An empty capsule pneumatic feeding machine and a deformation rejection method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of empty capsule pneumatic feeding machine and deformation rejection method, belong to the technical field of pharmaceutical raw materials processing, it includes base, material source, gas source, vertical material pipe and monitoring component, the monitoring component listens to the sound change emitted in the vertical transmission process of empty capsule in vertical material pipe inner wall.This scheme is by using the process of pneumatic feeding, empty capsule is lifted to different height in vertical material pipe and appears change by the lifting effect of high-speed airflow, so that it presents a specific transmission sound change curve, when the capsule with surface deformation appears, the sound change in transmission process is different, the sound signal generated in the transmission process of capsule is collected and analyzed, by analyzing the frequency spectrum, amplitude or time domain characteristics of sound signal, etc., the deformation of capsule can be detected and rejected by separation component, realize the automatic feeding control, and the quality control of capsule, effectively realize the rapid control of unqualified product, guarantee the follow-up production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pharmaceutical raw material processing technology, specifically, it relates to an empty capsule pneumatic feeding machine and a deformation rejection method. Background Technology

[0002] Background: An empty capsule pneumatic feeder is a capsule feeding device used in automated production lines. In the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries, capsules are a common form of drug packaging, and the capsule manufacturing process requires filling empty capsules with medication. Traditional capsule filling is usually done manually, which is inefficient and prone to human error.

[0003] To improve the efficiency and quality of capsule preparation, an empty capsule pneumatic feeding machine has been developed. This equipment uses a pneumatic system to automatically feed empty capsules from a storage hopper into the capsule filling equipment, achieving an automated capsule feeding process. It can be seamlessly connected to other production line equipment to achieve continuous capsule feeding, greatly improving production efficiency and product quality stability.

[0004] The working principle of an empty capsule pneumatic feeder is based on pneumatic transmission technology. It uses pneumatic cylinders, pneumatic valves, and other components to control the flow and pressure of air, grabbing empty capsules from the storage bin and conveying them to a designated location. This equipment typically has an automated control system that can be set and adjusted according to production needs to achieve precise capsule feeding, and is equipped with corresponding sensors and safety devices to ensure operational safety and stability.

[0005] The advantages of pneumatic empty capsule feeders lie in their increased production line efficiency and automation. They reduce the need for manual operation, minimize human error and labor intensity, and improve production efficiency and work quality consistency. Furthermore, the equipment features a compact design and ease of maintenance, making it widely applicable in industrial production.

[0006] In the current pneumatic transport process, some empty capsules are designed with an opening on one side, which makes them prone to minor irreversible deformation during transport and storage. If they are fed directly, it will affect the subsequent production efficiency. Identifying a small number of deformed capsules among a large number of empty capsules is a lot of work and difficult to distinguish and handle effectively.

[0007] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A pneumatic empty capsule feeding machine and a deformation rejection method, comprising:

[0010] Base;

[0011] Accelerator tube;

[0012] The material source is used for the unified storage and placement of empty capsules and is connected to the upper surface of the acceleration tube;

[0013] The air source is connected to one end of the accelerator tube and is used to provide high-speed airflow inside the accelerator tube.

[0014] The vertical feed tube is connected to the other end of the acceleration tube and is used to lift the empty capsules to a higher height.

[0015] The monitoring component is fitted onto the surface of the vertical feed tube to listen to the sound changes emitted by the empty capsules during vertical transmission through the inner wall of the vertical feed tube.

[0016] A separation component, located at the top of the vertical feed tube, is used to separate and remove deformed empty capsules;

[0017] The partition kit is located at both ends of the vertical feed tube and is used for connecting and vibration isolation at both ends of the vertical feed tube.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a constricting hopper and a rubber sleeve are provided between the accelerating tube and the air source, the constricting hopper and the opposite end of the rubber sleeve are connected, the rubber sleeve is connected to the air source, and the constricting hopper is connected to one end of the accelerating tube.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention: the material source includes a hopper for storing empty capsules, the bottom of the hopper is provided with a hopper for sequentially discharging empty capsules, a connecting ring is provided between the hopper and the hopper for connection, the bottom end of the hopper is provided with a flat discharge port that penetrates and communicates with the acceleration tube, and an inlet cover is installed on the upper surface of the hopper.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention: the air source includes a fan, a driver is installed on one side of the fan to drive it, a mounting bracket is installed on the lower surface of the driver, and an air inlet is provided on one side of the fan.

