Method for tea tree summer short shoot cutting rapid seedling

Abstract

The application discloses a tea tree summer short-bud cutting rapid seedling forming method, which comprises field nursery construction, seedbed treatment, cutting taking, cutting and field nursery management; the field nursery management comprises illumination management, water management, cutting post-pouring, 3-4 times of daily watering, soil humidity control at 65-75%, cutting initial stage management, 6-8 days after cutting, 17:00 spraying of thiophanate-methyl, 15% validamycin, humic acid foliar fertilizer and 34% propargite, 18-20 days after cutting, 17:00 spraying of kresoxim-methyl, 15% validamycin, humic acid foliar fertilizer, azoxystrobin-propineb and nitenpyram-pymetrozin, topdressing, 1 month after cutting, first time of topdressing of water-soluble compound fertilizer, 10 days of interval, 4 times of continuous topdressing, 10-12 cm of seedling height, second time of topdressing of water-soluble compound fertilizer and seedling training.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a method for rapid seedling formation of summer short-bud cutting of tea tree. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the world's three major non-alcoholic beverages, and is deeply loved by people because of its unique flavor and natural health function. In China, tea industry has become an important economic crop in mountainous areas, and tea garden improvement is the basis for high-quality development of tea industry. Its development is accompanied by increasing demand for improved tea seedlings. At present, the propagation and popularization of tea tree are mainly based on asexual reproduction, among which short-bud cutting has become the main way of seedling raising in domestic tea areas because of its advantages of maintaining the excellent characteristics of varieties, high purity of tea seedlings, large propagation coefficient, and convenient material taking. Therefore, further exploring and developing efficient and stable short-bud cutting technology of tea tree is an important force to promote the high-quality development of tea industry.

[0003] Traditional cutting methods are mostly to keep branches in summer and collect bud cuttings for cutting in autumn. However, in the process of autumn tea cutting, whether the cuttings can survive the winter is an important limiting factor, and the low temperature in winter will directly affect the rooting and survival rate of cuttings. At the same time, because the cutting time is in autumn, the time of tea seedlings leaving the nursery will be greatly delayed, and factors such as late time of leaving the nursery will also directly affect the market competitiveness of tea seedlings.

[0004] The optimization of tea cutting rapid rooting and seedling formation method has attracted widespread attention. The traditional cutting seedling raising method has problems such as long cycle, difficult rooting, and low survival rate. The Chinese patent application document with publication number CN108684407A discloses a tea tree short-bud cutting seedling raising technology and its specific garden management method, which includes the management of mother garden, the establishment and management of nursery, and has a higher planting survival rate. The cutting technology is applied to production, which can cultivate new seedlings in a shorter time and shorten the production cycle. However, it is specifically a cutting propagation technology for Huangcha tea tree variety, and the range of applicable tea tree varieties is small. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a tea tree cutting rooting method for improving tea tree quality and shortening seedling raising time.

[0006] The present application solves the above technical problems by the following technical means:

[0007] A method for rapid seedling formation of summer short-bud cutting of tea tree, comprising the following steps:

[0008] A, construction of field nursery: applying base fertilizer to the field in March; plowing the field land to obtain a seedbed in May, then laying yellow heart soil on the seedbed to keep the surface flat, and tamping the surrounding area;

[0009] B. Seedbed treatment: 10-14 days before cutting, thoroughly water the seedbed, then spray the seedbed with carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, acetochlor and 5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin respectively. Cover the seedbed with white plastic film until the day of cutting.

[0010] C. Cuttings: Select new tea shoots that sprouted in the spring of the current year, with plump axillary buds, strong and free from pests and diseases, and cut them into cuttings. Each cutting should have complete buds and leaves. Soak the cuttings in a carbendazim solution, then soak them in a 0.3% indole-naphthaleneacetic acid solution, and then soak them in a rooting powder and Bihu mixed solution.

[0011] D. Cuttings: Cuttings are taken in the summer of the same year;

[0012] E. Field Nursery Management

[0013] (1) Light management: Construct arched canopies along the rows and cover them with shade nets;

[0014] (2) Water management: Water thoroughly immediately after cutting; on sunny, rainless days within 90 days after cutting, water 3 to 4 times a day, before 17:00 in the afternoon, and keep the soil moisture at 65% to 75%.

[0015] (3) Initial management of cuttings

[0016] Within 6 to 8 days after cutting, spray the seedbed with methyl thiophanate, 15% oxadixyl, humic acid foliar fertilizer and 34% spirodiclofen before 17:00 in the afternoon.

[0017] Within 18 to 20 days after cutting, spray the seedbed with azoxystrobin, 15% oxadixyl, humic acid foliar fertilizer, azoxystrobin·propineb, and acetamiprid·pymetrozine before 17:00 in the afternoon.

[0018] (4) Topdressing

[0019] One month after the cuttings are planted, apply water-soluble compound fertilizer for the first time. Subsequent applications should be made every 10 days, for a total of four applications. The first application should be 7 kg / 667 m². 2 ~9kg / 667m 2 The second top dressing application was 10 kg / 667 m². 2 ~12kg / 667m 2 The third top dressing application was 13 kg / 667 m². 2 ~15kg / 667m 2 The fourth top dressing application amount was 18 kg / 667 m². 2 ~20kg / 667m 2 ;

[0020] When the seedlings are 10cm-12cm high, apply 25kg / 667m 2 2 ~27kg / 667m 2 of compound fertilizer.

