A method for dissipating energy to achieve rapid accumulation of debris flow control

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for rapidly depositing debris flow. The method is characterized by directing debris flow fluid from both sides of a channel toward the center, where it is repeatedly impacted by an energy dissipation sill. This method can more efficiently dissipate debris flow energy, guiding it to rapidly deposit, and avoiding damage to revetments and onshore structures on both sides of the channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of debris flow control, and in particular to an energy dissipation method for completing rapid accumulation of debris flow control. Background Art

[0002] A debris flow is a special type of torrent of water (from heavy rain, glaciers, or snowmelt) that occurs in valleys or hillsides, carrying large amounts of solid material such as mud, sand, rocks, and boulders. A typical debris flow consists of a thick, viscous slurry rich in silt and clay, suspended in coarse solid debris. Under suitable terrain conditions, large amounts of water can penetrate the solid deposits on a flowing hillside or in a gully bed, destabilizing them. The water-saturated solids then move under their own gravity, forming a debris flow.

[0003] Debris flows are a catastrophic geological phenomenon characterized by suddenness, rapid velocity, high flow volume, large material capacity, and strong destructive power. Debris flows typically occur suddenly and violently, carrying large rocks. Their high speed and immense energy make them extremely destructive. Debris flows often destroy transportation infrastructure such as roads and railways, and even villages and towns, causing significant damage.

[0004] Conventional debris flow management involves installing energy dissipation barriers within the debris flow channel to dissipate the flow's energy and reduce its impact. However, conventional energy dissipation barriers are simply horizontal structures placed within the channel, which absorb the flow's impact and dissipate its energy. Their effectiveness is limited, and debris flows take a long time to accumulate and accumulate, leaving them vulnerable to erosion and damage to buildings along the banks. In particular, revetment structures along the debris flow channel are susceptible to erosion and damage, resulting in poor debris flow management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide an energy dissipation method for debris flow control and rapid accumulation that can more efficiently complete the energy dissipation of debris flow, guide it to quickly complete accumulation, avoid damage to the bank protection structures on both sides of the debris flow channel and the buildings on the shore, and better prevent and suppress the hazards of debris flow.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for rapidly depositing debris flow is characterized in that the debris flow fluid is guided from both sides of a channel to a middle position, and the debris flow fluid is repeatedly impacted by an energy dissipation threshold set in the middle position of the channel to complete the energy dissipation treatment of the debris flow fluid, thereby guiding the debris flow fluid to quickly complete the deposition.

[0008] This method directs debris flow toward the center of the channel, reducing erosion and damage to the bank protection on both sides of the channel during the energy dissipation process. Furthermore, debris flow concentrated in the center of the channel can better dissipate energy, dissipate energy, and quickly complete accumulation, thus avoiding damage to subsequent buildings.

[0009] Furthermore, before guiding the debris flow to flow into the middle of the channel, the large-diameter objects in the debris flow are first intercepted and blocked.

[0010] In this way, the interception of large-diameter objects in the debris flow is completed first, which is not only more conducive to the subsequent energy dissipation of the debris flow fluid, but also can prevent the large-diameter objects in the debris flow from easily impacting and damaging the energy dissipation threshold due to their large kinetic energy. The large-size objects are objects with a size of at least 0.5 meters.

[0011] Furthermore, the present method is implemented by adopting a debris flow energy dissipation control system, which includes a debris flow energy dissipation sill structure. The debris flow energy dissipation sill structure includes an interception energy dissipation sill arranged in the debris flow channel at the tail of the debris flow accumulation area along the width direction. The slopes on both sides of the interception energy dissipation sill and the debris flow channel are fixed. A discharge gap is provided in the middle of the interception energy dissipation sill, and an impact energy dissipation structure is also provided in the debris flow channel below the discharge gap.

[0012] In this way, when the debris flow flows through the debris flow energy dissipation sill structure, it will first contact and collide with the interception energy dissipation sill to achieve preliminary interception and energy dissipation. At the same time, the interception energy dissipation sill will force the debris flow to discharge downward from the discharge gap in the middle position. The fluid flowing out of the discharge gap will further collide with the energy dissipation structure downward to dissipate energy, unload energy, and reduce hazards.

[0013] Furthermore, the discharge gap of the intercepting energy dissipation threshold is set flush with the bottom of the debris flow channel.

[0014] This can be more conducive to guiding the debris flow to discharge downward from the discharge gap and hit the energy dissipation structure below to achieve energy dissipation.

[0015] Furthermore, the intercepting energy dissipation sill is buried in the foundation portion below the bottom of the debris flow channel and is provided with a water filter hole, so that the groundwater in the channel can flow downward through the intercepting energy dissipation sill.