[0021] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the monitoring component includes a sound pickup chamber that is fixed through and fixed to the surface of a vertical material tube. A plurality of sound insulation rings are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sound pickup chamber. A plurality of microphones are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the sound insulation rings. A sound insulation plate is provided between each two adjacent sound insulation rings.

[0022] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the top end of the accelerating tube is connected to a bent tube through a partition kit, the other end of the bent tube is connected to a transition four-way connector, one end of the transition four-way connector is connected to a feeding tube, the separation component is connected to the transition four-way connector, and the inner wall of the transition four-way connector is provided with a smooth arc mesh.

[0023] As a further aspect of the present invention: the partition kit includes an upper collar and a lower collar for connection, and a rubber ring is fixed between the upper collar and the lower collar.

[0024] As a further aspect of the present invention: the separation assembly includes a first circulation pipe and a second circulation pipe communicating with the surface of the adapter four-way connector. One end of the second circulation pipe is connected to an expansion hopper. The first circulation pipe and the expansion hopper are connected together to a separation chamber. The inner wall of the separation chamber is fixedly connected to an inclined plate with surface openings. The inner wall of the separation chamber located on the inclined side of the inclined plate is provided with a material discharge port. The inner wall of the expansion hopper is fixed with two motors by a number of fins. The output shaft of the motor is fixed with a fan blade.

[0025] As a further aspect of the present invention: a plurality of buffer seats are attached to the surface of the monitoring component, a plurality of second supports are mounted on the surface of the plurality of buffer seats, a plurality of first supports are fixed to the lower surface of the material source, and the first supports and second supports are both fixed to the surface of the base.

[0026] As a further aspect of the present invention: a method for pneumatically deforming and removing empty capsules, comprising the following methods:

[0027] The raw material enters the acceleration tube from the feed source and moves rapidly within the acceleration tube under the high-speed gas from the gas source, and then enters the vertical feed tube.

[0028] Sound acquisition: When the raw material moves in the vertical feed tube, the sound signal generated during its transmission is collected by a microphone at different heights in multiple segments.

[0029] Signal preprocessing: Preprocessing the acquired sound signals;

[0030] The preprocessing includes steps such as filtering, noise reduction, and gain control to remove noise and interference and improve signal quality and reliability.

[0031] Feature extraction: Extracting features from preprocessed audio signals;

[0032] The extracted features include spectral features, temporal features, and amplitude features, which are used to describe the properties and characteristics of the sound signal;

[0033] The feature extraction methods include Fourier transform, wavelet transform, and autocorrelation function;

[0034] Feature analysis: The extracted features are analyzed and processed to obtain information related to capsule deformation;

[0035] The feature analysis processing includes spectral analysis, time-domain analysis, and statistical analysis, used to detect changes and anomalies in the sound signal;

[0036] Deformation assessment: Based on the results of feature analysis, determine whether the capsule has undergone deformation;

[0037] The deformation determination includes setting thresholds or rules; when the feature value exceeds or falls below the set range, it is determined to be a deformation.

[0038] Output results: Based on the deformation judgment results, output the corresponding information or issue an alarm;

[0039] Output information includes displaying the degree of deformation, triggering an alarm device, or recording deformation data;

[0040] Simultaneously, the operation of the motor is controlled based on the deformation judgment result. When the capsule moves into the adapter four-way, the abnormal capsule can be removed by the separation component.

