A carding workpiece of a carding machine and a carding machine

Abstract

The application discloses a carding workpiece of a carding machine and the carding machine, and the carding workpiece comprises a movable flat and a fixed flat, and the movable flat and the fixed flat both comprise a flat base body and a flat beam body arranged on the flat base body; the flat beam body is provided with a limiting element fixed along the length direction of the flat beam body, and the limiting element has a thermal expansion coefficient smaller than that of the flat beam body. The limiting element arranged on the flat beam body provides a stable and reliable gauge between the flat and the cylinder, effectively reduces the neps, impurities and short fibers in the cotton web, and obviously improves the carding quality of the carding machine. Since the needle cloth needle collision is avoided, the maintenance cost of the carding machine is reduced, the needle cloth replacement cycle and service life are prolonged, the flat needle cloth can keep the best carding performance, and great economic benefits can be brought to the textile enterprises.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carding machine technology, and specifically to a movable cover plate and a fixed cover plate for a carding machine. Background Technology

[0002] The main function of the movable cover plate in a carding machine is to comb, remove impurities, and mix the opened loose fibers during the carding process, eliminating most of the neps, impurities, and short fibers. The spacing between the movable cover plate and the carding machine cylinder is crucial to the quality of carding. Different raw materials have different requirements for the spacing between the movable cover plate and the cylinder. Only with an appropriate spacing can the fibers be combed as needed without being over-combed. However, aluminum alloy movable cover plates are prone to deformation due to temperature changes during use. The degree of deformation directly affects the quality of carding, so the spacing adjustment of aluminum alloy movable cover plates is generally difficult.

[0003] Currently, in order to continuously improve production efficiency and carding speed, carding machines at home and abroad are generally developing from a carding zone width of 1000mm to 1500mm. As the carding zone becomes wider, the movable cover plate becomes longer and longer, and the movable cover plate used generally has some difficult-to-solve deformation problems.

[0004] There are two common deformation problems: one is that the top of the movable cover plate is relatively heavy. The height of the cover plate beam directly affects the rigidity against deformation. The faster the rotation speed of the carding machine cylinder, the greater the fiber tension between the cylinder carding cloth and the movable cover plate carding cloth, and the greater the impact on the deformation of the movable cover plate. When the vertical compression deformation of the movable cover plate beam with a height of 65mm is the same as that of the cover plate with a height of 75mm, experimental analysis shows that the higher the cover plate beam, the greater the rigidity. However, if the cover plate beam is too high, it will cause instability of the center of gravity, especially when the cross-sectional area of ​​the beam is concentrated at the top, forming a top-heavy state. Under the tension of the movable cover plate carding cloth and the cylinder carding cloth in the transverse combing of the fibers, when the movable cover plate enters the combing zone and contacts the curved rail and leaves the combing zone and leaves the curved rail, it will cause lateral swing in the horizontal direction. Ultimately, with a small combing gap, the movable cover plate carding cloth and the cylinder carding cloth may come into contact, which may damage the carding cloth, further deteriorate the combing effect, and cause unnecessary economic losses. Another type is a hollow structure inside the cover plate beam, which is very easy to deform laterally when used on a wide carding machine. When the carding machine goes from a cold machine to a hot working machine, the temperature inside the machine can quickly rise to above 35°C. After being heated, the carding machine will expand thermally across the entire working width. The movable cover plate bone will deform into a concave or convex curve after being heated.

[0005] In order to solve the problem of cover plate deformation, the following technical solutions have been proposed in the prior art, as detailed in Reference 1: Chinese patent document with patent publication number CN216107369U.

