An active fragment warhead with adjustable power

Abstract

The present invention discloses an active fragment warhead with adjustable power. Through the design of the pyrotechnic separation structure of the active fragments, the present invention realizes the adjustment and switching between two modes of high-power and efficient damage and low-power and low collateral damage of the warhead, improving the flexibility, versatility and efficiency of the ammunition system. The active fragment warhead with adjustable power of the present invention can be applied to air-to-ground strike weapon platforms such as intelligent cruise missiles, cruise missiles and precision-guided bombs, and has strong military application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ammunition, and particularly to an active fragment warhead with adjustable power. Background Art

[0002] The technology of active damage elements is the research focus in the field of high-efficiency damage in recent years and has received extensive attention from research institutions at home and abroad. Different from inert fragments processed from tungsten alloy, etc., the active fragments prepared from tungsten zirconium alloy, PTFE / Al composite material, etc. have a dual combined damage effect of kinetic energy penetration and post-target deflagration during the process of interacting with enemy targets. The unique damage mechanism of active fragments has greatly improved the damage power of fragment warheads and realized a leapfrog development of high-efficiency damage technology for warheads.

[0003] The damage power adjustable warhead can select a suitable energy release method according to different battlefield environment requirements and adjust the power radius of the warhead to achieve customized damage to different targets. Currently, there are mainly three types of methods to achieve adjustable warhead power: the first type is the coupling and matching of layered charge, explosion isolation layer and initiation method; the second type is to adjust the energy output level of the warhead through the characteristics of explosive combustion to detonation; the third type is to use a driving device to separate part of the charge to control the explosion energy. The damage power adjustable warhead is a research hotspot in the current ammunition field and can greatly improve the flexibility, versatility and efficiency of the weapon system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an active fragment warhead with adjustable power, which combines the technology of active damage elements with the technology of adjustable warhead power. By designing the initiator separation structure of the active fragments, it realizes the adjustment and switching between two modes of high-efficiency damage with large power and low collateral damage with small power of the warhead, and improves the flexibility, versatility and efficiency of the ammunition system. This new type of active fragment warhead with adjustable power can be applied to air-to-ground strike weapon platforms such as intelligent cruise missiles, cruise missiles and precision-guided bombs.

[0005] An active fragment warhead with adjustable power of the present invention includes: a top end cover, a fuse, a charge, a lining, a shell, a fragment rack, active fragments, connecting screws, a bottom end cover, a fracture plate, propellant and a buffer layer;

[0006] Among them, one end of the liner is fixedly connected to the shell, the charge is filled in the liner, and the top end cover and the bottom end cover are respectively installed at the two ends of the liner; the fragment rack is located between the liner and the shell, and the active fragments are filled in the fragment rack; the buffer layer is arranged between the fragment rack and the liner; the connecting screw is stepped and fixedly installed at the bottom end of the shell; the top end of the connecting screw abuts against the bottom end of the fragment rack, the bottom end is flush with the bottom end cover, the outer surface is flush with the shell, and the inner surface is connected to the buffer layer; one end of the buffer layer abuts against the connecting end surface of the liner and the shell, and the other end is flush with the bottom end cover and fixedly connected to the connecting screw and the bottom end cover; the propellant is installed in the mounting hole reserved between the step surface of the buffer layer and the connecting screw; the fuze is fixed on the top end cover and inserted into the charge; one end of the breaking plate is installed on the bottom end cover, and the other end presses the buffer layer; a breaking groove is provided on the breaking plate.

[0007] Preferably, the charge is modified B explosive or Hesar explosive.

[0008] Preferably, the active fragments are 5.0-9.0 g / cm 3 Fluoropolymer based active materials with a density of 6.0 to 10.0 g / cm 3 Density of metal-based active materials.

[0009] Preferably, the fracture plate is made of polyethylene.

[0010] Preferably, the buffer layer adopts a multi-layer composite structure of steel and polyurethane, in which the steel and polyurethane are stacked in layers, and the number of layers and the thickness of each layer are designed according to actual conditions.

[0011] Preferably, the top end cover, the liner, the shell, the fragment rack and the bottom end cover are made of aluminum alloy or polyetheretherketone.

