Fast three-dimensional structural interpretation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a rapid three-dimensional structural interpretation method, including: Step 1, setting three-dimensional automatic tracking initial seed points at different positions in the research work area; Step 2, carrying out interactive three-dimensional tracking structural interpretation based on the determined seed points; Step 3, calculating the confidence levels at the plane positions of each tracking horizon; Step 4, adjusting the automatic tracking range of the three-dimensional interpretation horizon through the confidence level threshold; Step 5, calculating the contradiction relationships between different three-dimensional tracking horizons; Step 6, if the contradiction relationships in Step 5 are within the allowable error range, then carrying out contradiction adjustment for the three-dimensional automatic tracking horizons; Step 7, merging the adjusted three-dimensional interpretation horizons to form a unified interpretation horizon. This rapid three-dimensional structural interpretation method analyzes the contradiction relationships between multiple independent structural interpretation horizons by tracking them, forms a targeted interpretation scheme, effectively solves the "repeated adjustment" problem in structural interpretation, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of structural interpretation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of exploration geophysical structure interpretation, and particularly to a fast three-dimensional structure interpretation method. Background Art

[0002] Structure interpretation is the basis for carrying out comprehensive seismic and geological research. The interpretation accuracy determines the success rate of key steps such as later reservoir, fluid prediction and well location deployment. At the same time, the cycle of structure interpretation is a key factor affecting the efficiency of well location deployment. There are two mainstream structure interpretation methods at present: the first is to splice the three-dimensional structure interpretation results by continuously interpreting each trace along the longitudinal and transverse survey lines; the other is to automatically track the three-dimensional interpretation horizon by selecting different seed points for the same horizon to achieve efficient interpretation of the three-dimensional interpretation horizon. At the present stage of large-area oil and gas accumulation exploration and high-precision oil and gas development three-dimensional interpretation, the structure interpretation horizons are usually not stably distributed throughout the area, which causes great trouble to three-dimensional structure interpretation: First, the method of interpreting each trace along the longitudinal and transverse survey lines only targets the structure interpretation of a single seismic profile each time, and cannot discover the discontinuity and differences of seismic event axes in different regions from the overall situation. Interpreters are often limited to the locally optimal solution of structural closure and ignore the global optimal solution, often resulting in the interpretation paradox of "seeing the mountain as a ridge from one side and a peak from the other", and the interpretation contradiction of "pressing down the gourd and lifting the ladle", greatly prolonging the interpretation cycle; the conventional three-dimensional structure interpretation method will automatically track the structure interpretation horizon according to the position of the seed points determined by continuous interaction, and it often produces non-closure of the structure interpretation horizon, and this kind of non-closure often appears in the same horizon and cannot be quantitatively analyzed and confirmed, resulting in multiple interpretation contradictions overlapping together and unable to be effectively distinguished and judged.

[0003] In the Chinese patent application with the application number: CN201910777505.1, it relates to an intelligent interpretation method of geological structure, which relates to the technical field of seismic data analysis, including: using the pre-interpretation results of the original seismic amplitude data, generating a label data volume by assigning values to different types of structures as the training set of the convolutional neural network, and constructing a convolutional neural network model to predict the geological structure. Considering the mutual relationship between horizons and different types of structures, the horizon interpretation at the structure is clearer, and the geological interpretation of different structures is more accurate.

[0004] In the Chinese patent application with the application number CN201410214969.9, a method for batch picking horizon planes based on constraints in 3D seismic interpretation is involved. The upper and lower horizon planes picked manually or by other means are used as constraint surfaces, and then the known conditions provided by the constraint horizon planes are obtained. Considering the mutual restraint relationship between the intermediate horizon planes to be picked, all the horizon planes between the constraint horizon planes are picked synchronously. The invention provides a new method for automatically picking multiple horizon planes with increased constraint information. This method combines the information of the given upper and lower constraint horizon planes and provides auxiliary information for the horizon planes to be picked. The seed seismic trace spreading method is used to pick the horizon planes at the sample points obtained after filtering, which can improve the accuracy and time efficiency.

