Method for checking the circumferential radius and perpendicularity of an internal inspection shaft

Abstract

The application discloses a method for checking the circumferential radius and perpendicularity of an internal inspection well, and belongs to the technical field of civil construction. The method solves the problem of setting a measurement control point by setting a measurement tool and transferring a reference layer by layer, effectively solves the problem of internal inspection measurement positioning, guarantees the quality of the radius of the inspection well, and only needs one person to measure during measurement, has few disturbing factors, is favorable for guaranteeing the accuracy, is safe for personnel, and also improves the work efficiency by several times, thereby providing effective guarantee for the construction quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of civil engineering construction technology and relates to an inspection method applicable to areas with narrow spaces, high surrounding heights, and inconvenient control point layout, particularly a method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of internal inspection wells. Background Technology

[0002] The stainless steel cylinder of the nuclear island building in a nuclear power plant mainly includes inspection wells, refueling wells, and vertical shafts. During nuclear power operation, important equipment such as protective pipe assemblies and in-core components are installed inside the cylinder. During operation, the stainless steel cylinder is filled with water, therefore, the requirements for its overall geometric dimensions and sealing performance are high. The stainless steel cylinder lining is constructed using the pre-applied method, serving as an inner formwork during concrete pouring. The cylinder has a small radius and a high height, and is located in a confined space, limiting the measurement space. In the past, to measure the radius of the inspection well, a base plate was set up on the top surface of the inspection well. First, the center was located, and then the center line was projected using the base plate. For each high-rise section, two people held a steel tape measure, moved it left and right to align it with the center point of the base plate, and read the radius value. The measurement efficiency was extremely poor. Personnel had to work together simultaneously, the space was confined, the operation was difficult, and the safety risks were high. Simultaneous work at different levels and overlapping construction were also present. The accuracy was affected by personnel and the environment. Long-term operation could easily lead to fatigue, and the quality was difficult to guarantee. The radius tolerance of the inspection well was -2 / +5mm, which was difficult to guarantee during operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of internal inspection wells, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well, characterized by the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Divide the manhole into several measurement layers from top to bottom, and divide each measurement layer into several inspection points along its circumference; set up the measurement fixture at the top inside the manhole, with the fixture positioned between the first and second layers and close to the first layer; set up the total station in the middle of the measurement fixture.

[0006] Step 2: Measure the distance and azimuth of two known control points using a total station, and calculate the total station's position coordinates; input the total station's position coordinates into the total station, backsight the known control points again, set the azimuth, and then set the elevation; measure the coordinates of each checkpoint on the first and second floors.

[0007] Step 3: Lower the surveying fixture so that it is located between the third and fourth floors and close to the third floor; set up the total station in the middle of the surveying fixture;

[0008] Step 4: Measure the distance, azimuth, and coordinates of two mutually perpendicular detection points on the second floor using a total station, and calculate the total station's position coordinates; input the total station's position coordinates into the total station, backsight one of the two mutually perpendicular detection points on the second floor, set the azimuth, and then set the elevation; measure the coordinates of each inspection point on the third and fourth floors.

[0009] Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 to measure the coordinates of each inspection point in the remaining measurement layer;

[0010] Step 6: For each measurement layer, calculate the optimal threshold for the center coordinates of the measurement layer based on the coordinates of each inspection point and the theoretical radius of that measurement layer;

[0011] Step 7: Average the center coordinates of all measurement layers by taking the optimal threshold.

[0012] Step 8: Using the average center coordinates as a reference, calculate the X and Y deviation values ​​of the optimal threshold of the center coordinates of each measurement layer, that is, the overall verticality of the inspection well.

[0013] Using the average center coordinates as a reference, the actual radius and radius deviation of each measurement layer are calculated, thus obtaining the circumference of the inspection well.

[0014] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well, which may also have the following feature: the interlayer spacing of the measuring layers is smaller than the radius of the inspection well, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the total station.

[0015] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well, which may also have the following feature: wherein the plurality of inspection points are evenly distributed around the circumference of the measuring layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well, which may also have the following feature: wherein, in the same measurement layer, the distance between two adjacent inspection points is 30~80 cm.

[0017] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well, which may also have the following features: wherein the measuring fixture includes a horizontal channel steel, a scaffold steel pipe and an adjustable top support; the scaffold steel pipe is fixed to one end of the horizontal channel steel, and the adjustable top support is installed on the scaffold steel pipe. By adjusting the adjustable top support, the length of the measuring fixture can be changed, thereby fixing the measuring fixture to the inner wall of the inspection well.

[0018] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well, which may also have the following feature: wherein the measuring fixture further includes a top support plate, the top support plate being fixed to the other end of a horizontal channel steel.

[0019] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well, which may also have the following features: wherein the measuring fixture further includes a forced centering plate, the forced centering plate is fixed in the middle part of the horizontal channel steel, and the total station is mounted on the forced centering plate.

