A treatment method and device for continuously cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants

Abstract

The present invention discloses a treatment method and device for continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants, which is characterized by including the following steps: 1) fully mixing the soil to be treated with biomass evenly and carrying out in-situ pyrolysis, and the treated soil can be directly returned to the field on the spot; 2) carrying out primary crushing on the mining solid waste to be treated; 3) introducing the pyrolysis flue gas obtained in step (1) into the adsorbent, and after sufficient contact, obtaining treated mining solid waste A and preliminarily treated flue gas; 4) introducing the obtained preliminarily treated flue gas from the bottom into the mining solid waste after primary crushing, and spraying from the top at the same time, obtaining treated mining solid waste B and re-treated flue gas; 5) returning the obtained treated mining solid waste B to step (3) for use as an adsorbent, and the obtained re-treated flue gas is introduced into water from the bottom and directly escapes and is emptied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil treatment, and particularly relates to a method and a device for treating continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants. Background Art

[0002] Continuous cropping obstacle refers to the abnormal growth and development of crops caused by continuously cultivating the same or closely related crops on the same soil. There are various reasons for the occurrence of continuous cropping obstacle, including excessive consumption of nutrients, deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties, increase in pests and diseases, and accumulation of harmful substances. For a long time, in order to pursue economic benefits, it is common to continuously cultivate high-value crops on the soil. Coupled with the lack of scientific and reasonable addition of substances to the soil, the land quality has been continuously declining, and various problems such as poor crop growth and development and reduced yields have emerged one after another, urgently needing to be solved. At present, a large amount of agricultural and forestry solid waste such as crop straw has not been effectively utilized, occupying land for a long time, and even a large amount of it is burned, greatly increasing the environmental pressure and exacerbating environmental pollution.

[0003] Tailings are by-products of mineral processing and are usually stored in tailings ponds without treatment. They are a mixture of sand, fine-grained solid substances, water, and a large amount of heavy metals. At present, with the development of the mining industry in China, the discharge of tailings has also increased. The cumulative discharge of tailings in China has exceeded 10 billion tons. The tailings ponds where tailings are stacked occupy a large area of land, including farmland and forest land. On the one hand, the stacking of tailings destroys land resources; on the other hand, first, a large amount of metal sulfides in the tailings are acidified and oxidized under the action of air and water to form acidic mine wastewater, bringing serious disasters to the environment; second, the tailings contain a large amount of toxic and harmful heavy metals, and under the action of rainwater, the heavy metals will flow into water bodies and soil with the water flow, bringing serious harm to river water bodies and soil plants. Therefore, the treatment of mining solid wastes such as tailings has also become a top priority.

[0004] In addition, organic pollutants and heavy metal pollution have also become major problems in soil pollution with the development of industrialization. On this basis, some studies have pointed out that soil pyrolysis can be used to alleviate it. However, in actual applications, a large amount of organic waste gas will be generated during the pyrolysis treatment of organic polluted soil. If not effectively treated, it will cause serious secondary pollution to the surrounding atmosphere. Although there are also studies on the treatment of pyrolysis flue gas of organic pollutants in the existing technology, due to the complex composition and different characteristics of the waste gas, most treatment methods are complex and not operable, and cannot be used in large areas in practice.

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to invent a method and a device for treating continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The first purpose of the present invention is to invent a method for treating soil containing organic pollutants as a barrier, and the second purpose is to invent a device for treating soil containing organic pollutants as a barrier.

[0007] The first object of the present invention is achieved by the method for treating soil containing organic pollutants and continuous cropping obstacles, comprising the following steps:

[0008] 1) The soil to be treated is fully mixed with the biomass and pyrolyzed to obtain pyrolysis flue gas and treated soil, and the treated soil can be directly returned to the field;

[0009] 2) Primary crushing of the mining solid waste to be processed;

[0010] 3) introducing the pyrolysis flue gas obtained in step (1) into an adsorbent, wherein the adsorbent is the mining solid waste after primary crushing and / or the mining solid waste B treated in step (4), and after sufficient contact, obtaining the treated mining solid waste A and the preliminarily treated flue gas; the mining solid waste is further weathered by the heat carried by the pyrolysis flue gas, and the mining solid waste B containing the spray liquid is dried by the heat in the flue gas, while the pyrolysis flue gas achieves the filtration and adsorption of particulate matter, dust and some harmful gases;

