Buffering energy consumption structure, anti-falling beam device and method thereof
By configuring buffer and energy dissipation structures in the cable-stayed anti-fall beam device, and utilizing the deformation and sliding friction of damping elements to achieve dual energy dissipation, the problem of insufficient buffering and energy dissipation in existing devices is solved, thereby improving the anti-fall beam effect and the cost-effectiveness of the device.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NANJING MODERN MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION LABORATORY
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-22
AI Technical Summary
Existing anti-fall beam devices have insufficient buffering and energy dissipation capabilities, complex anchoring structures, and high costs, and cannot effectively reduce seismic forces, resulting in poor anti-fall beam performance.
In conventional cable-stayed anti-fall beam devices, buffer and energy dissipation structures are configured, including oppositely arranged support plates and pressure blocks, and damping elements located between them. The damping elements achieve dual energy dissipation through elastic and plastic deformation and sliding friction, and the limiting pads provide load-bearing capacity.
It achieves enhanced buffering and energy dissipation capabilities, effectively reducing seismic forces, preventing the beam from exceeding the bearing capacity of the supports, avoiding falls and beam collapses, and improving the safety and cost-effectiveness of the bridge structure.
Smart Images
Figure CN116676855B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge engineering technology, and in particular relates to a buffer energy dissipation structure, a beam-prevention device and method. Background Technology
[0002] Bridges are critical nodes in lifeline engineering projects, playing an extremely important role in post-earthquake emergency rescue, earthquake relief, and reconstruction. my country has over one million bridges in service, a large number of which are located in earthquake zones. Ensuring the earthquake safety of these bridges is a core concern for the industry.
[0003] Bridge girder collapse is one of the most serious types of earthquake damage to bridges. Domestic and international surveys on bridge earthquake damage show that bridge girder collapse caused by excessive seismic displacement of the bridge superstructure is quite common. Developing and designing anti-girder collapse devices is essential to ensure that bridge structures do not collapse under unexpected earthquake forces. This approach effectively improves the seismic safety of bridge structures under earthquakes exceeding design limits with relatively small investment, representing a typical example of "small investment, big benefits."
[0004] Research on anti-falling beam devices in my country started late. Current seismic codes only specify the types and general requirements for such devices. Currently, the most widely used device is the steel strand cable-type restraint device, consisting of cables, support plates, anchor sleeves, and fastening nuts. However, this device can only provide a certain restraining load-bearing capacity. Under seismic impact, its buffering and energy absorption effects are poor, and it cannot effectively reduce seismic forces, resulting in inadequate anti-falling beam performance. To meet practical engineering needs, thicker cables are often used, and the anchorage zone is reinforced to ensure structural safety. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention addresses the problems of insufficient buffering and energy dissipation capacity, complex anchoring structure, and high cost of existing anti-fall beam devices. It is necessary to configure buffering and energy dissipation structures and optimize anchoring structure on the basis of conventional cable-stayed anti-fall beam devices to achieve rapid attenuation of relative motion between beams and between beams and piers, reduce the maximum impact force, prevent beams from exceeding the bearing area of the supports, prevent beams from falling off the supports or even falling off the beam, and ensure the safety of the bridge structure.
[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a buffer energy dissipation structure, comprising: a support plate and a pressure block arranged opposite to each other; a first damping element, ..., an Nth damping element disposed between the pressure block and the support plate; wherein the Nth damping element is respectively housed within the (N-1)th damping element, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
[0007] It also includes: a limiting pad, disposed between the Nth damping element and the support plate; wherein, through holes are provided at predetermined positions of the support plate, the pressure block, the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element and the limiting pad, and the through holes provide a through space for the cable.
[0008] In a further embodiment, the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element each include: a horizontal segment, transition segments symmetrically disposed at both ends of the horizontal segment, and a connecting segment connected to the transition segment;
[0009] In this group, the horizontal section and the transition section of each damping element form a corresponding receiving cavity, and the height of the receiving cavity of the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element decreases in a decreasing trend.
[0010] In a further embodiment, the connecting segments of the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element are sequentially stacked end to end.
[0011] In a further embodiment, the limiting pad includes: a horizontal surface and inclined surfaces symmetrically connected to both ends of the horizontal surface; a predetermined gap is left between the horizontal surface and the support plate.