[0016] Furthermore, a guiding energy dissipation structure is provided at the upstream end of the discharge gap of the intercepting energy dissipation sill. The guiding energy dissipation structure includes two energy dissipation guide walls located in the debris flow channel on both sides of the upstream end of the discharge gap of the intercepting energy dissipation sill. The two energy dissipation guide walls are correspondingly arranged in front of the sill body at both ends of the discharge gap of the intercepting energy dissipation sill and are in an eight-shaped shape that opens outward toward the upstream end.

[0017] In this way, the two energy dissipation guide walls can better guide the debris flow fluid toward the discharge gap in the middle of the interception energy dissipation sill, allowing it to discharge downward from the discharge gap and collide with the downstream impact energy dissipation structure to dissipate energy. At the same time, the energy dissipation guide walls themselves can complete the oblique impact friction of the guided fluid, achieving initial energy dissipation. They can also guide the fluid that is directly facing the sills on both sides of the flow energy dissipation sill to the discharge gap, preventing it from directly impacting the sills on both sides of the flow energy dissipation sill. This reduces the impact force of the debris flow fluid on the interception energy dissipation sill and improves its structural stability.

[0018] Furthermore, the foundation at the lower end of the energy dissipation diversion wall is buried below the bottom surface of the debris flow channel, and a diversion wall connection plate located on the bottom surface of the debris flow channel is horizontally fixedly connected to the upper side of the foundation.

[0019] In this way, the foundation at the lower end of the energy dissipation guide wall is deeply buried, and a connecting plate is horizontally arranged above the foundation to connect the energy dissipation guide walls and the foundation on both sides together. The structure itself has good stability and anti-overturning ability. At the same time, the debris flow has a large specific gravity and has the characteristics of crushing. Therefore, when a debris flow hits, the debris flow fluid will directly press on the top of the connecting plate while impacting the energy dissipation guide wall. Its pressure can effectively prevent the energy dissipation guide wall from tipping over backward. At the same time, the energy dissipation guide wall is designed in an eight-shaped shape. The impact force of the debris flow on its inner slope can be converted into a horizontal outward thrust on the energy dissipation guide wall and offset by the connecting plate, ensuring that the energy dissipation guide walls on both sides will not be impacted and pushed outward. Therefore, the above structure can improve the anti-overturning performance and stability of the energy dissipation guide wall from multiple angles, ensuring the reliability of its structure during the impact of the debris flow.

[0020] Furthermore, the middle portion of the guide wall connecting plate has a protrusion extending forward, which increases the area of the connecting plate, so that it can be better pressed when encountering a debris flow, and better improves the stability of the energy dissipation guide wall.

[0021] Furthermore, a plurality of energy dissipation and diversion grooves are provided at intervals upward on the upper half of the energy dissipation and diversion wall.

[0022] In this way, when the debris flow is large and floods the upper half of the energy dissipation diversion wall, part of the fluid can flow through the energy dissipation diversion groove, reducing the impact on the energy dissipation diversion wall and better ensuring the stability of the energy dissipation diversion wall structure.

[0023] Furthermore, both the front and rear ends of the energy dissipation guide groove are obliquely opened forward, and the middle portion is in an arc shape that bends toward the downstream end in the length direction of the energy dissipation guide wall.

[0024] Because the energy dissipation guide wall itself is arranged in a figure-eight shape, the fluid inside the energy dissipation guide wall is squeezed. Combined with the arc-shaped structure of the energy dissipation guide trough itself, this guides the debris flow fluid from the front side of the energy dissipation guide trough into the trough. After being deflected by the arc-shaped structure of the trough body, it flows forward from the rear side of the energy dissipation guide wall, colliding with the fluid flowing downstream from the rear side of the energy dissipation guide wall to dissipate energy. Therefore, in the event of a large debris flow, this structure can not only allow some fluid to pass through the energy dissipation guide wall to reduce the impact on the wall itself and improve its stability, but also use this partially penetrated fluid to impact and consume some of the energy of the debris flow outside the energy dissipation guide wall, preventing the sills on both sides of the intercepting energy dissipation sill from being subjected to excessive impact and becoming unstable. At the same time, it ensures the stability of both the energy dissipation guide wall and the intercepting energy dissipation sill when subjected to large-volume debris flow impact.

[0025] Furthermore, the impact energy dissipation structure includes a diversion energy dissipation sill arranged in the middle of the debris flow channel (directly below the discharge gap). The diversion energy dissipation sill is in the shape of an arc with the middle part convex toward the upstream end and the two ends are separated from the slopes on both sides of the debris flow channel. Two impact energy dissipation sills are respectively arranged in the debris flow channel below the two ends of the diversion energy dissipation sill, directly opposite the two ends of the diversion energy dissipation sill.