[0005] In the Chinese patent application with the application number CN201310530344.9, a method and device for seismic stratigraphic body analysis are involved. The method includes the following steps: estimating the multi-azimuth formation dip angles of a seismic work area from seismic data; setting a seed seismic trace with a common midpoint at the central part of the geological structure in the seismic work area as a reference point, where the seed seismic trace consists of seed points arranged at a certain interval; according to the above multi-azimuth formation dip angles, taking each seed point on the seed seismic trace as a reference point, and using the dip angle propagation technique to simultaneously track the spatial horizons, obtaining a set of seismic horizons; storing the horizon information of the seismic horizons in the form of a seismic data volume to form a seismic horizon body. The embodiments of the present invention achieve extracting high-precision geological structure features from seismic data, thereby improving the accuracy of structural interpretation; and realizing the transformation of the traditional two-dimensional and quasi-three-dimensional structural interpretation modes into a true three-dimensional structural interpretation mode, thereby improving the efficiency of horizon interpretation.

[0006] The above existing technologies are quite different from the present invention and fail to solve the technical problems we want to solve. Therefore, we have invented a new fast three-dimensional structural interpretation method. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a fast three-dimensional structural interpretation method that effectively solves the "repeated adjustment" problem in structural interpretation and improves the accuracy and efficiency of structural interpretation.

[0008] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: a fast three-dimensional structural interpretation method, which includes:

[0009] Step 1: Set three-dimensional automatic tracking initial seed points at different positions in the research work area;

[0010] Step 2: Carry out interactive three-dimensional tracking structural interpretation based on the determined seed points;

[0011] Step 3: Calculate the confidence at the plane positions of each traced horizon;

[0012] Step 4: Adjust the automatic tracing range of the 3D interpretation horizon through the confidence threshold;

[0013] Step 5: Calculate the contradiction relationships between different 3D traced horizons;

[0014] Step 6: If the contradiction relationships in Step 5 are within the allowable error range, perform contradiction adjustment for the 3D automatic tracing horizons;

[0015] Step 7: Merge the adjusted 3D interpretation horizons to form a unified interpretation horizon.

[0016] The object of the present invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures:

[0017] In Step 1, the automatically picked initial seed points are selected following the following principles:

[0018] (1) On the plane, select seed points at relatively stable positions of different structures in the work area;

[0019] (2) Vertically, based on the guidance of the synthetic seismic record, determine the depth of the seeds.

[0020] In Step 2, during the interactive 3D tracing process, interactively add auxiliary seed points for automatic picking and perform 3D automatic tracing based on the similarity of seismic waveforms.

[0021] In Step 3, the confidence calculation method for horizon tracing is determined by calculating the waveform correlation coefficient between it and its adjacent seed points.

[0022] In Step 5, the contradiction relationships include the following:

[0023] (1) There are contradictions between the 3D traced interpretation horizons and the geological stratification points on the well;

[0024] (2) There are area overlaps between multiple interpretation horizons;

[0025] (3) There are area vacancies in multiple interpretation horizons.

[0026] In Step 6, if the contradiction relationships in Step 5 are not within the allowable error range, then adjust the confidence threshold of the corresponding horizon or add and adjust seed points for the contradiction problem. If the confidence threshold of the corresponding horizon is adjusted, the process returns to Step 4. If seed points are added and adjusted, the process returns to Step 2.

[0027] In Step 6, the contradiction adjustment includes:

[0028] (1) Realize it through horizon weighted averaging for the area overlap region of the interpretation horizon;

[0029] (2) Explain the blank areas of horizons using the area interpolation method;

[0030] (3) The area overlap and blank of horizons are achieved through manual interpretation.

