rb0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The crystal structure has the same (Li 3 SiO 4 ) structural unit. 3 SiO 4 ) structural unit is SiO 4 Tetrahedron and LiO 4 Tetrahedron, where oxygen occupies the corners and Li or Si occupies the center of the tetrahedron. However, here the occupancy of the channel within the structural unit is different. (Rb 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ contains two channels, one of which is occupied only by Rb and the other is occupied only by Li, (Na 0.25 K 0.50 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 Eu also contains two channels, one of which is occupied only by K and the other is occupied only by Li and Na and (Rb 0.5 Na 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ Contains two channels, one of which is occupied only with Rb and the other is occupied only with Na.

[0774] exist Fig.89 In the middle is the crystallographic evaluation. Fig.89 The Rietveld refinement of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the eighth example AB8 is shown. 0.5 R 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 : The measured reflection of Eu is superimposed with the calculated reflection and the difference between the measured reflection and the calculated reflection is shown. The small proportion of phosphor is replaced by Na 3 R 12 Si 4 O 16 pollute.

[0775] Fig.90 Shown (Na 0.5 R 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Crystallographic data of Eu.

[0776] Fig.91 Shown in (Na 0.5 R 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 : Atomic positions in the structure of Eu.

[0777] exist Fig.92 The chemical formula (Rb 0.25 Na 0.75 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu emission spectrum of the ninth embodiment AB9 of the luminescent material according to the invention. The wavelength in nanometers is plotted on the x-axis and the emission intensity in % is plotted on the y-axis. To measure the emission spectrum, the powder of the luminescent material according to the invention is excited with primary radiation of a wavelength of 400 nm. The luminescent material has a peak wavelength of approximately 473 nm and a dominant wavelength of 476 nm. The half-value width is at 22 nm and the color point is at the coordinates CIE-x: 0.127 and CIE-y: 0.120 in the CIE color space.

[0778] exist Fig.93 The chemical formula (Na 0.75 R 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The emission spectrum of the ninth embodiment AB9 of the luminescent material according to the invention. To measure the emission spectrum, the powder of the luminescent material according to the invention was excited with primary radiation of a wavelength of 420 nm or 440 nm. Fig.92 Compared with the excitation with a primary radiation of 400 nm shown in FIG, the luminescent material has an even smaller half-value width of between 19 nm and 21 nm. (Na 0.75 R 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ and (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The narrowest band of known Eu 2+ Doped luminescent material.

[0779] Fig.94 BaMgAl2O3 for a ninth embodiment (AB9) of the phosphor according to the present invention and as a comparative example (VB1) are shown. 10 O 17=Normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) of 1:1 Eu (50 mol %) plotted against the wavelength λ in nm. The luminescent material according to the invention can be effectively excited with primary radiation in the range between 340 nm and 470 nm, preferably between 340 nm and 450 nm, particularly preferably between 340 nm and 420 nm. Thus, with a semiconductor chip having primary radiation in the near-ultraviolet range or in the blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum, the luminescent material (Rb r* Na 1-r* ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :E or (Rb r* Na 1-r* )Li 3 SiO 4 :E, where 0<r*<0.4, especially (Na 0.75 R 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ It is particularly suitable for backlighting applications. As can be seen: AB9 can also excite efficiently in the blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum compared to VB1.

[0780] Fig.95 The emission spectrum of the ninth embodiment AB9 of the luminescent material according to the present invention at an excitation wavelength of 400 nm is shown. Fig.96 A comparison of conventional luminescent materials VB1 and VB4 is described below.

[0781] Fig.96 The ninth embodiment AB9 of the phosphor according to the present invention shows different optical properties compared with conventional phosphors VB1 and VB4. Here, VB1 represents the formula BaMgAl 10 O 17 :Eu luminescent material, and VB4 represents (Ba 0.75 Sr 0.25 )Si 2 O 2 N 2 :Eu luminescent material. All three luminescent materials show similar main wavelengths and peak wavelengths. However, the luminescent material AB9 according to the present invention shows a significantly smaller half-value width than the comparative example.

[0782] Fig.97 Schematic diagram showing the luminescent material (Na 0.75 R 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+The black circles represent Rb atoms and the white filled circles represent Na atoms. The luminescent material AB9 is similar to the third embodiment (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The same space group I4 / m crystal. Luminescent material (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ and (Na 0.75 R 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The crystal structure has the same (Li 3 SiO 4 ) structural unit. 3 SiO 4 ) structural unit has SiO 4 Tetrahedron and LiO 4 Tetrahedron, wherein oxygen occupies the corners and Li or Si occupies the center of the tetrahedron. The occupancy of the channels within the structural unit varies in the luminescent material. (K 0.5 Na 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ Contains two channels, one of which is occupied only by K and the other is occupied only by Na. (Na 0.75 R 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ It also contains two channels, one of which is occupied only by Na and the other is occupied alternately with a mixture of Na and Rb.

[0783] exist Fig.98 In the middle is the crystallographic evaluation. Fig.98 The Rietveld refinement of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the ninth example AB9 is shown. 0.75 R 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 : The measured reflection of Eu is superimposed with the calculated reflection and the difference between the measured reflection and the calculated reflection is shown. The small proportion of phosphor is replaced by NaLi 3 SiO 4 pollute.

[0784] Fig.99 Shown (Na0.75 R 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Crystallographic data of Eu.

[0785] Fig.100 Shown in (Na 0.75 R 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 : Atomic positions in the structure of Eu.

