A physical heat storage type solid hydrogen storage device

Abstract

The application discloses a physical heat storage type solid-state hydrogen storage device, which comprises a hydrogen storage cavity and a circulating cavity, a high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell and a heating structure are arranged in the hydrogen storage cavity, a hydrogen storage alloy is arranged in the high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell, a hydrogen pipeline is connected to the front end of the hydrogen storage alloy, and a hydrogen valve is arranged on the hydrogen pipeline. In the hydrogen filling stage, the hydrogen storage alloy is forced to conduct convection cooling by using external air, and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy is greatly improved. In the hydrogen releasing stage, the hydrogen storage alloy is heated by using a phase change heat storage module with constant temperature heat release characteristics, so that the hydrogen is smoothly released, the safety hidden danger of the electric heating mode is eliminated, and the safety and the storage ratio parameters of the solid-state hydrogen storage device are greatly improved. The radiation-proof plate with the gas switch function and the circulating pump are arranged, a large range of heating power can be adjusted, the hydrogen releasing rate can be accurately controlled, the operation is simple and fast, and the applicability of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the hydrogen energy equipment field, and in particular to a physical heat storage type solid-state hydrogen storage device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Compared with high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage, solid material hydrogen storage can well solve the problems of low hydrogen storage density and poor safety factor of traditional hydrogen storage technology. In the current hydrogen storage mode, the solid-state hydrogen storage system is the most reliable, safest and highest volume efficiency hydrogen storage mode. The hydrogen storage mechanism of solid-state alloy is that under certain temperature and pressure, the metal and hydrogen gas will react to generate metal hydride for hydrogen storage, and the metal hydride can release hydrogen by heating, thereby realizing the cyclic hydrogen storage of the alloy, having the characteristics of high volume hydrogen storage density and mild use conditions, and effectively making up for the shortcomings of the widely used high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, and having significant future application prospects.

[0003] However, a large amount of heat is released during the hydrogen absorption process of the hydrogen storage alloy, and the heat accumulation causes the temperature of the hydrogen storage bed to rise, hindering the further progress of the hydrogen absorption reaction. Meanwhile, the hydrogen storage alloy also needs external heat supply during the hydrogen release process, so the overall heat management of the system is the key point of the design of the hydrogen storage alloy container. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provides a physical heat storage type solid-state hydrogen storage device.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] The physical heat storage type solid-state hydrogen storage device comprises a hydrogen storage cavity and a circulation cavity, a high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell and a heating structure are arranged in the hydrogen storage cavity, a hydrogen storage alloy is arranged in the high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell, a hydrogen pipeline is connected to the front end of the hydrogen storage alloy, and a hydrogen valve is installed on the hydrogen pipeline.

[0007] A nitrogen circulation structure is installed in the circulation cavity, and the nitrogen circulation structure is connected to the hydrogen storage cavity and the circulation cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the nitrogen circulation structure comprises a circulation pipeline, a high-pressure tank body is installed on the circulation pipeline, the high-pressure tank body divides the circulation pipeline into a front-end pipeline and a rear-end pipeline, a nitrogen outlet valve, a circulation pump and a high-pressure tank body inlet valve are sequentially installed on the front-end pipeline, and a high-pressure tank body outlet valve and a nitrogen inlet valve are sequentially installed on the rear-end pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, a nitrogen charging pipeline is connected to the high-pressure tank body, and a nitrogen charging valve is installed on the nitrogen charging pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, an air inlet pipeline is connected between the high-pressure tank outlet valve and the nitrogen inlet valve, and an air inlet valve is installed on the air inlet pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, an air outlet pipeline is connected between the circulating pump and the high-pressure tank inlet valve, and an air outlet valve is installed on the air outlet pipeline and the air outlet valve.

[0012] Preferably, the heating structure comprises a plurality of phase change heat storage modules, each of which is internally provided with an electric heating rod connected with a power line.

[0013] Preferably, a radiation-proof plate is arranged between the phase change heat storage module and the high-thermal-conductivity sealed shell.

[0014] Preferably, a high-thermal-conductivity support is arranged between the high-thermal-conductivity sealed shell and the hydrogen storage alloy.