[0011] 4) The obtained preliminary treated flue gas is introduced from the bottom into the mining solid waste after primary crushing, and sprayed on the top at the same time to obtain the treated mining solid waste B and the treated flue gas again; spraying is used to remove dust again and further remove harmful gases;

[0012] 5) The treated mining solid waste B is returned to step (3) for use as an adsorbent, and the treated flue gas is directly discharged; the treated mining solid waste A can be added to the soil to be treated in step (1) in proportion and pyrolyzed together to achieve soilification of mining solid waste;

[0013] Preferably, the soil to be treated in step (1) is any one or more of soil containing organic pollutants, soil containing heavy metals, and soil with continuous cropping obstacles.

[0014] Preferably, in step (1), the mass ratio of the soil to be treated to the biomass is 6:1-1:1.

[0015] Preferably, the biomass in step (1) is one or more of crop straw, weeds, rice husks, bran, shrub branches, dead leaves, and wood chips.

[0016] Preferably, the moisture content of the biomass and the soil to be treated in step (1) is ≤10%, and the particle size of the biomass is 10-90 mesh.

[0017] Preferably, the pyrolysis in step (1) is performed by using a pyrolysis device or by in-situ pyrolysis in a pile in the field.

[0018] Preferably, the pyrolysis temperature in step (1) is 250 - 450 °C, the air flow rate is 0.4 - 1 m 3 / h, and the pyrolysis time is 10 - 60 min.

[0019] Preferably, the particle size of the primary crushed mining solid waste in step (2) is 0.2 - 3 mm.

[0020] Preferably, the mining solid waste to be treated in step (2) is tailings or waste rock and soil.

[0021] Preferably, the spraying liquid in step (4) is water or an alkali solution.

[0022] Preferably, the flue gas after re - treatment in step (5) is introduced from the bottom into water and then directly escapes and is discharged into the air.

[0023] The second object of the present invention is achieved as follows: It includes an adsorption and weathering tank body and a spraying tank body. The bottom of the adsorption and weathering tank body is provided with a smoke inlet. Opposite the smoke inlet, a smoke - distributing base is provided at the bottom inside the adsorption and weathering tank body. The top of the adsorption and weathering tank body is in a shape that is larger at the bottom and smaller at the top. The spraying tank body is in an annular column shape and is sleeved on the upper part of the outside of the adsorption and weathering tank body. One end of the smoke - guiding pipe is communicated with the adsorption and weathering tank body, and the other end is communicated with the bottom of the spraying tank body. There are multiple smoke - guiding pipes and they are distributed in different directions of the adsorption and weathering tank body. The smoke ports of the spraying tank body connected to different smoke - guiding pipes are distributed in different directions at the bottom of the spraying tank body. An annular smoke - distributing base is provided at the lower part inside the spraying tank body. Above the annular smoke - distributing base opposite to each smoke port of the spraying tank body, a feeding auger device is horizontally provided respectively. The feeding auger devices are all feeding equipment well - known to those skilled in the art, which consists of an auger and a motor. The motor is located outside the spraying tank body. As the motor drives the auger in the tank body to rotate, the solid waste in the spraying tank body moves. The ends of the feeding auger devices all face the adsorption and weathering tank body. Material openings are respectively opened on the inner wall of the spraying tank body opposite to the ends of the feeding auger devices and the inner wall of the adsorption and weathering tank body. The two material openings are communicated through a feeding pipe, and upper and lower movable sealing door devices are respectively provided at both ends of the feeding pipe. The upper and lower movable sealing door devices are sealing door devices well - known to those skilled in the art, such as pneumatic sealing doors. The sealing doors are moved up and down through pneumatic equipment to open or close the material openings at both ends of the feeding pipe. At the top inside the spraying tank body opposite to each smoke port of the spraying tank body, a nozzle and a smoke - discharging pipe are provided. The nozzle can be connected to a pressure liquid - supply device through a pipeline to realize the supply of the spraying liquid.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] 1. The present invention can effectively treat soil containing organic pollutants, heavy metals or continuous cropping obstacles. At the same time, through the treatment of pyrolysis flue gas and mining solid waste, not only the purification treatment of pyrolysis flue gas is realized to eliminate secondary pollution, but also the harmless treatment of mining solid waste is effectively achieved, and even further soilization is realized. The method is simple and convenient for large - scale application.