[0786] exist Fig.101 The relative brightness in % is plotted against the temperature in ° C. As can be seen, Example AB9 of the luminescent material according to the invention exhibits a high thermal stability. Fig.101 The thermal quenching characteristics of the luminescent material AB9 according to the present invention are shown in FIG. 10 O 17 :Eu(VB1). The luminescent material was excited with blue primary radiation with a wavelength of 400 nm at different temperatures from 25°C to 225°C and its emission intensity between 410 nm and 780 nm was recorded. It is clearly visible that at temperatures above 100°C, the luminescent material AB9 according to the invention has a significantly smaller loss of luminous intensity. Compared to an emission intensity of 100% at 25°C, AB9 always still shows an emission intensity of more than 95% at a temperature of 225°C.

[0787] exist Fig.102 The chemical formula SrSiAl 0.84 Li 2.16 O 1.32 N 2.68 :Eu emission spectrum of the tenth embodiment AB10 of the luminescent material according to the invention. To measure the emission spectrum, a single crystal of the luminescent material according to the invention was excited with a primary radiation of 460 nm wavelength. The luminescent material has a peak wavelength of approximately 628.7 nm and a dominant wavelength of 598 nm. The half-value width is at 99 nm and the color point is at the coordinates CIE-x:0.617 and CIE-y:0.381 in the CIE color space.

[0788] exist Fig.103 The chemical formula SrSiAl 0.84 Li 2.16 O 1.32 N 2.68:Eu emission spectrum of the tenth embodiment AB10 of the luminescent material according to the invention. To measure the emission spectrum, the powder of the luminescent material according to the invention was excited with primary radiation of 460 nm wavelength. The luminescent material has a peak wavelength of approximately 632 nm and a dominant wavelength of 600 nm. The half-value width is located at 97.7 nm and the color point is at the coordinates CIE-x: 0.626 and CIE-y: 0.372 in the CIE color space. Due to self-absorption, the emission spectrum of the powder is Fig.102 The emission spectrum of the single crystal has a smaller half-value width.

[0789] Fig.104 The normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) for a tenth exemplary embodiment (AB10) of a phosphor according to the invention, plotted against a wavelength λ in nm, is shown. The phosphor according to the invention can be effectively excited with primary radiation in the range between 340 nm and 500 nm, preferably between 340 nm and 460 nm.

[0790] exist Fig.105 The chemical formula SrSiAl 0.84 Li 2.16 O 1.32 N 2.68 The emission spectrum of the tenth embodiment AB10 of the luminescent material according to the present invention of Eu and the emission spectrum of the luminescent material having the general chemical formula Sr(Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 Two other examples of luminescent materials (AB-10a and AB-10b) were prepared as in AB10, with the weights described in the table below.

[0791] Weighing of reactants for AB-10a

[0792]

[0793] Weighing of reactants for AB-10b

[0794]

[0795] As can be seen, by changing the formula Sr(Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 In r**, the peak wavelength can be shifted from the yellow spectral range to the red spectral range. Fig.106 A comparison of the optical properties of AB10, AB-10a and AB-10b is shown in FIG. Known luminescent materials that exhibit emission in this spectral range are α-SiAlON:Eu or (Ca, Sr, Ba) 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu. But α-SiAlONe is stronger than Sr(Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 The peak wavelength shows less tunability and is therefore limited in its application. 2 Si 5 N 8 Eu shows better adjustability of the peak wavelength, but its use is associated with high costs due to expensive reactants such as alkaline earth metal nitrides and high synthesis temperatures greater than 1400°C. 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 :E or Sr(Si 0.25 Al -1 / 8+r** / 2 Li 7 / 8-r** / 2 ) 4 (O 1-r** N r** ) 4 :E, where 0.25≤r**≤1, can be specifically adjusted in terms of the desired color position and / or color reproduction factor according to requirements or applications. Thus, surprisingly, a variety of colors in the visible range, especially from yellow to red, can be produced with only one luminescent material. The luminescent material is particularly suitable for conversion light-emitting diodes, which are designed to emit yellow to red radiation or white radiation.

[0796] Fig.107 Schematic diagram of the luminescent material SrSiAl along the crystallographic c-axis 0.84 Li 2.16 O 1.32 N 2.68 : The tetragonal crystal structure of Eu. The shaded circles represent Sr atoms and the shaded areas represent (Li, Si, Al)(O, N) 4 Tetrahedron. The luminescent material AB10 is based on UCr 4 C 4The structure type is crystalline. Sr atoms are located in tetrahedral channels connected by corner-bonded and edge-bonded (Li,Si,Al)(O,N) 4 Tetrahedron formation. The luminescent material crystallizes in space group I4 / m.

[0797] Fig.108 SrSiAl 0.84 Li 2.16 O 1.32 N 2.68 :Crystallographic data of Eu.

[0798] Fig.109 Shown in SrSiAl 0.84 Li 2.16 O 1.32 N 2.68 : Atomic positions in the structure of Eu.

[0799] Fig.110 SrSiAl 0.84 Li 2.16 O 1.32 N 2.68 : Anisotropic displacement parameter of Eu.

[0800] Fig.111 The crystallographic evaluation of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the tenth example AB10 is shown. 0.84 Li 2.16 O 1.32 N 2.68 : The measured reflection of Eu is superimposed with the calculated reflection. The upper part of the graph shows the experimentally observed reflection (Cu-K α1 The lower part of the diagram shows the calculated reflection positions. The calculation is based on Figures 107 to 110 Described in the SrSiAl 0.84 Li 2.16 O 1.32 N 2.68 :Structural model of Eu. Reflections of the secondary phases are marked with *. The secondary phases are present in very small proportions.

