A dual-fuel low-emission gas turbine combustor with an air conditioning system

Abstract

The present invention provides a dual-fuel, low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber with an air conditioning system, comprising an air bleed passage, a throttle baffle, a combustion chamber casing, a dual-fuel nozzle, and a flame tube; the air bleed passage is mounted on the outside of the combustion chamber casing; the throttle baffle, the dual-fuel nozzle, and the flame tube are mounted on the inside of the combustion chamber casing; the throttle baffle is mounted in the interlayer between the flame tube and the combustion chamber casing; the fuel outlet of the dual-fuel nozzle is connected to the flame tube; and the flame tube is connected to the combustion chamber outlet. The combustion chamber of the present invention can be used to online adjust the nozzle intake volume, main combustion air volume, and mixed air volume distribution in the combustion chamber according to the characteristics of different phase fuels during the operation of the gas turbine, thereby achieving high-quality compatibility of the gas turbine with gas fuels and liquid fuels. At the same time, the combustion chamber of the present invention has a high tolerance rate for the machining accuracy of the nozzle and flame tube flow area, resulting in lower machining and debugging costs and a shorter cycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of thermal energy and power engineering, and in particular relates to a dual-fuel low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber with an air conditioning system. Background Art

[0002] As energy allocation continues to optimize, society's requirements for fuel compatibility and environmentally friendly emissions in power equipment gas turbines are increasing. The dual-fuel, low-emission combustor is a core component for gas turbines that achieves multi-fuel combustion and is a key component for reducing emissions. During operation, the required combustion chamber air distribution methods differ due to the varying characteristics of different fuel phases. When using gaseous fuels, insufficient premixed air entering from the front of the flame tube will lead to excessively high combustion zone temperatures, generating large amounts of NOx pollutants. When using liquid fuels, due to the slower evaporation and combustion of liquid fuels, excessive air entering from the front of the flame tube will cause the liquid fuel to be prematurely blown downstream of the flame tube and unable to completely burn. Simultaneously, insufficient main and dilution air results in poor combustion chamber outlet temperature uniformity, impacting the life of turbine blades downstream of the combustor. Therefore, proper air distribution is one of the key technologies for the combustor to adapt to multi-phase fuels and achieve low-emission combustion of gaseous fuels. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a dual-fuel, low-emission gas turbine combustor with an air conditioning system. This system can be used in combustors requiring air distribution control, such as dual-fuel gas turbine combustors. It enables online adjustment of the nozzle air flow, main combustion air flow, and dilution air flow within the combustor, accommodating switching between different fuel phases in the gas turbine.

[0004] A dual-fuel, low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber with an air conditioning system comprises an air bleed passage, a throttle baffle, a combustion chamber casing, a dual-fuel nozzle and a flame tube; the air bleed passage is mounted on the outside of the combustion chamber casing; the throttle baffle, dual-fuel nozzle and flame tube are mounted on the inside of the combustion chamber casing; the throttle baffle is mounted in the interlayer between the flame tube and the combustion chamber casing; the fuel outlet of the dual-fuel nozzle is connected to the flame tube; and the flame tube is connected to the combustion chamber outlet.

[0005] Furthermore, the air bleed channel includes an air bleed channel pipeline and an air bleed flow regulating valve; the air bleed channel pipeline is welded to the combustion chamber outer shell, one end of the air bleed channel pipeline is close to the combustion chamber air inlet, and the other end is away from the combustion chamber inlet and located on the other side of the throttle baffle, and the air bleed channel pipeline is equipped with an air bleed flow regulating valve to adjust the air flow in the air bleed channel pipeline.

[0006] Furthermore, the flame tube wall is provided with a flame tube main combustion hole and a flame tube mixing hole; the outer side of the flame tube is provided with a baffle groove, and the baffle groove is used to install a fixed throttling baffle.

[0007] Furthermore, the throttle baffle comprises a lower throttle baffle plate, an upper throttle baffle plate, and positioning bolts and nuts. The throttle baffle plate is provided with left and right snap fasteners on either side, and a plurality of flow holes are formed on its surface. The lower throttle baffle plate and the upper throttle baffle plate are respectively mounted on the upper and lower sides of the flame tube and inserted into the baffle slots on the flame tube. The lower throttle baffle plate and the upper throttle baffle plate are connected by positioning bolts and nuts. Adjacent lower throttle baffle plates and adjacent upper throttle baffle plates are overlapped by the left and right snap fasteners, respectively.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0009] (1) The combustion chamber of the present invention can be used to adjust the nozzle air intake, main combustion air volume, and mixed air volume distribution in the combustion chamber online according to the characteristics of different phase fuels during the operation of the gas turbine, thereby achieving high-quality compatibility of gas fuel and liquid fuel for the gas turbine (low-emission combustion of gas fuel, high-efficiency combustion of liquid fuel, and high uniformity of gas temperature).