[0026] The debris flow (flowing from the discharge gap) then flows down the middle of the channel and impacts the arc-shaped diversion energy dissipation sill, achieving (second) impact energy dissipation. It is then diverted to the sides and impacts the impact energy dissipation sills below them, achieving repeated impact energy dissipation. This repeated collision dissipation dissipates the debris flow's energy, allowing it to quickly accumulate at the tail end of the accumulation area, avoiding damage to buildings on either side.

[0027] Furthermore, a supporting wall is vertically arranged in the middle of the rear side of the diversion energy dissipation sill.

[0028] In this way, the supporting wall plays a supporting and reinforcing role on the position of the middle part of the diversion energy dissipation sill facing the impact, thereby improving the stability of the structure.

[0029] Furthermore, the lower end of the diversion energy dissipation sill has a foundation buried below the bottom of the debris flow channel, and a horizontal forward energy dissipation sill pressure plate is fixedly connected above the lower foundation of the diversion energy dissipation sill, and the upper surface of the energy dissipation sill pressure plate is flush with the bottom of the debris flow channel.

[0030] In this way, the diversion energy dissipation sill is buried deep in the foundation to improve its stability. At the same time, a forward-facing pressure plate is set at the lower end. In this way, before the debris flow hits the diversion energy dissipation sill, it will first press on the pressure plate. The heavy weight of the debris flow will exert a greater crushing force on the pressure plate, better preventing the diversion energy dissipation sill from tipping backward. This greatly improves the stability of the diversion energy dissipation sill structure.

[0031] Furthermore, an energy dissipation sill connecting plate located on the bottom surface of the debris flow channel is horizontally and fixedly connected between the lower parts of the two impact energy dissipation sills below the two ends of the diversion energy dissipation sill.

[0032] In this way, the two impact energy dissipation sills are fixedly connected together by the energy dissipation sill connecting plate. When the two impact energy dissipation sills are impacted by the fluid flowing out of the two ends of the diverter energy dissipation sill, the impact force can be converted into a horizontal outward force on the two impact energy dissipation sills and offset by the energy dissipation sill connecting plate. Therefore, the structural stability of the diverter energy dissipation sill is better guaranteed.

[0033] Furthermore, the impact energy dissipation threshold is in an overall arc shape with the middle portion bending outward.

[0034] In this way, the arc can guide the fluid flowing out from both ends of the diversion energy dissipation sill and impacting the middle part of the inner side of the arc of the impact energy dissipation sill, and rush out along the inner arc of the impact energy dissipation sill to the front and rear ends. In this way, the fluid rushing out along the inner arc of the impact energy dissipation sill to the front end can collide with the fluid flowing from upstream, thereby better achieving energy dissipation.

[0035] Furthermore, in the impact energy dissipation structure, the diverter energy dissipation sill and the corresponding impact energy dissipation sills on both sides are provided in multiple groups spaced apart downward, and the lower ends of the two impact energy dissipation sills of the upper group are arranged opposite to the upstream side surface of the diverter energy dissipation sill of the lower group.

[0036] This allows the fluid, arcing from the inner side of the previous set of diverter sills toward the downstream end, to converge and collide with the next set of diverter sills. This allows the fluid to dissipate energy more quickly through repeated impacts with multiple sets of energy dissipation structures, effectively dissipating energy and rapidly completing accumulation, thus preventing damage to buildings behind.

[0037] Furthermore, the debris flow energy dissipation and control system also includes a composite retaining dam structure arranged at the upstream end of the debris flow energy dissipation sill structure; the composite retaining dam structure includes a retaining dam arranged in the debris flow channel along the width direction, and the retaining dam is distributed with discharge holes or discharge grids; it also includes interception piles arranged in rows at the upstream end of the retaining dam along the width direction, and the spacing size of adjacent interception piles is larger than the hole size of the discharge holes or discharge grids on the retaining dam.

[0038] In this way, when a debris flow passes through the composite retaining dam structure, not only can the intercepting piles and dam block the debris flow and achieve initial energy dissipation, but more importantly, large objects (at least 0.5 meters in diameter), such as trees and large rocks, are first intercepted by the intercepting piles. The smaller portions of these large objects are then intercepted and retained by the dam, leaving the remaining fluid free of large objects to flow downward. This effectively prevents large, potentially destructive and dangerous objects from being impacted by the debris flow and damaging subsequent prevention and control structures and surrounding artificial structures. Furthermore, removing large objects from the fluid allows subsequent prevention and control structures to better dissipate the remaining debris flow, which exhibits more fluid characteristics.

[0039] Furthermore, the interception piles are arranged in at least two rows, and the spacing between the interception piles at the upstream end is greater than the spacing between the interception piles at the downstream end.

[0040] In this way, large-sized objects can be better intercepted in a graded manner.

[0041] Furthermore, the interception pile located at the upstream end is arranged at a height greater than the interception pile located at the downstream end.