[0801] exist Fig.112 The chemical formula Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :Eu, wherein y**=0.2224, the emission spectrum of the eleventh embodiment AB11 of the luminescent material according to the present invention is similar to that of the first embodiment AB1NaLi 3 SiO 4The luminescent material AB11 has a peak wavelength of approximately 613.4 nm and a dominant wavelength of 593.6 nm. The half-value width is located at 105 nm and the color point is at the coordinates CIE-x: 0.595 and CIE-y: 0.404 in the CIE color space. The different properties of AB1 and AB11, especially Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :Eu (where y**=0.2224) and NaLi 3 SiO 4 The reason why the peak wavelength of Eu is shifted to a longer wavelength range is due to the stronger electron cloud expansion effect of nitrogen atoms, which are present in the mixed phase Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :Eu (where y** = 0.2224) includes an activator ion, here Eu 2+ ions. The higher the nitrogen content around the activator ions, the longer the peak wavelength. 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** : The y** value in Eu increases and the peak wavelength shifts in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum, especially in the range between 470nm and 670nm. Therefore, the luminescent material (MA) 1-y*** Sr y*** Li 3-2y*** Al 3y*** Si 1-y*** O 4-4y*** N 4y*** :E or Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :E, where 0<y***<0.875 is therefore particularly suitable for lighting devices or conversion LEDs, for example for flashlights in motor vehicles, in which luminescent materials with very specific properties are required (so-called "color on demand" applications).

[0802] exist Fig.113 The optical data of AB11 are shown in FIG.

[0803] Fig.114 Schematic diagram of the luminescent material Na along the crystallographic c-axis 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** : The tetragonal crystal structure of Eu (where y** = 0.2224) (AB11). The shaded circles represent Na / Eu atoms and the shaded areas represent (Li, Si, Al) (O, N) 4 Tetrahedron. Luminescent material AB11 is based on UCr 4 C 4 The structure type is crystalline. The Na and Eu atoms are in tetrahedral channels that are connected by corner-bonded and edge-bonded (Li,Si,Al)(O,N) 4 Tetrahedron formation. The luminescent material crystallizes in space group I4 / m. For example, for the formula Sr[Mg 2 Al 2 N 4 ]:Eu 2+ Phosphors of are known (WO 2013 / 175336 A1 or P. Pust et al., Chem. Mater., 2014, 26, 6113). Surprisingly, it has now been shown that phosphors can also be synthesized with a nitrogen content of less than 87.5% and are stable.

[0804] Fig.115 Shows Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :Crystallographic data of Eu, where y**=0.2224.

[0805] Fig.116 Shown in Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** : Atomic position in the structure of Eu, where y**=0.2224.

[0806] Fig.117 Shows Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y**Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** : Anisotropic displacement parameter of Eu, where y**=0.2224.

[0807] Fig.118a The crystallographic evaluation of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the eleventh example AB11 is shown. 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** : Comparison of the measured and calculated reflections of Eu, where y** = 0.2224. The upper part of the graph shows the experimentally observed reflections (Mo-K α1 The lower part of the diagram shows the calculated reflection positions. The calculation is based on Figures 114 to 117 Described in 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** The calculated reflections of the powder diffraction pattern are consistent with those of the measured powder diffraction pattern, indicating that the crystal structures of the powder and single crystal of the luminescent material are consistent.

[0808] exist Fig.118b Na 1-y** Eu y** Li 3-2y** Al 3y** Si 1-y** O 4-4y** N 4y** :Eu (where y**=0.1)(AB11-1), Na 1-y* Ca y* Li 3-2y* Al 3y* Si 1-y* O 4-4y* N 4y* :Eu (where y*=0.25) (AB6-1; AB6-2) and Na 1-y*** Sr y*** Li 3-2y*** Al 3y*** Si 1-y*** O 4-4y*** N 4y*** :Eu (where y***=0.25) (AB18) emission spectrum. Fig.119A comparison of optical properties is shown in FIG.

[0809] Fig.120 A section of the CIE color space is shown. In this section, the area provided with ECE corresponds to the color position in the yellow or yellow-orange color range for flashing lights in the exterior area of ​​a motor vehicle, which color position complies with the ECE regulations (ECE: Economic Commission for Europe). The ECE regulations are a catalog of internationally recognized, uniform technical regulations for parts of motor vehicles and equipment items of motor vehicles). Also shown is the eleventh embodiment AB11 and the comparative example (Sr, Ca, Ba) 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu (Comp 258). The color positions of both luminescent materials are within the ECE range and are therefore suitable for use in conversion LEDs for flashlights in motor vehicles. 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu In contrast, the luminescent material AB11 according to the invention can be produced at lower temperatures. Compared with yellow or yellow-orange LEDs based on InGaAlP, yellow or yellow-orange conversion LEDs (complete conversion) with AB11 are more efficient and more temperature-stable.

[0810] Fig.121 The color positions of AB11 and Comp 258 are shown.

[0811] exist Fig.122 The chemical formula SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu (where x**=0.2014) and the emission spectrum of the single crystal of the twelfth embodiment AB12 of the luminescent material according to the present invention and the comparative example (Ca, Sr, Ba) 2 SiO 4 :Eu. The luminescent material AB12 has a peak wavelength of approximately 580.3 nm and a dominant wavelength of 576.5 nm. The half-value width is located at 80 nm and the color point is at the coordinates CIE-x: 0.486 and CIE-y: 0.506 in the CIE color space. Fig.123 AB12 and (Ca, Sr, Ba) are shown in 2 SiO 4 :Comparison of optical data of Eu. (MB)Li 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu or SrLi3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** Eu is suitable for use in colored conversion LEDs, where 0<x**<0.875, in particular x**=0.2014, in which the primary radiation is completely or almost completely converted into secondary radiation and can therefore be used in particular for "color on demand" applications. Fig.123 As shown in Figure 2, the conversion LED with AB12 is better than that with (Ca, Sr, Ba) 2 SiO 4 :Eu conversion LEDs have higher light output.