[0021] (5) hardening-off

[0022] Hardening-off when the seedlings are 25cm-30cm high.

[0023] Preferably, in A, the base fertilizer is rapeseed cake fertilizer, and the application amount is 90kg / 667m 2 ~100kg / 667m 2 .

[0024] Preferably, in A, the ridge height of the seedbed is 20cm-22cm, the ridge width is 120cm, and the ridge length is controlled within 50m; the distance between the adjacent two seedbeds is 30cm, and the depth of the ditch is 20cm; the thickness of the yellow heart soil is 4cm-5cm.

[0025] Preferably, in B, the amount of the carbendazim is 80g / 667m 2 ~100g / 667m 2 ; the amount of the thiophanate-methyl is 50g / 667m 2 ~70g / 667m 2 ; the amount of the acetochlor is 150g / 667m 2 ~160g / 667m 2 ; the amount of the lambda-cyhalothrin with a mass fraction of 5% is 40g / 667m 2 ~60g / 667m; wherein the carbendazim and the thiophanate-methyl act as disinfectants, the acetochlor acts as a grass control agent, and the lambda-cyhalothrin with a mass fraction of 5% acts as an insect killer.

[0026] Preferably, in C, the length of the cuttings is 2.0cm-2.5cm; the cutting is performed on the same day, and the cutting is performed on the same day; in the mixed solution of the rooting powder and the BiHu, the mass concentration of the rooting powder and the BiHu is 1:2; the cutting is soaked in the 0.16% carbendazim aqueous solution for 2min, then soaked in the 0.3% indole-3-butyric acid aqueous solution for 2min, and then soaked in the mixed solution of the rooting powder and the BiHu for 2min-3min; in the mixed solution, the concentration of the rooting powder is 500mg / L, and the concentration of the BiHu is 1g / L.

[0027] Preferably, in step D, during the cutting process, the cuttings are inserted obliquely on the marked lines, with a row spacing of 8cm to 9cm and a plant spacing of 2.0cm to 2.5cm. The overlapping area of ​​the mother leaves of two adjacent cuttings does not exceed one-third. The lower part of the cutting is inserted into the soil, with the petiole above ground 0.5cm from the ground, and the soil is pressed firmly.

[0028] Preferably, in (1), the height of the arched canopy is 40cm to 50cm and the distance between the arches is 80cm to 90cm; the shade net is a black flat wire shade net with a shading rate of 60% to 65%.

[0029] Preferably, in (3), the amount of thiophanate-methyl sprayed within 6 to 8 days after cutting is 50 g / 667 m³. 2 ~70g / 667m 2 The dosage of 15% oxadixyl is 200g / 667m³. 2 ~350g / 667m 2 The dosage of humic acid foliar fertilizer is 200g / 667m³. 2 ~350g / 667m 2 The mass fraction of spirodiclofen is 34%, and the dosage is 50g / 667m. 2 ~70g / 667m 2 Within 18 to 20 days after cutting, spray with 200g / 667m³ of azoxystrobin. 2 ~350g / 667m 2 The dosage of 15% oxadixyl is 200g / 667m³. 2 ~350g / 667m 2 The dosage of humic acid foliar fertilizer is 200g / 667m³. 2 ~350g / 667m 2 The dosage of azoxystrobin·propineb is 50g / 667m. 2 ~80g / 667m 2 The dosage of acetamiprid·pymetrozine was 15g / 667m. 2 ~20g / 667m 2 .

[0030] Preferably, in (4), the mass fraction ratio of nitrogen:phosphorus:potassium in the water-soluble compound fertilizer is 15:15:15; the topdressing time is selected to be after 17:00 in the afternoon.

[0031] Preferably, in (5), the shade net is removed to harden the seedlings during the strong sunlight period from 10:00 am to 3:00 pm on sunny days; when removing the net for the first time, half of the shade net is removed first, and then all of it is removed after 5 to 7 days.

[0032] Preferably, in A, the soil of the field land is sandy loam with a loose soil structure and a pH of 4.5 to 5.5.

[0033] Preferably, in C, the 2-3 cm part of the base of the cutting is soaked in the solution during the soaking process.

[0034] The advantage of the present application is that:

[0035] 1) The present application greatly improves the seedling quality of the cutting seedlings, and provides a formula of a plant growth regulator: 1g / L of BiHuo (red. ethyl. canola wettable powder) + 500mg / L of rooting powder aqueous solution, which significantly improves the growth potential indicators of the aboveground and underground parts of the cutting seedlings.

[0036] 2) The cutting material of the present application uses the new shoots of tea trees that sprout in spring, have full axillary buds, are strong and free of diseases and pests, and uses the method of treating with BiHuo + rooting powder together in summer. From the material taking to the nursery, only 4-5 months are needed, and the survival rate and the nursery rate reach 96.7% and 87.8% respectively, which can shorten the seedling period by at least half. Combined with the reduction of land leasing, management and labor costs, the seedling cost can be greatly saved, and the present application is suitable for popularization and application.