[0042] In this way, the interception pile at the upstream end can more easily intercept larger objects.

[0043] Furthermore, each row of intercepting piles is fixedly connected to each other by hinges, and both ends of the hinges extend forward and are fixed on foundation piles buried at the upstream end of the debris flow channel.

[0044] This is because large-sized objects such as large rocks have too much impact on a single interception pile, so each row of interception piles is fixed together with hinges to better withstand the impact and transfer part of the impact to the foundation pile in front, ensuring the stability of the interception pile structure itself and better playing the interception role.

[0045] Furthermore, the foundation piles are buried at the bottom of the upstream debris flow channel, and a foundation pile pressure plate is provided on the upper surface of the foundation piles, which is located on the bottom surface of the debris flow channel. The area of the foundation pile pressure plate is more than ten times the cross-sectional area of the foundation piles.

[0046] This is because debris flows have a high specific gravity and are characterized by crushing forces. Before reaching the interception piles, they will first crush and flow over the pile pressure plate. Therefore, the larger the debris flow, the greater the impact on the interception piles. At the same time, the greater the pressure on the pile pressure plate, which can firmly press the piles downward, allowing the hinges to withstand greater tension and exert greater support on the piles. Therefore, as the interception piles withstand greater impact, their stability will also increase accordingly. This ensures that the piles can withstand greater debris flow impacts and better guarantees the stability of the pile structure.

[0047] Furthermore, the retaining dam is in an overall arc shape with the middle portion bulging toward the upstream end.

[0048] In this way, the arc shape can convert part of the impact force into backward pressure on both sides, so that the retaining dam can better withstand the impact. At the same time, the arc-shaped structure can better accommodate the deformation caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the retaining dam in normal times, ensuring the stability of the structure.

[0049] Furthermore, the heights on both sides of the retaining dam are higher than the height in the middle.

[0050] In this way, the arc shape of the retaining dam can push and divert the intercepted larger diameter stones to both sides. The higher heights on both sides of the retaining dam can form a larger accommodating space in the front to accommodate the larger diameter stones pushed here.

[0051] Furthermore, a water culvert is provided below the middle of the retaining dam at the bottom of the debris flow channel, and the size of the water culvert is larger than the size of the discharge holes or the holes of the discharge grille on the retaining dam.

[0052] In this way, when mudslides do not occur, the normal flow of water can be facilitated.

[0053] Furthermore, support walls are provided at intervals on the downstream side of the retaining dam, thereby increasing the anti-overturning force of the retaining dam and better ensuring the stability of the dam body.

[0054] Furthermore, a row of supporting walls is arranged every 5 meters to better improve the supporting effect.

[0055] In summary, the present invention can more efficiently complete the energy dissipation treatment of debris flow, guide it to quickly complete accumulation, and avoid damage to the bank protection structures on both sides of the debris flow channel and the buildings on the shore. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a separate composite retaining dam structure in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 DD section view used to display the retaining dam structure.

[0058] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The EE cross-sectional view used to display the longitudinal structure of the composite retaining dam.

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a separate debris flow energy dissipation threshold structure in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 5 yes Figure 4The GG cross-sectional view used to display the interception energy dissipation sill structure.

[0061] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 The FF cross-sectional view used to display the energy dissipation and diversion wall structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0063] Optimal implementation method: A method for energy dissipation to complete rapid accumulation of debris flow control, characterized in that the debris flow fluid is guided from both sides of the channel to the middle position, and the energy dissipation treatment of the debris flow fluid is completed by repeated impact with the energy dissipation threshold set in the middle position of the channel, thereby guiding the debris flow fluid to quickly complete accumulation.

[0064] This method directs debris flow toward the center of the channel, reducing erosion and damage to the bank protection on both sides. Furthermore, debris flow concentrated in the center of the channel can better dissipate energy, allowing for rapid accumulation and avoiding damage to subsequent buildings.

[0065] Furthermore, before guiding the debris flow to flow into the middle of the channel, the large-diameter objects in the debris flow are first intercepted and blocked.

[0066] In this way, the interception of large-diameter objects in the debris flow is completed first, which is not only more conducive to the subsequent energy dissipation of the debris flow fluid, but also can prevent the large-diameter objects in the debris flow from easily impacting and damaging the energy dissipation threshold due to their large kinetic energy. The large-size objects are objects with a size of at least 0.5 meters.

[0067] In this embodiment, a debris flow energy dissipation control system is adopted, which includes a debris flow energy dissipation sill structure. The debris flow energy dissipation sill structure includes an interception energy dissipation sill 21 arranged in the debris flow channel at the tail of the debris flow accumulation area along the width direction. The slopes on both sides of the interception energy dissipation sill 21 and the debris flow channel are fixed (during implementation, a bank protection structure is further arranged on the slope), a discharge gap 22 is arranged in the middle of the interception energy dissipation sill, and an impact energy dissipation structure is also arranged in the debris flow channel below the discharge gap 22.