[0812] Fig.124 The emission spectrum of the conversion LED is shown. The emission spectrum of the conversion LED with the twelfth exemplary embodiment AB12 and the luminescent material as a comparative example with a primary radiation of 442 nm is shown. The emission spectrum of the white color is shown, in which the total radiation consists of the primary radiation and the corresponding secondary radiation. Fig.125 The optical data are shown in . Due to the smaller half-value width of AB12 than the comparative example, the conversion LED with the luminescent material AB12 according to the invention has a higher light output (LER) because the overlap with the eye sensitivity curve is greater than in the comparative example. Therefore, (MB)Li 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu or SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu, where 0<x**<0.875, in particular the twelfth embodiment is particularly suitable for use as the sole luminescent material in a conversion LED for generating a warm white total radiation, in particular with a color temperature of 3400K±100K, in combination with a primary radiation in the ultraviolet to blue range, for example with an InGaN-based layer sequence. 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce does not reach the color temperature of 3400K±100K and the color position close to the Planck curve. 3 Al 5 O 12 : Modification of Ce, such as (Y, Lu, Gd, Tb) 3 (Al,Ga) 5 O 12 :Ce( Fig.125 ) results in the desired color position and color temperature, but the light output is less than when using Y 3 Al 5 O12 :Ce is smaller and has higher thermal quenching properties. Orthosilicates such as (Ca, Sr, Ba) 2 SiO 4 :Eu to Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce is thermally and chemically more unstable and also has a poorer light output than the conversion LED with AB12.

[0813] Fig.114 and Fig.160 Schematic diagram of the luminescent material SrLi along the crystallographic c-axis 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** : The tetragonal crystal structure of Eu, where x** = 0.2014 (AB12). The shaded circles represent Sr atoms and the shaded areas represent (Li, Al)(O, N) 4 Tetrahedron. Luminescent material AB12 is based on UCr 4 C 4 Structure type crystallization. The luminescent material is crystallized in space group I4 / m. For example, for the formula Sr[Mg 2 Al 2 N 4 ]:Eu 2+ The luminescent materials are known (WO 2013 / 175336A1 or P. Pust et al., Chem. Mater., 2014, 26, 6113). (Li, Al) (O, N) 4 The tetrahedra form tetrahedral channels in which the Sr atoms are arranged. Surprisingly, it has now been shown that phosphors having a nitrogen content of less than 87.5% can also be synthesized and are stable. Formula SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** The luminescent material of :Eu is crystallized in this crystal type, which can be shown according to Examples AB12-1 to AB12-8, where x**≥0.1250. As x** increases, the volume of the unit cell increases and the peak wavelength shifts toward a longer wavelength.

[0814] Fig.126 SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Crystallographic data of Eu(AB12), where x**=0.2014.

[0815] Fig.127 Shown in SrLi 3-2x** Al1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** : Atomic positions in the structure of Eu(AB12), where x**=0.2014.

[0816] Fig.128 SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** : Anisotropic displacement parameter of Eu(AB12), where x**=0.2014.

[0817] exist Fig.129 The chemical formula (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The emission spectrum of the AB13 luminescent material according to the present invention. In order to measure the emission spectrum, the powder of the luminescent material according to the present invention is excited with primary radiation of a wavelength of 400 nm. The luminescent material has a half-value width of 46 nm, a peak wavelength of 530 nm and a dominant wavelength of 532 nm. The color point is located at the coordinates CIE-x: 0.222 and CIE-y: 0.647. The optical properties are similar to those of the eighth embodiment. The peak at about 490 nm may be attributed to the CsNa 2 K(Li 3 SiO 4 ) 4 :Eu 2+ pollute.

[0818] Fig.130 The normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) for AB13 is plotted against the wavelength λ in nm. Phosphors can be excited efficiently with primary radiation in the blue range.

[0819] exist Fig.131 The chemical formula (Cs 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The emission spectrum of the AB14 according to the luminescent material of the present invention. To measure the emission spectrum, the powder of the luminescent material according to the present invention was excited with a primary radiation of a wavelength of 400 nm. The luminescent material has a half-value width of 26 nm, a peak wavelength of 486 nm and a dominant wavelength of 497 nm. The color point is located at CIE-x: 0.138 and CIE-y: 0.419.

[0820] Fig.132 The normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) for AB14 is plotted against the wavelength λ in nm. Phosphors can be excited efficiently with primary radiation in the blue range.

[0821] exist Fig.133 The chemical formula (Rb 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The emission spectrum of the AB15 of the luminescent material according to the invention. To measure the emission spectrum, the powder of the luminescent material according to the invention was excited with primary radiation of a wavelength of 400 nm. The luminescent material has a half-value width of 27 nm, a peak wavelength of 480 nm and a dominant wavelength of 490 nm. The color point is at CIE-x: 0.139 and CIE-y: 0.313. The peak at about 530 nm may be attributed to the generation of the luminescent material by RbNa(Li 3 SiO 4 ) 2 or K 2 NaLi(Li 3 SiO 4 ) 4 pollute.