[0037] The rapid seedling technology of summer short shoot cutting of the present application not only can eliminate the influence of overwintering of cuttings on rooting and survival rate, but also can advance the tea seedling nursery time, greatly reducing the land and management costs caused by seedling, and will provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the high-quality development of tea industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 Figure 3 is a graph showing the influence of different treatments in Example 3 (BiHuo + rooting powder), Comparative Example 1 (CK) and Comparative Example 2 (rooting powder) on the growth potential of the aboveground part of the cutting seedlings in the growth stage; the data is represented by the average value ± standard deviation of three repetitions; different letters represent statistical differences (p<0.05);

[0039] Figure 2 Figure 4 is a graph showing the influence of different treatments in Example 3 (BiHuo + rooting powder), Comparative Example 1 (CK) and Comparative Example 2 (rooting powder) on the growth potential of the underground part of the cutting seedlings in the growth stage; the data is represented by the average value ± standard deviation of three repetitions; different letters represent statistical differences (p<0.05);

[0040] Figure 3 Figure 5 is the nursery situation of the cutting seedlings after 144 days of cutting in Example 3 (BiHuo + rooting powder), Comparative Example 1 (water) and Comparative Example 2 (rooting powder). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0042] The test materials and reagents used in the following examples, and the like, can be obtained from commercial channels if no special description is made.

[0043] The specific techniques or conditions not specified in the examples can be carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product instructions.

[0044] The main reagents and formulations and materials used in the embodiments of the present application:

[0045] (1) thiophanate-methyl (Jiangsu Lanfeng Biological Chemical Co., Ltd.);

[0046] (2) acetochlor (Shandong Shengbang Green Chemical Co., Ltd.);

[0047] (3) lambda-cyhalothrin (Dr. Ehrenstorfer GmbH, Germany);

[0048] (4) carbendazim (Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd.);

[0049] (5) indoleacetic acid and naphthaleneacetic acid (Sichuan Lan Yue Technology Co., Ltd.); The dosage form is soluble powder, and the total effective ingredient content is 2%, the indoleacetic acid content is 1%, and the naphthaleneacetic acid content is 1%;

[0050] (6) rooting powder (Beijing Aibiti Biological Technology Co., Ltd.); The dosage form is soluble powder, and the total effective ingredient content is 50%, the naphthaleneacetic acid content is 20%, and the indoleacetic acid content is 30%;

[0051] (7) BiHuo (0.136% gibberellin acid, indoleacetic acid and brassinolide wettable powder, produced by Agroflora GmbH, Germany); The dosage form is wettable powder, the total effective ingredient content is 0.136%, the gibberellin acid content is 0.135%, the indoleacetic acid content is 0.00052%, and the brassinolide content is 0.00031%.

[0052] (8) hymexazol (Qingdao Xinrun Biological Technology Co., Ltd.);

[0053] (9) humic acid foliar fertilizer (Nanjing Fudian Biological Technology Co., Ltd.);

[0054] (10) Spinetoram (Dr. Ehrenstorfer GmbH, Germany);

[0055] (11) Kresoxim-methyl (Wenzhou Lvjia Import & Export Trade Co., Ltd.);

[0056] (12) Zoxamide + Propineb (Qingdao Audis Biotech Co., Ltd.);

[0057] (13) Indoxacarb + pymetrozine (produced by Beijing Yanhua Yongle Pesticide Co., Ltd.);

[0058] (14) The test material is clone tea variety 'Zhongcha 108', and the cutting strip is taken from the mother garden of Chaohu City Niansheng Agricultural Ecology Co., Ltd. The cutting strip is selected from the new shoots of tea trees that germinate in spring, with full and healthy axillary buds, and no pests and diseases.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] A method for rapid seedling formation of summer short shoot cutting of tea trees, comprising the following steps:

[0061] 1 Construction of field nursery and treatment of seedbed

[0062] (1) Construction of field nursery

[0063] In March, 90 kg / 667m 2 of harmless treated rapeseed cake fertilizer is applied. After the land is ploughed in May, the seedbed is made with a ridge height of 20-22 cm, a ridge width of 120 cm, and a ridge length controlled within 50 m. The seedbed is then covered with yellow soil with a thickness of about 4-5 cm, the ridge surface is kept flat, and the surrounding is tamped; the harmless treated rapeseed cake fertilizer is rapeseed cake fertilizer that is first heated to kill viruses and parasites in the rapeseed cake fertilizer; when used, the cake fertilizer is wetted with water, crushed and put into the soil, and the rotary tiller is used to make it into the soil and ferment in the soil.

[0064] (2) Treatment of seedbed

[0065] On the 10th day before cutting, the seedbed is watered, and then carbendazim (80 g / 667m 2 ), thiophanate-methyl (50 g / 667m 2 ), acetochlor (150 g / 667m 2 ), and high-efficiency lambda cyhalothrin with a mass fraction of 5% (40 g / 667m 2 ) are sprayed on the ridge surface, respectively, and then the ridge surface is covered with white plastic film until the day of cutting.

[0066] 2 Cutting of cuttings

[0067] (1) Cutting of cuttings

[0068] Select the spring germination, axillary buds full, healthy, no disease and pest of tea tree shoots, cut 2.0cm-2.5cm cutting, each cutting has complete bud and leaf. The day cutting, the day cutting, if the amount of cutting is too much to cause the cutting cannot be timely cut, should be properly stored to prevent dehydration deterioration. The cutting is soaked in 0.16% carbendazim water solution for 2min, then placed in 0.3% indole naphthalene acetic acid solution for 2min, and then in the rooting powder and bihu mixed solution for 2min. In the mixed solution, the concentration of rooting powder is 500mg / L, and the concentration of bihu is 1g / L.

