Ventilation device

Abstract

The present application provides an air vent device disposed in or to be disposed in a wearable sound device, wherein the air vent device comprises an anchor structure, a membrane structure and an actuator. The membrane structure comprises an anchor end and a free end, the anchor end is anchored to the anchor structure, and the membrane structure is used to form or close an air vent. The actuator is disposed on the membrane structure. The membrane structure separates a space into a first volume and a second volume, and the first volume and the second volume are connected through the air vent when the air vent is formed. When the controller decides to close the air vent, the air vent device is controlled by the controller to close the air vent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a ventilation device, and more particularly to a ventilation device capable of eliminating the occlusion effect. Background Technology

[0002] In today's society, wearable audio devices such as in-ear (inserted into the ear canal) headphones, ear-hook headphones, or over-ear headphones are generally used to generate or receive sound. Miniature loudspeakers based on magnet and moving coils (MMCs) have been developed for decades and are widely used in many of these devices. In recent years, sound energy converters based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) fabricated using semiconductor technology have been used as sound generating / receiving devices in wearable audio devices.

[0003] The lock-in effect occurs because the sealed volume of the ear canal causes a larger perceived sound pressure level for the listener. For example, it happens when a listener uses a wearable sound device (e.g., inserting it into the ear canal) and performs specific movements (e.g., walking, running, talking, chewing, touching a sound transducer, etc.) to generate bone conduction sound. This is because the generation of the sound pressure level (SPL) based on acceleration (SPL∝a=dD) 2 / dt 2 The difference between the generated SPL (Sound Proportion) and compression-based SPL (SPL∝D) makes the latching effect particularly strong for bass frequencies. For example, at 20 Hz, a displacement of only 1 micrometer (μm) results in an SPL of 1 μm / 25 mm atm = 106 dB in an obstructed ear canal (the average length of an adult ear canal is 25 mm). Therefore, if the latching effect occurs, the listener will hear latching noise, resulting in a significantly poor listening experience.

[0004] In traditional technologies, wearable audio devices utilize an airflow channel between the ear canal and the external environment. This channel allows pressure from the lock-in effect to dissipate, thus suppressing the lock-in effect. However, because the airflow channel is always present, the sound level performance (SPL) at lower frequencies (e.g., below 500 Hz) decreases significantly in the frequency response. For example, if a conventional wearable audio device uses a typical 115 dB speaker driver, the SPL at 20 Hz will be well below 110 dB. Furthermore, if the fixed opening used to form the airflow channel is large, the decrease in SPL will be even greater, and protection against water and dust will become more difficult.

[0005] In some cases, traditional wearable audio devices can use speaker drivers more powerful than a typical 115dB speaker driver to compensate for the loss of low-frequency soundstage (SPL) due to the presence of airflow channels. For example, assuming an SPL loss of 20dB, if used in a sealed ear canal, a 135dB speaker driver would be required to maintain the same 115dB SPL in the presence of airflow channels. However, a 10-fold increase in bass output would require a 10-fold increase in the speaker diaphragm travel, meaning that both the coil height and the flux gap height of the speaker driver would need to be increased tenfold. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve a small size and light weight for traditional wearable audio devices with powerful speaker drivers.

[0006] Therefore, existing technologies need to be improved to suppress the lock-in effect. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Therefore, the main objective of this invention is to provide a ventilation device capable of suppressing the lock-in effect.

[0008] One embodiment of the present invention provides a ventilation device, disposed in or to be disposed in a wearable sound device, wherein the ventilation device includes an anchoring structure, a membrane structure, and an actuator. The membrane structure includes an anchored end and a free end, the anchored end being anchored to the anchoring structure, and the membrane structure is used to form or close a vent. The actuator is disposed on the membrane structure. The membrane structure divides a space into a first volume and a second volume, which are connected when the vent is formed. When a controller determines to close the vent, the ventilation device is controlled by the controller to close the vent.

[0009] Because of the ventilation device of the present invention, the locking effect can be suppressed, so that the user has a good experience of the acoustic transformation provided by the acoustic device. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation device and shell structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a top view of the ventilation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figures 3 to 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the membrane structure located at different positions in the ventilation device of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the frequency response of a ventilation device with membrane structures located at different positions in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 7The diagram shown is a schematic of a wearable sound device with a ventilation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a schematic of a wearable sound device with a ventilation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 9 and Figure 10 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the membrane structure of the ventilation device in different modes in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 11 The diagram shown is a top view of a portion of the membrane structure of the ventilation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 12 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the membrane structure of the ventilation device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 13 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the membrane structure of the ventilation device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 14 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the membrane structure of the ventilation device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figures 15 to 17 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the membrane structure of the ventilation device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 18 and Figure 19 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the membrane structure of the ventilation device in different modes in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 20 The diagram shown is a top view of the ventilation device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figures 21 to 23 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the membrane structure of the ventilation device in different modes in the ninth embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 24 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the membrane structure of the ventilation device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000: Ventilation device

[0028] 110: Membrane Structure

[0029] 110S: Side

[0030] 112: First petal

[0031] 114: Second petal

[0032] 120: Actuator

[0033] 122:First Action Department

[0034] 124: Second Actuator

[0035] 130: Slit

[0036] 130a: First slit segment

[0037] 130b: Second slit segment

[0038] 130c: Third slit segment

[0039] 130d: Fourth slit segment

[0040] 130e: Fifth slit segment

[0041] 130P: Gap

[0042] 130T: Vent

[0043] 130TS: Small vent

[0044] 140: Anchoring Structure

[0045] 150: Sensing device

[0046] 160: Controller

[0047] 162: Analog-to-digital converter

[0048] 164: Digital Signal Processing Unit

[0049] 166: Digital-to-Analog Converter

[0050] 168a: Device controller

[0051] 168b: Device driver

[0052] 210: Static Structure

[0053] 310: Fixed structure

[0054] 312: First fixed structural device

[0055] 314: Second fixed structure device

[0056] 470: Fastener

[0057] AE: Anchoring end

[0058] AE1: First anchoring end

[0059] AE2: Second anchoring end

[0060] BBC: Postcavity

[0061] BS: Substrate

[0062] BVT: Back opening

[0063] CB: Cavity

[0064] CP: Chip

[0065] DV1_1, DV1_2, DV1_3, DV2_1, DV2_2, DV2_3, DV3_1, DV3_2, DV3_3: Drive signals

[0066] DV3_C: Mode Change Drive Signal

[0067] FBC: Anterior cavity

[0068] FE: Free end

[0069] FE1: First Free End

[0070] FE2: Second Free End

[0071] HO1: First shell opening

[0072] HO2: Second shell opening

[0073] HSS: Shell Structure

[0074] SED: Device

[0075] SH: Upper surface

[0076] SPK1, SPK2: Sound Energy Converter

[0077] TU1, TU2: Status

[0078] VL1: First volume

[0079] VL2: Second volume

[0080] WSD: Wearable Sound Device

[0081] X, Y, Z: Direction Detailed Implementation

[0082] To enable those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention, typical materials or parameter ranges of key components, and the composition and desired effects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the marked drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, and the materials and parameter ranges of key components are illustrated based on current technology. Therefore, only the components and combinations related to the present invention are shown to provide a clearer description of the basic architecture, implementation method, or operation of the present invention. Actual components and layouts may be more complex, and the materials or parameter ranges used may change with future technological developments. Furthermore, for ease of explanation, the components shown in the various drawings of the present invention may not be drawn to scale with actual numbers, shapes, or sizes; their details can be adjusted according to design requirements.

[0083] In the following description and claims, the terms "comprising," "containing," and "having" are open-ended terms and should therefore be interpreted as "containing but not limited to...". Thus, when the terms "comprising," "containing," and / or "having" are used in the description of this invention, they specify the presence of the corresponding features, areas, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence of one or more of the corresponding features, areas, steps, operations, and / or components.

[0084] In the following description and claims, when “component A1 is formed by B1”, B1 is present in the formation of component A1 or B1 is used in the formation of component A1, and the formation of component A1 does not exclude the presence and use of one or more other features, areas, steps, operations and / or components.

[0085] In the following description and claims, the term "substantially" means that a slight deviation may or may not exist. For example, the terms "substantially parallel" or "substantially along" mean that the angle between two components may be less than or equal to a specific angular threshold, such as 10 degrees, 5 degrees, 3 degrees, or 1 degree. For example, the term "substantially aligned" means that the deviation between two components may be less than or equal to a specific difference threshold, such as 2 micrometers or 1 micrometer. For example, the term "substantially identical" means that the deviation is within a given value or a given range, such as within 10%, 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5%.

[0086] In the specification and claims, the term "horizontal direction" refers to a direction parallel to a horizontal plane; the term "horizontal plane" refers to a surface parallel to directions X and Y in the drawings (i.e., directions X and Y of the present invention can be considered horizontal directions); the term "vertical direction" refers to a direction parallel to direction Z in the drawings and perpendicular to the horizontal direction, where directions X, Y, and Z are perpendicular to each other. In the specification and claims, the term "top view" refers to the result of viewing along the vertical direction. In the specification and claims, the term "section" refers to the result of cutting the structure along the vertical direction and viewing it from a horizontal direction.

[0087] The ordinal numbers used in the specification and claims, such as "first" and "second," to modify devices do not inherently imply or represent any prior ordinal number for that (or those) device, nor do they represent the order of one device with another, or the order of manufacturing processes. The use of these ordinal numbers is solely to clearly distinguish one device with a given name from another device with the same name. The claims and specification may not use the same terminology; therefore, a first component in the specification may be a second component in the claims.

[0088] It should be understood that the features described below can be replaced, recombined, or mixed in several different embodiments to complete other embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention. Features between embodiments can be arbitrarily mixed and combined as long as they do not violate the spirit of the invention or conflict with it.

[0089] In this invention, a ventilation device (MEMS ventilation device) capable of suppressing the lock-in effect may be associated with and / or disposed within an acoustic apparatus, wherein the acoustic apparatus may be, for example, a wearable sound device. For example, the ventilation device may be disposed within a wearable sound device (e.g., an in-ear device), but is not limited thereto.