[0020] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well, which may also have the following features: In step two, the specific method for calculating the total station position coordinates by measuring the distance and azimuth of two known control points using a total station is as follows: the total station is backsighted to a known control point, the distance and azimuth of the known control point are measured, the total station is rotated clockwise, and the distance and azimuth of another known control point are aimed at and measured to obtain the total station position coordinates.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of internal inspection wells. By setting up measuring fixtures and transferring the benchmark layer by layer, the problem of setting measurement control points is solved, effectively solving the problem of internal inspection measurement positioning, ensuring the quality of the inspection well radius. At the same time, only one person is needed for measurement, which is less affected by interference factors, which helps to ensure accuracy and personnel safety. Moreover, the work efficiency is increased several times, providing an effective guarantee for construction quality.

[0022] Repeated practice has proven that the method of this invention effectively solves the problem of inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of internal inspection wells, and has the following significant advantages:

[0023] 1. The measuring fixture is tightened by adjusting the top support and applying torque, requiring no welding and without damaging the structural body;

[0024] Second, the measuring fixtures are reusable, achieving environmental protection and energy conservation, and reducing costs.

[0025] Third, the benchmark is gradually transferred and the station setup is flexible, which ensures the uniformity of the measurement benchmark. One person can operate the observation, which is less affected by environmental interference factors, which is conducive to quality assurance, improves the safety of measurement, and reduces cost input. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the inspection well;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the manhole cross-section;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inspection points of the manhole;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring tooling structure. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The reactor building of a nuclear power plant has an inspection well with a height of 12000mm, an inner diameter of 3686mm, a bottom elevation of +4.430m, and a radius tolerance of -2 / +5mm. Due to the lateral pressure during concrete pouring, the cylinder is prone to deformation. Given the thin slab thickness, improper processes and sequences can easily cause significant deviations, greatly affecting the curvature of the annular wall panels and impacting subsequent use. Therefore, a quality assessment is necessary after concrete pouring. Because the interior creates a confined space, control points cannot be arranged normally; the adequacy of measurement and control work directly affects the project quality and construction progress.

[0032] The method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well, as provided by this invention, is applied to perform the inspection. Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0033] Step 1, such as Figure 2 As shown, the inspection well 1 is divided into several measuring layers 11 from top to bottom. The spacing between the measuring layers 11 is smaller than the radius of the inspection well 1, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the total station. Figure 3 As shown, the measuring layer 11 is divided into several inspection points 12 along its circumference. The inspection points 12 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the measuring layer 11, and the distance between two adjacent inspection points 12 is 30~80 cm.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a measuring fixture 2 is installed at the top inside the inspection well 1. Figure 4 As shown, the measuring fixture 2 includes a horizontal channel steel 21, a scaffolding steel pipe 22, an adjustable top support 23, a top support plate 24, and a forced centering plate 25. The scaffolding steel pipe 22 is welded to one end of the horizontal channel steel 21. The adjustable top support 23 is installed on the scaffolding steel pipe 22, and torque is applied to the adjustable top support 23 to fix the measuring fixture. The top support plate 24 is fixed to the other end of the horizontal channel steel 21. The forced centering plate 25 is fixed to the middle part of the horizontal channel steel 21 and is used to set up the total station. The dimensions are as follows: horizontal channel steel 120×53×5.5 mm; top support plate 230×200×5 mm; scaffolding steel pipe Φ48.3×3.6 mm; adjustable top support Φ38 mm, 230×200×600 mm.

[0035] The surveying fixture 2 is positioned between the first and second floors, closer to the first floor. The total station 3 is mounted on the forced centering plate 25 of the surveying fixture 2.

[0036] Step Two, as follows Figure 1As shown, the total station 3 backsights the known control point 31 HX05 (3000.5077, 5988.5777), measuring the distance to the control point as 13.5738m and the azimuth as 12°23′54.7″. Rotating the total station clockwise, aim at and measure another known control point 31 HX03 (3001.0405, 6006.8917), obtaining a distance of 10.7402m and an azimuth of 109°30′27.7″. Calculate the total station's position coordinates (2992.9363, 5999.8437).

[0037] Input the coordinates into the total station, backsight the known control point 31 HX05, set the azimuth to 303°54′12.1″, and then set the elevation to 16.5325m.

[0038] Measure the coordinates of each inspection point on the first floor (mark the points before measurement using a yellow-painted square frame with a cross symbol):

[0039]

[0040] Measure the coordinates of each checkpoint on the second floor:

[0041]

[0042] Step 3: Move the measuring fixture 2 down to between the third and fourth floors, near the lower part of the third floor. Set up the total station 3.