[0015] Preferably, the phase change heat storage module is internally filled with a solid-liquid phase change heat storage material, is provided with a solar heat storage structure, and is a replaceable structure.

[0016] Preferably, the hydrogen storage alloy is a magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: in the hydrogen charging stage, the hydrogen storage alloy is forcibly cooled by external air, greatly improving the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy; in the hydrogen release stage, the hydrogen storage alloy is heated by the phase change heat storage module with constant temperature heat release characteristics, successfully realizing hydrogen release, eliminating the obvious safety hazards of electric heating methods, and greatly improving the safety and storage ratio parameters of the solid-state hydrogen storage device. The radiation-proof plate and the circulating pump with gas switching function can realize large-scale adjustment of different heating powers and precise control of the hydrogen release rate, have the characteristics of simple and fast operation, and improve the applicability of the solid-state hydrogen storage device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more specifically and intuitively illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below.

[0019] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a physical heat storage type solid-state hydrogen storage device according to the present application.

[0020] In the figure: hydrogen storage cavity 1, circulation cavity 2, hydrogen pipeline 3, hydrogen valve 4, high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell 5, hydrogen storage alloy 6, high-thermal-conductivity support 7, radiation-proof plate 8, phase-change heat storage module 9, electric heating rod 10, power line 11, circulation pipeline 12, nitrogen outlet valve 13, circulation pump 14, high-pressure tank inlet valve 15, high-pressure tank 16, high-pressure tank outlet valve 17, nitrogen inlet valve 18, nitrogen filling pipeline 19, nitrogen filling valve 20, air inlet pipeline 21, air inlet valve 22, air outlet pipeline 23, air outlet valve 24. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application.

[0022] REFERENCE Figure 1 A physical heat storage type solid-state hydrogen storage device includes a hydrogen storage cavity 1, a circulation cavity 2, a hydrogen pipeline 3, a hydrogen valve 4, a high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell 5, a hydrogen storage alloy 6, a high-thermal-conductivity support 7, a radiation-proof plate 8, a phase-change heat storage module 9, an electric heating rod 10, a power line 11, a circulation pipeline 12, a nitrogen outlet valve 13, a circulation pump 14, a high-pressure tank inlet valve 15, a high-pressure tank 16, a high-pressure tank outlet valve 17, a nitrogen inlet valve 18, a nitrogen filling pipeline 19, a nitrogen filling valve 20, an air inlet pipeline 21, an air inlet valve 22, an air outlet pipeline 23, and an air outlet valve 24.

[0023] The hydrogen storage cavity 1 is used for storing hydrogen medium and a heating module, and the circulation cavity 2 is used for mounting a pipeline and other components for circulation, and the two are connected through the circulation pipeline 12;

[0024] The hydrogen storage alloy 6 is arranged inside the hydrogen storage cavity 1, and the outside is provided with the high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell 5 to prevent the hydrogen inside from leaking. The high-thermal-conductivity support 7 is arranged between the hydrogen storage alloy 6 and the high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell 5 to improve the heat exchange efficiency therebetween. The temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy 6 can be controlled by heating or cooling the outer surface of the high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell 5. The hydrogen pipeline 3 provided with the hydrogen valve 4 is connected to the front end of the hydrogen storage alloy 6, and is used for hydrogen flow in the filling and releasing stages.

[0025] The phase-change heat storage module 9 is further arranged inside the hydrogen storage cavity 1, and is used for improving heat in the hydrogen releasing stage. The radiation-proof plate 8 is arranged between the phase-change heat storage module 9 and the high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell 5 to ensure that only controllable nitrogen forced convection heat exchange is available therebetween. The electric heating rod 10 connected to the power line 11 is arranged inside the phase-change heat storage module 9, and heat storage is realized by the electric heating mode.

[0026] The main part of the circulation pipeline 12 is located inside the circulation cavity 2, and is sequentially connected with the nitrogen outlet valve 13, the circulation pump 14, the high-pressure tank inlet valve 15, the high-pressure tank 16, the high-pressure tank outlet valve 17, and the nitrogen inlet valve 18. During the hydrogen release stage of the device, the forced convection of nitrogen provides heat for the high-thermal-conductivity sealed shell 5.