[0012] In a further embodiment, the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element are made of one of the following materials: steel, aluminum alloy, or shape memory alloy.
[0013] A beam-prevention device includes: at least one set of connecting seats, wherein the connecting seats are provided with a buffer energy-dissipating structure;
[0014] It also includes: a cable connecting the two sets of connecting seats or between the connecting seat and the hinged base, and a locking device for fixing the cable;
[0015] The buffer energy dissipation structure is as described above.
[0016] In a further embodiment, the locking element includes:
[0017] An anchoring sleeve is fitted onto the cable that passes sequentially through the connecting seat and the energy-dissipating buffer structure;
[0018] Tighten the bolts to the anchor sleeve.
[0019] In a further embodiment, the connector is provided with a through hole, and the element passes through the through hole;
[0020] The through hole has an expansion opening on one end face away from the buffer energy dissipation structure to form a guide structure.
[0021] A method of using a beam-prevention device, based on the beam-prevention device described above, includes the following steps:
[0022] Corresponding connecting seats or hinged bases are configured between beams, between beams and piers, or between beams and abutments. Each connecting seat is equipped with a buffer energy dissipation structure. The two ends of the cables pass through the corresponding connecting seats or hinged bases respectively.
[0023] When vibration occurs, the relative displacement between beams, between beams and piers, or between beams and abutments increases. The first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element first undergoes elastic deformation under pressure to buffer the vibration, and relative sliding occurs between the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element to dissipate energy.
[0024] As the displacement continues to increase, the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element undergoes plastic deformation in sequence. Under the support of the support plate, the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element fits more tightly with each other, and the local relative sliding displacement gradually increases. During this period, the compressive stiffness increases in a stepwise manner, achieving buffering with progressively increasing stiffness and more energy consumption.
[0025] After the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element undergoes sufficient elastic deformation, the inner surface of the cavity of the Nth damping element contacts the outer surface of the limiting pad, and the limiting pad provides greater compressive stiffness and load-bearing capacity, thus achieving ultimate limiting.
[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The buffer energy dissipation structure formed by the stacking of damping elements achieves dual energy dissipation through the elastic-plastic deformation of the elements and the sliding friction between the elements, and has strong buffer energy dissipation capability.
[0027] 2. The anti-fall beam device adopts a steel strand cable assembly and a buffer energy dissipation structure. The cables in the steel strand cable assembly have strong tensile bearing capacity; the buffer energy dissipation structure mainly bears the pressure. Under the action of pressure, each component can fully bear the load, with high material utilization and strong ultimate bearing capacity.
[0028] 3. The aforementioned buffer energy dissipation structure and its anti-fall beam device can achieve multi-stage buffer energy dissipation under different requirements by changing the number and shape of damping elements and adjusting the friction coefficient of the sliding surface, and also have a large buffer displacement.
[0029] 4. The buffer energy dissipation structure and its anti-fall beam device have parameters such as buffer displacement, buffer stiffness, and maximum output that are easy to design, have clear stress, and have stable and reliable performance.
[0030] 5. The anti-fall beam device has a simple and reliable structure, high cost performance, and is easy to apply in engineering. The pressure block, damping element, limit washer and other components in the device are detachable, making it easy to inspect, maintain and replace later. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer energy dissipation structure in Example 1.
[0032] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the buffer energy dissipation structure in Example 1.
[0033] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first damping element in Example 1.
[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second damping element in Example 1.
[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure block in Example 1.
[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting pad block in Example 1.
[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate in Example 2.
[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer energy dissipation structure and its anti-falling beam device in Example 2 for beam-to-beam connections. Figure 1 .
[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer energy dissipation structure and its anti-falling beam device in Example 2 for beam-to-beam connections. Figure 2 .
[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer energy dissipation structure and its anti-falling beam device in Example 3 for use in pier-beam connection. Figure 1 .
[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer energy dissipation structure and its anti-falling beam device in Example 3 for use in pier-beam connection. Figure 1 .