[0031] In step 7, the merged result after contradiction adjustment is output as a unified horizon, and the automatic tracking area, overlap area, blank area, and well-seismic mismatch value are marked at the planar position of the horizon to assist in later quality control analysis.

[0032] The fast 3D structural interpretation method in the present invention. The method of interpreting each trace of longitudinal and transverse survey lines in the present invention and many problems encountered in conventional 3D structural interpretation are mainly reflected in two aspects: First, the method of interpreting each trace of longitudinal and transverse survey lines only performs structural interpretation on a single seismic profile each time, and cannot discover the discontinuity and differences of seismic event axes in different regions from a global perspective. Interpreters are often limited to the locally optimal solution of structural closure and ignore the global optimal solution, often resulting in the interpretation paradox of "seeing the mountain as a ridge from one side and a peak from the other", and the interpretation contradiction of "pressing down the gourd and raising the ladle", greatly prolonging the interpretation cycle. Second, the conventional 3D structural interpretation method will automatically track the structural interpretation horizon according to the seed point positions determined by continuous interaction, and it often produces non-closure of the structural interpretation horizon, and this non-closure often appears in the same horizon and cannot be quantitatively analyzed and confirmed, resulting in multiple interpretation contradictions overlapping together and unable to be effectively distinguished and judged. This patent addresses the above problems by tracking multiple independent structural interpretation horizons, analyzing the contradiction relationships between them, and forming a targeted interpretation scheme, effectively solving the "repeated adjustment" problem in structural interpretation, mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) Adopt the method of block-by-block 3D tracking interpretation. First, 3D interpretation can avoid the seismic closure problem generated by the conventional "section-by-section" interpretation, improve the efficiency of structural interpretation, and at the same time, through the "block-by-block" method, "local closure" in a small range can be achieved; (2) Retain the parameter of "tracking confidence" during the 3D tracking process, which can effectively improve the 3D analysis ability; (3) Through the gradual splicing of multiple "3D interpretation" blocks, the non-closure contradiction of structural interpretation can be effectively controlled. This patented technology improves the efficiency of structural interpretation through 3D tracking, controls the contradictions in structural interpretation through block-by-block splicing, and improves the efficiency of structural interpretation. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a specific embodiment of the fast 3D structural interpretation method of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the 3D tracking horizons of 3 initial seed points and the error on the well in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3Schematic diagram of seismic profiles of Well W1, Well W2, and Well W3, automatic tracking results of S1 and S2, and errors on the well in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the layer S1 of automatic tracking adjusting the confidence level, layer positions before and after adjusting the seed points of layer S3 of automatic tracking, and errors on the well in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of seismic profiles of Well W1, Well W2, and Well W3 after adjusting the confidence threshold of layer S1 of automatic tracking in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of seismic profiles of Well W4, Well W5, and Well W6 before adjusting the auxiliary seed points of S3 in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of seismic profiles of Well W4, Well W5, and Well W6 after adjusting the auxiliary seed points of S3 in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structural layer positions and errors after layer S2 covers layer S1, and seismic profiles of Well W1, Well W2, and Well W3 in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of seismic profiles of Well W1 and Well W4 and automatic tracking results of S1 and S3 in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of seismic profiles of Well W1 and Well W4 and interpolation results of blank areas of automatic tracking of S1 and S3 in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the sources of interpretation results in different regions and errors on the well in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structural layer positions and errors after equal probability weighting of layers S1 and S2, and seismic profiles of Well W1, Well W2, and Well W3 in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the sources of interpretation results in different regions and errors on the well in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, and / or combinations thereof.