[0006] Reference 1 discloses a utility model patent for a downward adjustable aluminum alloy movable cover plate suitable for carding machines, which solves the above-mentioned problems. The technical solution disclosed in this patent addresses the issue of deformation of the aluminum alloy movable cover plate during use, leading to changes in the spacing and affecting the carding quality and impurity removal effect of the carding machine. It provides an adjustable spacing and allows for preset deformation to compensate for deformation during use. Therefore, the curvature deformation in the cover plate caused by prestress due to heat during the carding process is eliminated. This facilitates adjustment of the spacing requirements for different raw materials. However, while the screw adjustment method in the aforementioned patent can effectively compensate for deformation during use by preset deformation, the deformation of the cover plate itself varies depending on the climate and temperature changes. A disadvantage is that prestress must be applied before installing the cover plate in the carding machine, making it difficult to precisely adjust the operating conditions of the cover plate and hindering mass production. Furthermore, when installing the adjusting rod of the cover plate, it is difficult to ensure that the torque of the clamping nut is completely consistent; different nut torques result in different preset deformations of the cover plate. The greater the torque of the nut, the greater the deflection of the profile component. When the cover plate is affected by thermal expansion, the deformation of each plate will vary greatly. The moving cover plate device of a carding machine usually consists of 70-120 moving cover plates. If the flatness of each cover plate varies greatly, the spacing between it and the cylinder carding cloth will also vary greatly. As a result, the uniformity of the cotton web of the carding machine will inevitably be affected. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of easy deformation of the cover plate during the operation of existing carding machines and the inability of existing cover plates with preset deformation to adapt to different temperature working environments, and to provide a carding workpiece for a carding machine and a carding machine.

[0008] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a carding workpiece for a carding machine, comprising a movable cover plate and a fixed cover plate. Both the movable and fixed cover plates include a cover plate base and a cover plate beam disposed on the cover plate base. The cover plate beam has a limiting element fixed along its length direction, and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the limiting element is less than that of the cover plate beam.

[0009] As a further optimization of the carding workpiece of the carding machine of the present invention: the material of the limiting element is carbon fiber, steel or other non-metallic material, and the limiting element is a square strip, square tube, cylindrical rod, cylindrical tube or U-shaped strip structure.

[0010] As a further optimization of the carding workpiece of the carding machine of the present invention: the limiting element is fixedly connected to the cover beam body by at least two fasteners.

[0011] As a further optimization of the carding workpiece of the carding machine of the present invention: the movable cover plate is covered with steel side clamps to cover the needle cloth, and the limiting element is fixed at a position on the cover plate beam away from the needle cloth or at the longitudinal center (center of gravity).

[0012] As a further optimization of the carding workpiece of the carding machine of the present invention: the limiting element of the movable cover plate is installed at the upper position of the center of gravity, or the limiting element is installed at the top.

[0013] As a further optimization of the carding workpiece of the carding machine of the present invention: the movable cover plate is made of aluminum side clamps covering the needle cloth, and the limiting element is fixed at the base position of the cover plate beam near the supporting needle cloth element or below the longitudinal center (center of gravity).

[0014] As a further optimization of the carding workpiece of the carding machine of the present invention: the cover beam body is provided with a first reinforcing rib and a second reinforcing rib from top to bottom, and the limiting element is installed on the first reinforcing rib by bolts passing through the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib.

[0015] As a further optimization of the carding workpiece of the carding machine of the present invention: the height of the cover beam is 70-80mm, and the center of gravity of the movable cover is close to the bottom of the covering needle cloth base. The top wall thickness of the cover beam is relatively thin, so as to form a structure in which the cross-sectional area (or weight) increases stepwise from top to bottom, thereby achieving the purpose of a low center of gravity.

[0016] As a further optimization of the carding workpiece of the carding machine of the present invention: the limiting element of the fixed cover plate is set at the bottom of the inner cavity of the cover plate beam.

[0017] A carding machine having the aforementioned movable cover plate and fixed cover plate.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: By setting a limiting element on the cover plate beam, the present invention provides a stable and reliable gap between the cover plate and the cylinder, effectively reducing cotton knots, impurities and short fibers in the cotton web, significantly improving the carding quality of the carding machine. Since it avoids the occurrence of needle collisions between the carding cloth and the needles, it reduces the maintenance cost of the carding machine, extends the replacement cycle and service life of the carding cloth, and enables the cover plate carding cloth to maintain the best carding performance, which will generate huge economic benefits for textile enterprises. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the movable cover plate of the two structural forms of the present invention (steel side clamp covering needle cloth and aluminum side clamp covering needle cloth);

[0020] Figure 2 Anterior view of the movable clavicle bone;

[0021] Figure 3A cross-sectional view of the skeleton of a movable cover plate for covering steel-edged needle-like fabric.