[0042] Figures 1 to 11 The labels in the text are as follows: 1. Buffer energy dissipation structure; 2. Cable; 3. Anchor sleeve; 4. Fastening nut; 5. Hinged base; 6. Beam; 7. Support; 8. Pier; 11. Pressure block; 12. First damping element; 13. Second damping element; 14. Third damping element; 15. Limiting pad; 16. Support plate; 121. Horizontal section; 122. Transition section; 151. Horizontal surface; 152. Inclined surface; 161. Guide structure. Detailed Implementation
[0043] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0044] Example 1
[0045] A buffer energy dissipation structure 1 includes: a pressure block 11, a first damping element 12, ..., an Nth damping element, a limiting pad 15, and a support plate 16. Structurally, the first damping element 12, ..., the Nth damping element are sequentially disposed between the pressure block 11 and the support plate 16, and the Nth damping element is housed within the (N-1)th damping element, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The limiting pad is disposed between the Nth damping element and the support plate 16. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, through holes are provided in the middle positions of the pressure block 11, the first damping element 12, ..., the Nth damping element, the limiting pad 15 and the support plate 16 for the cable 2 to pass through.
[0046] In other words, the first damping element 12 is located inside the pressure block 11, the second damping element 13 is located inside the first damping element 12, and so on, with the Nth damping element located inside the (N-1)th damping element, and the limiting pad 15 located inside the Nth damping element. Taking N=3 as an example, this includes: the first damping element 12, the second damping element 13, and the third damping element 14.
[0047] Combined Figure 3 and Figure 4 The cross-sections of the first damping element 12, ..., and the Nth damping element are similar, being Ω-shaped. Specifically, they include a horizontal segment 121, transition segments 122 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the horizontal segment 121, and connecting segments connecting to the transition segments 122. The horizontal segment 121 and transition segment 122 of each damping element form a corresponding receiving cavity, and the height of the receiving cavity of the first damping element 12, ..., and the Nth damping element decreases in that order. The connecting segments of the first damping element 12, ..., and the Nth damping element are sequentially stacked end to end, and the Nth damping element and the limiting pad 15 abut against the support plate 16.
[0048] In this embodiment, the height of the receiving cavity of the first damping element 12 is higher than that of the second damping element 13, the height of the receiving cavity of the second damping element 13 is higher than that of the third damping element 14, and the height of the receiving cavity of the third damping element 14 is higher than that of the limiting pad 15.
[0049] The outer surface of the cavity of the Nth damping element can be stacked with the inner surface of the (N-1)th damping element in sequence. After deformation, the surfaces can stick together and slide relative to each other. The contact surfaces of the damping elements that may slide relative to each other are roughened to increase the friction coefficient and improve the energy dissipation capacity. The friction coefficient is preferably between 0.25 and 0.4. Therefore, the material of the first damping element 12, ..., the Nth damping element is one of steel, aluminum alloy, or shape memory alloy.
[0050] like Figure 6As shown, the limiting gasket includes a horizontal surface 151 and inclined surfaces 152 symmetrically connected to both ends of the horizontal surface 151; a predetermined gap is left between the horizontal surface 151 and the support plate 16 to provide greater compressive stiffness. The distance of the gap is less than the height of the receiving cavity of the Nth damping element.
[0051] A method of using a beam-prevention device, based on the beam-prevention device described above, includes the following steps:
[0052] Corresponding connecting seats or hinged bases are configured between beams, between beams and piers, or between beams and abutments. Each connecting seat is equipped with a buffer energy dissipation structure. The two ends of the cables pass through the corresponding connecting seats or hinged bases respectively.
[0053] When vibration occurs, the relative displacement between beams, between beams and piers, or between beams and abutments increases. The first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element first undergoes elastic deformation under pressure to buffer the vibration, and relative sliding occurs between the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element to dissipate energy.
[0054] As the displacement continues to increase, the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element undergoes plastic deformation in sequence. Under the support of the support plate, the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element fits more tightly with each other, and the local relative sliding displacement gradually increases. During this period, the compressive stiffness increases in a stepwise manner, achieving buffering with progressively increasing stiffness and more energy consumption.
[0055] After the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element undergoes sufficient elastic deformation, the inner surface of the cavity of the Nth damping element contacts the outer surface of the limiting pad, and the limiting pad provides greater compressive stiffness and load-bearing capacity, thus achieving ultimate limiting.