[0048] The rapid three-dimensional structure interpretation method of the present invention first establishes a suitable depth-time relationship for each well to achieve the depth-time matching of logging and seismic data, and further conducts three-dimensional structure interpretation, including the following steps: Step 1, set three-dimensional automatic tracking initial seed points at different positions in the research area; Step 2, conduct interactive three-dimensional tracking structure interpretation based on the determined seed points; Step 3, calculate the confidence at the plane positions of each tracking horizon; Step 4, adjust the automatic tracking range of each three-dimensional interpretation horizon through the confidence threshold; Step 5, calculate the contradiction relationship between different three-dimensional tracking horizons; Step 6, if the contradiction relationship in Step 5 is within the allowable error range, proceed to Step 8; Step 7, adjust the confidence threshold of the corresponding horizon or add and adjust seed points for the contradiction problem in Step 6. If the confidence threshold of the corresponding horizon is adjusted, jump to Step 4; if seed points are added and adjusted, jump to Step 2; Step 8, conduct contradiction adjustment for the three-dimensional automatic tracking horizons; Step 9, merge the adjusted three-dimensional interpretation horizons to form a unified interpretation horizon. The method of the present invention for interpreting each trace of longitudinal and transverse survey lines and the problems and difficulties encountered in conventional three-dimensional structure interpretation, by tracking multiple independent structure interpretation levels, analyzing the contradiction relationship between them, forming a targeted interpretation plan, effectively solves the "repeated adjustment" problem in structure interpretation, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of structure interpretation.

[0049] The following are several specific embodiments of applying the present invention.

[0050] Embodiment 1

[0051] In a specific Embodiment 1 of applying the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 is the flow chart of the rapid three-dimensional structure interpretation method of the present invention. This rapid three-dimensional structure interpretation method first establishes a suitable depth-time relationship for each well to achieve the depth-time matching of logging and seismic data, and further conducts three-dimensional structure interpretation, including the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Set three-dimensional automatic tracking initial seed points at different positions in the research work area;

[0053] The following principles are mainly followed when selecting the initial seed points for automatic picking:

[0054] (1) On the plane, select seed points at relatively stable positions of different structures in the work area;

[0055] (2) Vertically, determine the depth of the seeds based on the guidance of synthetic seismograms;

[0056] Step 2: Carry out interactive three-dimensional tracking structure interpretation based on the determined seed points;

[0057] During the interactive three-dimensional tracking process, auxiliary seed points can be interactively added for automatic picking, and three-dimensional automatic tracking can be carried out based on the similarity of seismic waveforms;

[0058] Step 3: Calculate the confidence at the plane positions of each tracking horizon;

[0059] The confidence calculation method for horizon tracking is determined by calculating the waveform correlation coefficient between it and its adjacent seed points;

[0060] Step 4: Adjust the automatic tracking range of the three-dimensional interpretation horizon through the confidence threshold;

[0061] Step 5: Calculate the conflict relationship between different three-dimensional tracking horizons;

[0062] The conflict relationship can include the following types:

[0063] (1) There is a conflict between the three-dimensional tracking interpretation horizon and the geological stratification points on the well;

[0064] (2) There is an area overlap between multiple interpretation horizons;

[0065] (3) There are area vacancies in multiple interpretation horizons;

[0066] Step 6: If the conflict relationship in Step 5 is within the allowable error range, proceed to Step 8;

[0067] Step 7: Adjust the confidence threshold of the corresponding horizon or add and adjust seed points for the conflict problems in Step 6. If the confidence threshold of the corresponding horizon is adjusted, jump to Step 4; if seed points are added or adjusted, jump to Step 2;

[0068] Step 8: Carry out conflict adjustment for the three-dimensional automatic tracking horizons;

[0069] The main methods for conflict adjustment are as follows:

[0070] (1) For the area overlap region of the interpretation horizon, it can be achieved through horizon weighted averaging;

[0071] (2) Explain the blank areas of horizons, mainly using the method of area interpolation;

[0072] (3) Both the area overlap and blank of horizons can be achieved through manual interpretation;

[0073] Step Nine: Merge the adjusted 3D interpreted horizons to form a unified interpreted horizon;

[0074] Merge the results after contradiction adjustment and output them as a unified horizon, marking the automatic tracking area, overlapping area, blank area, and well-seismic mismatch value at the planar position of the horizon to assist in later quality control analysis.