[0026] 2. The device of the present invention is a pyrolysis flue gas treatment device, and specifically adopts an inner and outer double-layer tank structure, which is conducive to uniformly introducing the flue gas discharged from the adsorption weathering tank into various areas of the spray tank, and the muddy mining solid waste B obtained in the spray tank is finally sent into the adsorption weathering tank from different positions of the adsorption weathering tank. This feeding method can make the mining solid waste B evenly pour on the solid waste in the adsorption weathering tank to form an upper layer of solid waste, accelerate the weathering of the mining solid waste B, and then the upper layer of mining solid waste B and the lower layer of mining solid waste together act as adsorbents to improve the adsorption effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the device of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1-adsorption weathering tank body, 2-spray tank body, 3-smoke inlet, 4-smoke distribution base, 5-smoke guide pipe, 6-annular smoke distribution base, 7-feeding auger device, 8-feeding pipe, 9-up and down movable door sealing device, 10-sprinkler, 11-smoke exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited in any way. Any changes or substitutions made based on the teachings of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A method for treating soil containing organic pollutants and continuous cropping obstacles, comprising the following steps:

[0034] 1) The soil to be treated is fully mixed with biomass and pyrolyzed to obtain pyrolysis flue gas and treated soil, and the treated soil can be directly returned to the field; the soil to be treated is soil containing organic pollutants, soil containing heavy metals and soil with continuous cropping obstacles; the mass ratio of the soil to be treated to the biomass is 6:1; the biomass is crop straw; the moisture content of the biomass and the soil to be treated is 8%, and the biomass particle size is 10-50 mesh; the pyrolysis is performed using a pyrolysis device; the pyrolysis temperature in step (1) is 250-400°C, and the air flow rate is 0.4m 3 / h, and the pyrolysis time is 30min.

[0035] 2) Conduct primary crushing on the mining solid waste to be treated; preferably, in step (2), the primary crushing reduces the particle size of the mining solid waste to 0.2 - 1 mm; the mining solid waste to be treated is tailings;

[0036] 3) Introduce the pyrolysis flue gas obtained in step (1) into the adsorbent, where the adsorbent is the mining solid waste after primary crushing and / or the mining solid waste B after being treated in step (4). After sufficient contact, treated mining solid waste A and preliminarily treated flue gas are obtained; the mining solid waste is further humidly weathered by the heat carried by the pyrolysis flue gas, and the mining solid waste B containing the spraying liquid is dried by the heat in the flue gas. At the same time, the pyrolysis flue gas realizes the filtration and adsorption of particulate matter, dust, and some harmful gases;

[0037] 4) Introduce the obtained preliminarily treated flue gas from the bottom into the mining solid waste after primary crushing, and at the same time, conduct spraying from the top to obtain treated mining solid waste B and re-treated flue gas; the spraying removes dust again and further removes harmful gases; the spraying liquid is water;

[0038] 5) Return the obtained treated mining solid waste B to step (3) for use as an adsorbent, and the obtained re-treated flue gas can be directly discharged; the obtained treated mining solid waste A can be added to the soil to be treated in step (1) in proportion for co-pyrolysis to achieve the soilification of the mining solid waste.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A method for treating continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants, comprising the following steps:

[0041] 1) Mix the soil to be treated with biomass evenly and conduct pyrolysis to obtain pyrolysis flue gas and treated soil, and the treated soil can be directly returned to the field; the soil to be treated is soil containing organic pollutants; the mass ratio of the soil to be treated to biomass is 1:1; the biomass is shrub branches, withered leaves, and wood chips; the moisture content of the biomass and the soil to be treated is 10%, and the particle size of the biomass is 30 - 70 mesh; the pyrolysis is in-situ pyrolysis by piling in the field; the pyrolysis temperature in step (1) is 250 - 450 °C, the air flow rate is 0.4 - 1 m 3 / h, and the pyrolysis time is 60 min.