[0068] In this way, when the debris flow flows through the debris flow energy dissipation sill structure, it will first contact and collide with the interception energy dissipation sill to achieve preliminary interception and energy dissipation. At the same time, the interception energy dissipation sill will force the debris flow to discharge downward from the discharge gap in the middle position. The fluid flowing out of the discharge gap will further collide with the energy dissipation structure downward to dissipate energy, unload energy, and reduce hazards.

[0069] The discharge notch 22 of the interception energy dissipation threshold 21 is flush with the bottom of the debris flow channel.

[0070] This can be more conducive to guiding the debris flow to discharge downward from the discharge gap and hit the energy dissipation structure below to achieve energy dissipation.

[0071] The intercepting energy dissipation sill 21 is buried in the foundation below the bottom of the debris flow channel and is provided with a water filter hole 23. This can facilitate the groundwater in the channel to flow downward through the intercepting energy dissipation sill.

[0072] Among them, a guiding energy dissipation structure is also provided at the upstream end of the discharge gap of the intercepting energy dissipation sill. The guiding energy dissipation structure includes two energy dissipation guide walls 24 located in the debris flow channel on both sides of the upstream end of the discharge gap of the intercepting energy dissipation sill. The two energy dissipation guide walls 24 are correspondingly arranged in front of the sill body at both ends of the discharge gap of the intercepting energy dissipation sill and are in an eight-shaped shape that opens outward toward the upstream end.

[0073] In this way, the two energy dissipation guide walls can better guide the debris flow fluid toward the discharge gap in the middle of the interception energy dissipation sill, allowing it to discharge downward from the discharge gap and collide with the downstream impact energy dissipation structure to dissipate energy. At the same time, the energy dissipation guide walls themselves can complete the oblique impact friction of the guided fluid, achieving initial energy dissipation. They can also guide the fluid that is directly facing the sills on both sides of the flow energy dissipation sill to the discharge gap, preventing it from directly impacting the sills on both sides of the flow energy dissipation sill. This reduces the impact force of the debris flow fluid on the interception energy dissipation sill and improves its structural stability.

[0074] The foundation of the lower end of the energy dissipation guide wall 24 is buried below the bottom surface of the debris flow channel, and a guide wall connection plate 25 located on the bottom surface of the debris flow channel is fixedly connected horizontally on the upper side of the foundation.

[0075] In this way, the foundation at the lower end of the energy dissipation guide wall is deeply buried, and a connecting plate is horizontally arranged above the foundation to connect the energy dissipation guide walls and the foundation on both sides together. The structure itself has good stability and anti-overturning ability. At the same time, the debris flow has a large specific gravity and has the characteristics of crushing. Therefore, when a debris flow hits, the debris flow fluid will directly press on the top of the connecting plate while impacting the energy dissipation guide wall. Its pressure can effectively prevent the energy dissipation guide wall from tipping over backward. At the same time, the energy dissipation guide wall is designed in an eight-shaped shape. The impact force of the debris flow on its inner slope can be converted into a horizontal outward thrust on the energy dissipation guide wall and offset by the connecting plate, ensuring that the energy dissipation guide walls on both sides will not be impacted and pushed outward. Therefore, the above structure can improve the anti-overturning performance and stability of the energy dissipation guide wall from multiple angles, ensuring the reliability of its structure during the impact of the debris flow.

[0076] The middle part of the guide wall connecting plate 25 has a protrusion extending forward, which increases the area of the connecting plate so that it can be better pressed when it encounters a debris flow, thereby better improving the stability of the energy dissipation guide wall.

[0077] The upper portion of the energy dissipation and diversion wall 24 is provided with a plurality of energy dissipation and diversion grooves 26 spaced apart and extending upward.

[0078] In this way, when the debris flow is large and floods the upper half of the energy dissipation diversion wall, part of the fluid can flow through the energy dissipation diversion groove, reducing the impact on the energy dissipation diversion wall and better ensuring the stability of the energy dissipation diversion wall structure.

[0079] The front and rear ends of the energy dissipation guide groove 26 are both obliquely opened forward, and the middle portion is in an arc shape that bends toward the downstream end in the length direction of the energy dissipation guide wall.