[0075] Embodiment 2

[0076] In a specific Embodiment 2 of applying the present invention, on the basis of carrying out well-seismic calibration to achieve good matching of well-seismic data, 3D structural stereo interpretation is carried out, and the process is as Figure 1 shown:

[0077] 1. Select three initial seed points within the work area, carry out horizon automatic tracking, and calculate the error between the horizon tracking result and the geological stratification points on the well. The results are as Figure 2 shown. Through automatic tracking, the automatic tracking of horizons S1, S2, and S3 is respectively achieved. It can be seen from the figure that there is a large overlap between S1 and S2, and the error between the tracking result of horizon S1 and the formation comparison of Well W2 is relatively large (7 meters). From the seismic profiles passing through Wells W1, W2, and W3, it can be seen that ( Figure 3 shown) Figure 3 the confidence level at the box position is relatively low. If the confidence level threshold is too low, the automatic tracking range will be expanded, resulting in an excessive overlap range between S1 and S2;

[0078] 2. Modify the automatic tracking range of S1 by increasing the confidence level threshold. In this embodiment, the confidence level threshold is increased from 0.7 to 0.9, and the automatic tracking range of S1 is significantly reduced ( Figure 4 shown). From the cross-section view ( Figure 5 ), the automatic tracking result on the right side of the low-confidence box range is ignored, solving the problem of a large error between the position of horizon S1 at Well W2 and the actual drilled stratification on the well. From the planar view ( Figure 4 shown), the overlap area between the automatic tracking range of S1 and S2 is significantly reduced. Through Figure 4 it can be seen that the error between S1 and S2 and between them and the geological stratification points on the well has met the research requirements;

[0079] 3. Through Figure 2It can be seen that the geological stratification error between the automatically tracked horizon S3 and Well W4 is small, but the geological stratification errors with Well W5 and Well W6 are large, which cannot meet the research requirements; from the seismic profiles passing through Well W4, Well W5 and Well W6 ( Figure 6 as shown), due to the incorrect selection of the position of the auxiliary seed points, large errors occur in the positions of S3 at Well W6 and Well W5; therefore, the contradiction can be eliminated by resetting the seed points;

[0080] 4. Move the auxiliary seed points for automatic tracking to the Figure 7 position shown, and the errors of the automatically tracked horizon at the positions of Well W5 and Well W6 are significantly reduced; from the plane view (such as Figure 4 shown), after adjusting the auxiliary seed points, the automatic tracking range of S3 is significantly increased, reducing the blank interpretation area between the automatically interpreted horizons;

[0081] 5. In this example, by increasing the confidence threshold of S1, the automatic final range of S1 is reduced; after adjusting the auxiliary seed points to correct the automatic tracking range of S3, there are still three problems in its automatic tracking results: (1) the error between the automatically interpreted horizon and the wellhead stratification point; (2) the overlap of the automatic tracking areas between S1 and S2; (3) there are a large number of blank interpretation areas between the automatically tracked horizons; however, it basically meets the requirements of 3D horizon automatic tracking. The following is to eliminate or reduce the above contradictions through contradiction adjustment;

[0082] 6. For the regional overlap contradiction between S1 and S2, here, the way of covering the automatic tracking result of S1 with the automatic tracking result of S2 is used, that is, setting the weight of S1 to 0 and the weight of S2 to 1 to achieve the elimination of this contradiction. The result on the profile is as Figure 8 shown; generally, two methods can be used to eliminate the contradiction: (1) weighted average of the horizons at the overlapping positions of the two sets; (2) manual interpretation method;