[0090] In this invention, the acoustic device may include an acoustic transducer for performing acoustic transformation, wherein the acoustic transformation converts a signal (e.g., an electrical signal or other suitable type of signal) into a sound wave, or converts a sound wave into another suitable type of signal (e.g., an electrical signal). In some embodiments, the acoustic transducer may be a sound generating device, a loudspeaker, a miniature loudspeaker, or other suitable device for converting an electrical signal into a sound wave, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the acoustic transducer may be a sound measuring device, a microphone, or other suitable device for converting a sound wave into an electrical signal, but is not limited thereto. Due to the ventilation device of this invention, the lock-in effect can be suppressed, so that the user has a good experience of the acoustic transformation provided by the acoustic device.

[0091] In the following description, the ventilation device of the present invention may be related to and disposed in a wearable sound device (the wearable sound device is used to generate sound waves), and the following description is intended to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention.

[0092] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 1 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the ventilation device and shell structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The diagram shown is a top view of the ventilation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figures 3 to 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the membrane structure located at different positions in the ventilation device of the first embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ventilation device 100 may be disposed on the substrate BS. The substrate BS may be rigid or flexible, and may include silicon, germanium, glass, plastic, quartz, sapphire, metal, polymer (e.g., polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET)), any suitable material, or a combination thereof. In one example, the substrate BS may be a circuit board including, but not limited to, laminates (e.g., copper clad laminates (CCL)), land grid array boards (LGA boards), or any other suitable board containing conductive material. In some embodiments, the substrate BS may be a substrate.

[0093] exist Figure 1 In the substrate BS, there is an upper surface SH parallel to directions X and Y (i.e., the upper surface SH of the substrate BS is a horizontal plane). Figure 1In the figure, the normal direction of the upper surface SH of the substrate BS is parallel to the direction Z.

[0094] The ventilation device 100 includes at least one anchoring structure 140 and a membrane structure 110 anchored to the anchoring structure 140, wherein the anchoring structure 140 is disposed outside the membrane structure 110, and the membrane structure 110 and the anchoring structure 140 may comprise any suitable material. In some embodiments, the membrane structure 110 and the anchoring structure 140 may each comprise silicon (e.g., monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon), silicon compounds (e.g., silicon carbide, silicon oxide), germanium, germanium compounds, gallium, gallium compounds (e.g., gallium nitride, gallium arsenide), stainless steel, or combinations thereof, but are not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the membrane structure 110 and the anchoring structure 140 may have the same material.

[0095] During operation of the ventilation device 100, the membrane structure 110 can be actuated to move, while the anchoring structure 140 can remain stationary. In other words, during operation of the ventilation device 100, the anchoring structure 140 can be a fixed end (or fixed edge) relative to the membrane structure 110. In some embodiments, the membrane structure 110 can be actuated to move upward and downward, but is not limited thereto. In this invention, the terms "moving upward" and "moving downward" mean that the membrane structure 110 moves substantially along the Z direction.

[0096] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the membrane structure 110 of the ventilation device 100 includes at least one slit 130, such that the membrane structure 110 may have at least one anchored end AE and at least one free end FE, the anchored end AE being anchored to an anchoring structure 140, and the free end FE not being permanently anchored to any device in the ventilation device 100. In some embodiments, the membrane structure 110 may be divided into multiple lobes by the slit 130. For example, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the membrane structure 110 can be divided into a first lobe 112 and a second lobe 114 by a slit 130, wherein the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 are separate from each other. The first lobe 112 may have a first anchoring end AE1 (or first anchoring edge) anchored to the anchoring structure 140 and a first free end FE1 (or first free edge) relative to the first anchoring end AE1. The second lobe 114 may have a second anchoring end AE2 (or second anchoring edge) anchored to the anchoring structure 140 and a second free end FE2 (or second free edge) relative to the second anchoring end AE2. The two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 belong to the first free end FE1 and the second free end FE2, respectively (i.e., one sidewall belongs to the first free end FE1 and the other sidewall belongs to the second free end FE2). For example, the slit 130 may be the boundary of the membrane structure 110 and / or the boundary of the lobe, but is not limited thereto.

[0097] In this invention, the number of slits 130 included in the membrane structure 110 can be adjusted according to requirements, and the slits 130 can be arranged in any suitable position in the membrane structure 110 and have any suitable top view pattern. For example, the slits 130 can be straight slits, curved slits, combinations of straight slits, combinations of curved slits, or combinations of straight slits and curved slits.

[0098] The ventilation device 100 includes an actuator 120, which is disposed on the membrane structure 110 and used to actuate the membrane structure 110. For example, in Figure 1 In this context, the actuator 120 may contact the membrane structure 110, but is not limited thereto. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the actuator 120 may not completely overlap the membrane structure 110 in the Z direction, but is not limited thereto.

[0099] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the actuator 120 may include a plurality of actuating parts disposed on a plurality of lobes of the membrane structure 110. For example (e.g.) Figure 1 As shown, since the membrane structure 110 has a first lobe 112 and a second lobe 114, the actuator 120 includes a first actuation part 122 disposed on the first lobe 112 and a second actuation part 124 disposed on the second lobe 114.

[0100] Actuator 120 has a monotonic electromechanical conversion function for movement of membrane structure 110 in the Z direction. In some embodiments, actuator 120 may include a piezoelectric actuator, an electrostatic actuator, a nanoscopic-electrostatic-drive (NED) actuator, an electromagnetic actuator, or any other suitable actuator, but is not limited thereto. For example, in one embodiment, actuator 120 may include a piezoelectric actuator, which may include, for example, two electrodes and a piezoelectric material layer (e.g., lead zirconate titanate, PZT) disposed between the two electrodes, wherein the piezoelectric material layer can actuate membrane structure 110 according to a drive signal received by the electrodes (e.g., drive voltage and / or drive voltage difference between the two electrodes), but is not limited thereto. For example, in another embodiment, actuator 120 may include an electromagnetic actuator (e.g., a planar coil) that actuates membrane structure 110 based on a received drive signal (e.g., drive current) and a magnetic field (i.e., membrane structure 110 may be actuated by electromagnetic force), but is not limited thereto. For example, in another embodiment, actuator 120 may include an electrostatic actuator (e.g., a conductive plate) or a NED actuator that actuates membrane structure 110 based on a received drive signal (e.g., drive voltage) and an electric field (i.e., membrane structure 110 may be actuated by electrostatic force), but is not limited thereto. Hereinafter, actuator 120 may be exemplified as a piezoelectric actuator.

[0101] In this embodiment, the ventilation device 100 may optionally include a chip CP disposed on the upper surface SH of the substrate BS, wherein the chip CP may include at least a film structure 110, an anchoring structure 140, and an actuator 120, and the manufacturing method of the chip CP is not limited. For example, in this embodiment, the chip CP may be formed by at least one semiconductor process to become a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) chip, but is not limited thereto.

[0102] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cavity CB can exist between the substrate BS and the film structure 110. Figure 1 As shown, the substrate BS may also include a back vent BVT, and the cavity CB can be connected to the outside of the rear side of the ventilation device 100 (i.e., the space behind the substrate BS) through the back vent BVT.

[0103] like Figure 1 As shown, the ventilation device 100 and the substrate BS are disposed within the shell structure HSS of the wearable sound device WSD. Figure 1In the design, the shell structure HSS may have a first shell opening HO1 and a second shell opening HO2, wherein the first shell opening HO1 can connect to the ear canal of the wearable sound device user, and the second shell opening HO2 can connect to the environment outside the wearable sound device WSD, and the diaphragm structure 110 is located between the first shell opening HO1 and the second shell opening HO2. It should be noted that the environment outside the wearable sound device WSD may not be inside the ear canal (for example, the environment outside the wearable sound device WSD may be directly connected to the space outside the ear). Furthermore, in Figure 1 Since the cavity CB can exist between the substrate BS and the film structure 110, the cavity CB can be connected to the environment outside the wearable sound device WSD through the back port BVT of the substrate BS and the second shell opening HO2 of the shell structure HSS.

[0104] like Figure 1 As shown, the membrane structure 110 of the ventilation device 100 can divide the space formed within the shell structure HSS into a first volume VL1 and a second volume VL2. The first volume VL1 connects to the ear canal of the wearable sound device user, and the second volume VL2 connects to the environment outside the wearable sound device WSD. Figure 1 In the design, the first volume VL1 connects to the first shell opening HO1 of the HSS shell structure, and the second volume VL2 connects to the second shell opening HO2 of the HSS shell structure. Therefore, the first volume VL1 connects to the ear canal of the wearable sound device user through the first shell opening HO1, and the second volume VL2 connects to the environment outside the wearable sound device WSD through the second shell opening HO2. Figure 1 As shown, cavity CB is part of the second volume VL2.

[0105] The membrane structure 110 can be moved upward or downward by the actuator 120, therefore, as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 can be used to perform a first up-and-down movement, and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 can be used to perform a second up-and-down movement. Depending on the requirements, the direction of movement of the first free end FE1 in the first up-and-down movement can be the same as or opposite to the direction of movement of the second free end FE2 in the second up-and-down movement.

[0106] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the membrane structure 110 can be actuated by the actuator 120 to move upward or downward, such that the vent 130T associated with the slit 130 is formed or closed (i.e., the membrane structure 110 is used to form or close the vent 130T), wherein the vent 130T is formed between two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 (i.e., the vent 130T is formed because of the slit 130). When the ventilation device 100 is in a first mode, the vent 130T is temporarily closed (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 3The first volume VL1 and the second volume VL2 are substantially disconnected from each other, thus substantially isolating the environment outside the wearable sound device WSD from the ear canal of the wearable sound device user. Conversely, when the ventilation device 100 is in the second mode, the ventilation port 130T is temporarily formed (e.g., Figure 4 The first volume VL1 can be connected to the second volume VL2 via the vent 130T, allowing the environment outside the wearable sound device (WSD) to connect with the user's ear canal. In this invention, because the vent 130T is temporarily closed in the first mode and temporarily formed in the second mode, the airflow flowing between the first volume VL1 and the second volume VL2 in the first mode is much smaller than the airflow flowing between the first volume VL1 and the second volume VL2 in the second mode.