[0042] 2) Conduct primary crushing on the mining solid waste to be treated; preferably, in step (2), the primary crushing reduces the particle size of the mining solid waste to 0.2 - 3 mm; the mining solid waste to be treated is tailings and waste rock and soil.

[0043] 3) Introduce the pyrolysis flue gas obtained in step (1) into the adsorbent, where the adsorbent is the primary-crushed mining solid waste and / or the mining solid waste B after being treated in step (4). After sufficient contact, the treated mining solid waste A and the preliminarily treated flue gas are obtained. The mining solid waste is further humidly weathered by the heat carried by the pyrolysis flue gas, and the mining solid waste B containing the spraying liquid is dried by the heat in the flue gas. At the same time, the pyrolysis flue gas realizes the filtration and adsorption of particulate matter, dust, and some harmful gases.

[0044] 4) Introduce the obtained preliminarily treated flue gas from the bottom into the primary-crushed mining solid waste, and at the same time, perform spraying from the top to obtain the treated mining solid waste B and the re-treated flue gas. Spraying removes dust again and further removes harmful gases. The spraying liquid is an alkaline solution, specifically a lime water solution.

[0045] 5) Return the obtained treated mining solid waste B to step (3) for use as an adsorbent. The obtained re-treated flue gas is introduced into water from the bottom and then directly escapes and is emptied. The obtained treated mining solid waste A can be added to the soil to be treated in step (1) according to a certain proportion for co-pyrolysis to realize the soilization of the mining solid waste.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A method for treating soil with continuous cropping obstacles containing organic pollutants, comprising the following steps:

[0048] 1) Mix the soil to be treated with biomass evenly and perform pyrolysis to obtain pyrolysis flue gas and treated soil. The treated soil can be directly returned to the field. The soil to be treated is soil with continuous cropping obstacles containing organic pollutants. The mass ratio of the soil to be treated to the biomass is 3:1. The biomass is crop straws, weeds, rice husks, bran, shrub branches, withered leaves, and wood chips. The moisture content of the biomass and the soil to be treated is 9%, and the particle size of the biomass is 10-90 meshes. The pyrolysis is performed using a pyrolysis device. The pyrolysis temperature in step (1) is 250-450 °C, the air flow rate is 1 m 3 / h, and the pyrolysis time is 10 min.

[0049] 2) Perform primary crushing on the mining solid waste to be treated. Preferably, in step (2), the primary crushing is performed until the particle size of the mining solid waste is 0.3-2 mm. The mining solid waste to be treated is waste rock and soil.

[0050] 3) Introduce the pyrolysis flue gas obtained in step (1) into the adsorbent, where the adsorbent is the primary-crushed mining solid waste and / or the mining solid waste B after being treated in step (4). After sufficient contact, the treated mining solid waste A and the preliminarily treated flue gas are obtained. The mining solid waste is further humidly weathered by the heat carried by the pyrolysis flue gas, and the mining solid waste B containing the spraying liquid is dried by the heat in the flue gas. At the same time, the pyrolysis flue gas realizes the filtration and adsorption of particulate matter, dust, and some harmful gases.

[0051] 4) Introduce the obtained preliminarily treated flue gas from the bottom into the mined solid waste after primary crushing, and at the same time, perform spraying from the top to obtain the treated mined solid waste B and the re-treated flue gas; the spraying further removes dust and harmful gases; the spraying liquid is water;

[0052] 5) Return the obtained treated mined solid waste B to step (3) for use as an adsorbent, and directly discharge the obtained re-treated flue gas; the obtained treated mined solid waste A can be proportionally added to the soil to be treated in step (1) for co-pyrolysis to realize the soilization of the mined solid waste.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] The adsorbent used in this example is the mined solid waste after primary crushing and the treated mined solid waste B after step (4), and the spraying liquid is water;