[0822] Fig.134 The normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) for AB15 is plotted against the wavelength λ in nm. Phosphors can be excited efficiently with primary radiation in the blue range.

[0823] exist Fig.135 The chemical formula (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 R 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The emission spectrum of the AB16 luminescent material according to the invention. To measure the emission spectrum, the powder of the luminescent material according to the invention was excited with primary radiation of a wavelength of 400 nm. The luminescent material has a half-value width of 24 nm, a peak wavelength of 473 nm and a dominant wavelength of 489 nm. The peak at about 530 nm may be attributed to the generation of the luminescent material by RbNa(Li 3 SiO 4 ) 2 pollute.

[0824] The optical properties of AB 14, AB 15 and AB 16 are similar to those of AB9 and AB3.

[0825] Fig.136 The normalized Kubelka-Munk function (K / S) for AB16 is plotted against the wavelength λ in nm. Phosphors can be excited efficiently with primary radiation in the blue range.

[0826] Fig.137 Shown is a chemical formula (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The tetragonal crystal structure of AB13 of the luminescent material according to the present invention. The black circles represent Cs atoms and the white filled circles represent Li atoms, the crossed circles represent K atoms and the rhombus-drawn circles represent Na atoms. The crystal structure is similar to the crystal structure of the ninth example AB9, and AB13 is crystallized in the same space group I4 / m. (Li 3 SiO 4 ) structural unit has SiO 4 Tetrahedron and LiO 4 Tetrahedron, where oxygen occupies the corners and Li or Si occupies the center of the tetrahedron. (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 K 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ In (Li 3 SiO 4 ) structural unit contains two channels, one of which is occupied by Na and Li and the other is occupied alternately by Cs and K. The arrangement of Na and Li within the channel corresponds to that of AB7. The exact arrangement of Na and Li within the channel cannot be determined by X-ray diffraction.

[0827] Fig.138 Shown is a chemical formula (Cs 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The tetragonal crystal structure of AB14 of the luminescent material according to the present invention. The black circles represent Cs atoms, the crossed circles represent K atoms and the rhombus circles represent Na atoms. The crystal structure is similar to the crystal structure of the ninth example AB9, and AB13 is crystallized in the same space group I4 / M. (Li 3 SiO 4 ) structural unit has SiO4 Tetrahedron and LiO 4 Tetrahedron, where oxygen occupies the corners and Li or Si occupies the center of the tetrahedron. (Cs 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ In (Li 3 SiO 4 ) structural unit contains two channels, one of which is occupied by Na and the other is occupied alternately by Cs and K.

[0828] Fig.139 Shown is a chemical formula (Rb 0.25 Na 0.5 K 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The tetragonal crystal structure of AB15 of the luminescent material according to the present invention. The black circles represent Rb atoms, the crossed circles represent K atoms and the rhombus circles represent Na atoms. The crystal structure is isomorphic to AB14, in which the position of the Cs atom is occupied by the Rb atom.

[0829] Fig.140 Shown is a chemical formula (Cs 0.25 Na 0.25 R 0.25 Li 0.25 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu 2+ The tetragonal crystal structure of AB16 of the luminescent material according to the present invention. The black circles represent Cs atoms, the crossed circles represent Rb atoms, the rhombus circles represent Na atoms and the white circles represent Li atoms. The crystal structure is isomorphic to AB13, in which the position of the K atom is occupied by the Rb atom.

[0830] Figures 141 to 144 Each shows AB13 ( Fig.141 )、AB14( Fig.142 )、AB15( Fig.143 ) and AB16( Fig.144 ). The diagram shows the superposition of the measured reflections and the difference between the measured reflections and the calculated reflections.

[0831] Fig.145 Crystallographic data are shown and Fig.146 The atomic positions of AB13 are shown.

[0832] Fig.147 Crystallographic data are shown and Fig.148 The atomic positions of AB14 are shown.

[0833] Fig.149 Crystallographic data are shown and Fig.150 The atomic positions of AB15 are shown.

[0834] Fig.151 Crystallographic data are shown and Figure 152a The atomic positions of AB16 are shown.

[0835] exist Figure 152b The chemical formula SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu 2+ The emission spectra of the single crystals of the luminescent materials AB12-1 and AB12-2 in the luminescent materials according to the present invention, wherein x**=0.125 (AB12-1) and x**=0.1375 (AB12-2). Fig.153 The optical characteristics are shown in FIG.

[0836] exist Fig.154 The luminescent material SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu 2+ The emission spectrum of a single crystal, where x**<0.125. Luminescent material SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu 2+ (where x**<0.125) has a smaller half-value width than the luminescent material (where x**≥0.125). Fig.155 The optical properties are shown in the formula SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu 2+ The crystal structure of the luminescent material (where x**<0.125) is similar to that of UCr 4 C 4 The structural types are similar, and of course, the reflections in the single crystal diffraction data point to a higher degree of order. This produces a higher degree of order, consisting of UCr 4 C 4 The crystal structure is derived from the structural type of. Surprisingly, the luminescent material with a higher oxygen content shows a higher degree of order within the crystal structure. The smaller half-value width is attributed to the higher degree of order of the crystal structure.