[0107] In the case where the vent 130T is closed, air has difficulty flowing between the first volume VL1 and the second volume VL2 through the space between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130. In the case where the vent 130T is open / open, air can easily flow between the first volume VL1 and the second volume VL2 through the space between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130. In some embodiments, the opening size between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 in the first mode (i.e., the vent 130T is closed) is much smaller than the opening size between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 in the second mode (i.e., the vent 130T is open / open). For example, when the vent 130T is closed, the membrane structure 110 is parallel to or substantially parallel to the upper surface SH of the substrate BS, and the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 partially or completely overlap each other in the horizontal direction, but are not limited thereto. For example, when the vent 130T is formed / opened, the membrane structure 110 is not parallel to or substantially parallel to the upper surface SH of the substrate BS.

[0108] Figure 1 and Figure 3 An example of a ventilation device 100 in its first mode is illustrated. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the membrane structure 110 is actuated and maintained in a first position parallel to or substantially parallel to the upper surface SH of the substrate BS to close the vent 130T. For example, in Figure 1 and Figure 3 In the slit 130, the two opposite sidewalls partially or completely overlap each other in the horizontal direction to close the vent 130T. Figure 1 and Figure 3 In this process, since the membrane structure 110 has a first lobe 112 and a second lobe 114, the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 are actuated and maintained in their respective first positions to close the vent 130T.

[0109] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, since the membrane structure 110 is actuated and maintained in a first position, a gap 130P exists between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130. For example, the gap 130P may exist between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 in a plane parallel to the upper surface SH of the substrate BS, where the gap 130P refers to the space along the width direction of the slit 130, and the width of the gap 130P may be equal to or substantially equal to the width of the slit 130, but is not limited thereto. The width of the slit 130 (the width of the gap 130P) can be designed according to requirements. For example, the width of the slit 130 may be less than or equal to 5 micrometers, less than or equal to 3 micrometers, less than or equal to 2 micrometers, or 1 to 2 micrometers, but is not limited thereto.

[0110] Because the width of gap 130P should be sufficiently small, the airflow through gap 130P (i.e., the narrow channel) can be highly damped due to the viscous forces / resistance of the walls along the airflow path (which can be referred to as the intra-field boundary layer effect in fluid dynamics). Therefore, in the first mode, the airflow flowing between the first volume VL1 and the second volume VL2 through gap 130P is sufficiently small and negligible. In other words, when the venting device 100 is in the first mode, the vent 130T is closed, or even sealed.

[0111] In the first mode, since the airflow flowing between the first volume VL1 and the second volume VL2 through the gap 130P is small enough to be negligible, the wearable sound device user can experience high-performance (quality) acoustic conversion (e.g., high-quality sound) across the entire audio range, where the acoustic conversion is provided by the acoustic energy converter in the wearable sound device WSD.

[0112] Figure 4 An example of a ventilation device 100 in its second mode is illustrated. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the first lobe 112 (e.g., the first free end FE1) can be actuated to move in a first direction, and the second lobe 114 (e.g., the second free end FE2) can be actuated to move in a second direction opposite to the first direction, such that the vent 130T is temporarily formed in direction Z between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130. In other words, the direction of movement of the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 in the first vertical movement is opposite to the direction of movement of the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 in the second vertical movement. For example, the first direction and the second direction may be substantially parallel to direction Z. For example (e.g.) Figure 4As shown), one of the first free end FE1 and the second free end FE2 moves to above the first position and the horizontal position (the horizontal position is parallel to the upper surface SH of the substrate BS), and the other of the first free end FE1 and the second free end FE2 moves to below the first position and the horizontal position, but is not limited thereto.

[0113] When the vent 130T is temporarily opened, due to the pressure difference existing on both sides of the membrane structure 110, airflow can be formed and flow between the first volume VL1 and the second volume VL2, so that the pressure caused by the lock-in effect is released (i.e., the pressure difference between the ear canal and the environment outside the wearable sound device WSD can be released by the airflow flowing through the vent 130T) to suppress the lock-in effect.

[0114] In this invention, the size of the vent 130T can be determined by the distance between the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114, and the effect of suppressing the locking effect can be improved by increasing the size of the vent 130T.

[0115] Accordingly, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a gap 130P exists between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 in the first mode, and a vent 130T exists between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 in the second mode. The airflow flowing through the gap 130P in the first mode is considerably smaller than the airflow flowing through the vent 130T in the second mode (e.g., the airflow flowing through the gap 130P in the first mode is negligible, or 10 times smaller than the airflow flowing through the vent 130T in the second mode). In other words, the width of the gap 130P is small enough that the airflow / leakage flowing through the gap 130P in the first mode is negligible relative to the airflow flowing through the vent 130T in the second mode (e.g., less than 10% of the airflow flowing through the vent 130T in the second mode).

[0116] From the first mode (such as) Figure 3 (as shown) to the second mode (such as) Figure 4 In the transition (as shown), the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 can move upward and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 can move downward. Conversely, in the transition from the second mode (as shown) Figure 4 (As shown) Return to the first mode (as shown) Figure 3 During the transition (as shown), the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 can move downward and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 can move upward.

[0117] Furthermore, in the first mode (such as Figure 3 (as shown) to the second mode (such as) Figure 4In the transition from (as shown) or from the second mode (as shown) Figure 4 (As shown) Return to the first mode (as shown) Figure 3 In the transition from the first mode to the second mode (as shown), the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 can be actuated to have a first displacement Uz_a in the first direction, and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 can be actuated to have a second displacement Uz_b in the second direction. In the transition from the first mode to the second mode, the sum of the first displacement Uz_a and the second displacement Uz_b can be greater than the thickness of the membrane structure 110.

[0118] In one embodiment, the first displacement Uz_a and the second displacement Uz_b may be substantially equal in distance but opposite in direction. The first displacement Uz_a of the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the second displacement Uz_b of the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 may be symmetrical (or temporarily symmetrical). The movement of the first free end FE1 and the second free end FE2 is substantially equal in length over any time period but opposite in direction. In other words, if the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 are maintained in their first position and in a first mode (such as... Figure 3 As shown), when the membrane structure 110 is actuated to become the second mode or in a transition between the first and second modes (e.g., a transition from the first mode to the second mode), the movement distance of the first lobe 112 relative to its first position may be the same as the movement distance of the second lobe 114 relative to its first position (e.g., a transition from the first mode to the second mode). Figure 4 (As shown).

[0119] When the movements of the first free end FE1 and the second free end FE2 are temporarily symmetrical, taking one of the slits 130 as an example, the first air movement is generated because the first lobe 112 is actuated to move in a first direction, and the direction of the first air movement is related to the first direction. The second air movement is generated because the second lobe 114 is actuated to move in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and the direction of the second air movement is related to the second direction. Since the first air movement and the second air movement can be related to opposite directions, when the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 are simultaneously actuated to open / close the vent 130T, at least a portion of the first air movement and at least a portion of the second air movement can cancel each other out.

[0120] In some embodiments, when the first flap 112 and the second flap 114 are simultaneously actuated to open / close the vent 130T (for example, the first displacement Uz_a in the first direction and the second displacement Uz_b in the second direction may be substantially equal in distance but opposite in direction), the first air movement and the second air movement can substantially cancel each other out. In other words, the net air movement (including the first air movement and the second air movement) generated by opening / closing the vent 130T is substantially zero. As a result, since the net air movement is substantially zero during the operation of opening / closing the vent 130T, the operation of opening / closing the vent 130T does not produce acoustic interference that can be perceived by the user of the ventilation device 100, and the operation of opening / closing the vent 130T can be described as "hidden".

[0121] Optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, the ventilation device 100 may further include a third mode, wherein the membrane structure 110 is bent downwards and lower than the first and horizontal positions. Figure 5 In the third mode, the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 can move / bend toward the substrate BS (i.e., the membrane structure 110 droops).

[0122] exist Figure 5 In the third mode shown, the vent 130T is substantially closed, but the width of the space between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 in the third mode is greater than the width of the gap 130P between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 in the first mode (e.g., Figure 3 (As shown). Therefore, as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the airflow through the space between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 in the third mode is relatively small compared to the airflow through the vent 130T in the second mode, but the airflow through the space between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 in the third mode can be greater than the airflow through the gap 130P in the first mode.

[0123] In addition, such as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in the first mode, the second mode, the third mode, and the transition between the two modes, when the first free end FE1 performs the first up-and-down movement, the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 has no physical contact with any other device in the ventilation device 100, and when the second free end FE2 performs the second up-and-down movement, the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 has no physical contact with any other device in the ventilation device 100.

[0124] Figure 6 The frequency response of a ventilation device 100 having membrane structures 110 located at different positions is illustrated, wherein... Figure 6The diagram shows the ventilation device 100 in the first mode (e.g., Figure 3 The frequency response of the ventilation device 100 in the second mode (as shown) Figure 4 The frequency response of the ventilation device 100 in the third mode (as shown) and the ventilation device 100 in the third mode (as shown) Figure 5 The frequency response (as shown in the figure). Figure 6 As shown, since the vent 130T is closed in both the first and third modes, the low-frequency roll-off (LFRO) corner frequency is low in both modes, and the SPL drop at low frequencies is not significant in both the first and third modes. Figure 6 As shown, because the vent 130T is open in the second mode, the LFRO cutoff frequency in the second mode is significantly higher than that in the first and third modes, and the low-frequency SPL drop is significant in the second mode. For example, because the width of the gap 130P in the first mode should be sufficiently small (e.g. Figure 3 (as shown), therefore, as Figure 6 As shown, the LFRO cutoff frequency of the SPL in the first mode can be 35Hz or lower, and lower than the LFRO cutoff frequency of the SPL in the third mode, but is not limited thereto. For example, when the vent 130T is formed / opened in the second mode (e.g. Figure 4 (as shown), therefore, as Figure 6 As shown, the LFRO cutoff frequency of SPL in the second mode can be from 80Hz to 400Hz, depending on the opening size of the vent 130T, but is not limited to it.