[0055] This example is a device for implementing the treatment method of the continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants in Example 1, specifically a device for treating the pyrolysis flue gas after pyrolysis, including an adsorption and weathering tank body 1 and a spraying tank body 2. The bottom of the adsorption and weathering tank body 1 is provided with a smoke inlet 3. Opposite the smoke inlet 3, a smoke distribution base 4 is provided at the bottom inside the adsorption and weathering tank body 1. The smoke distribution base 4 is evenly provided with smoke passing openings. The top of the adsorption and weathering tank body 1 is in a shape of being larger at the bottom and smaller at the top, and the top surface is flat. The spraying tank body 2 is in a ring column shape and is sleeved outside the upper part of the adsorption and weathering tank body 1. The bottom of the spraying tank body 2 is provided with a bracket for support. One end of a smoke guiding pipe 5 is communicated with the adsorption and weathering tank body 1, and the other end is communicated with the bottom of the spraying tank body 2. There are six smoke guiding pipes 5 and they are distributed in different directions of the adsorption and weathering tank body 1. The smoke guiding pipes 5 are equipped with smoke guiding fans. The smoke inlets of the spraying tank body 2 connected to different smoke guiding pipes 5 are distributed in different directions at the bottom of the spraying tank body 2, that is, the smoke inlets of the spraying tank body 2 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the spraying tank body 2. A ring-shaped smoke distribution base 6 is provided in the lower part inside the spraying tank body 2, that is, the ring-shaped smoke distribution base 6 divides the inside of the spraying tank body 2 into upper and lower two-layer spaces. The ring-shaped smoke distribution base 6 is evenly provided with smoke passing openings. A feeding auger device 7 is respectively horizontally provided above the ring-shaped smoke distribution base 6 opposite to each smoke inlet of the spraying tank body 2. The ends of the feeding auger devices 7 all face the adsorption and weathering tank body 1. Material openings are respectively opened on the inner wall of the spraying tank body 2 and the inner wall of the adsorption and weathering tank body 1 opposite to the ends of the feeding auger devices 7. The two material openings are communicated through a material conveying pipe 8, and upper and lower movable sealing door devices 9 are respectively provided at both ends of the material conveying pipe 8. A spray head 10 and a smoke exhaust pipe 11 are provided at the top inside the spraying tank body 2 opposite to each smoke inlet of the spraying tank body 2;

[0056] Before the formal operation of this device, pre-operation is carried out. Specifically, the adsorption and weathering tank body 1 and the spraying tank body 2 are respectively filled with the primary crushed mining solid waste. The primary crushed mining solid waste is respectively located on the smoke distribution base 4 and the annular smoke distribution base 6. The pyrolysis flue gas enters from the smoke inlet 3, goes upward after passing through the smoke distribution base 4 and contacts the mining solid waste. The preliminarily treated flue gas passes through the smoke guide pipe 5 and enters the spraying tank body 2 from different smoke outlets at the bottom of the spraying tank body 2. Then it passes through the annular smoke distribution base 6 and contacts the mining solid waste in the spraying tank body 2 during the upward process. At the same time, the nozzle 10 sprays water to contact the upward flue gas in a countercurrent manner. The feeding auger device 7 continuously rotates forward and backward alternately, which is beneficial to mixing the mining solid waste in the spraying tank body 2 and the dust carried by it with water. After running for a period of time, the flue gas is stopped and water is continuously sprayed to form a muddy substance with certain voids (it is appropriate when the water adheres but does not form a drip), which is used as mining solid waste B. Open the upper and lower movable sealing door device 9, and the feeding auger device 7 rotates forward to drop the mining solid waste B into the adsorption and weathering tank body 1 through the feeding pipe 8 from six different directions, so that the muddy mining solid waste B is evenly stacked on the original mining solid waste in the adsorption and weathering tank body 1. Close the upper and lower movable sealing door device 9. Complete the pre-operation of this device.

[0057] During the formal operation, when the pyrolysis flue gas is ascending in the adsorption and weathering tank body 1, it first contacts the lower-layer mining solid waste and then contacts the upper-layer mining solid waste B. Since the lower-layer solid waste has been heated to a certain temperature before, and the mining solid waste B is located above the lower-layer solid waste, rapid heat transfer continuously occurs between the two contact surfaces, and the temperature of the entire mining solid waste B layer continues to rise as the flue gas ascends. Since the mining solid waste B was in continuous contact with the flue gas and water during the pre-operation, and then dropped to a lower temperature under the action of only spraying water, at this time, it is in continuous contact with the hot flue gas again. At the same time, the water carried by the mining solid waste B is continuously carried out by the flue gas, and the combined action accelerates the weathering of the mining solid waste B. Among them, the weathering speed of the mining solid waste B at the contact surface between the upper and lower layers is relatively faster. After that, the mining solid waste in the adsorption and weathering tank body 1 is jointly used as an adsorbent.