[0012] The present invention also provides a target damage method based on the above-mentioned active fragmentation warhead with adjustable power, and selects a low collateral damage mode or a high-efficiency damage mode according to the target characteristics;

[0013] Among them, in the low collateral damage mode, the propellant is first ignited to drive the buffer layer to move toward the bottom of the warhead, and the buffer layer pushes the fracture plate to fail and damage along the fracture groove. The buffer layer is separated from the warhead by the gas generated by the propellant; then the fuze is ignited to detonate the charge, and the active fragments lose the protection of the buffer layer and break and fail under the combined action of the charge's detonation wave and detonation products; the low collateral damage mode uses the explosion of the charge to damage the predetermined target;

[0014] In the high-efficiency damage mode, the direct-ignition fuse detonates the charge. The active fragments maintain their structural integrity under the protection of the buffer layer, and fly towards the target under the combined action of the detonation wave and detonation products of the charge. The active fragments undergo an impact ignition reaction during the missile-target encounter process, causing combined penetration and explosion damage to the target. The high-efficiency damage mode utilizes the combined effects of the penetration and explosion of the active fragments and the explosion of the charge to damage the target.

[0015] Beneficial effects:

[0016] The active fragment warhead with adjustable power of the present invention realizes the switching between the high-efficiency damage mode and the low collateral damage mode through the principle of controlling the fragmentation of active fragments by the pyrotechnic separation buffer layer. When hitting point targets, the low collateral damage mode is adopted. The propellant ignites to drive the movement of the buffer layer, and the fracture grooves on the fracture plate fail and are damaged. The buffer layer separates from the warhead under the action of the powder gas. Then, the fuse acts to detonate the warhead charge, and the active fragments lose the protection of the buffer layer and break and fail, limiting the damage range of the warhead. When hitting technical weapons such as radar vehicles, the high-efficiency damage mode is adopted. The fuse directly detonates the warhead charge. The active fragments maintain their structural integrity under the protection of the buffer layer and are driven by the explosion of the explosive to fly towards the target, forming a combined penetration and explosion damage effect. The present invention realizes the multi-purpose use of a single missile under various complex combat conditions such as fire suppression. The ammunition versatility brings convenience to service handling, improves the combat efficiency of weapon systems such as unmanned aerial vehicles, and proposes a new principle of power conversion applicable to active fragment warheads, which can be applied to various weapon platforms such as unmanned aerial vehicles and individual rocket launchers, and has strong military application prospects. Description of the drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is the left view of the warhead structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is the front view and sectional view of the warhead structure of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1 - top end cap, 2 - top washer, 3 - fuse, 4 - top screw, 5 - sealing ring, 6 - charge, 7 - inner liner, 8 - shell, 9 - fragment holder, 10 - active fragment, 11 - connecting screw, 12 - bottom end cap, 13 - fracture plate, 14 - bottom screw, 15 - bottom washer, 16 - propellant, 17 - buffer layer. Specific embodiments

[0020] The following combines the drawings and gives examples to describe the present invention in detail.

[0021] The present invention provides an active fragment warhead with adjustable power, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, it includes a top end cap 1, a top washer 2, a fuse 3, a top screw 4, a sealing ring 5, a charge 6, a lining 7, a housing 8, a fragment holder 9, active fragments 10, a connecting screw 11, a bottom end cap 12, a fracture plate 13, a bottom screw 14, a bottom washer 15, propellant 16 and a buffer layer 17.

[0022] The housing 8 is a hollow cylinder; there are threads provided on the inner sides of both ends of the housing 8, and it is connected to the lining 7 in a mating manner at the top end and to the connecting screw 11 in a mating manner at the bottom end.

[0023] The lining 7 is a stepped cylindrical structure and is placed inside the housing 8; there is an internal thread provided on the inner side of the large end of the lining 7 for connecting the top end cap 1; there is an external thread provided on the outer side of the large end of the lining 7 for connecting the housing 8; there is an internal thread provided on the inner side of the small end of the lining 7 for connecting the bottom end cap 12.

[0024] The charge 6 is a cylindrical structure, which is inserted into the lining 7, and both ends are pressed by the top end cap 1 and the bottom end cap 12, and the fuse 3 is inserted at the top.

[0025] The fragment holder 9 is an annular structure and is located between the lining 7 and the housing 8; the active fragments 10 are placed inside the fragment holder 9 and are in close contact with the inner surface of the housing 8. The active fragments 10 can also be made into an integral part by using a filling process. Both ends of the fragment holder 9 are respectively encapsulated by the end faces at the connection between the lining 7 and the housing 8 and the connecting screw 11. There is a buffer layer 17 provided between the fragment holder 9 and the lining 7. The buffer layer 17 is a stepped cylindrical structure, and its inner side and outer side respectively abut against the lining 7 and the fragment holder 9; the end face of the small end of the buffer layer 17 abuts against the stepped surface of the lining 7, the side face of the large end abuts against the inner side face of the large end of the connecting screw 11 and the outer side face of the bottom end cap 12, and the end face of the large end is flush with the bottom surface of the bottom end cap 12; there is propellant 16 provided between the stepped surface of the buffer layer 17 and the stepped surface of the connecting screw 11; there is an ignition channel provided on the large end cylinder of the buffer layer 17 to facilitate the assembly of the ignition head for igniting the propellant 16.