[0010] (2) At the same time, the combustion chamber of the present invention has a high tolerance rate for the machining accuracy of the nozzle and the flame tube flow area, and has lower machining and debugging costs and a shorter cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Partial cross-sectional view and partial enlarged view;

[0013] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the combustion chamber with the air conditioning system of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the derived structure cross section of several air conditioning systems of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure: 1-bleed air channel; 1-1-bleed air channel pipeline; 1-2-bleed air flow regulating valve; 2-throttle baffle; 2-1-throttle baffle lower piece; 2-2-throttle baffle upper piece; 2-3-left side clip; 2-4-right side clip; 2-5-flow hole; 2-6-positioning bolt and nut; 3-combustion chamber casing; 3-1-combustion chamber air inlet; 3-2-combustion chamber outlet; 3-3-outer casing; 3-4-inner casing; 4-dual-fuel nozzle; 5-flame tube; 5-1-flame tube main combustion hole; 5-2-flame tube mixing hole; 5-3-baffle groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, the dual-fuel low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber with an air conditioning system includes an air inlet channel 1, a throttle baffle 2, a combustion chamber shell 3, a dual-fuel nozzle 4, and a flame tube 5; the air inlet channel 1 is installed on the outside of the combustion chamber shell 3, the throttle baffle 2, the dual-fuel nozzle 4, and the flame tube 5 are installed on the inside of the combustion chamber shell 3, the throttle baffle 2 is installed in the interlayer between the flame tube 5 and the combustion chamber shell 3, and the dual-fuel nozzle and the main combustion hole and mixing hole on the flame tube are separated into two areas, and the throttle baffle is provided with flow holes according to the flow requirements of the two areas, the fuel outlet of the dual-fuel nozzle 4 is connected to the flame tube 5, and the outlet of the flame tube 5 is connected to the combustion chamber outlet 3-2.

[0018] The air bleed channel 1 includes an air bleed channel pipeline 1-1 and an air bleed flow regulating valve 1-2. The air bleed channel pipeline 1-1 is welded to the combustion chamber shell 3. One end of the air bleed channel pipeline 1-1 is close to the combustion chamber air inlet 3-3, and the other end is away from the combustion chamber inlet 3-3 and is located on the other side of the throttle baffle 2; the air bleed channel pipeline 1-1 is equipped with an air bleed flow regulating valve 1-2 to adjust the air flow in the air bleed channel pipeline 1-1.

[0019] The flame tube 5 wall is provided with a flame tube main combustion hole 5-1 and a flame tube mixing hole 5-2, and the outer side of the flame tube is provided with a baffle groove 5-3, which is used to install a fixed throttling baffle 2.

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown, the throttle baffle 2 comprises a lower throttle baffle plate 2-1, an upper throttle baffle plate 2-2, and positioning bolts and nuts 2-6. The throttle baffle plate 2 is flanked by left and right snaps 2-3 and 2-4. Several flow holes 2-5 are formed on its surface. The lower throttle baffle plate 2-1 and upper throttle baffle plate 2-2 are mounted on the upper and lower sides of the flame tube 5, respectively, and inserted into the baffle slots 5-3 on the flame tube 5, sandwiching the flame tube 5. The lower throttle baffle plate 2-1 and upper throttle baffle plate 2-2 of the same flame tube 5 are connected by positioning bolts and nuts 2-6. Adjacent lower throttle baffle plates 2-1 and adjacent upper throttle baffle plates 2-2 are overlapped by the left and right snaps 2-3 and 2-4.

[0021] The flow performance of throttle baffle 2 is determined by the total area of flow holes 2-5. A single gas turbine is equipped with multiple sets of throttle baffles 2 with varying flow performance. During the commissioning and running-in phase of the gas turbine, the optimal throttle baffle 2 is selected based on test results.

[0022] Air enters the interlayer between the combustion chamber shell 3 and the flame tube 5 from the combustion chamber outlet 3-2. Part of the air passes through the flow holes 2-5 and the dual-fuel nozzle 4 on the throttle baffle 2 in turn, and enters the flame tube 5 to participate in combustion; enters the flame tube 5 through the main combustion hole 5-1 and the flame tube mixing hole 5-2 to participate in combustion and temperature field regulation; part of the air passes through the bleed channel 1 and the dual-fuel nozzle 4 in turn as needed, and enters the flame tube 5 to participate in combustion; the air burns in the flame tube 5, and the combustion gas is finally discharged from the combustion chamber through the combustion chamber outlet 3-2 and enters the downstream turbine to perform work.

[0023] When the combustion chamber uses liquid fuel, the air flow regulating valve 1-2 is closed, and air can only enter the dual-fuel nozzle 4 through the flow hole 2-5. Less air enters the flame tube 5 through the dual-fuel nozzle 4, and the liquid fuel can be fully burned for a longer time upstream of the flame tube 5. At this time, more air enters the flame tube 5 through the main combustion hole 5-1 and the mixing hole 5-2 of the flame tube, which can more effectively adjust the uniformity of the gas temperature reaching the combustion chamber outlet 3-2.