[0056] Example 2
[0057] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, an anti-falling beam device is connected between beams 6 to limit excessive relative displacement. The anti-falling beam device includes two sets of connecting seats, each set of connecting seats is provided with a buffer energy dissipation structure 1, and the buffer energy dissipation structure 1 in this embodiment is as described in embodiment 1.
[0058] The anti-falling beam device in this embodiment further includes: a cable 2 connected between two sets of connecting seats, and a locking member for fixing the cable 2. The two ends of the cable 2 pass through the connecting seats and the corresponding buffer energy dissipation structure 1, respectively.
[0059] The locking mechanism includes: an anchoring sleeve 3 fitted onto the end of the cable 2, which passes sequentially through the connecting seat and the energy-dissipating buffer structure 1; and a fastening bolt fastened to the anchoring sleeve 3, which presses down the pressure block 11. By pressing down the pressure block 11, the first damping element 12, which has a certain elasticity under pressure, ensures that the cable 2 is in a tensioned state during normal bridge operation. To facilitate the installation of the cable 2, the connecting seat is provided with a through hole through which the cable passes; the through hole has an expansion opening at one end facing away from the energy-dissipating buffer structure 1, forming a guide structure 161.
[0060] Based on the above description, under the pressure generated by the tensioning cable 2, the pressure block 11 achieves a buffering function through the elastic deformation of multiple stacked irregular damping elements; after the damping elements deform, they are easy to stick together and undergo sliding friction to consume energy; when the displacement exceeds a certain amount, the damping elements undergo plastic deformation to further absorb impact energy.
[0061] When an earthquake occurs, the relative displacement between beams 6 increases. The first damping element 12, the second damping element 13, and the third damping element 14 first undergo elastic deformation under the pressure of the pressure block 11 to buffer the impact, and relative sliding occurs between the damping elements to dissipate energy. As the displacement continues to increase, the first damping element 12, the second damping element 13, and the third damping element 14 undergo plastic deformation sequentially. Furthermore, supported by the support plate 16, the three elements... The fit between the elements becomes tighter, and the local relative sliding displacement gradually increases. During this period, the compressive stiffness increases in a stepwise manner, achieving buffering with progressively increasing stiffness and greater energy consumption. Subsequently, when the first damping element 12, the second damping element 13, and the third damping element 14 have undergone sufficient elastoplastic deformation, the inner surface of the cavity of the third damping element 14 contacts the outer surface of the limiting pad 15. The limiting pad 15 provides greater compressive stiffness and load-bearing capacity, and limits the movement to prevent the beam 6 from falling off the connecting seat and the beam falling off.
[0062] Example 3
[0063] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, an anti-falling beam device is connected between the beam 6 and the pier 8 to limit excessive relative displacement. The device consists of a buffer energy-dissipating structure 1 (installed on a connecting seat) and a steel strand cable assembly comprising the cable 2, anchor sleeve 3, fastening bolts, and hinged base 5. The hinged base 5 is fixed within the pier 8 and can accommodate a certain angle of rotation. A support plate 16 is fixed within the connecting seat, which is fixed to the beam 6. The guide structure 161 is also designed to accommodate the space required for the cable 2 to rotate.
[0064] When an earthquake occurs, the relative displacement between beam 6 and pier 8 increases. The first damping element 12, the second damping element 13, and the third damping element 14 first undergo elastic deformation under the pressure of the pressure block 11 to buffer the impact, and relative sliding occurs between the damping elements to dissipate energy. As the displacement continues to increase, the first damping element 12, the second damping element 13, and the third damping element 14 undergo plastic deformation sequentially, and under the support of the support plate 16... The fit becomes tighter, and the local relative sliding displacement gradually increases. During this period, the compressive stiffness increases in a stepwise manner, achieving buffering with progressively increasing stiffness and greater energy consumption. Subsequently, when the first damping element 12, the second damping element 13, and the third damping element 14 have undergone sufficient elastoplastic deformation, the inner surface of the cavity of the third damping element 14 contacts the outer surface of the limiting pad 15. The limiting pad 15 will provide greater compressive stiffness and load-bearing capacity, and limit the movement to prevent the beam 6 from falling off the connecting seat and the beam falling phenomenon.