[0027] The air inlet pipeline 21 for installing the air inlet valve 22 is externally connected between the high-pressure tank outlet valve 17 and the nitrogen inlet valve 18. The air outlet pipeline 23 for installing the air outlet valve 24 is externally connected between the circulation pump 14 and the high-pressure tank inlet valve 15. During the hydrogen charging stage, the hydrogen storage alloy 6 is forcibly cooled by introducing external air, thereby improving the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy 6.

[0028] The high-pressure tank 16 is connected with the nitrogen charging pipeline 19 for installing the nitrogen charging valve 20, which is used to provide the circulating nitrogen required in the hydrogen release stage.

[0029] The phase change heat storage module 9 is filled with a solid-liquid phase change heat storage material, can store heat by using solar energy, and can be directly replaced as a whole.

[0030] In addition to nitrogen, inert gases such as helium can also be used as the circulating gas required in the hydrogen release stage.

[0031] The hydrogen storage cavity 1 and the circulation cavity 2 are both heat-insulated and fixedly connected by bolts, and can be replaced as modular components.

[0032] The hydrogen storage alloy 6 can be a magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy.

[0033] A plurality of phase change heat storage modules 9 can be arranged inside the hydrogen storage cavity 1, so as to improve the forced convection heat exchange efficiency of the circulating gas.

[0034] The operation principle of the physical heat storage type solid-state hydrogen storage device is as follows: the operation process mainly includes two stages, the first stage is the hydrogen charging stage, and the second stage is the hydrogen release stage.

[0035] First, it is assumed that all valves are in the closed state, the circulation pump 14 and other moving devices are in the stopped state, the heat inside the phase change heat storage module 9 is completely released, and there is no circulating nitrogen in the circulation pipeline 12 and the high-pressure tank 16.

[0036] 1. Hydrogen charging stage:

[0037] (1) Open the hydrogen valve 4, the external hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage alloy 6 through the hydrogen pipeline 3 to store hydrogen in the form of compound, and release reaction heat, which is transmitted to the high-thermal-conductivity sealed shell 5 through the high-thermal-conductivity support 7; then open the nitrogen outlet valve 13, the nitrogen inlet valve 18, the air inlet valve 22, the air outlet valve 24, and start the circulating pump 14, the external air enters the hydrogen storage cavity 1 through the circulating pipeline 12 to cool the high-thermal-conductivity sealed shell 5 by forced convection, offset the reaction heat released by the hydrogen storage alloy 6, and greatly increase the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy 6. The above process continues until the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy 6 is fully charged.

[0038] (2) Then close the hydrogen valve 4, the nitrogen inlet valve 18, and the air inlet valve 22, and continue to operate the circulating pump 14 until the inside of the hydrogen storage cavity 1 is in a vacuum state to prevent residual gas from generating heat transfer, then stop the circulating pump 14, and close the nitrogen outlet valve 13 and the air outlet valve 24.

[0039] (3) Open the nitrogen charging valve 20, the external nitrogen enters the high-pressure tank body 16 through the nitrogen charging pipeline 19, and the nitrogen charging valve 20 is closed after the nitrogen is charged to a certain amount.

[0040] (4) The power cord 11 is externally connected to an external power source, the electric heating rod 10 starts to operate, and after the phase change heat storage module 9 inside is completely melted, the heat storage is completed, then the external power source is disconnected, and since the inside of the hydrogen storage cavity 1 is in a vacuum state and is provided with the anti-radiation plate 8, the phase change heat storage module 9 after heat storage will not affect the high-thermal-conductivity sealed shell 5.

[0041] 2. Hydrogen release stage:

[0042] (1) Open the hydrogen valve 4, the nitrogen outlet valve 13, the high-pressure tank inlet valve 15, the high-pressure tank outlet valve 17, and the nitrogen inlet valve 18, and start the circulating pump 14, the charging nitrogen in the high-pressure tank 16 enters the hydrogen storage cavity 1 through the circulating pipeline 12, first sweeps the surface of the phase change heat storage module 9 to obtain heat, then heats the high-thermal-conductivity sealed shell 5, that is, heat transfer is performed by forced convection, the high-thermal-conductivity sealed shell 5 is heated, and then the heat is transmitted to the hydrogen storage alloy 6 through the high-thermal-conductivity support 7, the hydrogen storage alloy 6 reaches the set temperature, starts to release hydrogen, and supplies hydrogen to the outside through the hydrogen pipeline 3.