[0837] exist Fig.156 where SrLi with different shares x** 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu single crystal and powder relative to the formula SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** The cell volume of the unit cell of the crystal structure of the luminescent material :Eu (wherein x**≥0.1250) shows the peak wavelength λpeak expressed in nm. The difference in the peak wavelength when measuring powder and single crystal is determined by the reabsorption effect in the powder measurement, which can cause a long-wave shift of the observed peak wavelength. The peak wavelength can be adjusted by adjusting the cell volume of the unit cell. As x** increases, the cell volume of the unit cell increases and at the same time the peak wavelength shifts to a range of longer wavelengths. By varying x**≥0.125, the peak wavelength can advantageously be shifted from the green spectral range to the red spectral range. Fig.157 The unit cell volume (V) and peak wavelength for different fractions x** are shown in FIG. 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** Eu is interesting for a wide variety of applications. In particular, it is possible to provide luminescent materials having a Y emission in the yellow region. 3 Al 5 O 12 :Peak wavelength of Ce, emission of orange light (Ca, Sr, Ba) 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu's peak wavelength and red-emitting (Sr,Ca)SiAlN 3 : The peak wavelength between the peak wavelengths of Eu.

[0838] Fig.158 Shown is a chemical formula SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu 2+ Crystallographic data of single crystals of phosphors AB12-1 and AB12-2 according to the phosphor of the present invention, wherein x**=0.125 (AB12-1) and x**=0.1375 (AB12-2).

[0839] Fig.159 Shown for SrLi in AB12-2 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x**N 4x** :Eu 2+ The positions of atoms in the structure.

[0840] exist Fig.161 The chemical formula Na 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu emission spectrum of AB17 of the luminescent material according to the present invention. In order to measure the emission spectrum, a single crystal of the luminescent material according to the present invention is excited with primary radiation of a wavelength of 460nm. The curves marked with Peak1 and Peak2 are restored to two Gaussian curves for describing the total emission with two emission peaks. The measured curves are consistent with the two Gaussian curves used as calculated curves. The wavelength of the emission peak with the maximum intensity is called the peak wavelength. The wavelength of the emission peak with a smaller intensity is called the relative emission maximum. Fig.162 The data generated by the spectra are summarized in .

[0841] exist Fig.163 The phosphors according to the invention (Na r K 1-r ) 1 Li 3 SiO 4 :Emission spectra of three embodiments of Eu, where 0.05<r<0.2. The embodiments also show broad emission spectra.

[0842] Fig.164 An overview of the simulated optical data of a conversion LED is shown. A blue-emitting semiconductor chip based on InGaN is used as the primary radiation source, the peak wavelength of the primary radiation being at 438 nm or 443 nm. The luminescent materials used for converting the primary radiation are AB17 and (Lu, Y) 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce. The comparative examples are denoted by Comp1, Comp2 and Comp3 and the embodiments according to the present invention are denoted by AB17-LED1 and AB17-LED2. In all conversion LEDs, the total radiation of the conversion LED is generated from the superposition of primary radiation and secondary radiation. The color position of the total radiation is all located in the range of cold white with a color temperature greater than 8000K near the color position of the Planck radiator. Surprisingly, the embodiments according to the present invention have high color reproduction coefficients of CRI>80 and R9>50, while the comparative examples only have CRI<70 and R9<0. This can be attributed to the wide emission of the luminescent material AB17 from the green to red spectral range. Thereby, the luminescent material (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA)3 (TD) 1 (XB) 4 :Eu (where 0.05<r<0.2), especially (Na r K 1-r ) 1 Li 3 SiO 4 Eu is particularly suitable for conversion LEDs for general lighting. The luminescent material can advantageously be used as the only luminescent material in a conversion LED for general lighting.

[0843] exist Fig.165 Shown in Fig.164 As can be seen, the color positions are all close to the color position of the Planck radiator.

[0844] exist Fig.166 Shown in Fig.164 Emission spectra of the conversion LEDComp2 and AB17-LED2.

[0845] Fig.167 An overview of the optical data of a simulation of a conversion LED is shown. A blue-emitting semiconductor chip based on InGaN is used as the primary radiation source, with a peak wavelength at 443 nm, 446 nm or 433 nm. The luminescent materials used for converting the primary radiation are AB17 and Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 Comparative examples are denoted by Comp4 and Comp5 and embodiments according to the present invention are denoted by AB17-LED3, AB17-LED4 and AB17-LED5. In the embodiments according to the present invention, only AB17 is used as the luminescent material, while in the comparative examples, Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 : In addition to Ce, a second luminescent material CaAlSiN is used to emit red light 3 :Eu. Surprisingly, the total radiation according to an embodiment of the invention has a very large overlap with the transmission area of ​​standard filters and filters for larger color spaces (HCG, High Color Gamut), so that only a small amount of light is lost and the achievable color space is as large as possible. As can be seen: With an embodiment of the invention having only one luminescent material, a higher and partially greater coverage of the colors of the sRBG color space can be achieved than with a comparative example in which two luminescent materials are used. Thereby, the luminescent material (Na r K 1-r ) 1 (TA) 3 (TD) 1(XB) 4 :Eu(where 0.05<r≤0.2), especially (Na r K 1-r ) 1 Li 3 SiO 4 Eu is particularly suitable for conversion LEDs for backlighting applications. The luminescent material can advantageously be used as the only luminescent material in a conversion LED for backlighting applications.

[0846] exist Fig.168 Shown in Fig.167 Emission spectra of the conversion LEDComp5 and AB17-LED5.

[0847] Fig.169 and 170 Show Fig.167 The expanded color space of the filtered total radiation of the different conversion LEDs and its overlap with the sRGB color space. It can be seen that with the embodiments AB17-LED3 and AB17-LED5, a large bandwidth of colors can be reproduced, especially in the green corner of the expanded chromaticity diagram, more colors can be achieved than with the comparative example.