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the fastening positions of the reinforcing ribs of the cover plate beam and the limiting elements of the movable cover plate skeleton when the steel-clad edge is clamped with needle cloth.

[0023] Figure 5 A sectional view of the fastening and mounting position of the movable cover plate bone restraining element when covering the steel edge clamp needle cloth;

[0024] Figure 6 A sectional view of the bone structure of a movable cover plate with a top-restricted form for covering steel-edged needle-like fabric.

[0025] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the movable cover plate with upper two side restrictive features for covering steel-edged needle cloth;

[0026] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the installation of limiting elements on the movable cover plate frame when covering aluminum edge clamping needle cloth;

[0027] Figure 9 Partial sectional view of the installation method of the movable cover plate bone limiting element when covering aluminum edge clamping needle cloth;

[0028] Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the bottom of the movable cover plate frame with a limiting element installed when covering aluminum edge clamping needle cloth;

[0029] Figure 11 A cross-sectional view showing the installation of limiting elements on the fixed cover plate;

[0030] Marked in the image:

[0031] 1. Movable cover plate beam (aluminum alloy part);

[0032] 11. Movable cover plate bone (not covered with needle cloth);

[0033] 12. Movable cover plate (covered with needle cloth);

[0034] 13. Fix the cover plate;

[0035] 2. First reinforcing rib;

[0036] 3. Second reinforcing rib;

[0037] 4. Movable cover plate base (position of the needle cloth);

[0038] 5. Reinforced plastic heel and toe tips;

[0039] 6. Steel pins;

[0040] 7. Movable cover plate needle cloth;

[0041] 71. Steel-coated side clamps;

[0042] 72. Aluminum-coated side clips;

[0043] 8. Slide rail;

[0044] 9. Tighten long screws (for the movable cover plate with steel-edged clamping needle cloth);

[0045] 91. First fastening position;

[0046] 92. Second fastening position;

[0047] 93. Third fastening position;

[0048] 94. Fastener process holes;

[0049] 95. Fasten long screws (for the movable cover plate with aluminum edge clamping needle cloth);

[0050] 9a. First fastening screw;

[0051] 9b. Second fastening screw;

[0052] 9c, Third fastening screw;

[0053] 9d. Tighten the medium-length screws;

[0054] 9e. Tighten the short screws;

[0055] 10. Restricting element (carbon fiber strip);

[0056] 10a. Restricting element (carbon fiber tube);

[0057] 10b. Restricting element (U-shaped carbon fiber strip). Detailed Implementation

[0058] To better understand the present invention, the following embodiments further illustrate the content of the present invention, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0059] A carding component for a carding machine includes a movable cover plate and a fixed cover plate. The movable and fixed cover plates are carding elements of the carding machine, primarily functioning to card, remove impurities, and mix the opened loose fibers during the cleaning and carding process, eliminating most of the neps, impurities, and short fibers. The fixed cover plates are installed on the front and rear sides of the carding machine, with a fixed cover plate carding cloth attached to their bottom. The fixed cover plates are typically secured with bolts and can be fine-tuned according to different types of fibers.

[0060] Both the movable cover plate and the fixed cover plate include a cover plate base and a cover plate beam set on the cover plate base. The cover plate beam has a limiting element fixed along its length, and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the limiting element is less than that of the cover plate beam.

[0061] The limiting element structure can be a stretched profile such as a square strip, square tube, cylindrical rod, cylindrical tube, or U-shaped strip. The limiting element can be made of carbon fiber, while the cover beam is made of aluminum alloy profile. As the temperature gradually increases, it elongates towards the working width. The limiting element's elongation rate after heating is less than that of the cover beam, thus limiting the elongation of the cover beam. Due to the different positions of the limiting element within the cover beam, the extension limitation after thermal deformation can result in bulging or concave bending. Without any preset deformation of the movable cover, the curvature deformation caused by thermal expansion during operation will be automatically eliminated by the limiting element, achieving the accuracy of the movable cover when cold. Therefore, during the transition between cold and hot operation of the carding machine, or during fiber carding, the movable cover and the cylinder roller maintain a stable distance, preventing accidents such as needle contact.