[0069] (2)Cutting

[0070] In the summer of the same year (mid-May), cutting is carried out, the cutting is inserted on the scratch line, the cutting density is 8cm-9cm, the plant distance is 2.0cm-2.5cm, the overlapping area of the leaves of the adjacent two cuttings is preferably not more than one third, the lower part of the cutting is inserted into the soil, and the aboveground petiole is about 0.5cm away from the ground.

[0071] 3Field nursery management

[0072] (1)Light management

[0073] The height of the straightly built arch-shaped shed is 40cm-50cm, the arch distance is 80cm-90cm, and then the black flat silk shading net with 60%-65% shading rate is covered.

[0074] (2)Water management

[0075] Immediately after cutting, water is poured until it is soaked. On sunny and rainless days within 90d after cutting, water needs to be poured 3-4 times a day, and it is carried out before 17:00 in the afternoon, and the soil humidity is controlled at 65%-75%.

[0076] (3)Cutting initial management

[0077] On the 6th day after cutting, before 17:00 in the afternoon, methylthiophanate (50g / 667m 2 ), 15% omychote (200g / 667m 2 ), humic acid foliar fertilizer (200g / 667m 2 ) and 34% spirodiclofen (50g / 667m 2 ) are sprayed into the seedbed, respectively.

[0078] On the 18th day after cutting, before 17:00 in the afternoon, kresoxim-methyl (200g / 667m 2 ), 15% omychote (200g / 667m 2 ), humic acid foliar fertilizer (200g / 667m2 ), zoxamide + propineb (50 g / 667m 2 ) and nitenpyram + pymetrozine (15 g / 667m 2 ).

[0079] (4) Topdressing

[0080] The first topdressing of water-soluble compound fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium element mass fraction ratio of 15:15:15) is performed one month after the cutting of the cuttings, and then topdressing is performed every 10 days, for a total of 4 times. The amount of topdressing each time is: 7 kg / 667m 2 for the first time, 10 kg / 667m 2 for the second time, 13 kg / 667m 2 for the third time, and 18 kg / 667m 2 for the fourth time.

[0081] When the seedlings are 10 cm to 12 cm high, 25 kg / 667m 2 of the above water-soluble compound fertilizer is topdressed.

[0082] The topdressing time is selected to be after 17:00 in the afternoon.

[0083] (5) Hardening-off

[0084] When the seedlings are 25 cm to 30 cm high, the shading net is removed for hardening-off, avoiding the strong light period from 10:00 in the morning to 3:00 in the afternoon on sunny days. When the net is first removed, half of the shading net is removed, and after 5 days, the entire net is removed.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] A method for rapid seedling formation of summer short-bud cuttings of tea trees, comprising the following steps:

[0087] 1. Construction of a field nursery and treatment of a seedbed

[0088] (1) Construction of a field nursery

[0089] In March, 100 kg / 667m 2 of rapeseed cake fertilizer that has been harmlessly treated is applied. In May, after the land is plowed, a seedbed is prepared with a furrow height of 20 cm to 22 cm, a furrow width of 120 cm, and a furrow length controlled to be within 50 m. A 30 cm wide and 20 cm deep furrow is formed between the seedbeds. Then, yellow heart soil is laid on the seedbeds to a thickness of about 4 cm to 5 cm, the furrow surface is kept flat, and the surrounding area is compacted. The rapeseed cake fertilizer that has been harmlessly treated is rapeseed cake fertilizer that has been heated to kill viruses and parasites in the rapeseed cake fertilizer. When used, the cake fertilizer is wetted with water, broken up, and placed in the soil, and a rotary tiller is used to make the cake fertilizer enter the soil and ferment in the soil.

[0090] (2) Treatment of a seedbed

[0091] On the 14th day before cutting, the seedbed was irrigated with water, and then carbendazim (100 g / 667 m 2 ) and thiophanate-methyl (70 g / 667 m 2 ), ethametsulfuron (160 g / 667 m 2 ), and lambda-cyhalothrin (60 g / 667 m 2 ) were sprayed on the bed surface, respectively, and then the bed surface was covered with white plastic film until the day of cutting.

[0092] 2. Cutting and cutting of cuttings

[0093] (1) Cutting of cuttings

[0094] Select the new shoots of tea tree that sprout in spring, with full axillary buds, healthy, and free of pests and diseases, cut 2.0 cm to 2.5 cm cuttings, each cutting has complete buds and leaves. Cut the branches on the same day, and cut the cuttings on the same day. If the amount of branches is too large to be cut on the same day, the cuttings should be properly stored to prevent dehydration and deterioration. Soak the cuttings in a 0.16% carbendazim solution for 2 minutes, then soak them in a 0.3% indole naphthalene acetic acid solution for 2 minutes, and then soak them in a mixture of rooting powder and bihu for 3 minutes. In the mixed solution, the concentration of rooting powder is 500 mg / L, and the concentration of bihu is 1 g / L.

[0095] (2) Cutting

[0096] Cutting is carried out in summer (mid-June) of the same year. The cuttings are inserted obliquely on the scratch line, with a cutting density of 8 cm to 9 cm in row spacing and 2.0 cm to 2.5 cm in plant spacing. The overlapping area of the leaves of adjacent cuttings should not exceed one-third. The lower part of the cutting is inserted into the soil, and the aboveground petiole is about 0.5 cm away from the ground, and is pressed tightly.