[0083] 7. For the blank interpreted horizon between the horizons of S1 and S3, by making the cross-well seismic profile passing through Well W1 and Well W2 ( Figure 9 ), it can be seen that the error between the two interpreted horizons is small, and the blank interpretation area can be supplemented by the way of horizon interpolation. The interpolation result is as Figure 10 shown; generally, the problem of horizon blank can also be eliminated by manual interpretation;

[0084] 8. Use the methods in steps 6 and 7 to eliminate the contradictions of blank areas and overlapping areas that occur in automatic tracking;

[0085] 9. Merge multiple horizons into a unified interpreted horizon, and at the same time mark the sources of the interpretation results at different positions, such as Figure 11As shown in the figure, in this example, the result sources are divided into six categories, namely S1 automatic tracking area, S2 automatic tracking area, S3 automatic tracking area, S1-S2 overlapping modification area, blank interpolation area, and blank manual interpretation area.

[0086] Embodiment 3

[0087] In a specific Embodiment 3 of applying the present invention, on the basis of carrying out well-seismic calibration to achieve good matching of well-seismic data, three-dimensional structural stereo interpretation is carried out, and the process is as Figure 1 shown:

[0088] 1. Select three initial seed points within the work area, carry out automatic horizon tracking, and calculate the error between the horizon tracking result and the geological stratification points on the well. The result is as Figure 2 shown. Through automatic tracking, the automatic tracking of horizons S1, S2, and S3 is respectively achieved. It can be seen from the figure that there is a large horizon overlap between S1 and S2, and the error between the horizon tracking result of S1 and the formation comparison of Well W2 is relatively large (7 meters). From the seismic profiles passing through Wells W1, W2, and W3, it can be seen ( Figure 3 shown) that Figure 3 the confidence level at the box position is relatively low. If the confidence level threshold is too low, the automatic tracking range will be expanded, resulting in an excessive overlap range between S1 and S2;

[0089] 2. Modify the automatic tracking range of S1 by increasing the confidence level threshold. In this embodiment, the confidence level threshold is increased from 0.7 to 0.9, and the automatic tracking range of S1 is significantly reduced ( Figure 4 shown). From the cross-section ( Figure 5 ), the automatic tracking result on the right side of the low-confidence box range is ignored, solving the problem that the error between the S1 horizon and the actual drilled stratification on Well W2 is relatively large. From the plane ( Figure 4 shown), the overlapping area between the automatic tracking range of S1 and S2 is significantly reduced. Through Figure 4 it can be seen that the error between S1 and S2 and between them and the geological stratification points on the well has met the research requirements;

[0090] 3. Through Figure 2 it can be seen that the error between the automatically tracked horizon S3 and the geological stratification of Well W4 is relatively small, but the error with the geological stratification of Wells W5 and W6 is relatively large, which cannot meet the research requirements; From the seismic profiles passing through Wells W4, W5, and W6 ( Figure 6 shown), due to the wrong selection of the position of the auxiliary seed points, the error of S3 at the positions of Wells W6 and W5 is relatively large; Therefore, the contradiction can be eliminated by resetting the seed points;

[0091] 4. Move the auxiliary seed points for automatic tracking to Figure 7As shown in the position, the error of the automatic tracking horizon at positions W5 and W6 is significantly reduced; viewed from the plane (as Figure 4 shown), after adjusting the auxiliary seed points, the automatic tracking range of S3 is significantly increased, reducing the blank interpretation area between the automatically interpreted horizons;

[0092] 5. In this example, by increasing the confidence threshold of S1, the automatic final range of S1 is reduced; after adjusting the auxiliary seed points to correct the automatic tracking range of S3, there are still three problems in its automatic tracking results: (1) the error between the automatically interpreted horizon and the wellhead stratification point; (2) there is an overlap in the automatic tracking area between S1 and S2; (3) there are a large number of blank interpretation areas between the automatically tracked horizons; however, it basically meets the requirements of three-dimensional horizon automatic tracking. The following is to eliminate or reduce the above contradictions through contradiction adjustment;