[0024] When the combustion chamber uses gas fuel, the bleed air flow regulating valve 1-2 is opened, and air enters the dual-fuel nozzle 4 through the bleed air channel 1 and the flow holes 2-5, increasing the air flow flowing through the dual-fuel nozzle, that is, increasing the premixed air flow, lowering the temperature of the combustion zone, and reducing pollutant generation; more air enters the flame tube 5 through the dual-fuel nozzle 4, and the gas fuel is fully mixed with sufficient air to achieve low-emission combustion. The gas temperature uniformity of the gas fuel premixed combustion is relatively high. Even if less air enters the flame tube 5 through the flame tube main combustion hole 5-1 and the flame tube mixing hole 5-2, the gas temperature uniformity requirement of the turbine downstream of the combustion chamber can still be met.

[0025] The combustion chamber structure can adjust the combustion chamber air distribution according to the fuel properties, gas turbine unit status and atmospheric environmental conditions, reducing the processing accuracy requirements for the fuel nozzle and flame tube flow structure, and improving the adaptability of the combustion chamber to fuel and air.

[0026] When the combustion chamber is in a low-load condition, in order to avoid flameout of the combustion chamber, the bleed air flow control valve 1-2 should be closed to reduce the intake air flow of the dual-fuel nozzle 4.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the dual-fuel, low-emission gas turbine combustor with an air conditioning system has multiple variants. Depending on the combustor's intake type, when the combustor intake is a forward flow type, the control logic of the bleed air flow control valves 1-2 is opposite to that of a reverse flow type combustor. Based on the specific requirements of combustor air control, multiple bleed air channels 1 and throttle baffles can be configured to achieve more precise air control. Depending on the overall layout of the combustor, the throttle baffle 2 can be fixed to the combustor casing 3 in various configurations; the throttle baffle 2 can be a single piece or a multi-piece assembly.

[0028] The installation position and working mode of the bleed air channel and the bleed air flow regulating valve change with the combustion chamber structure type. When the combustion chamber is a reverse flow intake, closing and reducing the bleed air flow regulating valve will reduce the nozzle intake volume; when the combustion chamber is a forward flow intake, closing and reducing the bleed air flow regulating valve will increase the nozzle intake volume. As long as the bleed air channel connects the spaces on both sides of the throttle baffle, it can have the function of regulating the air flow in the spaces on both sides of the flow channel.

[0029] The position, number and connection type of the throttle baffle change with the combustion chamber structure and actual needs: the position of the throttle baffle includes but is not limited to dividing the main combustion holes and mixing holes on the nozzle and the flame tube into two spaces, and the nozzle multi-stage air intake channel, the main combustion holes, cooling holes and mixing holes on the flame tube can also be divided into different spaces; the throttle baffle type includes but is not limited to being fixed on the flame tube, and can also be fixed on the combustion chamber outer shell, leaving a gap with the flame tube.

[0030] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-fuel low-emission gas turbine combustor with an air conditioning system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air inlet passage (1), a throttle baffle (2), a combustion chamber shell (3), a dual-fuel nozzle (4) and a flame tube (5); the air inlet passage (1) is installed on the outside of the combustion chamber shell (3); the throttle baffle (2), the dual-fuel nozzle (4) and the flame tube (5) are installed on the inside of the combustion chamber shell (3); the throttle baffle (2) is installed in the interlayer between the flame tube (5) and the combustion chamber shell (3); the fuel outlet of the dual-fuel nozzle (4) is connected to the flame tube (5); and the flame tube (5) is connected to the combustion chamber outlet (3-2); The throttle baffle (2) comprises a throttle baffle lower plate (2-1), a throttle baffle upper plate (2-2) and positioning bolts and nuts (2-6); a left snap fastener (2-3) and a right snap fastener (2-4) are provided on both sides of the throttle baffle (2); a plurality of flow holes (2-5) are provided on the plate surface of the throttle baffle (2); the throttle baffle lower plate (2-1) and the throttle baffle upper plate (2-2) are respectively mounted on the upper and lower sides of the flame tube (5) and inserted into the baffle groove (5-3) on the flame tube (5); the throttle baffle lower plate (2-1) and the throttle baffle upper plate (2-2) are connected by positioning bolts and nuts (2-6); and two adjacent throttle baffle lower plates (2-1) and two adjacent throttle baffle upper plates (2-2) are overlapped by the left snap fastener (2-3) and the right snap fastener (2-4) respectively.

2. A dual-fuel low-emission gas turbine combustor with an air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bleed air channel (1) comprises an bleed air channel pipeline (1-1) and an bleed air flow regulating valve (1-2); the bleed air channel pipeline (1-1) is welded to the combustion chamber shell (3); one end of the bleed air channel pipeline (1-1) is close to the combustion chamber air inlet (3-3), and the other end is away from the combustion chamber air inlet (3-3) and is located on the other side of the throttle baffle (2); the bleed air channel pipeline (1-1) is equipped with a bleed air flow regulating valve (1-2) to regulate the air flow in the bleed air channel pipeline (1-1).

3. The dual-fuel low-emission gas turbine combustor with an air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame tube (5) wall is provided with a flame tube main combustion hole (5-1) and a flame tube mixing hole (5-2); the flame tube (5) has a baffle groove (5-3) on the outside, and the baffle groove (5-3) is used for installing a fixed throttling baffle (2).

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