[0026] The center of the top end cap 1 is provided with a central hole, and threaded holes are provided around the central hole. The fuse 3 is inserted into the central hole, and the fuse 3 is firmly assembled on the top end cap 1 through the top washer 2 and the top screw 4; there is a thread provided on the outer side of the top end cap 1, and it is connected to the internal thread of the large end of the lining 7 through the sealing ring 5 in a mating manner.

[0027] The connecting screw 11 is a stepped cylindrical structure, its inner side of the small end abuts against the buffer pad, and there is an external thread provided on the outer side, which is connected to the housing 8 in a mating manner; its outer side of the large end is flush with the outer side of the housing 8, and its inner side abuts against the buffer layer 17.

[0028] The bottom end cover 12 is a disc-shaped structure, which is used together with the top end cover 1 to compress the charge 6. One end of the bottom end cover 12 is provided with an external thread on the side surface, which is connected with the liner 7; the other end is provided with an annular groove and a threaded hole. One end of the breaking plate 13 is provided with a through hole, which is matched with the threaded hole on the bottom end cover. One end of the breaking plate 13 is fixed to the threaded hole of the bottom end cover 12 by the bottom screw 14 and the bottom washer 15, and the other end of the breaking plate 13 is pressed against the buffer layer 17; the breaking plate 13 is provided with a breaking groove, which is aligned with the annular groove of the bottom end cover 12, so that the breaking plate 13 can be reliably broken under the push of the buffer layer 17.

[0029] The power-adjustable active fragmentation warhead of the present invention has two working modes: low collateral damage mode and high-efficiency damage mode. The working principle is as follows:

[0030] (1) Low collateral damage mode: the propellant 16 ignites and drives the buffer layer 17 to move toward the bottom of the warhead. The buffer layer 17 pushes the fracture plate 13 to fail and break along the fracture groove. The buffer layer 17 is separated from the warhead by the drive of the gunpowder gas. The fuze 3 detonates the warhead charge 6. The active fragments 10 lose the protection of the buffer layer 17. Due to their low material strength, they are broken and failed under the combined action of the detonation wave and the detonation products. Some particles burn and decompose, and cannot form large-sized killing fragments, which limits the damage range of the warhead. In this mode, the explosion effect is mainly used to accurately destroy the predetermined target.

[0031] (2) High-efficiency damage mode: the propellant 16 is not ignited, the buffer layer 17 is still placed between the liner 7 and the fragment rack 9, the fuze 3 directly detonates the warhead charge 6, and the active fragments 10 maintain structural integrity under the protection of the buffer layer 17. Under the joint action of the detonation wave and the detonation products, the active fragments 10 fly toward the target. During the intersection of the projectile and the target, an impact ignition reaction occurs in the active fragments 10. During the penetration process, a large amount of chemical energy is released, forming a penetration and explosion combined damage effect. This mode uses the killing effect of active fragments and the explosion effect of explosives to efficiently damage the target.

[0032] In order to prevent the active fragments 10 from breaking and failing during the explosive driving process in the high-efficiency damage mode and reduce the thickness and mass of the buffer layer 17, the charge 6 should not use explosives with high explosion pressure or energy such as CL-20. Preferably, the charge 6 uses modified B explosive or Hesar explosive.

[0033] In addition, in order to ensure that the active fragment 10 is reliably broken in the low collateral damage mode without the protection of the buffer layer, the active material with too high strength or toughness should not be used. As a preference, the active fragment 10 is made of high density (5.0-9.0 g / cm 3 ) Fluoropolymer-based active materials or medium-low density (6.0-10.0 g / cm 3 )Metal-based active materials.

[0034] The fracture plate 13 should be made of a material with moderate strength and relatively strong brittleness, and its strength should be lower than that of the buffer layer 17 and the bottom end cap 12 materials to prevent the buffer layer 17 from separating prematurely during the launch and flight of the warhead, and ensure the reliable separation of the buffer layer 17 under the drive of the propellant. Preferably, the material of the fracture plate 13 is high-density polyethylene.