[0097] 3. Management of field nursery

[0098] (1) Light management

[0099] Build an arch-shaped shed with a height of 40 cm to 50 cm along the row, with an arch distance of 80 cm to 90 cm, and then cover it with a black flat silk shading net with a shading rate of 60% to 65%.

[0100] (2) Water management

[0101] Immediately after cutting, water until saturated. On sunny and rainless days within 90 days after cutting, water 3 to 4 times a day before 17:00 in the afternoon, and control the soil moisture content to 65% to 75%.

[0102] (3) Management in the early stage of cutting

[0103] On the 8th day after cutting, before 17:00 in the afternoon, thiram (70 g / 667 m 2 ), diclomezniol (350 g / 667 m 2 ) with a mass fraction of 15%, humic acid foliar fertilizer (350 g / 667 m 2 ), and spiromesifen (70 g / 667 m 2 ) with a mass fraction of 34% were respectively sprayed into the seedbed.

[0104] On the 20th day after cutting, before 17:00 in the afternoon, kresoxim-methyl (350 g / 667 m 2 ), diclomezniol (350 g / 667 m 2 ) with a mass fraction of 15%, humic acid foliar fertilizer (350 g / 667 m 2 ), zoxamide-propineb (80 g / 667 m 2 ), and nitenpyram-pymetrozin (20 g / 667 m 2 ) were respectively sprayed into the seedbed.

[0105] (4) Topdressing

[0106] After the cuttings were cut for one month, water-soluble compound fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium element mass fraction ratio of 15:15:15) was topdressed for the first time, and then topdressed every 10 days, for a total of 4 times. The amount of topdressing each time was: 9 kg / 667 m 2 for the first time, 12 kg / 667 m 2 for the second time, 15 kg / 667 m 2 for the third time, and 20 kg / 667 m 2 for the fourth time.

[0107] When the seedlings were 10 cm to 12 cm high, 27 kg / 667 m 2 of the above water-soluble compound fertilizer was topdressed.

[0108] The topdressing time was selected to be after 17:00 in the afternoon.

[0109] (5) Hardening-off

[0110] When the seedlings were 25 cm to 30 cm high, the shading net was removed for hardening-off, avoiding the strong light period from 10:00 in the morning to 15:00 in the afternoon. When the net was removed for the first time, half of the shading net was removed, and after 7 days, the entire net was removed.

[0111] Example 3

[0112] A method for rapid seedling formation of short shoot cuttings of tea trees in summer, comprising the following steps:

[0113] 1. Construction of field nursery and treatment of seedbed

[0114] (1) Construction of field nursery

[0115] In March, 95 kg / 667 m 2 The rapeseed cake fertilizer is first heated to kill viruses and parasites in the rapeseed cake fertilizer. When used, the cake fertilizer is wetted with water, broken and put into the soil, and a rotary tiller is used to make it enter the soil and ferment in the soil.

[0116] (2) Seedbed treatment

[0117] On the 12th day before cutting, the seedbed is watered, and then carbendazim (90 g / 667 m 2 ) and thiophanate-methyl (60 g / 667 m 2 ), ethylamides (155 g / 667 m 2 ), and high-efficiency chlorofluoro cyhalofop (50 g / 667 m 2 ) are sprayed on the surface of the bed, respectively, and then the bed is covered with white plastic film until the day of cutting.

[0118] 2. Cutting and cutting of cuttings

[0119] (1) Cutting of cuttings

[0120] Select the new shoots of tea trees that sprout in the spring, with full axillary buds, healthy, and free of pests and diseases, and cut 2.0-2.5 cm cuttings, each with complete buds and leaves. Cut the branches on the same day and cut the cuttings on the same day. If the amount of branches is too large to be cut on the same day, the cuttings should be properly stored to prevent dehydration and deterioration. Soak the cuttings in a 0.16% carbendazim solution for 2 minutes, then soak them in a 0.3% indole naphthalene acetic acid solution for 2 minutes, and then soak them in a mixture of rooting powder and bihu for 2 minutes. In the mixed solution, the concentration of rooting powder is 500 mg / L, and the concentration of bihu is 1 g / L.

[0121] (2) Cutting

[0122] Cutting is carried out in the summer of the same year (June 4, 2021). The cuttings are inserted obliquely on the scratch line, with a density of 8-9 cm in row spacing and 2.0-2.5 cm in plant spacing. The overlapping area of the leaves of adjacent cuttings should not exceed one-third, the lower part of the cutting is inserted into the soil, and the aboveground petiole is about 0.5 cm from the ground, and is pressed tightly.

[0123] 3. Management of field nursery

[0124] (1)Light management

[0125] The arch-shaped shed is built with the height of 40cm-50cm and the arch distance of 80cm-90cm, and then the black flat silk shading net with the shading rate of 60%-65% is used for covering.

[0126] (2)Water management

[0127] Immediately after the cutting, water is poured until it is soaked. On sunny and rainless days within 90 days after the cutting, water needs to be poured 3-4 times a day, and the soil humidity is controlled at 65%-75% before 17:00 in the afternoon.

[0128] (3)Management in the early stage of cutting

[0129] On the 7th day after the cutting, before 17:00 in the afternoon, thiophanate-methyl (60g / 667m 2 ), propineb (275g / 667m 2 ), humic acid foliar fertilizer (275g / 667m 2 ) and spirodiclofen (60g / 667m 2 ) are respectively sprayed into the seedbed.