[0062] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown: The covering edge clamps of movable cover plate needle cloth are usually made of aluminum or steel. Due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion of the materials, the changes of movable cover plate needle cloth after heating will be different.

[0063] The corresponding coefficient of thermal expansion of the material is:

[0064] Aluminum: a = 23.2 × 10 -6 / K 20℃.

[0065] Carbon steel: a = 13 × 10 -6 / K 20℃.

[0066] Carbon fiber: a = -0.5 × 10 -6 / K 20℃.

[0067] Abrasion-resistant reinforced plastic: a = 25 × 10 -6 / K 20℃.

[0068] If the aluminum movable cover plate frame is covered with steel edge clamps and needle cloth, a convex curve deformation will occur in the working width of the cover plate after heating. For example, when the temperature of a 1280mm long movable cover plate rises from 15℃ to 45℃, the average change in the plane of the movable cover plate element is from a 0.01mm convexity to -0.06mm.

[0069] If the aluminum movable cover plate frame is covered with aluminum edge clamps and needle cloth, a concave curve deformation will occur in the working width of the cover plate after heating. For example, when the temperature of a 1280mm long movable cover plate rises from 15℃ to 45℃, the average change in the plane of the movable cover plate element is from 0.01mm concave to +0.06mm.

[0070] It should be noted that the fastening limiting element should have at least two mounting holes, preferably ten pre-set mounting holes. The length of the fixed limiting element and the position of the mounting holes can be selected according to the ambient temperature. The length of the limiting element is usually set to the length of the movable cover plate beam. The maximum limiting capacity of the movable cover plate for thermal deformation is fixed at both ends. The limiting deformation force at both ends gradually decreases towards the center. Moreover, as long as the limiting elements are set in the same fixed mounting position, the temperature rise on the bending limiting force of the movable cover plate is constant, and the temperature rise change of each movable cover plate with carding cloth also has a very high consistency, creating very favorable conditions for the carding machine to produce uniform cotton sliver fibers.

[0071] Without changing the rotation radius of the movable cover plate of the carding machine, the height of the movable cover plate beam 1 is in the range of 70-80mm. The higher the movable cover plate beam 1, the greater the rigidity, which can effectively improve the resistance to fiber tensile deformation. The center of gravity of the movable cover plate 12 is close to the bottom of the cover plate base 4, and the top wall thickness of the movable cover plate beam 1 is relatively thin, so as to form a structure in which the cross-sectional area (or weight) increases stepwise from top to bottom. This not only ensures the rigidity of the movable cover plate frame 11, but also avoids the movable cover plate beam 1 from swinging when entering and exiting the carding area due to excessive weight at the top, which could cause the carding cloth to catch.

[0072] To further increase the rigidity of the movable cover plate, a first reinforcing rib 2 and a second reinforcing rib 3 can be provided inside the movable cover plate beam 1. A limiting element is fastened to the first reinforcing rib 2. The fastener is a fastening screw, which is fastened to the first reinforcing rib 2, passes through the second reinforcing rib 3, and is connected to the bottom of the cover plate base 4 of the movable cover plate frame 11.

[0073] The first reinforcing rib 2, the second reinforcing rib 3, and the cover plate base 4 are respectively provided with screw holes at their centers. The fasteners are installed with three screw fastening positions. The installation of the limiting element and the first reinforcing rib 2, the second reinforcing rib 3, and the cover plate base 4 of the movable cover plate beam 1 form an integral whole, which can control the stress of excessive adjustment of the movable cover plate thermal deformation by the limiting element.