[0080] Because the energy dissipation guide wall itself is arranged in a figure-eight shape, the fluid inside the energy dissipation guide wall is squeezed. Combined with the arc-shaped structure of the energy dissipation guide trough itself, this guides the debris flow fluid from the front side of the energy dissipation guide trough into the trough. After being deflected by the arc-shaped structure of the trough body, it flows forward from the rear side of the energy dissipation guide wall, colliding with the fluid flowing downstream from the rear side of the energy dissipation guide wall to dissipate energy. Therefore, in the event of a large debris flow, this structure can not only allow some fluid to pass through the energy dissipation guide wall to reduce the impact on the wall itself and improve its stability, but also use this partially penetrated fluid to impact and consume some of the energy of the debris flow outside the energy dissipation guide wall, preventing the sills on both sides of the intercepting energy dissipation sill from being subjected to excessive impact and becoming unstable. At the same time, it ensures the stability of both the energy dissipation guide wall and the intercepting energy dissipation sill when subjected to large-volume debris flow impact.

[0081] Among them, the impact energy dissipation structure includes a diversion energy dissipation sill 27 arranged in the middle of the debris flow channel (directly below the discharge gap). The diversion energy dissipation sill 27 is in an arc shape with the middle part convex toward the upstream end and the two ends are separated from the slopes on both sides of the debris flow channel. Two impact energy dissipation sills 28 are respectively arranged in the debris flow channel below the two ends of the diversion energy dissipation sill, directly opposite the two ends of the diversion energy dissipation sill.

[0082] The debris flow (flowing from the discharge gap) then flows down the middle of the channel and impacts the arc-shaped diversion energy dissipation sill, achieving (second) impact energy dissipation. It is then diverted to the sides and impacts the impact energy dissipation sills below them, achieving repeated impact energy dissipation. This repeated collision dissipation dissipates the debris flow's energy, allowing it to quickly accumulate at the tail end of the accumulation area, avoiding damage to buildings on either side.

[0083] Among them, a supporting wall is vertically arranged in the middle of the rear side of the diversion energy dissipation sill 27.

[0084] In this way, the supporting wall plays a supporting and reinforcing role on the position of the middle part of the diversion energy dissipation sill facing the impact, thereby improving the stability of the structure.

[0085] Among them, the lower end of the diversion energy dissipation sill 27 has a foundation buried below the bottom of the debris flow channel, and a horizontal forward energy dissipation sill pressure plate 29 is fixedly connected above the lower foundation of the diversion energy dissipation sill. The upper surface of the energy dissipation sill pressure plate is flush with the bottom of the debris flow channel.

[0086] In this way, the diversion energy dissipation sill is buried deep in the foundation to improve its stability. At the same time, a forward-facing pressure plate is set at the lower end. In this way, before the debris flow hits the diversion energy dissipation sill, it will first press on the pressure plate. The heavy weight of the debris flow will exert a greater crushing force on the pressure plate, better preventing the diversion energy dissipation sill from tipping backward. This greatly improves the stability of the diversion energy dissipation sill structure.

[0087] Among them, an energy dissipation sill connecting plate 30 located on the bottom surface of the debris flow channel is horizontally fixedly connected between the lower parts of the two impact energy dissipation sills 28 below the two ends of the diversion energy dissipation sill 27.

[0088] In this way, the two impact energy dissipation sills are fixedly connected together by the energy dissipation sill connecting plate. When the two impact energy dissipation sills are impacted by the fluid flowing out of the two ends of the diverter energy dissipation sill, the impact force can be converted into a horizontal outward force on the two impact energy dissipation sills and offset by the energy dissipation sill connecting plate. Therefore, the structural stability of the diverter energy dissipation sill is better guaranteed.

[0089] The impact energy dissipation threshold 28 is generally in an arc shape with the middle portion bent outward.

[0090] In this way, the arc can guide the fluid flowing out from both ends of the diversion energy dissipation sill and impacting the middle part of the inner side of the arc of the impact energy dissipation sill, and rush out along the inner arc of the impact energy dissipation sill to the front and rear ends. In this way, the fluid rushing out along the inner arc of the impact energy dissipation sill to the front end can collide with the fluid flowing from upstream, thereby better achieving energy dissipation.

[0091] Among them, in the impact energy dissipation structure, the diverter energy dissipation sill 27 and the corresponding impact energy dissipation sills 28 on both sides are provided in multiple groups spaced apart downward, and the lower ends of the two impact energy dissipation sills of the upper group are arranged opposite to the upstream side surface of the diverter energy dissipation sill of the lower group.

[0092] This allows the fluid, arcing from the inner side of the previous set of diverter sills toward the downstream end, to converge and collide with the next set of diverter sills. This allows the fluid to dissipate energy more quickly through repeated impacts with multiple sets of energy dissipation structures, effectively dissipating energy and rapidly completing accumulation, thus preventing damage to buildings behind.

[0093] In this embodiment, the debris flow energy dissipation control system also includes a composite retaining dam structure arranged at the upstream end of the debris flow energy dissipation sill structure; the composite retaining dam structure includes a retaining dam 11 arranged in the debris flow channel along the width direction, and the retaining dam 11 is distributed with discharge holes 12 (or discharge grids); it also includes interception piles 13 arranged in rows at the upstream end of the retaining dam along the width direction, and the spacing size of adjacent interception piles 13 is larger than the hole size of the discharge holes (or discharge grids) on the retaining dam.