Claims

1. A treatment method for continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants, characterized in that The following steps are involved: 1) The soil to be treated is fully mixed with the biomass and pyrolyzed to obtain pyrolysis flue gas and treated soil, and the treated soil can be directly returned to the field; 2) Primary crushing of the mining solid waste to be processed; 3) introducing the pyrolysis flue gas obtained in step 1) into an adsorbent, wherein the adsorbent is the mining solid waste after primary crushing and / or the mining solid waste B treated in step 4), and after sufficient contact, obtaining the treated mining solid waste A and the preliminarily treated flue gas; 4) The obtained preliminary treated flue gas is introduced from the bottom into the mining solid waste after primary crushing, and sprayed on the top at the same time to obtain the treated mining solid waste B and the treated flue gas again; 5) The treated mining solid waste B is returned to step 3) for use as an adsorbent, and the treated flue gas is directly discharged; the treated mining solid waste A can be added to the soil to be treated in step 1) in proportion and pyrolyzed together to achieve soilification of the mining solid waste.

2. The treatment method of continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 1) The soil to be treated is any one or more of soil containing organic pollutants, soil containing heavy metals, and soil with continuous cropping obstacles.

3. The treatment method of continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 1) The mass ratio of the soil to be treated and the biomass is 6:1-1:

1.

4. The treatment method for continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 1) The biomass is one or more of crop straw, weeds, rice husks, bran, shrub branches, dead leaves, and wood chips.

5. The treatment method of continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 1) The moisture content of the biomass and the soil to be treated is ≤10%, and the biomass particle size is 10-90 mesh.

6. The treatment method for continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 1) The pyrolysis temperature is 250 - 450 °C, air flow rate: 0.4 - 1 m 3 / h, and the pyrolysis time is 10 - 60 min.

7. The treatment method of continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 2) The primary crushing is performed to obtain a particle size of 0.2-3 mm for the mining solid waste.

8. The treatment method for continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants according to claim 1, wherein Step 2) The mining solid waste to be processed is tailings or waste soil and rock.

9. The treatment method for continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 4) The spraying liquid is water or alkaline solution.

10. An apparatus for implementing the treatment method of continuous cropping obstacle soil containing organic pollutants according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising an adsorption weathering tank body (1) and a spraying tank body (2), characterized in that The bottom of the adsorption and weathering tank body (1) is provided with a smoke inlet (3), and the bottom of the adsorption and weathering tank body (1) opposite to the smoke inlet (3) is provided with a smoke distribution base (4). The top of the adsorption and weathering tank body (1) is larger at the bottom and smaller at the top. The spray tank body (2) is in the shape of a ring column and is sleeved on the upper part of the adsorption and weathering tank body (1). One end of the smoke guide pipe (5) is connected to the adsorption and weathering tank body (1), and the other end is connected to the bottom of the spray tank body (2). There are multiple smoke guide pipes (5) and they are distributed at different positions of the adsorption and weathering tank body (1). The smoke outlets of the spray tank body (2) connected to different smoke guide pipes (5) are distributed at different positions on the bottom of the spray tank body (2). An annular smoke distribution base (6) is provided at the lower part of the spray tank body (2), and a feeding auger device (7) is horizontally provided above the annular smoke distribution base (6) opposite to the smoke outlet of each spray tank body (2), and the ends of the feeding auger devices (7) are both facing the adsorption weathering tank body (1). The inner wall of the spray tank body (2) and the inner wall of the adsorption weathering tank body (1) opposite to the ends of the feeding auger devices (7) are respectively provided with material openings, and the two material openings are connected by a material delivery pipe (8), and upper and lower movable sealing devices (9) are respectively provided at both ends of the material delivery pipe (8). A nozzle (10) and a smoke exhaust pipe (11) are provided at the top of the spray tank body (2) opposite to the smoke outlet of each spray tank body (2).

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