[0074] It should be noted that other components are also shown in the figure, such as the reinforced plastic heel-toe end 5, the steel pin 6, the movable cover plate needle cloth 7, the steel-covered side clamp 71, the aluminum-covered side clamp 72, and the slide rail. These components are common structural parts of movable covers and will not be described in detail here.

[0075] <Modible cover plate for covering steel-edged needle clamping cloth>

[0076] like Figure 3-7 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a movable cover plate used to cover steel-edged needle-cloth. On the movable cover plate covered with steel-edged needle-cloth, a limiting element is fixed above the longitudinal center (center of gravity) of the movable cover plate beam, away from the needle-cloth direction. Depending on the length of the movable cover plate, different longitudinal positions can be used to install the limiting element.

[0077] Generally, the longer the movable cover plate, the greater the thermal deformation. Therefore, the installation position of its limiting element needs to be closer to the top of the movable cover plate bone, and the greater the effect of the limiting element in resisting the deformation stress of the movable cover plate bone.

[0078] like Figure 3-7 As shown, the limiting element of the movable cover is installed at the upper part of the center of gravity, or the limiting element is installed at the top as an advantageous position.

[0079] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown: the limiting element is a carbon fiber strip 10, which is arranged along the length of the first reinforcing rib 2 and positioned above it. The carbon fiber strip 10 is fastened to the first reinforcing rib 2 by a long fastening screw 9. Specifically, the long fastening screw 9 passes through the carbon fiber strip 10, the first reinforcing rib 2, and the second reinforcing rib 3 sequentially from top to bottom, and finally connects to the bottom of the cover plate base 4 of the movable cover plate rib 11. The first reinforcing rib 2, the second reinforcing rib 3, and the cover plate base 4 are respectively provided with a first fastening position 91, a second fastening position 92, and a third fastening position 93. To facilitate the installation of the long fastening screw 9, a fastener process hole 94 is provided in the extension direction of the top of the movable cover plate beam 1. This hole is not only used for the fasteners of the limiting element to enter from the top downwards, but more importantly, it can effectively release stress after the movable cover plate is heated, reducing the stress deformation at the top of the movable cover plate beam, and causing the movable cover plate rib to deform in a concave curvature, thereby offsetting part of the protruding deformation of the movable cover plate needle cloth.

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown: the carbon fiber strip 10 is fixed by three fastening screws, namely the first fastening screw 9a, the second fastening screw 9b and the third fastening screw 9c.

[0081] like Figure 6 As shown: The limiting element is carbon fiber strip 10. Unlike in 3-5, carbon fiber strip 10 is set at the top. The top of the movable cover beam 1 is provided with a groove. Carbon fiber strip 10 is placed in the groove and fixed by fastening medium-length screw 9d. Fastening medium-length screw 9d no longer penetrates the first reinforcing rib 2 and the second reinforcing rib 3.

[0082] like Figure 7 As shown: Another type of limiting element 10b with a U-shaped structure can also be used. It is installed at the top and fixed to both sides of the movable cover beam 1 by fastening short screws 9e. The reaction force that limits the thermal deformation of the movable cover is on both sides, and the limiting effect is more stable.

[0083] <Modible cover plate for aluminum-coated needle clamping cloth>

[0084] like Figure 8-10As shown, on the movable cover plate frame covered with aluminum side clamps, a limiting element device is used to fix it to the base position of the movable cover plate beam near the supporting needle cloth element or below the longitudinal middle position.

[0085] like Figure 8 and 9 As shown: The limiting element is a carbon fiber tube 10a, which is inserted into the cover plate base 4 and fastened to the cover plate base 4 by a long fastening screw 95. The long fastening screw 95 passes through the carbon fiber tube 10a, the second reinforcing rib 3 and the first reinforcing rib 2 from bottom to top.

[0086] like Figure 10 As shown: The limiting element is a carbon fiber strip 10. The bottom of the cover plate base 4 is provided with a groove. The carbon fiber strip 10 is placed in the groove and fixed by a fastening long screw 95. The fastening long screw 95 passes through the first reinforcing rib 2 and the second reinforcing rib 3.