[0093] 6. For the contradiction of the regional overlap between S1 and S2, here the method of weighted average of the horizons at the two overlapping positions is used. At the overlapping positions, the weight coefficients of S1 and S2 are both 0.5, and the results on the section are as Figure 12 shown;

[0094] 7. For the blank interpreted horizon between the horizons of S1 and S3, by making the cross-well seismic section of Well W1 and Well W2 ( Figure 9 ), it can be seen that the error between the two interpreted horizons is small, and the blank interpretation area can be supplemented by the method of horizon interpolation. The interpolation results are as Figure 10 shown; Generally speaking, the problem of horizon blank can also be eliminated by manual interpretation;

[0095] 8. Use the methods in steps 6 and 7 to eliminate the contradictions of blank areas and overlapping areas that appear in automatic tracking;

[0096] 9. Combine multiple horizons into a unified interpreted horizon, and at the same time mark the sources of the interpretation results at different positions, as Figure 13 shown. In this example, the sources of the interpretation results are divided into 6 categories, namely the automatic tracking area of S1, the automatic tracking area of S2, the automatic tracking area of S3, the overlapping modification area of S1-S2, the blank interpolation area, and the blank manual interpretation area.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0098] Except for the technical features described in the specification, the rest are well-known technologies to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A fast three-dimensional structural interpretation method, characterized in that, The rapid 3D structural interpretation method includes: Step 1: Set 3D automatic tracking initial seed points at different positions in the study area; Step 2: Carry out interactive 3D tracking structural interpretation based on the determined seed points; Step 3: Calculate the confidence at the plane positions of each tracking horizon; Step 4: Adjust the automatic tracking range of the 3D interpretation horizon through the confidence threshold; Step 5: Calculate the contradiction relationships between different 3D tracking horizons; Step 6: If the contradiction relationships in Step 5 are within the allowable error range, carry out contradiction adjustment for the 3D automatic tracking horizons; Step 7: Merge the adjusted 3D interpretation horizons to form a unified interpretation horizon; In Step 6, the contradiction adjustment includes: (1) Achieved through horizon weighted averaging for the area overlapping region of the interpretation horizon; (2) For the blank region of the interpretation horizon, use the method of area interpolation; (3) The area overlapping and blank of the interpretation horizon are achieved through manual interpretation.

2. The rapid three-dimensional structure interpretation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In Step 1, the selected automatic picking initial seed points follow the following principles: (1) On the plane, select seed points at relatively stable positions of different structures in the work area; (2) Vertically, based on the guidance of the synthetic seismogram, determine the depth of the seed.

3. The rapid three-dimensional structure interpretation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In Step 2, during the interactive 3D tracking process, interactively add auxiliary seed points for automatic picking and carry out 3D automatic tracking based on the similarity of seismic waveforms.

4. The rapid three-dimensional structure interpretation method according to claim 1, wherein In Step 3, the confidence calculation method for horizon tracking is determined by calculating the waveform correlation coefficient between it and its adjacent seed points.

5. The rapid three-dimensional structure interpretation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In Step 5, the contradiction relationships include the following: (1) There is a contradiction between the 3D tracking interpretation horizon and the geological stratification points on the well; (2) There is an area overlap between multiple interpretation horizons; (3) There are area vacancies in multiple interpretation horizons.

6. The rapid three-dimensional structure interpretation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In Step 6, if the contradiction relationships in Step 5 are not within the allowable error range, then adjust the confidence threshold of the corresponding horizon or add adjustment seed points for the contradiction problem. If the confidence threshold of the corresponding horizon is adjusted, the process returns to Step 4. If seed points are added or adjusted, the process returns to Step 2.

7. The rapid three-dimensional structure interpretation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step 7, the merged result after contradiction adjustment is output as a unified horizon, and mark the automatic tracking area, overlapping area, blank area, and well-seismic mismatch value at the plane position of the horizon to assist in later quality control analysis.

Images