[0848] Fig.171 Schematic diagram of the luminescent material Na along the crystallographic c-axis 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 :Unit cell of the tetrahedral crystal structure of Eu(AB17). The tightly shaded circles represent Na atoms and the white circles represent K atoms. The shaded area represents LiO 4 Tetrahedrons, the densely shaded areas represent SiO 4 Tetrahedron. LiO 4 Tetrahedron and SiO 4 The tetrahedrons are corner-bonded and edge-bonded and constitute channels in which Na atoms and K atoms are disposed. The crystal structure is similar to those of AB3, AB7, AB8, AB9, AB13, AB14, AB15, and AB16.

[0849] In particular, two channels are contained in the crystal structure. In one channel, only K atoms are arranged, and in the other channel, Na atoms and K atoms are arranged. SiO 4 Tetrahedra (closely shaded) are arranged in a spiral around the channel that contains only K atoms ( Fig.172 ). Inside the channel where Na and K atoms are arranged, Na atoms (closely shaded circles) are composed of SiO 4 Tetrahedral distortion tetrahedronally encloses (black area; Fig.173).exist Fig.172 A channel containing only K atoms is shown in Fig.173 A channel containing K atoms and Na atoms is shown in FIG. The arrangement order of K atoms and Na atoms inside the channel is NaKKKNaKKK. Fig.172 and Fig.173 The partial view of the crystal structure is perpendicular to the crystallographic c-axis.

[0850] Fig.174 Shows Na 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 :Crystallographic data of Eu(AB17).

[0851] Fig.175 Shown in Na 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 : Atomic positions in the structure of Eu(AB17).

[0852] Fig.176 Shows Na 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 : Anisotropic displacement parameters of Eu(AB17).

[0853] Fig.177 The crystallographic evaluation of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the seventeenth example AB17 is shown. 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 : Comparison of the measured and calculated reflectance of Eu. The upper part of the graph shows the experimentally observed reflectance (Mo-K α1 The lower part of the diagram shows the calculated reflection positions. The calculation is based on Figures 171 to 176 Described in 0.125 K 0.875 Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu structural model. The reflection of the secondary phase is indicated by *. The consistency of the reflection of the calculated powder diffraction pattern with the reflection of the measured powder diffraction pattern shows that the crystal structure of the powder and the single crystal of the luminescent material is consistent.

[0854] according to Fig.178The conversion LED has a layer sequence 2, which is arranged on a substrate 10. The substrate 10 can be designed in a reflective manner, for example. A conversion element 3 in the form of a layer is arranged above the layer sequence 2. The layer sequence 2 has an active layer (not shown), which emits a primary radiation with a wavelength of 300 nm to 500 nm during operation of the conversion LED. The conversion element is arranged in the beam path of the primary electromagnetic radiation S. The conversion element 3 comprises a matrix material, i.e., for example, silicone and a luminescent material (Rb 2 ) with an average particle size of 10 μm. 0.5 Li 0.5 )Li 3 SiO 4 :Eu particles, the matrix material at least partially converts the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation in the green range of the electromagnetic spectrum during the operation of the conversion LED. In the conversion element 3, the luminescent material is uniformly distributed in the matrix material within the range of manufacturing tolerances. The conversion element 3 is applied to the radiation exit surface 2a of the layer sequence 2 and the side of the layer sequence 2 over the entire surface and is in direct mechanical contact with the radiation exit surface 2a of the layer sequence 2 and the side of the layer sequence 2. The primary radiation can also be emitted through the side of the layer sequence 2.

[0855] The conversion material 3 can be applied, for example, by an injection molding method, a die-casting method or a spraying method. The conversion LED also has electrical contacts (not shown), the design and arrangement of which are known to those skilled in the art.

[0856] exist Fig.179 Another embodiment of the conversion LED 1 is shown in FIG. Fig.68 Similarly, the conversion element 3 is formed as a thin plate. The thin plate is composed of sintered particles of luminescent material and is thus a ceramic thin plate or a thin plate, for example, with glass, silicone, epoxy resin, polysilazane, polymethacrylate or polycarbonate as a matrix material with particles of luminescent particles embedded therein. The conversion element 3 is applied over the radiation exit surface 2a of the layer sequence 2 over the entire surface. In particular, the primary radiation is not emitted via the side of the layer sequence 2, but mainly via the radiation exit surface 2a. The conversion element 3 can be applied to the layer sequence 2 via an adhesive layer (not shown), for example, composed of silicone.

[0857] according to Fig.180 The conversion LED 1 has a housing 11 with a recess. A layer sequence 2 is arranged in the recess, the layer sequence having an active layer (not shown) which emits primary radiation with a wavelength of 300 nm to 460 nm during operation of the conversion LED. A conversion element 3 is formed in the recess as an encapsulation of the layer sequence 2 and comprises a matrix material, for example silicone, and a phosphor, for example KLi. 3 SiO 4:Eu, the luminescent material at least partially converts the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary radiation during the operation of the conversion LED 1, which stimulates the white luminous impression. It is also possible that the luminescent material in the conversion element 3 is spatially concentrated above the radiation exit surface 2a. This can be achieved, for example, by sedimentation.

[0858] The present invention is not limited to this by the description based on the exemplary embodiments. Rather, the present invention includes every new feature and every combination of features, which is especially every combination of features contained in the exemplary embodiments, even if this feature or this combination itself is not described in detail in the exemplary embodiments.