[0087] <Fixed cover plate>

[0088] like Figure 11 As shown, the limiting element is also applicable to the fixed cover carding component of the carding machine. The fixed cover beam has a larger cross-sectional area than the movable cover, and its thermal expansion is also greater. It will dent and deform when heated during operation. The limiting element is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the fixed cover 13, which can also limit the elongation of the fixed cover 13 and keep the distance between the fixed cover 13 and the cylinder roller stable.

[0089] <Cardboarding machine>

[0090] A carding machine mainly includes a feeding system, a carding system, a cleaning system, and a discharging system.

[0091] Feeding system: This system delivers raw fiber material into the carding machine through the feed inlet. The feeding system typically includes components such as feed rollers and feed cylinders.

[0092] Carding System: The most crucial part of a carding machine is the carding system, whose main function is to break up the fiber material and remove impurities, allowing the cotton fibers to be distributed more evenly throughout the cotton web. The carding system typically includes multiple rotating flats and cylinders that work together to gradually convey the fiber material from the front end to the back end, gradually carding it into long, thin fibers.

[0093] The cover plates in the combing system all adopt the movable cover plate and fixed cover plate with limiting elements described in the above embodiments.

[0094] Cleaning System: Since various impurities may exist in fibrous materials, such as twigs, leaves, and dust, a cleaning system is needed to remove them. The cleaning system typically includes components such as fans and vibrating screens, which can separate impurities and short fibers from the cotton fibers.

[0095] Discharge system: The carding and cleaning fiber material finally flows out of the carding machine through the discharge port for subsequent processing.

[0096] The carding machine of this invention achieves automatic elimination of curvature deformation caused by thermal expansion stress in the working state of the movable cover plate without the need for preset stress. Because the limiting element is made of carbon fiber, which is heat-resistant, it will not thermally expand due to increased ambient temperature, thus limiting the curvature deformation of the movable cover plate's working surface. The limiting element itself does not experience thermal expansion, thus not affecting the adjustment function of the movable cover plate's limiting element and improving the carding quality of the cotton sliver.

[0097] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carding workpiece for a carding machine, the carding workpiece comprising a movable cover plate and a fixed cover plate, both the movable cover plate and the fixed cover plate comprising a cover plate base and a cover plate beam disposed on the cover plate base, characterized in that: The movable cover plate has a cover beam body with a limiting element fixed along its length direction. The limiting element has a coefficient of thermal expansion that is less than that of the cover beam body. The limiting element of the fixed cover plate is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the cover beam body. The limiting element has a coefficient of thermal expansion that is less than that of the cover beam body. The movable cover plate is made of aluminum side clamps covering the needle cloth, and the limiting element is fixed at the base of the cover plate beam near the supporting needle cloth element or below the longitudinal center.

2. The carding workpiece of a carding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: As described above, the movable cover plate uses steel side clamps to cover the needle cloth, and the limiting element is fixed at a position away from the needle cloth direction or at the upper part of the longitudinal center of the cover plate beam, or the limiting element of the movable cover plate is installed at the upper part of the center of gravity, or the limiting element is installed at the top.

3. The carding workpiece of a carding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting element is made of carbon fiber, steel or other non-metallic materials, and the limiting element is a square bar, square tube, cylindrical rod, cylindrical tube or U-shaped bar structure.

4. The carding workpiece of a carding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting element of the movable cover plate is fixedly connected to the cover plate beam by at least two fasteners.

5. The carding workpiece of a carding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The movable cover plate has a first reinforcing rib and a second reinforcing rib arranged from top to bottom in the cover plate beam body. The limiting element is installed on the first reinforcing rib by bolts that pass through the first and second reinforcing ribs.

6. The carding workpiece of a carding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the cover beam of the movable cover plate is 70-80mm, and the center of gravity of the movable cover plate is close to the bottom of the covering needle cloth substrate. The top wall thickness of the cover beam is relatively thin, so as to form a structure in which the cross-sectional area increases stepwise from top to bottom.

7. A carding machine, characterized in that: The combing workpiece as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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