[0041] Beneficial effects:

[0042] This solution employs a pneumatic feeding process. High-speed gas is supplied by an air source to rapidly transport hollow capsules sequentially through an acceleration tube. As the capsules accelerate within the acceleration tube, they enter a vertical feed tube. During this process, the capsules rise to different heights within the vertical feed tube, where they are lifted by the high-speed airflow, resulting in a specific transmission sound change curve. Capsules with surface deformation exhibit different sound changes during transmission. By collecting and analyzing the sound signals generated during capsule transmission, including their spectrum, amplitude, and time-domain characteristics, the deformation of the capsules can be detected, and they can be removed via a separation component. This method enables automated feeding control and capsule quality control, effectively allowing for rapid control of defective products and ensuring subsequent production efficiency.

[0043] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0044] In the attached diagram:

[0045] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the material source of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the separation component of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional adapter four-way connector of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the monitoring component of the present invention.

[0050] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Air source; 21. Fan; 22. Driver; 23. Air inlet; 24. Mounting bracket; 3. Material source; 31. Hopper; 32. Feed hopper; 33. Adapter ring; 34. Discharge port; 35. Feed hood; 4. Monitoring component; 41. Sound pickup chamber; 42. Sound insulation board; 43. Isolation ring; 44. Microphone; 5. Separation component; 51. Separation chamber; 52. First circulation pipe; 53. Second circulation pipe 54. Motor; 55. Fan blade; 56. Fin; 57. Expanding hopper; 58. Inclined plate; 59. Discharge port; 6. Rubber sleeve; 7. Closing hopper; 8. Accelerating pipe; 9. Partition kit; 91. Lower collar; 92. Upper collar; 93. Rubber ring; 10. Vertical feed pipe; 11. Buffer seat; 12. Bend; 13. Adapter four-way; 14. Feed pipe; 15. First support frame; 16. Second support frame; 17. Smooth arc net. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention.

[0052] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This invention provides a technical solution: a pneumatic feeding machine for empty capsules and a method for rejecting deformed capsules, comprising:

[0053] Base 1;

[0054] Accelerator tube 8;

[0055] Material source 3 is used for the unified storage and placement of empty capsules and is connected to the upper surface of the acceleration tube 8;

[0056] Air source 2 is connected to one end of acceleration tube 8 and is used to provide high-speed airflow inside acceleration tube 8;

[0057] The vertical feed tube 10 is connected to the other end of the acceleration tube 8 and is used to lift the empty capsule at a height.

[0058] Monitoring component 4 is fitted and installed on the surface of vertical material tube 10 to listen to the sound changes emitted by the empty capsules during vertical transmission on the inner wall of vertical material tube 10.

[0059] Separation component 5, located at the top of vertical feed tube 10, is used to separate and remove deformed empty capsules;

[0060] The partition kit 9 ​​is located at both ends of the vertical tube 10 and is used for the connection and vibration isolation of the two ends of the vertical tube 10.

[0061] A constricting hopper 7 and a rubber sleeve 6 are provided between the acceleration pipe 8 and the air source 2. The constricting hopper 7 and the opposite end of the rubber sleeve 6 are connected. The rubber sleeve 6 is connected to the air source 2. The constricting hopper 7 is connected to one end of the acceleration pipe 8.

[0062] The converging hopper 7 in the pneumatic empty capsule feeder you described serves to connect the acceleration tube 8 and the air source 2. Specifically, the converging hopper 7 is located between the acceleration tube 8 and the rubber sleeve 6, connecting the rubber sleeve 6 to the air source 2. This structure helps guide the high-speed airflow provided by the air source 2 into the acceleration tube 8 and then through the rubber sleeve 6 into the acceleration tube 8.

[0063] Before reaching the acceleration tube 8, the airflow generated by the fan 21 passes through the rubber sleeve 6. During this process, the rubber sleeve 6 absorbs and reduces the effects of vibrations from the air source 2 transmitted to other parts of the system. This helps ensure the stability of airflow transmission, thereby improving the performance and reliability of the entire system.

[0064] By using the rubber sleeve 6 for shock absorption, you can reduce the transmission of noise, vibration, and shock, which helps protect the normal operation of the system.