[0859] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the following additional notes are also disclosed:

[0860] 1. A lighting device, comprising a luminescent material having a chemical formula

[0861] (MA) a (MB) b (MC) c (MD) d (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (TE) i (TF) j (XA) k (XB) l (XC) m (XD) n :E,

[0862] in

[0863] -MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0864] MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni, Fe, Co and combinations thereof,

[0865] -MC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising Y, Fe, Cr, Sc, In, rare earth metals and combinations thereof,

[0866] - MD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Zr, Hf, Mn, Ce and combinations thereof,

[0867] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0868] - TB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni and combinations thereof,

[0869] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga, In, Y, Fe, Cr, Sc, rare earth metals and combinations thereof,

[0870] - TD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ce and combinations thereof,

[0871] -TE is selected from pentavalent elements, the pentavalent elements comprising P, Ta, Nb, V and combinations thereof,

[0872] - TF is selected from hexavalent elements, the hexavalent elements comprising W, Mo and combinations thereof,

[0873] -XA is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and combinations thereof,

[0874] -XB is selected from the following elements, the elements including O, S and combinations thereof,

[0875] -XC=N,

[0876] -XD=C,

[0877] - E = Eu, Ce, Yb and / or Mn,

[0878] -a+b+c+d=t

[0879] -e+f+g+h+i+j=u

[0880] -k+l+m+n=v

[0881] -a+2b+3c+4d+e+2f+3g+4h+5i+6j-k-2l-3m-4n=w

[0882] -0.8≤t≤1

[0883] -3.5≤u≤4

[0884] -3.5≤v≤4

[0885] -(-0.2)≤w≤0.2 and

[0886] 0≤m<0.875v and / or v≥l>0.125v.

[0887] 2. A lighting device according to Note 1, wherein the luminescent material has a crystal structure in which TA, TB, TC, TD, TE and / or TF are surrounded by XA, XB, XC and / or XD, and the structural units generated therefrom are combined via common corners and edges into a three-dimensional spatial network having a cavity or channel, and MA, MB, MC and / or MD are arranged in the cavity or channel.

[0888] 3. A lighting device according to any one of the above notes,

[0889] The luminescent material has the following general chemical formula:

[0890] (MA) a (MB) b (TA) e (TB) f (TC) g (TD) h (XB) l (XC) m ,

[0891] in

[0892] -MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0893] MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni, Fe, Co and combinations thereof,

[0894] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0895] - TB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Zn, Mn, Eu, Yb, Ni and combinations thereof,

[0896] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga, In, Y, Fe, Cr, Sc, rare earth metals and combinations thereof,

[0897] - TD is selected from tetravalent metals, the tetravalent metals comprising Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ce and combinations thereof,

[0898] -XB is selected from the following elements, the elements including O, S and combinations thereof,

[0899] -XC=N

[0900] -a+b=t

[0901] -e+f+g+h=u

[0902] -l+m=v

[0903] -a+2b+e+2f+3g+4h-2l-3m=w

[0904] -0.8≤t≤1

[0905] -3.5≤u≤4

[0906] -3.5≤v≤4

[0907] -(-0.2)≤w≤0.2 and

[0908] 0≤m<0.875v and / or v≥l>0.125v.

[0909] 4. The lighting device according to Note 3, wherein

[0910] -MA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and combinations thereof,

[0911] -MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals comprising Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu and combinations thereof,

[0912] -TA is selected from monovalent metals, the monovalent metals comprising Li, Na, Cu, Ag and combinations thereof,

[0913] -TB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals include Eu,

[0914] -TC is selected from trivalent metals, the trivalent metals comprising B, Al, Ga, In and combinations thereof,

[0915] -TD is selected from tetravalent metals including Si, Ge, Sn, Mn, Ti and combinations thereof,

[0916] -XB=O.

[0917] 5. A lighting device according to any one of the above notes,

[0918] The lighting device is a conversion type light emitting diode (1), and the conversion type light emitting diode comprises

[0919] a primary radiation source (2) which is designed to emit primary electromagnetic radiation during operation of the diode,

[0920] A conversion element (3) comprising a luminescent material, which is arranged in the beam path of the primary electromagnetic radiation, wherein the luminescent material is designed to at least partially convert the primary electromagnet...

Claims

1. A lighting device, comprising a luminescent material, wherein the luminescent material has a general formula (MB)Li 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :E, wherein 0<x**<0.875, MB is selected from divalent metals, the divalent metals include Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn and combinations thereof and E=Eu.

2. The lighting device according to claim 1, Wherein the luminescent material has the formula SrLi 3-2x** Al 1+2x** O 4-4x** N 4x** :Eu.

3. The lighting device according to claim 1 or 2, Where 0.125≤x**<0.

875.

4. The lighting device according to claim 1 or 2, Where 0.125≤x**≤0.

5.

5. The lighting device according to claim 1 or 2, Where 0.125≤x**≤0.

45.

6. The lighting device according to claim 1 or 2, The light-emitting material is crystallized in a tetragonal system.

7. The lighting device according to claim 1 or 2, The luminescent material is crystallized in space group I4 / m.

8. The lighting device according to claim 1 or 2, The lighting device is a conversion LED and comprises a primary radiation source, which is designed to emit primary electromagnetic radiation during operation of the conversion LED, and a conversion element, which is arranged in the beam path of the primary electromagnetic radiation, The conversion element comprises a phosphor which is designed to at least partially convert the primary electromagnetic radiation into secondary electromagnetic radiation during operation of the conversion LED.

9. Use of the lighting device according to claim 1 or 2 for backlighting of a display device.

10. The use according to claim 9, The display device is a monitor.

11. A display device, comprising the lighting device according to claim 1 or 2.

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