[0125] Actuator 120 can receive at least one suitable drive signal to actuate membrane structure 110, so that membrane structure 110 maintains or changes its position, thereby maintaining or changing the mode of ventilation device 100. For example... Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the ventilation device 100 can switch to a first mode, a second mode, or a third mode based on the drive signal received by the actuator 120. This is especially relevant when the membrane structure 110 is divided into multiple lobes (e.g., Figures 3 to 5 The multiple actuating parts of the actuator 120 can receive the same or different drive signals. For example, when the actuator 120 is a piezoelectric actuator, the drive signal can be a drive voltage or a drive voltage difference between the two electrodes, and the displacement of the membrane structure 110 (the displacement of the free end FE) can have a linear relationship with the drive signal.

[0126] like Figure 3As shown, in the first mode, a first actuation unit 122 disposed on the first lobe 112 receives a drive signal DV1_1, and a second actuation unit 124 disposed on the second lobe 114 receives a drive signal DV2_1. The first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 move to a first position or remain in a first position according to the drive signals DV1_1 and DV2_1, thereby closing the vent 130T. The drive signals DV1_1 and DV2_1 can be designed as needed. In some embodiments, the drive signal DV1_1 can be a constant voltage with a first threshold, and the drive signal DV2_1 can be a constant voltage with a second threshold. The drive signals DV1_1 and DV2_1 can be the same as or substantially the same as each other (i.e., the first threshold can be the same as or substantially the same as the second threshold), but are not limited thereto. For example, the drive signals DV1_1 and DV2_1 can be 15 volts (V), but are not limited thereto. For example, the ventilation device 100 may consume 0.16 milliwatts (mW) of power in the first mode, but is not limited to this.

[0127] like Figure 4 As shown, in the second mode, the first actuation unit 122 disposed on the first lobe 112 receives the drive signal DV1_2, and the second actuation unit 124 disposed on the second lobe 114 receives the drive signal DV2_2. Based on the drive signals DV1_2 and DV2_2, one of the first free end FE1 and the second free end FE2 (e.g., Figure 4 The first free end FE1) moves to above the first position and the horizontal position, and the other of the first free end FE1 and the second free end FE2 (e.g., Figure 4 The second free end FE2) moves below the first position and the horizontal position to form a vent 130T. Drive signals DV1_2 and DV2_2 can be designed as needed. In some embodiments, drive signal DV1_2 may be a constant voltage higher than (or lower than) a first threshold, drive signal DV2_2 may be a constant voltage lower than (or higher than) a second threshold, and drive signal DV1_2 may be different from drive signal DV2_2. For example, drive signal DV1_2 may be 30V, and drive signal DV2_2 may be 0V, but this is not a limitation. For example, the power consumed by the ventilation device 100 in the second mode may be 0.2mW, but this is not a limitation.

[0128] In this invention, since the size of the vent 130T can be determined by the distance between the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114, the size of the vent 130T can be changed and controlled by a drive signal as needed.

[0129] Furthermore, based on the design of drive signals DV1_2 and DV2_2, the movement of the first free end FE1 and the movement of the second free end FE2 are temporarily symmetrical with respect to the first position and / or the horizontal position. For example, the difference between drive signal DV1_2 and the first threshold may be the same as the difference between drive signal DV2_2 and the second threshold, but is not limited thereto.

[0130] like Figure 5 As shown, in the third mode, the first actuation unit 122 disposed on the first lobe 112 receives the drive signal DV1_3, and the second actuation unit 124 disposed on the second lobe 114 receives the drive signal DV2_3. Based on the drive signals DV1_3 and DV2_3, the first free end FE1 and the second free end FE2 move below the first position and the horizontal position (i.e., the membrane structure 110 droops) to close the vent 130T. The drive signals DV1_3 and DV2_3 can be designed according to requirements. In some embodiments, the drive signal DV1_3 can be a constant voltage below a first threshold, and the drive signal DV2_3 can be a constant voltage below a second threshold. The drive signals DV1_3 and DV2_3 can be the same as or substantially the same as each other, but are not limited thereto. For example, the drive signals DV1_3 and DV2_3 can be 0V or ground voltage, but are not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124 may be floating, but are not limited thereto. For example, the power consumed by the ventilation device 100 in the third mode may be 0.3 microwatts (μW), but is not limited thereto.

[0131] According to the drive signals of these modes, the ventilation device 100 has the lowest power consumption in the third mode. In some embodiments, in the third mode, the actuator 120 is not energized (i.e., the drive signal applied to the actuator 120 is 0V or ground voltage, or the actuator 120 is floating). Therefore, in order to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 100, the ventilation device 100 may normally (for a long time) be in the third mode (i.e., the vent 130T is closed), while the ventilation device 100 may be switched to the first mode or the second mode as needed (e.g., the ventilation device 100 may be switched to the first mode to perform high-performance acoustic switching, or the ventilation device 100 may be switched to the second mode to suppress latch-up effects), but is not limited thereto.

[0132] In some embodiments, the drive signal applied to the first actuator 122 and the drive signal applied to the second actuator 124 may be unipolar relative to the ground voltage. For example, according to the aforementioned drive signals DV1_1, DV1_2, DV1_3, DV2_1, DV2_2, and DV2_3, the drive signal applied to the first actuator 122 and the drive signal applied to the second actuator 124 may be from 0V to 30V, but are not limited thereto.

[0133] In this invention, the drive signal applied to the actuator 120 will not exceed the breakdown voltage of the actuator 120, so as to stabilize the operation of the ventilation device 100 or reduce the distortion of the ventilation device 100, but is not limited thereto. For example, if the drive signal applied to the actuator 120 is greater than 0V, the drive signal may be less than the maximum voltage that the controller (e.g., drive circuit) can output, but is not limited thereto.

[0134] According to the above, the slit 130 of the present invention can be driven to serve as a dynamic front vent of the ventilation device 100, wherein the first volume VL1 and the second volume VL2 in the shell structure HSS are connected to each other when the dynamic front vent is opened / formed, and the first volume VL1 and the second volume VL2 in the shell structure HSS are separated from each other when the dynamic front vent is closed.

[0135] Furthermore, based on the dynamic front vent, the ventilation device 100 of the present invention can have good waterproof and dustproof effects.

[0136] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a wearable sound device with a ventilation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the wearable sound device WSD may also include a sensing device 150 and a controller 160, with the controller 160 electrically connected to the sensing device 150, the sound converter, and the ventilation device 100 (e.g., the actuator 120 of the ventilation device 100). Figure 7 In the SED device, the sound energy converter and the ventilation device 100 are included to enable... Figure 7 Concise and clear.

[0137] The sensing device 150 can be used to sense any desired factors other than the wearable sound device WSD and generate a corresponding sensing result. For example, the sensing device 150 can use infrared (IR) sensing, optical sensing, acoustic sensing, ultrasonic sensing, capacitive sensing, or other suitable sensing methods to sense any desired factors, but is not limited thereto.

[0138] In some embodiments, a determination is made whether to form a vent 130T based on the sensing result. When the sensing result indicates that the measured value crosses a specific threshold with a first polarity, the vent 130T is opened (or formed), and when the measured value crosses the specific threshold with a second polarity opposite to the first polarity, the vent 130T is closed (or not formed). For example, the first polarity can be from low to high, and the second polarity can be from high to low, such that when the measured value changes from below a specific threshold to above a specific threshold, the vent 130T is opened, and when the measured value changes from above a specific threshold to below a specific threshold, the vent 130T is closed, but this is not a limitation.

[0139] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the opening degree of the vent 130T may be monotonically correlated with the sensing measurement indicated by the sensing result. In other words, the opening degree of the vent 130T increases or decreases as the sensing measurement increases or decreases.

[0140] In some embodiments, the sensing device 150 may optionally include a motion sensor for detecting the user's body movements and / or the movements of the wearable sound device (WSD). For example, the sensing device 150 may detect body movements that cause a lock-in effect, such as walking, running, talking, chewing, etc. In some embodiments, the sensing result indicates a measurement representing the user's body movements and / or the movements of the wearable sound device (WSD), and the opening degree of the vent 130T is related to the sensed movements. For example, the opening degree of the vent 130T increases with increasing movements.

[0141] In some embodiments, the sensing device 150 may optionally include a proximity sensor for sensing the distance between an object and the proximity sensor. In some embodiments, the sensing result indicates a measurement representing the distance between the object and the proximity sensor, and the opening degree of the vent 130T is related to the sensed distance. For example, when this distance is less than a predetermined distance, the vent 130T is opened (or formed), and the opening degree of the vent 130T increases as the distance decreases. For example, if a user wants to open (or form) the vent 130T, the user can use any suitable object (e.g., a hand) to approach the wearable sound device WSD so that the proximity sensor senses the object and generates a corresponding sensing result, thereby opening / forming the vent 130T.

[0142] In addition, the proximity sensor may also have the function of detecting (predictably) tapping or touching of the wearable sound device WSD with ventilation device 100, as these actions may also cause a locking effect.

[0143] In some embodiments, the sensing device 150 may optionally include a force sensor for sensing the force applied to the force sensor of the wearable sound device WSD, the sensing result indicating the force applied to the wearable sound device WSD, and the degree of opening of the vent 130T being related to the sensed force.

[0144] In some embodiments, the sensing device 150 may optionally include a light sensor for sensing ambient light outside the wearable sound device WSD, the sensing result indicating the brightness of the ambient light sensed by the light sensor, and the degree of opening of the vent 130T being related to the brightness of the sensed ambient light.

[0145] In some embodiments, the sensing device 150 may selectively employ an acoustic sensor (e.g., a microphone) to sense sound outside the wearable sound device (WSD) to detect a latch-up effect. For example, the sensing result indicates a sensing measurement representing the SPL of the sound sensed by the acoustic sensor, and the degree of opening of the vent 130T is related to, but not limited to, the sound sensed by the acoustic sensor. For example, when the acoustic sensor detects a latch-up effect, the vent 100 is actuated to open the vent 130T, but not limited to, this.