[0065] The material source 3 includes a hopper 31 for storing empty capsules. The bottom of the hopper 31 is provided with a hopper 32 for sequentially discharging empty capsules. A connecting ring 33 is provided between the hopper 32 and the hopper 31 for connection. The bottom end of the hopper 32 is provided with a flat discharge port 34 that is connected through the acceleration tube 8. The upper surface of the hopper 31 is equipped with a feeding cover 35.

[0066] Material hopper 31: Material hopper 31 is a container for storing empty capsules, serving to centrally store raw materials. It is located at the top, and empty capsules are stored inside material hopper 31.

[0067] Hopper 32: Hopper 32 is the lower connecting part of the hopper 31, connected via an adapter ring 33. A discharge port 34 is provided at the bottom of hopper 32 for guiding empty capsules one by one into the acceleration tube 8. During the discharge process, the design and structure of hopper 32 help control the discharge speed and sequence of empty capsules.

[0068] Feed port 34: Feed port 34 is the opening at the bottom of hopper 32. Through it, empty capsules are guided into acceleration tube 8 to begin the conveying process. The position and size of feed port 34 need to match the position and size of acceleration tube 8 to ensure smooth entry of empty capsules into acceleration tube 8.

[0069] The working relationship between these three components is as follows:

[0070] Empty capsules slide one by one or in a certain pattern from the hopper 31 into the hood 35.

[0071] The discharge port 34 of the hopper 32 controls the release of empty capsules, ensuring that they enter the acceleration tube 8 in sequence.

[0072] The empty capsule enters the acceleration tube 8 through the feed port 34, and is then further transported by the high-speed airflow provided by the air source 2.

[0073] This coordinated relationship ensures the orderly transmission of empty capsules within the feeding system, providing a stable starting point for subsequent sound signal acquisition, deformation detection, and rejection.

[0074] The air source 2 includes a fan 21, a driver 22 for driving the fan 21 is installed on one side, a mounting bracket 24 is installed on the lower surface of the driver 22, and an air inlet 23 is provided on one side of the fan 21.

[0075] The monitoring component 4 includes a sound pickup chamber 41 that is fixed through the surface of the vertical material tube 10. Several sound insulation rings are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sound pickup chamber 41. Several microphones 44 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the sound insulation rings. A sound insulation plate 42 is provided between two adjacent sound insulation rings.

[0076] Monitoring component 4 is a key component used to monitor the sound signals generated during the transmission of the empty capsule. Monitoring component 4 consists of multiple parts, each with a specific function, working together to monitor and analyze the sound during the transmission of the empty capsule.

[0077] The pickup chamber 41 is the main housing of the monitoring component 4, and it is attached to the surface of the vertical tube 10. Its function is to provide support and protection for other components, as well as to guide sound to the internal soundproofing ring and pickup 44.

[0078] The soundproof ring is located on the inner wall of the pickup chamber 41 to isolate external noise and interference, ensuring that the microphone 44 can more accurately receive and record the sound signals generated during the transmission of the empty capsule.

[0079] The microphone 44 is the core component of the monitoring assembly 4. It is fixed inside the sound insulation ring and is used to listen to and receive the sound signals generated when the empty capsule is transmitted through the inner wall of the vertical feed tube 10. It converts the sound into an electrical signal for subsequent signal processing and analysis.

[0080] Through the collaboration of these components, monitoring component 4 can achieve the following functions:

[0081] The microphone 44 listens to and captures the sound signals generated during the transmission of the empty capsule, and converts the sound into electrical signals.

[0082] The soundproof ring helps reduce external noise and interference, ensuring that the microphone 44 only receives the sound signals related to the transmission of the empty capsule.

[0083] The microphone 44 transmits the captured sound signal to other components of the system, such as signal preprocessing, feature extraction, and feature analysis, for further processing and judgment.

[0084] The monitoring component 4 can provide information about the capsule's transmission status by listening to and analyzing the sound signals during the transmission of the empty capsule, and then use this information to detect deformation and abnormalities, thereby automatically rejecting unqualified capsules.