[0130] On the 19th day after the cutting, before 17:00 in the afternoon, kresoxim-methyl (275g / 667m 2 ), propineb (275g / 667m 2 ), humic acid foliar fertilizer (275g / 667m 2 ), zoxamide·propineb (65g / 667m 2 ) and nitenpyram (18g / 667m 2 ) are respectively sprayed into the seedbed.

[0131] (4)Fertilization

[0132] After the cuttings are cut for one month, water-soluble compound fertilizer (the mass fraction ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements is 15:15:15) is first applied, and then the fertilizer is applied every 10 days, and the fertilization is continuously applied for 4 times. The amount of each time of fertilization is: the first time 8kg / 667m 2 , the second time 11kg / 667m 22 , the third time 14kg / 667m 2 , and the fourth time 19kg / 667m 2 .

[0133] When the seedlings are 10cm-12cm high, 26kg / 667m 2 of the above water-soluble compound fertilizer is applied.

[0134] The time of the fertilization is selected after 17:00 in the afternoon.

[0135] (5) Hardening-off

[0136] When the seedling height is 25-30 cm, the shading net is removed for hardening-off, avoiding the strong light period from 10:00 to 15:00 in the morning. Half of the shading net is removed at first, and the whole net is removed after 6 days.

[0137] Comparative Example 1

[0138] The difference from Example 3 is that the cutting is soaked in a 0.16% carbendazim aqueous solution for 2 min, then in a 0.3% indole-3-acetic acid solution for 2 min, and then in water for 2 min.

[0139] Comparative Example 2

[0140] The difference from Example 3 is that the cutting is soaked in a 0.16% carbendazim aqueous solution for 2 min, then in a 0.3% indole-3-acetic acid solution for 2 min, and then in a 500 mg / L rooting powder solution for 2 min.

[0141] Investigation of cutting seedling growth

[0142] On August 16, 2021, every 15 days, 30 seedlings were randomly taken from each treatment group for five consecutive times, and the new shoot length, leaf number, root number, longest root length, root dry weight, aboveground dry weight, and second leaf area were observed and counted. On October 28, 2021, according to the Tea Seedling Standard (GB11767-2003), the stem diameter, seedling height, and lateral root number (root diameter above 1.5 mm) were measured, and the seedling rate was calculated according to the number of seedlings meeting the nursery standards and the total amount of cutting seedlings.

[0143] Statistical analysis

[0144] The investigation and test data were processed using Excel 2010, and the statistical indicators were subjected to variance analysis and Duncan's multiple comparison using SPSS26 software.

[0145] Effect of different treatments on the growth of cutting seedlings

[0146] The analysis of the new shoot length of cutting seedlings at different growth stages showed that the new shoot length gradually increased with the growth of cutting seedlings, reaching the highest on October 15. The new shoot length of the Example 3 group treated with BiHuo and rooting powder was the longest, reaching 14.4 cm, which was 14% and 25% higher than that of the control group (12.6 cm) of Comparative Example 1 and the rooting powder treatment group (11.5 cm) of Comparative Example 2, respectively. Figure 1The average leaf number of the common treatment group of Example 3 was the highest on October 15, reaching 9, as shown in FIG. 1A. Figure 1 The average leaf number of the common treatment group of Example 3 was the highest on October 15, reaching 9, as shown in FIG. 1A.

[0147] Further analysis found that the aboveground dry weight of the control group of Comparative Example 1, the rooting powder treatment group of Comparative Example 2, and the common treatment group of Example 3 increased from 0.36 g, 0.33 g, and 0.37 g on August 16 to 0.67 g, 0.59 g, and 0.74 g on October 15, with weight gain rates of 86.1%, 78.8%, and 100.0%, respectively, as shown in FIG. 1C. Figure 1 Further analysis found that the aboveground dry weight of the control group of Comparative Example 1, the rooting powder treatment group of Comparative Example 2, and the common treatment group of Example 3 increased from 0.36 g, 0.33 g, and 0.37 g on August 16 to 0.67 g, 0.59 g, and 0.74 g on October 15, with weight gain rates of 86.1%, 78.8%, and 100.0%, respectively, as shown in FIG. 1C. 2 2 2 Further analysis found that the aboveground dry weight of the control group of Comparative Example 1, the rooting powder treatment group of Comparative Example 2, and the common treatment group of Example 3 increased from 0.36 g, 0.33 g, and 0.37 g on August 16 to 0.67 g, 0.59 g, and 0.74 g on October 15, with weight gain rates of 86.1%, 78.8%, and 100.0%, respectively, as shown in FIG. 1C. Figure 1 Further analysis found that the aboveground dry weight of the control group of Comparative Example 1, the rooting powder treatment group of Comparative Example 2, and the common treatment group of Example 3 increased from 0.36 g, 0.33 g, and 0.37 g on August 16 to 0.67 g, 0.59 g, and 0.74 g on October 15, with weight gain rates of 86.1%, 78.8%, and 100.0%, respectively, as shown in FIG. 1C.

[0148] The above data show that the growth indexes of the aboveground part of the common treatment group of Example 3, such as new shoot length, leaf number, aboveground dry weight, and mature leaf area, are higher than those of the control and rooting powder treatment groups, and are increased by 14%, 15%, 10%, and 4% compared with the control group, indicating that the common treatment of cutting seedlings with BiHuo and rooting powder can significantly improve the growth potential of the aboveground part of the cutting seedlings.