[0146] The controller 160 is used to generate drive signals applied to the acoustic converter and the ventilation device 100 to control the acoustic converter to perform acoustic conversion and to control the mode of the ventilation device 100.

[0147] The controller 160 can be designed according to requirements, and the controller 160 can include any suitable device. For example, in Figure 7 In this design, controller 160 may include an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 162, a digital signal processing unit (DSP unit) 164, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 166, any other suitable device, or a combination thereof. For example, controller 160 may be an integrated circuit (IC), but is not limited thereto.

[0148] The controller 160 generates a drive signal applied to the actuator 120 of the ventilation device 100 to control the mode of the ventilation device 100. Therefore, the controller 160 controls the ventilation device 100 to open the vent 130T to suppress the latch-up effect, or controls the ventilation device 100 to close the vent 130T so that the wearable sound device user can experience high-performance (quality) acoustic conversion (e.g., high-quality sound) across the full audio range.

[0149] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, when the controller 160 decides to close the vent 130T, the controller 160 controls the ventilation device 100 to close / close the vent 130T (the ventilation device 100 is in the first mode or the third mode). Therefore, in Figure 3 In this process, drive signals DV1_1 and DV2_1 are applied to the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124, respectively, to move the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 to the first position or maintain the first position, thereby closing / sealing the vent 130T. Figure 5 In the process, drive signals DV1_3 and DV2_3 are applied to the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124 respectively, so that the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 move to (or remain at) a position lower than the first position and the horizontal position, thereby closing the vent 130T.

[0150] In particular, Figure 5 In the third mode shown, drive signals DV1_3 and DV2_3 can be 0V or ground voltage, or the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124 can be floating. Therefore, in some embodiments, when the controller 160 decides to close the vent 130T and decides to put the ventilation device 100 in the third mode, the actuator 120 is not energized (i.e., the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124 are not energized) to close the vent 130T.

[0151] like Figure 4 As shown, when the controller 160 decides not to close the vent 130T (e.g., the controller 160 decides to form the vent 130T), the controller 160 controls the ventilation device 100 to form the vent 130T (the ventilation device 100 is in the second mode). Therefore, in Figure 3 In this process, drive signals DV1_2 and DV2_2 are applied to the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124, respectively, to control the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 to form a vent 130T. For example, the first lobe 112 (e.g., the first free end FE1) can be actuated to move in a first direction to a position higher than the first position, and the second lobe 114 (e.g., the second free end FE2) can be actuated to move in a second direction opposite to the first direction to a position lower than the first position.

[0152] In some embodiments, the drive signal applied to the actuator 120 of the ventilation device 100 may be generated based on the sensing result, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, since the opening degree of the vent 130T may be monotonically related to the sensing measurement indicated by the sensing result, there may be a monotonic relationship between the drive signal applied to the actuator 120 and the sensing measurement indicated by the sensing result.

[0153] When the sensing device 150 includes a motion sensor, the magnitude of the drive signal applied to the actuator 120 may increase (or decrease) with increasing motion, but is not limited thereto. Similarly, when the sensing device 150 includes a proximity sensor, the magnitude of the drive signal applied to the actuator 120 may increase (or decrease) with decreasing distance or decreasing to below a threshold, but is not limited thereto. Similarly, when the sensing device 150 includes a force sensor, the magnitude of the drive signal applied to the actuator 120 may increase (or decrease) with increasing force, but is not limited thereto. Similarly, when the sensing device 150 includes a light sensor, the magnitude of the drive signal applied to the actuator 120 may increase (or decrease) with decreasing ambient light intensity, but is not limited thereto.

[0154] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 The diagram shown is a schematic of a wearable sound device with a ventilation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 The wearable sound device WSD shown may include multiple acoustic energy converters (e.g., acoustic energy converters SPK1, SPK2) for performing acoustic conversion. In other words, sound waves are generated by acoustic energy converters SPK1, SPK2, and the ventilation device 100 is actuated to open or close the vent 130T to suppress the lock-in effect. Figure 8 As shown, the sound waves generated by the sound energy converters SPK1 and SPK2 can propagate from the front cavity FBC of the wearable sound device WSD to the ear canal of the wearable sound device user.

[0155] The frequency range of the sound waves generated by each sound energy converter can be designed according to requirements. For example, the frequency range of sound waves generated by a sound energy converter in one embodiment may cover the range of human audible frequencies (e.g., 20Hz to 20kHz), but is not limited thereto. For example, the frequency of the sound waves generated by a sound energy converter in another embodiment may be higher than a specific frequency, such that the sound energy converter can be a high-frequency sound unit (tweeter), but is not limited thereto. For example, the frequency of the sound waves generated by a sound energy converter in another embodiment may be lower than a specific frequency, such that the sound energy converter can be a low-frequency sound unit (woofer), but is not limited thereto. It should be noted that the aforementioned specific frequency may be a value between 800Hz and 4kHz (e.g., 1.44kHz), but is not limited thereto. For details on the high-frequency and low-frequency sound units, please refer to U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 153,849 filed by the applicant, which will not be repeated here.

[0156] The sound energy converters SPK1 and SPK2 may be the same or different. For example, the sound energy converter SPK1 may be a high-frequency sound unit (high-frequency loudspeaker), and the sound energy converter SPK2 may be a low-frequency sound unit (low-frequency loudspeaker), but this is not a limitation.

[0157] Figure 8 The front cavity FBC of the wearable sound device WSD shown can be connected to the first volume VL1 within the shell structure HSS, wherein a ventilation device 100 is provided within the shell structure HSS (e.g., Figure 1 (As shown). For example, the front cavity FBC of the wearable sound device WSD can be directly connected to the first volume VL1 within the shell structure HSS, or connected to the first volume VL1 within the shell structure HSS through the ear canal of the wearable sound device user. Furthermore, Figure 8 The rear cavity BBC of the wearable sound device WSD shown can be connected to the second volume VL2 within the shell structure HSS, wherein the shell structure HSS is provided with a ventilation device 100 (such as... Figure 1 (As shown). For example, the rear cavity BBC of the wearable sound device WSD can be directly connected to the second volume VL2 within the shell structure HSS, or connected to the second volume VL2 within the shell structure HSS via the environment outside the wearable sound device WSD.

[0158] A sensing device 150, including an acoustic sensor (e.g., a microphone), may be disposed in the front cavity FBC and / or rear cavity BBC of the wearable sound device WSD, wherein the sensing device 150 is used to sense a latch-up effect.

[0159] Ventilation device 100, acoustic energy converters SPK1 and SPK2, and sensing device 150 are electrically connected to controller 160. Controller 160 can apply acoustic drive signals to acoustic energy converters SPK1 and SPK2, so that the sound waves generated by acoustic energy converters SPK1 and SPK2 correspond to the acoustic drive signals. Controller 160 can apply drive signals to ventilation device 100 based on the sensing results of sensing device 150 to open or close vent 130T and suppress latch-up effects. For example, controller 160 may include device controller 168a and device driver 168b, but is not limited thereto. For example, device controller 168a can determine the voltage applied to or to be applied to the actuation part of actuator 120 based on the sensing results generated by sensing device 150, but is not limited thereto.

[0160] The ventilation device of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Other embodiments will continue to be disclosed below. However, in order to simplify the description and highlight the differences between each embodiment and the above embodiments, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same devices below, and repeated parts will not be described again.

[0161] In the embodiments described below, a ventilation device will be designed to form / open the vent 130T under low power conditions, and the ventilation device is not limited to the embodiments described below.

[0162] Please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the membrane structure of the ventilation device in different modes according to the second embodiment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 9 The ventilation device 200 shown is in the first mode, while Figure 10 The ventilation device 200 shown is in the second mode. For example... Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the ventilation device 200 further includes a stationary structure 210, which is disposed on the substrate BS and adjacent to the membrane structure 110 (e.g., the cavity CB is also between the stationary structure 210 and the substrate BS). Figure 9 and Figure 10 In this configuration, the stationary structure 210 can be positioned between the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 in the horizontal direction (e.g., direction X). Figure 9 and Figure 10 In the operation of the ventilation device 200, the stationary structure 210 can be fixed and can be not actuated (not moved).

[0163] The static structure 210 can be designed according to requirements. For example, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the stationary structure 210 may be parallel to the substrate BS (e.g., the upper surface SH of the substrate BS), but is not limited thereto. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the slit 130 may be formed between the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114, between the first lobe 112 and the stationary structure 210, and / or between the second lobe 114 and the stationary structure 210.

[0164] In some embodiments, in top view, the stationary structure 210 corresponds in the horizontal direction (e.g., direction X) to the entire first free end FE1 (i.e., the entire first free edge) of the first lobe 112 and the entire second free end FE2 (i.e., the entire second free edge) of the second lobe 114. One of the slits 130 is formed between the first lobe 112 and the stationary structure 210 (i.e., the two opposite sidewalls of this slit 130 belong to the first lobe 112 and the stationary structure 210, respectively), and the other of the slits 130 is formed between the second lobe 114 and the stationary structure 210 (i.e., the two opposite sidewalls of this slit 130 belong to the second lobe 114 and the stationary structure 210, respectively). Therefore, in the horizontal direction (e.g., direction X), the ventilation device 200 in this case ( Figure 9 and Figure 10 The distance between the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 is greater than that of the ventilation device 100 of the first embodiment. Figures 1 to 5 The distance between the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114. (e.g.) Figure 9 As shown, when the ventilation device 200 is in the first mode, a gap 130P exists between the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the stationary structure 210, and another gap 130P exists between the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 and the stationary structure 210 (i.e., gap 130P is formed because of slit 130). Figure 10 As shown, when the ventilation device 200 is in the second mode, one vent 130T is formed between the first free end FE1 of the first petal 112 and the stationary structure 210, and another vent 130T is formed between the second free end FE2 of the second petal 114 and the stationary structure 210 (that is, the vent 130T is formed because of the slit 130).