[0043] (2) The physical heat storage type solid-state hydrogen storage device can also adjust the hydrogen flow: when the hydrogen supply needs to be increased or decreased, the operating frequency of the circulating pump 14 can be directly adjusted. When the hydrogen supply needs to be stopped, first close the high-pressure tank body outlet valve 17, the circulating pump 14 continues to operate, the nitrogen in the hydrogen storage cavity 1 and the circulating pipeline 12 is compressed to the high-pressure tank body 16 for storage, after completion, close the nitrogen outlet valve 13, the high-pressure tank body inlet valve 15, the nitrogen inlet valve 18, stop the circulating pump 14, at this time the inside of the hydrogen storage cavity 1 is in a vacuum state, at the same time, due to the presence of the anti-radiation plate 8, there is no heat transfer between the hydrogen storage alloy 6 and the phase change heat storage module 9, and finally the hydrogen storage alloy 6 stops releasing hydrogen, when the hydrogen supply needs to be restarted, repeat step (1).

[0044] The above stage one and stage two reciprocating operation constitutes the overall operation flow of the physical heat storage type solid-state hydrogen storage device.

[0045] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A physical heat storage type solid hydrogen storage device comprising a hydrogen storage cavity (1) and a circulation cavity (2), characterized in that, The hydrogen storage cavity (1) is internally provided with a high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell (5) and a heating structure, the high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell (5) is internally provided with a hydrogen storage alloy (6), the hydrogen storage alloy (6) is connected with a hydrogen pipeline (3) at the front end, and the hydrogen pipeline (3) is installed with a hydrogen valve (4); The circulating cavity (2) is internally installed with a nitrogen circulation structure, and the nitrogen circulation structure is connected with the hydrogen storage cavity (1) and the circulating cavity (2); The nitrogen circulation structure comprises a circulating pipeline (12), the circulating pipeline (12) is installed with a high-pressure tank body (16), the high-pressure tank body (16) divides the circulating pipeline (12) into a front-end pipeline and a rear-end pipeline, the front-end pipeline is sequentially installed with a nitrogen outlet valve (13), a circulating pump (14) and a high-pressure tank body inlet valve (15), and the rear-end pipeline is sequentially installed with a high-pressure tank body outlet valve (17) and a nitrogen inlet valve (18); The high-pressure tank body outlet valve (17) and the nitrogen inlet valve (18) are connected with an air inlet pipeline (21) in the pipeline, and the air inlet pipeline (21) is installed with an air inlet valve (22); The circulating pump (14) and the high-pressure tank body inlet valve (15) are connected with an air outlet pipeline (23) in the pipeline, and the air outlet pipeline (23) is installed with an air outlet valve (24); The heating structure comprises a plurality of phase-change heat storage modules (9), the phase-change heat storage module (9) is internally provided with an electric heating rod (10), and the electric heating rod (10) is connected with a power line (11).

2. The physical heat storage type solid state hydrogen storage device of claim 1, wherein, The high-pressure tank body (16) is connected with a nitrogen filling pipeline (19), and the nitrogen filling pipeline (19) is installed with a nitrogen filling valve (20).

3. The physical heat storage type solid state hydrogen storage device of claim 2, wherein, The phase-change heat storage module (9) and the high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell (5) are provided with a radiation-proof plate (8).

4. The physical heat storage type solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 3, wherein The high-thermal-conductivity sealing shell (5) and the hydrogen storage alloy (6) are provided with a high-thermal-conductivity support (7).

5. The physical heat storage type solid state hydrogen storage device of claim 4, wherein, The phase-change heat storage module (9) is internally filled with a solid-liquid phase-change heat storage material, is provided with a solar heat storage structure, and is a replaceable structure.

6. The physical heat storage type solid state hydrogen storage device of claim 5, wherein, The hydrogen storage alloy (6) is a magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy.

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