[0035] The buffer layer 17 should ensure the structural integrity of the active fragments 10 under the drive of the explosion, while restricting its size and mass to ensure that the warhead meets the tactical and technical indicators. Preferably, the buffer layer 17 is made of a multi-layer composite structure of steel and polyurethane.

[0036] To ensure the structural strength of the warhead and avoid the generation of natural fragments by the warhead components under the action of the explosion, which may cause additional damage in the low collateral damage mode, the top end cap 1, the inner liner 7, the housing 8, the fragment rack 9 and the bottom end cap 12 should be made of materials with a certain strength and easy to break. Preferably, the top end cap 1, the inner liner 7, the housing 8, the fragment rack 9 and the bottom end cap 12 are made of aluminum alloy or polyether ether ketone.

[0037] In summary, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A warhead with adjustable power and active fragments, characterized in that, include: A top end cover (1), a fuze (3), a charge (6), an inner liner (7), a shell (8), a fragmentation rack (9), active fragments (10), a connecting screw (11), a bottom end cover (12), a rupture plate (13), a propellant (16) and a buffer layer (17); One end of the liner (7) is fixedly connected to the shell (8), the charge (6) is loaded in the liner (7), and the top end cover (1) and the bottom end cover (12) are respectively installed at the two ends of the liner (7); the fragment rack (9) is located between the liner (7) and the shell (8), and the active fragments (10) are loaded in the fragment rack (9); the buffer layer (17) is arranged between the fragment rack (9) and the liner (7); the connecting screw (11) is stepped and fixedly installed at the bottom end of the shell (8); the top end of the connecting screw (11) contacts the bottom end of the fragment rack (9), the bottom end is flush with the bottom end cover (12), and the outer surface is aligned with the shell (8); The top end cover (1) is flush with the body (8), and the inner surface is connected to the buffer layer (17); one end of the buffer layer (17) abuts against the connection end surface of the liner (7) and the shell (8), and the other end is flush with the bottom end cover (12) and is fixedly connected to the connecting screw (11) and the bottom end cover (12); the propellant (16) is installed in the installation hole reserved between the buffer layer (17) and the stepped surface of the connecting screw (11); the fuze (3) is fixed on the top end cover (1) and inserted into the charge (6); one end of the breaking plate (13) is installed on the bottom end cover (12), and the other end presses the buffer layer (17); the breaking plate (13) is provided with a breaking groove.

2. The warhead with adjustable power and active fragments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charge (6) is modified B explosive or Hesar explosive.

3. The warhead with adjustable power and active fragments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active fragment (10) is made of a fluoropolymer-based active material with a density of 5.0 - 9.0 g / cm 3 or a metal-based active material with a density of 6.0 - 10.0 g / cm 3 .

4. The warhead with adjustable power and active fragments according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The active fragment (10) is made into an integral component by adopting a filling process.

5. The warhead with adjustable power and active fragments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The breaking plate (13) is made of polyethylene.

6. The warhead with adjustable power and active fragments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer layer (17) adopts a multi-layer composite structure of steel and polyurethane.

7. The warhead with adjustable power and active fragments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top end cover (1), the inner liner (7), the shell (8), the fragment rack (9) and the bottom end cover (12) are made of aluminum alloy or polyetheretherketone.

8. A method for damaging a target by the warhead with adjustable power and active fragments according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Select low collateral damage mode or high-efficiency damage mode according to target characteristics; In the low collateral damage mode, the propellant (16) is first ignited to drive the buffer layer (17) to move toward the bottom of the warhead, and the buffer layer (17) pushes the fracture plate (13) to fail and break along the fracture groove. The buffer layer (17) is separated from the warhead by the gas generated by the propellant (16); then the fuze (3) is ignited to detonate the charge (6), and the active fragments (10) lose the protection of the buffer layer (17) and break and fail under the combined action of the detonation wave and detonation products of the charge (6); the low collateral damage mode uses the explosion of the charge (6) to damage the predetermined target; In the high-efficiency damage mode, the fuze (3) is directly ignited to detonate the charge (6); the active fragment (10) maintains structural integrity under the protection of the buffer layer (17), and flies toward the target under the combined action of the detonation wave of the charge (6) and the detonation products; the active fragment (10) undergoes an impact ignition reaction during the intersection of the projectile and the target, and penetrates and explodes the target in a combined manner; the high-efficiency damage mode utilizes the penetration and explosion effects of the active fragment (10) and the explosion effects of the charge (6) to jointly damage the target.

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