[0165] In some embodiments, in top view, the stationary structure 210 may correspond to the corresponding portion of the first free end FE1 (i.e., the first free edge) in the horizontal direction (e.g., direction X) but not to the non-corresponding portion of the first free end FE1 (i.e., the first free edge), and the stationary structure 210 may correspond to the corresponding portion of the second free end FE2 (i.e., the second free edge) in the horizontal direction (e.g., direction X) but not to the non-corresponding portion of the second free end FE2 (i.e., the second free edge). The slit 130 may be formed between the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114, between the first lobe 112 and the stationary structure 210, and between the second lobe 114 and the stationary structure 210 (i.e., a portion of the sidewall of the slit 130 belongs to the stationary structure 210). Therefore, in the horizontal direction (e.g., direction X), the ventilation device 200 in this case ( Figure 9 and Figure 10 The distance between the corresponding portion of the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the corresponding portion of the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 is greater than that of the ventilation device 100 of the first embodiment. Figures 1 to 5 The distance between the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114. In this case, in the horizontal direction (e.g., direction X), the distance between the corresponding portion of the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the corresponding portion of the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 is greater than the distance between the non-corresponding portion of the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the non-corresponding portion of the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114. In this case, when the ventilation device 200 is in the first mode, the gap 130P may exist between the corresponding portion of the first free end FE1 and the stationary structure 210, between the corresponding portion of the second free end FE2 and the stationary structure 210, and between the non-corresponding portion of the first free end FE1 and the non-corresponding portion of the second free end FE2 (i.e., the gap 130P is formed because of the slit 130). In this case, when the ventilation device 200 is in the second mode, the vent 130T can be formed between the corresponding part of the first free end FE1 and the stationary structure 210, between the corresponding part of the second free end FE2 and the stationary structure 210, and between the non-corresponding part of the first free end FE1 and the non-corresponding part of the second free end FE2 (that is, the vent 130T is formed because of the slit 130).

[0166] like Figure 9 As shown, when the controller 160 decides to close the vent 130T, the controller 160 controls the ventilation device 200 to close / close the vent 130T (i.e., the ventilation device 200 is in the first mode). Therefore, in Figure 9In this configuration, drive signals DV1_1 and DV2_1 are applied to the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124, respectively, to move the first flap 112 and the second flap 114 to a first position or maintain them in the first position, thereby closing / sealing the vent 130T. For example, drive signals DV1_1 and DV2_1 can be 15V, but are not limited thereto. For example, the power consumed by the ventilation device 200 in the first mode can be 0.16mW, but is not limited thereto.

[0167] like Figure 10 As shown, when the controller 160 decides not to close the vent 130T (e.g., the controller 160 decides to form the vent 130T), the controller 160 controls the ventilation device 200 to form the vent 130T (i.e., the ventilation device 200 is in the second mode). Therefore, in Figure 10 In this process, drive signal DV1_2 and drive signal DV2_2 are applied to the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124 respectively to control the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 to form the vent 130T.

[0168] like Figure 10 As shown, when the controller 160 decides not to close the vent 130T (e.g., the controller 160 decides to form the vent 130T), the ventilation device 200 is in a second mode, and the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 (i.e., the membrane structure 110) bend downwards and droop below the horizontal position, thus forming the vent 130T. In some embodiments, in the second mode, the drive signals DV1_2 and DV2_2 may be 0V or ground voltage, but are not limited thereto. In some embodiments, in the second mode, the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124 (i.e., the actuator 120) may be floating, but are not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124 (i.e., the actuator 120) are not energized, but are not limited thereto. For example, the power consumed by the ventilation device 200 in the second mode may be 0.3μW, but is not limited thereto.

[0169] In the second mode, since the stationary structure 210 exists between the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114, the distance between the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114 increases. Accordingly, when the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 droop and are below the horizontal position, the vent 130T is formed.

[0170] According to the drive signals of these modes, the ventilation device 200 has the lowest power consumption in the second mode. In some embodiments, in the second mode, the actuator 120 is not energized (i.e., the drive signal applied to the actuator 120 is 0V or ground voltage, or the actuator 120 is floating). Therefore, in order to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 200, the ventilation device 200 may normally (for a long time) be in the second mode (i.e., the vent 130T is formed), while the ventilation device 200 may be switched to the first mode as needed (e.g., the ventilation device 200 may be switched to the first mode to perform high-performance acoustic conversion), but is not limited thereto.

[0171] Please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 11 The image shown is a top view of a portion of the membrane structure of the ventilation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the membrane structure of the ventilation device according to the third embodiment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 12 The ventilation device 300 shown is in the second mode. For example... Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, when the membrane structure 110 bends downward and sags below the horizontal position to form an air vent 130T (i.e., the ventilation device 300 is in the second mode), the membrane structure 110 may further include a fixing structure 310, wherein the fixing structure 310 is used to limit the deformation of the membrane structure 110 when the controller 160 decides to form the air vent 130T (i.e., the controller 160 decides to put the ventilation device 300 in the second mode). For example, in Figure 12 In the case where the first petal 112 and the second petal 114 are bent downward and drooping below the horizontal position, when the movement distance of the first petal 112 (e.g., the first free end FE1) along the Z direction and the movement distance of the second petal 114 (e.g., the second free end FE2) along the Z direction are greater than a distance threshold, the fixing structure 310 can lock the first petal 112 and the second petal 114.

[0172] In this embodiment, the fixed structure 310 and the stationary structure 210 may be included in the ventilation device 300. The fixed structure 310 and the stationary structure 210 may correspond to different portions of the first free end FE1 (e.g., the corresponding and non-corresponding portions mentioned above) in the horizontal direction (e.g., direction X) and to different portions of the second free end FE2 (e.g., the corresponding and non-corresponding portions mentioned above). Therefore, if the cross-sectional line of the cross-sectional view extends along direction X, the fixed structure 310 and the stationary structure 210 will be drawn in different cross-sectional views. For example, Figure 10 The first part of the ventilation device 300 in the second mode is illustrated. Figure 12 The second part of the ventilation device 300 in the second mode is illustrated, in which... Figure 10The first part depicted includes a static structure 210, a first lobe 112, and a second lobe 114. Figure 12 The second part shown includes a fixed structure 310, a first lobe 112, and a second lobe 114.

[0173] The fixed structure 310 can be designed in any suitable manner to meet specific requirements. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the fixing structure 310 can be formed by the slit 130. For example, in Figure 11 In the slit 130, there may be a first slit segment 130a, a second slit segment 130b, a third slit segment 130c, a fourth slit segment 130d, and a fifth slit segment 130e connected to each other in sequence. The first slit segment 130a, the third slit segment 130c, and the fifth slit segment 130e may be parallel to a horizontal direction (e.g., direction Y), and the second slit segment 130b and the fourth slit segment 130d may be parallel to another horizontal direction (e.g., direction X).

[0174] exist Figure 11 In this structure, the fixing structure 310 may include a first fixing structure device 312 and a second fixing structure device 314. The first fixing structure device 312 may be a part of the first lobe 112 (i.e., the first fixing structure device 312 may belong to the first lobe 112), and the second fixing structure device 314 may be a part of the second lobe 114 (i.e., the second fixing structure device 314 may belong to the second lobe 114). Figure 11 In this configuration, the first fixing structure device 312 may be disposed between the second fixing structure device 314 of the second lobe 114 and another portion of the second lobe 114, and the second fixing structure device 314 may be disposed between the first fixing structure device 312 of the first lobe 112 and another portion of the first lobe 112. For example, in... Figure 11 In this configuration, the longitudinal direction of the first fixing structure device 312 and the longitudinal direction of the second fixing structure device 314 may be substantially parallel to the Y direction, but are not limited thereto. For example, the fixing structure 310 may be a latching structure, but is not limited thereto.

[0175] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, when the first lobe 112 (e.g., the first free end FE1) and the second lobe 114 (e.g., the second free end FE2) move a distance greater than the distance threshold along the Z direction, the first fixing structure device 312 and the second fixing structure device 314 interlock with each other to lock the first lobe 112 and the second lobe 114 and limit their deformation. It should be noted that the width of the slit 130 and the size of the fixing structure device are related to the interlocking effect of the fixing structure 310.

[0176] In this embodiment, even though the membrane structure 110 is restricted by the fixed structure 310, the vent 130T will still be formed when the ventilation device 300 is in the second mode (e.g., the vent 130T is formed between the petal and the stationary structure 210, e.g.). Figure 10 (As shown). It should be noted that the design of the fixing structure 310 is related to the opening size of the vent 130T.

[0177] Due to the presence of the fixed structure 310, the opening size of the vent 130T of different ventilation devices 300 can be substantially the same (the opening size of the vent 130T of different ventilation devices 300 is consistent).

[0178] Please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the membrane structure of the ventilation device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 13 The ventilation device 400 shown is in the first mode. (Relative to...) Figure 9 and Figure 10 The ventilation device 200 shown is... Figure 13 The ventilation device 400 shown further includes a retainer 470, which is used to maintain the membrane structure 110 in the first position when the controller 160 decides to close the vent 130T (i.e., the controller 160 decides to put the ventilation device 400 into the first mode). Therefore, the retainer 470 prevents the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 (or the flap) from moving upward or downward.

[0179] The fastener 470 can have any suitable design as required, and the fastener 470 can be moved by any suitable actuation. In some embodiments, the actuation of the fastener 470 can be controlled by an electrical signal. For example, the movement of the fastener 470 can be caused by thermal actuation, electrostatic actuation, magnetic actuation, piezoelectric actuation, or other suitable actuation. In some embodiments, the fastener 470 receives an electrical signal to move, and when the fastener 470 does not receive an electrical signal, the fastener 470 stops moving, but this is not a limitation.

[0180] like Figure 13 As shown, the fixing member 470 is laterally disposed on one side of the membrane structure 110 in top view, and the fixing member 470 can be actuated and moved to maintain the position of the membrane structure 110 or release the membrane structure 110. For example, in Figure 13 In this configuration, the fixing member 470 can be mounted on the stationary structure 210, and when the fixing member 470 is actuated, it can move horizontally, but is not limited thereto. For example, in... Figure 13In this configuration, the fixing member 470 can move horizontally (e.g., direction X) toward the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 to hold the membrane structure 110 in place, and the fixing member 470 can also move horizontally (e.g., in a direction opposite to direction X) away from the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 to release the membrane structure 110, but is not limited thereto. Figure 13 When the fixing member 470 holds the membrane structure 110 in place, the fixing member 470 can prevent the membrane structure 110 from moving downward.