[0085] At the same time, the multiple soundproof panels 42 separate the multiple microphones 44, forming independent listening spaces. Based on the transmission changes at different heights, specific transmission sound is monitored. Then, the multiple sound groups are merged to extract the common overlapping sound frequencies, obtain distinguishing sound characteristics, understand the sound changes at different heights to judge the deformation of the capsule, and can accurately eliminate useless noise, ensuring accurate judgment and identification under the rapid movement of the empty capsule.

[0086] The top end of the acceleration tube 8 is connected to a bend tube 12 via a partition kit 9. The other end of the bend tube 12 is connected to a transition four-way connector 13. One end of the transition four-way connector 13 is connected to a feed tube 14. The separation component 5 is connected to the transition four-way connector 13. The inner wall of the transition four-way connector 13 is provided with a smooth arc mesh 17.

[0087] The smooth arc mesh 17, located within the adapter four-way connector 13, is designed and shaped to help separate empty capsules and guide them along a specific path. This helps ensure that the empty capsules remain dispersed during transport without interfering with each other.

[0088] The partition kit 9 ​​includes an upper collar 92 and a lower collar 91 for connection, with a rubber ring 93 fixed between the upper collar 92 and the lower collar 91.

[0089] The separation assembly 5 includes a first circulation pipe 52 and a second circulation pipe 53 that are connected to the surface of the adapter four-way 13. One end of the second circulation pipe 53 is connected to an expansion hopper 57. The first circulation pipe 52 and the expansion hopper 57 are connected to a separation chamber 51. An inclined plate 58 with surface openings is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation chamber 51. A material discharge port 59 is opened on the inner wall of the separation chamber 51 on the inclined side of the inclined plate 58. Two motors 54 are fixed to the inner wall of the expansion hopper 57 through several fins 56. A fan blade 55 is fixed to the output shaft of the motor 54.

[0090] The surface of the monitoring component 4 is fitted with several buffer seats 11, and several second supports 16 are mounted on the surface of the several buffer seats 11. Several first supports 15 are fixed on the lower surface of the material source 3, and the first supports 15 and the second supports 16 are both fixed on the surface of the base 1.

[0091] The first support frame 15 and the second support frame 16 are two support structures, fixed to the surface of the monitoring component 4 and the lower surface of the material source 3, respectively. The presence of the first support frame 15 and the second support frame 16 provides stable support, fixing the monitoring component 4 and the material source 3 to the base 1, ensuring that they will not shake or fall off, thereby maintaining the stability of the entire system. By fixing the first support frame 15 and the second support frame 16, the positions of the monitoring component 4 and the material source 3 are fixed, keeping them in the correct relative position, ensuring accurate acquisition of sound signals and normal transmission of empty capsules. At the same time, the second support frame fixes the pickup chamber 41 through the buffer seat 11, keeping it in a stable support and reducing the impact. In conjunction with the internal isolation ring 43, the impact on the microphone 44 is further reduced. In conjunction with the partition kit 9 ​​of the vertical material tube 10 inside the pickup chamber 41, vibration interference is further reduced, ensuring the stability of recognition.

[0092] A method for removing empty capsules by pneumatic deformation includes the following steps:

[0093] The raw material enters the acceleration tube 8 from the material source 3 and moves rapidly in the acceleration tube 8 under the high-speed gas of the gas source 2, and then enters the vertical material tube 10.

[0094] Sound acquisition: When the raw material moves in the vertical feed pipe 10, the sound signal generated during its transmission is collected by the microphone 44 in multiple segments at different heights.

[0095] Signal preprocessing: Preprocessing the acquired sound signals;

[0096] Preprocessing includes steps such as filtering, noise reduction, and gain control to remove noise and interference and improve signal quality and reliability.