[0149] Effect of different treatments on the growth potential of the underground part of the cutting seedlings

[0150] Analysis of the longest root length of the cutting seedlings at different growth stages found that the longest root length gradually increased with the growth of the cutting seedlings. During the growth stage from August 16 to October 1, the longest root length of the common treatment group of Example 3 was equivalent to that of the rooting powder treatment group of Comparative Example 2 but higher than that of the control group of Comparative Example 1 (as shown in FIG. 1A). Figure 2 Further analysis found that the aboveground dry weight of the control group of Comparative Example 1, the rooting powder treatment group of Comparative Example 2, and the common treatment group of Example 3 increased from 0.36 g, 0.33 g, and 0.37 g on August 16 to 0.67 g, 0.59 g, and 0.74 g on October 15, with weight gain rates of 86.1%, 78.8%, and 100.0%, respectively, as shown in FIG. 1C. Figure 2

[0151] ​​​Further analysis found that the underground dry weight of the control group of Comparative Example 1, the Rootone treatment group of Comparative Example 2, and the BiHuo and Rootone co-treatment group of Example 3 increased from 0.14 g, 0.14 g, and 0.16 g on August 16 to 0.23 g, 0.23 g, and 0.26 g on October 15, respectively, and the BiHuo and Rootone co-treatment significantly improved the underground dry weight of the cutting seedlings Figure 2 The root-shoot ratio size can reflect the correlation between the underground and aboveground parts of a plant, and the greater the root-shoot ratio of a plant indicates that the root function activity of the plant is greater, and vice versa. During the growth of the different treatment groups, the root-shoot ratio of the cutting seedlings did not change significantly. On October 15, the root-shoot ratios of the control group of Comparative Example 1, the Rootone treatment group of Comparative Example 2, and the BiHuo and Rootone co-treatment group of Example 3 were 0.34, 0.39, and 0.35, respectively Figure 2

[0152] Based on the above data, it was found that the root number and underground dry weight of the BiHuo and Rootone co-treatment group were higher than those of the control and Rootone treatment groups, and were 10% and 13% higher than those of the control group, respectively, indicating that the BiHuo and Rootone co-treatment of the cuttings could significantly improve the growth potential of the underground part of the cutting seedlings.

[0153] Effect of different treatments on the survival rate of the cutting seedlings

[0154] Through statistical analysis of the seedling height, stem diameter, root number, survival rate, and survival rate of the cutting seedlings after 144 days of cutting (October 28), it was found that the average seedling height of the control group (Comparative Example 1), the Rootone treatment group (Comparative Example 2), and the BiHuo and Rootone co-treatment group (Example 3) was 28.13 cm, 27.42 cm, and 30.76 cm, respectively (Table 1), and there was no significant difference in the stem diameter index among the different treatment groups. The survival rate of the BiHuo and Rootone co-treatment group was better than that of the control and Rootone treatment groups, and the survival rate of the BiHuo and Rootone co-treatment group of Example 3 reached 96.7%, which was 10.4% and 9.2% higher than that of the control and Rootone treatment groups, respectively. The survival rate of the BiHuo and Rootone co-treatment group of Example 3 was also the highest, reaching 87.8%, which was 16.7% and 20% higher than that of the control and Rootone treatment groups, respectively. The above results showed that the BiHuo and Rootone co-treatment of the cuttings could significantly improve the quality of the tea seedlings and the survival rate; and the photos of the cutting seedlings are shown in Figure 3

[0155] Table 1 Growth indicators of cuttings after 144 days of cutting

[0156] Index Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Example 3 Seedling height (cm) 28.13±2.54b 27.42±2.19b 30.76±2.52a Stem diameter (cm) 0.23±0.03a 0.24±0.04a 0.23±0.03a Number of roots (roots) 2.20±1.00b 2.53±1.24a 2.51±0.55a Survival rate 86.3％ 87.5％ 96.7％ Rate of nursery 71.1％ 67.8％ 87.8％

[0157] ​​Note: The nursery rate was calculated based on the cutting seedlings with a height of more than 25 cm, and the effective root number was counted based on the root diameter of more than 1.5 mm; the same line in the table but different lowercase letters represented significant differences (p < 0.05) between different treatments.