[0181] During the transition from the first mode to the second mode, the free ends FE of the membrane structure 110 (e.g., the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114) can be moved upward above the first position by applying a mode change drive signal to the actuator 120 (e.g., the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124). Then, the fixing member 470 can move away from the free ends FE of the membrane structure 110. Finally, the free ends FE of the membrane structure 110 (e.g., the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the second free end FE2 of the second lobe 114) can be lowered below the first position and the horizontal position by applying a second mode drive signal (e.g., drive signal DV1_2 and drive signal DV2_2) to the actuator 120 (e.g., the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124).

[0182] Conversely, during the transition from the second mode back to the first mode, the free ends FE of the membrane structure 110 (e.g., the first free ends FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the second free ends FE2 of the second lobe 114) can be moved upward above the first position by applying a mode change drive signal to the actuator 120 (e.g., the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124). Then, the fixing member 470 can move toward the free ends FE of the membrane structure 110. Finally, the free ends FE of the membrane structure 110 (e.g., the first free ends FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the second free ends FE2 of the second lobe 114) can be moved downward to the first position by applying a first mode drive signal (e.g., drive signal DV1_1 and drive signal DV2_1) to the actuator 120 (e.g., the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124), so that the fixing member 470 can maintain the membrane structure 110 in the first position.

[0183] In some embodiments, since the retainer 470 holds the membrane structure 110 in the first position, the drive signals of the first mode (e.g., drive signals DV1_1 and DV2_1) may be less than or equal to the drive signals corresponding to the first position. For example, the drive signals of the first mode (e.g., drive signals DV1_1 and DV2_1) may be 0V or ground voltage, or the actuator 120 may float in the first mode to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 400 in the first mode (e.g., the power of the ventilation device 400 in the first mode may be 0.3μW), but is not limited thereto. In other words, after the retainer 470 holds the membrane structure 110 in the first position, the actuator 120 is not energized, and the vent 130T is closed (the ventilation device 400 is in the first mode).

[0184] In this case, the drive signals of the first mode (e.g., drive signals DV1_1 and DV2_1) and the drive signals of the second mode (e.g., drive signals DV1_2 and DV2_2) can be 0V or ground voltage, or the actuator 120 can be floated in the first mode and the second mode to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 400.

[0185] Furthermore, in some embodiments, after the retainer 470 holds the membrane structure 110 in the first position, no voltage is applied to the retainer 470, and the vent 130T is closed to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 400. In some embodiments, after the retainer 470 releases the membrane structure 110, no voltage is applied to the retainer 470 to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 400.

[0186] Please refer to Figure 14 , Figure 14 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the membrane structure of the ventilation device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 14 The ventilation device 500 shown is in the first mode. (Relative to...) Figure 13 The design of the fixing member 470 of the ventilation device 400 and ventilation device 500 shown is different. Figure 14 In this configuration, when the fixing member 470 holds the membrane structure 110 in place, the fixing member 470 can prevent the membrane structure 110 from being higher than the first position in the first mode (e.g., this upward movement of the membrane structure 110 may be caused by residual stress), in order to control the size of the gap 130P.

[0187] Please refer to Figures 15 to 17 , Figures 15 to 17 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the membrane structure of the ventilation device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 15 The illustration shows the ventilation device 600 in its first mode. Figure 16 and Figure 17 The illustration shows the ventilation device 600 in its second mode. (Relative to...) Figures 1 to 5 The ventilation device 100 shown is... Figures 15 to 17 The ventilator 600 shown has a membrane structure 110 with only one lobe (i.e., the first lobe 112), and a slit 130 forms the boundary of the membrane structure 110. In other words, the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 belong to the first lobe 112 and other components (e.g., Figures 15 to 17 The anchoring structure 140 shown on the right side causes one of the sidewalls of the slit 130 to remain stationary / fixed during the operation of the ventilation device 600.

[0188] like Figure 15 As shown, in the first mode, a first actuation unit 122 disposed on the first lobe 112 receives a drive signal DV3_1. The first lobe 112 moves to a first position or remains at the first position according to the drive signal DV3_1 to close the vent 130T. The drive signal DV3_1 can be designed according to requirements. In some embodiments, the drive signal DV3_1 can be a constant voltage with a third threshold, but is not limited thereto.

[0189] like Figure 16 As shown, in the second mode, the first actuation unit 122 disposed on the first lobe 112 receives the drive signal DV3_2. According to the drive signal DV3_2, the first free end FE1 moves below the first position and the horizontal position to form a vent 130T. The drive signal DV3_2 can be designed as needed. In some embodiments, the drive signal DV3_2 can be a constant voltage below a third threshold. For example, when the drive signal DV3_2 is 0V, the displacement of the first free end FE1 in the Z direction relative to the first position (or horizontal position) can be -18 micrometers. Assuming the thickness of the membrane structure 110 is 5 micrometers, for example, when the drive signal DV3_2 is 0V, the vent 130T is opened and has an opening size of 13 micrometers (i.e., 18 micrometers - 5 micrometers).

[0190] like Figure 17 As shown, in another type of the second mode, the first actuation unit 122 disposed on the first lobe 112 receives the drive signal DV3_3. According to the drive signal DV3_3, the first free end FE1 moves above the first position and the horizontal position to form a vent 130T. The drive signal DV3_3 can be designed as needed. In some embodiments, the drive signal DV3_3 can be a constant voltage higher than a third threshold.

[0191] Please refer to Figure 18 and Figure 19 , Figure 18 and Figure 19 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the membrane structure of the ventilation device in different modes according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 18 The illustration shows the ventilation device 700 in its first mode. Figure 19 The illustration shows the ventilation device 700 in its second mode. (Relative to...) Figures 15 to 17 The ventilation device 600 shown is... Figures 18 to 19 The ventilation device 700 shown further includes a stationary structure 210, which is disposed on one side of the membrane structure 110 (i.e., the first lobe 112) and adjacent to the membrane structure 110 in a horizontal direction (e.g., direction X). Figure 18 and Figure 19 In the operation of the ventilation device 700, the stationary structure 210 can remain fixed and can be left undisturbed (not moved).

[0192] The static structure 210 can be designed according to requirements. For example, such as Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown, the stationary structure 210 may be parallel to the substrate BS (e.g., the upper surface SH of the substrate BS), but is not limited thereto. Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown, slit 130 can be formed between the first lobe 112 and the stationary structure 210.

[0193] In some embodiments, in a top view, the stationary structure 210 may correspond in the horizontal direction (e.g., direction X) to the entire first free end FE1 (i.e., the entire first free edge) or a portion of the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112. Figure 18 As shown, when the ventilation device 700 is in the first mode, gap 130P exists between the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the stationary structure 210 (i.e., gap 130P is formed because of slit 130). Figure 19 As shown, when the ventilation device 700 is in the second mode, the vent 130T is formed between the first free end FE1 of the first petal 112 and the stationary structure 210 (that is, the vent 130T is formed because of the slit 130).

[0194] In the second mode (e.g.) Figure 19 As shown, because of the presence of the stationary structure 210, the distance between the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112 and the anchoring structure 140 on the left is increased. Therefore, the effect of the vent 130T can be enhanced, thereby improving the effect of suppressing the locking effect.

[0195] Please refer to Figure 20 , Figure 20 The diagram shown is a top view of the ventilation device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 20 The ventilation device 800 is shown in its first mode. (Relative to...) Figures 18 to 19 The ventilation device 700 shown is... Figure 20The ventilation device 800 shown further includes a retainer 470, which is used to maintain the membrane structure 110 in the first position when the controller 160 decides to close the vent 130T (i.e., the controller 160 decides to put the ventilation device 800 into the first mode). Therefore, as Figure 20 As shown, the fastener 470 prevents the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 (the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112) from moving upward or downward. Detailed design of the fastener 470 can be found above and will not be repeated here.

[0196] like Figure 20 As shown, the fixing member 470 can be laterally disposed on one side of the membrane structure 110 in top view, and the fixing member 470 can be actuated and moved to maintain the position of the membrane structure 110 or release the membrane structure 110. For example, in Figure 20 In this configuration, the fixing member 470 may be disposed on the substrate BS and adjacent to the side 110S of the first lobe 112 (i.e., the side of the membrane structure 110), wherein the side 110S may be directly connected to the first free end FE1 (i.e., the first free edge), but is not limited thereto. For example, in Figure 20 When the fixing member 470 is actuated, the fixing member 470 can move horizontally, but is not limited thereto. For example, in Figure 20 In this configuration, the retainer 470 can move horizontally (e.g., in the Y direction) toward the side 110S of the first petal 112 to hold the first petal 112 in place, and the retainer 470 can also move horizontally (e.g., in the opposite direction to the Y direction) away from the side 110S of the first petal 112 to release the first petal 112, but is not limited thereto. Figure 20 In the process, the ventilation device 800 may have two fixing members 470, which can clamp the first petal 112 on two opposite sides 110S to prevent the first petal 112 from moving upward or downward.

[0197] During the transition from the first mode to the second mode, the retainer 470 can be moved away from the side 110S of the membrane structure 110 (i.e., the first lobe 112) to release the membrane structure 110 (in Figure 20 In the process, the ventilation device 800 changes from state TU1 to state TU2. Then, by applying a second mode drive signal (e.g., drive signal DV3_2) to the actuator 120 (e.g., the first actuator 122), the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 (e.g., the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112) is moved downward and droops below the first position and the horizontal position.

[0198] Conversely, during the transition from the second mode back to the first mode, the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 (e.g., the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112) can be moved upward to a first position by applying a mode change drive signal to the actuator 120 (e.g., the first actuator 122). Then, the retainer 470 can move toward the side 110S of the membrane structure 110 to maintain the membrane structure 110 in the first position. Figure 20 During this process, the ventilation device 800 changes from state TU2 to state TU1.