[0097] Feature extraction: Extracting features from preprocessed audio signals;

[0098] Extracted features include spectral features, temporal features, and amplitude features, which are used to describe the properties and characteristics of sound signals;

[0099] Feature extraction methods include Fourier transform, wavelet transform, and autocorrelation function;

[0100] Feature analysis: The extracted features are analyzed and processed to obtain information related to capsule deformation;

[0101] Feature analysis processing includes spectral analysis, time-domain analysis, and statistical analysis, used to detect changes and anomalies in sound signals;

[0102] Deformation assessment: Based on the results of feature analysis, determine whether the capsule has undergone deformation;

[0103] Deformation detection includes setting thresholds or rules; when a feature value exceeds or falls below a set range, it is determined to be a deformation.

[0104] Output results: Based on the deformation judgment results, output the corresponding information or issue an alarm;

[0105] Output information includes displaying the degree of deformation, triggering an alarm device, or recording deformation data;

[0106] Simultaneously, the operation of motor 54 is controlled based on the deformation judgment result. When the capsule moves into the adapter four-way 13, the abnormal capsule can be removed by the separation component 5.

[0107] The driver 22 drives the fan 21 to operate, allowing external airflow to enter through the air inlet 23. The airflow then passes through the rubber sleeve 6 into the acceleration tube 8. Empty capsules in the hopper 31, under the convergence of the hopper 32, evenly enter the acceleration tube 8 through the discharge port 34. At this time, the gas from the air source 2 transports the empty capsules within the acceleration tube 8 to the vertical feed pipe 10, and then through the bend 12 into the connecting four-way valve 13, until finally entering the feed pipe 14. During this transmission process, the motor 54 drives the fan blades 55 to rotate, causing the airflow to enter the separation chamber 51 through the expansion hopper 57. Simultaneously, a negative pressure is created at the second circulation pipe 53, forming a downward pressure at the smooth arc mesh 17. When the empty capsule moves to the position of the smooth arc net 17, it is propelled by the airflow and simultaneously subjected to gravity and downward suction, preventing jamming at the position of the first circulation pipe 52. When the capsule is removed, the motor 54 drives the fan 55 in reverse, causing the airflow to be pressurized through the expansion hopper 57 and enter the second circulation pipe 53, forming an upward airflow at the position of the smooth arc net 17. At the same time, the airflow in the separation chamber 51 flows downward through the inclined plate 58, and the first circulation pipe 52 is in a negative pressure state, which can flush the empty capsule into the first circulation pipe 52 until it is transferred to the separation chamber 51 under the negative pressure of the first circulation pipe 52 and discharged through the discharge port 59 under the guidance of the inclined plate 58.

[0108] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pneumatic feeding machine for empty capsules, characterized in that, include: Base (1) Accelerator tube (8); The material source (3) is used for the unified storage and placement of empty capsules and is connected to the upper surface of the acceleration tube (8); The air source (2) is connected to one end of the acceleration tube (8) and is used to provide high-speed airflow inside the acceleration tube (8); The vertical feed tube (10) is connected to the other end of the acceleration tube (8) for raising the height of the empty capsule; The monitoring component (4) is fitted onto the surface of the vertical tube (10) to monitor the sound changes emitted by the empty capsules during vertical transmission on the inner wall of the vertical tube (10). The separation component (5) is located at the top of the vertical feed tube (10) and is used to separate and remove deformed empty capsules; A partition kit (9) is provided at both ends of the vertical tube (10) for connecting and vibration isolation at both ends of the vertical tube (10); The monitoring component (4) includes a sound pickup chamber (41) that is fixed through the surface of the vertical material tube (10). The inner wall of the sound pickup chamber (41) is fixedly connected with several sound insulation rings. Several microphones (44) are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the sound insulation rings. A sound insulation plate (42) is provided between two adjacent sound insulation rings. The microphone (44) is used to listen to and receive the sound signals generated when the empty capsule is transmitted on the inner wall of the vertical tube (10). It converts the sound into an electrical signal for subsequent signal processing and analysis.

2. The pneumatic empty capsule feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, A constricting hopper (7) and a rubber sleeve (6) are provided between the acceleration tube (8) and the air source (2). The constricting hopper (7) and the rubber sleeve (6) are connected at opposite ends. The rubber sleeve (6) is connected to the air source (2). The constricting hopper (7) and the acceleration tube (8) are connected at one end.