[0094] In this way, when a debris flow passes through a composite retaining dam structure, it can not only rely on interception piles and the retaining dam to block the debris flow and achieve initial energy dissipation. More importantly, large-sized objects such as trees and large rocks can be first intercepted by the interception piles, and then the relatively smaller parts of the large-sized objects are again blocked and retained by the retaining dam. The remaining fluid without large-sized objects flows out to the bottom, better preventing large-sized objects with high destructive and dangerous properties from being impacted by the debris flow and damaging subsequent prevention and control engineering buildings and surrounding artificial structures. At the same time, after removing large-sized objects from the fluid, it is also convenient for subsequent prevention and control engineering structures to better dissipate the energy of the remaining debris flow that exhibits more fluid characteristics.

[0095] There are at least two rows of interception piles 13, and the spacing between the interception piles at the upstream end is greater than the spacing between the interception piles at the downstream end.

[0096] In this way, the interception piles at the upstream end can be set at a spacing of 1.5-2.5 meters, and the interception piles at the downstream end can be set at a spacing of 0.5-1.5 meters.

[0097] Among them, the interception pile located at the upstream end is set at a height greater than the interception pile located at the downstream end.

[0098] In this way, the interception pile at the upstream end can more easily intercept larger objects.

[0099] Each row of intercepting piles 13 is fixedly connected to each other by hinges 14 , and both ends of the hinges 14 extend forward and are fixed on foundation piles 15 buried at the upstream end of the debris flow channel.

[0100] This is because large-sized objects such as large rocks have too much impact on a single interception pile, so each row of interception piles is fixed together with hinges to better withstand the impact and transfer part of the impact to the foundation pile in front, ensuring the stability of the interception pile structure itself and better playing the interception role.

[0101] The foundation pile 15 is buried at the bottom of the upstream debris flow channel, and a foundation pile pressure plate 16 is provided on the upper surface of the foundation pile, which is located on the bottom surface of the debris flow channel. The area of the foundation pile pressure plate 16 is more than ten times the cross-sectional area of the foundation pile.

[0102] This is because debris flows have a high specific gravity and are characterized by crushing forces. Before reaching the interception piles, they will first crush and flow over the pile pressure plate. Therefore, the larger the debris flow, the greater the impact on the interception piles. At the same time, the greater the pressure on the pile pressure plate, which can firmly press the piles downward, allowing the hinges to withstand greater tension and exert greater support on the piles. Therefore, as the interception piles withstand greater impact, their stability will also increase accordingly. This ensures that the piles can withstand greater debris flow impacts and better guarantees the stability of the pile structure.

[0103] The retaining dam 11 is generally in an arc shape with the middle portion bulging toward the upstream end.

[0104] In this way, the arc shape can convert part of the impact force into backward pressure on both sides, so that the retaining dam can better withstand the impact. At the same time, the arc-shaped structure can better accommodate the deformation caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the retaining dam in normal times, ensuring the stability of the structure.

[0105] The heights of both sides of the retaining dam 11 are higher than the height of the middle position.

[0106] In this way, the arc shape of the retaining dam can push and divert the intercepted larger diameter stones to both sides. The higher heights on both sides of the retaining dam can form a larger accommodating space in the front to accommodate the larger diameter stones pushed here.

[0107] A water culvert 17 is provided below the middle of the retaining dam 11 at the bottom of the debris flow channel. The size of the water culvert 17 is larger than the size of the discharge holes on the retaining dam.

[0108] In this way, when mudslides do not occur, the normal flow of water can be facilitated.

[0109] The downstream side of the retaining dam 11 is also provided with support walls 18 at intervals, thereby increasing the anti-overturning force of the retaining dam and better ensuring the stability of the dam body.

[0110] The supporting walls 18 are arranged in a row every 5 meters to better improve the supporting effect.

[0111] In this way, the above-mentioned composite retaining dam structure can effectively intercept larger objects such as trees and stones in debris flows, while ensuring the passage of fluid-like substances, reducing the harm of large-diameter objects to subsequent debris flow prevention and control projects and artificial buildings, facilitating the subsequent energy dissipation of debris flows and allowing them to accumulate normally, and its own structure is stable, reliable, and has a long service life, and is particularly suitable for debris flows with large and small stones.