[0065] In summary, the end of the cable 2 is fixed to the anchor sleeve 3, and the fastening nut 4 is screwed into the anchor sleeve 3 to press the pressure block 11. The support plate 16 has a pre-set through hole and guide structure 161 in the middle for the cable 2 to pass through and to accommodate small-angle rotation of the cable 2. The lower part of the support plate 16 is fixed to the beam 6 to provide support for the anti-falling beam device. The anti-falling beam device can be set between beams 6, between beams 6 and piers, or between beams 6 and abutments, and can effectively prevent beams 6 from falling from the supports 7 and the occurrence of beam fall under seismic action.
Claims
1. A buffer energy dissipation structure, characterized in that, include: The support plates and pressure blocks are set opposite to each other; A first damping element, ..., an Nth damping element are disposed between the pressure block and the support plate; The connecting segments of the first damping element, ..., and the Nth damping element are stacked end to end in sequence; wherein the Nth damping element is respectively housed within the (N-1)th damping element, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; The first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element each include: a horizontal segment, transition segments symmetrically disposed at both ends of the horizontal segment, and a connecting segment connected to the transition segment; Among them, the horizontal section and transition section of each group of damping elements form a corresponding receiving cavity, and the height of the receiving cavity of the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element shows a decreasing trend; It also includes: a limiting shim, disposed between the Nth damping element and the support plate; wherein, through holes are provided at predetermined positions of the support plate, the pressure block, the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element and the limiting shim, and the through holes provide a through space for the cable; When vibration occurs, the relative displacement between beams, between beams and piers, or between beams and abutments increases. The first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element first undergoes elastic deformation under pressure to buffer the vibration, and relative sliding occurs between the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element to dissipate energy. As the displacement continues to increase, the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element undergoes plastic deformation in sequence. With the support of the support plate, the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element fits more tightly with each other, and the local relative sliding displacement gradually increases. During this period, the compressive stiffness increases in a stepwise manner, achieving buffering with progressively increasing stiffness and more energy consumption.
2. The buffer energy dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting pad includes a horizontal surface and inclined surfaces symmetrically connected to both ends of the horizontal surface; a predetermined gap is left between the horizontal surface and the support plate.
3. The buffer energy dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element are made of one of the following materials: steel, aluminum alloy, or shape memory alloy.
4. A beam-prevention device, characterized in that, include: At least one set of connectors, wherein the connectors are provided with a buffer energy dissipation structure; It also includes: a cable connecting the two sets of connecting seats or between the connecting seat and the hinged base, and a locking device for fixing the cable; The buffer energy dissipation structure is as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The anti-falling beam device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking element includes: An anchoring sleeve is fitted onto the cable that passes sequentially through the connecting seat and the energy-dissipating buffer structure; Tighten the bolts to the anchor sleeve and press the pressure block.
6. The anti-falling beam device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connector is provided with a through hole, and the material passes through the through hole; The through hole has an expansion opening on one end face away from the buffer energy dissipation structure to form a guide structure.
7. A method of using an anti-falling beam device, based on the anti-falling beam device according to any one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Corresponding connecting seats or hinged bases are configured between beams, between beams and piers, or between beams and abutments. Each connecting seat is equipped with a buffer energy dissipation structure. The two ends of the cables pass through the corresponding connecting seats or hinged bases respectively. When vibration occurs, the relative displacement between beams, between beams and piers, or between beams and abutments increases. The first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element first undergoes elastic deformation under pressure to buffer the vibration, and relative sliding occurs between the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element to dissipate energy. As the displacement continues to increase, the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element undergoes plastic deformation in sequence. Under the support of the support plate, the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element fits more tightly with each other, and the local relative sliding displacement gradually increases. During this period, the compressive stiffness increases in a stepwise manner, achieving buffering with progressively increasing stiffness and more energy consumption. After the first damping element, ..., the Nth damping element undergoes sufficient elastic deformation, the inner surface of the cavity of the Nth damping element contacts the outer surface of the limiting pad, and the limiting pad provides greater compressive stiffness and load-bearing capacity, thus achieving ultimate limiting.