3. The pneumatic empty capsule feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material source (3) includes a hopper (31) for storing empty capsules. The bottom of the hopper (31) is provided with a hopper (32) for sequentially dropping empty capsules. A connecting ring (33) is provided between the hopper (32) and the hopper (31) for connection. The bottom end of the hopper (32) is provided with a flat discharge port (34) that is connected through the acceleration tube (8). The upper surface of the hopper (31) is equipped with a feeding cover (35).

4. The pneumatic feeding machine for empty capsules according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air source (2) includes a fan (21), a driver (22) for driving the fan (21) is installed on one side, a mounting bracket (24) is installed on the lower surface of the driver (22), and an air inlet (23) is provided on one side of the fan (21).

5. The pneumatic feeding machine for empty capsules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top end of the acceleration tube (8) is connected to a bend (12) via a partition kit (9), the other end of the bend (12) is connected to a transition four-way (13), one end of the transition four-way (13) is connected to a feed tube (14), the separation component (5) is connected to the transition four-way (13), and the inner wall of the transition four-way (13) is provided with a smooth arc mesh (17).

6. The pneumatic empty capsule feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The partition kit (9) includes an upper collar (92) and a lower collar (91) for connection, with a rubber ring (93) fixed between the upper collar (92) and the lower collar (91).

7. The pneumatic feeding machine for empty capsules according to claim 5, characterized in that, The separation assembly (5) includes a first circulation pipe (52) and a second circulation pipe (53) connected to the surface of the adapter four-way (13). One end of the second circulation pipe (53) is connected to an expansion hopper (57). The first circulation pipe (52) and the expansion hopper (57) are connected to a separation chamber (51). The inner wall of the separation chamber (51) is fixedly connected to an inclined plate (58) with surface openings. The inner wall of the separation chamber (51) on the inclined side of the inclined plate (58) is provided with a discharge port (59). The inner wall of the expansion hopper (57) is fixed with two motors (54) through several fins (56). The output shaft of the motor (54) is fixed with a fan blade (55).

8. The pneumatic empty capsule feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the monitoring component (4) is fitted with several buffer seats (11), and several second supports (16) are installed on the surface of the several buffer seats (11). Several first supports (15) are fixed on the lower surface of the material source (3). The first supports (15) and the second supports (16) are both fixed on the surface of the base (1).

9. A method for pneumatically deforming and rejecting empty capsules, implemented using a pneumatic empty capsule feeder as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Including the following methods: The raw material enters the acceleration tube (8) from the material source (3) and moves rapidly in the acceleration tube (8) under the high-speed gas of the gas source (2), and then enters the vertical material tube (10). Sound acquisition: When the raw material moves in the vertical pipe (10), the sound signal generated during its transmission is collected by the microphone (44) in multiple segments at different heights; Signal preprocessing: Preprocessing the acquired sound signals; The preprocessing includes filtering, noise reduction, and gain control to remove noise and interference and improve signal quality and reliability. Feature extraction: Extracting features from preprocessed audio signals; The extracted features include spectral features, temporal features, and amplitude features, which are used to describe the properties and characteristics of the sound signal; The feature extraction methods include Fourier transform, wavelet transform, and autocorrelation function; Feature analysis: The extracted features are analyzed and processed to obtain information related to capsule deformation; The feature analysis processing includes spectral analysis, time-domain analysis, and statistical analysis, used to detect changes and anomalies in the sound signal; Deformation assessment: Based on the results of feature analysis, determine whether the capsule has undergone deformation; The deformation determination includes setting thresholds or rules; when the feature value exceeds or falls below the set range, it is determined to be a deformation. Output results: Based on the deformation judgment results, output the corresponding information or issue an alarm; Output information includes displaying the degree of deformation, triggering an alarm device, or recording deformation data; At the same time, the operation of the motor (54) is controlled according to the deformation judgment result. When the capsule moves into the adapter four-way (13), the abnormal capsule can be removed by the separation component (5).

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