Claims

1. A method for dissipating energy to achieve rapid accumulation of debris flow control, characterized in that: The debris flow fluid is guided from both sides of the channel to the middle position, and the energy dissipation treatment of the debris flow fluid is completed by repeated impact with the energy dissipation threshold set in the middle position of the channel, guiding the debris flow fluid to quickly complete accumulation; This method is implemented by using a debris flow energy dissipation control system, which includes a debris flow energy dissipation sill structure. The debris flow energy dissipation sill structure includes an interception energy dissipation sill arranged in the debris flow channel at the tail end of the debris flow accumulation area along the width direction. The slopes on both sides of the interception energy dissipation sill and the debris flow channel are fixed. A discharge gap is provided in the middle of the interception energy dissipation sill, and an impact energy dissipation structure is also provided in the debris flow channel below the discharge gap. A guiding energy dissipation structure is also provided at the upstream end of the discharge gap of the intercepting energy dissipation sill. The guiding energy dissipation structure includes two energy dissipation guide walls located in the debris flow channel on both sides of the upstream end of the discharge gap of the intercepting energy dissipation sill. The two energy dissipation guide walls are correspondingly arranged in front of the sill body at both ends of the discharge gap of the intercepting energy dissipation sill and are in an eight-shaped shape that opens outward toward the upstream end. The foundation at the lower end of the energy dissipation diversion wall is buried below the bottom surface of the debris flow channel, and a diversion wall connection plate located on the bottom surface of the debris flow channel is fixedly connected horizontally on the upper side of the foundation; The upper part of the energy dissipation and diversion wall is also provided with a plurality of energy dissipation and diversion grooves spaced upwards; The front and rear ends of the energy dissipation guide trough are both obliquely opened forward, and the middle portion is in an arc shape that bends toward the downstream end in the length direction of the energy dissipation guide wall.

2. The energy dissipation method for completing rapid accumulation of debris flow control according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before guiding the debris flow to the middle of the channel, large-diameter objects in the debris flow must be intercepted and blocked first.

3. The energy dissipation method for completing rapid accumulation of debris flow control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge gap of the interception energy dissipation sill is set flush with the bottom of the debris flow channel; The intercepting energy dissipation sill is buried in the foundation part below the bottom of the debris flow channel and is provided with water filtering holes.

4. The energy dissipation method for completing rapid accumulation of debris flow control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact energy dissipation structure includes a diversion energy dissipation sill arranged in the middle of the debris flow channel. The diversion energy dissipation sill is in the shape of an arc with the middle part convex toward the upstream end and the two ends are separated from the slopes on both sides of the debris flow channel. Two impact energy dissipation sills are respectively arranged in the debris flow channel below the two ends of the diversion energy dissipation sill, facing the two ends of the diversion energy dissipation sill.

5. The energy dissipation method for completing rapid accumulation of debris flow control according to claim 4, characterized in that: A supporting wall is vertically arranged in the middle of the rear side of the diversion energy dissipation sill; The lower end of the diversion energy dissipation sill has a foundation buried below the bottom of the debris flow channel. A horizontal forward energy dissipation sill pressure plate is fixedly connected above the lower foundation of the diversion energy dissipation sill. The upper surface of the energy dissipation sill pressure plate is flush with the bottom of the debris flow channel.

6. The energy dissipation method for completing rapid accumulation of debris flow control according to claim 4, characterized in that: An energy dissipation sill connecting plate located on the bottom surface of the debris flow channel is also fixedly connected horizontally between the lower parts of the two impact energy dissipation sills below the two ends of the diversion energy dissipation sill; The impact energy dissipation threshold is generally in the shape of an arc with the middle portion bending outward; In the impact energy dissipation structure, the diversion energy dissipation sill and the corresponding impact energy dissipation sills on both sides are provided in multiple groups spaced apart downward, and the lower ends of the two impact energy dissipation sills of the upper group are arranged opposite to the upstream side surface of the diversion energy dissipation sill of the lower group.

7. The energy dissipation method for completing rapid accumulation of debris flow control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The debris flow energy dissipation control system also includes a composite dam structure disposed at the upstream end of the debris flow energy dissipation sill structure; the composite dam structure includes a dam disposed in the debris flow channel along the width direction, with discharge holes or discharge grilles distributed on the dam; and interception piles disposed in a row along the width direction at the upstream end of the dam, with the spacing between adjacent interception piles being larger than the hole size of the discharge holes or discharge grilles on the dam. The interception piles are arranged in at least two rows, and the spacing between the interception piles at the upstream end is greater than the spacing between the interception piles at the downstream end; Each row of intercepting piles is fixedly connected to each other by hinges, and both ends of the hinges extend forward and are fixed to the foundation piles buried at the upstream end of the debris flow channel; The foundation piles are buried at the bottom of the upstream debris flow channel, and the upper surface of the foundation piles is provided with a foundation pile pressure plate located on the bottom surface of the debris flow channel, and the area of the foundation pile pressure plate is more than ten times the cross-sectional area of the foundation piles; The retaining dam is in the shape of an arc with the middle part convex toward the upstream end; The heights on both sides of the retaining dam are higher than the height in the middle.

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