[0199] In some embodiments, since the retainer 470 holds the membrane structure 110 in the first position, the drive signal for the first mode (e.g., drive signal DV3_1) may be less than or equal to the drive signal corresponding to the first position. For example, the drive signal for the first mode (e.g., drive signal DV3_1) may be 0V or ground voltage, or the actuator 120 may float in the first mode to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 800 in the first mode (e.g., the power consumption of the ventilation device 800 in the first mode may be 0.3μW), but is not limited thereto. In other words, after the retainer 470 holds the membrane structure 110 in the first position, the actuator 120 is not energized, and the vent 130T is closed (the ventilation device 800 is in the first mode).

[0200] In this case, the drive signal of the first mode (e.g., drive signal DV3_1) and the drive signal of the second mode (e.g., drive signal DV3_2) can be 0V or ground voltage, or the actuator 120 can be floated in the first mode and the second mode to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 800.

[0201] Furthermore, in some embodiments, after the fixing member 470 holds the membrane structure 110 in the first position, no voltage is applied to the fixing member 470, and the vent 130T is closed to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 800. In some embodiments, after the fixing member 470 releases the membrane structure 110, no voltage is applied to the fixing member 470 to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 800.

[0202] Please refer to Figures 21 to 23 , Figures 21 to 23 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the membrane structure of the ventilation device in different modes according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 21 The illustration shows that the ventilation device 900 is in the second mode. Figure 23 The illustration shows the ventilation device 900 in its first mode. Figure 22 Draw the transition between the first mode and the second mode. (Relative to...) Figures 18 to 19 The ventilation device 700 shown is... Figures 21 to 23The ventilation device 900 shown also includes a retainer 470, which is used to hold the membrane structure 110 in the first position when the controller 160 decides to close the vent 130T (i.e., the controller 160 decides to put the ventilation device 900 into the first mode). Therefore, as Figure 23 As shown, the fastener 470 prevents the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 (the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112) from moving upward or downward. Detailed design of the fastener 470 can be found above and will not be repeated here.

[0203] like Figures 21 to 23 As shown, the fixing member 470 can be laterally disposed on one side of the membrane structure 110 in top view, and the fixing member 470 can be actuated and moved to maintain the position of the membrane structure 110 or release the membrane structure 110. For example, in Figures 21 to 23 In this configuration, the fixing member 470 may be disposed on the stationary structure 210 and adjacent to the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 (i.e., the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112). For example, in Figures 21 to 23 When the fixing member 470 is actuated, the fixing member 470 can move horizontally, but is not limited thereto. For example, in Figures 21 to 23 In this configuration, the fixing member 470 can move horizontally (e.g., direction X) toward the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 to hold the membrane structure 110 in place, and the fixing member 470 can also move horizontally (e.g., in the opposite direction X) away from the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 to release the membrane structure 110, but is not limited thereto. Figure 23 In the process, when the fixing member 470 holds the membrane structure 110, the fixing member 470 prevents the membrane structure 110 from moving downward.

[0204] From the second mode ( Figure 21 ) to the first mode ( Figure 23 During the transition, the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 (e.g., the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112) can be moved upward above the first position by applying the mode change drive signal DV3_C to the actuator 120 (e.g., the first actuator 122). Figure 22 As shown. Then, as Figure 23 As shown, the fixing member 470 can move toward the free end FE of the membrane structure 110. Then, by applying a drive signal of the first mode (e.g., drive signal DV3_1) to the actuator 120, the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 can be moved downward to a first position, so that the fixing member 470 can maintain the membrane structure 110 in the first position.

[0205] Conversely, from mode one to mode two ( Figure 23 ) to the second mode ( Figure 21During the transition, the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 (e.g., the first free end FE1 of the first lobe 112) can be moved upward above the first position by applying a mode-changing drive signal DV3_C to the actuator 120 (e.g., the first actuator 122). Then, the fixing member 470 can move away from the free end FE of the membrane structure 110. Next, the free end FE of the membrane structure 110 can be lowered below the first position and the horizontal position by applying a second-mode drive signal (e.g., drive signal DV3_2) to the actuator 120.

[0206] For example, since the fixture 470 holds the membrane structure 110 in the first position, the drive signal in the first mode (e.g., drive signal DV3_1) can be 0V or ground voltage, or the actuator 120 can be floated in the first mode to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 900 in the first mode (e.g., the power consumption of the ventilation device 900 in the first mode can be 0.3μW), but is not limited thereto. In other words, after the fixture 470 holds the membrane structure 110 in the first position, the actuator 120 is not energized, and the vent 130T is closed (the ventilation device 900 is in the first mode).

[0207] In this case, the drive signal of the first mode (e.g., drive signal DV3_1) and the drive signal of the second mode (e.g., drive signal DV3_2) can be 0V or ground voltage, or the actuator 120 can be floated in the first mode and the second mode to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 900.

[0208] Furthermore, in some embodiments, after the retainer 470 holds the membrane structure 110 in the first position, no voltage is applied to the retainer 470, and the vent 130T is closed to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 900. In some embodiments, after the retainer 470 releases the membrane structure 110, no voltage is applied to the retainer 470 to reduce the power consumption of the ventilation device 900.

[0209] Please refer to Figure 24 , Figure 24 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the membrane structure of the ventilation device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 21 The illustration shows the ventilation device 1000 in its second mode. (Relative to...) Figures 1 to 5 The ventilation device 100 shown is... Figure 24 The ventilation device 1000 shown has multiple membrane structures 110, which are anchored to the same anchoring structure 140 or different anchoring structures 140. In a first mode, the membrane structure 110 can be moved to a first position and maintained in the first position. In a second mode, the membrane structure 110 can be bent downwards and below the first position and the horizontal position. It should be noted that the membrane structure 110 can be integrated into the same chip CP or can belong to different chip CPs (e.g., in...). Figure 24 In the middle, membrane structure 110 belongs to different chip CP).

[0210] exist Figure 24 In the second mode shown, multiple membrane structures 110 can form multiple small vents 130TS. In the second mode, the width of the small vents 130TS formed between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 is greater than the width of the gap 130P existing between the two opposite sidewalls of the slit 130 in the first mode. Since the ventilation device 1000 has multiple membrane structures 110 to form multiple small vents 130TS, therefore, Figure 24 The effect of the multiple small vents 130TS shown is equivalent to the effect of a single vent 130T in other embodiments. Accordingly, Figure 24 The ventilation device 1000 shown in the second mode can suppress the lock-in effect.

[0211] Furthermore, in the second mode, since the membrane structure 110 can bend downwards, the drive signals DV1_2 and DV2_2 can be 0V or ground voltage, or the first actuator 122 and the second actuator 124 can be floating, but are not limited thereto. Therefore, the power consumption of the ventilation device 1000 in the second mode can be reduced.

[0212] In summary, due to the presence of the slit, the ventilation device can form an vent to suppress the lock-in effect, or close the vent to enable the acoustic converter to perform high-performance acoustic conversion. In other words, the slit serves as a dynamic front vent for the ventilation device.

[0213] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation device, characterized in that, The ventilation device, disposed in a wearable sound device, includes: An anchoring structure; A membrane structure includes an anchored end and a free end, the anchored end being anchored to the anchoring structure, the membrane structure being used to form a vent or close the vent; and A synchronized actuator is disposed on the membrane structure; The membrane structure divides a space into a first volume and a second volume, and when the vent is formed, the first volume and the second volume are connected through the vent. When a controller decides to close the vent, the ventilation device is controlled by the controller to close the vent. When the controller decides to form the vent, the actuator is not subjected to voltage.

2. The ventilation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the controller decides to close the vent, the membrane structure is actuated according to a voltage generated by the controller, and the membrane structure is maintained in a first position; The first position is parallel to a substrate, and the ventilation device is disposed on the substrate.

3. The ventilation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, further... include: A fixing member, wherein when the controller decides to close the vent, the fixing member is used to maintain the membrane structure in a first position.

4. The ventilation device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, After the fixing member holds the membrane structure in the first position, no voltage is applied to the actuator, and the vent is closed.

5. The ventilation device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing element prevents the free end of the membrane structure from moving upward or downward.

6. The ventilation device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The fastener is positioned laterally on one side of the membrane structure when viewed from above.

7. The ventilation device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the fixing member is actuated, the fixing member moves horizontally.

8. The ventilation device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, After the fixing member holds the membrane structure in the first position, no voltage is applied to the fixing member, and the vent is closed.

9. The ventilation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the controller decides not to close the vent, the membrane structure bends downward and below a horizontal position, thus forming the vent; The horizontal position is parallel to a substrate, and the ventilation device is disposed on the substrate.

10. The ventilation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, When the controller decides not to close the vent, no voltage is applied to the actuator, causing the membrane structure to sag and fall below a horizontal position, and the vent is formed; The horizontal position is parallel to a substrate, and the ventilation device is disposed on the substrate.

11. The ventilation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The membrane structure includes a first lobe and a second lobe; The actuator includes a first actuating part disposed on the first lobe and a second actuating part disposed on the second lobe.

12. The ventilation device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that, When the controller decides to close the vent, the first and second flaps are actuated and held in a first position to close the vent.

13. The ventilation device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that, further include: A static structure is positioned between the first and second lobes; When the controller decides not to close the vent, the first and second petals bend downwards and below a horizontal position, thus forming the vent. The horizontal position is parallel to a substrate, and the ventilation device is disposed on the substrate.

14. The ventilation device as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The static structure is parallel to the substrate.

15. The ventilation device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that, When the controller decides not to close the vent, the first actuator is not energized.

16. The ventilation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, A slit is formed on the membrane structure to form a fixed structure; When the controller decides to form the vent, the fixing structure formed on the membrane structure is used to limit the deformation of the membrane structure.

17. The ventilation device as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that, The fixing structure has two fixing structural devices that interlock with each other when the fixing structure restricts the deformation of the membrane structure.

18. The ventilation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, further... include: A static structure is disposed on a substrate and adjacent to the membrane structure; as well as A fixing element is installed on the stationary structure.

19. The ventilation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The wearable sound device includes the controller and a sound energy converter, which is used to perform acoustic conversion.

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