[0158] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for rapid seedling propagation of tea trees by short cuttings in summer, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: A. Field nursery construction: Apply base fertilizer to the field in March; after tilling the field in May, make seedbeds by laying yellow soil on the seedbeds to keep the surface flat and compact the edges. B. Seedbed treatment: 10-14 days before cutting, thoroughly water the seedbed, then spray the seedbed with carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, acetochlor and 5% high-efficiency cyhalothrin respectively. Cover the seedbed with white plastic film until the day of cutting. C. Cuttings: Select healthy, vigorous tea tree shoots that sprouted in the spring of the current year, with plump axillary buds and free from pests and diseases. Cut the shoots, each with complete buds and leaves. Soak the shoots in a carbendazim solution, then soak them in a 0.3% indole-naphthaleneacetic acid solution, and then soak them in a mixed solution of rooting powder and Bihu (a fungicide). The rooting powder concentration in the mixed solution is 500 mg / L, and the Bihu concentration is 1 g / L. D. Cuttings: Cuttings are taken in the summer of the same year; E. Field Nursery Management (1) Light management: Construct arched canopies along the rows and cover them with shade nets; (2) Water management: Water thoroughly immediately after cutting; on sunny, rainless days within 90 days after cutting, water 3 to 4 times a day, before 17:00 in the afternoon, and keep the soil moisture at 65% to 75%. (3) Initial management of cuttings Within 6 to 8 days after cutting, spray the seedbed with methyl thiophanate, 15% oxadixyl, humic acid foliar fertilizer and 34% spirodiclofen before 17:00 in the afternoon. Within 18 to 20 days after cutting, spray the seedbed with azoxystrobin, 15% oxadixyl, humic acid foliar fertilizer, azoxystrobin·propineb, and acetamiprid·pymetrozine before 17:00 in the afternoon. (4) Topdressing One month after the cuttings are planted, apply water-soluble compound fertilizer for the first time. Subsequent applications should be made every 10 days, for a total of four applications. The first application should be 7 kg / 667 m². 2 ~9kg / 667m 2 The second top dressing application was 10 kg / 667 m². 2 ~12kg / 667m 2 The third top dressing application was 13 kg / 667 m². 2 ~15kg / 667m 2 The fourth top dressing application amount was 18 kg / 667 m². 2 ~20kg / 667m 2 ; When the seedlings reach a height of 10cm-12cm, apply 25kg / 667m³. 2 ~27kg / 667m 2 Apply water-soluble compound fertilizer again; (5) Hardening off seedlings Harden off the seedlings when they reach a height of 25cm to 30cm.

2. The method for rapid seedling growth of tea trees by summer short-cutting propagation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In section A, the base fertilizer is rapeseed cake fertilizer, and the application rate is 90 kg / 667 m³. 2 ~100kg / 667m 2 .

3. The method for rapid seedling growth of tea trees by summer short-cutting propagation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In section A, the height of the seedbed is 20cm-22cm, the width of the seedbed is 120cm, and the length of the seedbed is controlled within 50m; the distance between the furrows between two adjacent seedbeds is 30cm and the depth of the furrows is 20cm; the thickness of the yellow core soil is 4cm-5cm.

4. The method for rapid seedling growth of tea trees by summer short-cutting propagation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In section B, the dosage of carbendazim is 80g / 667m. 2 ~100g / 667m 2 The dosage of thiophanate-methyl is 50g / 667m. 2 ~70g / 667m 2 The dosage of acetochlor is 150g / 667m. 2 ~160g / 667m 2 The dosage of the 5% (by mass) high-efficiency cyhalothrin was 40g / 667m. 2 ~60g / 667m 2 .

5. The method for rapid seedling growth of tea trees by summer short-cutting propagation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In C, the cuttings are 2.0cm to 2.5cm in length; the cuttings are taken and planted on the same day; the cuttings are soaked in a 0.16% carbendazim aqueous solution for 2 minutes, then soaked in a 0.3% indole-naphthaleneacetic acid solution for 2 minutes, and then soaked in a rooting powder and Bihu mixed solution for 2 to 3 minutes.

6. The method for rapid seedling growth of tea trees by summer short-cutting propagation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In section D, during the cutting process, the cuttings are inserted obliquely along the marked lines. The cutting density is 8cm-9cm between rows and 2.0cm-2.5cm between plants. The overlapping area of ​​the mother leaves of two adjacent cuttings should not exceed one-third. The lower part of the cutting is inserted into the soil, and the petiole above ground is 0.5cm from the ground. The soil is then pressed firmly.

7. The method for rapid seedling growth of tea trees by summer short-cutting propagation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In (1), the height of the arched canopy is 40cm to 50cm and the distance between the arches is 80cm to 90cm; the shade net is a black flat wire shade net with a shading rate of 60% to 65%.

8. The method for rapid seedling growth of tea trees by summer short-cutting propagation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In (3), the application rate of thiophanate-methyl was 50 g / 667 m³ within 6 to 8 days after cutting. 2 ~70g / 667m 2 The dosage of 15% oxadixyl is 200g / 667m³. 2 ~350g / 667m 2 The dosage of humic acid foliar fertilizer is 200g / 667m³. 2 ~350g / 667m 2 The mass fraction of spirodiclofen is 34%, and the dosage is 50g / 667m. 2 ~70g / 667m 2 Within 18 to 20 days after cutting, spray with 200g / 667m³ of azoxystrobin. 2 ~350g / 667m 2 The dosage of 15% oxadixyl is 200g / 667m³. 2 ~350g / 667m 2 The dosage of humic acid foliar fertilizer is 200g / 667m³. 2 ~350g / 667m 2 The dosage of azoxystrobin·propineb is 50g / 667m. 2 ~80g / 667m 2 The dosage of acetamiprid·pymetrozine was 15g / 667m. 2 ~20g / 667m 2 .

9. The method for rapid seedling growth of tea trees by summer short-cutting propagation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In (4), the mass fraction ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the water-soluble compound fertilizer is 15:15:15; the topdressing time is selected to be after 17:00 in the afternoon.

10. The method for rapid seedling production of tea trees by summer short-cutting propagation according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: In (5), the shade netting should be removed to harden off the seedlings during the strong sunlight period from 10 am to 3 pm on sunny days; when removing the netting for the first time, remove half of the shade netting first, and then remove it completely after 5 to 7 days.

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