[0043] Step 4: Measure the distance between two mutually perpendicular check points on the second layer: 1 (2994.7310, 6000.4757), measured as 1.8750 m, azimuth 15°33′21.5″; 7 (2992.4744, 6001.7773), measured as 1.8420 m, azimuth 105°32′31.5″. Calculate the total station coordinates: (2992.9200, 5999.9900).

[0044] Input the coordinates into the total station, backsight one of the two mutually perpendicular check points on the second layer, set the azimuth, and then set the elevation. Measure the coordinates of each check point on the third and fourth layers.

[0045] Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 to measure the coordinates of each checkpoint in the remaining measurement layer:

[0046]

[0047] Step Six: For each measurement layer, calculate the optimal threshold (C) for the center coordinates of the measurement layer based on the coordinates of each inspection point, using a theoretical radius of 1.843m. For example, for an 11.4m layer:

[0048]

[0049] Step 7: Average the center coordinates of all measurement layers using the optimal threshold to obtain the average center coordinates:

[0050]

[0051] Step 8: Using the average center coordinates as a reference, calculate the deviation values ​​(A deviation, B deviation) of the optimal threshold for the center coordinates of each measurement layer, which is the overall verticality of the inspection well.

[0052]

[0053] Using the average center coordinates as a reference, the actual radius and radius deviation of each measurement layer are calculated, thus obtaining the circumference of the inspection well:

[0054]

[0055] The overall condition of the inspection well was finally determined. It meets the requirements.

[0056] This method solves the problem of limited internal space and significant elevation differences in inspection areas, which makes it inconvenient to observe using conventional methods. It can make full use of the moving tooling to solve the measurement problem step by step. By connecting the upper end with the known measurement control points of the platform, it can achieve unified association and solve the problem of the inability to arrange the positioning axis in the limited space. This is conducive to ensuring measurement accuracy, improving labor productivity, and helping to meet the needs of optimizing the construction schedule.

[0057] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. These modifications, substitutions, or improvements and alterations without departing from the principle of the present invention do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, they cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention; that is, all technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Divide the inspection well into several measurement layers from top to bottom, and divide the measurement layer into several inspection points along its circumference; Set up the surveying fixture at the top of the inspection well, between the first and second floors and close to the first floor; set up the total station in the middle of the surveying fixture. Step 2: Measure the distance and azimuth of two known control points using a total station, and calculate the total station's position coordinates; input the total station's position coordinates into the total station, backsight the known control points again, set the azimuth, and then set the elevation; measure the coordinates of each checkpoint on the first and second floors. Step 3: Lower the surveying fixture so that it is located between the third and fourth floors and close to the third floor; set up the total station in the middle of the surveying fixture; Step 4: Measure the distance, azimuth, and coordinates of two mutually perpendicular detection points on the second floor using a total station, and calculate the total station's position coordinates; input the total station's position coordinates into the total station, backsight one of the two mutually perpendicular detection points on the second floor, set the azimuth, and then set the elevation; measure the coordinates of each inspection point on the third and fourth floors. Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 to measure the coordinates of each inspection point in the remaining measurement layer; Step 6: For each measurement layer, calculate the optimal threshold for the center coordinates of the measurement layer based on the coordinates of each inspection point and the theoretical radius of that measurement layer; Step 7: Average the center coordinates of all measurement layers by taking the optimal threshold. Step 8: Using the average center coordinates as a reference, calculate the deviation of the optimal threshold of the center coordinates of each measurement layer, i.e., the overall verticality of the inspection well. Using the average center coordinates as a reference, the actual radius and radius deviation of each measurement layer are calculated, thus obtaining the circumference of the inspection well.

2. The method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The interlayer spacing of the measuring layers is smaller than the radius of the inspection well.

3. The method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The inspection points are evenly distributed around the circumference of the measurement layer.

4. The method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well according to claim 3, characterized in that: in, Within the same measurement layer, the distance between two adjacent inspection points is 30~80 cm.

5. The method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The measuring fixture includes horizontal channel steel, scaffolding steel pipes, and adjustable top supports; The scaffolding steel pipe is fixed to one end of the horizontal channel steel, and the adjustable top support is installed on the scaffolding steel pipe. By adjusting the adjustable top support, the measuring tool is fixed to the inner wall of the inspection well.

6. The method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well according to claim 5, characterized in that: in, The measuring fixture also includes a top support plate, which is fixed to the other end of the horizontal channel steel.

7. The method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well according to claim 5, characterized in that: in, The measuring fixture also includes a forced centering plate, which is fixed in the middle of the horizontal channel steel, and the total station is mounted on the forced centering plate.

8. The method for inspecting the circumference radius and verticality of an internal inspection well according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, In step two, the specific method for calculating the total station's position coordinates by measuring the distance and azimuth of two known control points using a total station is as follows: backsight the total station to the known control point, measure the distance and azimuth of the known control point, rotate the total station clockwise, aim at and measure the distance and azimuth of the other known control point, and thus obtain the total station's position coordinates.

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